CN101217872A - 除草剂组合物 - Google Patents
除草剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101217872A CN101217872A CNA2006800249022A CN200680024902A CN101217872A CN 101217872 A CN101217872 A CN 101217872A CN A2006800249022 A CNA2006800249022 A CN A2006800249022A CN 200680024902 A CN200680024902 A CN 200680024902A CN 101217872 A CN101217872 A CN 101217872A
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- Prior art keywords
- parts
- herbicidal composition
- capsule
- micro
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FURYAADUZGZUGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxybenzene;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 FURYAADUZGZUGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTNYLSAWDQNEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxymethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COC1=CC=CC=C1 BOTNYLSAWDQNEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical class [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
- A01N25/28—Microcapsules or nanocapsules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种除草剂组合物,其药效可持续长时间的同时,可防止或减轻药害,减低环境负荷,该组合物含有选自通式(I)(式中,R1表示氢原子、烷基或烷氧基烷基)所示二氟甲磺酰替苯胺化合物或其盐且被封入微囊中的除草活性化合物,或该被封入微囊中的除草活性化合物和通式(II)(式中,R2表示氢原子、碳原子数1~15的烷基、羟基、硝基或氨基,R3表示氢原子、碱金属原子或烷基)所示安息香酸化合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明是关于一种除草剂组合物,其药效可持续长时间,同时可防止或减轻药害,减低环境负荷。
背景技术
公知的除草剂中,
(式中,R1表示氢原子、烷基或烷氧基烷基)
所示二氟甲磺酰替苯胺衍生物或其盐等的除草活性化合物为低药量下,对于稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli)、异型莎草(Cyperus difformis)、鸭舌草(Monochoria vaginalis)、多花水苋(Ammannia multiflora)等一年生杂草、或牛毛毡(Eleocharis acicularis)、矮慈菇(Sagittaria pygmaea)、野慈菇(Sagittaria trifolia)等多年生杂草、特别对水田杂草显示高除草效果,且具有广泛的除草范围(JP2000-44546A)。
然而,该除草活性化合物于不适合的气候、土壤、水田的水管理等条件下,或非本意、偶发的过剩量施用时,有时会造成水稻的药害。
且,通过该除草活性化合物的过剩施用,恐怕会增加对河川、地下水、土壤等环境的流出及残留等环境负荷。
因此,可望对于水稻的安全性高,可长期间持续药效,且减低环境负荷的除草剂使用技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的为提供一种除草剂组合物,前述通式表示的除草活性化合物的药效可持续长时间的同时,可防止或减低药害,减低环境负荷。
本发明者等欲解决该课题进行详细研究结果,发现含有微囊化的该除草活性化合物作为有效成分的除草剂组合物时可解决该课题,基于该见解而完成本发明。
即,本发明涉及除草剂组合物,其特征在于含有选自通式(I)
(式中,R1表示氢原子、烷基或烷氧基烷基)
所示二氟甲磺酰替苯胺化合物或其盐且被封入微囊的除草活性化合物;
除草剂组合物,其特征在于含有封入上述微囊的除草活性化合物和通式(II)
(式中,R2表示氢原子、碳原子数1~15的烷基、羟基、硝基或氨基,R3表示氢原子、碱金属原子或烷基)
所示安息香酸化合物;
水田的除草方法,其特征在于将这些除草剂组合物施用于水田,及
除草剂组合物用微囊的制造方法,其特征在于将包含上述除草活性化合物、疏水性聚异氰酸酯(polyisocyanate)和疏水性溶剂的第一反应液与第二反应液混合,所述第二反应液为包含水溶性聚合物和具有活泼氢的水溶性化合物的水溶液,高速搅拌下,通过加热至60~90℃,形成封入上述除草活性化合物的聚氨酯或聚脲包覆的微囊。
本发明组合物中所使用的前述通式(I)的除草活性化合物中,R1优选为氢原子、碳原子数1~6的直链状或支链状烷基或总碳原子数2~6的直链状或支链状的烷氧基烷基。作为该烷基,以甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、1-甲基丁基、正己基等为优选,作为烷氧基烷基,以甲氧基甲基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基乙基、3-乙氧基丙基、1-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基等为优选。
此外,该除草活性化合物为盐类时,可举出钠盐、钾盐等。
作为该除草活性化合物尤其优选为(RS)-2’-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)羟基甲基-6’-甲氧基甲基-1,1-二氟甲磺酰替苯胺(常用名为“Pyrimisulfan”)。
封入了通式(I)所示除草活性化合物的微囊,其通过如下方法制备,例如将包含上述除草活性化合物、疏水性聚异氰酸酯和疏水性溶剂的第一反应液,投入到第二反应液,所述第二反应液为包含水溶性聚合物和具有活泼氢的水溶性化合物的水溶液,高速进行搅拌之后,再经加热,将上述疏水性聚异氰酸酯与上述水溶性聚合物和上述具有活泼氢的水溶性化合物进行反应,形成封入了除草活性化合物的聚氨酯或聚脲包覆的微囊。
该形成方法中,第二反应液中所含的具有活泼氢的化合物,也可以在第一反应液和水溶性聚合物的水溶液混合之后另行加入,缓缓搅拌而进行反应。
此时,第一反应液中,作为与除草活性化合物并用的疏水性聚异氰酸酯,例如可举出脂肪族或芳香族二异氰酸酯的二聚物或三聚物、或式
所示的聚亚甲基聚苯基聚异氰酸酯。
此外,第一反应液中,作为用于溶解·悬浮除草活性化合物与疏水性聚异氰酸酯的疏水性溶剂,可举出乙醚、二烷、乙二醇单乙醚、二丙基醚、二丁基醚、四氢呋喃等醚类,正链烷、环烷、异链烷、煤油、矿油等脂肪族烃类,苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶剂石脑油、烷基萘、1-苯基-1-二甲苯基乙烷等芳香族烃类,二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氯化碳等卤化烃类,乙酸乙酯、酞酸二异丙酯、酞酸二丁酯、酞酸二辛酯、己二酸二甲酯等酯类,大豆油、菜子油、棉子油、蓖麻油等植物油等,尤其优选为二氯甲烷。
其次,作为第二反应液的成分所使用的水溶性聚合物,例如可举出聚丙烯酸或其水溶性盐、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇等。
此外,作为该第二反应液包含的具有活泼氢的水溶性化合物,例如可使用如甘醇、甘油等羟基化合物,乙二胺等氨基化合物。水也可作为具有活泼氢的化合物使用,但由于作为介质而存在于水溶液中故无需特别添加。
第一反应液与第二反应液的反应通过以下方式进行,即,混合两者,以1000~10000rpm的速度的高速搅拌下通过加热至60~90℃的温度而进行。
通过该反应,作为具有活泼氢的化合物使用羟基化合物或氨基化合物时,形成聚氨酯,此外,以水作为具有活泼氢的化合物使用时,形成聚脲,成为壁物质。
因此,作为反应体的第一反应液中的疏水性聚异氰酸酯和第二反应液中的具有活泼氢的水溶性化合物及水溶性聚合物的使用比率,各以生成聚氨酯或聚脲的反应式准,依据化学理论量而定出。
此外,第二反应液中的水溶性聚合物为选自1~5质量%的浓度范围内。
该第一反应液和第二反应液的反应,若需要,可在如黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素或其盐、阿拉伯胶、明胶、糊精、水溶性淀粉等水溶性增稠剂,脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯树脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物、烷基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物醚、聚氧亚烷基苯乙烯苯基醚、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯硬化蓖麻油等非离子性表面活性剂,烷基硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐、萘磺酸的福尔马林缩合物的盐、烷基萘磺酸的福尔马林缩合物的盐等阴离子性表面活性剂的存在下进行。这些添加剂可添加于第一反应液或第二反应液中,或可与第一反应液、第二反应液分别添加。
如此所得的本发明微囊可适宜地选择其平均粒子径(体积中间径),该粒径一般为选自0.1~50μm,优选为选自1~20μm的范围。
本发明组合物中所使用的安息香酸化合物为通式(II)
(式中,R2表示氢原子、碳原子数1~15的烷基、羟基、硝基或氨基、R3表示氢原子、碱金属原子或烷基)
所示化合物,例如对乙基安息香酸、对正丙基安息香酸、对正丁基安息香酸、对叔丁基安息香酸、对正戊基安息香酸、对正己基安息香酸等对烷基安息香酸、或其碱金属盐、或其烷基酯等。作为碱金属盐,钠盐例如可举出对叔丁基安息香酸钠等为优选。此外,作为烷基酯,例如可举出对叔丁基安息香酸甲酯等。
本发明组合物中,除草活性化合物与安息香酸化合物的使用比率,依据对象作物的种类或生长时期,例如水稻等移植期等而作适当变动,质量比一般为5∶1~1∶100,优选为2∶1~1∶50的范围。
此外,本发明组合物中,可混合使用微囊化的除草活性化合物和未被胶囊化的除草活性化合物。
本发明的除草剂组合物若必要可含有一般作为农药制剂的添加成分。
作为该添加成分可举出固体载体、液体载体等载体、表面活性剂、粘合剂、增粘剂(tackifier)、增稠剂(thickener)、着色剂、铺展剂(spreader,拡展剤)、粘着剂(sticker,展着剤)、防冻剂(antifreezing agent)、防结块剂(anticaking agent)、崩解剂、防分解剂等。若必要可将防腐剂、植物片作为添加成分使用。这些添加成分可单独使用或组合2种以上使用。
对于上述添加成分作说明。作为固体载体,例如可举出石英、粘土、高岭土、叶蜡石、绢云母、滑石、膨润土、酸性白土、绿坡缕石、沸石、硅藻土等天然矿物类,碳酸钙、硫酸铵、硫酸钠、氯化钾等无机盐类,合成硅酸、合成硅酸盐、淀粉、纤维素、植物粉末等有机固体载体,聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚偏氯乙烯等塑性载体,尿素、无机中空体、塑性中空体(hollowplastic body)、热解二氧化硅(fumed silica,白炭黑)等。这些可单独使用或组合2种以上使用。
作为液体载体例如可举出甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇等1价醇类,或乙二醇、二乙二醇、丙二醇、己二醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、甘油等多元醇类,丙二醇醚等多元醇化合物类,丙酮、甲基乙酮、甲基异丁基酮、二异丁基酮、环己酮等酮类,乙醚、二烷、乙二醇单乙醚、二丙基醚、四氢呋喃等醚类,正链烷、环烷、异链烷、煤油、矿油等脂肪族烃类,苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶剂石脑油、烷基萘等芳香族烃类,二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氯化碳等卤化烃类,乙酸乙酯、酞酸二异丙酯、酞酸二丁酯、酞酸二辛酯、己二酸二甲酯等酯类,γ-丁内酯等内酯类、二甲基甲酰胺、二乙基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、N-烷基吡咯烷酮等酰胺类、乙腈等腈类,二甲基亚砜等硫化合物类、大豆油、菜子油、棉子油、蓖麻油等植物油,水等。这些可单独使用或组合2种以上使用。
作为表面活性剂,例如可举出脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯树脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸二酯、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯二烷基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚福尔马林缩合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段聚合物、烷基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段聚合物醚、聚氧乙烯烷基胺、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酰胺、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸联苯醚、聚亚烷基苯甲基苯基醚、聚氧亚烷基苯乙烯苯基醚、乙炔二醇、聚氧亚烷基加成乙炔二醇、聚氧乙烯醚型聚硅氧烷(silicones)、酯型聚硅氧烷、氟系表面活性剂、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯硬化蓖麻油等非离子性表面活性剂,烷基硫酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基醚硫酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚硫酸盐、聚氧乙烯苯乙烯苯基醚硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐、萘磺酸的福尔马林缩合物的盐、烷基萘磺酸的福尔马林缩合物的盐、脂肪酸盐、多羧酸盐、N-甲基-脂肪酸肌氨酸盐、树脂酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基醚磷酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚磷酸盐等阴离子性表面活性剂,月桂基胺盐酸盐、硬脂基胺盐酸盐、油基胺盐酸盐、硬脂基胺乙酸盐、硬脂基胺丙基胺乙酸盐、烷基三甲基铵氯化物、烷基二甲基苯扎氯铵等烷基胺盐等阳离子表面活性剂,氨基酸型或甜菜碱型等两性表面活性剂等。
这些表面活性剂可单独或组合2种以上使用。
此外,作为粘合剂或增粘剂,例如可举出羧甲基纤维素或其盐、糊精、水溶性淀粉、黄原胶、瓜耳胶、蔗糖、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、阿拉伯胶、聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙烯酸钠、平均分子量6000~20000的聚乙二醇,平均分子量为10万~500万的聚环氧乙烷、磷脂质(例如脑磷脂、卵磷脂等)等。
作为增稠剂,例如可举出如黄原胶、瓜耳胶、羧甲基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧基乙烯聚合物、丙烯酸系聚合物、淀粉衍生物、多糖类水溶性高分子、如高纯度膨润土、热解二氧化硅这样的无机微粉等。
作为着色剂,例如可举出如氧化铁、氧化钛、普鲁士蓝等无机颜料、茜素染料、偶氮染料、金属酞菁染料等有机染料等。
作为铺展剂,例如可举出纤维素粉末、糊精、加工淀粉、多羧酸氨基螯合(polyaminocarboxylic acid chelate)化合物、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、马来酸与苯乙烯类的共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物、多元醇所成的聚合物与二羧酸酐的半酯、聚苯乙烯磺酸的水溶性盐等。
作为粘着剂,例如可举出石蜡、萜烯、聚酰胺树脂、聚丙烯酸盐、聚氧化乙烯、蜡、聚乙烯烷基醚、烷基酚福尔马林缩合物、合成树脂乳剂等。
作为防冻剂,例如可举出乙二醇、二乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油等多元醇类等。
作为防结块剂,例如可举出淀粉、海藻酸、甘露糖、半乳糖等多醣类,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、热解二氧化硅、酯橡胶、石油树脂等。
作为崩解剂,例如可举出三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硬脂酸金属盐、纤维素粉末、糊精、甲基丙烯酸酯的共聚物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、多羧酸氨基螯合化合物、磺化苯乙烯·异丁烯·马来酸酐共聚物、淀粉·聚丙烯腈接枝共聚物等。
作为防分解剂,例如可举出如沸石、生石灰、氧化镁等干燥剂、酚化合物、胺化合物、硫磺化合物、磷酸化合物等抗氧化剂、水杨酸化合物、二苯甲酮化合物等紫外线吸收剂等。
作为防腐剂,例如可举出山梨酸钾、1,2-苯并噻唑啉-3-酮等。
作为植物片,例如可举出锯屑、椰子壳、玉米芯(corn cob)、烟草茎等。
本发明的除草剂组合物中含有上述添加成分时,其含有比率以质量基准下,载体一般为5~95%,优选为20~90%,表面活性剂一般为0.1%~30%,优选为0.5~10%,其他添加剂为0.1~30%,优选为选自0.5~10%的范围。
本发明的除草剂组合物可使用液体制剂、乳剂、可湿性粉剂(wettablepowders)、粉剂、油剂、水分散性粒剂(water dispersible granules)、水悬剂(flowable)、水性悬浮制剂、乳悬浮剂、颗粒剂、大粒剂(jumbo formulations)、悬浮乳剂(suspo-emulsions)、均匀扩散剂等任意剂型。
本发明的除草剂组合物为粒状物时,作为粒状物的例子,可例举粒径为0.3mm~10mm的球型、圆柱型、纺锤型、不规则形。
球状颗粒剂的粒径优选为0.3mm~10mm,更佳为0.3mm~3mm。
圆柱状颗粒剂的优选直径为0.6mm~5mm,长度为1mm~10mm,更佳的直径为0.8mm~3mm,长度为1.5mm~8mm。
纺锤状颗粒剂的优选短径为0.3mm~3mm,长径为1mm~10mm。
此外,本发明的除草剂组合物为均匀扩散剂时,组合物优选为具有含有80质量%以上的粒径3mm以上的粒状物的粒度分布,将本发明的除草剂组合物投入水中时,浮游于水面,投入后30分钟以内在水面崩解。
该制剂化时,可与至少一种其他农药、例如其他除草剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂、植物成长调节剂、或肥料等混合形成混合组合物。
本发明除草剂组合物的上述任意制剂可由水溶性薄膜包装,经如此处理后使用时,可省力化且提高安全性。
本发明的除草剂组合物的制造方法并无特别限定,一般可使用以下的方法。
·在微囊化了的除草活性化合物及其他原料的混合品中加入适量的水混炼后,由开有一定尺寸的孔的筛子挤出造粒并干燥的方法。
·将微囊化了的除草活性化合物及其他原料于水或适当溶剂中混合,并均匀地悬浮的方法。
·将微囊化了的除草活性化合物与适当载体混合后干燥,混合其他原料的方法。
实施方式
以下通过实施例对实施本发明的方式作说明。各例子中表示用量的份及表示含有比例的%是以质量为基准。
实施例1
将10份的Pyrimisulfan、9份的聚亚甲基聚苯基聚异氰酸酯(日本聚氨酯工业公司制,商品名“Millionate MR-100”)添加于60份的二氯甲烷中并混合。添加该混合液于100份的1%聚乙烯醇水溶液中,使用分散机(特殊机化工业公司制,制品名“TK Robomics”)以转速6000rpm进行10分钟搅拌。然后将该混合液于60℃下经3小时缓和搅拌后得到聚脲膜的Pyrimisulfan微囊。微囊的平均粒径为4.0μm。再添加15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、366份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有2%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例2
于119份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有10份的Pyrimisulfan)中加入50份的对叔丁基安息香酸、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、316份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有2%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例3
将5份的Pyrimisulfan、5份的聚亚甲基聚苯基聚异氰酸酯(如前述)添加于100份的二氯甲烷并混合。将该混合液添加于250份的1%聚乙烯醇水溶液中,使用分散机(如前述)以转速3000rpm进行10分钟搅拌。然后将该混合液于60℃下经3小时缓和搅拌后得到聚脲膜的Pyrimisulfan微囊。微囊的平均粒径为7.5μm。再添加50份的对叔丁基安息香酸、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、175份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有1%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例4
将5份的Pyrimisulfan、0.5份的聚亚甲基聚苯基聚异氰酸酯(如前)添加于100份的二氯甲烷并混合。添加该混合液于250份的1%聚乙烯醇水溶液中,使用分散机(如前述)以转速3000rpm进行10分钟搅拌。然后将该混合液于60℃下经3小时缓和搅拌后得到聚脲膜的Pyrimisulfan微囊。微囊的平均粒径为12.3μm。再添加50份的对正戊基安息香酸、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、179.5份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有1%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例5
将5份的Pyrimisulfan、2.5份的聚亚甲基聚苯基聚异氰酸酯(如前)添加于50份的1-苯基-1-二甲苯乙烷(新日本石油化学公司制作,商品名“HisolSAS-296”)并混合。添加该混合液于250份的1%聚乙烯醇水溶液中,使用分散机(如前述)以转速3000rpm进行10分钟搅拌。然后将该混合液于60℃下经3小时缓和搅拌后得到聚脲膜的Pyrimisulfan微囊。微囊的平均粒径为16.0μm。再添加50份的对正己基安息香酸、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、127.5份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有1%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例6
将5份的Pyrimisulfan、5份的聚亚甲基聚苯基聚异氰酸酯(如前)添加于100份的二氯甲烷并混合。添加该混合液于100份的3%阿拉伯胶水溶液中,使用分散机(如前述)以转速6000rpm进行10分钟搅拌。然后于该混合液中加入10份的乙二醇,于60℃下经3小时缓和搅拌后得到聚氨酯膜的Pyrimisulfan微囊。微囊的平均粒径为5.6μm。再添加10份的对羟基安息香酸正丁酯、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、355份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有1%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例7
将5份的Pyrimisulfan、5份的聚亚甲基聚苯基聚异氰酸酯(如前述)添加于100份的二氯甲烷并混合。添加该混合液于100份的3%阿拉伯胶水溶液中,使用分散机(如前述)以转速6000rpm进行10分钟搅拌。然后于该混合液中加入10份的20%乙二胺水溶液,于60℃下经3小时缓和搅拌后得到聚脲膜的Pyrimisulfan微囊。微囊的平均粒径为5.5μm。再添加50份的对羟基安息香酸正丁酯、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、275份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有1%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例8
将以喷射粉碎机(Seishin企业制,制品名“SK Jet-O-Mill”)进行粉碎了的5份的Pyrimisulfan添加于100份的1%聚乙烯醇水溶液并均匀混合分散。该混合液中添加0.2份的聚亚甲基聚苯基聚异氰酸酯(如前)与40份的二氯甲烷的混合液。使用分散机(如前述)以转速3000rpm进行10分钟搅拌。然后将该混合液中加入1份的乙二醇,于60℃下经3小时缓和搅拌后得到聚氨酯膜的Pyrimisulfan微囊。微囊的平均粒径为5.8μm。再添加50份的对正己基安息香酸、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、328.8份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有1%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例9
于119份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有10份的Pyrimisulfan)中加入20份的四唑草胺(fentrazamide)、100份的对正丁基安息香酸、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、246份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有2%的Pyrimisulfan及4%的四唑草胺的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例10
于89份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有7.5份的Pyrimisulfan)中加入2.5份的未经微囊化的Pyrimisulfan、100份的对叔丁基安息香酸、15份的烷基萘磺酸钠、293.5份的2%黄原胶水溶液后均匀混合,得到含有2%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
实施例11
于12份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有1份的Pyrimisulfan)中加入2份的酶改性糊精、1份的三聚磷酸钠、0.5份的月桂基苯磺酸钠、25份的膨润土、69.5份的碳酸钙后均匀混合。该混合物中加入适当量的水后混炼,使用挤出造粒机通过孔径1.0mm的筛子挤出造粒、整粒后,产品温度60℃下干燥,通过筛分而得到含有1%的Pyrimisulfan的微囊粒剂。
实施例12
于12份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有1份的Pyrimisulfan)中加入10份的对叔丁基安息香酸、2份的酶改性糊精、1份的三聚磷酸钠、0.5份的月桂基苯磺酸钠、25份的膨润土、59.5份的碳酸钙后均匀混合。该混合物中加入适当量的水混炼后,使用挤出造粒机通过孔径1.0mm的筛子挤出造粒、整粒后,在产品温度60℃下干燥,通过筛分而得到含有1%Pyrimisulfan的微囊粒剂。
实施例13
于12份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有1份的Pyrimisulfan)中加入3份的苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、5份的对正戊基安息香酸、2份的酶改性糊精、1份的三聚磷酸钠、0.5份的月桂基苯磺酸钠、25份的膨润土、61.5份的碳酸钙后均匀混合。该混合物中加入适当量的水混炼后,使用挤出造粒机通过孔径1.0mm的筛子挤出造粒、整粒后,在产品温度60℃下干燥,通过筛分而得到含有1%Pyrimisulfan及3%苯并双环酮的微囊粒剂。
实施例14
于9份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有0.8份的Pyrimisulfan)中加入0.2份的未经微囊化的Pyrimisulfan、5份的对正丁基安息香酸、2份的酶改性糊精、1份的三聚磷酸钠、0.5份的月桂基苯磺酸钠、25份的膨润土、64.8份的碳酸钙后均匀混合。该混合物中加入适当量的水混炼后,使用挤出造粒机通过孔径1.0mm的筛子挤出造粒、整粒后,在产品温度60℃下干燥,通过筛分而得到含有1%Pyrimisulfan的微囊粒剂。
实施例15
混合24份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有2份的Pyrimisulfan)与10份的热解二氧化硅后,60℃下干燥得到Pyrimisulfan微囊粉末。于此中加入20份的对羟基安息香酸正丁酯、3份的聚氧乙烯乙炔二醇、2份的酶改性糊精、14份的含85%水分的塑性中空体、20份的无水硫酸钠、26.9份的尿素后均匀混合。于该混合物中加入适量的水后混炼后,使用挤出造粒机通过孔径5.0mm的筛子挤出造粒、整粒后,产品温度60℃下干燥,通过筛分而得到含有2%Pyrimisulfan的直径3~7mm,长度3~20mm微囊的均匀扩散性颗粒剂。
该均匀扩散性颗粒剂中直径3mm以上的粒状物为99.0质量%以上,投入水中所观察的结果,浮游于水面,投入后20分钟崩解。
实施例16
于24份的实施例1所得的Pyrimisulfan微囊(含有2份的Pyrimisulfan)中,加入20份的对叔丁基安息香酸、5份的月桂基硫酸钠、5份的烷基萘磺酸钠福尔马林缩合物、30份的硅藻土、35.9份的粘土后均匀混合。于该混合物中加入适量的水混炼后,使用挤出造粒机通过孔径0.7mm的筛子挤出造粒、整粒后,产品温度60℃下干燥,通过筛分而得到含有2%Pyrimisulfan的微囊水分散性粒剂。
比较例1
均匀混合2份的Pyrimisulfan、3份的烷基萘磺酸钠、95份的2%黄原胶水溶液后,以球磨机(beads mill)湿式粉碎后,得到含有2%Pyrimisulfan的水性悬浮制剂(水悬剂)。
比较例2
均匀混合1份的Pyrimisulfan、2份的酶改性糊精、1份的三聚磷酸钠、0.5份的月桂基苯磺酸钠、25份的膨润土、70.5份的碳酸钙。于该混合物中加入适量的水后混炼后,使用挤出造粒机通过孔径1.0mm的筛子挤出造粒、整粒后,产品温度60℃下干燥,通过筛分而得到含有1%Pyrimisulfan的颗粒剂。
试验例1(水中溶出试验)
于20℃恒温室中于直径15cm的玻璃培养皿中放入3度硬水700ml使其水深4cm。于此每10公亩施予相当于500ml的实施例1、2、12及比较例1所得的水性悬浮制剂,每10公亩施予相当于1kg的实施例13、14、16及比较例2所得的颗粒剂进行处理。于处理后1、3、7、14天后采水,经HPLC分析测定出水中Pyrimisulfan浓度,求出对于实际处理量的溶出率。其结果如表1所示。
表1
Pyrimisulfan溶出率(%) | |||||
1日后 | 3日后 | 7日后 | 14日后 | ||
实施例1 | 水悬剂 | 24 | 47 | 65 | 82 |
实施例2 | 水悬剂 | 18 | 41 | 65 | 76 |
实施例10 | 水悬剂 | 41 | 66 | 84 | 100 |
实施例11 | 颗粒剂 | 41 | 59 | 65 | 65 |
实施例12 | 颗粒剂 | 12 | 59 | 71 | 76 |
实施例14 | 颗粒剂 | 29 | 60 | 76 | 83 |
比较例1 | 水悬剂 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
比较例2 | 颗粒剂 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
由表1得知,实施例的溶出率比比较例低,可判断Pyrimisulfan被缓释化。
试验例2(生物效果试验:水稻)
100cm2的塑料瓶子中填充水田土壤,放入水,挖土,于0.5cm深度播种水田稗(Echinochloa oryzoides)、鸭舌草(Monockoria vaginalis)及萤兰(Scirpus juncoides)的各种子。且,将2根2叶期的水稻移植至深度2cm,灌水至水深5cm。于移植后第2天,将实施例1、2、12、13、14、16及比较例1、2所得的各除草剂组合物,称量5g/10公亩有效成分的量,于塑料瓶中均匀进行处理。该塑料瓶的植物于温室内生长,经28天后依据表2的评估基准,判断除草效果及药害度。其结果如表3所示。
表2
指数 | 评估基准 |
5 | 90%以上的抑制的除草效果或药害 |
4以上不到5 | 70%以上不到90%的抑制的除草效果或药害 |
3以上不到4 | 50%以上不到70%的抑制的除草效果或药害 |
2以上不到3 | 30%以上不到50%的抑制的除草效果或药害 |
1以上不到2 | 10%以上不到30%的抑制的除草效果或药害 |
0以上不到1 | 不到10%的抑制的除草效果或药害 |
表3
除草效果 | 药害 | ||||
水田稗 | 鸭舌草 | 萤兰 | 水稻 | ||
实施例1 | 水悬剂 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0.5 |
实施例2 | 水悬剂 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
实施例10 | 水悬剂 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
实施例11 | 颗粒剂 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0.5 |
实施例12 | 颗粒剂 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
实施例14 | 颗粒剂 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
比较例1 | 水悬剂 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1.5 |
比较例2 | 颗粒剂 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1.5 |
由表3得知,实施例的除草剂组合物显示优良除草效果,对水稻几乎无药害,而比较例对于水稻显示药害。
试验例3(生物效果试验:残效性试验)
200cm2的塑料瓶子中填充水田土壤,放入水,挖土灌水至水深5cm,将实施例1、2、12、13、14、16及比较例1、2所得的各除草剂组合物,称量2.5g/1000平方米有效成分的量后施予均匀处理。自处理后1天以水深2cm的比例于塑料瓶底部漏水3天。漏水后于塑料瓶上部加入水至水深达5cm。在刚刚处理后、处理后20天及处理后40天,播种水田稗、鸭舌草、萤兰的种子,播种30天后观察杂草的成长。除草效果的评估基准如试验例2所示。评估结果如表4所示。
表4
除草效果 | ||||||||||
水田稗 | 鸭舌草 | 萤兰 | ||||||||
0日 | 20日 | 40日 | 0日 | 20日 | 40日 | 0日 | 20日 | 40日 | ||
实施例1 | 水悬剂 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.7 |
实施例2 | 水悬剂 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.8 |
实施例10 | 水悬剂 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 |
实施例11 | 颗粒剂 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.8 |
实施例12 | 颗粒剂 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.7 |
实施例14 | 颗粒剂 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 |
比较例1 | 水悬剂 | 4.4 | 3.3 | 3 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 3 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 3.7 |
比较例2 | 颗粒剂 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 3 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 3 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 3.7 |
如表4得知,实施例的除草剂组合物比比较例更显示优良的残余效果。
产业上可利用性
本发明的除草剂组合物可适度地缓释化除草活性化合物在水中的溶出,由此可长时间发挥除草活性化合物的药效的同时,可因减少除草活性化合物于环境中的释放速度而减低环境负荷,对于对象作物有减轻或防止药害的显著效果。
此外,本发明的除草剂组合物因可减轻或防止对象作物的药害症状,且可长期间下持续发挥其效果,故特别适合作为水稻用或水田除草剂使用。
Claims (10)
3.如权利要求1或2所述的除草剂组合物,其中通式所示二氟甲烷化合物中的R1表示甲氧基甲基。
4.如权利要求2所述的除草剂组合物,其以质量比为5∶1~1∶100的比率包含除草活性化合物及安息香酸化合物。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的除草剂组合物,其中微囊的平均粒径为0.1~50μm。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的除草剂组合物,其为粒径为0.3mm~10mm的粒状物。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的除草剂组合物,其为水性悬浮制剂。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的除草剂组合物,其为均匀扩散性粒状农药制剂,具有粒径为3mm以上的粒状物含量为80质量%以上的粒度分布,并具有虽在水面浮游,但30分钟以内于水面崩解的性质。
9.一种水田的除草方法,该方法包括将如权利要求1或2所述的除草剂组合物施用于水田。
10.一种除草剂组合物用微囊的制造方法,该方法包括将第一反应液与第二反应液混合,高速搅拌下,通过加热至60~90℃,形成封入上述除草活性化合物的聚氨酯或聚脲包覆的微囊,
所述第一反应液包含选自通式
(式中,R1表示氢原子、烷基或烷氧基烷基)
所示的二氟甲磺酰替苯胺化合物或其盐的除草活性化合物、疏水性聚异氰酸酯和疏水性溶剂,所述第二反应液是包含水溶性聚合物和具有活泼氢的水溶性化合物的水溶液。
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PCT/JP2006/313471 WO2007007629A1 (ja) | 2005-07-08 | 2006-07-06 | 除草剤組成物 |
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CN103298339A (zh) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-09-11 | 亨斯迈石油化学有限责任公司 | 用于农业化学配制剂的低毒性、低气味、低挥发性溶剂 |
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EP1982591A4 (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2012-12-12 | Kumiai Chemical Industry Co | PLANT TOXICITY CONTROL FOR HIGHLAND FARMING AND PLANT TOXICITY CONTROL PROCEDURES THEREWITH |
US20110178299A1 (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2011-07-21 | Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Optically active difluoromethanesulfonanilide derivative and herbicide |
EP2796042A1 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2014-10-29 | Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg | Compounds promoting plant growth |
CR20210316A (es) | 2014-02-28 | 2021-12-14 | Kumiai Chemical Industry Co | Método para producir composición herbicida basada en piroxasulfona microencapsulada para el tratamiento del follaje (divisional exp. 2016-0442) |
KR102296447B1 (ko) * | 2014-04-18 | 2021-08-31 | 구미아이 가가쿠 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 수면 부유성 대형 농약 입상 조성물 및 그 제조방법 |
JP6732774B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-14 | 2020-07-29 | クミアイ化学工業株式会社 | 粒状農薬組成物 |
WO2022118816A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-09 | 住友化学株式会社 | マイクロカプセル及びそれを含む液状農薬製剤 |
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JP4988110B2 (ja) | 2000-10-05 | 2012-08-01 | クミアイ化学工業株式会社 | 均一拡散性粒状農薬製剤およびその散布方法 |
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KR101296049B1 (ko) | 2013-08-12 |
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TW200738137A (en) | 2007-10-16 |
US20120100992A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
CN101217872B (zh) | 2011-08-17 |
KR20080030069A (ko) | 2008-04-03 |
US20090082206A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
KR20130052662A (ko) | 2013-05-22 |
US8114815B2 (en) | 2012-02-14 |
US20150021800A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
US8883687B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
JPWO2007007629A1 (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
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WO2007007629A8 (ja) | 2007-05-18 |
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