CN101511979B - 具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物 - Google Patents

具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物 Download PDF

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CN101511979B
CN101511979B CN2007800326199A CN200780032619A CN101511979B CN 101511979 B CN101511979 B CN 101511979B CN 2007800326199 A CN2007800326199 A CN 2007800326199A CN 200780032619 A CN200780032619 A CN 200780032619A CN 101511979 B CN101511979 B CN 101511979B
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lubricating oil
oil composition
methyl
alcohol
compression refrigerator
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CN101511979A (zh
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太田雅树
金子正人
畑一志
坪内俊之
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,该组合物含有基油,该基油包含分子量为150-5000、具有叔碳或季碳的下述(1)-(6)的化合物、在40℃下的运动粘度为2-1000mm2/秒:(1)脂环式烃化合物;(2)多元醇的支链羧酸酯;(3)脂环式多元羧酸酯;(4)聚丁烯;(5)烷基苯和/或烷基萘;(6)在13C-NMR谱中,化学位移值在30-100ppm范围内的峰面积为全部峰面积的5-40%的石蜡类矿物油和/或通过环分析法得到的环烷成分为30-70质量%的环烷类矿物油。该组合物的牵引性能、润滑性、稳定性优异。

Description

具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,更具体地说,涉及在制冷剂气氛下的牵引性能优异、且润滑性、稳定性优异,适合用于具有牵引机构的各种压缩式冷冻机、特别是开放式冷冻机的润滑油组合物。
背景技术
在以往的压缩式冷冻机、特别是汽车空调用压缩冷冻机中,使用变容式冷冻机作为可变机构,该变容式冷冻机通过改变压缩机内部的斜板的角度来调节活塞的行程距离。
该方式中,为了调节活塞的行程距离,对活塞施加的负荷大,引起烧结或磨损。
但是,近年来开发了压缩机内部设有牵引驱动机构、以调节活塞的行程速度的变速式控制方式的压缩机。
因此,要求这种压缩式冷冻机中使用的冷冻机用润滑油组合物具备以往的冷冻机用润滑油组合物所必须的优异的润滑性、稳定性等,同时还具备良好的牵引性能。
但是,尚未发现牵引性能、即,特别是在制冷剂气氛下的牵引系数提高、且润滑性、稳定性等优异的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物。
因此,需要牵引性能优异、且润滑性、稳定性优异的、具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物。
本发明基于上述观点而设,因此,其目的在于提供牵引性能优异、且润滑性、稳定性优异、具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物。
本发明人进行了深入研究,结果发现:通过配合具有特定的分子量、分子结构、以及运动粘度的基油,可实现上述目的。
本发明基于上述认识完成。
即,本发明提供:
1.具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,其特征在于:该组合物含有基油,该基油包含1种以上分子量为150-5000、分子中具有1个以上叔碳或季碳的下述(1)-(6)的化合物,在40℃下的运动粘度为2-1000mm2/秒:
(1)分子中具有2个以上环的脂环式烃化合物;
(2)多元醇和具有支链的羧酸的酯;
(3)脂环式多元羧酸和碳原子数1-18的醇的酯;
(4)聚丁烯;
(5)烷基苯和/或烷基萘,其中烷基为具有支链的烷基;
(6)在13C-NMR谱中,化学位移值在30-100ppm范围内的峰面积为全部峰面积的5-40%的石蜡类矿物油和/或通过环分析法得到的环烷成分为30-70质量%的环烷类矿物油。
2.上述1所述的具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,其中,分子中具有2个以上环的脂环式烃化合物是选自脂环化合物的二聚体的氢化物、具有2个以上环己烷环的烷烃衍生物、具有各1个以上萘烷环和环己基环的烷烃衍生物的化合物,其中脂环化合物的二聚体的氢化物选自双环[2.2.1]庚烷环化合物、双环[3.2.1]辛烷环化合物、双环[3.3.0]辛烷环化合物和双环[2.2.2]辛烷环化合物。
3.上述1所述的具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,其中,多元醇和具有支链的羧酸的酯是碳原子数为10-40的2-6元多元醇与碳原子数为3-20的具有支链的羧酸的酯。
4.上述1所述的具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,其中,脂环式多元羧酸和碳原子数1-18的醇的酯是通式(II)所示的化合物:
Figure G2007800326199D00031
式中,A表示环己烷环或环己烯环,R4表示氢原子或甲基,X表示氢原子或COOR7,Y表示氢原子或COOR8,R5、R6、R7、R8彼此相同或不同,表示碳原子数3-18的支链烷基、碳原子数3-10的环烷基、碳原子数1-18的直链烷基或碳原子数2-18的直链烯基。
5.上述1-4中任一项所述的具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,该润滑油组合物用于选自二氧化碳、烃、氢氟碳、氨的制冷剂。
6.冷冻类统,该冷冻类统采用上述1-5中任一项所述的具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物。
本发明的具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物在用于冷冻机的各种制冷剂气氛下的牵引性能优异,同时润滑性、稳定性优异。
实施发明的最佳方式
以下详细说明本发明。
首先,本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中使用的分子中含有1个以上叔碳或季碳的化合物必须是分子量为150-5000的化合物。
优选200-2000,更优选250-1500。
分子量为150以上,则润滑性良好,不必担心发生滑动部件的磨损或烧结,而分子量为5000以下,则低温性能良好,与制冷剂的相容性也没有问题。
本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中使用的分子中具有1个以上叔碳或季碳的化合物有以下(1)-(6)的化合物。
(1)分子中具有2个以上环的脂环式烃化合物;
(2)多元醇和具有支链的羧酸的酯;
(3)脂环式多元羧酸和碳原子数1-18的醇的酯;
(4)聚丁烯;
(5)烷基苯和/或烷基萘(烷基为具有支链的烷基);
(6)在13C-NMR谱中,化学位移值在30-100ppm范围内的峰面积为全部峰面积的5-40%的石蜡类矿物油和/或通过环分析法得到的环烷成分为30-70质量%的环烷类矿物油。
上述(1)的分子中具有2个以上环的脂环式烃化合物有:(i)选自双环[2.2.1]庚烷环化合物、双环[3.2.1]辛烷环化合物、双环[3.3.0]辛烷环化合物、双环[2.2.2]辛烷环化合物的至少一种脂环化合物的二聚体的氢化物、(ii)具有2个以上环己烷环的烷烃衍生物、以及(iii)具有各1个以上萘烷环和环己基环的烷烃衍生物。
上述(i)的选自双环[2.2.1]庚烷环化合物、双环[3.2.1]辛烷环化合物、双环[3.3.0]辛烷环化合物、双环[2.2.2]辛烷环化合物的至少一种脂环化合物的二聚体的氢化物中,优选双环[2.2.1]庚烷环化合物的二聚体的氢化物,例如有下述通式(I)所示的化合物:
Figure G2007800326199D00041
(式中,R1和R2分别表示氢原子或碳原子数1-3的烷基,R3表示支链上可具有甲基、乙基取代基的亚甲基、亚乙基或亚丙基,n表示0或1,p和q分别表示1-3的整数)。
通式(I)所示的化合物的具体例子有:外-2-甲基-外-3-甲基-内-2-[(内-3-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-外-2-基)甲基]双环[2.2.1]庚烷、外-2-甲基-外-3-甲基-内-2-[(内-2-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-外-3-基)甲基]双环[2.2.1]庚烷、内-2-甲基-外-3-甲基-外-2-[(外-3-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-外-2-基)甲基]双环[2.2.1]庚烷、内-2-甲基-外-3-甲基-外-2-[(外-2-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-外-3-基)甲基]双环[2.2.1]庚烷、内-2-甲基-外-3-甲基-外-2-[(内-3-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-内-2-基)甲基]双环[2.2.1]庚烷、内-2-甲基-外-3-甲基-外-2-[(内-2-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-内-3-基)甲基]双环[2.2.1]庚烷等。
作为通式(I)所示化合物的优选的制备方法,例如可以通过将可被甲基、乙基或丙基等烷基取代的下述烯烃依次进行二聚化、氢化、蒸馏处理获得。
上述原料烯烃例如有:3-亚甲基-2-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-3-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2,3-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-7-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2,7-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-5-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2,5-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-6-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2,6-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-1-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、1,2-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-4-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2,4-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-3,7-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2,3,7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-3,6-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2-亚甲基-3,3-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2,3,6-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、2-亚甲基-3-乙基双环[2.2.1]庚烷、2-甲基-3-乙基双环[2.2.1 ]庚-2-烯等。
作为二聚反应中使用的催化剂,通常使用酸性催化剂,例如优选使用三氟化硼二乙醚络合物、三氟化硼1.5水络合物、三氟化硼醇络合物等三氟化硼络合物。
二聚反应温度通常采用-70至100℃。
原料烯烃的二聚体的氢化反应通常也在催化剂的存在下进行,其催化剂可以是镍、钌、钯、铂、铑、铱等氢化催化剂。
通常,上述金属担载在硅藻土、氧化铝、活性碳、氧化硅铝等载体上使用,特别优选镍/硅藻土等的担载催化剂。
氢化反应温度通常为100-300℃,反应压力通常采用常压-19.6MPaG(200kg/cm2G)。
上述(ii)的具有2个以上环己烷环的烷烃衍生物的具体例子例如有:2,4-二环己基-2-甲基戊烷、2,4-二环己基戊烷、2,4-二环己基-2-甲基丁烷、1-十氢化萘基-1-环己基乙烷等。
上述(iii)的具有各1个以上萘烷环和环己基环的烷烃衍生物的具体例子有例如:1-环己基-1-萘烷基乙烷。
上述(2)的多元醇与具有支链的羧酸的酯有:碳原子数10-40的2-6元多元醇与碳原子数3-20的具有支链的羧酸的酯。
这种情况下的多元醇例如有:新戊二醇、三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、山梨醇等碳原子数2-20的2-6元多元醇。
具有支链的羧酸例如有:3-甲基己酸、2-乙基己酸、3,5,5-三甲基己酸、异壬酸、异癸酸、3,5,5,7,7-五甲基辛酸等碳原子数3-20的具有支链的羧酸。
本发明中使用的多元醇与具有支链的羧酸的酯分子中存在多个羧酸残基时,至少一个羧酸具有支链即可。
多元醇与具有支链的羧酸的酯可以通过使多元醇与具有支链的羧酸或其酯或酰卤等反应性衍生物反应获得。
上述(3)的脂环式多元羧酸与碳原子数1-18的醇的酯有通式(II)所示的酯:
Figure G2007800326199D00061
上式中,A表示环己烷环或环己烯环,R4表示氢原子或甲基,X表示氢原子或COOR7,Y表示氢原子或COOR8,R5、R6、R7、R8彼此相同或不同,表示碳原子数3-18的支链状烷基、碳原子数3-10的环烷基、碳原子数1-18的直链状烷基或碳原子数2-18的直链状烯基。
碳原子数1-18的醇有:碳原子数3-18的支链醇、碳原子数3-10的环醇或碳原子数1-18的直链醇。
碳原子数3-18的支链醇例如有:异丙醇、异丁醇、仲丁醇、异戊醇、异己醇、2-甲基己醇、1-甲基庚醇、2-甲基庚醇、异庚醇、2-乙基己醇、2-辛醇、异辛醇、3,5,5-三甲基己醇、异癸醇、异十一烷基醇、异十二烷基醇、异十三烷基醇、异十四烷基醇、异十五烷基醇、异十六烷基醇、异十八烷基醇、2,6-二甲基-4-庚醇、异壬醇。
碳原子数3-10的环醇例如有:环己醇、甲基环己醇、二甲基环己醇。
碳原子数1-18的直链醇例如有:甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇、正庚醇、正辛醇、正壬醇、正癸醇、正十一烷基醇、正十二烷基醇、正十三烷基醇、正十四烷基醇、正十五烷基醇、正十六烷基醇、正十八烷基醇、9-十八碳烯醇。
环己烷多元羧酸或环己烯多元羧酸例如有:1,2-环己烷二甲酸、4-环己烯-1,2-二甲酸、1-环己烯-1,2-二甲酸、1,3-环己烷二甲酸、1,4-环己烷二甲酸、3-甲基-1,2-环己烷二甲酸、4-甲基-1,2-环己烷二甲酸、3-甲基-4-环己烯-1,2-二甲酸、4-甲基-4-环己烯-1,2-二甲酸、1,2,4-环己烷三甲酸、1,3,5-环己烷三甲酸、1,2,4,5-环己烷四甲酸。
通式(II)所示的酯可通过使碳原子数1-18的醇与环己烷多元羧酸或环己烯多元羧酸、它们的酯或酰卤等反应性衍生物反应获得。
上述(4)的聚丁烯是在润滑油中常用的,是异丁烯的聚合物。异丁烯中可以含有其它的C4馏分例如正丁烯。
还可以使用聚合物的氢化物。
上述(5)的烷基苯和/或烷基萘需要烷基含有至少1个叔碳或季碳,即,为支链烷基。
具有支链的烷基优选碳原子数5-50的支链烷基,进一步优选碳原子数10-40的支链烷基。
上述(6)的石蜡类矿物油需要在13C-NMR谱中,化学位移值在30-100ppm范围内的峰面积为全部峰面积的5-40%,优选10-30%。
环烷类矿物油需要环烷类成分为30-70质量%,优选40-60质量%。
环烷类矿物油中的环烷成分是根据环分析(ASTM D2140)测定的值。
上述石蜡类矿物油和环烷类矿物油进一步优选硫成分为0.05质量%以下,更优选为0.03质量%以下。
本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中,可以使用1种上述(1)-(6)的化合物,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
上述含有分子中含有1个以上叔碳或季碳的化合物——上述(1)-(6)的化合物的润滑油在各种制冷剂下的牵引性能优异,在制冷剂气氛下的牵引系数为0.03以上。
本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中使用的基油含有70质量%以上、优选80质量%以上分子中含有1个以上叔碳或季碳的化合物。
除上述(1)-(6)的化合物之外,可配合的基材有:上述以外的矿物油、烷基苯、烷基萘等各种合成油。
本发明的包含100-70质量%分子中含有1个以上叔碳或季碳的化合物和0-30质量%其它基材的基油在40℃下的运动粘度需要在2-1000mm2/秒的范围内。
优选为5-500mm2/秒,更优选5-150mm2/秒。
运动粘度为2mm2/秒以上,则润滑性能良好,不必担心发生滑动部件的磨损或烧结,而运动粘度为1000mm2/秒以下,则低温性能良好,与制冷剂的相容性也没有问题。
本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中,作为润滑性提高剂,优选使用磷酸酯、酸性磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、酸性亚磷酸酯、硫代磷酸酯以及它们的胺盐等磷类润滑性提高剂。
该磷类润滑性提高剂的具体例子有:磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸三硫代苯酯、亚磷酸三(壬基苯酯)、亚磷酸二油基酯、亚磷酸2-乙基己基二苯基酯等。
磷类润滑性提高剂的配合量优选0.1-10质量%,更优选0.2-5质量%。
本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中优选配合环氧化合物。
环氧化合物的具体例子有:苯基缩水甘油基醚、烷基缩水甘油基醚、亚烷基二醇缩水甘油基醚、氧化环己烯、α-烯烃氧化物、环氧化大豆油等环氧化合物。
其中,从相容性的角度考虑,优选苯基缩水甘油基醚、烷基缩水甘油基醚、亚烷基二醇缩水甘油基醚、氧化环己烯、α-烯烃氧化物。
该烷基缩水甘油基醚的烷基、以及亚烷基二醇缩水甘油基醚的亚烷基可以具有支链,碳原子数通常为3-30,优选4-24,特别是6-16。
α-烯烃氧化物的总碳数通常为4-50,优选4-24,特别优选6-16。
酸捕获剂的配合量优选为0.1-10质量%,更优选0.2-5质量%。
本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中,优选配合酚类和/或芳族胺类的抗氧化剂。
酚类抗氧化剂的具体例子有:2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)等酚类,芳族胺类抗氧化剂的具体例子有:苯基-α-萘基胺、N,N’-二苯基-对苯二胺等芳族胺类等。
抗氧化剂的配合量优选0.1-10质量%,更优选0.2-5质量%。
本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中,优选配合硅油或氟化硅油等消泡剂。
消泡剂的配合量优选1-50ppm。
除上述磷类润滑性提高剂之外,还可以配合一硫化物类、多硫化物类、亚砜类、砜类、硫代亚磺酸酯类、硫化油脂、硫代碳酸酯类、噻吩类、噻唑类、甲磺酸酯类等有机硫化合物类;高级脂肪酸、羟基芳基脂肪酸类、含羧酸多元醇酯类、金属皂等脂肪酸类;多元醇酯类、丙烯酸酯类等脂肪酸酯类;氯化烃类、氯化羧酸衍生物等有机氯类;氟化脂族羧酸类、氟化乙烯树脂、氟化烷基聚硅氧烷类、氟化石墨等有机氟类;高级醇等醇类;环烷酸盐类(环烷酸铅)、脂肪酸盐类(脂肪酸铅)、硫代磷酸盐类(二烷基二硫代磷酸锌)、硫代氨基甲酸盐类、有机钼化合物、有机锡化合物、有机锗化合物、硼酸酯等金属化合物类等的润滑性提高剂。
本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物中可以根据需要添加以往冷冻机用润滑油组合物中使用的各种添加剂,例如金属钝化剂、清洁分散剂、运动粘度指数提高剂、油性剂、耐磨损添加剂、防锈剂、抗腐蚀剂、降凝剂等。
作为在本发明的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物适用的冷冻机中使用的制冷剂,也可以使用二氧化碳、R134a等氢氟碳、四氟甲烷(R14)、六氟乙烷(R116)、八氟丙烷(R218)等氟化合物,氨、丙烷、环丙烷、丁烷、异丁烷、戊烷等烃化合物。
实施例
下面通过实施例和比较例进一步详细说明本发明,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
各实施例和比较例中使用的基油的牵引系数、各实施例和比较例中得到的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物的性能可按以下所示要领求出。
(1)牵引系数
采用双圆筒实验仪进行测定。
在二氧化碳制冷剂(以5L/小时吹入)气氛下,将一对金属制圆筒(材质:轴承钢/SUJ-2,直径40mm,厚度10mm,硬度RC61,表面粗度Rms0.030μm,被驱动侧为曲率半径20mm的鼓型,驱动侧为没有凸面的平板型)相对而设,施加面压Pmax=1.1GPa的负荷,同时将两个圆筒以平均速度4.1m/秒(1960rpm)旋转,产生速度差,使两个圆筒的滑动比(驱动侧与被驱动侧的速度差除以平均速度所得的值%)为6%,测定此时在两个圆筒接触部分产生的切线力F(牵引力),测定牵引系数μ(=F/147.1)。
测定油温为80℃。
(2)密封管实验
向玻璃管中加入Fe、Cu、Al作为催化剂,进一步填充压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物1g/4mL制冷剂(二氧化碳)[水分200ppm]、空气200托,密封。
在175℃下保持30天,然后评价油外观、催化剂外观、总酸值和是否有油泥。
(3)密闭Falex试验
使用Falex试验仪,销/块材料为AISIC1137/SAE3135。安装该销/块,向试验容器内填充100 g压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物、1MPa二氧化碳,然后在转数为300rpm,温度80℃、载荷1335 N、实验时间1小时下进行磨损实验,测定针磨损量(mg)。
(4)其它测定方法
按照下述标准进行测定。
运动粘度(40℃):JIS K 2283
制备例1:双环[2.2.1]庚烷环化合物的二聚体的氢化物的制备
向1L不锈钢制高压釜中加入350.5g(5mol)巴豆醛和198.3g(1.5mol)二环戊二烯,在170℃下搅拌2小时使其反应。
将反应溶液冷却至室温,然后加入22g 5%钌-碳催化剂[NEChemcat(株)制备],在氢压6.86MPa(70kg/cm2)G、反应温度180℃下进行4小时的氢化。
冷却后滤除催化剂,然后在70℃/0.12kPa(0.9mmHg)下蒸馏滤液,得到242g。
将该馏分用质谱、核磁共振谱进行分析,结果确认该馏分为2-羟基甲基-3-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷。
接着,向外径20mm、长500mm的石英玻璃制流通式常压反应管中加入15g γ-氧化铝(日化精工(株)制备,Norton Alumina SA-6273),在反应温度270℃、重量空间速度(WHSV)1.07小时-1下进行脱水反应,得到196g含有65质量%2-亚甲基-3-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷和28质量%2,3-二甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯的2-羟基甲基-3-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷的脱水反应产物。
向500mL四颈烧瓶中加入9.5g活性白土(水泽化学(株)制备,GALLEON EARTH NS)和190g上述得到的烯烃化合物,在145℃下搅拌3小时,进行二聚反应。
从该反应混合物中过滤出活性白土,然后向1L高压釜中加入6g氢化用的镍/硅藻土催化剂[日挥化学(株)制备,N-113],在氢压3.92MPa(40kg/cm2)G、反应温度160℃、反应时间4小时的条件下进行氢化反应。
反应结束后,通过过滤除去催化剂,减压蒸馏滤液,得到116g作为目标的沸点126-128℃/0.027kPa(0.2mmHg)的馏分的二聚体氢化物。
将该馏分用质谱、核磁共振谱进行分析,结果确认该馏分是分子中具有2个降冰片烷环的、通式(I)所示的碳原子数18的饱和烃(分子量246)。
其性状如下:
运动粘度:21.80mm2/秒(40℃)
实施例1-8和比较例1
按表1所示的比例配合下述基油、润滑性提高剂、酸捕获剂、抗氧化剂和消泡剂,制备压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,对于这些压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物进行性能评价。
结果如表1所示。
(基油)
A1:制备例1的化合物[运动粘度:21.80mm2/秒(40℃)]
A2:2,4-二环己基-2-甲基戊烷[SANTOTRAC50,Findett制备,运动粘度:21.8mm2/秒(40℃)]
A3:环烷类矿物油[环烷成分:40质量%,硫成分:0.03质量%,运动粘度:56mm2/秒(40℃)]
A4:石蜡类矿物油[在13C-NMR谱中,化学位移值在30-100ppm范围内的峰面积为全部峰面积的30%,运动粘度:100mm2/秒(40℃)]
13C-NMR谱测定条件如下。
装置:日本电子(株)制造的JNM-EX400型13C-NMR装置
方法:质子全去偶法
浓度:250mg/l mL
溶剂:氘代氯仿(CDCL3)
温度:23.2℃
脉冲宽度:45°
脉冲重复时间:3.0秒
积分:10000次
A5:聚丁烯[运动粘度:68mm2/秒(40℃)]
A6:聚-α-烯烃[运动粘度:63mm2/秒(40℃)]
A7:季戊四醇的2-乙基己酸/3,5,5-三甲基己酸(1/1)混合物的酯[运动粘度:65mm2/秒(40℃)]
A8:聚丙二醇[运动粘度:42mm2/秒(40℃)]
(润滑性提高剂、酸捕获剂、抗氧化剂和消泡剂)
B1:润滑性提高剂:磷酸三甲苯酯
B2:酸捕获剂:C14α-烯烃氧化物
B3:抗氧化剂:2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚
B4:消泡剂:硅类消泡剂
Figure G2007800326199D00141
由表1可知,实施例的润滑油组合物的牵引性能优异,在二氧化碳制冷剂下的牵引系数为0.03以上,可变速时的动力传递能力优异,同时稳定性、润滑性优异。
比较例的润滑油组合物的牵引性能低,在二氧化碳制冷剂下的牵引系数为0.01,稳定性、润滑性不良。
产业实用性
本发明涉及压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物,可用作汽车空调、气体热泵(GHP)、空调、冰箱、自动售货机、陈列柜、给热水、地暖气等的冷冻机油。

Claims (3)

1.具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物在具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机中的用途,所述压缩型冷冻机使用选自二氧化碳、烃、氢氟碳中的任一种作为制冷剂,其中,
所述润滑油组合物含有基油,该基油包含分子量为150-5000、分子中具有1个以上叔碳或季碳的下述(1)的化合物,在40℃下的运动粘度为2-1000mm2/秒,
酸捕获剂的配合量为0.1~10质量%,
所述润滑油组合物在油温80℃下通过双圆筒实验仪测定的制冷剂气氛下的牵引系数为0.03以上,
(1)分子中具有2个以上环的脂环式烃化合物。
2.权利要求1所述的用途,其中,在分子中具有2个以上环的脂环式烃化合物是选自双环[2.2.1]庚烷环化合物的二聚体的氢化物、和具有2个以上环己烷环的烷烃衍生物中的化合物。
3.冷冻系统,该冷冻系统采用权利要求1或2所述的用途中所用的上述具有牵引机构的压缩式冷冻机用润滑油组合物和上述制冷剂。
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