CN101061781A - Chinese truffle and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding cultivating method - Google Patents
Chinese truffle and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101061781A CN101061781A CNA2007100489431A CN200710048943A CN101061781A CN 101061781 A CN101061781 A CN 101061781A CN A2007100489431 A CNA2007100489431 A CN A2007100489431A CN 200710048943 A CN200710048943 A CN 200710048943A CN 101061781 A CN101061781 A CN 101061781A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mycorrhizomata fostering method of Chinese and Indian mushroom, which comprises the following steps: collecting mushroom bacteria; gathering host plant seed such as Yunnan pine, mountain Hua pine and chestnut; disposing the host plant seed; breeding the host plant; inoculating the bacteria; cultivating the bacteria; detecting. The invention reduces the infectious rate of bacteria, which satisfies the living need with wide market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial culturing method of edible fungi offspring, especially relate to the breeding method of Chinese ferfas and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding.
Background technology
Ferfas (T.ruffles) is ascomycetes Tuberale (Tuberales) Tuberaceae (Tuberaceae) Tuber (Tuber), is that a class and vascular plant form symbiotic relation, has the underground famous and precious edible fungus of very high economy and nutritive value.China ferfas and India truffle are China's special product, mainly be distributed in each province, China southwest, produce and be annual year February in October-the 2nd season, real in the spore body, white is to canescence during the children, and maturation is black, has milky vein clearly, that eats is delicious, contains rich in protein and multivitamin, especially vitamin A, Cobastab
2Content is high.Because the growth of Chinese ferfas and India truffle must be sought commensalism with the suitable hosts root system of plant, otherwise can't form ascocarp, this just means that the artificial cultivation ferfas be unable to do without the live body host plant, thereby the ferfas artificial cultivation is relatively more difficult, with high content of technology, realize that the artificial cultivation of ferfas must at first break through the cultivation technology of mycorhiza seedling.At present external mainly comparatively ripe aspect the mycorrhiza fungi seeding cultivating of black truffle and summer truffle and artificial cultivation technique, though domestic Chinese ferfas and India truffle to China's special product is more in the research aspect the physiological ecological, do not see relevant report so far to the synthetic cultivation technology of truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the artificial culturing method of a kind of Chinese ferfas and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding,, have vast market prospect to satisfy the demand of the growing high-quality material life of the mankind.
The present invention realizes the object of the invention by implementing following technical scheme.
The breeding method of China ferfas and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The collection of A, ferfas bacterial classification
Season of ferfas maturation collect ripe, stature is big, external form good, not damaged, Chinese ferfas and India truffle fruit body that fragrance is denseer relatively, clean surperficial earth gently with toothbrush earlier, in 75% alcohol, soak 3min again to its surface sterilizing, mixing with 2 hours river sand of sterilization under the 121-126 ℃ of HTHP after the calcination fast on the alcolhol burner flame more simultaneously, and stored refrigerated is standby under 3-5 ℃ temperature.
B, the collection that supplies examination host plant seed
Collect pinus yunnanensis, Huashan pine and the Chinese chestnut plant seed of high-quality, pinus yunnanensis and Huashan pine are dried after removing ghost with wet concentration, are contained in that normal temperature is in store in the glass jar; Chinese chestnut seed wet concentration remove to go rotten and not full seed, dries surface moisture, is the clean river sand seed by volume of 25-35% with humidity: the ratio of river sand=1: 2 is mixed, in the carton of packing into and place 5 ℃ refrigerator preservation standby.
The processing of C, host plant seed
The seed that step B is collected with 0.1% potassium permanganate liquid immersion treatment 30min after, remove the liquor potassic permanganate of remained on surface with the running water flushing, and then, change clear water in the meantime every day one time with clear water immersion 1-4 days.
The cultivation of D, host plant
To broadcast in the mixed-matrix through the plant seed after step C handles, be positioned over after with clear water matrix being irrigated in 25 ℃ the thermostatic chamber and carry out vernalization, treat to move into behind the seed sprouting more than 80% temperature again and be in 10-35 ℃ the booth and carry out plant cultivating, the humidity with matrix remains on 50-80% simultaneously.
Described plant seed broadcast into mixed-matrix be the mixture of vermiculite and pearl, its volume ratio is a vermiculite: perlite=1: 1.
Described pinus yunnanensis or Huashan pine seed 2-3 after cultivating germination can inoculate in individual month.
Described Chinese chestnut seed can be inoculated after cultivate germinateing in 2 months.
The inoculation of E, ferfas
Select the stainless steel workbench of a cleaning, after the alcohol with 75% is wiped clean desktop, again with disinfection inoculation matrix on the table or with in 5% 3 hours the plastic crate of cresols soap lye immersion; The selection growing way is good, and the host plant of well developed root system cuts off main root with scissors, is placed on the containers for future use that sterilization treatment is crossed; The seedling-raising cup of a black of selection, the sterilization soil of packing in cup and accounting for cup volumes 1/3 is earlier put into plant cup central authorities again, with little spoon the ferfas microbial inoculum for preparing is sprinkling upon on the root, adds disinfection inoculation matrix at last extremely apart from 0.5cm place, seedling-raising cup edge.
The preparation method of described disinfection inoculation matrix is: after humus soil, vermiculite, river sand are mixed by 1: 1: 2 ratio row, 121-126 ℃ down sterilization got final product in 2 hours.
The compound method of described ferfas microbial inoculum is: take by weighing a certain amount of ferfas earlier, it is ground into the powder of particle diameter less than 1mm, the screen cloth of the above-mentioned disinfection inoculation matrix that makes with 1mm being sieved, is that 1: 9 ratio mixes in the mass ratio of ferfas and matrix then again.
Described ferfas microbial inoculum is generally answered matching while using, if the ferfas microbial inoculum for preparing does not use up, can temporarily deposit in 3-5 ℃ the refrigerator standby.
The size of described seedling-raising cup is 10*15cm.
The inoculum concentration of described ferfas microbial inoculum is the 0.5-2g/ strain.
The cultivation of F, inoculation mycorhiza seedling
To be positioned over temperature through the plant that step e had been inoculated ferfas and be in 10-35 ℃ the clean booth, and water one time running water every 2-4 days, and make the humidity of seedling medium remain on 50-80%, after 6 months cultivation, can form truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding.
The testing result of described truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is as follows:
The mode that adopts orthogonal sampling to detect, each seeds duplicate detection three times, the synthetic situation and the growing state of statistics truffle mycorrhiza fungi, the ferfas testing result shows: the mycorhiza infection rate of inoculation ferfas is minimum to be 95%, reach as high as 100%, can obviously promote the growth of plant behind the synthetic mycorhiza of inoculation ferfas.The mycorhiza form of inoculation ferfas mostly is bar-shaped, two forked, how forked and coralliforms, and at the mycorhiza initial stage, the end is white in color or light color, and color deepens gradually and is light salmon or light brown afterwards; Can clearly see that at microscopically there is translucent lenticular structure on the surface, crystalline lens not bifurcated is long disorderly on the mycorhiza surface; The mycorhiza top layer forms the sheath cell tissue of breathing out the Di Shi stratum reticulare.
Breeding method of the present invention is clear, simple, and cost is low, the mycorhiza infection rate height of inoculation ferfas, thereby wild Chinese ferfas and India truffle have been removed because of excavating the endangered future trouble of possibility in a large number, also satisfy human growing high-quality material life demand simultaneously, had vast market prospect.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The breeding method of a kind of Chinese ferfas is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The collection of A, ferfas bacterial classification
Season of ferfas maturation collect ripe, stature is big, external form good, not damaged, Chinese ferfas and India truffle fruit body that fragrance is denseer relatively, clean surperficial earth gently with toothbrush earlier, in 75% alcohol, soak 3min again to its surface sterilizing, after calcination on the alcolhol burner flame, mix again simultaneously, and stored refrigerated is standby under 3-5 ℃ temperature with 121 ℃ of river sands of sterilizing 2 hours down.
B, the collection that supplies examination host plant seed
Dry after the pinus yunnanensis seed of collecting high-quality is removed ghost with wet concentration, be contained in that normal temperature is in store in the glass jar.
The processing of C, host plant seed
The seed that step B is collected with 0.1% potassium permanganate liquid immersion treatment 30min after, remove the liquor potassic permanganate of remained on surface with the running water flushing, and then, change clear water every day one time with clear water immersion 3 days.
The cultivation of D, host plant
To broadcast in vermiculite and pearl (volume ratio 1: the 1) mixed-matrix through the plant seed after step C handles, be positioned over after with clear water matrix being irrigated in 25 ℃ the thermostatic chamber and carry out vernalization, treat to move into behind the seed sprouting more than 80% temperature again and be in 10-35 ℃ the booth and carry out plant cultivating, the humidity with matrix remains on 50-80% simultaneously.
The inoculation of E, ferfas
After alcohol with 75% is wiped clean the stainless steel desktop, more on the table with disinfection inoculation matrix; The selection growing way is good, and the pinus yunnanensis plant that well developed root system has germinateed 3 months cuts off main root with scissors, is placed on the containers for future use that sterilization treatment is crossed; Select the seedling-raising cup (10*15cm) of a black, the sterilization soil of in cup, packing into and accounting for cup volumes 1/3 earlier, again plant is put into cup central authorities, the ferfas microbial inoculum that the prepares inoculum concentration by the 0.5g/ strain is sprinkling upon on the root, add disinfection inoculation matrix at last extremely apart from 0.5cm place, seedling-raising cup edge with little spoon.
The preparation method of described disinfection inoculation matrix is: after humus soil, vermiculite, river sand are mixed by 1: 1: 2 ratio row, 121 ℃ down sterilization got final product in 2 hours.
The compound method of described ferfas microbial inoculum is: take by weighing a certain amount of Chinese ferfas earlier, it is ground into the powder of particle diameter less than 1mm, the screen cloth of the above-mentioned disinfection inoculation matrix that makes with 1mm sieved again, mix at 1: 9 with the mass ratio of matrix by ferfas then.
The cultivation of F, inoculation mycorhiza seedling
To be positioned over temperature through the plant that step e had been inoculated ferfas and be in 35 ℃ the clean booth, and water one time running water every 2-4 days, and make the humidity of seedling medium remain on 50-80%, after 6 months cultivation, can form truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding.
The testing result of described Chinese truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is as follows:
The mode that adopts orthogonal sampling to detect, each seeds duplicate detection three times, the synthetic situation and the growing state of statistics truffle mycorrhiza fungi, the ferfas testing result shows: the mycorhiza infection rate of inoculation ferfas is minimum to be 95%, reach as high as 100%, can obviously promote the growth of plant behind the synthetic mycorhiza of inoculation ferfas.The mycorhiza form of inoculation ferfas mostly is bar-shaped, two forked, how forked and coralliforms, and at the mycorhiza initial stage, the end is white in color or light color, and color deepens gradually and is light salmon or light brown afterwards; Can clearly see that at microscopically there is translucent lenticular structure on the surface, crystalline lens not bifurcated is long disorderly on the mycorhiza surface; The mycorhiza top layer forms the sheath cell tissue of breathing out the Di Shi stratum reticulare.
Embodiment 2
A kind of breeding method of India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The collection of A, ferfas bacterial classification (with embodiment 1)
B, the collection that supplies examination host plant seed
After the Huashan pine seed of collecting high-quality is removed ghost with wet concentration, dry and be contained in that normal temperature is in store in the glass jar.
The processing of C, host plant seed (with embodiment 1)
The cultivation of D, host plant
To broadcast in the mixed-matrix of vermiculite and pearl (volume ratio 1: 1) through the Huashan pine plant seed after step C handles, be positioned over after with clear water matrix being irrigated in 25 ℃ the thermostatic chamber and carry out vernalization, treat to move into behind the seed sprouting more than 80% temperature again and be in 10-35 ℃ the booth and carry out plant cultivating, the humidity with matrix remains on 50-60% simultaneously
The inoculation of E, ferfas
After alcohol with 75% is wiped clean the stainless steel desktop, again disinfection inoculation matrix is poured on in 5% 3 hours the plastic crate of cresols soap lye immersion; The selection growing way is good, and the Huashan pine plant that well developed root system has germinateed 2 months cuts off main root with scissors, is placed on the containers for future use that sterilization treatment is crossed; Select the seedling-raising cup (10*15cm) of a black, the sterilization soil of in cup, packing into and accounting for cup volumes 1/3 earlier, again plant is put into cup central authorities, the ferfas microbial inoculum that the prepares inoculum concentration by the 1g/ strain is sprinkling upon on the root, add disinfection inoculation matrix at last extremely apart from 0.5cm place, seedling-raising cup edge with little spoon.
The preparation method of described disinfection inoculation matrix is: after humus soil, vermiculite, river sand are mixed by 1: 1: 2 ratio row, 125 ℃ down sterilization got final product in 2 hours.
The compound method of described ferfas microbial inoculum is: take by weighing a certain amount of India truffle earlier, it is ground into the powder of particle diameter less than 1mm, the screen cloth of the above-mentioned disinfection inoculation matrix that makes with 1mm sieved again, mix at 1: 9 with the mass ratio of matrix by ferfas then.
The cultivation of F, inoculation mycorhiza seedling
To be positioned over temperature through the plant that step e had been inoculated ferfas and be in 10-35 ℃ the clean booth, and water one time running water every 2-4 days, and make the humidity of seedling medium remain on 50-60%, after 6 months cultivation, can form truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding.
The testing result of described India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of breeding method of Chinese truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The collection of A, ferfas bacterial classification (with embodiment 1)
B, the collection that supplies examination host plant seed
Collect the Chinese chestnut plant seed of high-quality, wet concentration is removed and gone rotten and not full seed, dries surface moisture, is 30% clean river sand seed by volume with humidity: the ratio of river sand=1: 2 is mixed, in the carton of packing into and place 5 ℃ refrigerator preservation standby.
The processing of C, host plant seed (with embodiment 1)
The cultivation of D, host plant
To broadcast in the mixed-matrix of vermiculite and pearl (volume ratio 1: 1) through the Chinese chestnut plant seed after step C handles, be positioned over after with clear water matrix being irrigated in 25 ℃ the thermostatic chamber and carry out vernalization, treat to move into behind the seed sprouting more than 80% temperature again and be in 10-35 ℃ the booth and carry out plant cultivating, the humidity with matrix remains on 60-80% simultaneously.
The inoculation of E, ferfas
After alcohol with 75% is wiped clean the stainless steel desktop, more on the table with disinfection inoculation matrix; The selection growing way is good, and the Chinese chestnut plant that well developed root system has germinateed 2 months cuts off main root with scissors, is placed on the containers for future use that sterilization treatment is crossed; Select the seedling-raising cup (10*15cm) of a black, the sterilization soil of in cup, packing into and accounting for cup volumes 1/3 earlier, again plant is put into cup central authorities, the ferfas microbial inoculum that the prepares inoculum concentration by the 2g/ strain is sprinkling upon on the root, add disinfection inoculation matrix at last extremely apart from 0.5cm place, seedling-raising cup edge with little spoon.
The preparation method of described disinfection inoculation matrix is: after humus soil, vermiculite, river sand are mixed by 1: 1: 2 ratio row, 126 ℃ down sterilization got final product in 2 hours.
The compound method of described ferfas microbial inoculum is: take by weighing a certain amount of ferfas earlier, it is ground into the powder of particle diameter less than 1mm, the screen cloth of the above-mentioned disinfection inoculation matrix that makes with 1mm sieved again, mix at 1: 9 with the mass ratio of matrix by ferfas then.
The cultivation (with embodiment 1) of F, inoculation mycorhiza seedling
The testing result of described Chinese truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is with embodiment 1.
Claims (8)
1, the breeding method of Chinese ferfas and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The collection of A, ferfas bacterial classification
Season of ferfas maturation collect ripe, stature is big, external form good, not damaged, Chinese ferfas and India truffle fruit body that fragrance is denseer relatively, clean surperficial earth gently with toothbrush earlier, in 75% alcohol, soak 3min again to its surface sterilizing, mixing with 121-126 ℃ of river sand of sterilizing 2 hours down after the calcination fast on the alcolhol burner flame more simultaneously, and stored refrigerated is standby under 3-5 ℃ temperature;
B, the collection that supplies examination host plant seed
Collect pinus yunnanensis, Huashan pine and the Chinese chestnut plant seed of high-quality, pinus yunnanensis and Huashan pine are dried after removing ghost with wet concentration, are contained in that normal temperature is in store in the glass jar; Chinese chestnut seed wet concentration remove to go rotten and not full seed, dries surface moisture, is the clean river sand seed by volume of 25-35% with humidity: the ratio of river sand=1: 2 is mixed, in the carton of packing into and place 5 ℃ refrigerator preservation standby.
The processing of C, host plant seed
The seed wet concentration that step B is collected goes out ghost, behind 0.1% potassium permanganate liquid immersion treatment 30min, removes the liquor potassic permanganate of remained on surface with the running water flushing, and then with clear water immersion 1-4 days, changes clear water in the meantime every day one time;
The cultivation of D, host plant
To broadcast in the mixed-matrix through the plant seed after step C handles, be positioned over after with clear water matrix being irrigated in 25 ℃ the thermostatic chamber and carry out vernalization, treat to move into behind the seed sprouting more than 80% temperature again and be in 10-35 ℃ the booth and carry out plant cultivating, the humidity with matrix remains on 50-80% simultaneously.
The inoculation of E, ferfas
Select the workbench of a cleaning, after the alcohol with 75% is wiped clean desktop, again with disinfection inoculation matrix on the table or with in 5% 3 hours the plastic crate of cresols soap lye immersion; The selection growing way is good, and the host plant of well developed root system cuts off main root with scissors, is placed on the containers for future use that sterilization treatment is crossed; The seedling-raising cup of a black of selection, the sterilization soil of packing in cup and accounting for cup volumes 1/3 is earlier put into plant cup central authorities again, with little spoon the ferfas microbial inoculum for preparing is sprinkling upon on the root, adds disinfection inoculation matrix at last extremely apart from 0.5cm place, seedling-raising cup edge;
The cultivation of F, inoculation mycorhiza seedling
To be positioned over temperature through the plant that step e had been inoculated ferfas and be in 10-35 ℃ the clean booth, and water one time running water every 2-4 days, and make the humidity of seedling medium remain on 50-80%, after 6 months cultivation, promptly grow truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding.
2, the breeding method of Chinese ferfas according to claim 1 and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding, it is characterized in that plant seed described in the step D broadcast into mixed-matrix be the mixture of vermiculite and pearl, its volume ratio is a vermiculite: perlite=1: 1.
3, the breeding method of Chinese ferfas according to claim 1 and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is characterized in that described pinus yunnanensis or Huashan pine seed 2-3 after cultivating germination inoculated in individual month.
4, the breeding method of Chinese ferfas according to claim 1 and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is characterized in that described Chinese chestnut seed inoculated in 2 months after cultivate germinateing.
5, the breeding method of Chinese ferfas according to claim 1 and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding, the preparation method who it is characterized in that the matrix of disinfection inoculation described in the step e is: after humus soil, vermiculite, river sand are mixed in 1: 1: 2 ratio, 121-126 ℃ of sterilization 2 hours down.
6, the breeding method of Chinese according to claim 1 or 5 ferfas and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding, the compound method that it is characterized in that the microbial inoculum of ferfas described in the step e is: take by weighing a certain amount of ferfas earlier, it is ground into the powder of particle diameter less than 1mm, the screen cloth of disinfection inoculation matrix with 1mm being sieved, is that 1: 9 ratio mixes in the mass ratio of ferfas and matrix then again.
7, the breeding method of Chinese ferfas according to claim 1 and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding, the inoculum concentration that it is characterized in that the microbial inoculum of ferfas described in the step e is the 0.5-2g/ strain.
8, the breeding method of Chinese ferfas according to claim 1 and India truffle mycorrhiza fungi seeding is characterized in that the form of the mycorhiza that plant is grown is bar-shaped, two forked, how forked and coralliforms behind the inoculation ferfas.
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CN102273503A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-12-14 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Fresh-keeping method of tuber indicum |
CN103026884A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-10 | 云南松露科技有限公司 | Artificial planting method for producing truffles at high yield |
CN103070014A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-01 | 攀枝花市林业科学技术推广站(攀枝花市林业工作总站) | Method for breeding summer truffle root seedling through inoculation of suspension liquid |
CN103070013A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-01 | 攀枝花市林业科学技术推广站(攀枝花市林业工作总站) | Method for manually inoculating and culturing root seedling of summer truffle |
CN103181298A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-07-03 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for synthesizing suillus granulatus mycorrhiza |
CN103548575A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-05 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Tuber Magnatum mycorrhiza synthetic method |
CN103749154A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-04-30 | 攀枝花市丰盛源农林开发有限公司 | Culture medium for promoting cross infection among truffle mycorrhizas and using method thereof |
CN105349435A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-02-24 | 唐远芝 | Method for cultivating wild truffles |
CN105474992A (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-04-13 | 楚雄彝族自治州林业科学研究所 | Chinese chestnut summer truffle mycorrhizal seedling culture method based on symbiotic relation |
CN106941930A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-14 | 会东县地金原松露产业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of ferfas |
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