CN109691266A - A kind of method and its application of Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree - Google Patents
A kind of method and its application of Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree Download PDFInfo
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- CN109691266A CN109691266A CN201910106731.7A CN201910106731A CN109691266A CN 109691266 A CN109691266 A CN 109691266A CN 201910106731 A CN201910106731 A CN 201910106731A CN 109691266 A CN109691266 A CN 109691266A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
- A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention belongs to plant planting fields, more particularly to a kind of method and its application of Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree, the described method includes: being put into low-temperature treatment at 0-6 DEG C after cork tree seed is soaked seed 18-32 hours in water and repeating groups being arranged, every group of seed is no less than 50；By seed breach, white radicle is visible to be considered as germination mark, since the 45th day, chitting piece quantity is observed and recorded every 12-16 days, and the chitting piece is taken out, until 90% or more seed all germinates or continuous 30 days newly-increased germination percentages are less than 1%.The invention proposes a kind of methods of efficient, accurate Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree, it all plays actually active directive function for cork tree seed dormancy mechanism, seed dormancy release method, optimization of cultivation strategy etc., to further push the technology of artificial growth cork tree universal and survival rate guarantee.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant planting fields, and in particular to a kind of method of Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree and its
Using.
Background technique
Cork tree is the main associated species of China's Broad-leaved Pinus Koraiensis Forests, national II grade of protection plant, is that China northeast is heard
One of big hard big medicinal xylophyta in wealthy and China three of the three of name.Integrate medicinal, material use and ornamental value, it is with higher
Protection and developed application distant view.Due to largely cutting down and the destruction of ecological environment, the destruction Of resources are extremely serious, are in failure shape
State.The recovery of cork tree wild resource is due to there are population self-renewing obstacle and seed physiology after-ripening characteristic are very difficult, medicinal material
Production and protection of resources are mainly carried out in the form of artificial growth and in situ conservation, the artificial growth of cork tree and self-renewing with
Seed is propagation material.But since cork tree seed has deeper hibernation feature, exist simultaneously in same batch seed shallow dormancy,
The seed of moderate suspend mode and deep-sleep, and there are each degree of hibernation seeds between different geographical or same region different year
The larger phenomenon of proportional difference brings inconvenience for productive manpower breeding etc..
Seed dormancy is a kind of surviving policy for adaptation environment that plant is formed in long-term evolution, and referring to has normal live
The phenomenon that seed of power cannot be sprouted under suitable sprouting condition.The suspend mode of cork tree seed can make cork tree seed fruit in the fall
It does not sprout after falling to ground, and is sprouted in the suitable time in spring next year after low-temperature treatment, guarantee that Phellodendron amurense has
Effect hides early spring freeze injury that may be present, and with batch of seeds there is different degree of hibernation ensure that cork tree seed in spring land
It is continuous to sprout, increase cork tree chances of survival.
Whether seed has on dormancy and termination of diapause is rested on mostly to the research of seed dormancy at present, seldom
It is concerned about the difference of seed dormancy degree.However for this special category of cork tree seed, objective its seed dormancy of judgement
Degree, which releases the research of cork tree Dormancy Mechanism, cork tree seed dormancy, and cork tree sowing is cultivated has great finger on strategy
Lead meaning.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a kind of methods of Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree.
Specifically, the method include that
After cork tree seed is soaked seed 18-32 hours in water, it is put into low-temperature treatment at 0-6 DEG C and repeating groups is set, every group
Seed is no less than 50；
By seed breach, white radicle is visible to be considered as germination mark (being equivalent to has had germinating capacity 30 days), from
Start within 45th day, chitting piece quantity was observed and recorded every 12-16 days, and the chitting piece is taken out, until 90% or more
(preferably 90%, 92%, 95% etc.) seed all germinates or continuous 30 days newly-increased germination percentages are less than 1%.
The sprouting about seed disclosed in the prior art, often using first soaking seed, then in 4 DEG C of refrigerator low-temperature stratifications
Certain number of days, then carry out in the light incubator after refrigerator taking-up sprouting experiment (suitable sprouting condition such as: 14h, 24 DEG C,
It is illumination 3000xl:10h, 15 DEG C, unglazed), then with suitable frequency, such as every 3-7 days record seed sprouting quantities, really above-mentioned item
Part is conducive to the fast-germination of seed in a way, but finds in real process, can be matched for different seeds
Sprouting condition is different, cannot hold the releasing of different batches seed due to its special hibernation feature in particular for cork tree seed
The time required to suspend mode, if carrying out Different hypothermia time-triggered protocol respectively, more manpower and cost can be expended, if whole seeds are long
Time is under cryogenic conditions, can not make all seeds that can sprout as scheduled as expected and react its objective suspend mode
The sprouting attribute of its script can be lost instead/be changed to degree/quality, the significant component of seed of breaking dormancy, and delay is even
It can not sprout；Therefore it is objective to cause the conclusion about seed dormancy degree or seed quality etc. obtained based on the above method to be lost,
It can not accurate instruction correlative study or the formulation of plantation strategy.
Present invention selection continues to complete in the constant low temperature refrigerator of temperature to the breaking dormancy time needed for cork tree seed
Detection, observation is equivalent to an experiment process of routine experiment each time, it has unexpectedly been found that it is while simplifying operation, also
The ratio of various degree of hibernation seeds in detection seed can be obtained, result is in addition to it can be used for theoretical research, it may also be used for calculate
Sowing time or application rate under the conditions of various when plantation cork tree.More objective degree of hibernation conclusion is obtained.
Method of the present invention preferably selects the cork tree fruit newly harvested for the year, cork tree seed is removed from fruit,
For soaking seed after cleaning.
Preferably, the time of the seed soaking is 24 hours, to ensure that seed fully absorbs moisture.
Preferably, the low-temperature treatment carries out in 0-6 DEG C of refrigerator；It is preferred that 4 DEG C, so that seed can under this condition
Effective breaking dormancy when seed dormancy degree is deeper, and can reduce the breeding of microorganism in prolonged experiment, avoid planting
Son rots.
Preferably, method setting of the present invention is not less than 3 repeating groups, preferably 5 repeating groups；Every group in 60-100
Grain is advisable, in practice it has proved that, the setting of the sample of above-mentioned degree, can avoid in batch seed because between individual degree of hibernation differ greatly
Caused by error, can ensure the accuracy and stability of testing result.
Method of the present invention, it is only necessary to carry out continuous observation under cryogenic using a small amount of seed, select 12-16
It observes the sprouting experiment for the specific time processing being equivalent in conventional method, it is only necessary to make as the observation period every time
With the identical seed amount of routine experiment, the increasing that artificial estimation designs the experimental cost of multiple low-temperature treatment duration experiments is avoided
Add, avoiding breaking dormancy seed cannot sprout in sprouting experiment to experimental result under long-time cryogenic conditions because deteriorating
Influence, the setting in above-mentioned observation period taken into account the hibernation feature and working efficiency of cork tree seed, can be to 90% or more seed
It is precisely parsed the time required to termination of diapause, the formulation tactful to cork tree plantation or needs are with seed dormancy degree quantitative data
Reliable foundation is provided for the research of foundation.
Preferably, using 15 days as the observation period, chitting piece quantity was observed and recorded every 15 days.
As another difference of the invention, provided method can will be sent out while observing and recording chitting piece quantity
Bud seed takes out, and using aforesaid operations, can avoid polluting caused by chitting piece rots.
Method of the present invention, further include in conjunction with record seed germinating time and quantity information to its degree of hibernation into
The step of row judges.
Specifically, being to list the quantity of different time chitting piece, and be made into histogram or other statisticals add
With display, concrete form is grasped by those skilled in the art.Different statisticals can intuitively show same batch kind
Son is in the different germination quantity of different time, and can determine whether the whole degree of hibernation of the batch seed accordingly, (time is longer, then illustrates
Need low-temperature treatment longer with the time of breaking dormancy, degree of hibernation is deeper, stops by analyzing to observe this batch of cork tree seed
Dormancy degree feature).
Invention also provides application of the above method in cork tree plantation, answering especially in one of following
With:
(1) judge the application in Different Provenances/different batches cork tree seed dormancy degree difference；
(2) application in the cork tree direct sowing and seedling sowing time is determined；
(3) application in cork tree direct sowing and seedling application rate is calculated；
(4) application in artificial hypothermia's releasing cork tree seed dormancy time is calculated；
(5) application in cork tree seeding method is determined.
When being used to determine that cork tree to plant tactful (especially implantation time) for the above method of the present invention, the present invention is mentioned
Gone out the judgment method according to statistical result obtained by the above method to whole degree of hibernation, and how according to statistical result with it is whole
Body degree of hibernation determines that the batch cork tree seed suitably plants the feasible program of tactful (especially implantation time).According to this hair
The nursery stock quantity that bright experimental data, plantation crops conventional seed planting time in region spring and needs obtain can calculate the sowing time
Or need to the amount of kind calculating.
If cork tree seed is routinely sowed in spring, the time is sowed, because not release emergence rate very low for its suspend mode, according to the present invention
The data of acquisition can calculate the time sowed in advance, pass through natural low temperature condition breaking dormancy.
Invention also provides the method for determining cork tree direct sowing and seedling sowing time a kind of, calculate and expected emergence rate
The time number of days for subtracting 30 the time required to corresponding germination percentage day, this time number of days before conventional crop spring sowing are broadcast
Kind.
It is specific as follows invention also provides a kind of method for calculating cork tree direct sowing and seedling application rate: application rate=pre-
Phase number of emerging ÷ germination percentage (is equal to the low-temperature treatment time in number of days+30 days than what conventional crop spring sowing shifted to an earlier date with the sowing time
Germination percentage) the every Kg seed grain number of ÷.
It is specific as follows: to reach invention also provides a kind of method that calculating artificial hypothermia releases the seed dormancy time
It is 30 days m- when low-temperature treatment needed for germination percentage identical as expected emergence rate.
It is specific as follows invention also provides a kind of method of determining cork tree seeding method: for low-temperature treatment 90 days
Percentage of seedgermination is not up to 30% seed (belonging to deep-sleep seed, such seed is not suitable for directly sowing), Ying Jin
Breaking dormancy under the conditions of pedestrian's work is sowed when accumulating germination percentage and reaching 65% or so.
In addition, being used to judge that the batch cork tree seed dormancy degree of Different Provenances/not to be poor for the above method of the present invention
It is in different in application, above-mentioned detection methods are carried out with more parts of Different Provenances/different batches cork tree seeds to be measured, by comparing not
With testing result judge the batch cork tree seed dormancy degree difference of Different Provenances/not.
By adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention realize it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, easy to operate, it is arranged without complicated sprouting condition, seed can be completed merely through the low-temperature treatment of constant temperature
High quality is sprouted；
2, the unique hibernation feature of cork tree seed has been complied with, has ensured the precision of testing result.
That is, the invention proposes a kind of method of efficient, accurate Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree,
Actually active guidance is all played for cork tree seed dormancy mechanism, seed dormancy release method, optimization of cultivation strategy etc.
Effect, to further push the technology of artificial growth cork tree universal and survival rate guarantee.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment further illustrates the contents of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In embodiment, unless otherwise instructed, used method is the conventional means of this field.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for present embodiments providing Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree, specific as follows:
1, the cork tree fruit for taking current year newly to harvest, cork tree seed is removed from fruit, is cleaned, is dried, in room temperature preservation
30 days or more；
2, cork tree seed is soaked seed 24 hours in water, be put into low-temperature treatment at 4 DEG C and 5 repeating groups, every group of kind is set
Son 100；
3, with kind of a skin breach, white radicle is visible as germination mark, since the 45th day, observes and records every 15 days
Chitting piece quantity, and chitting piece is taken out, until 90% or more seed all germinates.
The resulting testing result of the present embodiment is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
| 45 days | 60 days | 75 days | 90 days | |
| Repeating groups 1 | 30 | 26 | 15 | 23 |
| Repeating groups 2 | 28 | 24 | 17 | 22 |
| Repeating groups 3 | 31 | 26 | 16 | 20 |
| Repeating groups 4 | 29 | 23 | 18 | 21 |
| Repeating groups 5 | 28 | 27 | 17 | 19 |
Note: the germination quantity that different time is recorded refers in the quantity (not cumulative calculation) for recording stylish germination.
According to the above results it is found that the degree of hibernation of this batch of cork tree seed is shallow moderate suspend mode, through artificial or natural low temperature
Processing can make the germination percentage of seed up to 90% or more in 60 days.
The present embodiment provides the technical solution for determining that this batch of cork tree seed preferably plants strategy simultaneously, it may be assumed that this batch of Huang
Bark of a cork tree seed can carry out spring and directly sow, and optimal implantation time is 45-60 days before conventional crop is sowed in spring, at this time seed
Germination percentage is up to 80%-90% or more.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for present embodiments providing Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree, specific as follows:
1, the cork tree fruit for taking current year newly to harvest, cork tree seed is removed from fruit, is cleaned, is dried, in room temperature preservation
30 days or more；
2, cork tree seed is soaked seed 24 hours in water, be put into low-temperature treatment at 6 DEG C and 5 repeating groups, every group of kind is set
Son 100；
3, with kind of a skin breach, white radicle is visible as germination mark, since the 45th day, observes and records every 15 days
Chitting piece quantity, and chitting piece is taken out, until 90% or more seed all germinates.
The resulting testing result of the present embodiment is shown in Table 2:
Table 2
| 45 days | 60 days | 75 days | 90 days | |
| Repeating groups 1 | 29 | 25 | 20 | 19 |
| Repeating groups 2 | 27 | 22 | 19 | 23 |
| Repeating groups 3 | 30 | 26 | 17 | 18 |
| Repeating groups 4 | 31 | 27 | 16 | 19 |
| Repeating groups 5 | 28 | 24 | 15 | 24 |
Note: the germination quantity that different time is recorded refers in the quantity (not cumulative calculation) for recording stylish germination.
According to the above results it is found that the degree of hibernation of this batch of cork tree seed is shallow moderate suspend mode, through artificial or natural low temperature
Processing can make the germination percentage of seed up to 90% or more in 60 days, identical to the effect of breaking dormancy under the conditions of 6 DEG C with 4 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for present embodiments providing Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree, specific as follows:
1, the cork tree fruit for taking current year newly to harvest, cork tree seed is removed from fruit, is cleaned, is dried, in room temperature preservation
30 days or more；
2, cork tree seed is soaked seed 32 hours in water, be put into low-temperature treatment at 4 DEG C and 5 repeating groups, every group of kind is set
Son 100；
3, with kind of a skin breach, white radicle is visible as germination mark, since the 45th day, observes and records every 15 days
Chitting piece quantity, and chitting piece is taken out, until 90% or more seed all germinates.
The resulting testing result of the present embodiment is shown in Table 3:
Table 3
| 45 days | 60 days | 75 days | 90 days | |
| Repeating groups 1 | 29 | 24 | 18 | 20 |
| Repeating groups 2 | 31 | 26 | 15 | 19 |
| Repeating groups 3 | 27 | 23 | 14 | 23 |
| Repeating groups 4 | 28 | 27 | 19 | 18 |
| Repeating groups 5 | 30 | 25 | 15 | 19 |
Note: the germination quantity that different time is recorded refers in the quantity (not cumulative calculation) for recording stylish germination.
According to the above results it is found that the degree of hibernation of this batch of cork tree seed is shallow moderate suspend mode, through artificial or natural low temperature
Processing can make the germination percentage of seed up to 90% or more in 60 days.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example additionally provides that verifying test result of the present invention is objective, method of accuracy, specific as follows:
1, the cork tree fruit for taking current year newly to harvest, cork tree seed is removed from fruit, is cleaned, is dried, in room temperature preservation
30 days or more；
2, cork tree seed is soaked seed 24 hours in water, is put into low-temperature treatment at 4 DEG C；
3, since the 15th day, a seed was carried out every 15 days and sprouts experiment, wherein sprouts the condition of experiment are as follows: is complete
Illumination, 24 DEG C, 16 hours, dark, 15 DEG C, 8 hours, are arranged 5 repeating groups, every group 50, seed, low-temperature treatment 150 days are last
Primary experiment.
The resulting testing result of this comparative example is shown in Table 4:
Table 4
Wherein, the experiment condition that one column of the present invention use is the same as embodiment 1.
According to the above results it is found that scheme of the present invention and conventional method acquired results (same to batch of seeds) are before experiment
Phase is almost the same, and the present invention measures germination percentage and differs about 30 days basic same values with comparative example germination percentage in table, but in the comparative example,
After low temperature 90 days, germination percentage does not rise anti-drop, and accumulation germination percentage of the present invention at 150 days has been apparently higher than the highest of comparative example
Germination percentage illustrates that the present invention can avoid the hair generated when breaking dormancy seed is kept in low temperature environment by bad lose of seed
Bud rate decline.
As it can be seen that being directed to same test object, accurate degree of hibernation is unable to get according to detection method described in comparative example 1
Conclusion, and there is also the defects that cannot obtain highest germination percentage.
Although above having used general explanation, specific embodiment and test, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
It states, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of Constant Temperature Detection cork tree seed dormancy degree characterized by comprising
After cork tree seed is soaked seed 18-32 hours in water, it is put into low-temperature treatment at 0-6 DEG C and repeating groups is set, every group of seed
No less than 50；
By seed breach, white radicle is visible to be considered as germination mark, since the 45th day, observes and records every 12-16 days
Chitting piece quantity, and the chitting piece is taken out, until 90% or more seed all germinates or continuous 30 days newly-increased germination percentages
Less than 1%.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the seed soaking is 24 hours.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the low-temperature treatment carries out in 0-6 DEG C of refrigerator.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the low-temperature treatment carries out in 4 DEG C of refrigerator.
5. every group at 60-100 the method according to claim 1, wherein setting is not less than 3 repeating groups.
6. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that observed and recorded chitting piece number every 15 days
Amount.
7. method according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that in conjunction with germination time and quantity to it
Degree of hibernation is judged.
8. application of any one of the claim 1-7 the method in cork tree is planted.
9. any one of claim 1-7 the method is in the application in one of following:
(1) judge the application in Different Provenances/different batches cork tree seed dormancy degree difference；
(2) application in the cork tree direct sowing and seedling sowing time is determined；
(3) application in cork tree direct sowing and seedling application rate is calculated；
(4) application in artificial hypothermia's releasing cork tree seed dormancy time is calculated；
(5) application in cork tree seeding method is determined.
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| CN103828512A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for breaking dormancy of new celery seeds |
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| CN107046849A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-08-18 | 河西学院 | A kind of efficient germination accelerating method of D.giraldii Nitsche seed |
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2019
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103828512A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for breaking dormancy of new celery seeds |
| CN104663449A (en) * | 2015-03-01 | 2015-06-03 | 陈凤佳 | Phellodendron amurense tissue culture and rapid propagation method |
| CN106912270A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-07-04 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of cork tree Medical forests high-efficient method for cultivating |
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Application publication date: 20190430 |