CN1006292B - 贴箔定向材料制法及用于容器封口 - Google Patents

贴箔定向材料制法及用于容器封口

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Publication number
CN1006292B
CN1006292B CN87108394A CN87108394A CN1006292B CN 1006292 B CN1006292 B CN 1006292B CN 87108394 A CN87108394 A CN 87108394A CN 87108394 A CN87108394 A CN 87108394A CN 1006292 B CN1006292 B CN 1006292B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
film
layer
directional
heating
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CN87108394A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN87108394A (zh
Inventor
乌拉·厄莱施伦格尔
珍·卢尼·帕德逊
埃玲·泽伦森
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rexam AB
Original Assignee
PLM AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PLM AB filed Critical PLM AB
Publication of CN87108394A publication Critical patent/CN87108394A/zh
Publication of CN1006292B publication Critical patent/CN1006292B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • B65D77/10Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D77/20Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • B65D77/10Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D77/20Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers
    • B65D77/2024Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers the cover being welded or adhered to the container
    • B65D77/2028Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab
    • B65D77/2032Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/26Hot fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/0244Cooling
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/028Non-mechanical surface pre-treatments, i.e. by flame treatment, electric discharge treatment, plasma treatment, wave energy or particle radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
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    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
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    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
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Abstract

一种使膜或箔固定在定向材料上但又能容易揭下的方法,消除了先有技术不易揭下的缺点。通过对定向材料的一个材料部分(1)的外缘表面邻接的区域加热,使它转变为基本不定向的材料层(10)。用加压加热装置(50),将膜(2)压在层(10)上,通过装置(50)供给的必要的热,使膜(2)和固定层(10)固定。由于膜是和基本不定向的塑料材料粘合,所以取得膜与材料部分(1)的粘合是可分离的。

Description

本发明涉及的一种方法,是当将箔形或膜形材料作可分离的贴靠定向塑料材料外缘表面时,通过供给能量,将箔形材料或膜形材料和固定区中的材料固定,还涉及一种封闭的容器,其开口部上有定向材料,容器用膜或箔的圆片封口。
在许多应用中,必须能将箔或膜在塑料材料的基础上,作紧密而又可拆除的固定,塑料材料基础主要含有定向材料。在下文中,凡提到膜一词,都统指用于在基础上固定的箔或膜,并无任何限制意义。膜的结构随场合变化,在某些应用中用单层膜构成,例如用塑性材料或金属膜,在其他的应用中用层压薄膜。在层压薄膜的叠层中,举例而言,仅含有塑性材料,而各层中材料的成分都各不相同,而在其他应用中,一层或数层为金属材料,或阻隔材料等等。但是膜的准备和基础固定的侧面,必定使用适宜于和基础作加热固定的材料制造。意外中发现,在使用某些塑料材料时,例如使用聚对苯二甲酸乙酯(PET)或与之类似材料制造,当基础中含有定向塑料材料时,不可能在基础上固定,形成既紧密而又可分离的连接。据发现在过去已知的和传统应用的固定技术中,薄膜用机械措施压到基础上,同时在膜上加能量,必然可能将膜和基础作紧密粘合,但是,希望得到的紧密粘合,仅在大量供给能量(供热)时才能取得,这样的热量使膜和基础牢固固定,以后不能揭去。这当然说明上述类型的薄膜和塑料材料容器开口部定向材料的结合,不能用于要求容易开启的包装(容器),即用于诸如奶制品等的食物的容器。大量供给能量以取得紧密粘合的另一个问题是薄膜变形。
因此,举例而言,当将有定向材料口缘的广口杯用薄膜封口时,制品不能合格,因为一方面薄膜变形很大,顾容不愿接受,另一方面膜在口缘上牢固粘合,不能揭去。
本发明的目的是提供一种方法及其对容器的应用,消灭了上述的问题及缺点。这目的之所以能取得,是因为在将箔或膜靠在材料部上以前,通过供能,将未来的固定区域中的定向材料,加热到或超过材料定向性开始减低的温度范围,而在该固定区材料中,加热前的定向材料变为基本不定向的材料,然后将箔或膜放上,使其一个外缘表面靠在材料部分的固定表面上,通过对与接触表面相关的材料加热,将膜或箔和材料部分固定,至于容器,由于在容器圆环形的开口区通过材料的剖面中,定向材料具有和定向材料做成整体的固定层,和/或圆片有朝向定向材料的基本不定向材料的固定层用以将圆片和定向材料粘合。
对发明重要的是:在塑料材料基础中,必须形成一个有基本不定向的材料的固定层,这个层构成基础的定向材料和膜间的连接层。由于这个层有基本不定向的材料,便能用先有技术将箔向基础上固定时,得到理想的可揭除性质。
其次是,使定向材料变为基本不定向材料的加热,在位于固定表面下方的相对薄的固定层中进行。也可以是,对固定层加热后,将其迅速冷却,以形成基本非晶质的层。
为了形成基本为不定向材料的固定层而向固定区域供能时,举例而言,可利用机械措施进行,该机械措施包括一个接触表面,它的温度达到或超过固定层中的材料定向开始消失的温度,贴靠在未来的固定表面上一定的时间。
在其他应用中,加热时未来的固定表面接受选定的一种频率或频谱的辐射,使固定层中的塑料材料阻止射线从固定层中通过,例如光辐射或热辐射。在某些实施方案中也可用火焰加热。
在理想的应用中,将上述的技术应用于容器的封口,例如用于广口杯,其口缘或口突缘有定向材料。由于容器的开口区存在具有定向材料的性能,于是就可在开口区上用一个可揭除的膜或箔将容器封口,使容器内物质的性质得以保存不变。
在从属权项中还指出了其他的理想实施方案。
关于本发明还结合附图作较详细的叙述,附图内容如下:
图1为通过定向材料一部分的剖视,
图2为相当于图1的剖视,塑料材料有基本为不定向材料的上固定层,
图3为相当于图1及2的剖视,有一个加热装置靠在定向材料上,
图4为通过塑料材料一部分的剖视,有一个光束发射器或燃烧器喷咀,朝向塑料材料的一个外缘表面,
图5为一个剖视,有一个膜靠在固定层上,为了粘合薄膜,有一个机械装置将膜压在外缘表面上,
图6为容器开口部分的剖视,开口部以上突缘为界限,突缘表面向上,构成固定表面的一个上外缘表面,
图7相当于图5的剖视,在开口部上设封口膜。
附图示本发明的一个理想实施方案。图1示塑料材料7的一个部分1,有上外缘表面3和下外缘表面4。塑料材料有单轴线或双轴线方向的定向。
图2示通过相当于图1的塑料材料部分1的剖视,但塑料材料形成两个层7和10,层7相当于图1中定向塑料材料的主要部分,另一层10相当于部分1中定向材料的其余部分,这部分经过改变,成为基本不定向材料的上层,下文中均称之为固定层10。固定层外缘表面相当于图1的上外缘表面3,标图号为11。
图3示机械加热装置30,设槽孔32输送传热介质。加热装置有接触 表面31,朝向支承装置35,装置35的接触表面朝向加热装置,标号为36。支承装置设槽孔37,输送传热介质。材料部分1贴靠加热装置30的接触表面31,向材料部分传递热能。部分1中的不规则线条,表示加热装置30加热的材料和不加热材料间的一个过渡区8。
图5示相当于图3的一种安排,在这安排中有一个机械加压加热装置50,和一个支承装置55,两装置中分别有槽孔52及57,输送传热介质。标图号51及56分别表示互相面对的加压加热装置50,和支承装置55的接触表面。
加压加热装置50和支承装置55之间有一个塑料材料部分1,其中有定向塑料材料层7,和与之为一体的基本不定向材料的固定层10。
在图3及5中,箭头A及B分别表示加热装置30及加压加热装置50,在传动装置(图未示)的协助下,在图中的开启位置和运转位置之间作前进或后退。擅长本技艺领域者可明了,可在支承装置35或55中设传动装置,和就装置30,50所叙述者相同,并且/或者可使加热装置和支承装置作相对活动,处于相当于开启和运转的位置上。
在图5中,部分1也和图2所示相似,由定向塑料材料层7和有基本不定向材料的层10(固定层)构成。有一个箔或膜2,下文中一般称为膜,放在机械加压加热装置50的接触表面51,和固定层10之间,从而靠在固定层的接触表面11上。膜的一个外缘表面5朝向加压加热装置,另一外缘表面6朝向固定层10。
图4示有透镜41的加热装置40,将光束45会聚,例如,将光束向在一个距离外的定向材料部分1的表面3上会聚。选定辐射的频率和频谱,因而可使塑料材料基本阻止射线穿透。通常透镜41被设计成这样,使向着部分1的表面3折射的光束呈带形。加热装置40和部分1可在传动装置(图未示)的协助下,作相对的活动,而大致保持光束45在部分1的外缘表面3上聚光。标图号10表示形成过程中的基本不定向的材料的固 定层。
在某些应用中,加热装置40由一个燃烧器构成,例如煤气炉,用以产生火焰45,引向定向塑料材料的部分1。
图6及7示通过容器13开口区的剖视。容器有开口部16,设有完全围绕的定向材料7的开口区14,由有基本不定向材料的固定层10定界,有固定表面11。在理想的应用中,全部围绕的开口区14的设计,有开口突缘15。在某些应用中,当开口边缘用一层基本不定向材料形成开口部固定层,完成开口边缘时,便不设放开口突缘。图7示将箔或膜的圆片17在固定层10上粘合,将容器紧密封口。
应用本发明时,在一个理想实施方案中,由于将定向塑料材料7和未来的固定表面11,在材料定向性开始下降的温度范围内,或在范围以上的温度下加热,形成固定层10。用PET时,例如在理想实施方案中,加热装置30的接触表面超过190℃。在固定层中主要含有非晶体材料时,将材料加热达到熔化,加热装置的温度至少略超过材料的熔化温度。在过程中,一层材料在加热前为定向材料时,加热后变为基本不定向的材料,形成固定层10。通常限制加热时间,从而仅在材料的相对薄的区域中达到较高的温度,与之相连的是定向材料。
前文所述的形成固定层10的加热,在某些实施方案中用机械加热装置30进行,在其他的实施方案中使用辐射装置40或燃烧器40。在某些实施方案中,加热装置设计为有一个相当于图3中的机械加热装置30的圆筒。将箔或膜或定向材料区卷在圆筒上,从而将其局部加热,形成固定层10。通常环境可提供足够的冷却作用,将固定层迅速冷却,使固定层中的材料基本变为非晶体。在某些应用中要求有相当厚的固定层时,用一个装置作设备的补充,对受热的固定层作强制冷却。在某些应用中,这种冷却用冷空气喷流或气幕进行,而在其他应用中,将设有固定层的材料从冷却滚筒中通过。
然后将定向材料区和膜(箔)放置在支承装置55和加压加热装置50之间,至少在未来的固定区中,至少定向材料区或膜由固定层10确定范围。这样的放置可在将材料区和膜靠紧时,形成材料区或膜的外缘。然后将加压加热装置50和支承装置55互相靠拢,使膜2由加热装置压向材料区,同时用装置50加热。在材料区或膜上的固定层10,使膜粘在材料区上,取得和基本不定向的塑料材料的理想粘合。为使膜和实际材料部分紧固,在某些应用中,材料或膜涂敷粘合剂,其粘固作用在供热时激活。在某些应用中,形成固定层10用的加热装置30,用加压加热装置代替,在第一道工序中将加压加热装置直接靠在部分1的上外缘表面3上,形成固定层10,然后在将装置和材料部分1相对移动时,接触停止,装置和外缘表面(固定表面)11之间的距离增大,以便将膜2插入。在第二道工序中按上述的技术,用加压加热装置50,将膜在固定层10上紧固。
图3及6所示的将膜在有固定层10的定向材料基础上紧固的基本技术,当然适用于图6及7中的实施方案,方案中固定层11构成容器上完全围绕开口区14的边缘。于是这技术也可用于按传统方法,将圆片17粘在容器13的口缘上,口缘主要含有定向材料7。
在本发明中,能量的供给或辐射的强度的作用相当大。由于塑料材料的热导性相当低,同时因为低导热性使相对于下面的定向材料的热梯度相当大,因此材料层(即未来的固定表面)表面附近的材料加热很快。经过一段时间后便停止供能,这时间决定于材料的热导性,并通常有所选择,使固定表面下面,仅材料的一个薄层达到较高的温度,从而这薄层中的材料的定向性基本消失。固定表面在前文中称为固定层。材料的其余部分从其剖面中可见,仅一个很小的范围受热,保留定向性,构成决定固定层尺寸的承托层。由于承托层的定向性未变,承托层的强度,耐热性,尺寸稳定性等等方面的性能,对承托层上面有按上述方法粘附的膜的制品,是有决定意义的。
在要求固定层,或至少与固定表面邻接的区域中,材料基本为非晶质材料或热结晶性低的材料的应用中时,固定层的加热要求能使材料熔化,于是在加热后立刻将固定层材料迅速冷却,达到结晶温度以下的温度。这是例如用机械装置进行的,机械装置和固定层中的材料接触,至少在接触区中有热导性良好的材料区。例如用冷却槽孔,可保持机械装置上的这些材料区有低温,例如0℃。
在其他可用这技术的应用中,例如在铝层上设一个材料层,加热后可在铝箔和广口杯口缘间形成粘合剂。
在某些应用中,允许图中剖面所示的固定层,至少部分有晶质材料。尤其在剖面中,离固定表面相当远的固定层的一个区域中,材料的不良热导性使受热材料在一个相当长的时间内,保持适合进行结晶的温度,从而热结晶过程持续,在某些应用中这区域里的材料变不透明。
本发明的技术,当然在定向材料膜或箔需要有基本不定向材料的固定层时也可应用。本发明的本实施方案,尤其适合用于厚度相当大的圆片,特别在某些应用中,例如容器口缘用的材料,包括其设计,能使加压加热装置供给的能量,通过口缘上的材料,达到与圆片及口缘间接触表面相邻的圆片的材料上。
上面的叙述,仅涉及本发明的有限数目的实施方案,但熟悉本技艺领域的人很易看出,本发明可包括属下文权利要求书范围中的大量实施方案。

Claims (14)

1、将箔或膜(2)在定向材料的材料部分(1)上固定的方法,当将箔或膜贴靠材料的外缘表面(3),并当通过向一个固定区供给能量使膜或箔在材料上固定时,形成固定区,特征在于将箔或膜(2)移向材料部分(1)前,通过供给能量,先加热未耒固定区中的定向材料,达到材料定向性开始降低的温度范围,或这范围以上,当该固定区中的在加热前为定向的材料,加热后变为基本不定向的材料,将箔或膜(2)的一个外缘表面(6)贴靠材料部分(1)的一个固定表面(11),通过对与接触表面(6和11)相关的材料加热,膜或箔便与材料部分固定。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于使定向材料变为基本不定向材料的加热,在位于固定表面下方的相对薄的固定层(10)中进行。
3、如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于在对固定层(10)加热后,将其迅速冷却,形成基本非晶质的层。
4、如权利要求2或3所述的方法,其特征在于固定层(10)材料的加热,用机械装置(30)进行,装置有接触表面(31),在预定的时间间隔中,在固定层(10)的材料熔化温度范围内或范围以上的温度下,贴靠固定表面。
5、如权利要求2或3所述的方法,其特征在于加热通过辐射进行,对辐射的频率和频谱的选择是,使固定层(10)中的塑料材料可基本阻止辐射线穿透,或用火焰进行,将火焰引向固定层(10)的固定表面。
6、一种将膜或箔固定在定向材料上对容器封口的方法,包括下列步骤:
(a)通过供给能量,先加热容器的环形口缘未来固定区中的定向材料,达到材料定向性开始降低的温度范围或这范围以上,使该固定区中的在加热前为定向的材料,加热后变为基本不定向的材料;
(b)将膜或箔的一个外缘表面贴靠在容器环形口缘的固定区的表面上;
(c)通过对与相接触的两个表面相关的材料加热,使膜或箔固定在容器的环形口缘上。
7、如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于使容器的环形口缘的定向材料变为基本不定向材料的加热,在位于固定表面下方的相对薄的固定层中进行。
8、如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于在对容器口环形缘的固定层加热后,将其迅速冷却,形成基本非晶质的层。
9、如权利要求7或8所述的方法,其特征在于容器环形口缘的固定层材料的加热用机械装置进行,装置的接触表面在预定的时间间隔中,在固定层的材料熔化温度范围内或范围上的温度下,贴靠固定表面。
10、如权利要求7或8所述的方法,其特征在于加热通过辐射进行,对辐射的频率和频谱的选择是,使固定层中的塑料材料可基本阻止辐射线穿透,或用火焰进行,将火焰引向固定层的固定表面。
11、一种热塑材料的容器,包括一个定向热塑材料的本体,本体上有一个开口,一个环形部分围绕着这个开口,一张膜连接在这环形部分以封闭这个开口,本发明的特征是在膜和环形部分的定向热塑材料之间,有一层非定向热塑材料,用来把膜连接到环形部分上。
12、如权利要求11所述的容器,其特征在于该膜是可揭去地连接着该层非定向热塑材料。
13、如权利要求11所述的容器,其特征在于该环形部分包括一个突缘,该非定向热塑材料层就形成在该突缘上。
14、如权利要求13所述的容器,其特征在于该突缘有一个上表面,该非定向热塑材料层就被形成于该上表面上,该层的厚度比起该突缘的厚度来是相对地薄的,该膜被连接在该层的上表面。
CN87108394A 1986-12-18 1987-12-15 贴箔定向材料制法及用于容器封口 Expired CN1006292B (zh)

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