CN112237070A - Method for restoring saline-alkali soil - Google Patents

Method for restoring saline-alkali soil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112237070A
CN112237070A CN202011250410.3A CN202011250410A CN112237070A CN 112237070 A CN112237070 A CN 112237070A CN 202011250410 A CN202011250410 A CN 202011250410A CN 112237070 A CN112237070 A CN 112237070A
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soil
steps
nutrient solution
saline
organic
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Inventor
李光华
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Zhejiang Deming Intelligent Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Deming Intelligent Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00Other organic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20Liquid fertilisers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for restoring saline-alkali soil, and relates to the technical field of soil restoration. The restoration method comprises the steps of sampling and detecting soil, loosening and crushing the soil, mixing organic fillers, spraying organic nutrient solution for the second time, laminating the soil, standing the soil, planting grass seeds and constructing an ecological system. The organic filler is prepared by crushing rice chaff, wheat bran and camphor tree root, and then adding ecological sand, coal cinder and soil ash to mix according to a certain proportion. The organic nutrient solution is prepared by mixing rotten soybeans, rotten wheat and plant fiber powder with purified water according to a certain proportion. The organic filler and the organic nutrient solution of the invention use less chemical agents, have less influence on the environment and better soil remediation effect, and further improve the remediation effect on the soil by a mode of spraying the organic nutrient solution for the second time.

Description

Method for restoring saline-alkali soil
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a remediation method for saline-alkali soil.
Background
The soil environment is populated with various organisms including producers (plants, algae, bacteria), consumers (various animals in the soil) and decomposers (a large number of microorganisms), which together form an ecosystem commonly referred to as the soil ecology. The soil ecology is the most important component of the terrestrial ecosystem, where the soil is the center of the terrestrial ecosystem.
The formation of alkaline earth and alkalized soil in China is mostly related to the accumulation of carbonate in soil, so that the alkalization degree is generally high, and plants in serious saline-alkaline earth regions can hardly survive. The saline-alkali soil has the problems of sticky and heavy texture, poor structure, poor air permeability and the like besides high soil salinity. The method is mainly concerned by the country by adopting feasible improvement measures to convert the considerable reserve resources into land resources which can be used for agricultural production, and the existing saline-alkali soil remediation methods comprise a land preparation method, a deep ploughing and deep ploughing method, a hoeing method, a sand filling method, a drainage salt washing method and the like, wherein the land preparation method, the deep ploughing and deep ploughing method, the hoeing method and the sand filling method cannot achieve a good remediation effect, and the drainage salt washing method has a certain remediation effect but can cause the waste of fresh water resources.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for repairing saline-alkali soil, which solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for restoring saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
A. sampling soil, and collecting information data of the soil;
B. loosening and crushing soil, and mixing organic fillers into the soil;
C. spraying organic nutrient solution to mix into soil, filling the soil, and spraying organic nutrient solution on the soil surface again;
D. covering the soil surface with a covering pad, keeping the temperature and humidity of the soil, and standing for two months;
E. loosening and crushing the soil again after two months, and further supplementing organic nutrient solution to the soil;
F. and repeating the steps from C to E for 2 to 3 times, sampling the soil each time, and monitoring the information data of the soil regularly.
F. Selecting proper grass seeds to be sowed on the surface of the soil, irrigating proper water, turning the grown vegetation into the soil after the grass seeds grow into healthy vegetation, filling the soil, and standing for two months;
G. repeating the step F for 2-3 times, sowing the grass seeds on the surface of the soil again, irrigating a proper amount of water, and placing a proper amount of earthworms and soft-shelled turtles on the soil;
H. after the grass seeds grow into healthy vegetation and the ecological system is stable, the soil is repaired;
the organic filler comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002771408700000021
Figure BDA0002771408700000031
the organic nutrient solution consists of the following components in parts by mass:
Figure BDA0002771408700000032
preferably, the information data of the soil in the step a and the step F are soil nutrient, soil moisture, soil hardness, soil acidity and alkalinity, and microorganism species in the soil.
Preferably, in the step B and the step E, a rotary cultivator is adopted for loosening and crushing.
Preferably, the loosening mode in the step B and the step E is to divide the soil plane into slopes which are parallel to each other.
Preferably, the covering pad in the step C is oiled paper, and has good heat preservation and moisture preservation effects.
Preferably, the grass seeds in step F are seeds mixed with various herbaceous plants.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic filler comprises the steps of crushing rice chaff, barley bran and camphor tree root, and then mixing with ecological sand, coal cinder and soil ash.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic nutrient solution comprises the steps of adding purified water into a stirring device, adding the crushed rotten soybeans and the rotten wheat into the stirring device, stirring for 2-3 minutes at a rotating speed of 25-35r/min, and finally adding the plant fiber powder into the stirring device, and stirring for 1-2 minutes at a rotating speed of 40-50 r/min.
Preferably, the plant fiber powder is prepared from peanut shells or rotten leaves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through the mode of spraying organic nutrient solution twice, can make organic nutrient solution fully mix with soil, further improve the restoration effect of organic nutrient solution to soil.
2. The organic filler and the organic nutrient solution jointly act on the soil, so that the internal structure of the soil is improved, and the soil remediation rate is increased; the organic filler and the organic nutrient solution use less chemical agents, have less influence on the environment and have better soil remediation effect.
3. The suitable grass seeds planted on the soil can effectively absorb heavy metals and salt in the soil, grown vegetation is turned into the soil, meanwhile, certain fertility is provided for the soil, a proper amount of earthworms and soft-shelled turtles are placed on the soil, the earthworms can loosen the soil, the internal structure of the soil is improved, the soft-shelled turtles are fed with alkaline mineral substances, and the alkalinity of the soil can be reduced.
4. The organic nutrient solution comprises rotten soybeans, rotten wheat, plant fiber powder and purified water, the rotten soybeans and the rotten wheat can increase the fertility of soil, the plant fiber powder adopts peanut shells or rotten leaves as raw materials, breeding of microorganisms is facilitated, fermentation of the rotten soybeans and the rotten wheat in the soil is accelerated, acidic substances can be generated in the fermentation process, and the alkalinity of the soil can be effectively reduced.
5. The organic filler includes the rice chaff of rice chaff, big and small wheat bran, camphor tree root, ecological sand, cinder and soil ash, camphor tree root belongs to the acid thing, camphor tree root and rice chaff, big and small wheat bran mixes, can effectively reduce the basicity of soil when increasing soil fertility, ecological sand can fix soil, reduce the loss of moisture in the soil, guarantee to have sufficient moisture in the soil, accelerate the soil to the absorption rate of organic filler and organic nutrient solution, and prevent salinity and mineral substance deposit alkalization in the soil, contain sulphur in the cinder, there is the effect of disinfecting and deinsectization, soil ash can neutralize the carbonate in the soil, further reduce the basicity of soil, and supply certain calcium element.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
The invention provides an implementation scheme, and a method for restoring saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
A. sampling soil, and collecting information data of the soil;
B. loosening and crushing soil, and mixing organic fillers into the soil;
C. spraying organic nutrient solution to mix into soil, filling the soil, and spraying organic nutrient solution on the soil surface again;
D. covering the soil surface with a covering pad, keeping the temperature and humidity of the soil, standing for two months and naturally rotting;
E. loosening and crushing the soil again after two months, and further supplementing organic nutrient solution to the soil;
F. and repeating the steps from C to E for 2 to 3 times, sampling the soil each time, and monitoring the information data of the soil regularly.
F. Selecting proper grass seeds to be sowed on the surface of the soil, irrigating proper water, turning the grown vegetation into the soil after the grass seeds grow into healthy vegetation, filling the soil, and standing for two months to naturally rot;
G. repeating the step F for 2-3 times, sowing the grass seeds on the surface of the soil again, irrigating a proper amount of water, and placing a proper amount of earthworms and soft-shelled turtles on the soil;
H. after the grass seeds grow into healthy vegetation and the ecological system is stable, the soil is repaired;
the organic filler comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002771408700000061
the organic nutrient solution consists of the following components in parts by mass:
Figure BDA0002771408700000062
the preparation method of the organic filler comprises the steps of putting rice chaff, barley bran and wheat bran and camphor tree root into a grinder to be ground, adding ecological sand, coal cinder and soil ash, and uniformly mixing. Camphor tree root belongs to the acid thing, camphor tree root and rice chaff, big and small wheat bran mixes, can effectively reduce the basicity of soil when increasing soil fertility, in addition the rice chaff, big and small wheat bran can also play the effect of loosening the soil, ecological sand can fix soil, reduce the loss of moisture in the soil, guarantee to have sufficient moisture in the soil, accelerate the soil to the absorption rate of organic filler and organic nutrient solution, and prevent salinity and mineral substance deposit alkalization in the soil, contain sulphur in the cinder, there is the effect of disinfecting and deinsectization, soil ash can neutralize soil and carbonate, further reduce the basicity of soil, and supply certain calcium element.
The preparation method of the organic nutrient solution comprises the steps of adding purified water into a stirring device, adding the crushed rotten soybeans and the rotten wheat into the stirring device, stirring for 2-3 minutes at the rotating speed of 25-35r/min, and finally adding the plant fiber powder into the stirring device, and stirring for 1-2 minutes at the rotating speed of 40-50 r/min. The rotten soybean and rotten wheat can increase the fertility of soil, the plant fiber powder adopts peanut shells or rotten leaves as raw materials, the breeding of microorganisms is facilitated, the fermentation of the rotten soybean and rotten wheat in the soil is accelerated, acidic substances can be generated in the fermentation process, and the alkalinity of the soil can be effectively reduced.
The information data of the soil in the step A and the step F are soil nutrient, soil moisture, soil hardness, soil pH value and microorganism species in the soil, the soil in the step B and the step E is loosened and smashed by adopting a rotary cultivator, the loosening mode is that a soil plane is divided into slopes which are parallel to each other, the contact area of organic nutrient solution and the soil is increased, the organic nutrient solution and the soil are fully mixed, the covering pad in the step C is made of oilpaper and has good heat preservation and moisture preservation effects, the grass species in the step F is seeds mixed with various herbaceous plants, such as salicornia europaea, suaeda glauca, ivy, artemisia scoparia, artemisia argyi and the like, heavy metal and salt in the soil can be effectively absorbed, grown vegetation is turned into the soil, meanwhile, certain fertility is provided for the soil, and a proper amount of earthworms and turtles are placed on the soil, the earthworms can loosen soil and improve the internal structure of the soil, and the terrapin can eat alkaline mineral substances, so that the alkalinity of the soil can be further reduced.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described ones, and any equivalent substitutions and equivalent changes to the above-described embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for restoring saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. sampling soil, and collecting information data of the soil;
B. loosening and crushing soil, and mixing organic fillers into the soil;
C. spraying organic nutrient solution to mix into soil, filling the soil, and spraying organic nutrient solution on the soil surface again;
D. covering the soil surface with a covering pad, keeping the temperature and humidity of the soil, and standing for two months;
E. loosening and crushing the soil again after two months, and further supplementing organic nutrient solution to the soil;
F. and repeating the steps from C to E for 2 to 3 times, sampling the soil each time, and monitoring the information data of the soil regularly.
F. Selecting proper grass seeds to be sowed on the surface of the soil, irrigating proper water, turning the grown vegetation into the soil after the grass seeds grow into healthy vegetation, filling the soil, and standing for two months;
G. repeating the step F for 2-3 times, sowing the grass seeds on the surface of the soil again, irrigating a proper amount of water, and placing a proper amount of earthworms and soft-shelled turtles on the soil;
H. after the grass seeds grow into healthy vegetation and the ecological system is stable, the soil is repaired;
the organic filler comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0002771408690000021
the organic nutrient solution consists of the following components in parts by mass:
Figure FDA0002771408690000022
2. the method for remediating saline-alkali soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and B, the information data of the soil in the step A and the step F are soil nutrient, soil moisture, soil hardness, soil pH value and microorganism species in the soil.
3. The method for remediating saline-alkali soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and B, loosening and crushing by adopting a rotary cultivator in the steps B and E.
4. The method for remediating saline-alkali soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the loosening mode in the step B and the step E is to divide the soil plane into slopes which are parallel to each other.
5. The method for remediating saline-alkali soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and in the step C, the covering pad is oiled paper.
6. The method for remediating saline-alkali soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and F, the grass seeds are seeds mixed with various herbaceous plants.
7. The method for remediating saline-alkali soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the preparation method of the organic filler comprises the steps of crushing rice chaff, barley bran and camphor tree root, and then mixing the ecological sand, coal cinder and soil ash.
8. The method for remediating saline-alkali soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the preparation method of the organic nutrient solution comprises the steps of adding purified water into a stirring device, adding the crushed rotten soybeans and the rotten wheat into the stirring device, stirring for 2-3 minutes at a rotating speed of 25-35r/min, and finally adding the plant fiber powder into the stirring device, and stirring for 1-2 minutes at a rotating speed of 40-50 r/min.
9. The method for remediating saline-alkali soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the plant fiber powder is prepared from peanut shells or rotten leaves.
CN202011250410.3A 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Method for restoring saline-alkali soil Pending CN112237070A (en)

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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101481281A (en) * 2009-02-03 2009-07-15 吉林省新世纪农业科技有限公司 Comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land and use method thereof
CN101578935A (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-18 王彤 Saline-sodic land reclamation and control method
MD269Y (en) * 2010-05-12 2010-09-30 Institutul De Pedologie, Agrochimie Si Protectie A Solului "Nicolae Dimo" Process for amelioration of alkaline soils
CN102301848A (en) * 2011-06-30 2012-01-04 李学麒 Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land soil
CN104885612A (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-09-09 东北林业大学 Method for improving saline-alkali soil by utilizing residual rural waste
CN106220412A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-14 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 A kind of salt-soda soil plant of grain crops improvement Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and modification method thereof
CN106664865A (en) * 2016-12-24 2017-05-17 苏州千层茧农业科技有限公司 Soil improvement method
CN107409525A (en) * 2017-07-24 2017-12-01 安陆市万众创新智能科技有限公司 A kind of vinasse coordinate modification method of the straw to alkaline land soil
CN110121963A (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-08-16 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 A kind of quick recovery method in salt-soda soil
CN110192454A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-09-03 山东省果树研究所 A kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method
CN111602484A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-01 吉林省林业科学研究院 Method for improving saline-alkali soil by utilizing vegetation

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101578935A (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-18 王彤 Saline-sodic land reclamation and control method
CN101481281A (en) * 2009-02-03 2009-07-15 吉林省新世纪农业科技有限公司 Comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land and use method thereof
MD269Y (en) * 2010-05-12 2010-09-30 Institutul De Pedologie, Agrochimie Si Protectie A Solului "Nicolae Dimo" Process for amelioration of alkaline soils
CN102301848A (en) * 2011-06-30 2012-01-04 李学麒 Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land soil
CN104885612A (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-09-09 东北林业大学 Method for improving saline-alkali soil by utilizing residual rural waste
CN106220412A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-14 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 A kind of salt-soda soil plant of grain crops improvement Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and modification method thereof
CN106664865A (en) * 2016-12-24 2017-05-17 苏州千层茧农业科技有限公司 Soil improvement method
CN107409525A (en) * 2017-07-24 2017-12-01 安陆市万众创新智能科技有限公司 A kind of vinasse coordinate modification method of the straw to alkaline land soil
CN110121963A (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-08-16 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 A kind of quick recovery method in salt-soda soil
CN110192454A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-09-03 山东省果树研究所 A kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method
CN111602484A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-01 吉林省林业科学研究院 Method for improving saline-alkali soil by utilizing vegetation

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