CN101199250B - Leymus chinensis low-temperature seed presoaking and temperature changing combination germinating method - Google Patents
Leymus chinensis low-temperature seed presoaking and temperature changing combination germinating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101199250B CN101199250B CN2006101632447A CN200610163244A CN101199250B CN 101199250 B CN101199250 B CN 101199250B CN 2006101632447 A CN2006101632447 A CN 2006101632447A CN 200610163244 A CN200610163244 A CN 200610163244A CN 101199250 B CN101199250 B CN 101199250B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the planting technique field, which is a chinensis germination method of combined low temperature seed soaking and temperature changing. The invention mainly comprises two parts of partially releasing the chinensis seed dormancy by the seed soaking method in the seed pretreatment technique and rapidly increasing the seed germination rate of chinensis by applying the variable temperature technique. The invention concretely has four processes of 1) seed selection and impurity removal, 2) low temperature seed soaking, 3) seed disinfection and 4) variable temperature germination. The invention can increase the chinensis germination rate from 56.7 percent to above 88.7 percent compared with the chinensis seed treatment by a single method. Therefore, the invention has significant practical meaning and broad application value to both the chinensis seed cultivation and experimental study.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant planting technical field, relate to through the technology of arranging in advance and remove the method that seed dormancy improves the plant seed germination rate, the severe dormancy of specifically breaking Leymus chinensis seeds fast significantly improves the combined method of Leymus chinensis seeds germination rate.
Background technology
Sheep's hay (Leymus chinensis) is the perennial rhizome plant of grass family leymus, is a kind of high quality forage.This herbage mainly is distributed in the eastern region on Eurasian prairie, comprises Muscovite outer Baikal, the east of Mongolia and the north, the northeast song-Nen plain of China, the North China Plain and Nei Mongol Plateau area.Sheep's hay has the very high economic worth and the ecological value, is rich in high-quality protein, mineral matter and carbohydrate.Its fast growth, drought-resistant saline and alkaline and dead soil.Yet, in recent years because the overgraze and the reclamation of wasteland cause original a large amount of high-quality sheep's hays meadow to become the saline and alkaline desert that has no value.Therefore, how to improve degenerated soil, enlarge the task of top priority (Liang Zhengwei etc., 2004, the method for soda alkaline land sheep's hay vegetation restoration and reconstruction, number of patent application 200410010867.1) that the sheep's hay cultivated area has become production and scientific research fast.
Leymus chinensis seeds has the unique biological characteristic, and resting stage reaches more than the 4-5.New seed generally only has the low germination rate of 10-20%.One of main bottleneck technology that present plantation sheep's hay faces is severe dormancy how to remove Leymus chinensis seeds fast, significantly improves the problem of percentage of seedgermination.Former studies shows that Leymus chinensis seeds germination rate under 25-26 ℃ constant temperature is very low.Germination rate when not adding any medicine and handle is merely 1.8%; Use 1%HNO
3The germination rate of handling is 8%.In addition, in the soil germinating bed of differing texture, chernozem germination rate the highest (42.8%), clay take second place (27.9%), and sand is 20.2%.Yi Jin (dormant physiology of Leymus chinensis seeds and the research that improves germination rate; The China meadow; 1994, (6): 1-6) Leymus chinensis seeds after will gathering in the crops places dry storage under the indoor 15-25 ℃ normal temperature, carries out germination rate through the seed to storage 1-8 at 20 ℃ of constant temperatures and measures; Find paper training method to preserve the minimum of 1 year and 8 years, germination rate is merely 1%; Preserve the highest of 4 years and 5 years, but germination rate also has only 5%; Sha Peifa is to preserve 1 year minimum, and germination rate is 7%, and to preserve 6 years the highest, germination rate is 45%; The earth culture method with preserve 1 year be 36%, the germination rate of preserving 6 years can bring up to 73%, but the seed storage overlong time is unfavorable for production application.
In sum, the germinating method of in the past breaking the Leymus chinensis seeds dormancy mainly is simple physics method and chemical method.Promptly 1) physical method mainly comprises simple constant temperature, alternating temperature, magnetic field treated, the germinating bed of differing texture (like earth culture, Sha Pei or paper training).2) chemical method has the rare earth seed soaking to handle, exogenous hormone processing etc., and (the just big Chen Yuan of Ma Hongyuan beam improves Leymus chinensis seeds germination rate method progress but action effect is all undesirable.The China meadow, in July, 2005,27 (4): 64-68).
The drawback of these methods was in the past: 1) lack the germinating method of a unified standard, comparativity is relatively poor between the data.2) be superior to the fact that constant temperature germinates though found the alternating temperature germination, do not find desirable alternating temperature amplitude of a cover and method combination all the time.3) seed that does not have to find to break simply a Leymus chinensis seeds dormancy is arranged (impurity elimination+seed soaking etc.) technology in advance.What 4) adopt mainly is single processing method, arrange the in advance technology and the alternating temperature organic assembling of seed is not got up to create new germinating method and technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Leymus chinensis low-temperature seed presoaking and temperature changing combination germinating method.
The present invention is in order to improve the Leymus chinensis seeds germination rate through arranging the control of technology and temperature to combine in advance; Create a kind of combination germinating method; Its core mainly comprises two parts, 1) seed-soaking method: mainly arrange the slow seed-soaking method of low temperature in the technology partly to remove the Leymus chinensis seeds dormancy in advance with seed.2) germinating method: mainly utilize the alternating temperature technology to improve the Leymus chinensis seeds germination rate fast.Both ingenious combinations have effectively breaks the dormancy of Leymus chinensis seeds severe fast, significantly improves the effect of Leymus chinensis seeds germination rate.
The present invention will arrange technology and temperature control to combine in advance, improve the Leymus chinensis seeds germination rate, specifically realize through processes.
1. seed cleaning impurity elimination
Because the Leymus chinensis seeds grain is little, and ripening rate is lower, the Leymus chinensis seeds after the results generally contains a large amount of impurity, therefore, guarantees that seed purity and cleanliness are one of keys that improves the Leymus chinensis seeds germination rate.Selected impurity elimination can adopt commercially available separator or artificial method to carry out.Seed purity and cleanliness should reach more than 90%.
2. low-temperature seed presoaking
Low-temperature seed presoaking has can be slowly and balancedly softening kind of skin and bran skin, improves seed moisture content gradually, and low-temperature seed presoaking can also the stimulating growth hormone synthesizes; Reduce inhibitory hormone content; Promote the balance between the hormone kind, thus effective breaking dormancy, the promotion seed germination.
Leymus chinensis seeds after the selected impurity elimination is packed in the fluid-tight container, add clean water,, seed is immersed in the water fully like running water or distilled water etc.Then, entire container put under 5-10 ℃ the low temperature environment, as in refrigerator or the freezer etc., low-temperature seed presoaking 5-20 days.
3. seed disinfection
Take out Leymus chinensis seeds that low-temperature seed presoaking crosses carry out air-dry after, put into seed disinfectant, carry out surface disinfection, sterilizing 10-15 minute.Described seed disinfectant is like 0.1% mercuric chloride solution.Carry out seed sprouting again after thoroughly cleaning 3-4 time with clean water then.
4. alternating temperature germinates
Temperature is the important factor that influences seed sprouting.Generally speaking, suitable temperature environment promotes seed germination, the too high or too low seed germination that all suppresses.For some species, like sheep's hay, even the constant temperature that suits can not be sprouted smoothly, and reasonably the alternating temperature combination can solve this germination difficult problem preferably.
The Leymus chinensis seeds of sterilizing is seeded in the various germinating beds germinating bed such as soil, filter paper, sand germinating bed etc.Be placed on low temperature 5-16 ℃, dark is under the situation of unglazed photograph, 12-16 hour; High temperature 28-35 ℃, under the light conditions, 12-8 hour.The time of the time of low temperature, dark and high temperature, illumination was to circulate in the cycle with 24 hours, constantly the activity of stimulation and regulatory enzyme.Under this alternating temperature condition germination 7-21 days.
The present invention compares with the Leymus chinensis seeds of handling with single method the sheep's hay germination rate is brought up to more than 88.7% by 56.7%.Therefore, the present invention all has important practice significance and using value widely to Leymus chinensis seeds cultivation and experimental study.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the germination process curve of 0,4,10 and 19 days Leymus chinensis seeds of 5 ℃ of low-temperature seed presoakings under 16 ℃/28 ℃ alternating temperature conditions.Among the figure 0,4,10 with the different seed soaking fate of 19 representatives.Wherein not seed soaking of representative in 0 day; With curve-■-represent; 4 days germination process curve is handled in-
-expression seed soaking; 10 days germination process curve is handled in-★-expression seed soaking; 14 days germination process curve is handled in-
-expression seed soaking, and 19 days germination process curve is handled in-zero-expression seed soaking.Can find out that from germination process curve the germination rate of every kind of processing procedure all increases with the increase of germination fate.The germination rate of handling through 5 ℃ of low-temperature seed presoakings is all apparently higher than the not processing of seed soaking (0 day), and best with the effect of low-temperature seed presoaking 10 days and 14 days, and germination rate has all reached more than 80%.
Embodiment
Embodiment
1. seed cleaning impurity elimination
It is selected to use artificial method that seed is carried out, and removes impurity, makes seed purity and cleanliness reach 90%.
2. low-temperature seed presoaking
With purity and cleanliness is that 90% Leymus chinensis seeds is packed in the fluid-tight container, adds running water, and seed is immersed in the water fully.Then, entire container is put into 5 ℃ freezer, under 5 ℃ low temperature environment, soaked seed respectively 4,10,19 days.
3. seed disinfection
After the Leymus chinensis seeds that above-mentioned low-temperature seed presoaking is crossed is air-dry, puts into seed disinfectant respectively and carry out the surface disinfection sterilization.Used seed disinfectant is 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, sterilizes 10 minutes.After thoroughly cleaning 3 times with clean water respectively then, prepare to carry out seed sprouting.
4. alternating temperature germinates
The Leymus chinensis seeds of above-mentioned sterilization is seeded in respectively on the sand germinating bed.Place 5 ℃ of low temperature, under the situation of dark, 12 hours; 28 ℃ of high temperature, under the light conditions, 12 hours.Under this alternating temperature condition, germinateed 21 days.
From above embodiment, the experimental result that obtains is shown in Fig. 1 and table 1.It is more Zao than the germination of handling without low-temperature seed presoaking that low-temperature seed presoaking is handled 4-19 days Leymus chinensis seeds, and speed of germination is fast, to handle 10 days effect ideal.Its germination rate of the 10th day reaches 88.7%, has improved 32% than the percentage of seedgermination (56.7%) of handling (soaking seed 0 day) without low-temperature seed presoaking.Germination rate under 25 ℃ of constant temperature then is no more than 1.3%.
Table 1.5 ℃ low-temperature seed presoaking different time is to mainly the germinate influence of index of Leymus chinensis seeds
Annotate: the investigation result of germinateing the 21st day
Claims (3)
1. Leymus chinensis low-temperature seed presoaking and temperature changing combination germinating method is characterized in that being made up of following step:
1) seed cleaning impurity elimination
With machinery or the artificial selected impurity elimination of method, make seed purity and cleanliness should reach more than 90%;
2) low-temperature seed presoaking
Leymus chinensis seeds after the selected impurity elimination is packed in the fluid-tight container, add running water, immerse seed in the water fully; Then, entire container put under 5-10 ℃ the low temperature environment low-temperature seed presoaking 5-20 days;
3) seed disinfection
After the Leymus chinensis seeds that the taking-up low-temperature seed presoaking is crossed is air-dry, put into seed disinfectant, carry out surface disinfection, sterilizing 10-15 minute; Carry out seed sprouting again after thoroughly cleaning 3-4 time with running water then;
4) alternating temperature germinates
The Leymus chinensis seeds of sterilizing is seeded in the germinating bed, places low temperature 5-16 ℃, under the dark situation, 12-16 hour; Place high temperature 28-35 ℃ again, under the light conditions, 12-8 hour; The time of low temperature, dark time and high temperature, illumination was to circulate in the cycle with 24 hours, under this alternating temperature condition germination 7-21 days.
2. Leymus chinensis low-temperature seed presoaking according to claim 1 and temperature changing combination germinating method; It is characterized in that described low temperature environment is in refrigerator or the freezer; The disinfectant that the seed disinfection process is used is 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, and the used germinating bed of alternating temperature germination process is soil, filter paper or sand germinating bed.
3. Leymus chinensis low-temperature seed presoaking according to claim 2 and temperature changing combination germinating method is characterized in that:
1) use artificial method with the seed cleaning impurity elimination;
2) in low-temperature seed presoaking, add running water, put into 5-10 ℃ freezer, soaked seed 5 days or 10 days or 19 days;
3) in seed disinfection, with disinfectant with seed disinfection 10 minutes, thoroughly clean 3 times with running water then after;
4) in alternating temperature germinates, Leymus chinensis seeds is seeded in respectively on the sand germinating bed, 5 ℃ of low temperature, under the situation of dark, 12 hours; 28 ℃ of high temperature, under the light conditions, 12 hours, alternating temperature germinateed 21 days.
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| CN101507394B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-04-20 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Chinese wild rye direct seeding method on saline-alkali land |
| CN101878733B (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-09-05 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for promoting germination of guineagrass seed |
| CN102668766A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院 | Germination method of Leymus chinensis seeds |
| CN105075634A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-11-25 | 黄冈师范学院 | Method for cultivating high-quality nursery stocks of sweet persimmon by enabling seeds of sweet persimmon to germinate fast and efficiently |
| CN106576746A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-04-26 | 广西山水牛农业有限责任公司 | Method for planting forage grass |
| CN107018781B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Direct seeding seedling method for improving survival rate of leymus chinensis in moderately severe soda saline-alkali soil |
| CN108633374A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method for quickly improving Cranberry percentage of seedgermination |
| CN109691267A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-04-30 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 | A kind of method and its application of alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree |
| CN111972230A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-24 | 陈朝辉 | Greenhouse tomato planting method |
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 易津.羊草种子的休眠生理及提高发芽率的研究.《中国草地》.1994,(第6期),第1-6页. * |
| 谷安琳等.低温对羊草和牧冰草种子萌发率的影响.《中国草地 》.2005,第27卷(第2期),第50-54页. * |
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