CN110122380A - A kind of north waters calico bass artificial breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of north waters calico bass artificial breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122380A CN110122380A CN201910483003.8A CN201910483003A CN110122380A CN 110122380 A CN110122380 A CN 110122380A CN 201910483003 A CN201910483003 A CN 201910483003A CN 110122380 A CN110122380 A CN 110122380A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field of fish culture, specially a kind of northern waters calico bass artificial breeding method.Including parent population selection, parent fish rearing, artificial induced spawning and insemination, seed rearing, wild flowers perch seedling, which is carried out domesticating and cultivating, becomes adult fish, tames and screens by parent population, lays in high-quality parent population, become the breeding of colored perch industrialization.The fry of the artificial breeding of calico bass is provided for northern waters, has broken the limitation of traditional natural condition, and protects natural resources, maintains the ecological balance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of fish culture, specially a kind of northern waters calico bass artificial breeding method.
Background technique
Flower perch is also known as perch, jewfish, stockaded village are spent, and is under the jurisdiction of Perciformes, Sushi section, flower perch category.It is distributed mainly on China, day
Originally, the Korea peninsula is coastal.Flower perch is quite welcome by ordinary consumer because of its delicious meat, is the conventional class of China's sea-farming
One of with the high-quality fish of freshwater aquiculture.Due to flower perch it is strong to water temperature, salinity scanning, have become at present culture fishery by
One of kind of concern is suitble to the sea water and fresh water waters cultivation of China north and south Different Climatic Zones.Flower perch cultivation is first opened from south China
Begin and develops into scale, now according to the market demand, gradually north area extension.Some salt-fresh waters and freshwater culture experiment
Also success is achieved, shows that perch cultivation is spent also to have wide development space in China's inland waters, from aquaculture organism and fish products
Quality and evaluation of economic benefit, flower perch can be set down for a long time as the important breed variety in a suitable China.
In recent years, flower perch cultivation scale constantly expands, and is supported, pond culture, is developed to by the port of phase early 1970s
The high density intensive culture mode such as modern seawater cage culture, industrial aquaculture.However the full artificial breeding system of flower perch is also
It does not set up, the main reason is that northern waters, the flower perch natural propagation phase is in autumn and winter, the difficulty of natural bait culture at this time
Greatly, human resources are difficult to ensure, artificial propagation work is caused to be difficult to arrange；Moreover, the seed produced, need it is overwintering,
Aquaculture cost is high.Therefore, seldom using the farm of artificial seed in northern waters, it usually fishes for nature fry and is tamed
Cultivation, this not only breaks up marine fish resource, violates national fishery legislation, does not also meet aquaculture sustainable and healthy development and want
It asks.Simultaneously as the seed size naturally caught is small, survival rate is low, is difficult to form marketable fish in northern current year, therefore send out energetically
The artificial breeding of flower perch is opened up, culture large size seedling seed is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
Be mostly natural fishing for prior art north waters flower perch seed, seed size is small, survival rate it is low it is above-mentioned not
Foot, the present invention provide a kind of northern waters calico bass artificial breeding method, to solve the above technical problems.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of north waters calico bass artificial breeding method, including parent population selection, parent fish rearing, artificial induced spawning and insemination, seedling
Kind is cultivated,
(1) parent population selects: the flower perch of larger individual is caught as the selecting object of parent population first with sea, and raun selects:
2kg or more, body surface light is good lossless, and abdomen expands softness, and gonopore is loose and ruddy；Milter selection: it is physical strong, body surface without
Damage, gently presses abdomen with hand, it is seen that gonopore flows out sticky sperm.
(2) parent fish rearing: 20 ± 0.5 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 30 ‰, using living body perinereis aibihitensis Grube as the bait of parent population
Material carrys out timing and is fed, and feeding volume is fed by the 2-3% of weight, allows parent population to feed to form rule, by 80-100 days
Cultivation.It is fed using living body perinereis aibihitensis Grube, is conducive to sea and catches the domestication of parent population, and have a large amount of parent populations in perinereis aibihitensis Grube body
Required essential amino acid when growth and development can be supplied to essence, a large amount of nutrition of egg cell, when guaranteeing its later period nursery at
Motility rate.
(3) artificial induced spawning and insemination: when the parent population development of ovary is to IV phase using ocyodinic chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), promote
Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog (LRH-A3) carries out intramuscular injection to parent population, and injection dosage is by every kilogram of fish body weight
HCG1000IU+LRH-A325μg；Every 2h observation is primary after injecting 48h, after its egg maturation in the way of artificial crowded ovum
Ovum is squeezed out, takes out sperm with method；It is inseminated using half wet process, after twenty minutes, clean fertilized eggs are put into container for fertilization
Hatching；Under conditions of 17-20 DEG C of water temperature, shell is originally hatched after 55-65h.
(4) seed rearing:
1st day: when incubating oosperm is at newly hatched larvae, newly hatched larvae being put into seed cultivation pool, breeding density is
8000 tail of per cubic meter of water, 18 DEG C of water temperature, salinity is 30 ‰, and prelarva be averaged long 4.27 ㎜ of body, and mouth is not opened, and yolk bag is in oval
Shape, oily ball are located at yolk bag front end, and alimentary canal is very thin and straight, shorter, and newly hatched larvae travelling ability is weak, do the fortune of intermittence
It is dynamic.
3rd day: feeding wheel animalcule (5/ml) when beginning and chlorella (1,000,000/ml) is added to adjust water colour, micro- water that changes (changes water
10%) amount is, the prelarva body that be averaged grows 5 ㎜, and mouth has turned on, and mobility is stronger, and can ingest wheel animalcule.
Start within 10th day, wheel animalcule feeding volume increases (8-10/ml), and chlorella amount increases (ten thousand/ml of 150-200), quantity of exchanged water
It increases (quantity of exchanged water 30%), mobility is stronger, starts the wheel animalcule that largely ingests.
Start within 20th day, feed artemia nauplii, quantity of exchanged water reaches a daily circulation (quantity of exchanged water is at this time
100%).Body length reaches 7.10 ㎜ or so, starts ingest artemia nauplii and Small Copepods.
Start within 60th day, tame mixed feed, quantity of exchanged water is enlarged to daily three circulations.Fish body is up to 22.53 ㎜ or so,
Start domestication and feed mixed feed and fritter iced trash fish etc., is fed by the 25% of weight.At this point, juvenile fish enters large size fingerling
It cultivates, using cultivation in 60 days, body length can be launched directly in pond after reaching 8~10 ㎝, carry out adult fish culture.At this time
It launches, survival rate is higher.
Start within 90th day, carry out seed screening, by same specification fry point within the same pond, density domination is stood often
Square 1000 tail of rice.
Starting within 120th day, fry specification can reach 10cm or so, and Tu Chi can be carried out at this time to put in a suitable place to breed, high survival rate.
Further, in step (2) parent fish rearing, parent population is passed through to cultivation in 90 days.
Further, in step (3) artificial induced spawning and insemination, under conditions of 18 DEG C of water temperature, shell is hatched after 60h.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are,
Northern waters calico bass artificial breeding method of the invention, the effect of acquirement are as follows:
Wild flowers perch seedling, which is carried out domesticating and cultivating, becomes adult fish, tames and screens by parent population, lays in high-quality parent population, become
The breeding of flower perch industrialization.
It is formulated through condition standardizations such as overnutrition, illumination, salinity, temperature, monitors parent population survival rate, growing state, sexual gland
Development condition etc..So that parent population is advanced optimized cultivating condition, is allowed to form the guarantee for the industrialization production not being subject to seasonal restrictions.
Fertilized eggs are obtained by modes such as artificial insemination or natural spawnings respectively, and compare ovum and essence under two ways
Protonatomic mass is observed embryonic development situation and survives situation, the Fertilized quality of acquisition is assessed with this.
It solves the problems, such as that starter diet is the key that colored perch larvae cultivation, can improve by strengthening live bait culture and cultivate water
Body environmental condition, to effectively improve survival rate.Calico bass body specification may be sold when reaching 5cm or so, or be transferred to fish
Kind is cultivated.
In short, northern waters calico bass artificial breeding method of the invention, provides the artificial of calico bass for north waters
The fry of breeding, has broken the limitation of traditional natural condition, and protects natural resources, maintains the ecological balance.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, below in conjunction with of the invention real
It applies in example, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
It is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
The model that the present invention protects all should belong in member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work
It encloses.
Embodiment 1
(1) the selection step of parent population: the flower perch for catching larger individual first with sea selects as the selecting object of parent population
Individual is larger, and in vitro without obvious hard defects, energetic, body colour is normal, and physical strong fish is as parent population.
Before selecting parent population, first to identify male and female.Can there are 9 stern fin rays, 15 dorsal fins according to fin ray number, raun first
Item；And milter only has 8 stern fin rays, 14 Dorsal fin spines.Secondly, can be according to body size difference, raun head round blunt, body be short and thick；
Milter head is sharper, and body is elongated.Third, can direct flicking abdomen, flow sticky sperm person for hero, be otherwise female.
Raun selection: 2kg or more, body surface light is good lossless, and abdomen expands softness, and gonopore is loose and ruddy.Milter selection:
Physical strong, body surface is lossless, gently presses abdomen with hand, it is seen that gonopore flows out sticky sperm.
(2) parent fish rearing: wild parent population ingests and irregular, using living body perinereis aibihitensis Grube as the bait of parent population,
Carry out timing to be fed, allows parent population to feed to form rule, by cultivation in 90 days or so, parent population sexual gland can reach for V phase.It utilizes
Living body perinereis aibihitensis Grube is fed, when being conducive to sea and catch the domestication of parent population, and having a large amount of parent population growth and development in perinereis aibihitensis Grube body
Required essential amino acid can be supplied to essence, a large amount of nutrition of egg cell, guarantee survival rate when its later period nursery.
Female milter can be distinguished according to the size that fish body thigh is swelled, and swell big for raun, and no significant change is hero
Fish.Gently press raun two sides with hand at this time, abdomen has an outflow of ovum grain, and ovum is transparent in yellowish, and it is full glossy, it is uniform in size,
Ovum diameter is averaged 700um or more, and milter has the outflow of milky sperm, there is certain viscosity, meets water dispersion.
(3) artificial induced spawning and insemination: when the parent population development of ovary is to IV phase using ocyodinic chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), promote
Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog (LRH-A3) injects parent population；Every 2h observation is primary after injecting 48h, to its egg cell at
Ovum is squeezed out in the way of artificial crowded ovum after ripe, just before giving birth parent population will pick up and be put into fish cloth clamp, while mentioning fish and being discharged
Cloacal aperture is pushed down with hand, to prevent ovum, essence outflow, fish body table moisture is sucked with clean towel, slowly pushes parent population from front to back
Abdomen acquires ovum and sperm respectively, enters beaker；It is inseminated using half wet process, collected ovum and sperm is blended in simultaneously
One reinstates after hand is gently mixed uniformly and suitable quantity of water can be added is stirred again, allows it to be sufficiently fertilized, fertilization after twenty minutes, will be cleaned
Fertilized eggs be put into hatching in container；Under conditions of 18 DEG C of water temperature, shell is originally hatched after 60h.
(4) seed rearing:
1st day: when incubating oosperm is at newly hatched larvae, newly hatched larvae being put into seed cultivation pool, breeding density is
8000 tail of per cubic meter of water, 18 DEG C of water temperature, salinity is 30 ‰, and prelarva be averaged long 4.27 ㎜ of body, and mouth is not opened, and yolk bag is in oval
Shape, oily ball are located at yolk bag front end, and alimentary canal is very thin and straight, shorter, and newly hatched larvae travelling ability is weak, do the fortune of intermittence
It is dynamic.
3rd day: feeding wheel animalcule when beginning and chlorella is added to adjust water colour, micro- to change water, the prelarva body that be averaged grows 5 ㎜, and mouth has been opened
It opens, mobility is stronger, and can ingest wheel animalcule.
Start within 10th day, wheel animalcule feeding volume increases, and chlorella amount increases, and quantity of exchanged water increases, and mobility is stronger, starts big
Measure the wheel animalcule that ingests.
Start within 20th day, feed artemia nauplii, quantity of exchanged water reaches a daily circulation at this time.Body length reaches 7.10 ㎜
Left and right, starts ingest artemia nauplii and Small Copepods.
Start within 60th day, tame mixed feed, quantity of exchanged water is enlarged to daily three circulations.Fish body is up to 22.53 ㎜ or so,
Start domestication and feeds mixed feed and fritter iced trash fish etc..
Start within 90th day, carry out seed screening, by same specification fry point within the same pond, density domination is stood often
Square 1000 tail of rice.
Starting within 120th day, fry specification can reach 10cm or so, and Tu Chi can be carried out at this time to put in a suitable place to breed, high survival rate.
Although by reference to and combine preferred embodiment mode to the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not
It is limited to this.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the premise in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can be to reality of the invention
Apply example and carry out various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions all should in covering scope of the invention/it is any ripe
It knows those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, should all cover
Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of north waters calico bass artificial breeding method, which is characterized in that including parent population selection, parent fish rearing, manually urge
It produces and inseminates, seed rearing,
(1) parent population selects: catch the flower perch of larger individual first with sea as the selecting object of parent population, raun selects: 2kg with
On, body surface light is good lossless, and abdomen expands softness, and gonopore is loose and ruddy；Milter selection: physical strong, body surface is lossless, uses hand
Light pressure abdomen, it is seen that gonopore flows out sticky sperm；
(2) parent fish rearing: 20 ± 0.5 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 30 ‰ is come using living body perinereis aibihitensis Grube as the bait of parent population
Timing is fed, and feeding volume is fed by the 2-3% of weight, allows parent population to feed to form rule, by training in 80-100 days
It educates；
(3) artificial induced spawning and insemination: when the parent population development of ovary is to IV phase using ocyodinic chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), promote corpus luteum
Hormone-releasing hormone analog (LRH-A3) carries out intramuscular injection to parent population, and injection dosage is HCG1000IU+ by every kilogram of fish body weight
LRH-A325μg；Every 2h observation is primary after injecting 48h, is squeezed ovum in the way of artificial crowded ovum after its egg maturation
Out, sperm is taken out with method；It is inseminated using half wet process, fertilization after twenty minutes, clean fertilized eggs is put into container and are hatched；In water
Under conditions of warm 17-20 DEG C, shell is hatched after 55-65h；
(4) seed rearing:
1st day: when incubating oosperm is at newly hatched larvae, newly hatched larvae being put into seed cultivation pool, breeding density is often to stand
Square 8000 tail of meter Shui Ti, 18 DEG C of water temperature, salinity be 30 ‰, prelarva be averaged body grow 4.27 ㎜；
3rd day: wheel animalcule (5/ml) is fed when beginning and chlorella (1,000,000/ml) is added to adjust water colour, it is micro- to change water (quantity of exchanged water is
10%), prelarva is averaged long 5 ㎜ of body；
Start within 10th day, wheel animalcule feeding volume increases (8-10/ml), and chlorella amount increases (ten thousand/ml of 150-200), and quantity of exchanged water increases
(quantity of exchanged water 30%)；
Start within 20th day, feed artemia nauplii, 100%) it is that body is long that quantity of exchanged water, which reaches a daily circulating picture-changing water, at this time
Reach 7.10 ㎜；
Start within 60th day, tame mixed feed, quantity of exchanged water is enlarged to daily three circulations, and fish body is up to 22.53 ㎜, starts to tame
Mixed feed and fritter iced trash fish are fed, is fed by the 25% of weight；
Start within 90th day, carry out seed screening, by same specification fry point within the same pond, density domination is at every cubic metre
1000 tails；
Start within 120th day, fry specification can reach 8-10cm, can carry out Tu Chi at this time and put in a suitable place to breed, carry out adult fish culture, survival rate
It is high.
2. north waters calico bass artificial breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the training of step (2) parent population
In educating, parent population is passed through to cultivation in 90 days.
3. north waters calico bass artificial breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) is manually urged
It produces in insemination, under conditions of 18 DEG C of water temperature, shell is hatched after 60h.
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| CN201910483003.8A CN110122380A (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2019-06-04 | A kind of north waters calico bass artificial breeding method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110301381A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-08 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of diplopore fish |
| CN110384057A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-29 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of four palpus Barb of big squama |
| CN110741984A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of meinan silurus meridionalis |
| CN110741985A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of sinocyclocheilus grahami |
| CN110741986A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of silurus hamiltonii |
| CN110800655A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-02-18 | 苏州金澄福渔业科技有限公司 | Indoor factory full-season breeding method for micropterus salmoides |
| CN112154946A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-01 | 华中农业大学 | Method for cultivating indoor controllable inactivated bait fish with initial fish fries |
| CN112931312A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-11 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | Artificial breeding method of seriolala quinqueradiata |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110301381A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-08 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of diplopore fish |
| CN110384057A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-29 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of four palpus Barb of big squama |
| CN110741984A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of meinan silurus meridionalis |
| CN110741985A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of sinocyclocheilus grahami |
| CN110741986A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of silurus hamiltonii |
| CN110800655A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-02-18 | 苏州金澄福渔业科技有限公司 | Indoor factory full-season breeding method for micropterus salmoides |
| CN112154946A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-01 | 华中农业大学 | Method for cultivating indoor controllable inactivated bait fish with initial fish fries |
| CN112931312A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-11 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | Artificial breeding method of seriolala quinqueradiata |
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