CN101337458A - 使用相变墨在连续幅上打印的喷墨打印机 - Google Patents

使用相变墨在连续幅上打印的喷墨打印机 Download PDF

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CN101337458A
CN101337458A CNA2008101282635A CN200810128263A CN101337458A CN 101337458 A CN101337458 A CN 101337458A CN A2008101282635 A CNA2008101282635 A CN A2008101282635A CN 200810128263 A CN200810128263 A CN 200810128263A CN 101337458 A CN101337458 A CN 101337458A
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J·R·拉森
J·J·富尔金斯
R·A·纽厄尔
D·M·博特
R·莱顿
E·B·小卡鲁瑟斯
D·J·格尔瓦西
D·A·曼特尔
V·M·威廉斯
M·J·莱维
J·M·卡塞拉
J·C·德永
P·J·麦康维尔
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Abstract

本发明涉及使用相变墨在连续幅上打印的喷墨打印机。一种包括打印站的打印设备，打印站包括至少一个用于将相变墨施加到基底的打印头，和大体上与打印头相对地布置在基底的相对侧上的衬背构件，衬背构件导致基底达到预先确定的墨接收温度。

Description

使用相变墨在连续幅上打印的喷墨打印机
技术领域
本披露涉及喷墨打印，特别地涉及在大体上连续的幅上进行的相变墨打印。
背景技术
喷墨打印涉及将小墨滴从打印头内的孔排出到接收表面上以形成图像。图像由通常称为像素的网格状的潜在的墨滴位置图案形成。图像的分辨率通过墨滴的个数或点每英寸(dpi)表达，通常的分辨率为300dpi和600dpi。
喷墨打印系统通常利用直接打印或胶版打印结构。在典型的直接打印系统中，墨从打印头内的喷射器直接排出到最终的接收幅上。在胶版打印系统中，图像形成在中间转移表面上且随后转移到最终接收幅上。中间转移表面可以具有施加到支承表面上的液体层的形式，支承表面例如为鼓。打印头将墨喷射到中间转移表面上，以在其上形成墨图像。一旦墨图像已完全沉积，则然后使最终的接收幅与中间转移表面接触，且墨图像转移到最终接收幅上。
转让与本申请的受让人的美国专利No 5,389,958是利用了相变墨的间接打印或胶版打印结构的例子。施加到中间传递表面上的墨处于已从其固体形式熔化的熔化形式。在鼓持续旋转时，通过冷却在液体中间传递表面上将墨图像固化为有延展性的固体中间状态。当图像已经完成时，转移滚子移动而与鼓接触，以在滚子和中间转移表面/鼓的弯曲表面之间形成加压的转移压区。例如介质片的最终接收幅然后送给到转移压区上，且将墨图像转移到最终接收幅上。
美国专利No 5,777,650、No 6,494,570和No 6,113,231示出了到喷墨打印的图像上的压力施加。美国专利No 5,345,863、No 5,406,315、No 5,793,398、No 6,361,230和No 6,485,140描述了连续幅喷墨打印系统。
发明内容
根据一个方面，打印设备包括打印站，该打印站包括至少一个用于将相变墨施加到基底上的打印头和大体上与打印头相对地布置在基底的相对侧上的衬背构件，衬背构件导致基底达到预先确定的墨接收温度。
根据另一个方面提供了打印设备，该打印设备包括用于将基底移动通过路径的装置；用于使基底达到预先确定的预热温度的预热器；和沿路径布置在预热器下游的打印站。打印站包括至少一个用于将相变墨施加到基底的打印头，和用于将基底的温度维持在预先确定的墨接收温度范围内的装置。
根据另一个方面提供了打印设备，该打印设备包括用于将基底移动通过路径的装置；包括至少一个用于将相变墨施加到基底的打印头的打印站；沿路径布置在打印站下游的中间加热器；和沿路径布置在中间加热器下游的展开器以使基底受到不小于500psi的压力。
附图说明
附图是直接到片的连续幅相变墨打印机的简化正视图。
具体实施方式
附图是直接到片的连续幅相变墨打印机的简化正视图。在卷轴10上供给的很长的(即大体上连续的)的“基底”(纸张，塑料或其他可打印材料)的幅W如需要地展开，通过多种未示出的马达推进。在幅移动通过路径时，一组滚子12控制了展开的幅的张力。
沿路径提供了预热器18，该预热器18使得幅处于初始预先确定的温度。预热器18可以借助于接触、辐射、传导或对流加热使幅W到达目标预热温度，在一个实际的实施例中，该目标预热温度为大约30℃到大约70℃。
幅W移动通过打印站20，打印站20包括一系列打印头21A、21B、21C和21D，每个打印头有效地越过幅的宽度延伸且能将一个原色的墨直接(即不使用中间或胶版构件)放置在移动的幅上。如一般地所熟悉，基于通过图像路径22发送到每个打印头上的图像数据将放置在幅W上的交迭的区上的四个原色的图像的每个组合形成全色图像。在多种可能的实施例中，对于每个原色可以提供多个打印头；打印头可以每个形成为单个的直线阵列；每个颜色打印头的功能可以分在位于沿处理方向上不同的位置的多个不同的打印头上；或打印头或其部分可以在横向于处理方向P的方向上可移动地安装，例如用于点色应用。
在此实施例中，引导到幅W上的墨是“相变墨”，这意味着墨在室温下大体上是固体且当最初喷射到幅W上时大体上是液体。当前通用的相变墨典型地被加热到大约100℃到140℃，且因此在喷射到幅W上时处于液相。一般而言，液体墨在撞击幅W时迅速冷却。
与每个原色打印头相关的是衬背构件24A、24B、24C、24D，它们典型地具有棒或滚子的形式，大体上与打印头相对地布置在幅W的另一侧上。每个衬背构件用于将幅W定位，使得在打印头和片之间的间隙保持为已知的恒定距离。每个衬背构件可以被控制以导致幅的邻近的部分达到预先确定的“墨接收”温度，在一个实际的实施例中，该“墨接收”温度大约为40℃到大约60℃。在多种可能的实施例中，每个衬背构件可以包括加热元件，用于使液体通过其流动的腔等；替代地，“构件”可以具有空气或其他气体的流动的形式，靠着幅W的部分或在其附近。预热器18加上保持到特定的目标温度的衬背构件24的组合的作用有效地将幅W在打印区20内维持在大约45℃到大约65℃的预先确定的温度范围内。
当部分成像的幅贯穿打印站20移动以接收多种颜色的墨时，要求将幅的温度维持在给定的范围内。在典型地明显高于接收幅的温度的温度下进行喷墨，且因此将加热周围的纸张(或任何形成了幅W的物质)。因此，在区20内与幅接触或在幅附近的构件必须被调整，使得维持希望的幅温度。例如，虽然衬背构件将影响幅温度，但在幅前和幅后的空气温度和空气流量也将影响幅温度，且因此在控制幅温度时必须考虑，且因此将通过利用打印站20内在幅后方的吹风机或风扇来影响幅温度。
因此，为在打印区20内从打印头喷射所有的墨，幅温度保持大体上均匀。此均匀性对于维持图像质量是重要的，且特别是对于维持恒定的墨侧向展开(即越过幅W的宽度，例如垂直于处理方向P)和幅的恒定的墨渗透是重要的。取决于特定的墨和幅的热特性，此幅温度均匀性可以通过将幅预热且使用不受控制的衬背构件实现，和/或通过将不同的衬背构件24A、24B、24C、24D控制到不同的温度以保持基底温度大体上在整个打印站中是恒定的而实现。与幅W相关的温度传感器(未示出)可以与控制系统一起使用以实现此目的，以及与用于测量或推断(例如从图像数据)在给定的时间多少给定原色的墨从打印头施加到幅W的系统一起使用。多种衬背构件可以使用来自其附近的打印头的输入数据以及来自打印站内其他打印头的输入数据单独地被控制。
沿幅路径，在打印区20后是一系列张力滚子26，随后是一个或多个“中间加热器”30。中间加热器30可以使用接触、辐射、传导和/或对流加热使幅W到达目标温度。中间加热器30使得当幅上的墨通过扩展器40发送时放置在幅上的墨达到适合于希望的特性的温度。在一个实施例中，用于中间加热器的目标温度的有用的范围是大约35℃到大约80℃。中间加热器30的效果是将墨和基底的温度均等为相互之间大约在大约15℃内。较低的墨温度引起了较小的线扩展，而较高的墨温度导致了透示(从打印的另一侧可见图像)。中间加热器30将基底和墨温度调整到扩展器温度以上0℃至20℃，如将在下文中描述。
沿幅W的路径在中间加热器30后方是“扩展器”40，该扩展器40向幅W施加了预先确定的压力，且在一些实施中施加了热。扩展器40的功能是获取幅W上的基本上隔离的小墨滴，且将它们抹去以通过压力且在一个实施例中通过热实现连续层，使得邻近的滴之间的空间被填充且图像固体变得均匀。除扩展墨外，扩展器40也可以通过增加墨层的凝聚和/或增加墨幅的附着而改进图像持久。扩展器40包括滚子，例如图像侧的滚子42和压力滚子44，它们将热和压力施加到幅W。任一个滚子可以包括加热元件，例如46，以使得幅W达到大约35℃到大约80℃的范围内的温度。
在一个实际的实施例中，在扩展器40内的滚子温度维持在大约55℃；一般地，较低的滚子温度引起较小的线扩展，而较高的温度导致光泽的缺陷。高于大约57℃的滚子温度导致墨偏移到滚子。在一个实际的实施例中，压区的压力被设定在大约500至大约2000psi磅/侧的范围内。较低的压区压力引起较小的线扩展，而较高的压区压力可能降低压力滚子的寿命。
扩展器40也可以包括与图像侧滚子42相关的清洁/加油站48，它适合于清洁和/或施加某种润滑剂或其他材料的层到滚子表面。该站将扩展器滚子的表面涂敷以例如氨基硅树脂油的润滑剂，其粘性为大约10至200厘泊。仅要求小量的油，且由幅W携带出的油仅大约为每张A4尺寸的页面1至10mg。
在一个可能的实施例中，中间加热器30和扩展器40可以组合在单一的单元内，使其各功能相对于幅W的相同的部分同时发生。
在此实施例中，在扩展器40后打印机包括“光泽器”50，光泽器50的功能是改变图像的光泽(这样的光泽器在实际的实施中可以考虑为“选择项”)。光泽器50施加预先确定的温度和压力的组合，以获得刚由扩展器40扩展的墨上的希望的光泽量。另外，光泽器滚子表面可以具有使用者希望印在墨表面上的质地。光泽器50包括两个滚子(图像侧滚子52和压力滚子54)，它们形成了压区，幅W通过该压区。在一个实际的实施例中，扩展器40处的控制温度大约为35℃至大约80℃，且光泽器50处的控制温度大约为30℃至大约70℃。
在扩展器40和光泽器50的每个中，接触了幅的带墨侧的图像侧滚子42或52典型地具有合理的硬度，例如由阳极化处理的铝制成。在每个情况中，对于压力滚子44或54使用了相对地较柔软的滚子，其任何位置的硬度计值为大约50D至大约65D，其弹性模量为大约65Mpa至大约115Mpa，且可以包括薄的弹性体覆层。在多种实际的应用中，可以提供一层或多层的弹性体或橡胶压力滚子，其有效弹性模量从大约50Mpa至大约200Mpa。
在实际的实施中，与扩展器40和光泽器50相关的各温度的详细和独立的控制(通过未示出的控制系统)实现了对给定的特定运行条件和希望的打印属性的光泽调整。
在扩展器40和光泽器50的每个内，滚子对的靠着幅W的典型的压力为大约500至大约2000磅/平方英寸。与墨配方相适地调整压力，该墨配方足够软使得高压将导致过度的扩展。也可以在光泽器50内提供带有不同表面质地的图像侧滚子52，使得以较高的温度和压力可将质地印在墨表面内。
本领域一般技术人员将认识到的是用于有效地扩展给定配方的墨的温度和压力将取决于墨的特定的热特性。如果在给定的实施中使用基于溶剂或基于水的墨(即非相变墨)，则墨将不必然地以墨滴落在介质上，而是将一般地自身扩展开且因此形成光滑的层，例如使得扩展器40和其他元件的效果不确定。类似地，涉及染料或墨在例如织造或针织织物的大体上多孔的基底上的放置的教示不必然地适用于本披露，因为，例如，如扩展器40的扩展器在布上的使用可能导致墨被推过布。为此原因和其他原因，涉及将基于溶剂或基于水的墨施加到多种类型的幅的许多教示不适用于本论述。
在通过扩展器40和光泽器50后，打印的幅可以在另一侧上成像，且然后被切割为页，例如用于装订(未示出)。虽然在大体上连续的幅上的打印在实施例中示出，但要求的发明也可以应用于切割片系统。可以选择不同的预热温度、中间加热温度和扩展器温度设定点，以用于不同类型和重量的幅介质。
如最初提出的且可修改的权利要求书包括在此披露的实施例和教示的变化、替代、修改、改进、等价物和大体上的等价物，包括目前不可预见的或不可意识到的那些，和例如可以从申请人/专利权人和其他人处得到的。

Claims (4)

1.一种打印设备，包括：
用于将基底移动通过路径的装置；
用于使基底达到预先确定的预热温度的预热器；
沿路径布置在预热器下游的打印站，打印站包括至少一个用于将相变墨施加到基底的打印头，且进一步包括用于将基底的温度维持在预先确定的墨接收温度范围内的装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，预热器使基底达到大约30℃至大约70℃范围的预热温度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备，打印站包括大体上与打印头相对地布置在基底的相对侧上的衬背构件，衬背构件导致基底达到预先确定的墨接收温度范围。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备，衬背构件使基底达到大约40℃至大约60℃范围的墨接收温度，其中相变墨在施加到基底上时的温度为大约100℃至大约140℃。
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