CN100448012C - 显示装置的薄膜晶体管基板及其制造方法 - Google Patents

显示装置的薄膜晶体管基板及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN100448012C
CN100448012C CNB2006100042368A CN200610004236A CN100448012C CN 100448012 C CN100448012 C CN 100448012C CN B2006100042368 A CNB2006100042368 A CN B2006100042368A CN 200610004236 A CN200610004236 A CN 200610004236A CN 100448012 C CN100448012 C CN 100448012C
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罗柄善
郭相基
金东奎
李敬弼
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于显示装置的薄膜晶体管基板及其制造方法。所述薄膜晶体管基板包括:栅极布线,包括栅电极;数据布线,包括数据线、连接到所述数据线的源电极和连接到像素电极的漏电极;以及半导体层,设置于所述栅极布线和数据布线之间,其中所述漏电极下的半导体层设置于与所述栅电极重叠的区域内,且所述源电极下的半导体层从栅电极向外延伸到未与所述栅电极重叠的区域。有利地,本公开提供了一种具有高开口率和导致少余像的用于显示装置的薄膜晶体管基板及其制造方法。

Description

显示装置的薄膜晶体管基板及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种显示装置的薄膜晶体管基板及其制造方法。
背景技术
由于液晶显示装置(LCD)比阴极射线管(CRT)更薄、更轻且功耗更小,LCD已经通常被用于平板显示器。LCD通常包括其上形成有公共电极和滤色器的上基板、其上形成有像素电极和薄膜晶体管(TFT)的下基板、以及注入在上和下基板之间的液晶。
驱动电路驱动相应于每个像素的TFT,由此导致液晶分子改变它们的取向。液晶分子的取向的如此改变控制了从背光传输到滤色器的光量。
TFT包括栅电极、源电极、漏电极和形成沟道区的半导体层。非晶硅或多晶硅被用于半导体层,且非晶硅具有低的关闭电流。然而,非晶硅的缺点在于当其被光照射时产生泄漏电流。泄漏电流妨碍了存储电容器保持需要的电势,由此产生闪烁或余像。
为了防止非晶硅暴露于背光的光,引入了全部岛状的结构,其被设计为在栅电极区域内形成非晶硅(即,仅在与栅电极重叠的区域中形成)。然而,因为开口率随着栅电极的尺寸变大而减小,这样的结构不利地具有低开口率,而且因为RC延迟随着数据布线和栅电极重叠的面积变大而增加,这样的结构还导致RC延迟增加。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个方面是提供一种用于显示装置的TFT基板和制造其的方法,所述TFT基板具有高开口率且引起较少的余像。
本发明的前述和/或其它方面还通过提供一种用于显示装置的TFT基板来获得,所述TFT基板包括:包括栅电极的栅极布线;数据布线,包括数据线、连接到数据线的源电极和连接到像素电极的漏电极;以及半导体层,设置于栅极布线和数据布线之间,其中漏电极下的半导体层设置于栅电极的区域内,且源电极下的半导体层从栅电极向外延伸。
根据本发明的实施例,半导体层包括非晶硅。
根据本发明的另一实施例,TFT基板还包括:欧姆接触层,设置于半导体层和数据布线之间且包括与半导体层相同的图案。
本发明的前述和/或其它方面还通过提供一种用于显示装置的TFT基板来获得,所述TFT基板包括:包括栅电极的栅极布线;数据布线,包括数据线、连接到数据线的源电极和连接到像素电极的漏电极;以及半导体层,设置于栅线和数据线之间且形成源电极和漏电极之间的沟道区,其中与漏电极重叠的半导体层设置于栅电极的区域内,且与源电极重叠的半导体层从栅电极向外延伸。
本发明的前述和/或其它方面还通过提供一种用于显示装置的TFT基板的制造方法来获得,所述方法包括:通过沉积并构图栅极布线材料来形成包括栅电极的栅极布线;在栅极布线上形成与栅电极部分重叠的半导体层;以及通过沉积并构图数据布线材料来形成源电极和漏电极,源电极下的半导体层从栅电极向外延伸且漏电极下的半导体层设置于栅电极的区域内。
根据本发明的实施例,在前述的实施例中,部分的源电极可以从栅电极向外延伸(即,进入未与栅电极重叠的区域)。
附图说明
结合附图,从示范性实施例的以下描述,本发明的以上和/或其它方面和优点将变得明显易懂,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的第一实施例的TFT基板的布局图;
图2是沿图1的II-II线所截取的截面图;
图3是根据本发明的第一实施例的栅极布线和半导体层的布局图;
图4是根据本发明的第一实施例的半导体层和数据布线的布局图;
图5是根据本发明的第一实施例的栅极布线和数据布线的布局图;
图6A到8B是示出根据本发明的第一实施例的TFT基板的制造工艺的图;
图9是根据本发明的第二实施例的TFT基板的布局图;
图10是沿图9的X-X线所截取的截面图;
图11是根据本发明的第三实施例的TFT基板的布局图;
图12是沿图11的XII-XII线所截取的截面图。
具体实施方式
现将详细参考本发明的示范性实施例,在附图中示出了其示例,其中通篇相似的参考标号指示相似的元件。为了解释本发明,通过参考附图来在以下描述实施例。
将在以下参考图1到5描述根据第一实施例的TFT基板1。
现参考图1到4,栅极布线21和22形成于绝缘基板11上。栅极布线21和22包括沿横向方向延伸的栅线21和连接栅线21的栅电极22。
栅极绝缘层31由例如氮化硅(SiNx)制成且形成于绝缘基板11上且覆盖栅极布线21和22。
半导体层32由例如非晶硅形制成且形成于栅电极22的栅极绝缘层31上。欧姆接触层由例如硅化物和用n型杂质重掺杂的n+氢化非晶硅制成且形成于半导体层32上。
数据布线41、42和43形成于欧姆接触层33和栅极绝缘层31上。在一个示例中,数据布线41、42和43可以具有Mo单层结构或Mo/Al/Mo三层结构。
数据布线41、42和43设置于纵向方向。数据布线41、42和43包括与栅线21相交且界定像素的数据线41,从延伸到欧姆接触层33的上部分的数据线41分出的源电极42,和与源电极42分离且设置于与源电极42相对的欧姆接触层33的上部分上的漏电极43。在一个示例中,源电极42具有U形状。
钝化层51形成于数据布线41、42和43以及未被数据布线41、42和43覆盖的半导体层32上。钝化层51优选地由通过等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)工艺沉积的氮化硅(SiNx)、a-Si:C:O或a-Si:O:F制成,和/或由含丙稀的有机绝缘材料制成。通过PECVD工艺沉积的a-Si:C:O层和a-Si:O:F层均具有低介电常数,在一个实施例中,其低于4。因此,这样的层即使厚度薄也具有小的寄生电容。而且,这样的层与其它层比较具有好的粘结性能以及高台阶覆盖率。另外,因为这样的层由无机材料制成,它们比有机绝缘层具有更高的热稳定性。
钝化层51具有暴露漏电极43的接触孔71。像素电极61形成于钝化层51上且通过接触孔61电连接到漏电极43,且设置于像素区中。像素电极61由透明导电材料制成,比如氧化铟锡(ITO)或氧化铟锌(IZO)。这里,像素电极61与栅线21重叠,由此组成存储电容器。可以将存储电容布线加到设置有栅极布线21和22的同一层中以增加存储电容。
在以下进一步描述TFT基板1中栅极布线21和22、半导体层32以及数据布线41、42和43的布局。
参考图3,首先描述栅极布线21和22以及半导体层32的布局。半导体层32的较大部分与栅电极22重叠,但是半导体层32的某些部分A和B没有与栅电极22重叠。在这样的结构中,栅电极22的尺寸可以比较小,因为栅电极22不需覆盖整个半导体层32。漏电极43形成于半导体层32与栅电极22完全重叠的区域上,且源电极42形成于半导体层32从栅电极22向外延伸(见例如图2)到不与栅电极22重叠的区域中的区域上。
参考图4,将描述半导体层32和数据布线41、42和43的布局。整个源电极42与半导体层32重叠,但是漏电极43的仅一部分与半导体层32重叠。半导体层32的某些部分C和D没有用数据布线41、42和43覆盖,且这样的部分的某些也没有用栅极布线21和22覆盖。没有被栅极布线21和22和数据布线41、42和43覆盖的区域E和F(图1)被暴露于从背光发射的光。
参考图5,将描述栅极布线21和22以及数据布线41、42和43的布局。数据电极43的一部分与栅电极22重叠,且源电极42的部分G不与栅电极22重叠。
这样的TFT基板具有以下的优点。
首先,因为形成于源电极42下的半导体层32没有完全被栅电极22覆盖,栅电极22的尺寸可以比前述的在完全岛结构中可能的尺寸更小。因此,栅电极22的尺寸小于完全岛结构中的尺寸,且由此开口率较高。
第二,布线之间的RC延迟被降低。如图5所示,源电极42的部分G从栅电极22向外延伸。于是,源电极42和栅电极22重叠的面积减小,由此减小了RC延迟。
第三,由漏电流导致的余像较少发生。形成于漏电极43下的半导体层32完全被栅电极22覆盖(参考图2中的H),从而没有产生从漏电极43到源电极42的漏电流。另一方面,没有被栅电极22或源电极42覆盖的区域E和F被暴露于从背光发射的光。因此,产生了从源电极42到漏电极43的漏电流,因为空穴电流最初从暴露于来自背光的光的半导体层42的区域E和F产生。然而,从源电极42到漏电极43的漏电流不引起余像,因为余像是由从漏电极43到源电极42的漏电流导致的。
以上的实施例可以以各种方法修改。例如,半导体层32的区域E可以与栅线21或数据线41重叠,从而区域E不暴露于从背光发射的光。
现参考图6A到8B,将描述根据第一实施例的TFT的制造工艺。图6B、图7B和图8B是图6A、图7A和图8A分别沿线VIB-VIB、VIIB-VIIB和VIIIB-VIIIB的截面图。
首先,如图6A和6B所示,通过沉积栅极布线材料且然后通过使用掩模的光刻来构图栅极布线材料,在绝缘基板11上形成包括栅线21和栅电极22的栅极布线21和22。栅电极22形成得小于完全岛结构,由此提高开口率。
接下来,如图7A和7B所示,依次沉积由氮化硅制成的层31、由非晶硅制成的层32以及由非晶硅制成的层33。然后,如图8A和8B所示,通过层32和层33的光刻在栅电极22上方的栅极绝缘层31上形成半导体层32和欧姆接触层31。其上将形成漏电极43的半导体层32的一部分形成于栅电极22的区域内。其上将形成源电极42的半导体层32的另一部分从栅电极22向外延伸。因此,半导体层32部分地覆盖栅电极22。
其后,如图8A和8B进一步所示,通过沉积数据布线材料且然后通过使用掩模的光刻来构图数据布线材料,从而形成数据布线41、42和43。数据布线41、42和43包括与栅线21相交的数据线41,连接到数据线41且在栅电极22上方延伸的源电极42,以及与源电极42分开并相对的漏电极43。随后,将没有由数据布线41、42和43覆盖的掺杂的非晶硅层33蚀刻,由此将掺杂的非晶硅层33分为两部分且暴露在两个分开的掺杂的多晶硅层33之间的半导体层32。然后,优选地在暴露的半导体层32上进行氧等离子体处理以稳定所暴露的表面。
在一个示例中,数据布线41、42和43可以具有Mo单层结构或Mo/Al/Mo三层结构。
源电极42具有U形状,且源电极42的某些部分不与栅电极重叠。漏电极43部分地与栅电极22重叠,且漏电极43下的半导体层32设置于栅电极22的区域内。
之后,如图1和2所示,通过使用化学气相沉积(CVD)工艺来生长氮化硅、a-Si:C:O、或a-Si:O:F或者涂布有机绝缘层来形成钝化层51。接下来,通过光刻工艺来形成暴露漏电极33的接触孔71。
最后,沉积ITO或IZO层且然后通过光刻来构图ITO或IZO层来形成通过接触孔71连接到漏电极33的像素电极61,由此完成TFT基板1。
在以下将参考图9和10描述根据第二实施例的TFT基板。
与第一实施例不同,整个源电极42与栅电极22重叠。与第一实施例相似,在漏电极43下的整个半导体层32与栅电极22重叠,且在源电极42下的半导体层32从栅电极22向外延伸。
根据第二实施例,源电极42和栅电极22重叠的区域变大,由此增加了RC延迟。然而,栅电极22的尺寸比完全岛结构中的尺寸变小,由此提高了开口率。而且,没有产生从漏电极43到源电极42方向的漏电流,由此减少了余像。
在以下将参考图11和12描述根据第三实施例的TFT基板。
与第一实施例不同,沟道区具有直线形状。与第一实施例相似,在漏电极43下的整个半导体层32与栅电极22重叠,且在源电极42下的半导体层32从栅电极22向外延伸。
根据第三实施例,栅电极22的尺寸比完全岛结构中的尺寸变小,由此提高了开口率。而且,没有产生从漏电极43到源电极42方向的漏电流,由此减少了余像。
根据本发明的实施例的TFT和TFT基板可以不仅用于LCD中而且用于有机发光二极管(OLED)中。
这里,OLED使用了当其接收电信号时通过自身发光的有机材料。具有层结构的如此的OLED包括阴极层(像素电极)、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层和阳极层(相对电极)。根据本发明的实施例,TFT基板的漏极接触部分与阴极层电连接,由此传输数据信号。另一方面,TFT基板的漏极接触部分与阳极层电连接。
虽然已经显示和描述了本发明的一些实施例,本领域的技术人员可以理解在不脱离由权利要求和其等同物所界定的本发明的原则和精神的范围的情况下,可以在这些实施例中作出各种改变。
本申请要求于2005年2月11日在韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请No.2005-0011575的权益,其全部内容引入于此作为参考。

Claims (18)

1、一种用于显示装置的薄膜晶体管基板,包括:
栅极布线,包括栅电极;
数据布线,包括数据线、连接到所述数据线的源电极和连接到像素电极的漏电极;以及
半导体层,设置于所述栅极布线和数据布线之间,
其中所述漏电极下的半导体层设置于所述栅电极的区域内,且所述源电极下的半导体层与所述栅电极重叠并从栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
2、根据权利要求1所述的薄膜晶体管基板,其中所述半导体层包括非晶硅。
3、根据权利要求1所述的薄膜晶体管基板,还包括:欧姆接触层,设置于所述半导体层和数据布线之间且具有与所述半导体层相同的图案。
4、根据权利要求1所述的薄膜晶体管基板,其中所述源电极的一部分从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
5、根据权利要求1所述的薄膜晶体管基板,其中所述源电极不从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
6、根据权利要求1所述的薄膜晶体管基板,其中所述漏电极的一部分从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
7、一种用于显示装置的薄膜晶体管基板,包括:
栅极布线,包括栅电极;
数据布线,包括数据线;连接到所述数据线的源电极和连接到像素电极的漏电极;以及
半导体层,设置于所述栅极布线和数据布线之间且形成所述源电极和漏电极之间的沟道区,
其中与所述漏电极重叠的半导体层设置于所述栅电极的区域内,且所述源电极下的半导体层与所述栅电极重叠并从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
8、根据权利要求7所述的薄膜晶体管基板,其中所述源电极的一部分从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
9、根据权利要求7所述的薄膜晶体管基板,其中所述半导体层包括非晶硅。
10、根据权利要求7所述的薄膜晶体管基板,还包括:欧姆接触层,设置于所述半导体层和数据布线之间且具有与所述半导体层相同的图案。
11、根据权利要求7所述的薄膜晶体管基板,其中所述源电极不从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
12、根据权利要求7所述的薄膜晶体管基板,其中所述漏电极的一部分从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
13、一种用于显示装置的TFT基板的制造方法,包括:
形成包括栅电极的栅极布线;
在所述栅极布线上形成部分与所述栅电极重叠的半导体层;以及
在所述半导体层的上方形成源电极和漏电极,所述源电极下的半导体层与所述栅电极重叠并从所述栅电极的区域向外延伸,且所述漏电极下的半导体层设置于所述栅电极的区域内。
14、根据权利要求13所述的制造方法,其中所述源电极的一部分从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
15、根据权利要求13所述的制造方法,其中所述半导体层包括非晶硅。
16、根据权利要求13所述的制造方法,还包括:形成欧姆接触层,所述欧姆接触层设置于所述半导体层和数据布线之间且具有与所述半导体层相同的图案。
17、根据权利要求13所述的制造方法,其中所述源电极不从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
18、根据权利要求13所述的制造方法,其中所述漏电极的一部分从所述栅电极的所述区域向外延伸。
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