CN101253321A - 对汽缸衬筒外表面镀膜的方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/0081—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product pretreatment of the insert, e.g. for enhancing the bonding between insert and surrounding cast metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/024—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
本发明提供一种汽缸衬筒外表面镀膜的方法，包括以下步骤：清洗外表面；通过电刷和/或喷射法使该外表面变粗糙；在该外表面涂上助熔剂；将该汽缸衬筒的弧形外表面沿轴长的一小段浸入主要成分为锌、并包含铝和铜两种成份的合金熔液中；绕其长轴转动该汽缸衬筒，直到在该汽缸衬筒外表面形成一层金属层，该金属层为以锌为主要成分的合金，并且覆盖在该汽缸衬筒的整个外表面上；从所述合金熔液中取出该汽缸衬筒。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的上位概念的对汽缸衬筒外表面镀膜的方法。
背景技术
为了减轻汽车的重量并节省行驶时所需的燃料，汽缸油箱通常会使用轻质材料，特别是铝浇铸而成。但是这种方法制造的汽缸油箱摩擦特性不好，在主要由铁比如灰口铸铁制造汽缸油箱时，汽缸油箱内的衬筒需要一起被浇铸。因此会出现这样的问题，必须牢固地固定汽缸油箱内的衬筒，并保证在衬筒和油箱之间能够充分散热。为了解决该问题，通过后序的切削工序使汽缸衬筒的外表面变粗糙。然而这种方法带来的问题是，会使位于该浇铸到汽缸油箱内的汽缸衬筒之间的转向片非常宽，因此汽缸衬筒所需的空间也会非常大。
发动机发展的方向是，在相同的功率下缩小发动机、使其具有应急转向性能、减小每个汽缸衬筒之间的距离，此外，还需要改善从燃烧室经汽缸衬筒至汽缸油箱冷却室的散热性能。为了解决这些问题，通常选用灰口铸铁制造的、表面光滑或适当粗糙、而且具有镀膜层的汽缸衬筒来代替生铁衬筒，这样可以保证将汽缸衬筒安全地连接到汽缸油箱的浇铸材料上。
申请号为5333668的美国专利文件公开了一种汽缸衬筒，其采用包含5％的铝并以锌为主要成份的合金作为镀层。这种现有技术的镀层的缺点是其极易氧化，而且强度一般，这种强度会对该镀层与汽缸油箱的浇铸材料的连接质量产生不利影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于避免现有技术的这种缺点，并且提供一种简单、经济的镀膜方法。
通过主权项中揭示的特征可以实现该目的。本发明的从属权项揭示的特征可以实现进一步的目的。
具体实施方式
为此，提供一种汽缸衬筒，以铁为主要原料制造，可以是合金也可以是非合金。优选地，可以使用灰口铸铁制造该汽缸衬筒，这种灰口铸铁可以含有层状石墨、乳状石墨、或球状石墨。这种灰口铸铁可具有铁氧体-珠光体、珠光体、贝氏体、或者奥氏体的基本结构。该汽缸衬筒的外表面可以是光滑的，而且所有其他面的品质应该至少达到晶面的灰口铸铁的品质。为此，需要通过车削方式对该汽缸衬筒的外表面，端面和内侧进行预处理。
为了将汽缸衬筒浇铸到汽缸油箱中，应用的浇铸方法有多种，比如，压力浇铸方法、冲压浇铸方法、重压浇铸方法、或者低压浇铸方法。
该汽缸衬筒使用轻金属铸造材料制造，其中，不仅可以使用以铝为主要成份的浇铸材料，比如EN AC-AlSi10Mg(Fe)、ENAC-AlSi10Mg(Cu)、EN AC-AlSi9Cu3(Fe)、EN AC-AlSi12(Cu)，而且可以使用以氧化镁为主要成份的浇铸材料，比如ENMC-MgAl19Znl(A)、EN MC-MgY4RE3Zr。
在将汽缸衬筒浇铸到汽缸油箱中时，为了保证汽缸衬筒与汽缸油箱的浇铸材料之间的金属连接的安全，采用浸涂方法对汽缸衬筒外侧镀膜。因此需要对其进行以下处理：清洗掉外表面的灰尘和氧化物，然后将该外表面打毛。可以使用电刷和/或喷射对其进行处理，比如，可以喷射粗粒的金刚砂束，即结晶的Al2O3。
紧接着，对该汽缸衬筒外表面进行酸洗和/或涂上助熔剂，为此，可以使用氧化锌-氧化铝-复盐、或者卤砂石(氯化铵)作为助熔剂。其目的在于，防止汽缸衬筒外表面被氧化，从而加速以下所述的金属层的合金的生成。
然后，采用下述的浸渍涂方法为汽缸衬筒外表面镀膜。具体包括：将其浸入一种锌-铝-铜熔液中，该熔液含有3％至12％的铜和2％至理名言％的铝，其余成份为锌。为了加快镀层沉淀硬化的速度，还可以向该熔液中加入最多达1％的镁。
在将该汽缸衬筒浸入所述熔液中时，仅使该汽缸衬筒的弧形外表面沿轴长的一小段浸入，而该汽缸衬筒的内侧不会被浸湿。然后，绕长轴转动该汽缸衬筒，在这过程中，通过超声波使所述熔液高频运动。为了加快该汽缸衬筒的合金和该熔液之间镀层的形成，在由金属生成混合熔液时，需要一个涂层装置，该涂层装置用于将该熔液粘接到汽缸运转面上，以形成金属层。
3至5分钟后，该金属层的厚度达到100μm至300μm，将该汽缸衬筒从合金熔液中取出。然后，将该汽缸衬筒水平固定在一个支架上，该汽缸衬筒上多余的熔液滴落，镀上的金属层变硬。
该合金中所含的铜可以使在镀膜时可能形成的氧化层不会太厚，因此在浇铸时可以很容易将其溶解。该合金熔液的温度需要加热到440℃到520℃之间，以便在浇铸汽缸油箱时该金属层被它的浇铸材料所熔化，从而可以保证汽缸衬筒和汽缸油箱的浇铸材料之间的金属连接的安全。此外，如果需要，可以使用重压铸造方法，将该镀膜的汽缸衬筒加热到300℃到400℃。在采用压力铸造方法生产汽缸油箱时则不需要。
Claims (8)
1.一种对汽缸衬筒外表面镀膜的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
-清洗外表面；
-通过电刷和/或喷射法使该外表面变粗糙；
-在该外表面涂上助熔剂；
-将该汽缸衬筒的弧形外表面沿轴长的一小段浸入主要成分为锌、并包含铝和铜两种成份的合金熔液中；
-绕其长轴转动该汽缸衬筒，直到在该汽缸衬筒外表面形成一层金属层，该金属层为以锌为主要成分的合金，并且覆盖在该汽缸衬筒的整个外表面上；
-从所述合金熔液中取出该汽缸衬筒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，用刚玉喷射汽缸衬筒外表面。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在汽缸衬筒外表面涂上用作助熔剂的氯化锌-氯化铝-复盐。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在汽缸衬筒外表面涂上用作助熔剂的氯化铵。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在锌为主要成份的合金中加入3％至12％的铜和2％至8％的铝。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在锌为主要成份的合金中加入最多1％的镁。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述汽缸衬筒绕其长轴转动3至5分钟。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金属层厚度为100μm至300μm。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005041410.9 | 2005-09-01 | ||
| DE102005041410A DE102005041410A1 (de) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Verfahren zum Beschichten der Außenfläche einer Zylinderlaufbuchse |
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| CN101253321A true CN101253321A (zh) | 2008-08-27 |
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| CNA2006800321472A Pending CN101253321A (zh) | 2005-09-01 | 2006-08-31 | 对汽缸衬筒外表面镀膜的方法 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090258140A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1920150B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2009507159A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101253321A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0615428A2 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE102005041410A1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2421540C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2007025531A1 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103074559A (zh) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-05-01 | 无锡常安通用金属制品有限公司 | 一种防止钢丝热镀锌漏镀的助镀剂 |
| CN104386043A (zh) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-04 | 绵阳精合机电科技有限公司 | 一种内设防锈防腐层的汽车淋水箱及防锈防腐层设置方法 |
| CN111057983A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 | 一种发动机缸体、缸套的制备方法 |
| CN111139418A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-12 | 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 | 发动机缸体、缸套的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011106564A1 (de) | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zylinderlauffläche sowie Zylinderlaufbuchse |
| US8900729B2 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-12-02 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Coated article with low-E coating including zinc oxide inclusive layer(s) with additional metal(s) |
| DE102013219989A1 (de) | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-23 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines gegossenen Bauteils mit einem Einlegeteil |
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| US2634469A (en) * | 1947-06-19 | 1953-04-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Bonding aluminum or aluminum base alloy to ferrous metal by means of an alloy bond |
| GB634599A (en) * | 1947-08-12 | 1950-03-22 | Birmingham Aluminium Casting | Improvements relating to the casting of aluminium on articles or parts made of ferrous metals, or on surfaces of such metals |
| DE821901C (de) * | 1949-12-21 | 1951-11-22 | Max Mangl | Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Zwischenschicht auf Leichtmetall zum Zwecke der spaeteren Verchromung |
| DE1091712B (de) * | 1954-02-08 | 1960-10-27 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zum Angiessen von Leichtmetall an Eisen oder Stahl |
| US2849790A (en) * | 1954-02-08 | 1958-09-02 | Fairchild Engine & Airplane | Joints between iron and light metals |
| US2978764A (en) * | 1957-02-18 | 1961-04-11 | Ford Motor Co | Casting of cored machine parts |
| GB1039339A (en) * | 1962-12-29 | 1966-08-17 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Improvements in or relating to processes of dip-coating articles of steel with hard alloys |
| US3480465A (en) * | 1966-03-30 | 1969-11-25 | Shichiro Ohshima | Method of chemically bonding aluminum or aluminum alloys to ferrous alloys |
| JPS53113721A (en) * | 1977-03-16 | 1978-10-04 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Preparation of cylinder |
| US4261746A (en) * | 1979-10-30 | 1981-04-14 | American Can Company | Flux |
| EP0203198B1 (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1991-01-30 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of reinforcing a metallic article |
| CH670874A5 (zh) * | 1986-02-04 | 1989-07-14 | Castolin Sa | |
| US5292377A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1994-03-08 | Tanaka Galvanizing Co., Ltd. | Flux suitable for coating molten zinc, molten alloy of aluminum and zinc, and molten aluminum |
| US5333668A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1994-08-02 | Reynolds Metals Company | Process for creation of metallurgically bonded inserts cast-in-place in a cast aluminum article |
| US5280820A (en) * | 1992-01-15 | 1994-01-25 | Cmi International | Method for metallurgically bonding cylinder liners to a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine |
| US5491035A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1996-02-13 | The Louis Berkman Company | Coated metal strip |
| JPH0783109A (ja) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-28 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | シリンダライナー |
| JPH09209824A (ja) * | 1996-02-06 | 1997-08-12 | Suzuki Motor Corp | シリンダブロックの製造方法 |
| JPH09209822A (ja) * | 1996-01-30 | 1997-08-12 | Suzuki Motor Corp | シリンダブロックの製造方法 |
| US5945066A (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-08-31 | Griffin; James D. | Zinc-copper based alloy and castings made therefrom |
| JP4495325B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-20 | 2010-07-07 | 株式会社アーレスティ | エンジンブロックの製造方法 |
| JP2003025058A (ja) * | 2001-05-09 | 2003-01-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Ａｌ合金製鋳込み部材とこのＡｌ合金製鋳込み部材の鋳込み方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-09-01 DE DE102005041410A patent/DE102005041410A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-08-31 WO PCT/DE2006/001529 patent/WO2007025531A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-08-31 US US11/991,235 patent/US20090258140A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-08-31 JP JP2008528335A patent/JP2009507159A/ja active Pending
- 2006-08-31 EP EP06791335A patent/EP1920150B1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-08-31 RU RU2008111965/02A patent/RU2421540C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-08-31 BR BRPI0615428-0A patent/BRPI0615428A2/pt active Search and Examination
- 2006-08-31 CN CNA2006800321472A patent/CN101253321A/zh active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103074559A (zh) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-05-01 | 无锡常安通用金属制品有限公司 | 一种防止钢丝热镀锌漏镀的助镀剂 |
| CN104386043A (zh) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-04 | 绵阳精合机电科技有限公司 | 一种内设防锈防腐层的汽车淋水箱及防锈防腐层设置方法 |
| CN104386043B (zh) * | 2014-11-20 | 2017-05-17 | 绵阳精合机电科技有限公司 | 一种内设防锈防腐层的汽车淋水箱及防锈防腐层设置方法 |
| CN111057983A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 | 一种发动机缸体、缸套的制备方法 |
| CN111139418A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-12 | 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 | 发动机缸体、缸套的制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1920150B1 (de) | 2011-12-21 |
| US20090258140A1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
| JP2009507159A (ja) | 2009-02-19 |
| RU2421540C2 (ru) | 2011-06-20 |
| EP1920150A1 (de) | 2008-05-14 |
| DE102005041410A1 (de) | 2007-03-08 |
| RU2008111965A (ru) | 2009-10-20 |
| WO2007025531A1 (de) | 2007-03-08 |
| BRPI0615428A2 (pt) | 2011-05-17 |
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