CN101238799A - Method for breeding large standard high quality nucleus pearl - Google Patents
Method for breeding large standard high quality nucleus pearl Download PDFInfo
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- CN101238799A CN101238799A CNA2007100374141A CN200710037414A CN101238799A CN 101238799 A CN101238799 A CN 101238799A CN A2007100374141 A CNA2007100374141 A CN A2007100374141A CN 200710037414 A CN200710037414 A CN 200710037414A CN 101238799 A CN101238799 A CN 101238799A
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- pearl
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- pearly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a method for nurturing large-sized high quality nucleated pearls, relating to a producing method for nurturing large-sized nucleated pearls, the problems of high mortality of freshwater nucleated pearl pearly mussel, high nuclear spitting rate and bad smooth finish need to be solved. The technology programmes of the invention includes two processes: pearly mussel pearl sac nurturing and nucleated pearl nurturing, which are characterized in that: during the process of pearly mussel pearl sac nurturing, enlarge the small inserted slices into squares of 8mm-10mm, each of the left and right mussel has two squares, the squares are placed in the thickest areas at the middle and back part of the mantle membrane central membrane, after the pearly mussel are nurtured for 2-3 years, fetch the pearls without nuclei in the pearly mussel, insert pearl nuclei of 9-15mm and hanging nurture them in pearl nurturing water area. The invention is suitable for nurturing large sized nucleated pearls.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to cultivate the production method of big specification nucleated pearl.
Background technology
(Hubei Aquatic Scienctific Research Inst.) introduces people when exploring the formation mechanism of pearl in 2004 the 4th phases " landlocked aquatic products " published article " fresh water genuine pearl with pearl transplanting method ", the core of finding pearl is foreign matters such as sand grains, and saying of " foreign matter stimulating into pearl " therefore just arranged.About 13rd century, it is found that the outer embrane secretion pearl of shellfish, therefore, people utilize the mechanism of shellfish jacket membrane secretion pearl and adopt operation method natural imitation foreign matter to stimulate and cultivate nucleated pearl.The operation method that the mechanism of utilizing shellfish jacket membrane to secrete pearl now stimulates in conjunction with foreign matter has become the conventional production methods of nucleated pearl industry.
Along with the development of fresh water pearl industry, pearl production has had and has significantly improved, but the low situation of large standard high quality pearl ratio does not have remarkable improvement.The value of large standard high quality pearl has determined the benefit of industry to a great extent far above common pearl.Therefore, the ratio of raising large standard high quality pearl is the problem that development fresh water pearl industry need solve.The ratio of large standard high quality pearl mainly is subjected to the influence of two kinds of factors, and the one, the germplasm of pearl culturing clam, the 2nd, the breeding method of pearl.
In recent years, Shanghai Aquatic Products Univ. 9CN) adopts modern biotechnology to screen and has cultivated the pearl culturing clam new varieties, improved the germplasm of pearl culturing clam, but the fresh water pearl breeding method stays cool always.At present, the breeding method of fresh water pearl is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is to cultivate fresh water not have nucleus pearl, and another kind is to cultivate fresh water genuine pearl with pearl.The major defect that cultivation fresh water does not have nucleus pearl is that culture-cycle large standard high quality pearl ratio long, output is low, cultivates the specification that fresh water genuine pearl with pearl can shorten the culture-cycle greatly, improve the pearl of cultivating.But at present there is more problem in the nucleated pearl breeding method, shows that mainly pearl culturing clam tells nuclear rate height, the lethality height, the nucleated pearl fineness of cultivating poor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention need solve fresh water genuine pearl with pearl pearl culturing clam lethality height, tell the problem of nuclear rate height and fineness difference.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises that the employing pearl culturing clam is cultivated pearl sac and nucleated pearl is cultivated two flow processs, it is characterized in that cultivating in the pearl sac flow process at pearl culturing clam, it is square that film-making cell small pieces are increased to 8mm～10mm, plant each two on sheet number left and right sides shell, plant the postmedian the thickest zone of sheet position at the outer embrane central membrane, pearl culturing clam is cultivated the no nucleus pearl that after 2～3 years pearl culturing clam is formed and is taken out, and keeps hanging on the waters of growing cultured pearls after inserting the pearl nuclear of 9～15mm then.
The present invention is owing to the slotting nuclear paster link with present nucleated pearl resolves into two unit, reduced on the one hand in the slotting nuclear process stimulation to pearl culturing clam, reduced the pearl culturing clam freshwater mussel age of operation for the first time on the other hand, the nuclear rate of telling that helps improving the survival rate of pearl culturing clam and reduce pearl culturing clam, facts have proved and adopt this method survival rate to be higher than 90%, tell the nuclear rate and be lower than 15%; The present invention directly inserts ripe pearl sac with pearl nuclear, complete and the uniform mechanism of secretion nacre of the outer embrane pearl sac that pearl culturing clam in the seedless pearl cultivating process of fresh water is formed is transferred in the cultivation technology of fresh water genuine pearl with pearl, two kinds of technology are organically combined, form a kind of method of cultivating large standard high quality nucleus pearl, improve pearl culturing clam outer embrane pearl sac and secreted the nacreous uniformity, and then improved the fineness of the nucleated pearl that produces; Because pearl culturing clam has formed than the large pearl capsule, transplanting pearl nuclear diameter can reach 15mm, has improved the specification of nucleated pearl.
Embodiment
To prepare before the sheet to select freshwater mussel to be no more than the artificial culture freshwater mussel that 1 full age, the long 7cm～9cm of clam shell, individual weight be not less than 20g age be the operation freshwater mussel cultivating planting of pearl sac stage in the present invention; The operation freshwater mussel outward appearance freshwater mussel body that requirement is chosen is abundant, shell is bright in colour, bright, be dark green neat to cyanic colours or yellowish-brown, the fast growth of each season of growth, growth line at a distance of 2cm～3cm, the intact wound of freshwater mussel body, ventral margin, have that tangible yellowish-brown periostracum, the plump delicacy of outer embrane are white in color, do not break away from that shell, enteron aisle contain that food is full, abdominal foot is big and fleshy, physique is healthy and strong, frightened back two shell rapid closings, water spray are strong, planting the sheet freshwater mussel requires front end round, the freshwater mussel body is than puff, injured freshwater mussel or ill freshwater mussel are rejected in freshwater mussel check one by one during selection; The operation freshwater mussel is supported temporarily when 20 ℃ of left and right sides of water temperature, supports 10d temporarily from numerous personal freshwater mussel, and the freshwater mussel that buy in the other places is supported 30d temporarily, is as the criterion with the freshwater mussel fertilizer of recuperating, and hangs the mode of supporting with mesh bag or net cage and supports temporarily, supports density temporarily and is no more than 300,000/ha; The all solids apparatus is used the boiling water scalding before using;
Cell small pieces film-making operation is undertaken by the flow process of selecting freshwater mussel → cut open freshwater mussel → contaminate → open film → take off exocuticle → flush away mucus dirt → cut colo(u)r streak → deburring → section, produce small pieces with strip masking process, the cell small pieces are square with 8mm～10mm to be good, thickness is between 0.4mm～0.6mm, the setting of one cutter, otch is neat, and the small pieces of a freshwater mussel are made and should be finished in 2min, the small pieces front must not damage or abrade, and can not have colo(u)r streak residual; The small pieces that make splash into PVP Precerving liquid protection immediately, and that the small pieces that make should keep is moistening, keep clean, must not the Exposure to Sunlight wind, polluted by dirt, must not put for a long time, and answer slottingly while make, finish with 5min interpolation kind and to be advisable;
Planting sheet operation is undertaken by the flow process of selecting freshwater mussel → open shell → jump a queue → contaminate → choose sheet → wound → plant sheet → full circle → go to fill in → label, plant the careful light and slow shell of opening of sheet requirement, the distance that the bivalve struts is between 0.7cm～0.8cm, plant the sheet position with the postmedian of outer embrane central membrane, place that the gill can hide for well, but can not surpass 1/2nd of freshwater mussel body length, 2 of every side wounds, about 1cm, the wound size can make the cell small pieces insert at interval; Send the sheet pin should choose center at the cell small pieces, the exocuticle of cell small pieces should twist in the inside, insertion plant the sheet freshwater mussel pallial in the connective tissue between the exocuticle, withdraw from then and send the sheet pin, use the wound pin with the small pieces full circle simultaneously, choose sheet, wound, plant sheet, once success of full circle, reach horizontal and insert, lifting-hook, vertical bag, coordination unanimity; Insert good sheet and drip the thimerosal sterilization at wound immediately, pull out solid mouthful of stopper then, support in the fresh water that flows slightly, water quality should meet the regulation of NY5051; The time that every freshwater mussel is planted sheet should finish in 5min; That finishes inoculation operation plants the sheet freshwater mussel, keeps hanging on the waters of growing cultured pearls as early as possible, hangs and supports standby slotting nuclear after 2～3 years;
Select to cultivate 2～3 years by above-mentioned steps, the freshwater mussel body is abundant, the shell lovely luster, light, be dark green to cyanic colours or yellowish-brown, the fast growth of each season of growth, growth line is at a distance of 2cm～3cm, the intact wound of freshwater mussel body, ventral margin is neat, tangible yellowish-brown periostracum is arranged, the plump delicacy of outer embrane is white in color, must not break away from shell, it is full that enteron aisle contains food, abdominal foot is big and fleshy, the physique stalwartness, frightened back two shell rapid closings, water spray is strong, pearl sac expands intact operation freshwater mussel and cultivates nucleated pearl; Injured freshwater mussel, ill freshwater mussel are rejected in freshwater mussel check one by one when selecting the operation freshwater mussel;
The operation freshwater mussel that is used to cultivate nucleated pearl is supported temporarily when 20 ℃ of left and right sides of water temperature, supports 10d temporarily from numerous personal freshwater mussel, and the freshwater mussel that buy in the other places is supported 30d temporarily, is as the criterion with the freshwater mussel fertilizer of recuperating; The mode of supporting is temporarily hung foster with mesh bag or net cage, support density temporarily and be no more than 30,000/ha; The all solids apparatus must be used the boiling water scalding before using;
Select fresh, pure white, thick shell to cut → beat angle → grinding → physics polishing → bleaching → chemical polishing and be processed into spherical bead nuclear, pearl nuclear want slick and sly, bright and clean, pure oneself, specification 9～15mm, pearl nuclear washs with the watery hydrochloric acid of 15-30% earlier, clean to the pH value neutral with alkaline detergent solution again, after placing boiling water 3-5min sterilizing at last, be immersed in the Precerving liquid standby;
Insert the nuclear flow process for selecting freshwater mussel → open shell → jump a queue → contaminate → whole gill → take out seedless pearl → slotting nuclear → full circle → go plug → label; Insert nuclear and require the careful light and slow shell of opening, the distance that the bivalve struts is slightly larger than the diameter of pearl nuclear; Giving birth to wound on the outer embrane pearl sac of seedless pearl with the wound pin, with tweezers seedless pearl is taken out again, with nucleus sending device pearl nuclear is sent into pearl sac then, insert and drip the thimerosal sterilization at wound immediately after the nuclear operation is finished, pull out solid mouthful of stopper then, make the dew vacancy reason about 20min, support at last in the fresh water that flows slightly, water quality should meet the regulation of NY5051; Every freshwater mussel inserts nuclear and plants the time of sheet and should finish in 5min; Finish the freshwater mussel that inserts the nuclear operation and keep hanging on the waters of growing cultured pearls.
Claims (1)
1. method of cultivating large standard high quality nucleus pearl, comprise and adopt pearl culturing clam to cultivate pearl sac and two flow processs of nucleated pearl cultivation, it is characterized in that cultivating in the pearl sac flow process at pearl culturing clam, it is square that film-making cell small pieces are increased to 8mm～10mm, plant each two on sheet number left and right sides shell, plant the postmedian the thickest zone of sheet position at the outer embrane central membrane, pearl culturing clam is cultivated the no nucleus pearl that after 2～3 years pearl culturing clam is formed and is taken out, and keeps hanging on the waters of growing cultured pearls after inserting the pearl nuclear of 9～15mm then.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007100374141A CN101238799A (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2007-02-09 | Method for breeding large standard high quality nucleus pearl |
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| CNA2007100374141A CN101238799A (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2007-02-09 | Method for breeding large standard high quality nucleus pearl |
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| CN101238799A true CN101238799A (en) | 2008-08-13 |
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| CNA2007100374141A Pending CN101238799A (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2007-02-09 | Method for breeding large standard high quality nucleus pearl |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101849521A (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2010-10-06 | 雷州市宝贝珍珠养殖有限公司 | Nucleus inserting and pearl culturing method for self-absorbing pearl nucleus of pearl shell |
| CN102160530A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-08-24 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for culturing nucleated pearls by using magnetic attraction fixed pearl nucleuses |
| CN103598129A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method for cultivating iridescence fresh water pearls |
| CN104756915A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-08 | 广东海洋大学 | Cultivation method of colorful seawater pearls |
| CN105284677A (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2016-02-03 | 王小凤 | Pearl nucleus soak solution capable of breeding large-grained nucleated pearl |
| CN105284668A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-02-03 | 北海市铁山港区生产力促进中心 | Method for examining nucleus-spitting cowries for cultivation of seawater pearls |
| CN104904641B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-06-16 | 谢秉文 | A kind of inoculation method of the hydriopsis cumingii positive round without nucleus pearl |
| CN111528148A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-08-14 | 抚州市水产科学研究所 | Method for rapidly cultivating high-quality nucleated pearls by using hyriopsis schlegeli |
| CN113632753A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-11-12 | 何勇 | Nucleated pearl transplanting and breeding method |
-
2007
- 2007-02-09 CN CNA2007100374141A patent/CN101238799A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101849521A (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2010-10-06 | 雷州市宝贝珍珠养殖有限公司 | Nucleus inserting and pearl culturing method for self-absorbing pearl nucleus of pearl shell |
| CN102160530A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-08-24 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for culturing nucleated pearls by using magnetic attraction fixed pearl nucleuses |
| CN102160530B (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-12-26 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for culturing nucleated pearls by using magnetic attraction fixed pearl nucleuses |
| CN103598129A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method for cultivating iridescence fresh water pearls |
| CN105284668A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-02-03 | 北海市铁山港区生产力促进中心 | Method for examining nucleus-spitting cowries for cultivation of seawater pearls |
| CN104756915A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-08 | 广东海洋大学 | Cultivation method of colorful seawater pearls |
| CN104756915B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2018-08-10 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of breeding method of colorful sea water pearls |
| CN104904641B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-06-16 | 谢秉文 | A kind of inoculation method of the hydriopsis cumingii positive round without nucleus pearl |
| CN105284677A (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2016-02-03 | 王小凤 | Pearl nucleus soak solution capable of breeding large-grained nucleated pearl |
| CN111528148A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-08-14 | 抚州市水产科学研究所 | Method for rapidly cultivating high-quality nucleated pearls by using hyriopsis schlegeli |
| CN113632753A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-11-12 | 何勇 | Nucleated pearl transplanting and breeding method |
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Open date: 20080813 |