CN101497870A - Microbial complex bacterial agent and use thereof - Google Patents
Microbial complex bacterial agent and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101497870A CN101497870A CNA2009100787158A CN200910078715A CN101497870A CN 101497870 A CN101497870 A CN 101497870A CN A2009100787158 A CNA2009100787158 A CN A2009100787158A CN 200910078715 A CN200910078715 A CN 200910078715A CN 101497870 A CN101497870 A CN 101497870A
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- Prior art keywords
- microbial inoculum
- aspergillus oryzae
- saccharomyces cerevisiae
- streptomyces microflavus
- palustris
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a microorganism compound microbial inoculum, the strains of which comprise bacillus, soil actinomycetes, microzyme, mildew and photosynthetic bacteria. By using the microbial inoculum for straw fermentation, a result indicates that the microbial inoculum can make straws quickly decay and transfer to organic fertilizer required for the growth of plants, thereby the content of soil humus is increased, and the content of microorganism and trace elements in soil is improved. The physicochemical property of soil is improved, and the capability of water and fertility preserving of soil is increased. The soil permeability can also be improved so as to inhibit the happening of crop pests, and the output and quality of products can be improved. The microbial inoculum has the advantages of convenient use, low cost and obvious effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of complex microbial inoculum and application thereof.
Background technology
Stalk is the general name of ripe farm crop cauline leaf (fringe) part.Be often referred to wheat, paddy rice, corn, potato class, oil plant, cotton, sugarcane or other farm crop remainder behind the results seed.The photosynthetic product of farm crop has over half being present in the stalk, is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter etc. in the stalk, is a kind of multiduty renewable biological source that has.
China is with a long history to utilizing of crop material, but because level of agricultural production is low, crop yield is low, so stalk quantity is few, and stalk is used for the stack retting fertilizer except that being used for packing ring, pasture, part on a small quantity, and major part has all been burnt as life fuel.Along with the development of China's agriculture production, since the eighties in 20th century, grain yield significantly improves, and stalk quantity also increases rapidly, the popularization of firewood-saving and coal-saving technology in the rural area in addition, and burn popularizing of coal and liquefied gas, making has a large amount of remaining stalks in the rural area.In the face of the stalk that increases year by year, also especially effectively do not utilize method at present.Especially the southern vast Rural areas of China, whenever " double rush for harvesting and sowing " season, the agricultural crop straw that this season produces is because at short notice can not be at the field decomposition, thereby influences the plantation of next batch crop, and many peasants burn stalk Tanaka.Though China prohibites burning straw, for want of effective straw utilization method, the phenomenon of burning straw still happens occasionally.Burning straw not only can destroy soil, waste resource, also can pollute environment in the farmland.Do not have the incendiary stalk because of can not be in time also the field pile up, so also can cause the pollution of environment, also can cause simultaneously because of the effectively also soil organic matter content reduction that causes of field of stalk.In recent years, along with being extensive use of of chemical fertilizer, plant husbandry output increases greatly, but use chemical fertilizer in a large number for years, also bring severe side effect to soil: because of soil organic matter content reduces, the microecological balance of soil is destroyed, and component proportions is seriously lacked of proper care; Soil hardening hardens, and soil fertility is degenerated year by year, protects fertile water-retentivity and reduces greatly; The soil-borne disease aggravation increases pesticide dosage, and agriculture input cost strengthens; The quality of crop significantly reduces; Agroecological environment is destroyed, and causes that the hazard residue thing exceeds standard in the agricultural-food, the serious harm human health.Thereby the problem of the solution soil improvement that begins one's study in the world wide, so bio-feritlizer has entered people's the visual field.Thereby prepare and a kind ofly can utilize this natural resources of straw, make it to be converted into the plant desired nutritional by decomposition, thereby improve the microbiobacterial agent of Soil structure, become the focus of present bio-feritlizer development.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of complex microbial inoculum and application thereof.
Complex microbial inoculum provided by the present invention, its activeconstituents comprises genus bacillus, soil actinomycete, yeast, mould and photosynthetic bacteria.
In the above-mentioned microbial inoculum, described genus bacillus is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), described soil actinomycete is streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), described yeast is yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomycescerevisiae), described mould is aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), and described photosynthetic bacteria is Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris).
The colony forming unit number of described subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) is than being (2-8): (1-6): (2-8): (4-7): (2-5), specifically can be (4-6): (2-4): (4-6): (5-6): (4-5).
In the above-mentioned microbial inoculum, described subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) specifically can be subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC11089; Described streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) specifically can be streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) ACCC40027; Described yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomycescerevisiae) specifically can be yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ACCC20063; Described aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) specifically can be aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) ACCC30155; Described Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris) specifically can be Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudanonaspalustris) ACCC10649.
The bacterial classification of complex microbial inoculum provided by the present invention is formed also can only have by described subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomycescerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudanonaspalustris) and is formed.
In the above-mentioned microbial inoculum, described subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), streptomyces microflavus (Streptomycesmicroflavus), yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) can be distinguished independent packaging, also may be mixed together.
Complex microbial inoculum of the present invention can be liquid bacterial agent, also can be solid fungicide, adds absorption carrier and can obtain solid fungicide in liquid bacterial agent.
In the above-mentioned solid fungicide, the activeconstituents in the described liquid bacterial agent and the proportioning of described absorption carrier are (1 * 10
8-2 * 10
8) the CFU spore: the 1g absorption carrier.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of straw organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
The preparation method of straw organic fertilizer provided by the present invention is to obtain straw organic fertilizer with above-mentioned complex microbial inoculum fermented stalk.
Adopt the straw organic fertilizer of method for preparing also to belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Microbial inoculum of the present invention can make the rapid decomposition of stalk, change into the required organic fertilizer of plant-growth, thereby increase the content of agron, improve content and the content of elements of microorganism in the soil, and then reach and improve soil physico-chemical property, increase soil water-retaining, protect fertile ability, can also improve soil permeability, suppress the generation of crop pest, improve crop yield and quality.Microbial inoculum of the present invention is easy to use, cost is low, effect is obvious.
Embodiment
Experimental technique described in the following embodiment if no special instructions, is ordinary method; Described reagent and biomaterial if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
The preparation of embodiment 1, complex microbial inoculum
1, the switching of bacterial classification is cultivated
Subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC11089 is inoculated in the subtilis switching substratum of pH7.0, cultivated 24-48 hour for 30 ℃.Consisting of of subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC11089 switching substratum: peptone 5.0g/L, NaCl5.0g/L, extractum carnis 3.0g/L, agar 15.0g/L, all the other are water.
Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ACCC20063 is inoculated in wort agar substratum (Wort Agar) (composes scientific instrument company limited available from last Hai'an, article No.: CFAH-1-05448-0500), cultivated 48-72 hour for 30 ℃.
ACCC30155 is inoculated in the czapek's solution with aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), cultivates 48-72 hour for 30 ℃.Consisting of of czapek's solution: sucrose 30g/L, MgSO
47H
2O0.5g/L, FeSO
44H
2O0.01g/L, NaNO
33g/L, KCl0.5g/L, K
2HPO
41g/L, agar 15g/L, all the other are water.
Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) ACCC10649 is inoculated in the following substratum of pH6.8-7.0 by 10% volume ratio, and 30-32 ℃, intensity of illumination are to cultivate 3-5 days under the 800-1000LX condition, obtain fermented liquid.This moment, fermented liquid reddened, and contained the spore count of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) ACCC10649 greater than 5 * 10 in every milliliter of fermented liquid
8CFU.
Consisting of of the substratum of cultivation Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) ACCC10649: peptone 3.0g/L, yeast extract paste 3.0g/L, ammonium sulfate 0.5g/L, calcium chloride 0.3g/L, all the other are water.
Streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) ACCC40027 is inoculated in the following substratum of pH7.2-7.4 by 10% volume ratio, 28-30 ℃ shaking culture 72-96 hour, 200 rev/mins of shaking speed obtain fermented liquid.
Consisting of of the substratum of cultivation streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) ACCC40027: KNO
31g/L, Zulkovsky starch 20.0g/L, K
2HPO
40.5g/L, MgSO
47H
2O0.5g/L, NaCl0.5g/L, FeSO
47H
2O0.01g/L, all the other are water.
2, culture of strains
Subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC11089 of above-mentioned steps 1 is inoculated in the PD substratum of pH7.4 that the glucose final concentration is 20g/L by 10% volume ratio, 30 ℃ shaking culture 48-72 hour, 200 rev/mins of shaking speed obtain fermented liquid.
Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ACCC20063 of above-mentioned steps 1 and aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) ACCC30155 are inoculated in the PD substratum of nature pH by 10% volume ratio respectively, 30 ℃ shaking culture 48-72 hour, 140 rev/mins of shaking speed obtain fermented liquid.
Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) ACCC10649 of above-mentioned steps 1 is inoculated in the following substratum of pH6.8-7.0 by 10% volume ratio, 30-32 ℃, intensity of illumination are to cultivate 3-5 days under the 800-1000LX condition, obtain fermented liquid.This moment, fermented liquid reddened, and contained Rhodopseudomonas palustris greater than 5 * 10 in every milliliter of fermented liquid
8CFU.
Consisting of of the substratum of cultivation Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) ACCC10649: peptone 3.0g/L, yeast powder 3.0g/L, manganous sulfate 0.5g/L, calcium chloride 0.3g/L, all the other are water.
Streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) ACCC40027 of above-mentioned steps 1 is inoculated in the following substratum of pH7.2-7.4 by 10% volume ratio, 28-30 ℃ shaking culture 72-96 hour, 200 rev/mins of shaking speed obtain fermented liquid.
Consisting of of the substratum of cultivation streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) ACCC40027: KNO
31g/L, Zulkovsky starch 20.0g/L, K
2HPO
40.5g/L, MgSO
47H
2O0.5g/L, NaCl 0.5g/L, FeSO
47H
2O 0.01g/L, all the other are water.
3, the preparation of complex microbial inoculum
With above-mentioned subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC11089, streptomyces microflavus (Streptomycesmicroflavus) ACCC40027, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ACCC20063, the fermented liquid of aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) ACCC30155 and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudanonas palustris) ACCC10649 than mixing, makes subtilis in the mixed solution (Bacillussubtilis) ACCC11089 according to certain volume, streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) ACCC40027, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ACCC20063, the colony forming unit number of aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) ACCC30155 and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudanonas palustris) ACCC10649 is than being (4-6): (2-4): (4-6): (5-6): (4-5); Then according to every (1 * 10
8-2 * 10
8) amount of CFU spore adds 1g absorption carrier-wheat bran, obtains complex microbial inoculum.
Embodiment 2, utilize complex microbial inoculum to prepare straw organic fertilizer and promote increasing production of rice test
2007, the complex microbial inoculum that utilizes the foregoing description 1 to prepare in Fanchang County, Anhui Province prepared straw organic fertilizer and promotes the test of increasing production of rice.The rice terrace of this county is commonly middle-and-low-yielding fields, uses chemical fertilizer over the years soil organic matter content is reduced year after year, influences rice yield and quality.Select for use soil fertility evenly, middle fertility, preceding crop is a paddy rice, planting system be the plot of " paddy rice one paddy rice " as testing the field, rice varieties is II excellent 129.
The completely random block design is adopted in test, is divided into 3 processing, is respectively stalk+microbial inoculum group, stalk group and control group; 3 sub-districts are established in each processing, 0.1 mu of each sub-district area.Each treatment group is except that the fertilising difference, and other field management are all identical.
Behind the rice harvesting with the stalk lay in the experimental plot, the complex microbial inoculum and the 3kg urea of 2kg the foregoing description 1 preparation is used in stalk+every mu of experimental plot of microbial inoculum group, 3kg urea is used in every mu of experimental plot of stalk group, and control group is then without complex microbial inoculum and urea.Pour water then and soak the field, depth of water 7-10 centimetre.Different time points is observed the situation of becoming thoroughly decomposed of stalk, compares the stalk decomposition changing conditions of stalk+microbial inoculum group and stalk group from aspects such as water colour, culm colour, feel, pulling force and smells, and the result is as shown in table 1.
The stalk of the table 1 different treatment situation of becoming thoroughly decomposed
The result shows that two weeks are after the stalk decomposition that the microbial inoculum of the foregoing description 1 is handled is more obvious, and decomposition speed is very fast.
The experimental plot of above-mentioned each treatment group more every mu use 35kg volatile salt, the general calcium of 25kg and 7.5kg Repone K as topdressing, topdress and use the following batch paddy rice of two weeks back plantation, write down the upgrowth situation of paddy rice, compare output.Upgrowth situation and the output of each treatment group paddy rice are as shown in table 2.
Upgrowth situation and the output of each treatment group paddy rice of table 2
As can be seen from Table 2, straw-returning has very big promoter action to paddy growth, can increase the output of paddy rice; The complex microbial inoculum of the foregoing description 1 preparation can quicken the rice straw decomposition, thereby can change the situation of various nutrients in the soil, and the complex microbial inoculum of using the foregoing description 1 preparation is more obvious to promotes growth and the production-increasing function of paddy rice; Also handled a large amount of residue stalks simultaneously, therefore, the complex microbial inoculum of the foregoing description 1 preparation is specially adapted to two areas that the time in summer is short, season is tight and uses.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of complex microbial inoculum, its activeconstituents comprises genus bacillus, soil actinomycete, yeast, mould and photosynthetic bacteria.
2, microbial inoculum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described genus bacillus is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), described soil actinomycete is streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), described yeast is yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), described mould is aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), and described photosynthetic bacteria is Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris).
3, microbial inoculum according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the colony forming unit number of described subtilis (Bacillussubtilis), streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomycescerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonaspalustris) is than being (2-8): (1-6): (2-8): (4-7): (2-5), be preferably (4-6): (2-4): (4-6): (5-6): (4-5).
4, according to arbitrary described microbial inoculum among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC11089; Described streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) is streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) ACCC40027; Described yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ACCC20063; Described aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) is aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) ACCC30155; Described Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudanonas palustris) is Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) ACCC10649.
5, according to arbitrary described microbial inoculum among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: comprise absorption carrier in the described microbial inoculum, the proportioning of activeconstituents and described absorption carrier is (1 * 10 in the described microbial inoculum
8-2 * 10
8) the CFU spore: the 1g absorption carrier.
6, according to arbitrary described microbial inoculum among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: in the described microbial inoculum, the independent packaging respectively of described subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris).
7, according to arbitrary described microbial inoculum among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: in the described microbial inoculum, described subtilis (Bacillussubtilis), streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudamonas palustris) mix.
8, the application of arbitrary described microbial inoculum in the preparation straw organic fertilizer among the claim 1-7.
9, a kind of method for preparing straw organic fertilizer is with arbitrary described bacteria fermentation stalk among the claim 1-7, obtains organic fertilizer.
10, the straw organic fertilizer for preparing by the described method of claim 9.
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Inventor after: Yu Zhou Inventor after: Ning Guozan Inventor after: Zhao Haiyan Inventor after: Jiang Jinpeng Inventor after: Zhang Changxian Inventor before: Yu Zhou Inventor before: Ning Guozan Inventor before: Zhao Haiyan Inventor before: Jiang Jinpeng |
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