CN109691267A - A kind of method and its application of alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree - Google Patents
A kind of method and its application of alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree Download PDFInfo
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- CN109691267A CN109691267A CN201910106742.5A CN201910106742A CN109691267A CN 109691267 A CN109691267 A CN 109691267A CN 201910106742 A CN201910106742 A CN 201910106742A CN 109691267 A CN109691267 A CN 109691267A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
- A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention belongs to plant planting fields, more particularly to a kind of method and its application of alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree, the described method includes: after (1) soaks seed cork tree seed 18-32 hours in water, it is put at 0-6 DEG C low-temperature treatment 25-32 days, and repeating groups are set, every group of seed is no less than 50；(2) seed after the low-temperature treatment is placed in incubator and carries out sprouting experiment；(3) chitting piece quantity is observed and recorded after 1-5 days, and chitting piece is taken out；(4) remaining non-chitting piece is continued into the low-temperature treatment, taken out after 25-32 days and is again placed in the sprouting experiment carried out in incubator 20 days；Step (3), (4) are repeated until 85% or more seed all germinates.The invention proposes a kind of efficient, accurate methods alternating temperature detection and screen different suspend mode cork tree seeds, all play actually active directive function for cork tree seed dormancy mechanism, seed dormancy release method, optimization of cultivation strategy etc..
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant planting fields, and in particular to a kind of method of alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree and its
Using.
Background technique
Cork tree is the main associated species of China's Broad-leaved Pinus Koraiensis Forests, national II grade of protection plant, is that China northeast is heard
One of big hard wealthy and medicinal xylophyta of the three of name.Integrate medicinal, material use and ornamental value, it is with higher to protect and open
Hair utilizes distant view.Due to largely cutting down and the destruction of ecological environment, the destruction Of resources are extremely serious, are in depletion.Cork tree is wild
The recovery in production-goods source is due to there are population self-renewing obstacle and seed physiology after-ripening characteristic are very difficult, production of crude drugs and resource
Protection is mainly carried out in the form of artificial growth and in situ conservation, and the artificial growth of cork tree and self-renewing are breeding with seed
Material.But since cork tree seed has a deeper hibernation feature, and degree of hibernation has different because of the difference in the place of production, this is to artificial
Breeding production, seed dormancy correlative study etc. bring inconvenience.
Seed dormancy is a kind of surviving policy for adaptation environment that plant is formed in long-term evolution, and referring to has normal live
The phenomenon that seed of power cannot be sprouted under suitable sprouting condition.The suspend mode of cork tree seed can make cork tree seed fruit in the fall
It is not sprouted after falling to ground, and after 0-10 DEG C of low temperature of winter, the suitable time in spring next year is sprouted, and guarantees cork tree children
Seedling effectively hides early spring freeze injury that may be present, and with batch of seeds there is different degree of hibernation ensure that cork tree seed exists
Spring sprouts successively, increases cork tree chances of survival, when deep-sleep seed rate is higher in seed, 0-10 DEG C of low temperature of winter is not
It is enough to release seed dormancy, spring cork tree seed cannot be sprouted.
Whether seed has on dormancy and termination of diapause is rested on mostly to the research of seed dormancy at present, seldom
It is concerned about the difference of seed dormancy degree.However for this special category of cork tree seed, objective its seed dormancy of judgement
Degree, which releases the research of cork tree Dormancy Mechanism, cork tree seed dormancy, and cork tree sowing is cultivated has great finger on strategy
Lead meaning.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a kind of methods of alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree.
Specifically, the method include that
(1) it after cork tree seed being soaked seed 18-32 hours in water, is put at 0-6 DEG C low-temperature treatment 25-32 days, setting weight
Multiple group, every group of seed are no less than 50；
(2) seed after the low-temperature treatment is placed in incubator, according to full exposure: 22-25 DEG C, 16 hours；It is black
Dark: 14-16 DEG C, 8 hours condition of culture carry out sprouting experiment；
(3) it breaks in the seed coat so that embryo is prominent, leaking out white radicle is germination mark, and record sprouts the chitting piece after experiment
Number, and chitting piece is taken out；
(4) remaining non-chitting piece is continued into the low-temperature treatment 25-32 days；It takes out and is again placed in incubator
Carry out the sprouting experiment；
Repeat step (3), (4) until percentage of seedgermination up to 85% or more (preferably 85%, 90%, 92%, 95% etc.).
The sprouting about seed disclosed in the prior art, often using first soaking seed, then in 4 DEG C of refrigerator low-temperature stratifications
Certain number of days, then carry out in the light incubator after refrigerator taking-up sprouting experiment (suitable sprouting condition such as: 14h, 24 DEG C,
Illumination 3000xl:10h, 15 DEG C, unglazed), seed sprouting quantity is re-recorded, really above-mentioned condition is conducive to seed in a way
Fast-germination, but found in real process, for different seeds, can matched sprouting condition it is different, especially needle
To cork tree seed, due to its special hibernation feature, seed is under 4 DEG C of refrigerator cryogenic conditions for a long time, it can not be as pre-
It sprout all seeds can in illumination box as scheduled and react its objective degree of hibernation/quality, quite
The sprouting attribute of its script can be lost instead/be changed to the seed of a part, and delay can not even sprout, therefore cause based on above-mentioned side
It is objective that the conclusion about seed dormancy degree that method obtains is lost, and in addition to obtaining data, can not accurately distinguish needs difference
Time dormancy-broken seeds, can not accurate instruction correlative study or plantation strategy formulation, such as different degree of hibernation seeds
Physiologic Studies, the breeding of different hibernation feature germplasm.
Present invention selection continues the sprouting (germination) that cork tree seed is completed in low-temperature treatment+sprouting experiment alternating, more
After secondary alternately experiment, it has unexpectedly been found that it can make (to need 4 DEG C of refrigerator low-temperature treatments 90 days or more to sprout in deep-sleep
Hair) cork tree percentage of seedgermination reach 85% or more, and find its while having obtained more objective degree of hibernation conclusion,
The unique hibernation feature of cork tree seed can also be complied with, the seed of degree of hibernation different in Tests Seeds is separated, for into
The relevant research of row and breeding.
Method of the present invention preferably selects the cork tree fruit newly harvested for the year, cork tree seed is removed from fruit,
It is dried after cleaning, for soaking seed after room temperature preservation 30 days.
Preferably, the time of the seed soaking is 24 hours, to ensure that seed fully absorbs moisture, and will not be soaked because of long-time
Yu Shuizhong influences physiological activity.
Preferably, the low-temperature treatment carries out in 0-6 DEG C of refrigerator；It is preferred that 4 DEG C, so that seed can under this condition
Effective breaking dormancy when carrying out multiple temperature varied cyclical, and can be reduced the breeding of microorganism, avoid rotting for seed.
Preferably, method setting of the present invention is not less than 3 repeating groups, preferably 5 repeating groups；Every group in 60-100
Grain is advisable, in practice it has proved that, the sample setting of above-mentioned degree can avoid sprouting the material contamination met by chance when experiment, and with batch kind
In son because between individual degree of hibernation differ greatly caused by error, can ensure the accuracy and stability of testing result.
Method of the present invention, time of the preferably described low-temperature treatment are 25-35 days a cycles, preferably 30 days,
It, can (highest seed germination rate appears in by the either shallow resting seed for needing 30 days or less cryogenic conditions breaking dormancies in the above-mentioned time
Within 30 days low temperature), needing the moderate resting seeds of 60 days or less cryogenic conditions breaking dormancies, (highest seed germination rate appears in 60
Within its low temperature), needing the middle deep-sleep seeds of 90 days or less cryogenic conditions breaking dormancies, (highest seed germination rate appears in 90
Within its low temperature), need the deep-sleep seed Accurate classifications of 90 days or more cryogenic conditions breaking dormancies, make different characteristics seed
It studies and cultivates and be achieved, while avoiding breaking dormancy seed to sprout under long-time cryogenic conditions because deteriorating
The influence to experimental result is sprouted in experiment, can ensure that the experimental data for continuing research is objective and accurate, due to the special kind of cork tree
Sub- hibernation feature, with the persistently overheating of earth environment, self seed is gradually poor by the effect of variation of ambient temperature breaking dormancy,
Planting percent is unable to get guarantee, and the necessity of breeding difference degree of hibernation germplasm is promoted, and the method for the invention is presently the most
Accurate and simple and direct method.
Method of the present invention, preferably condition of culture are as follows: full exposure: 24 DEG C, 16 hours；It is dark: 15 DEG C, 8 hours, to have
Helping dormancy-broken seeds can sprout completely.
Method of the present invention observed and recorded chitting piece number through 1-5 days after the sprouting experiment is carried out for the first time
Amount, it is primary to observe and record chitting piece number every 3 days later.
The present invention for the first time observed chitting piece number through 1-5 days, and the setting in above-mentioned observation period has taken into account cork tree kind
The hibernation feature and working efficiency of son, can be terminated in time by the survival ability of the formed seedling of velocity analysis of germination
Seed germination behavior reduces the possibility for sprouting that seed is contaminated under experiment condition.
Preferably, subsequent using 3 days as the observation period, chitting piece quantity was observed and recorded every 3 days.
Method of the present invention, low-temperature treatment described in preferred steps (4) are 30 days, select the duration that can reduce
While experiment number, by the either shallow resting seed for needing 30 days or less cryogenic conditions breaking dormancies, cryogenic conditions are needed 60 days or less
Middle deep-sleep seeds, need 90 days or more of moderate resting seed, need 90 days or less cryogenic conditions breaking dormancies of breaking dormancy
The deep-sleep seed Accurate classification of cryogenic conditions breaking dormancy, is achieved the research of different characteristics seed and cultivation, together
When avoid breaking dormancy seed under long-time cryogenic conditions because deterioration cannot sprout experiment in sprout to experimental result
Influence, can ensure continue research experimental data it is objective and accurate.
As another difference of the invention, provided method can will be sent out while observing and recording chitting piece quantity
Bud seed takes out, and using aforesaid operations, germination seed can be used for research and cultivating seedlings, avoid germination seed low in a new round
It rots to pollute in temperature processing.
Method of the present invention further includes the time and quantity information in conjunction with the germination of record to its degree of hibernation
The step of being judged.
Specifically, being to list the quantity of different time germination, and be made into histogram or other statisticals are shown
Show, concrete form is grasped by those skilled in the art.Different statisticals can intuitively show that same batch seed exists
The different germination quantity of different time, can determine whether the whole degree of hibernation of the batch seed accordingly, (time is longer, then illustrates to need
Low-temperature treatment is longer with the time of breaking dormancy, and degree of hibernation is deeper, by analyzing to observe this batch of cork tree seed dormancy journey
Spend feature).
Invention also provides application of the above method in cork tree plantation, especially determining cork tree plantation strategy
(especially implantation time) and judging the application in the batch cork tree seed dormancy degree difference of Different Provenances/not.
Application more specifically in one of following:
(1) judge the application in Different Provenances/different batches cork tree seed dormancy degree difference；
(2) application in the cork tree direct sowing and seedling sowing time is determined；
(3) application in different hibernation feature cork tree seed culture modes is determined；
(4) application in cork tree seeding method is determined.
When being used to determine that cork tree to plant tactful (especially implantation time) for the above method of the present invention, the present invention is mentioned
Gone out the judgment method according to statistical result obtained by the above method to whole degree of hibernation, and how according to statistical result with it is whole
Body degree of hibernation determines that the batch cork tree seed suitably plants the feasible program of tactful (especially implantation time).
If cork tree seed is routinely sowed in spring, the time is sowed, because not release emergence rate very low for its suspend mode, according to the present invention
The data of acquisition can calculate the time sowed in advance, pass through natural low temperature condition breaking dormancy.Invention also provides one
The method that kind determines the cork tree direct sowing and seedling sowing time, the specific scheme is that appearing in 30 days low temperature for highest seed germination rate
Within seed, i.e. the seed based on either shallow suspend mode sowed, for highest for 30-45 days before conventional crop is sowed in spring
Seed germination rate appears in the seed within 60 days low temperature, the i.e. seed based on moderate suspend mode, before conventional crop spring sowing
60 or so days are sowed, and the seed of 90 days low temperature or so are appeared in for highest seed germination rate, i.e., based on deep-sleep
Seed, should not sow in spring, can carry out autumn sowing or carry out artificial hypothermia's processing after sow.
Invention also provides a kind of method for determining different hibernation feature cork tree cultivating seeds modes, concrete schemes
Are as follows: the seed simultaneously with basic, normal, high degree suspend mode is divided into 4 parts, after 1 part carries out 1 wheel (30 days) low-temperature treatment using this method
Ground temperature is seeded in higher than in 10 DEG C of soil, the nursery stock of formation is either shallow resting seed cork tree, the 2nd part of seed using this method into
Row 2 is seeded in soil of the ground temperature higher than 10 DEG C after taking turns (60 days) low-temperature treatment, and the nursery stock of formation is moderate resting seed cork tree,
3rd part of seed is seeded in soil of the ground temperature higher than 10 DEG C after carrying out 3 wheel (90 days) low-temperature treatments using this method, the seedling of formation
Wood is moderate resting seed cork tree, and the 4th part of seed is seeded in after carrying out 4 or 5 wheel (120-150 days) low-temperature treatments using this method
In soil of the ground temperature higher than 10 DEG C, the nursery stock of formation is deep-sleep seed cork tree.
Invention also provides a kind of methods of determining cork tree seeding method, the specific scheme is that for through the invention
The method is determined as the seed of deep-sleep, is not suitable for directly sowing, sow after the breaking dormancy under Ying Jinhang artificial condition.
The above method of the present invention is used to judge in Different Provenances/different batches cork tree seed dormancy degree difference
In application, above-mentioned detection methods are carried out with more parts of Different Provenances/different batches cork tree seeds to be measured, by comparing different
Testing result judges the batch cork tree seed dormancy degree difference of Different Provenances/not.
Detection method provided by the present invention has complied with the unique hibernation feature of cork tree seed, has ensured testing result
Precision.
That is, the invention proposes a kind of method of efficient, accurate alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree,
Actually active guidance is all played for cork tree seed dormancy mechanism, seed dormancy release method, optimization of cultivation strategy etc.
Effect, to further push the technology of artificial growth cork tree universal and survival rate guarantee.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment further illustrates the contents of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In embodiment, unless otherwise instructed, used method is the conventional means of this field.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for present embodiments providing alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree, specific as follows:
(1) 2 parts of cork tree fruit that different batches newly harvest for the year are fetched, cork tree seed is removed from fruit, is cleaned, it will
After cork tree seed is soaked seed 24 hours in water, low-temperature treatment 30 days at 4 DEG C are put into, 5 repetitions, every repetition 50 is arranged in every part of seed
Grain seed；
(2) seed after the low-temperature treatment is placed in incubator, according to full exposure: 24 DEG C, 16 hours；It is dark:
15 DEG C, 8 hours condition of culture carry out sprouting experiment (period is 20 days)；
(3) it breaks in the seed coat so that embryo is prominent, leaking out white radicle is germination mark, is taken out chitting piece within 20 days, and record is sprouted real
Chitting piece sum (being shown in Table " germination number " in 1) after testing；
(4) remaining non-chitting piece is continued into the low-temperature treatment 30 days；Take out and be again placed in incubator into
The row sprouting experiment；
Step (3), (4) are repeated until all 85% seed all germinates.
The resulting testing result of the present embodiment is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
Note: the germination quantity that different time is recorded refers to that the whole quantity newly germinateed of 5 repetitions are (no in record
Cumulative calculation)；Germination percentage is then accumulative germination percentage.
According to the above results it is found that the degree of hibernation of 1 batch of cork tree seed is moderate suspend mode, the degree of hibernation of 2 batches of seeds is
Either shallow.
Further, the present embodiment additionally provides that verifying test result of the present invention is objective, method of accuracy, specifically
It is as follows:
Seed sprouting experiment is carried out after carrying out conventional different number of days low-temperature treatment with batch seed, specific as follows:
1, the cork tree fruit for taking current year newly to harvest, cork tree seed is removed from fruit, is cleaned, is dried, in room temperature preservation
30 days or more；
2, cork tree seed is soaked seed 24 hours in water, is put into low-temperature treatment at 4 DEG C；
3, since the 15th day, a seed is carried out every 15 and sprouts experiment, by the kind after different number of days low-temperature treatment
Son is placed in incubator, according to full exposure: 24 DEG C, 16 hours；Dark: 15 DEG C, 8 hours condition of culture carry out sprouting experiment,
5 repeating groups are set, and every group 50, seed, low-temperature treatment 90 days are last group experiment.
Testing result is shown in Table 2:
Table 2
| Low-temperature treatment number of days | 15 days | 30 days | 45 days | 60 days | 75 days | 90 days |
| 1 batch of final germination percentage | 12% | 19% | 47% | 68% | 76% | 76% |
| 2 batches of final germination percentages | 23% | 60% | 75% | 87% | 88% | 86% |
According to the above results it is found that this programme and conventional method acquired results are almost the same, adds up germination percentage and be higher than routine
The highest germination percentage of method illustrates that this programme acquired results are objective and accurate, while also can avoid breaking dormancy seed and continuing to locate
The germination percentage decline generated when in low temperature environment by bad lose of seed.
As it can be seen that using detection method of the present invention, can the degree of hibernation to cork tree seed accurately detected and
Judgement.
The present embodiment provides the technical solution for determining that this batch of cork tree seed preferably plants strategy simultaneously, specific as follows:
Two batches cork tree seed can carry out spring live streaming, optimal implantation time: 1 batch of seed is to broadcast in conventional crop spring
45-60 days before kind, 2 batches of seeds are 30-45 days or so.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides another for detecting cork tree seed (test object with embodiment 11 batch) degree of hibernation
Method, it is specific as follows:
1, the cork tree fruit for taking current year newly to harvest, cork tree seed is removed from fruit, is cleaned, is dried, in room temperature preservation
30 days or more；
2, cork tree seed is soaked seed 24 hours in water, is put into low-temperature treatment at 4 DEG C；
3, since the 15th day, a seed is carried out every 15 and sprouts experiment, by the kind after different number of days low-temperature treatment
Son is placed in incubator, according to full exposure: 24 DEG C, 16 hours；Dark: 15 DEG C, 8 hours condition of culture carry out sprouting experiment,
5 repeating groups are set, every group 50, seed, is tested for last time within low-temperature treatment 150 days, it is real to carry out 10 independent sproutings altogether
It tests, after the test, all material does not retain.
The resulting testing result of this comparative example is shown in Table 3:
Table 3
As it can be seen that being directed to same test object, accurate degree of hibernation is unable to get according to detection method described in comparative example 1
Conclusion, and there is also cannot obtain the defect of accurate highest germination percentage (as early stage, dormancy-broken seeds, meeting exist because of long-time
Deterioration occurs under cryogenic conditions, cannot sprout.Therefore, when existing simultaneously shallow dormancy and deep dormancy seed in batch seed, often
Rule experimental method cannot get accurate highest germination percentage).
Although above having used general explanation, specific embodiment and test, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
It states, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of alternating temperature detection cork tree seed dormancy degree characterized by comprising
(1) it after cork tree seed being soaked seed 18-32 hours in water, is put at 0-6 DEG C low-temperature treatment 25-32 days, repeating groups is set,
Every group of seed is no less than 50；
(2) seed after the low-temperature treatment is placed in incubator, according to full exposure: 22-25 DEG C, 16 hours；It is dark:
14-16 DEG C, 8 hours condition of culture carry out sprouting experiment；
(3) it breaks in the seed coat so that embryo is prominent, leaking out white radicle is germination mark, and record sprouts the chitting piece number after experiment, and
Chitting piece is taken out；
(4) remaining non-chitting piece is continued into the low-temperature treatment 25-32 days；It takes out and is again placed in incubator and carry out
The sprouting experiment；
Repeat step (3), (4) until percentage of seedgermination up to 85% or more.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the seed soaking is 24 hours.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the low-temperature treatment carries out in 0-6 DEG C of refrigerator；
It is preferred that being carried out in 4 DEG C of refrigerator.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the condition of culture are as follows: full exposure: 24 DEG C, 16 hours；It is black
It is dark: 15 DEG C, 8 hours.
5. method described in -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described sprout experiment period be 18-22 days, preferably 20
It.
6. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that after sprouting experiment is carried out, through 1-5 days the
Chitting piece quantity once is observed and recorded, it is primary every 3 days observation discipline chitting piece numbers later.
7. method according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the low-temperature treatment is 30 days.
8. method according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that in conjunction with germination time and quantity to it
Degree of hibernation is judged.
9. application of any one of the claim 1-8 the method in cork tree is planted.
10. any one of claim 1-8 the method is in the application in one of following:
(1) judge the application in Different Provenances/different batches cork tree seed dormancy degree difference；
(2) application in the cork tree direct sowing and seedling sowing time is determined；
(3) application in different hibernation feature cork tree seed culture modes is determined；
(4) application in cork tree seeding method is determined.
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| CN101199250A (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-06-18 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Leymus chinensis low-temperature seed presoaking and temperature changing combination germinating method |
| CN103828512A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for breaking dormancy of new celery seeds |
| CN104663449A (en) * | 2015-03-01 | 2015-06-03 | 陈凤佳 | Phellodendron amurense tissue culture and rapid propagation method |
| CN106912270A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-07-04 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of cork tree Medical forests high-efficient method for cultivating |
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