CN107047119A - A kind of regulation and control method for producing grass volume soil matrix chemical property - Google Patents
A kind of regulation and control method for producing grass volume soil matrix chemical property Download PDFInfo
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- CN107047119A CN107047119A CN201710186078.0A CN201710186078A CN107047119A CN 107047119 A CN107047119 A CN 107047119A CN 201710186078 A CN201710186078 A CN 201710186078A CN 107047119 A CN107047119 A CN 107047119A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method regulated and controled to production grass volume soil matrix chemical property, by a certain proportion of sawdust, grass cuttings, maize straw, become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil apply sod production soil then mainly in the soil that preceding stubble plants Festuca Arundinacea, then Festuca Arundinacea Lexus II, the g/m of application rate 35 are sowed on mixed soil2, after being post-processed to Festuca Arundinacea, detect regulating and controlling effect of the different supplement discarded object supplementary materials to soil pH value, electrical conductivity and soil salt content.The grass volume production soil matrix chemical property improving environment ecological method of the present invention is sawdust, grass cuttings, maize straw, the recycling of become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil open up a new way then.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to land use technical field, it is related to production grass volume soil matrix chemical property control technique ecology side
Method, it is therefore intended that Sod-production soil soil sustainable use.
Background technology
Urban lawn planting system is to integrate balance ecology, the ecologies of beautification many functions such as landscape and entertainment
Engineering, it not only acts as the effect of the compound urban ecological system of balance, and its beautification of landscape effect is other urban construction works
Journey is irreplaceable.Lawn has the grass layer and netted intensive root system of fine and close covering earth's surface, can play conserve water and soil and
The effect of water conservation.Lawn can create the living environment of a benign climate, because being 40~45 DEG C in summer atmospheric temperature
When, only 20 DEG C or so on lawn, and air humidity is higher than bare area by 10%~20% on lawn.Lawn can be dilute by photosynthesis
Release the noxious material for decomposing and absorbing and fix in air（NH3、H2O、SO2、NO2、HF、Cl2With some heavy metal gases etc.）, moreover it is possible to
Aldehyde, ether, alcohol and some carcinogens are absorbed, is allowed to turn bane into boon.Lawn can also adsorb the pollution such as metallic dust of dust shape
Material, is allowed to be detained, and plays a part of purifying air.Lawn can secrete various volatile Fungicidal substances, so as to reduce cause of disease
Propagation potentiality, reduce air in bacterial number, play a part of sterilizing disease-preventing.Irregularly transmitting and the microseism of the branches and leaves on lawn
Consumption partial noise can be weakened, with good erasure effect.
People thirst for back to nature, and the lawn that greenweed is spreaded and sink in, pure and fresh air makes one broad-minded, forget the worry of life, beautiful
Beautiful environment is the performance directly perceived of urban ecology quality.Lawn not only promotes species diversity, urban landscape is also enriched, to city
The benign cycle of the ecosystem cuts much ice.Turf establishment system it is whether perfect, can embody modern city society
Development level and economic strength, it can not only improve City Investment Environment, and in terms of attracting foreign investment, promoting tourism all
Play significant role.Turf is that a kind of peel off lawn grafter is the shape such as tabular or different size of square, rectangle,
And the turf establishment body or turf establishment material of a certain amount of soil are accompanied with thereon.Lawn is built using turf laying method to build
Implant system, it is consumed, and soil resource phenomenon is more serious, and turf once, takes around the thick topsoil soils of 5cm, soil per peeling
Just it is brought into the sale of turf in the ecosystem in city, so carries out the farmland topsoil of turf long-term production just
It can reduce.It can be seen that from environmental protection, reducing cost and increasing the benefit this in terms of three, this sod culture pattern is not met
The requirement of sustainable development.In order to solve the problems, such as above-mentioned soil fail, cultivation technique without soil arises at the historic moment from this.
Sawdust refer to carry out timber processing when because cutting and from trees the foam shape wood chip of fallen trees in itself.I
State is the import and export big country of world's forestry products, and timber is processed in occupation of critical role in Forestry Industrial Structures.Sawdust can in fact
For developing many products for being beneficial to people's production and living, the cycling and reutilization of sawdust can not only be protected and improve environment,
Forest resources dynamics and waste discharge can also be reduced.
Grass cuttings, the totality for the turfgrass tissue that grass mower is cut.The frequency of turf-mown is higher, and the accumulation of grass cuttings is bigger.Repair
Grass cuttings after cutting are stayed on lawn, should be cleared up in time under normal circumstances, and otherwise grass cuttings are accumulated on lawn, not only seem not beautiful
See, and lawn bottom can be made because of illumination, hypoventilation and death by suffocation.In addition grass cuttings can also produce some after rotting and have
The material of poison, suppresses the growth on lawn, lawn growing way is died down；In addition, the grass cuttings left can also be conducive to multiplying for weeds, hold
Easily cause pest and disease damage popular.Grass cuttings have light weight and the big feature of porosity.Grass cuttings are used as matrix, due to its aeration
Can be good, emerging and growing and play critically important effect for turfgrass.Also Just because of this, the utilization of grass cuttings has because of ground system
Preferably with the advantage gathered materials on the spot.
China is stalk yield big country of the world, with the continuous improvement of overall productivity in agriculture, the continuous growth of stalk yield,
Stalk has very considerable Utilization prospects.And can straw-returning play a significant role depending on the decomposition speed after straw-returning
Degree, therefore need further further investigation.In addition, crop straw burning phenomena impair environment, causes the wasting of resources, as people's concern
Focus.
Show according to the study, effect of the maize straw direct returning to farmland in terms of culture fertility, raising crop yield is typically needed then
It can be embodied after for many years, its reason is that the rotten speed and nutrient releasing speed of returning to the field stalk are slow.The utilization present situation of current stalk
Mainly straw-returning, using energy source, feed conversion and it is used as base-material.The utilization of stalk energy belongs to a kind of recyclability
Clean energy resource, its major way has gasifying stalk, using fuel ethanol produced by straw and utilize straw power generation.Straw feedization profit
With mainly there is following four approach：Straw ensiling, straw ammoniation, stalk single-cell protein feed and pellet feeds from stalks.Because
Feed digestibility can be so improved, nutritive value is improved.The stalk of crushing is also used as cultivating the base-material of edible mushroom, because
Wherein to contain nutriment necessary to edible fungi growth, such as carbon, nitrogen and mineral matter nutritional ingredient.
Continuous improvement with people to environmental quality requirement, sewage disposal degree is deepened constantly, and the sludge quantity of generation is also big
Big increase.But the complicated component of sludge, water content height, easily corruption, foul smelling, and contain the organic and inorganic of some difficult degradations
Noxious material and pathogen etc..If a large amount of undressed sludge are arbitrarily stacked and discharged, it will cause new to environment
Pollution, it is therefore necessary to disposal in time.Meanwhile, mineral element necessary to plant growth is contained in sludge（Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium,
Iron, magnesium etc.）.Therefore, the utilization of sludge starts to receive the extensive attention of people.
The mud commonly used both at home and abroad at present mainly has landfill, burning, agricultural and compost.But landfill and burning process
The noxious material of middle generation can produce potential pollution to air, and municipal sludge is agricultural and heavy metal and cause of disease due to its enrichment
Microorganism and largely limited.Most stable of processing method is to carry out composting process, and the organic matter decomposition of easy mineralising is steamed for water
Gas, CO2, inorganic matter and stable humus.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as soil fail that traditional sod production mode is brought, find lawn tissue culture matrix to alleviate length
The reduction that phase carries out the farmland top layer of sod production has very important significance.This ecological protection technology by sawdust, grass cuttings, when
Year maize straw, become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil applies sod production soil, can be sawdust, then grass cuttings, corn stalk
Stalk, become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil directly applies to turf establishment and provides theoretical foundation, be sawdust, grass cuttings, beautiful then
Rice stalk, the recycling of become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil open up a new way.In addition, grass volume produces soil base
Matter chemical property improving environment ecological method, purpose marine site is the soil sustainable use of Sod-production soil.
To achieve the above object, the invention discloses following technology contents：
A kind of method regulated and controled to production grass volume soil matrix chemical property, it is characterised in that carried out by the steps：
(1) soil that tall fescue turf is planted to preceding stubble removes earth's surface debris, by the cm of soil deep tillage 30, with circle after drying 1 month
Clods breaking is repeated in disk rake, until soil block diameter reaches 3 cm and following, changes soil-finishing rake progress soil slightly smooth；
（2）Soil after will be smooth carries out zoning segmentation, by ready different discarded object supplementary materials according to 4.5 kg/m2's
Uniformly paving is sprinkled upon in corresponding zoning consumption, then ploughs 12-15 cm with shallow plowing equipment, and the matrix of supplement and soil is abundant, uniform
Mixing, different supplementary materials are carrying out thin level ground after being mixed uniformly with soil, reach and treat sowing state；Wherein described discarded object is mended
Filling material is respectively：Sawdust, grass cuttings, then mud nutrition soil, maize straw, corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed；
（3）To with the addition of supplement discarded object supplementary material and in state to be broadcast trial zone it is light with Special tractor traction
Sowing Festuca Arundinacea Lexus II, the g/m of application rate 35 after the compacting of type water axle2, suppress, water immediately after broadcasting, continuous pouring is until everywhere
Reason area emerges, normal maintenance management after emerging, and according to weather condition averagely per a water is poured within 5-7 days, all processing are in sowing
Preceding and maintenance processes do not apply any fertilizer；
（4）Gather in after Festuca Arundinacea, detect different supplement discarded object supplementary materials to soil pH value, electrical conductivity and soil salt content
Influence.
The preparation method of maize straw then of the present invention or corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed is：
（1）Become thoroughly decomposed being prepared as of maize straw：Maize straw+corncob, both mixed proportions 1:1, wherein the corn that becomes thoroughly decomposed
Stalk+corncob, is that corncob, maize straw of the autumn harvest corn after thresing machine threshing are crushed into 3-5cm respectively
According to volume ratio 1 behind footpath:It is deposited in after 1 mixing in moist low-lying pit and covers plastic foil, being air-dried after becoming thoroughly decomposed naturally 16 months makes
With water content 16%；
（2）Maize straw is prepared as then：Maize straw+corncob, is to take off new autumn harvest corn through thresing machine then
Corncob, maize straw after grain are crushed to after 3-5cm particle diameters according to volume ratio 1 respectively:Directly used after 1 mixing, it is aqueous
Amount 14%.
The preparation method of described sawdust, mud nutrition soil or grass cuttings is：
（1）Mud Nutrition Soil is the sludge product for becoming thoroughly decomposed sludge to handle through bar buttress formula turning aerobic fermentation, and its moisture content is
35%；
（2）Grass wadding is the tall grass wadding cradled in turf production maintenance processes, and grass wadding length is 4-6 cm, by stacking nature
The air-dried grass wadding of storage 6-8 months, its moisture content 15% under ventilation aerobic environment；
（3）Sawdust comes from the pine wood sawdust of wood-working factory, and its moisture content is at 13%, the sieving using the preceding mm of use diameter 5
Reason, goes stone cleaning, iron nail etc. the present invention further discloses the regulation and control method of Sod-production soil chemical properties in regulation and control soil
Application in terms of earth electrical conductivity；The discarded object supplementary material wherein added is sawdust, grass cuttings or mud nutrition soil.Also reducing
Application in terms of soil salt content；The discarded object supplementary material wherein added is maize straw then, corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed, sawdust,
Mud nutrition soil or grass cuttings.Application also in terms of soil pH is reduced；The discarded object supplementary material wherein added is sawdust, corruption
Cooked maize stalk, grass cuttings or mud nutrition soil.
More detailed description of the present invention is as follows：
First, experiment material and method
（1）Experimental field Natural situation
Experimental field it is located at Tianjin Ninghe Pan Zhuan farms Tianjin Hongganglvyin Flower and Grass Planting Co., Ltd. lawn base, is experimental field located in east longitude
117.83 degree, 39.33 degree of north latitude.Belong to continental monsoon climate, warm temperate zone semi-dry and semi-humid wind band, total climatic characteristic is four
Season is clearly demarcated, and spring arid is windy, and summer temperature is higher, and rainwater is concentrated, and autumn, the sky is clear and the air is crisp, and winter is more dried cold.It is annual
Cardinal wind is southwester, and summer cardinal wind is southeaster, and winter cardinal wind is northwester, and annual mean wind speed is 3.4 m/
s.11.2 DEG C of annual mean temperature, medial humidity 66%, average -5.8 DEG C of the lowest temperature appears in the January, and the highest temperature is put down
Equal 25.7 DEG C appear in 0.57 meter of maximum depth of frozen grounds in July.The mm of mean annual precipitation 642, precipitation 70% concentrates on 6,
7th, 8 three months.Annual 240 days frost-free periods.
（2）Experiment material
Festuca Arundinacea is selected in experiment（Festuca arundinace）Lexus II（Barlexas-Ⅱ）, trained by green company of Holland hundred
Educate and produce, provided by the green Co., Ltd in Tianjin hundred, in June, 2014 date of manufacture, grass seeds degree of purity 98%, grass seeds germination percentage
85%.It is respectively for examination supplementary material material：
Mud Nutrition Soil is the sludge product for becoming thoroughly decomposed sludge to handle through bar buttress formula turning aerobic fermentation, by the micro- lifes of Tianjin Yu Chuan
Tetramune Co., Ltd provides, and its moisture content is 35%；
Grass wadding is the tall grass wadding cradled in Hong Gang companies turf production maintenance processes, and grass wadding length is 4-6 cm, by heap
The air-dried grass deposited under pile gravity-flow ventilation aerobic environment 6-8 months is wadded a quilt with cotton, its moisture content 15%；
Sawdust comes from the pine wood sawdust of one wood-working factory in Tianjin Wuqing District Xia Zhuzhuan towns, and its moisture content is 13%, before use
Handled with the mm of diameter 5 sieving, remove the debris such as stone cleaning, iron nail；
Become thoroughly decomposed being prepared as of maize straw：Maize straw+corncob, both mixed proportions 1:1, wherein the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed
+ corncob, is by corncob of the Tianjin Ninghe Pan Zhuan towns peasant household autumn harvest corn in 2013 after thresing machine threshing, corn stalk
Stalk is crushed to after 3-5cm particle diameters according to volume ratio 1 respectively:It is deposited in after 1 mixing in moist low-lying pit and covers plastic foil, it is natural
Air-dry and use after becoming thoroughly decomposed 16 months, water content 16%；
Maize straw is prepared as then：Maize straw+corncob, is by the Tianjin Ninghe Pan Zhuan towns peasant household autumn in 2014 then
Corncob, maize straw of the corn after thresing machine threshing is received to be crushed to respectively after 3-5cm particle diameters according to volume ratio 1:1 mixing
Directly use afterwards, water content 14%.
2nd, Technology design
Experimental field it is located at the 8th piece of the lawn base crop field A areas plot south, the m of area 15002, 24 m long from south to north, thing is wide by 63
Stubble plants tall fescue turf before m, the plot.30 cm will experimental field be ploughed deeply by removing after earth's surface debris, disk is used after drying 1 month
Clods breaking is repeated in rake, until soil block diameter reaches 3 cm and following, changes soil-finishing rake progress soil slightly smooth.Will be smooth
Soil afterwards carries out zoning segmentation according to experimental design plan, and ready different supplementary materials are uniform according to design quantity
Paving is sprinkled upon in corresponding zoning, then ploughs 12-15 cm with shallow plowing equipment, it is therefore an objective to fully, uniformly mix supplementary material and soil
Close, matrix is carrying out thin level ground after being mixed uniformly with soil, reaches and treats sowing state.
Experiment sets 4 processing, wherein 1 processing soil does not mix any matrix as control（CK）, other 3 processing are in planting soil
Five kinds of different discarded object supplementary materials are mixed in earth, five matrix are respectively mud Nutrition Soil, become thoroughly decomposed maize straw+corn
4.5 kg/m are pressed in cob, then maize straw+corncob, each processing respectively2Consumption addition matrix（Control is removed
Outside）, each handle and set 3 repetitions.12 cells, each cell altogether（Except for the control）Area be (width) 12m ×（It is long）
5m=60m2, 3 plot areas of control be (width) 21m ×（It is long）9m=189m2。
To with the addition of supplementary material and after being compacted wait the trial zone for state of broadcasting with the light-duty water axle of Special tractor traction
Sow Festuca Arundinacea Lexus II, April 23 2015 sowing date, the g/m of application rate 352, suppress, water immediately after broadcasting.Pour hydromining
Self-propelled translation sprinkling irrigation equipment, duty is walked speed certainly by regulation and is adjusted, it is ensured that irrigate uniform, continuous pouring
Until each processing is emerged, normal maintenance management after emerging pours a water, all processing for 5-7 days according to weather condition is averagely every
Prior to seeding any fertilizer is not applied with maintenance processes.
3rd, collecting soil sample
Sampling time is on May 26th, 2016, and using diagonal line style sampling method, 6 samplings are randomly selected in each experimental plot
Point, with cutting ring (100 cm3) gather 0-5cm respectively, 5-10cm, 10-15cm pedotheque, altogether 12 pedotheques.Will
Label in hermetic bag, note is put into after soil sample mixing, laboratory is taken back.
4th, index determining
（1）The measure (potentiometry) of P in soil H values：
Experimental method：
1. claim soil：10 grams of the air-dried soil of 20 mesh sieves was weighed, was placed in 100ml beakers.
2. extraction：50ml distilled water is measured with volumetric flask, is added in beaker.（Soil：Water=1：5）.
3. stirring：With glass bar stir about 1 minute, or so half an hour is stood, clarification.
4. determined with acidity agent：Acidity agent is opened, 3 hours are preheated, after being measured after stable reading.Before measurement, use respectively
The standard buffer solution correction of pH values 6.86 and 4.01.The ball of electrode is inserted under suspension face, beaker is gently shaken, to remove
The moisture film of electrode ball surface, makes electrode points position reach balance.After after pH stable readings, pH value is recorded.Determine after 5 samples, use
PH standard liquids are corrected once.
（2）The measure of soil conductivity
Experimental method：
1. weighing 1mm sieve wind desiceted soil 20.00g, it is placed in 250ml and dries in triangular flask, add distilled water 100m1（Soil ratio 5：
1）, vibrate 5 minutes, filter in drying in triangular flask, clear shell filtrate need to be obtained.（This leaching liquor can be used for the measure of point salt）.
2. draw soil extract 30m1, in being placed on that 50m1 is small and burning out, solution temperature is measured, is then determined with conductivity gauge, is determined
The conductivity of prepare liquid（St）, take reading.
In formula：EC 25 is that soil extract electrical conductivity, St are that conductivity, ft are that temperature correction coefficient, K are conductance electrode constant
Temperature correction coefficient（ft）See attached list 1, conductance electrode constant（K）Checked in from conductance electrode.
（3）The measure of soil salt content：（Gravimetric method）Experimental method：
1. weighing air-dried soil 20g, it is placed in beaker, is filtered immediately after adding 100mL distilled water, stirring 3min.
2. drawing 50mL filtrates, it is put into the 100mL small beakers dried and weighed, in water-bath（Or sand bath）It is evaporated.Use 15% peroxide
Change hydrogen solution processing, heating water bath, organics removal.
3. being dried with filter paper outside small beaker, it is put into 100~105 DEG C of baking ovens and dries 4 hours, then moves in drier and cool down
（General cooling 30min）To room temperature, weighed with assay balance.
Claim again after 2 hours 4. the solid residue after weighing up continues to be put into baking in baking oven, until constant weight（I.e. weight difference is less than twice
0.0003g）
Note：Plus during hydrogen peroxide removal organic matter, residue is moistened as long as its consumption reaches.
Soluble-salt content in soil（%）=
5th, development results are analyzed
（1）Influence of the different substrates to soil pH value
In soil horizon deep 0~5cm, compared with control group, sawdust, then grass cuttings, corn stalk are added in turf establishment system
After stalk, the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mud nutrition soil, soil pH is reduced, and 5.9%, 1.9%, 0.9%, 0.3% and is reduced respectively
0.04%, wherein adding soil pH after sawdust reduces most, significant difference（P<0.05）, add become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and sludge battalion
Support after soil, but difference is not notable（P>0.05）.
In soil horizon deep 5~10cm, maize straw then is added compared with control group, in turf establishment system and the jade that becomes thoroughly decomposed
After rice stalk, soil pH increases, and 3.3% and 2.8% are added respectively, wherein adding after maize straw then soil pH increase most
It is many, and significant difference（P<0.05）；Add after sawdust, grass cuttings and mud nutrition soil, soil pH is reduced, and is reduced respectively
0.4%th, 0.2% and 0.7%, wherein adding soil pH after mud nutrition soil reduces most, significant difference（P<0.05）, but add
Difference is not notable after sawdust and grass cuttings（P>0.05）.
In soil horizon deep 10~15cm, added compared with control group, in turf establishment system after maize straw then, soil
PH increases, add 2.0%, and significant difference（P<0.05）；Add sawdust, grass cuttings, become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil
Afterwards, soil pH is reduced, and 0.16%, 0.14%, 0.3% and 0.6% is reduced respectively, is subtracted wherein adding soil pH after mud nutrition soil
It is few most, but difference is not notable（P>0.05）, add significant difference after sawdust, grass cuttings and the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed（P<
0.05）.
Influence of the different disposal of table 1 to soil pH value
Note：With column data, different letters represent significant difference（P<0.05）
（2）Influence of the different substrates to soil conductivity
In soil horizon deep 0~5cm, added compared with control group, in turf establishment system then maize straw, become thoroughly decomposed corn
After stalk and mud nutrition soil, soil conductivity increases, and 13.7%, 4.4% and 13.8% is added respectively, wherein adding sludge
Soil conductivity increase is most after Nutrition Soil, and significant difference（P<0.05）, add difference after the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed and do not show
Write（P>0.05）；Add after sawdust and grass cuttings, soil conductivity is reduced, and 19.7% and 6.3% are reduced respectively, wherein adding saw
Last soil conductivity is reduced at most, and significant difference（P ＜ 0.05）.
In soil horizon deep 5~10cm, compared with control group, sawdust, then grass cuttings, corn stalk are added in turf establishment system
After stalk, the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mud nutrition soil, soil conductivity is reduced, and 3.7%, 1.0%, 29.7%, 19.3% is reduced respectively
With 27%, wherein adding soil conductivity after maize straw then reduces most, and significant difference（P<0.05）, but add
Difference is not notable after grass cuttings（P>0.05）.
In soil horizon deep 10~15cm, compared with control group, sawdust, then grass cuttings, corn are added in turf establishment system
After stalk and the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, soil conductivity is reduced, and 28.7%, 0.2%, 22.9% and 10.4% is reduced respectively, wherein
Soil conductivity after sawdust is added to reduce at most, and significant difference（P<0.05）, but it is not notable to add difference after grass cuttings
（P>0.05）；Add after mud nutrition soil, soil conductivity increase adds 5.7%, and significant difference（P<0.05）.
Influence of the different disposal of table 2 to soil conductivity（ms/cm）
Note：With column data, different letters represent significant difference（P<0.05）
（3）Influence of the different substrates to soil salt content
In soil horizon deep 0~5cm, added compared with control group, in turf establishment system then maize straw, become thoroughly decomposed corn
After stalk and mud nutrition soil, soil salt content increases, and 14.9%, 5.4% and 14.9% is added respectively, wherein adding sludge
Soil salt content increase is most after Nutrition Soil, and significant difference（P<0.05）, add difference after the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed and do not show
Write（P>0.05）；Add after sawdust and grass cuttings, soil salt content is reduced, and 18.9% and 5.4% are reduced respectively, wherein adding saw
Last soil salt content is reduced at most, and significant difference（P ＜ 0.05）.
In soil horizon deep 5~10cm, compared with control group, sawdust, then maize straw, corruption are added in turf establishment system
After cooked maize stalk, mud nutrition soil, soil salt content is reduced, and 3.7%, 29.3%, 18.3% and 26.8% is reduced respectively, its
Soil salt content reduces most, and significant difference after maize straw then for middle addition（P<0.05）；Add after grass cuttings, soil contains
Salt amount is unchanged, but difference is not notable（P>0.05）.
In soil horizon deep 10~15cm, compared with control group, sawdust, then grass cuttings, corn are added in turf establishment system
After stalk and the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, soil salt content is reduced, and 28.9%, 0.8%, 23.1% and 10.7% is reduced respectively, wherein
Soil salt content after sawdust is added to reduce at most, and significant difference（P<0.05）, but it is not notable to add difference after grass cuttings
（P>0.05）；Add after mud nutrition soil, soil salt content increase adds 5.0%, and significant difference（P<0.05）.
Influence of the different disposal of table 3 to soil salt content（%）
Note：With column data, different letters represent significant difference（P<0.05）
（4）Develop conclusion
Soil pH value is the important physical and chemical parameter of soil, and validity and fertility to soil trace element have a major impact.0~
5cm, 5~10cm and 10~15cm soil layers, then maize straw and become thoroughly decomposed maize straw processing compared with the control, soil pH value has
Increasing, which has, to be subtracted, and significant difference；Compared with the control, soil pH is reduced, but difference does not show for sawdust, grass cuttings and mud nutrition soil processing
Write.Soil conductivity be determine Water-soluble salts index, and Water-soluble salts be judge soil in salt ion whether
Limit the factor of plant growth.In 0~5cm, 5~10cm and 10~15cm soil layers, sawdust, grass cuttings processing are compared with the control, native
Earth electrical conductivity is reduced, and significant difference；Compared with the control, soil conductivity increases for mud nutrition soil processing, but difference does not show
Write；Maize straw and become thoroughly decomposed maize straw processing compared with the control then, soil conductivity has increasing to have to subtract.Soil salt content is table
The major parameter of soil salt situation is levied, the main index of soil salinization degree is also to determine.In 0~5cm, 5~10cm
With 10~15cm soil layers, compared with the control, soil salt content is reduced, and significant difference for sawdust, grass cuttings processing；Mud nutrition soil
Compared with the control, soil salt content increases, but difference is not notable for processing；Then maize straw and the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed processing with it is right
Photograph ratio, soil salt content has increasing to have to subtract.Test result indicates that growth of the application of appropriate sludge composting not to turfgrass is caused
Salt damage.
In summary, added in lawn matrix after sawdust, grass cuttings and mud nutrition soil, soil pH reduction, but the secondary degree reduced is still
Within the growth scope of suitable turfgrass；Adding soil conductivity after sawdust and grass cuttings reduces, and adds meeting after mud nutrition soil
Increase soil conductivity, but on the growth of turfgrass without influence；Adding soil salt content after sawdust and grass cuttings reduces, and adds dirty
It can increase soil salt content after mud Nutrition Soil, but the growth to turfgrass does not cause salt damage, on the growth of turfgrass without influence.
In a word, sawdust, grass cuttings, then maize straw, become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil can as compounded turf matrix packing material,
For sawdust, grass cuttings, then maize straw, become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil recycling open up a new way.City
City's turf establishment system not only acts as the effect of the compound urban ecological system of balance, and its beautification of landscape effect is other cities
Construction project is irreplaceable.In order to solve the problems, such as soil fail that traditional sod production mode is brought, lawn group is found
Matrix is trained, to alleviate the long-term present situation for carrying out the farmland top layer reduction that sod production is caused.This experiment is by sawdust, grass cuttings, then
Maize straw, maize straw is become thoroughly decomposed and mud nutrition soil combines lawn matrix with soil respectively, by detecting different depth soil
The situation of earth, studies influence of these matrix to soil pH value, electrical conductivity and salt content.Add maize straw and corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Compared with the control, soil pH value has increasing to have to subtract, and significant difference for the processing of stalk；Add sawdust, grass cuttings, mud nutrition soil processing with
Control is compared, and soil conductivity is reduced, and significant difference；Add sawdust and grass cuttings processing compared with the control, soil salt content
Reduce, and significant difference；Add mud nutrition soil processing compared with the control, soil salt content increase, but difference is not notable.It is real
Test and show, sawdust, grass cuttings, then maize straw, become thoroughly decomposed maize straw and mud nutrition soil can be filled as compounded turf matrix
Material.
Embodiment
The present invention is described below by specific embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, technological means used in the present invention is
Method known in those skilled in the art.In addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, to be not intended to limit the present invention model
Enclose, the spirit and scope of the invention are limited only by the claims that follow.To those skilled in the art, without departing substantially from this hair
On the premise of bright spirit and scope, the various changes or change carried out to the material component in these embodiments and consumption also belong to
In protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method regulated and controled to production grass volume soil matrix chemical property：
(1) soil that tall fescue turf is planted to preceding stubble removes earth's surface debris, by the cm of soil deep tillage 30, with circle after drying 1 month
Clods breaking is repeated in disk rake, until soil block diameter reaches 3 cm, changes soil-finishing rake progress soil slightly smooth；
（2）Soil after will be smooth carries out zoning segmentation, by ready different discarded object supplementary materials according to 4.5 kg/m2's
Uniformly paving is sprinkled upon in corresponding zoning consumption, then ploughs 12cm with shallow plowing equipment, and the matrix of supplement and soil is abundant, uniform mixed
Close, different supplementary materials are carrying out thin level ground after being mixed uniformly with soil, reach and treat sowing state；Wherein described discarded object supplement
Material is respectively：Sawdust, grass cuttings, then mud nutrition soil, maize straw, corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed；
（3）To with the addition of supplement discarded object supplementary material and in state to be broadcast trial zone it is light with Special tractor traction
Sowing Festuca Arundinacea Lexus II, the g/ m of application rate 35 after the compacting of type water axle2, suppress, water immediately after broadcasting, continuous pouring is until each
Treatment region is emerged, normal maintenance management after emerging, and pours within every 5 days a water according to weather condition is average, all processing are in sowing
Preceding and maintenance processes do not apply any fertilizer；
（4）Gather in after Festuca Arundinacea, detect different supplement discarded object supplementary materials to soil pH value, electrical conductivity and soil salt content
Influence.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method regulated and controled to production grass volume soil matrix chemical property：
(1) soil that tall fescue turf is planted to preceding stubble removes earth's surface debris, by the cm of soil deep tillage 30, with circle after drying 1 month
Clods breaking is repeated in disk rake, until soil block diameter reaches 1.5 cm, changes soil-finishing rake progress soil slightly smooth；
（2）Soil after will be smooth carries out zoning segmentation, by ready different discarded object supplementary materials according to 4.5 kg/m2's
Uniformly paving is sprinkled upon in corresponding zoning consumption, then ploughs 15 cm with shallow plowing equipment, and the matrix of supplement and soil is abundant, uniform mixed
Close, different supplementary materials are carrying out thin level ground after being mixed uniformly with soil, reach and treat sowing state；Wherein described discarded object supplement
Material is respectively：Sawdust, grass cuttings, then mud nutrition soil, maize straw, corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed；
（3）To with the addition of supplement discarded object supplementary material and in state to be broadcast trial zone it is light with Special tractor traction
Festuca Arundinacea Lexus II, the g/m2 of application rate 35 are sowed after the compacting of type water axle, suppresses, water immediately after broadcasting, continuous pouring is until everywhere
Reason area emerges, normal maintenance management after emerging, and pours a water within every 7 days according to weather condition is average, all processing are prior to seeding
Any fertilizer is not applied with maintenance processes；
（4）Gather in after Festuca Arundinacea, detect different supplement discarded object supplementary materials to soil pH value, electrical conductivity and soil salt content
Influence.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method regulated and controled to production grass volume soil matrix chemical property, it is characterised in that enter by the steps
OK：
(1) soil that tall fescue turf is planted to preceding stubble removes earth's surface debris, by the cm of soil deep tillage 30, with circle after drying 1 month
Clods breaking is repeated in disk rake, until soil block diameter reaches 3 cm and following, changes soil-finishing rake progress soil slightly smooth；
（2）Soil after will be smooth carries out zoning segmentation, by ready different discarded object supplementary materials, according to 4.5 kg/m2's
Uniformly paving is sprinkled upon in corresponding zoning consumption, then ploughs 12-15 cm with shallow plowing equipment, and the matrix of supplement and soil is abundant, uniform
Mixing, different supplementary materials are carrying out thin level ground after being mixed uniformly with soil, reach and treat sowing state；Wherein described discarded object is mended
Filling material is respectively：Sawdust, grass cuttings, then mud nutrition soil, maize straw, corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed；
（3）To with the addition of supplement discarded object supplementary material and in state to be broadcast trial zone it is light with Special tractor traction
Sowing Festuca Arundinacea Lexus II, the g/m of application rate 35 after the compacting of type water axle2, suppress, water immediately after broadcasting, continuous pouring is until everywhere
Reason area emerges, normal maintenance management after emerging, and according to weather condition averagely per a water is poured within 5-7 days, all processing are in sowing
Preceding and maintenance processes do not apply any fertilizer；
（4）Gather in after Festuca Arundinacea, detect different supplement discarded object supplementary materials to soil pH value, electrical conductivity and soil salt content
Influence.
2. using application of the method described in claim 1 in terms of soil conductivity is reduced；The discarded object supplement wherein added
Material is sawdust, grass cuttings, then mud nutrition soil, maize straw or corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
3. using application of the method described in claim 1 in terms of soil salt content is reduced；The discarded object supplement wherein added
Material is sawdust, then mud nutrition soil, maize straw, corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed or grass cuttings.
4. using application of the method described in claim 1 in terms of soil pH is reduced；The discarded object supplementary material wherein added
For sawdust, grass cuttings, then mud nutrition soil, maize straw or corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
5. the regulation and control method described in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the maize straw then or corn stalk of becoming thoroughly decomposed is：
（1）Become thoroughly decomposed being prepared as of maize straw：Maize straw+corncob, both mixed proportions 1:1, wherein the corn that becomes thoroughly decomposed
Stalk+corncob, is that corncob, maize straw of the autumn harvest corn after thresing machine threshing are crushed into 3-5cm respectively
According to volume ratio 1 behind footpath:It is deposited in after 1 mixing in moist low-lying pit and covers plastic foil, being air-dried after becoming thoroughly decomposed naturally 16 months makes
With water content 16%；
（2）Maize straw is prepared as then：Maize straw+corncob, is to take off new autumn harvest corn through thresing machine then
Corncob, maize straw after grain are crushed to after 3-5cm particle diameters according to volume ratio 1 respectively:Directly used after 1 mixing, it is aqueous
Amount 14%.
6. the regulation and control method described in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of described sawdust, mud nutrition soil or grass cuttings is：
（1）Mud Nutrition Soil is the sludge product for becoming thoroughly decomposed sludge to handle through bar buttress formula turning aerobic fermentation, and its moisture content is
35%；
（2）Grass wadding is the tall grass wadding cradled in turf production maintenance processes, and grass wadding length is 4-6 cm, by stacking nature
The air-dried grass wadding of storage 6-8 months, its moisture content 15% under ventilation aerobic environment；
（3）Sawdust comes from the pine wood sawdust of wood-working factory, and its moisture content is at 13%, the sieving using the preceding mm of use diameter 5
Reason, removes stone cleaning, iron nail debris.
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Application publication date: 20170818 |