CN101015265A - Cyclamen persicum cultivation medium prepared with corn cob - Google Patents
Cyclamen persicum cultivation medium prepared with corn cob Download PDFInfo
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- CN101015265A CN101015265A CNA2007100640366A CN200710064036A CN101015265A CN 101015265 A CN101015265 A CN 101015265A CN A2007100640366 A CNA2007100640366 A CN A2007100640366A CN 200710064036 A CN200710064036 A CN 200710064036A CN 101015265 A CN101015265 A CN 101015265A
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- corncob
- cyclamen
- peanut shell
- peat
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Abstract
The invention provides a culture medium for cyclamen. It is prepared with maize-ear refuse and peanut shell through fermentation with volumetric ratio being 5- 7: 3-5. The combined medium can improve physical chemical properties, reduce adverse effect of single medium, promote cyclamen growth, and reduce peat consumption and production cost. It makes use of maize-ear refuse, and possesses outstanding social benefit, economical benefit and environmental benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture organic matter application technology as the second resource, be specifically related to a kind of Culture Substrate of Cyclamen of utilizing the corncob preparation.
Background technology
Ivyleaf cyclamen (Cyclamen percicum Mill.) is the perennial flowering bulb of Primulaceae Cyclamen, and potted flower does annual cultivation in producing more.It is various in style, flower type uniqueness, pattern is gorgeous, the florescence is long, is loved by the people, and become unfailing year and sell potted flower, be one of main potted flower of winter-spring season.
Peat is the complicated hydrophilic system of the macromolecule with multicomponent, multistage branch, hemicolloid characteristic that the limnocryptophyte remains are transformed into.Its organic matter, humic acid content height, fiber content is abundant, and loose porous, ventilating permeable is good, and specific surface area is big, and the absorption sequestering power is strong, and stronger ion-exchange capacity and salt balance control ability and higher biologically active and physiological stimulation effect are arranged.Therefore peat becomes the optimal organic substrate of soilless culture, is widely used in facilities horticulture.
In the commercial soilless culture of ivyleaf cyclamen, be main component by adopting peat growing medium, while other matrix of proportioning such as perlite, vermiculite etc. are to improve the influence that single-matrix produces plant on physicochemical character.
But the formation of peat is extremely slow, needs through some geological epoches.Bog is again the special wetland type of a class simultaneously, has bred a large amount of biologies, and since the eighties of last century, because agricultural and industry, have caused the scarcity of peat resource to the wilderness demand of peat resource, has also destroyed a large amount of peat wetland environment simultaneously.
A large amount of exploitations of peat are used and are caused the ecosystem to destroy, and cause serious environmental and resource pressure.Select economical and practical organic matrix that substitutes to become the important topic that flower industry needs to be resolved hurrily to substitute peat.
Corn is the important crops of China, and very big output is all arranged every year, usually corncob is arbitrarily stacked in the rural area and is rotted to handle, and is not effectively utilized.Through some tests, it is found that a large amount of corncob resource in rural area has very big potentiality to be exploited, can substitute peat and carry out soilless culture of flowers afterwards.The corncob resource is used in exploitation, both can solve the deficiency of peat growing medium in the soilless culture process, alleviate the pressure that in the peat development use ecotope is caused, again can be by deep development to agriculture organic matter resource, improve the output value in unit are soil, increase farmers' income.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen composite cultivation substrate that utilizes the preparation of agricultural wastes corncob.
The present invention carries out the fermentation maturity processing respectively to corncob and peanut shell, and mixes the formation compound substrate formula in proportion.The present invention has carried out detailed physicochemical character analysis to it, and through a large amount of experiments in cultivation, extensive analysis ivyleaf cyclamen physiology and morphological index, the method for utilization fuzzy mathematics filters out suitable prescription from a large amount of mixed substrate prescriptions.
The suitable prescription that the present invention obtains be corncob after the fermentation and the peanut shell after the fermentation according to 5～7: 3～5 volume ratio is mixed and made into.The present invention is to add an amount of urea to increase the N source before fermentation to the method for corncob and the processing of peanut shell fermentation maturity, and add a small amount of land plaster to regulate acid-base value (about pH6.5), and moisture is controlled at about 60%-65%, it is rotten fully to stir bonnet plastic film heap.Temperature can reach 50-55 ℃ in the fermentation process mesostroma heap, noon in summer even up to 60 ℃.Fully the peanut shell after the fermentation is light lark, and the maize cob meal after the fermentation is lead, can carry out the physicochemical character adjustment after the formalin solution of sprinkling 15%-20% is sterilized, with standby.
Physicochemical character analysis result to corncob shows that the corncob unit weight after fermentation process is 0.16g/cm
3, proportion is 0.82g/cm, and the total pore space is 67.8%, and the water holding hole is 48.3%, and the ventilating slit is 19.5%, and saturation moisture content is 310.1%, and physical behavior is similar to peat.Mineral element content is respectively in the maize cob meal: N 0.54%, P 0.07%, K0.95%, Ca 0.33%, Mg 0.24%, Cu 1.12mg/kg, Zn 136.2mg/kg, Fe135.27mg/kg, Mn155.02mg/kg.As the mineral element that corncob contained of cultivation matrix, in use nutrient can slowly discharge, and is made for thing and absorbs, and simultaneously, corncob has stronger resiliency, can resist the injury of the acute variation of nutrient solution acid-base value or salinity to root system of plant.The corncob resource of various places is all very abundant, and a large amount of composite interstitial substance raw materials can be provided, and has reduced the dependence to peat growing medium, has alleviated the exploitation pressure of peat and the environmental pressure that causes therefrom.
But corncob is as a kind of agricultural organic waste, and C-N directly use and can hinder plant strain growth, so fermentation process is indispensable link than high (74.6).Even if passed through the corncob of fermentation pre-treatment, its physicochemical character also has limitation, should not use as cultivation matrix separately, need by with the rational allocation of other organic materials, and carry out the adjustment of pH value, EC value etc.
Corncob and peanut shell are mixed with composite interstitial substance, can improve the matrix physicochemical character, reduce the bad reaction of single-matrix, promote the growth of ivyleaf cyclamen, reduced the usage amount of peat, can under the prerequisite that guarantees potted plant ivyleaf cyclamen marketing quality, reduce production cost, realize the recycling of corncob, have obvious social, economic benefit and environmental ecological benefit.
Compare with present ivyleaf cyclamen commodity cultivation conventional formulation, the compound substrate formula of this invention screening, physicochemical character can satisfy ivyleaf cyclamen growth requirement, and plant strain growth unanimity, strain shape is plentiful, the leaf look vivid, it is big to spend and many, damage by disease and insect is few, whole proterties is good, plant forms index comprehensive evaluation number height, marketing quality is good, the yield rate height.Because the corncob source resource is extensive, processing is drawn materials easily, for of the present invention applying laid a good foundation.Corncob is mixed with the production that composite interstitial substance is used for ivyleaf cyclamen, has alleviated the working pressure of peat to a great extent, has effectively utilized the corncob resource simultaneously, has reduced production cost, has improved economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The fermentation process of corncob: corncob C-N seriously restricts activation of microorganism in the fermentation process than up to 74.6, thereby every cubic metre of maize cob meal adds urea 2.1Kg with increase N source before the fermentation, and adds a small amount of land plaster to regulate acid-base value (about pH6.5).Moisture is controlled at about 60% during fermentation, and it is rotten fully to stir bonnet plastic film heap.Temperature can reach 60-65 ℃ in the fermentation process mesostroma heap, summer even up to 70 ℃.Fermenting spread out cooling to windrow after 4-6 days, and thoroughly eliminated toxic gas, and fully the maize cob meal of fermentation is lead.High-temperature sterilization before using, and the formalin solution sterilization of spraying 15%-20%.The adjustment physicochemical character is standby.
The fermentation process of peanut shell: peanut shell C-N seriously restricts activation of microorganism in the fermentation process than up to 91.5, thereby every cubic metre of peanut hull meal adds urea 2.3Kg to increase the N source before the fermentation, and land plaster 2Kg adjusts about pH6.5.Moisture is controlled at about 60% during fermentation, and it is rotten fully to stir bonnet plastic film heap.Temperature can reach 60-65 ℃ in the fermentation process mesostroma heap, summer even up to 70 ℃.Fermenting spread out cooling to windrow after 5-7 days, and thoroughly eliminated toxic gas.Fully the peanut hull meal of fermentation is light lark, high-temperature sterilization before using, and the formalin solution sterilization of spraying 15%-20%.Carrying out physicochemical character adjusts standby.
The preparation of cultivation matrix (corncob and peanut shell are prepared according to volume ratio all by fermentation):
Preparation 1: corncob: peanut shell=7: 3
Preparation 2: corncob: peanut shell=6: 4
Preparation 3: corncob: peanut shell=5: 5
The application of embodiment 2 composite interstitial substances in the ivyleaf cyclamen cultivation
Matrix with the prescription of embodiment 1, be used for the cultivation of ivyleaf cyclamen, with peat growing medium (peat: (the greenhouse experiment cultivation down of (CK) the same terms cultivation down perlite=3: 1) in contrast, this greenhouse has full-automatic temperature-controlling, ventilation facility, can guarantee at duration of test to providing a metastable suitable growth environment for the examination material).The result is as shown in table 1:
Table one composite interstitial substance cultivation ivyleaf cyclamen plant forms index comprehensive evaluation number
| The matrix code | The hat width of cloth (cm) | Plant height (cm) | The flower amount (piece/strain) | The number of blade | Biomass | Chlorophyll | Blade SPAD | Comprehensive evaluation index | Matrix cost savings ratio |
| Prescription 1 prescription 2 prescriptions 3 CK | ?28.2 ?28.8 ?29.2 ?25.8 | ?10.3 ?9.8 ?10 ?9.8 | ?10 ?11 ?10 ?12 | ?21.8 ?16.8 ?21 ?16.9 | ?98.3 ?97.5 ?91.1 ?84.9 | ?1.178 ?1.167 ?1.184 ?0.795 | ?48.167 ?47.533 ?43.5 ?41.067 | ?0.69 ?0.56 ?0.42 ?0.36 | ?47％ ?45.2％ ?48.2％ ?- |
By table 1 as can be seen, ivyleaf cyclamen morphological index comprehensive evaluation index is higher than traditional peat growing medium prescription, and the matrix cost declines to a great extent.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of Culture Substrate of Cyclamen is characterized in that, this cultivation matrix obtains by the following method: corncob and peanut shell are carried out respectively after fermentation maturity handles, and according to volume ratio 5～7: 3～5 are mixed and made into.
2, cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the method for preparing of this matrix is: corncob and peanut shell are carried out respectively being mixed and made at 6: 4 according to volume ratio after fermentation maturity handles.
3, cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described method of handling of becoming thoroughly decomposed is: every cubic metre of maize cob meal adds urea 2.1Kg, land plaster 2.3Kg before the fermentation, adjust pH to 6.5, moisture is controlled at 60% during fermentation, and it is rotten fully to stir bonnet plastic film heap, ferment and after 4-6 days windrow is spread out cooling, and thoroughly eliminate toxic gas, high-temperature sterilization before using, and the formalin solution sterilization of spraying 15%-20%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100640366A CN100502639C (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2007-02-16 | Cyclamen persicum cultivation medium prepared with corn cob |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100640366A CN100502639C (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2007-02-16 | Cyclamen persicum cultivation medium prepared with corn cob |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101015265A true CN101015265A (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| CN100502639C CN100502639C (en) | 2009-06-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2007100640366A Expired - Fee Related CN100502639C (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2007-02-16 | Cyclamen persicum cultivation medium prepared with corn cob |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101723742B (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-11-21 | 北京林业大学 | Euphorbia pulcherrima culture matrix |
| CN104478598A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-01 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Organic granular matrix for potted flowers |
| CN105325210A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县黄岗镇工艺柳编厂 | Method for manually culturing seedlings of osiers |
| CN105325209A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县晨浩种植专业合作社 | Chili seedling substrate |
| CN105325239A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县黄岗镇工艺柳编厂 | Method for culturing seedlings in osier medium |
| CN105340624A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-24 | 阜南县黄岗镇工艺柳编厂 | Salix integra seedling cultivation medium |
| CN107821088A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-23 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Corncob fermentation substrate and preparation method and application |
-
2007
- 2007-02-16 CN CNB2007100640366A patent/CN100502639C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101723742B (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-11-21 | 北京林业大学 | Euphorbia pulcherrima culture matrix |
| CN104478598A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-01 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Organic granular matrix for potted flowers |
| CN105325210A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县黄岗镇工艺柳编厂 | Method for manually culturing seedlings of osiers |
| CN105325209A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县晨浩种植专业合作社 | Chili seedling substrate |
| CN105325239A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县黄岗镇工艺柳编厂 | Method for culturing seedlings in osier medium |
| CN105340624A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-24 | 阜南县黄岗镇工艺柳编厂 | Salix integra seedling cultivation medium |
| CN107821088A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-23 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Corncob fermentation substrate and preparation method and application |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100502639C (en) | 2009-06-24 |
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