CN101036448B - Seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars - Google Patents
Seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars Download PDFInfo
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- CN101036448B CN101036448B CN2007100111324A CN200710011132A CN101036448B CN 101036448 B CN101036448 B CN 101036448B CN 2007100111324 A CN2007100111324 A CN 2007100111324A CN 200710011132 A CN200710011132 A CN 200710011132A CN 101036448 B CN101036448 B CN 101036448B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seawater domestication method for Daphniopsis tibetana Sars, which comprise the following steps: disinfecting the culture container, culture container being opaque in periphery; concocting culture liquor, taking disinfected and filtered seawater to adjust pH value to 7-8, temperature 10-15 degree, salinity 10-15, selecting Daphniopsis tibetana Sars and placing it in container, culturing it with above-mentioned liquor, illumination intensity 1000-2000Lx, photoperiod 14D:10L, feeding with Chaetoceros sp. feedstuff, feeding volume 30x105cell/ml, selecting healty, activefemale Daphniopsis tibetana Sars which has produced baby Daphniopsis tibetana Sars and is 2-3 mm in body length, feeding it with algae liquid selecting one or two kinds from Chaetoceros sp., Dunaliella salina, Isochrysis galbana, chlorella, feeding density 30x105cell/ml, inoculating Daphniopsis tibetana Sars density 100ind/l, observing Daphniopsis tibetana Sars growth state and water body to partly for wholly substitute for Artemia and promote fish fry survival rate, reduce the seedling-breeding cost.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars.
Background technology:
Daphniopsis tebitana sars (Daphniapsis tibetana Sars, 1903) be subordinate to Magna section (Daphniidae) and intend Magna genus Daphniapsis, mainly be distributed in ground such as China Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang, be distributed in the former Soviet Union, India, Pamir (syn.Daphniapamiresis Rylov), Iran's (syn.Daphnia fusca Gurney) and antarctic zone (syn.Daphnia studerri R ü he) abroad, it is a kind of cold water salt solution cladocera, the natural temperature of its distribution is-2～18 ℃, salinity 9～35, pH9～10.4.Because daphniopsis tebitana sars happiness low temperature and anti-than high salinity, be fit to high height above sea level, high and cold, oligotrophic water's body life, can become new living bait in northern marine fish, shrimp and the crab cultivation, especially current seafood fish is grown seedlings and is produced relaying and need a large amount of artemia naupliis with wheel animalcule afterwards as open-mouthed bait, the artemia cysts resource-constrained, and (50～600,000 yuan per ton) cost an arm and a leg, therefore partly or entirely substitute the halogen worm with daphniopsis tebitana sars, just can improve survival rate of seedling, reduce the marine fish seedling cost, have very big society and economic implications.But up to now, also with seawater (salinity 30～35) daphniopsis tebitana sars is not carried out a large amount of artificial culture, utilization at northern marine fish mating season (4～June).
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is in order to solve existing in prior technology the problems referred to above, provide a kind of can be at northern marine fish mating season (4～June), with the artificial a large amount of daphniopsis tebitana sars of cultivating of seawater, partly or entirely to substitute the halogen worm, improve the seawater domestication and culture method of the daphniopsis tebitana sars of survival rate of fish fry, reduction albacore seedling cost.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars is characterized in that having the following steps:
A. to the culture vessel sterilization, be opaque shape around the culture vessel;
B. water is cultivated in allotment: cancel malicious filtering sea, adjusting seawater pH is 7～8, and 10～15 ℃ of temperature, salinity are 10～15;
C. choose kind of a Magna: the daphniopsis tebitana sars of gathering is placed the described culture vessel of a step, cultivate with the described cultivation water of b step, intensity of illumination is 1000～2000Lx, and periodicity of illumination is 14D:10L, and with bait feedings such as Chaetoceros muelleris, feeding volume is 30 * 10
5Cell/ml, choosing had been produced after 1～2 nest children Magna, body length is kind of a Magna at 2～3mm, the active healthy female Magna that moves about;
D. cultivate:
With the described culture vessel of a step, inject the algae liquid of culture vessel volume 1/5～1/4, described algae liquid is to add in Chaetoceros muelleri, Dunaliella salina, ball Isochrysis galbana, the chlorella one or both to form in the described cultivation water of b step, density is 3 * 10
5Cell/ml, the density of inoculation daphniopsis tebitana sars is 100ind/l;
Intensity of illumination is 1000～2000Lx, and periodicity of illumination is 14D:10L, throws something and feeds with one or both replacements of trying to gain in Le Shi Chaetoceros, Dunaliella salina, ball Isochrysis galbana, the chlorella, and feeding volume is 3 * 10
5Cell/ml throws something and feeds twice every day;
Primary stage of inoculation was changed water once every 3～4 days, after density reaches 500ind/l, changed water once in 1～2 day, and each quantity of exchanged water is 2/3 of the former water yield;
The kind Magna of inoculation removes kind of a Magna after producing 1～2 nest children Magna, treats that newborn young Magna becomes after age 15～18 days, removes new breeder mother Magna, and the culture density that guarantees newborn young Magna is at 450～550ind/l, and becoming the culture density of Magna in age is 100～200ind/l;
E. gather: reach 2000～2500/liter when cultivating Magna density, gather.
Culture vessel is glass jar or plastics tank in the described a step, is 10%HCl solution soaking at least 6 hours with concentration, rinses well with fresh water then, blocks with opaque cloth or paper around glass jar or the plastics tank.
The salinity of described b step is that coastal seawater is allocated gained through sand filter, precipitation and 20 μ m silk cover filterings and the running water behind aeration, allotment back inflation 3～5h.
Described b step is to use NaHCO
3With HCl be that the pH of the dilution seawater of 10-15 is transferred to 7～8 with salinity, basicity is adjusted to 7～12mmol/l.
Described b step is the NaHCO that every premium on currency is added 0.6～1.0g
3, again with HCl with pH regulator to 7～8.
Be preferably in the mineral salt that add following kind and weight in per 100 liters of dilution seawater: CuSO
40.05mg, ZnSO
40.15mg, LiCl 0.03～0.06g, H
3BO
30.515g, CaCl
20.02～0.028g, KCl0.688g, MgSO
42.13～2.38g, NaC16～8g, SrCl
20.18mg, KI1.96mg, Na
2SO
41.48～4.43g.
Contain Dunaliella salina 3.0 * 10 in the described algae liquid
5Cell/ml; Perhaps contain Chaetoceros muelleri 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana or chlorella 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml; Perhaps contain Chaetoceros muelleri 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml or contain Dunaliella salina 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana or chlorella 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml.
Described bait and consumption are as follows: Dunaliella salina 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml; Perhaps Chaetoceros muelleri 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana or chlorella 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml; Perhaps Chaetoceros muelleri 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml; Perhaps Dunaliella salina 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana or chlorella 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml.
Changed the described culture vessel of a step once in every month in the described d step.
Described cultivation coolant-temperature gage is a benchmark with 13 ℃, rises every day or falls 2 ℃ of transformation temperatures.
The present invention is with dilution seawater (salinity 10～15) domestication and cultivates daphniopsis tebitana sars, it is adapted to and the normal growth breeding, can be at northern marine fish mating season (4～June) with diluting a large amount of artificial culture of seawater, its density can reach 2000～2500/liter, partly or entirely to substitute the halogen worm, improve survival rate of fish fry, reduce the albacore seedling cost.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
A. to the sterilization that carries out disinfection with the conventional method culture vessel, be opaque shape around the culture vessel;
B. water is cultivated in allotment: cancel malicious filtering sea, and to adjust seawater pH with soda acid be 7～8, making temperature with electrical heating or illumination is 10～15 ℃, and adjusting salinity with fresh water is 10～15;
C. choose kind of a Magna: the daphniopsis tebitana sars of gathering is placed the described culture vessel of a step, cultivate with the described cultivation water of b step, intensity of illumination is 1000～2000Lx between culture period, and periodicity of illumination is 14D:10L, with with bait feedings such as Chaetoceros muelleris, feeding volume is 3 * 10
5Cell/ml treats to produce after 1～2 nest children Magna, selects body length to be kind of a Magna at 2～3mm, the active healthy female Magna that moves about;
D. cultivate:
With the described culture vessel of a step, inject the algae liquid of culture vessel volume 1/5～1/4, described algae liquid is to add in Chaetoceros muelleri, Dunaliella salina, ball Isochrysis galbana, the chlorella one or both to form in the described cultivation water of b step, density is 3 * 10
5Cell/ml, the density of inoculation daphniopsis tebitana sars is 100ind/l;
Intensity of illumination is 1000～2000Lx between culture period, and periodicity of illumination is 14D:10L, throws something and feeds with one or both replacements in Chaetoceros muelleri, Dunaliella salina, ball Isochrysis galbana, the chlorella, and feeding volume is 3 * 10
5Cell/ml throws something and feeds twice every day;
Primary stage of inoculation was changed water once every 3～4 days, after density reaches 500ind/l, changed water once in 1～2 day, and each quantity of exchanged water is 2/3 of the former water yield; Institute's water of using instead will be through aeration, and temperature is consistent with former cultivation water, will inhale the end simultaneously removing residual next, and in time removes the valve of the pitchy given birth to of casting off a skin and the dead volume of daphniopsis tebitana sars;
After the kind Magna of inoculation produces 1～2 nest children Magna, kind of Magna to be filtered out with bigger bolting silk, to prevent to produce too much male Magna, treat that newborn young Magna becomes after age 15～18 days, with remove new breeder mother Magna with quadrat method, the culture density that guarantees newborn young Magna is at 450～550ind/l, and the culture density that becomes Magna in age is at 100～200ind/l;
In the process of cultivating, should often observe change of water quality (as temperature, salinity, DO, pH value etc.) and the growth of daphniopsis tebitana sars and the situation of laying eggs, cultivate salinity and should remain on 10～15,10～15 ℃ of temperature, DO remains on more than the 2mg/l, also want simultaneously microscopy throw something and feed before and after the variation of bait concentration, judge whether to add and subtract the feeding volume of bait.Does the observation of daphniopsis tebitana sars growing state comprise whether polypide healthy? whether move about active? have enough (having or not ight soil)? does particularly daphniopsis tebitana sars have or not the phenomenon of dragging just? drag just when main and cause by bait phytoplankton transition aging (quality decline) or food species discomfort, should take throws something and feeds is in the bait of exponential phase of growth or changes food species and solve, also may be that female Magna is near dead in addition, in this case, will be with the timely sucking-off of female Magna.In the process of cultivating, check the ratio that male Magna occurs, if ratio is higher,, just should change water in advance, change and throw new bait or female Magna is shifted to an earlier date sucking-off as ratio＞5～7% through anatomical lens commonly used.
E. gather: reach 2000～2500/liter when cultivating Magna density, preferably 2320/liter, gather.
Embodiment 2:
Basic cultural method is with embodiment 1, the culture vessel of described a step is 20-251 glass jar or plastics tank, with concentration is 10%HCl solution soaking at least 6 hours, rinses well with fresh water then, blocks with opaque cloth or paper around glass jar or the plastics tank.
Embodiment 3:
Basic cultural method is with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and the salinity of described b step is that coastal seawater is allocated gained through sand filter, precipitation and 20 μ m silk cover filterings and the running water behind aeration, allotment back inflation 3～5h.PH can use NaHCO
3With HCl be that the pH of the dilution seawater of 10-15 is transferred to 7～8 with salinity, basicity is adjusted to 7～12mmol/l, preferably every premium on currency is added the NaHCO of 0.6～1.0g
3, again with HCl with pH regulator to 7～8.
Embodiment 4:
Basic cultural method can be preferably in the mineral salt that add following kind and weight in per 100 liters of dilution seawater: CuSO with common dilution seawater with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3
40.05mg, ZnSO
40.15mg, LiCl 0.03～0.06g, H
3BO
30.515g, CaCl
20.02～0.028g, KCl0.688g, MgSO
42.13～2.38g, NaCl6～8g, SrCl
20.18mg, KI1.96mg, Na
2SO
41.48～4.43g, improve cultivating the trace element and the number of ions of water, the growth of the daphniopsis tebitana sars of being more convenient for and breeding.
Embodiment 5:
Basic cultural method is with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 or embodiment 4.Be to contain Dunaliella salina 3.0 * 10 in the described algae liquid
5Cell/ml also can contain Chaetoceros muelleri 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana or chlorella vulgaris 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml; Or contain Chaetoceros muelleri 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml or contain Dunaliella salina 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana or chlorella vulgaris 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml.
Embodiment 6:
Basic cultural method is with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 or embodiment 4 or embodiment 5.The kind and the consumption of described bait are as follows: Dunaliella salina 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml; Perhaps Chaetoceros muelleri 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana or chlorella vulgaris 0.5 * 10
5The cell/ml mixed feeding; Perhaps Chaetoceros muelleri 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml; Perhaps Dunaliella salina 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana or chlorella vulgaris 0.5 * 10
5The cell/ml mixed feeding is preferably replaced every other day and is fed.
Embodiment 7:
Basic cultural method is preferably in the incubation with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 or embodiment 4 or embodiment 5 or embodiment 6, changes culture vessel once in every month, and culture vessel should be described by a step, through shading around the sterilization also.Cultivating with coolant-temperature gage is benchmark with 13 ℃, preferably rises 2 ℃ or fall 2 ℃ of transformation temperatures and cultivate every days.
Claims (10)
1. the seawater domestication and culture method of a daphniopsis tebitana sars is characterized in that following steps:
A. to the culture vessel sterilization, be opaque shape around the culture vessel;
B. water is cultivated in allotment: cancel malicious filtering sea, adjusting seawater pH is 7～8, and 10～15 ℃ of temperature, salinity are 10～15;
C. choose kind of a Magna: the daphniopsis tebitana sars of gathering is placed the described culture vessel of a step, cultivate with the described cultivation water of b step, intensity of illumination is 1000～2000Lx, and periodicity of illumination is 14D:10L, throws something and feeds with Chaetoceros muelleri, and feeding volume is 30 * 10
5Cell/ml, choosing had been produced after 1～2 nest children Magna, body length is kind of a Magna at 2～3mm, the active healthy female Magna that moves about;
D. cultivate:
With the described culture vessel of a step, inject the algae liquid of culture vessel volume 1/5～1/4, described algae liquid is to add in Chaetoceros muelleri, Dunaliella salina, ball Isochrysis galbana, the chlorella one or both to form in the described cultivation water of b step, density is 3 * 10
5Cell/ml, the density of inoculation kind of Magna is 100ind/l;
Intensity of illumination is 1000～2000Lx, and periodicity of illumination is 14D:10L, throws something and feeds with one or both replacements in Chaetoceros muelleri, Dunaliella salina, ball Isochrysis galbana, the chlorella, and feeding volume is 3 * 10
5Cell/ml throws something and feeds twice every day;
Primary stage of inoculation was changed water once every 3～4 days, after density reaches 500ind/l, changed water once in 1～2 day, and each quantity of exchanged water is 2/3 of the former water yield;
The kind Magna of inoculation removes kind of a Magna after producing 1～2 nest children Magna, treats that newborn young Magna becomes after age 15～18 days, removes new breeder mother Magna, and the culture density that guarantees newborn young Magna is at 450～550ind/l, and the culture density that becomes Magna in age is at 100～200ind/l;
E. gather: reach 2000～2500/liter when cultivating Magna density, gather.
2. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 1, it is characterized in that culture vessel is glass jar or plastics tank in the described a step, with concentration is 10%HCl solution soaking at least 6 hours, rinse well with fresh water then, block with opaque cloth or paper around glass jar or the plastics tank.
3. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 1 and 2, the salinity that it is characterized in that described b step are through sand filter, precipitation and 20 μ m silk cover filterings and running water allotment gained behind aeration, allotment back inflation 3～5h with coastal seawater.
4. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described b step is to use NaHCO
3With HCl be that the pH of the dilution seawater of 10-15 is transferred to 7～8 with salinity, basicity is adjusted to 7～12mmol/l.
5. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 4 is characterized in that described b step is the NaHCO that every premium on currency is added 0.6～1.0g
3, again with HCl with pH regulator to 7～8.
6. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 5 is characterized in that per 100 liters are diluted the mineral salt that add following kind and weight in the seawater: CuSO
40.05mg, ZnSO
40.15mg, LiCl 0.03～0.06g, H
3BO
30.515g, CaCl
20.02～0.028g, KCl 0.688g, MgSO
42.13～2.38g, NaCl 6～8g, SrCl
20.18mg, KI 1.96mg, Na
2SO
41.48～4.43g.
7. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that containing Dunaliella salina 3.0 * 10 in the described algae liquid
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps contain Chaetoceros muelleri 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps contain Chaetoceros muelleri 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and chlorella 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps contain Chaetoceros muelleri 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps contain Dunaliella salina 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps contain Dunaliella salina 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and chlorella 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml.
8. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that bait and consumption that the d step is thrown something and fed are as follows: Dunaliella salina 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps Chaetoceros muelleri 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps Chaetoceros muelleri 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and chlorella 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps Chaetoceros muelleri 3.0 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps Dunaliella salina 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and ball Isochrysis galbana 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml;
Perhaps Dunaliella salina 2.5 * 10
5Cell/ml and chlorella 0.5 * 10
5Cell/ml.
9. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: changed the described culture vessel of a step once in every month in the described d step.
10. the seawater domestication and culture method of daphniopsis tebitana sars according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described cultivation coolant-temperature gage is a benchmark with 13 ℃, rises every day or falls 2 ℃ of transformation temperatures.
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| CN102138542B (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-12-26 | 中山大学 | Method for reserving, conserving and culturing daphnia magna |
| CN104126550B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2016-06-29 | 广东汇美环保工程有限公司 | Tame large-scale method and method for repairing water ecology |
| CN104285890B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-08-24 | 蓝志娟 | A kind of water acclimation method and utilize the method that water carries out restoration of the ecosystem to water body |
| CN105309388B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2018-03-13 | 蓝志娟 | A kind of daphnia heatproof acclimation method and the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem to water body using daphnia |
| CN105707011B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2019-01-25 | 陕西省水产研究所 | A kind of cladocera intensive manufacture breeding method |
| CN107960350A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-27 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of store method of Copepods ovum |
| CN111436391B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-03-04 | 宁波大学 | Domestication method for enabling scylla paramamosain fries to adapt to saline-alkali soil water area culture |
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