CN100520152C - 照明设备 - Google Patents

照明设备 Download PDF

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CN100520152C
CN100520152C CNB2005800331427A CN200580033142A CN100520152C CN 100520152 C CN100520152 C CN 100520152C CN B2005800331427 A CNB2005800331427 A CN B2005800331427A CN 200580033142 A CN200580033142 A CN 200580033142A CN 100520152 C CN100520152 C CN 100520152C
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lighting apparatus
state light
optical fiber
solid state
led
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CN101107474A (zh
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M·H·J·范里杰斯维克
W·E·J·范库坦
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Signify Holding BV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K5/00—Lamps for general lighting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
    • G02B6/001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
    • F21K9/23—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
    • F21K9/232—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings specially adapted for generating an essentially omnidirectional light distribution, e.g. with a glass bulb
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/61—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/66—Details of globes or covers forming part of the light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F21V3/02—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by the shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
    • F21V3/10—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by coatings
    • F21V3/12—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by coatings the coatings comprising photoluminescent substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及照明设备，其包括外壳(2)、底座(3)、固态光源(4)和具有光出耦合表面的光学装置(5)，该固态光源(4)光学耦合到所述光学装置(5)。使用螺旋缠绕的光纤作为光学装置(5)以及形状象传统灯泡的透明外壳(2)，提供了与传统白炽灯(例如炭丝灯)非常相似的照明设备(1)。作为固态光源(4)的LED的长寿命和高效率将使得这种照明设备(1)成为传统白炽灯的非常有吸引力的替代品。根据本发明的照明设备(1)的另一优点在于，通过在所述照明设备(1)中使用例如红色、绿色和蓝色LED，可以选择和调整大的色域。可以在该照明设备(1)中结合用于驱动以及控制亮度和颜色设置的电子装置。

Description

照明设备
技术领域
本发明涉及包括外壳、底座和固态光源的照明设备。
背景技术
从US 6,586,882已知开篇段落中提及的照明设备。该美国专利公开了一种照明系统，其包括发射第一波长范围的光(优选蓝光)的光电元件，例如发光二极管。此外，该发光系统配备有吸收由光电元件发射的光并且再发射第二波长范围的光的转换装置。该转换装置可提供在螺旋形线圈体上。由于外壳的形状象公知的灯泡，该照明系统类似炭丝灯。
尽管使用如US 6,586,882所公开的照明系统可实现看似炭丝的高效率，但是这种照明系统的缺点是由光电元件发射的光必须被转换成具有适当波长的光，这不仅复杂而且降低了其效率。另一个缺点是在外壳的内侧上有多层光学涂层，这是将LED发射的光反射到转换装置所需要的。这使得该照明系统复杂且昂贵。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种照明设备，其不具有上述缺点，并且其中由固态光源发射的光直接用于照明目的。本发明的另一个优点在于这种照明设备可产生大量颜色。
根据本发明，该目的通过一种照明设备实现，其特征在于该照明设备还包括具有光出耦合表面的光学装置，固态光源光学耦合到所述光学装置。
本发明基于这样的认识：通过将所述固态光源光学耦合到光学装置，可将该固态光源发射的光传输到该光学装置。这些光学装置在该照明设备内形成独立的元件，并且不与外壳集成。此外，该光学装置必须具有允许光从所述光学装置出耦合的表面。这可以通过选择该光学装置的适当的表面粗糙度来实现。
以这种方式，根据本发明的照明设备将以与所述固态光源产生的相同的光谱分布，从该固态光源发射光。
在一个优选实施例中，该固态光源包括至少一个LED。在当今的照明应用中，LED(发光二极管)的使用是非常广泛的。广泛的实用性和吸引人的价格使LED成为这些类型照明设备的优选光源。通过使用一个LED，照明设备的颜色由LED的选择决定。例如，通过使用黄褐色LED，可以为起居室提供温馨且舒适的光。
在另一实施例中，该固态光源包括三个LED，它们在工作时发射不同颜色的光。使用三个LED提供了从1931 CIE色度图中的大色域(即，由三个LED的颜色处于顶点的三角形包围的所有颜色)选择期望颜色的可能性。通过改变三种不同颜色的LED之间的亮度比，可调整出所述三角形内的所有颜色。
在另一实施例中，该光学装置包括可螺旋缠绕的光纤。使用光纤能够实现很多种非常有装饰性的灯。光纤的一端或两端必须被耦合到LED。当使用三个LED时，可仅仅使用一条光纤耦合到这三个LED。因此该光纤接收并发射由这三个LED产生的混合色。或者，可使用独立的光纤耦合到每个单个的LED。因此，灯将具有每个发射不同颜色光的三条光纤。也可能将光纤的一端或两端与一个或多个LED耦合。后一种情况(即两端耦合)允许光纤上的光分布更均匀。
另一个实施例的特征在于外壳的内表面具有发光材料涂层。
通过用发光材料涂敷于内表面，即使仅使用一个LED，也有可能制造更多种颜色的灯。
该照明设备优选地具有螺丝底座或卡口底座。
大多数现有的传统灯泡具有螺丝底座，如公知的E14、E26或E27底座，或者卡口底座。通过为根据本发明的照明设备提供相同类型的底座，使其与现有灯泡兼容，从而非常容易用这种新的照明设备替换现有的灯。
此外，该照明设备的底座可以包括电子驱动装置，该电子驱动装置配备有用于驱动固态光源的电源。这种电子驱动装置将该照明设备的电源电压输入转换成适于驱动固态光源的输出值。另外，该电子驱动装置还配备有控制单元，该控制单元被设置成控制所述照明设备的光输出和/或颜色。这一特征将允许对该照明设备的光强度(变暗特征)进行控制和/或对其颜色进行控制。例如，这种控制可以通过遥控用户界面来执行。
附图说明
参照附图和下述实施例，本发明的这些和其它方面将变得明显并且将通过非限制性实例得到阐明。
在附图中：
图1示意性示出了根据本发明的照明设备；
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例，其中使用了三个LED和一条共用光纤；
图3示出了根据本发明的一个实施例，其中三个LED各有一条单独的光纤。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的照明设备1的一个例子。该照明设备具有外壳2，例如对于公知灯泡熟知的玻璃灯泡。应当注意，固态照明设备并不需要真空外壳2。外壳2可以包含空气或一些其它气体。该外壳2的外侧连接到形成为螺丝底座8或卡口底座的底座3，以便使其与现有灯泡兼容。
照明设备1内部包括：固态光源4，例如，一个或多个LED；以及电子驱动装置7，用于将电源电压输入(230V AC或110V AC)转换成适于驱动固态光源4的信号。
该照明设备1还具有耦合到固态光源4的光纤5。工作时，固态光源4发射光并将此光传送到光纤5。光纤5具有光出耦合表面，由于该表面，光从光纤5发射。该光出耦合表面可以设计成使得光纤5透过其表面均匀地发射光。或者，对于螺旋缠绕的光纤，其可以设计成从螺旋部分52发射相对多的光而从部分51发射较少的光，所述部分51形成螺旋部分52和固态光源4之间的连接。这可以通过例如沿光纤5选择表面粗糙度来实现。这样，沿光纤的发光将与炭丝灯的发光非常相似。
在图1中，光纤5的两端10都连接到固态光源4。由所述固态光源4发射的光现在在两端进入光纤5。这将导致光纤5上的光分布更均匀。或者，可选择仅将光纤5的端部10之一耦合到固态光源4，在这种情况下另一端部10不与固态光源4光学接触。
另一选择是将光纤5的两端10耦合到固态光源4的不同LED，由此允许照明设备1的光输出更高。
在图1的实施例中，防止直接看到固态光源4的屏蔽9包围光源4。
如果外壳2由透明玻璃制成，该照明设备1将具有很强的装饰价值。通过使用黄褐色LED和螺旋缠绕的光纤，该照明设备1将与常常用于产生令人愉快的氛围的公知炭丝灯非常相似。炭丝灯的缺点在于昂贵和易损坏，并且发光效率很低。根据本发明的照明设备1克服了这些缺点：其可以用于产生令人愉快的氛围，同时提供高光输出以及极长的寿命。通过比较，黄褐色LED通常的发光效率为20-401m/W，寿命超过75,000小时，而炭丝灯的发光效率为2-3ml/W且寿命不到1000小时。这使得这些类型的照明设备非常适用于专业装饰应用，这些应用中低服务成本和低能耗是非常重要的。
可以在照明设备1中结合的另一特征是在外壳2的内侧上提供的发光材料涂层6。该涂层6可改变从固态光源4发射的光的颜色。此外，当外壳2是灯泡形状时，照明设备1的外观很像漫射白炽灯。这些照明设备非常适于代替白炽灯。
图2和图3示出了固态光源包括三个LED 41、42和43的实施例。这三个LED 41、42和43优选具有不同颜色，例如红色、绿色和蓝色。由此，可根据1931 CIE色度图的颜色三角形(这三个LED的颜色在顶点处)将照明设备1调整成所有颜色。尤其是，这允许选择很多种白色设置。
在图2中，LED 41、42和43发射的光在进入诸如光纤的光学装置5之前混合。这三种颜色可通过光散射元件11混合，该光散射元件11放置在LED 41、42和43的顶上并与其光学接触。光纤的端部10与该光散射元件11光学接触以拾取均匀的混合光。
在图3中，向固态光源4的每个LED 41、42、43应用光纤。可以以与仅一个LED的情况相似的方式，将光纤耦合到每个LED 41、42、43。该照明设备1具有甚至更高的装饰价值，因为其具有三条光纤，每条发射不同颜色的光。
当根据本发明的照明设备1被用作常用白炽灯的替代品时是非常有利的。因此，优选照明设备1的底座3是螺丝底座或卡口底座。尤其是，E14、E26或E27类型的螺丝底座常常用于灯。
为了使照明设备1完全与标准白炽灯兼容，需要所述照明设备1包含电子驱动装置7，该电子驱动装置7配备有用于将电源电压馈送(通常230V AC或110V AC)转换成适于驱动固态光源4的输出信号(通常约2V DC)的电源。此外，电子驱动装置7可以包含用于控制照明设备1的颜色和亮度(或光输出)设置的电子电路。颜色和亮度可以通过遥控单元、底座3上的按钮或通过其它类型的用户界面来控制。为此，驱动装置7可以包括电源以及用于亮度和颜色设置的控制单元。这些电子驱动装置可提供在底座3内。
本发明不限于形状象传统灯泡(具有透明外壳或具有内侧上涂敷了发光材料的外壳)且具有标准底座的照明设备。本发明也可应用于例如管的两端具有连接器的管状灯，而且也可以考虑不兼容的照明设备。
概括而言，本发明涉及一种照明设备1，其包括外壳2、底座3、固态光源4和具有光出耦合表面的光学装置5，该固态光源4光学耦合到所述光学装置5。使用螺旋缠绕的光纤作为光学装置5以及使用形状象传统灯泡的透明外壳2，提供了与传统白炽灯(例如炭丝灯)非常相似的照明设备1。作为固态光源4的LED的长寿命和高效率将使得该照明设备1成为传统白炽灯的非常有吸引力的替代品。根据本发明的照明设备1的另一优点在于，通过在所述照明设备1中使用例如红色、绿色和蓝色LED，可以选择和调整大的色域。可以在该照明设备1中结合用于驱动以及控制亮度和颜色设置的电子装置。

Claims (12)

1、一种照明设备(1)，包括：外壳(2)、底座(3)和固态光源(4)，其特征在于该照明设备(1)还包括具有光出耦合表面的光学装置(5)，该固态光源(4)光学耦合到所述光学装置(5)。
2、如权利要求1所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于该固态光源(4)包括至少一个LED。
3、如权利要求2所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于该固态光源(4)包括三个LED，在工作时每个LED发射一种不同颜色的光。
4、如权利要求1、2或3所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于该光学装置(5)包括光纤。
5、如权利要求3所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于该光学装置(5)包括用于这三个LED中每一个的光纤。
6、如权利要求4所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于所述光纤是螺旋缠绕的。
7、如权利要求4所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于所述光纤具有两个端部(10)，这两个端部都耦合到固态光源(4)。
8、如权利要求7所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于所述固态光源(4)包括用于每个光纤的两个LED，耦合到所述光纤的端部(10)。
9、如权利要求1、2或3所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于外壳(2)的内表面具有发光材料涂层(6)。
10、如权利要求1、2或3所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于底座(3)是螺丝底座(8)或卡口底座。
11、如权利要求1、2或3所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于所述照明设备(1)包括电子驱动装置(7)，该电子驱动装置(7)具有用于驱动所述固态光源(4)的电源。
12、如权利要求11所述的照明设备(1)，其特征在于所述电子驱动装置(7)还具有控制单元，该控制单元被设置成控制所述照明设备(1)的光强度和/或颜色。
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PT3722665T (pt) 2022-03-16
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