CN101481281A - Comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land and use method thereof - Google Patents

Comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land and use method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101481281A
CN101481281A CNA2009100664980A CN200910066498A CN101481281A CN 101481281 A CN101481281 A CN 101481281A CN A2009100664980 A CNA2009100664980 A CN A2009100664980A CN 200910066498 A CN200910066498 A CN 200910066498A CN 101481281 A CN101481281 A CN 101481281A
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treatment agent
comprehensive treatment
soil
alkaline land
soda
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CN101481281B (en
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崔湘浩
赵渊
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Zhongnong wanglian (Beijing) Technology Development Co. Ltd.
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XINSHIJI AGRICULTURE SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd JILIN
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a soda saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment agent and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of control agents for improving moderate and severe soda salinization. The comprehensive treatment agent consists of a modifier and an organic fertilizer, wherein, components of the modifier comprise humic acid, zeolite, a acid conditioner, fly ash and furfural residue; and the components of the organic fertilizer comprise fermented chicken manure, crushed straw and wood vinegar liquid. The comprehensive treatment agent is applied at 13-17t per 1 hectare of saline-alkali land before harrowing and transplanting. The action mechanism of the soda saline alkali land comprehensive treatment agent integrate physical and chemical functions of chemical salifying, complexing, neutralizing, ion exchange, adsorption, desorption, passivation, fixing, preventing salt accumulation, emulsion breaking and like; which increase CEC by times, desorbs and leaches base and basic group in soil, significantly decrease the pH value, greatly reduce soluble Na<+> ions; and a formed anti-salt accumulation plow pan structure really takes effect of 'salt isolation' and 'alkali decrease', thus realizing rice harvest in the same year of construction and cultivation.

Description

Comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land and using method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs in the improvement, severe soda alkaline land chemical control preparation technique field.
Technical background
Saline-alkali soil is the general name of solonchak and alkaline earth.The soil salinization is meant that salt and alkali component accumulates under nature or artificial factor in the soil body, make the soil-forming process that the soil of other type develops to saline soil gradually.Its mechanism be in the efflorescence of ore easily leaching and very easily the salt of leaching be divided into the main compound that accumulates in the soil body, i.e. NaCl, Na 2SO 4, NaHCO 3, MgCO 3, MgSO 4, MgCO 3, CaSO 4, CaCO 3Deng.
The damaging effect of saline soil generally refers to, because the solubility salinity is too much in the soil, seed and crop root suction difficulty have a strong impact on the normal fertility of germination and crop.And the overwhelming majority of solubility salinity is a sodium salt, and sodium ion is many, makes the soil colloid dispersion and emulsion, and then stable emulsion state more of matter is planted in corruption, occurs superly appearing that to resemble rice transplanting also impossible in one's mind.And, make soil sticking heavy, air permeability is poor, the water-swellable mire, dehydration is shunk hard.In addition, too much sodium ion presents alkali reaction, directly destroys plant tissue, and crop root is also perishable, influences nutrient and transforms, and the fertile element of multivalence yin, yang ions such as phosphate fertilizer and trace element can not be dissolved, and makes fertilizer become disarmed state.
Salinification has become worldwide problem, about 9.5 hundred million hectares of its salinification area accounts for 10% of global land area, is distributed in more than 80 countries and regions, and soil secondary salinization area in the whole world constantly increases, and 1,000 hectares of soils arranged approximately because secondary salinization is letted a piece of farmland go to waste and abandoned every year.The saline soil total area of China reaches 9,913 ten thousand hectares, and about 75% saline soil is also effectively administered and rational exploitation and utilization.Mainly be distributed in the basin and the ground such as Hexi Corridor, Yinchuan Plain, the Yellow River and Huai He River sea plain and song-Nen plain in Huaihe River-Qinling Mountains-to the north of Kun Lun Mountain one line, wherein the saltings of song-Nen plain belongs to three large stretch of soda alkaline land areal concentration territories, the world, and area reaches 2,390,000 hectares.In addition, on the shoreline, also has large-area marine solonchak.
Human existing for a long time with soil salinization fight.At present abroad,, lay particular emphasis on big row and irrigate, forecast and prevent secondary salinization measure because time hair salt alkalization is serious.Make great efforts to build ecological province in Jilin Province, and utilize biological plantation ruling by law reason saltings all to obtain gratifying achievement.China also has a lot of people to carry out a large amount of research and practice in order to administer saline soil.Also have much about administering the saline soil patent,, utilize calcium superphosphate, calcium sulfate, the gas permeable material and the modifying agent of thick organic composition that become thoroughly decomposed as saline soil as patent CN101012380A (2007.8.8); Patent CN1923949A (2007.2.7) is with polyacrylic acid (PAA) mixed dissolution pyroligneous liquor, and plant hormone makes up as modifying agent, has not only considered reduction pH value but also consider that the promotion plant grows up; Patent CN1676570A (2005.10.5) is main component with Tai-Ace S 150, spreads fertilizer over the fields 0.3-1.0 tons/hm 2, disposable employed before spring sowing, when reducing the pH value soil physical and chemical performance is restored.
At present, administering the saltings is to carry out on a certain geographic microcell and its top layer, according to the second law of thermodynamics as can be known, the diffusive equilibrium of salt alkali concn is △ G＜0 in the balance of the ground water table that this zone exists and the water, it is the process that free energy reduces, be the process of a spontaneous generation, just said accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali is the process that must take place.So, administer the saltings do not take anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali measure to make improvement work halfway possibly and take, all that has been achieved is spoiled.Naturally, in patent, also should comprise this content.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, through study and the summary work that forefathers did, success or failure experience in research by in these years and the practice is learnt from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses again, sums up the soda alkaline land that makes new advances and administers theoretical pattern " top layer (topsoil) desalination (neutralization), isolation accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali "; And accomplish the comprehensive regulation, must the land used combination of increasing soil fertility be combined with water conservancy,, walk the road of ecological agriculture kind rice, administer agent and develop a kind of soda alkaline land again with the fertilizer combination.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land, comprehensive treatment agent is made up of modifying agent and fertilizer, and wherein the component of modifying agent is humic acids 40% by weight, zeolite 30%, acid amendment 20%, flyash 5%, furfural dregs 5%; The component of fertilizer is fermentation poultry dung 45% by weight, crushed straw 50%, pyroligneous liquor 5%; The weight ratio of modifying agent and fertilizer is 1:1.
Described acid amendment is that sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid are or/and phosphoric acid.
The using method of comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land of the present invention is to use before the rice transplanting of raking the soil level, and consumption is that the per hectare saltings is used 13～17 tons.
The mechanism of action that soda alkaline land of the present invention is administered agent is the integrated chemical salify, complexing, neutralization, ion-exchange, adsorption desorption, passivation is an one with fixing and physical chemistry functions such as the anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil and breakdown of emulsion, to improve soil CEC (cation exchange capacity) is the function of tonic chord, in case after the improvement agent was adsorbed by mixing with soil, CEC significantly improved, divalent ion Ca 2+, Mg 2+Deng displacement and bonding force strengthen the CO in the soil colloid 3 2-, HCO 3 -, Cl -, Na +By desorption drip washing, significantly reduce the pH value, solubility Na Deng alkali, base +Ion significantly reduces, and the anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil plough sole structure that forms, and really plays " every salt ", and ground results rice is constructed, plants then in the effect of " pressure alkali " then.
The needed nutrient of plant is constantly to accumulate and Ca is provided by the fixing and mineralisation process that soda alkaline land is administered agent 2+, Mg 2+, K +Be present on the organic surface of improvement agent etc. alkaline nutritive substance, and micro-Mn 2+, Cu 2+, Fe 2+, Zn 2+Deng then existing with the organic form complexed of administering agent.
In using comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land of the present invention, use the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of draining simultaneously at comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land.
On engineering, the draining desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is to realize one of another key measure that the saltings is administered, and the field drainage channel is lower than 0.5 meter in field face, is beneficial to draining and lowering of watertable.Shallow-dark-shallow water layer irrigation in the time of infertility that the above saltings of moderate should be adopted is risen thereby suppress salinity.
Improvement agent of the present invention combination is to be the function of tonic chord to improve soil CEC, has selected for use humic acids and zeolite as main ingredient.Because humic-acid-type substances can effectively reduce soil pH value, the structure of improving the soil, culture fertility is realized combining the use of land with the nurturing of land, and improves the ecological condition of soda alkaline land paddy growth.Soda alkaline land paddy field application of organic fertilizers has the meaning of particularly important, because the fermentation fertilizer plays a part similar humic acids in the improvement saltings.And with low cost, simple and easy to do, strong operability.Fertilizer is rich in N, P, K various nutrient elements, and the fertilizer efficiency time is long.Obviously reduce Na in the soil solution +Exchangeability Na in ionic concn and the soil colloid +Content, soil agreegate increases, perviousness strengthens greatly.In order further to recover the physics and chemistry of soil, the auxiliary flyash, acid amendment and furfural dregs selected for use.Consider that the ecological agriculture selected the chicken manure that fermented for use, crushed straw and pyroligneous liquor.In addition, the plough sole that the cooperation of these components also can be played under the topsoil of rice field forms anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil structure, neither blocks, again the plough sole structure of the suitable Rice Production of the accumulation of salt in the surface soil not.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with concrete instance.
Embodiment 1:
Extensively fetching the severe soda saline-alkali soil (pH=10.58) of 0～30cm depth layer from Daan City, Baicheng Prefecture, Jilin Province peace weighs up 27.89kg after air-dry and puts in the utensil, add 26.49 premium on currency, after steeping three days, (weight combinations is than being humic acids 40% to add the 204.60g modifying agent, zeolite 30%, acid amendment 20%, flyash 5%, furfural dregs 5%) took out soil-like every 5 days, back (1mm grain) is sieved with No. 18 sieves in air-dry back, detect soluble salt and CEC, carried out altogether 15 days, experiment condition and result (see Table 1 and table 2) are as follows.
Experiment condition
Utensil: cone diameter 35.00cm, high 43.00cm, area 961.63cm 2
Soil is heavy: 27.89kg water: 26.49L soil weight 1.45g/cm 3
Modifying agent: 204.60g (soil heavy 0.73%).
Temperature: 8 ℃.
Fate: front and back 18 days, bubble soil 3 days was tested 15 days.
The variation of soluble salt content and composition in table 1 experiment
Sample number S-1 S-2 S-3
Fate 0 10 15
pH 10.58 6.02 5.93
K +(mg/kg) 136.12 95.13 /
Na +(mg/kg) 6511.45 4020.91 3566.15
Ca ++(mg/kg) 2217.10 2950.18 3083.82
Mg ++(mg/kg) 10.90 112.83 131.65
HCO 3 -(mg/kg) 3498.47 2401.94 849.60
Cl -(mg/kg) 303.46 286.62 92.03
SO 4 --(mg/kg) 43.20 41.21 25.63
NO 3 -(mg/kg) 1.75 1.62 0.87
Saliferous (%) 2.13 1.65 1.12
CEC changes with composition in table 2 experiment
Sample number E-1 E-2 E-3 E-4
Fate 0 5 10 15
pH 10.58 8.43 6.02 5.93
CEC(mmol/100g) 92.91 117.32 137.58 165.65
ESP(％) 57.81 44.10 46.30 28.60
K +(mg/kg) 1255.86 764.81 598.44 95.60
Na +(mg/kg) 4646.62 4110.25 4196.43 1546.63
Ca ++(mg/kg) 2050.61 4279.84 4135.61 2274.05
Mg ++(mg/kg) 84.42 145.83 140.12 90.21
Present embodiment is as the once experiment in the modifying agent Study on mechanism, and analytical value is detected by Jilin University scientific experiment center and provides.
Embodiment 2:
Peace is wide in Daan City, Baicheng Prefecture, Jilin Province, and area 11000m delimited on heavy salinized ground (pH=10.35) 2, 10000m wherein 2Do the modifying agent experiment, 1000m 2As the check plot.
Plough with tractor spring, pours water the soaked field after three days, adds 8.5 tons of modifying agents (weight combinations ratio: humic acids 40%, zeolite 30%, acid amendment 20%, flyash 5%, furfural dregs 5%); Add 8.5 tons of fertilizers (weight combinations ratio: full fermentation poultry dung 45%, straw is broken 50%, pyroligneous liquor 5%), suitably mix, spend 10 days and harrow a field with tractor smooth, rice transplanting.The paddy rice growing way of having crossed the about two months trial plot is glossy and green, and check plot 60～70% rice seedlings have become obvious contrast entirely in the dust.The rice of trial plot does not go out the fringe maturation unusually on time, and results obtain the 7000kg rice after autumn, successfully realizes saltings construct then improvement, Shou Huo prominent success then.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land is characterized in that, comprehensive treatment agent is made up of modifying agent and fertilizer, and wherein the component of modifying agent is humic acids 40% by weight, zeolite 30%, acid amendment 20%, flyash 5%, furfural dregs 5%; The component of fertilizer is fermentation poultry dung 45% by weight, crushed straw 50%, pyroligneous liquor 5%; The weight ratio of modifying agent and fertilizer is 1: 1.
According to the described comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, described acid amendment is that sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid are or/and phosphoric acid.
3, a kind of using method of comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land of claim 1 is characterized in that, uses before the rice transplanting of raking the soil level, and consumption is that 1 hectare of saltings is used 13～17 tons.
According to the using method of the described comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land of claim 3, it is characterized in that 4, comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land is used the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of draining simultaneously.
CN2009100664980A 2009-02-03 2009-02-03 Comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land and use method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN101481281B (en)

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Cited By (36)

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CN101831305A (en) * 2010-04-29 2010-09-15 长春工业大学 Soda type saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof
CN101851894A (en) * 2010-07-01 2010-10-06 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Protection method for improving salt expansion or dissolution sink of salty soil
CN102172116A (en) * 2011-01-20 2011-09-07 张殿锡 Method for comprehensively modifying saline and alkaline land
CN101659869B (en) * 2009-09-16 2011-09-21 黑龙江省农科院农村能源研究所 Special organic compound modifier used in carbonate-type paddy fields and preparation method thereof
CN102349371A (en) * 2011-08-07 2012-02-15 吉林省农业科学院 Method for quickly desalting, dealkalizing and ploughing soda saline-alkali paddy field
CN102703088A (en) * 2012-05-23 2012-10-03 浙江农林大学 Saline-alkali soil improved medicament and saline-alkali soil improved afforestation and soil preparation method
CN102845203A (en) * 2012-09-07 2013-01-02 大连民族学院 Method for planting alfalfa in moderately severe alkaline sulfuric acid saline soil on large scale
CN102910982A (en) * 2011-08-01 2013-02-06 王志强 Zeolite-containing bio-organic fertilizer for reducing reducing salt and alkali contents
WO2013170555A1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 北京奈艾斯新材料科技有限公司 Method for treating saline and alkali land and device therefor
CN104262046A (en) * 2014-09-12 2015-01-07 瑞昊（北京）环境工程有限公司 Fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and preparation method of fertilizer
CN104610974A (en) * 2015-02-05 2015-05-13 甘肃西部凹凸棒石应用研究院 Preparation method and application method of saline-alkali soil conditioner
US9078455B2 (en) 2010-03-25 2015-07-14 Conopco, Inc. Process for manufacturing tea products
CN104829333A (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-08-12 魏坤峰 Saline-alkali soil improvement fertilizer
CN105801314A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-07-27 邓放 Universal pyroligneous hydrocarbon organic fertilizer
CN106008088A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-10-12 邓放 Universal wood-vinegar sandy soil conditioner
CN106190134A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-12-07 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 A kind of anti-salt alkali composition containing Rhizoma Dioscoreae extract and preparation method thereof
CN106242892A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-21 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 A kind of alkaline land modifying agent and preparation method thereof
CN106396871A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-15 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Organic fertilizer prepared through fermenting crop straws and used for highly-efficiently improving saline and alkaline land soil, and preparation method of organic fertilizer
CN106397019A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-15 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Hetao irrigation district secondary salinization land soil improver and production method thereof
CN106495935A (en) * 2016-08-24 2017-03-15 天津市北方创业园林股份有限公司 Salt affected soil improvement conditioner that a kind of utilization straw makes and preparation method thereof
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CN107162821A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-09-15 合肥浦邦农业科技有限公司 A kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner and preparation method thereof
CN107201234A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-09-26 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 A kind of inland soda alkaline land modifying agent and application
CN107739620A (en) * 2017-12-05 2018-02-27 内蒙古漫瀚农业科技有限公司 A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent and its technique for alkaline land improving
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CN108441226A (en) * 2018-03-15 2018-08-24 丰桢敏 A kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof for salt-soda soil
CN110055084A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-07-26 北京中农煦丰生态科技有限公司 A kind of soda alkaline land paddy field soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof
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CN101659869B (en) * 2009-09-16 2011-09-21 黑龙江省农科院农村能源研究所 Special organic compound modifier used in carbonate-type paddy fields and preparation method thereof
US9078455B2 (en) 2010-03-25 2015-07-14 Conopco, Inc. Process for manufacturing tea products
CN101831305A (en) * 2010-04-29 2010-09-15 长春工业大学 Soda type saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof
CN101851894B (en) * 2010-07-01 2012-07-25 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Protection method for improving salt expansion or dissolution sink of salty soil
CN101851894A (en) * 2010-07-01 2010-10-06 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Protection method for improving salt expansion or dissolution sink of salty soil
CN102172116B (en) * 2011-01-20 2013-05-29 张殿锡 Method for comprehensively modifying saline and alkaline land
CN102172116A (en) * 2011-01-20 2011-09-07 张殿锡 Method for comprehensively modifying saline and alkaline land
CN102910982A (en) * 2011-08-01 2013-02-06 王志强 Zeolite-containing bio-organic fertilizer for reducing reducing salt and alkali contents
CN102349371A (en) * 2011-08-07 2012-02-15 吉林省农业科学院 Method for quickly desalting, dealkalizing and ploughing soda saline-alkali paddy field
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US9486844B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2016-11-08 Beijing Nano Hi-Tech Material Co., Ltd. Method and device for treatment of saline-alkali land
CN102703088A (en) * 2012-05-23 2012-10-03 浙江农林大学 Saline-alkali soil improved medicament and saline-alkali soil improved afforestation and soil preparation method
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CN104262046A (en) * 2014-09-12 2015-01-07 瑞昊（北京）环境工程有限公司 Fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and preparation method of fertilizer
CN104610974A (en) * 2015-02-05 2015-05-13 甘肃西部凹凸棒石应用研究院 Preparation method and application method of saline-alkali soil conditioner
CN104610974B (en) * 2015-02-05 2017-10-10 甘肃西部凹凸棒石应用研究院 A kind of soil conditioner of saline-alkaline soil preparation method
CN104829333A (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-08-12 魏坤峰 Saline-alkali soil improvement fertilizer
CN105801314A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-07-27 邓放 Universal pyroligneous hydrocarbon organic fertilizer
CN106008088A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-10-12 邓放 Universal wood-vinegar sandy soil conditioner
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