LU505546B1 - A soybean cultivation method that promotes robust root systems and resistance to adversity - Google Patents
A soybean cultivation method that promotes robust root systems and resistance to adversity Download PDFInfo
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- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzyladenine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2NC=NC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- MEBQXILRKZHVCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methidathion Chemical compound COC1=NN(CSP(=S)(OC)OC)C(=O)S1 MEBQXILRKZHVCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical group [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- OSUHJPCHFDQAIT-GFCCVEGCSA-N quizalofop-P-ethyl Chemical group C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(=O)OCC)=CC=C1OC1=CN=C(C=C(Cl)C=C2)C2=N1 OSUHJPCHFDQAIT-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorpyrifos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- YFGYUFNIOHWBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pirimicarb Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)OC1=NC(N(C)C)=NC(C)=C1C YFGYUFNIOHWBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005082 stem growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- WVQBLGZPHOPPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl)acetamide Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(C)=C1N(C(C)COC)C(=O)CCl WVQBLGZPHOPPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MGOHCFMYLBAPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinoxaden Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=CC(CC)=C1C(C1=O)=C(OC(=O)C(C)(C)C)N2N1CCOCC2 MGOHCFMYLBAPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prochloraz Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
- A01P13/02—Herbicides; Algicides selective
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P15/00—Biocides for specific purposes not provided for in groups A01P1/00 - A01P13/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P7/00—Arthropodicides
- A01P7/04—Insecticides
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
This invention discloses a method for cultivating soybeans with robust root systems and resistance to adversity, which is related to the field of soybean cultivation technology. The cultivation method of this invention includes the following steps: fallow plowing in the previous season, variety selection, seed treatment, land preparation and sowing, field management, combined application of foliar fertilization with chemical control spraying, and harvesting. The soybean cultivation method of this invention can effectively improve the overall quality of soybean populations, promote root growth, enhance resistance to adverse environmental conditions, and provide assurance for increasing soybean yield.
Description
DESCRIPTION LUS05546
A SOYBEAN CULTIVATION METHOD THAT PROMOTES ROBUST ROOT
SYSTEMS AND RESISTANCE TO ADVERSITY
This invention belongs to the field of soybean cultivation technology, specifically involving a soybean cultivation method that promotes robust root systems and resistance to adversity.
Soybean is an important oilseed crop and staple food crop in China, and its yield is crucial for the country's food security. However, China is still in a state of being a major importer of soybeans. Therefore, it is urgent to increase soybean production in the country.
Currently, the key factors limiting soybean production in China are as follows:
Firstly, the extensive farming practices and improper cultivation measures adopted by farmers, along with the effects of returning straw to the fields from the previous crop, which affect germination. There is a severe occurrence of missing seedlings and broken ridges. Conventional staggered sowing leads to underdeveloped soybean roots and severe root diseases, which can result in premature aging in later stages. This affects the absorption and utilization of nutrients by soybean plants, and insufficient nutrients easily lead to premature aging and a decrease in the overall photosynthetic and assimilation capacities, resulting in insufficient grain filling and ultimately reducing soybean yield and quality. Secondly, soybean seedling waterlogging and adverse conditions such as high-temperature drought during the flowering and podding stages are frequent, severely affecting the growth and development of soybean plants, leading to poor overall quality.
Therefore, providing a cultivation method that improves the overall quality bf#505546 soybean populations, promotes root growth, and enhances resistance to adversity is an important guarantee for increasing soybean production.
In response to the shortcomings of existing techniques, the present invention provides a soybean cultivation method that promotes robust root systems and resistance to adversity, effectively improving the overall quality of soybean populations, fostering root growth, and enhancing resistance to environmental stresses, thereby ensuring increased soybean yields.
The method is achieved through the following technical measures:
Fallow plowing in the previous season when planting wheat as the preceding crop, using a disc plow for fallow plowing at a depth of 20-25 cm.
Selecting soybean varieties suitable for local light and temperature conditions.
Furthermore, the seeds are treated with a combination of various agents before sowing, such as 50% carbendazim wettable powder, metalaxyl-manganese zinc, 50% thiodiazole wettable powder, and 40% methidathion.
The land is prepared and sown using a combined rotary tiller and precision seeder for soybean sowing, with row spacing of 35-40 cm and sowing depth of 3-5 cm. Prompt replanting is conducted based on the emergence situation.
Field management includes water and fertilizer management, as well as disease, pest, and weed control.
Foliar fertilization with chemical control spraying is carried out during the flowering and podding stage.
Harvesting is done promptly after the soybeans are fully matured.
Preferably, the soybean varieties include high-yielding and stress-resistant varieties, such as Wandou 37, Wandou 33, Zhonghuang 13, Zhonghuang 37, Xudou 9, and Fudou 9.
Preferably, for soybean varieties with strong branches, the planting density is set k#505546 15,000-18,000*15 plants per ha, while for varieties with weak branches, the planting density is set at 18,000-20,000*15 plants per ha”.
Preferably, the specific steps for water and fertilizer management as described in step (5) of the preferred embodiment are as follows: the water and fertilizer management in step (5) is as follows: Water management:
Drain excess water in case of heavy rainfall and irrigate in case of high-temperature drought. Fertilizer management: Before rotary tillage, apply 5 kg*15 of urea, 50 kg*15 of calcium superphosphate, and 15 kg*15 of potassium chloride per mu, or apply 20 kg*15 of compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) per ha‘, or apply 2000-3000 kg*15 of organic fertilizer per ha. During the seedling stage to early flowering stage, if the seedlings are yellow or weak, apply 5-8 kg*15 of urea per ha” during rainy periods. During the flowering and podding stage, spray 100 g*15 of borax and 30-40 kg*15 of molybdenum fertilizer diluted in water per ha” to promote flower and pod retention. Spray foliar fertilizer appropriately during the pod-filling stage.
Preferably, the foliar fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate or Yemianbao, and America Star.
Preferably, the disease, pest, and weed control in step (5) are as follows: Disease and pest control: During the seedling stage, spray 6-8 g*15 of 50% imidacloprid wettable powder or 10-20 g*15 of 10% pirimicarb wettable powder diluted in 30-50 kg*15 of water per ha. During the flowering and podding stage, spray 20-40 mL*15 of 5% chlorpyrifos, 2000-3000 times of 1% avermectin emulsion, or 320 times of 25% cyhalothrin emulsion at intervals of 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive times per ha‘. During the pod-filling stage, spray 20-40 mL*15 of 20% cyhalothrin emulsion per ha". Weed control: Before emergence after sowing, timely perform closed weeding using 50-75 mL*15 of 50% butachlor per ha”. After emergence and before closing rows, if there are many weeds, use 20-30 mL of 10.8% clethodim per mu or 25-30 mL of 10% quizalofop-p-ethyl plus 50-70 mL*15 of 25% fluorosulfonamide ether per ha”. After closing rows, manually remove weeds.
Preferably, for plots with densely planted varieties, large populations, and vigorods/505546 flowering and podding, it is advisable to control stem and leaf growth during the flowering stage by spraying paclobutrazol at a concentration of 20 mL*15 per ha‘ diluted in 20 kg*15 of water or by spraying 50 g*15 of 15% prohexadione-calcium per ha! for control.
During the flowering and podding stage, spray 6-Benzylaminopurine at a concentration of 50 ppm*15 per ha”.
Preferably, the foliar fertilizer in step (6) is America Star foliar fertilizer, and the chemical regulator is 6-Benzylaminopurine.
The invention has the following beneficial effects compared to existing technologies:
This invention can enhance the overall quality of soybean populations. By applying foliar fertilizer and growth regulators in the later stages of soybean pod development, the invention delays the senescence of soybeans, increases the leaf area index, enhances the overall photosynthesis of the population, thereby improving soybean yield.
The invention promotes the growth of soybean root systems. Through a combination of fallow and rotation tillage practices in the previous crop year and the soybean growing season, the invention improves soil fertility and soil aeration, thereby promoting the growth of soybean root systems.
The invention also strengthens soybean resistance to environmental stress. By regulating the root system and late-stage population of soybeans, the invention enhances soybean resistance to adverse conditions such as drought and high temperatures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION LUS05546
In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more easily understandable, detailed explanations of specific embodiments of the present invention are provided below in conjunction with the drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Instead, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.
Example 1 A soybean cultivation method promoting robust root systems and resistance to adversity, with the following specific steps: (1) Fallow plowing: Using a disc plow to plow the previous crop in the fallow year at a depth of 20-25 cm. (2) Variety selection: Choosing soybean varieties suitable for local light and temperature conditions. (3) Seed treatment: Treating seeds with a mixture of agents before sowing, including 50% carbendazim wettable powder, metalaxyl-manganese zinc, 50% thiodiazole wettable powder, and 40% methidathion. (4) Land preparation and sowing: Using a combined rotary tiller and precision seeder for soybean sowing, with row spacing of 35-40 cm and sowing depth of 3-5 cm. Prompt replanting is conducted based on the emergence situation. (5) Field management: Water and fertilizer management, disease, pest, and weed control. (6) Foliar fertilization with chemical control spraying: Spraying foliar fertilizers and chemical control substances during the flowering and podding stage. (7) Harvesting: Timely harvesting when soybeans are fully matured.
In this example, the soybean varieties include Wandou 37, Wandou 33,
Zhonghuang 13, Zhonghuang 37, Xudou 9, and Fudou 9.
Moreover, for step (4) in this invention, the soybean varieties with strong branches are planted at a rate of 15,000-18,000 plants *15 per ha‘, while those with weak branches are planted at a rate of 18,000-20,000 plants *15 per ha”.
In addition, the specific measures for water and fertilizer management in step (5) of this invention include the following:
Water management: Drainage to prevent waterlogging before flowering arid/505546 irrigation to prevent drought during the late flowering stage. Fertilizer management:
Applying urea, calcium superphosphate, and potassium chloride before rotary tillage, or applying compound fertilizer, or organic fertilizer. Additional fertilization is done during specific stages.
Furthermore, the foliar fertilizers used include potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
Yemianbao, and America Star.
Additionally, the disease, pest, and weed control methods in step (5) of this invention are as follows:
Disease and pest control: Spraying 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a rate of 6-8 g *15 per ha'during the seedling stage, or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder at a rate of 10-20 g*15 per ha‘, diluted with 30-50 kg*15 of water. During the flowering and podding stage, spraying 5% cyhalothrin at a rate of 20-40 mL *15 per ha', 1% avermectin emulsion at a rate of 2000-3000 times, or 25% cyhalothrin emulsion at a rate of 320 times, at intervals of 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays. During the pod filling stage, spraying 20% cyhalothrin emulsion at a rate of 20-40 mL *15 per ha”.
Weed control: Timely weed control before emergence after sowing using 50% metolachlor at a rate of 50-75 mL *15 per ha” for uniform spraying. Before closing the rows after emergence, if there are many weeds, 10.8% pinoxaden at a rate of 20-30 mL *15 per ha! can be used, or 10% clethodim at a rate of 25-30 mL *15 per ha”, along with 25% quizalofop-P-ethyl at a rate of 50-70 mL *15 per ha”. After closing the rows, manual weeding is carried out.
For plots with densely planted varieties and vigorous flowering and podding, the use of paclobutrazol for stem and leaf control during the peak flowering stage is recommended, at a rate of 20 mL of paclobutrazol *15 per ha diluted in 20 kg*15 of water, or 50 g *150f 15% prochloraz diluted in 40-50 kg *15of water for control. During the podding stage, 6-benzylaminopurine is sprayed at a rate of 50 ppm *15 per ha”.
Utilizing the cultivation method of the present invention example 1 for plantirl#/505546 experiments, the specifics are as follows:
The experiment was conducted in 2020 at the Suzhou Agricultural Science Institute
Base in Yonggiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, and in 2021 at the Agricultural
Science Institute Base in Guoyang County, Bozhou City, Anhui Province. Two treatments were set up in the experiment: the robust root system and resistance to adversity cultivation method and the conventional farming method. The robust root system and resistance to adversity cultivation method were implemented according to the requirements of this patent, while soybeans were planted using conventional farming methods employed by local farmers, which were relatively extensive. Each treatment was planted on an area of 10 ha”, and two varieties, Wandou 37 and Zhonghuang 13, were planted in each treatment. The Suzhou trial point was sown on June 14, 2020, and harvested on September 27, 2020. The Suzhou trial point in 2021 was sown on June 18, 2021, and harvested on October 3, 2021.
The survey and measurement indicators were as follows: (1) Record of the growth stages: Detailed records of the soybean emergence, branching, flowering, podding, pod filling, and maturity stages. (2) Growth and development, as well as the accumulation and distribution of photosynthetic products: During the peak flowering and maturity stages, 10 soybean plants with consistent growth were selected for sampling, and samples were collected from different organs (roots, stems, leaves, pods, and grains).
All samples were killed at 105°C for 30 minutes, then dried at 80°C to a constant weight, and the dry weights of each organ were measured using an electronic balance. (3) Root system characteristics survey: During the seedling and podding stages, 5 soybean plants with consistent growth were selected for root excavation and investigation. Root system characteristic indicators such as primary root length, total root length, root volume, and dry weight were measured. (4) Population canopy structure and light interception rate determination: At various growth stages of soybeans, using a SunScan canopy analyzer, the effective solar radiation at the ground and under natural light was measured 10 times.
The leaf area index (LAI) and light interception rate were calculated using tHé/505546 formula. (5) Yield: Yield and yield component factors, including actual density per plot, effective pod number per plant, number of grains per pod, and 100-grain weight, were surveyed during the harvest period. Two rows were selected in each plot for actual yield measurement.
The test results are shown in Tables 1-3 (the data in the tables are arithmetic averages).
Table 1: Effects of different management methods on soybean root growth characteristics during the seedling stage
Total root Root Root dry
Year Variety Process Main root length length volume weight (cm) (cm) (cmd) (9)
Farmers' 2020 Wandou 37 regular 16.7 289.6 3.87 0.41 process
Healthy population is resistant 26.3 428.2 5.36 0.57 to adversity
Zhonghuan Farmers' 14.3 264.3 3.58 0.38 g 13 convention
Healthy population is resistant 22.7 387.8 5.14 0.49 to adversity
Farmers' 2021 Wandou 37 18.6 307.5 3.97 0.46 regular
Total root Root Root LWRQP5S46
Year Variety Process Main root length length volume weight process
Healthy population is resistant 27.9 458.4 5.42 0.6 to adversity
Farmers'
Zhonghuan regular 16.2 289.6 3.85 0.41 g 13 process
Healthy population is resistant 24.5 406.7 5.33 0.55 to adversity
The effects of different management methods on soybean root growth at the seedling stage are shown in Table 1. Jianqun's stress-resistant cultivation method promotes root penetration, improves soybean root growth, is conducive to the absorption and utilization of nutrients and water, and promotes plant growth.
Table 2 Effects of different management methods on leaf area index (LAI) and light/505546 interception rate of soybean population
Interception rate of
LAI group light energy (%)
Year Variety Process —-—————— 14-J 2-Au 25- 13-Sp 14- 2-A 25- 13-Se ul g Aug e Jul ug Aug p
Farmers'
Wando 31. 90. 96. 2020 regular 031 402 48 15 60.9 u 37 6 3 6 process
Healthy population 5.7 39. 97. 97. is resistant 0.46 5.45 2.26 73.9 6 2 6 9 to adversity
Zhong Farmers 5.1 38. 94. 96. huang regular 0.36 4.52 1.96 58.6 6 9 4 5 13 process
Healthy population 46. 97. 97. is resistant 0.71 5.68 56 2.36 70.8 3 1 3 to adversity
Farmers'
Wando 5.5 41. 96. 97. 2021 regular 052 54 2.2 71.6 u 37 7 4 6 7 process
Healthy population 6.0 39. 94. 97. is resistant 0.58 5.98 2.61 81.9 7 4 2 9 to adversity
Interception rate of-U505546
LAI group light energy (%)
Year Variety Process —-—————— 14-J 2-Au 25- 13-Sp 14- 2-A 25- 13-Se ul g Aug e Jul ug Aug p
Zhong Farmers 5.4 40. 93. 97. huang regular 0.44 492 1.98 69.2 8 2 4 2 13 process
Healthy population 5.6 42. 92. 97. is resistant 0.54 5.44 2.44 76.3 8 6 5 5 to adversity
The effects of different management methods on the soybean Leaf Area Index (LAI) and canopy light interception rate are shown in Table 2. With the advancement of the growth period, LAI and light interception rate showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Soybean LAI and light interception rate were lower with the conventional farming method, and the plants tended to senescence early in the later stages. In contrast, the robust root system and resistance to adversity cultivation method increased the LAI and light interception rate of the crop, delaying early senescence in the later stages, thereby laying the foundation for biomass production.
Table 3 Effects of Different Management Methods on Soybean Yield and Yield/505546
Components
Number of 100-grain Yield Bioma
Year Variety Process grains weight ss (no. m) (9) (kg (kg hm-2) hm)
Wandou Farmers' regular 1235 18.4 6937 2020 2272 37 process
Healthy population is 1508 19.5 8089 2941 resistant to adversity
Zhongh Farmers' regular 1009 23.8 2401 7008 uang 13 process
Healthy population is 1142 24.9 2844 7687 resistant to adversity
Wandou Farmers' regular 1314 19.2 7011 2021 2523 37 process
Healthy population is 1458 20.8 7736 3033 resistant to adversity
Zhongh Farmers' regular 986 24.1 6859 2376 uang 13 process
Healthy population is 1178 25.4 2992 7665 resistant to adversity
The robust root system and resistance to adversity cultivation method significantly increased soybean yield and biomass (Table 3). Soybean yield was significantly increased by 18.41-29.41%. The increase in the number of grains by 10.96-22.11% was the main reason for the yield increase, while the 100-grain weight increased by 4.62-8.33%.
The aforementioned embodiments express only a few embodiments of the preseht/505546 invention, which are described in a more specific and detailed manner.
However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the conceptual scope of the present invention.
All such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention.
Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A soybean cultivation method for promoting robust root systems and resistance to adversity, characterized by the following steps: (1) fallow plowing in the previous season: when planting wheat as the preceding crop, use a disc plow for fallow plowing with a depth of 20-25 cm; (2) variety selection: select soybean varieties suitable for local light and temperature conditions; (3) seed treatment: treat the seeds with a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, metalaxyl-manganese zinc, 50% thiodiazole wettable powder, and 40% methidathion, one or more of which are used; (4) land preparation and sowing: use a rotary tiller and a precision seeder for soybean sowing with row spacing of 35-40 cm and sowing depth of 3-5 cm; replant in a timely manner according to the emergence situation; (5) field management. water and fertilizer management, and prevention and control of diseases, pests, and weeds; (6) combined application of foliar fertilization with chemical control spraying: spray foliar fertilizers and chemical regulators during the flowering and podding stage; (7) harvesting: timely harvest after soybeans are fully matured.
2. The soybean cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the soybean varieties are high-yielding and stress-resistant soybean varieties, including but not limited to Wandou 37, Wandou 33, Zhonghuang 13, Zhonghuang 37, Xudou 9, and Fudou 9.
3. The soybean cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that for soybean varieties with strong branching, the planting density is 15,000-18,000 plants per ha'*15, and for soybean varieties with weak branching, the planting density is 18,000-20,000 plants per ha**15.
4. The soybean cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the water and fertilizer management in step (5) is as follows: water management: drain excess water in case of heavy rainfall and irrigate in case of high-temperature drought;
fertilizer management: before rotary tillage, apply 5 kg*15 of urea, 50 kg*15 of calciuk/505546 superphosphate, and 15 kg*15 of potassium chloride per ha, or apply 20 kg*15 of compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) per ha“, or apply 2000-3000 kg*15 of organic fertilizer per ha‘; during the seedling stage to early flowering stage, if the seedlings are yellow or weak, apply 5-8 kg*15 of urea per ha” during rainy periods; during the flowering and podding stage, spray 100 g*15 of borax and 30-40 kg*15 of molybdenum fertilizer diluted in water per ha” to promote flower and pod retention; spray foliar fertilizer appropriately during the pod-filling stage.
5. The soybean cultivation method according to claim 4, characterized in that the foliar fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate or Yemianbao, and America Star.
6. The soybean cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the disease, pest, and weed control in step (5) are as follows: disease and pest control: during the seedling stage, spray 6-8 g*15 of 50% imidacloprid wettable powder or 10-20 g*15 of 10% pirimicarb wettable powder diluted in 30-50 kg*15 of water per ha‘; during the flowering and podding stage, spray 20-40 mL*15 of 5% chlorpyrifos, 2000-3000 times of 1% avermectin emulsion, or 320 times of 25% cyhalothrin emulsion at intervals of 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive times per ha; during the pod-filling stage, spray 20-40 mL*15 of 20% cyhalothrin emulsion per ha’; weed control: before emergence after sowing, timely perform closed weeding using 50-75 mL*15 of 50% butachlor per ha”; after emergence and before closing rows, if there are many weeds, use 20-30 mL of
10.8% clethodim per mu or 25-30 mL of 10% quizalofop-p-ethyl plus 50-70 mL*15 of 25% fluorosulfonamide ether per ha; after closing rows, manually remove weeds.
7. The soybean cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that for plots with densely planted varieties, large populations, and vigorous flowering and podding, it is advisable to control stem and leaf growth during the flowering stage by spraying paclobutrazol at a concentration of 20 mL*15 per ha” diluted in 20 kg*15 of water or by spraying 50 g*15 of 15% prohexadione-calcium per ha for control; during the flowering and podding stage, spray 6-Benzylaminopurine at a concentration of 3¢/505546 ppm*15 per ha”.
8. The soybean cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that the foliar fertilizer in step (6) is America Star foliar fertilizer, and the chemical regulator is 6-Benzylaminopurine.
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