CN100398815C - 具有入口闸门的近海风力设备 - Google Patents

具有入口闸门的近海风力设备 Download PDF

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CN100398815C
CN100398815C CNB2005800037842A CN200580003784A CN100398815C CN 100398815 C CN100398815 C CN 100398815C CN B2005800037842 A CNB2005800037842 A CN B2005800037842A CN 200580003784 A CN200580003784 A CN 200580003784A CN 100398815 C CN100398815 C CN 100398815C
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艾劳埃斯·乌本
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/50Maintenance or repair
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/912Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/913Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a mast
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727Offshore wind turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728Onshore wind turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S416/00Fluid reaction surfaces, i.e. impellers
    • Y10S416/06Supports for natural fluid current motors

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种风力设备,包括塔架(10)和位于所述塔架上的带有入口门(100)的入口以及位于所述风力设备的塔架内部的内部空间(101c),在该内部空间(101c)中设置有所述风力设备的电气或电子部件,其中,在所述入口门(100)与所述内部空间(101c)之间设置有闸门(101a,104,106),以防止在打开入口门(100)时进入的水或含盐的空气或潮湿的空气中的至少之一进入到所述内部空间(101c)内,其中所述闸门(101a)具有排出部(105),进入所述闸门的水通过所述排出口排出。

Description

具有入口闸门的近海风力设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种风力设备,尤其是一种用于近海区域的风力设备。
背景技术
风力设备通常具有入口,并且公知地,电气或电子部件设置在该风力设备的内部。该情况可发生在所称的E室中或在多个这样的室中,典型地,电气或电子部件为逆变器、控制装置、变压器、测量装置等,即,现今已安装在风力设备的内部的装置,用以一方面传输电流而另一方面对该设备进行监控、控制、调节等等。
作为近海项目检验这种风力设备时,可以预想到,至少当该风力设备架在海水中时,在打开风力设备的入口时海水和/或含盐的空气会进入该装置的内部。尽管该入口相对高出海平面,但很潮湿且含盐很多的空气还是能进入该装置的内部。
因此,已采用了完全去掉塔架上的入口并且将该入口移至风力设备的吊舱中的方案,在这种情况下,设置有用于借助于直升机登陆到吊舱上或至少放下工作人员的装置。
DE 198 59 628 C1公开了一种近海风力设备,其中风力设备的空心部件具有增大了的空气压力。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,克服以前的困难并且避免不利情况,特别是即使在天气恶劣到不再能借助于直升机的飞行时,也能允许人员照常到达该设备。
本发明提供一种风力设备,包括塔架和位于所述塔架上的带有入口门的入口以及位于所述风力设备的塔架内部的内部空间,在该内部空间中设置有所述风力设备的电气或电子部件,其中,在所述入口门与所述内部空间之间设置有闸门,以防止在打开入口门时进入的水或含盐的空气或潮湿的空气中的至少之一进入到所述内部空间内,其中所述闸门具有排出部,进入所述闸门的水通过所述排出口排出。
根据本发明,当从该设备的外部观察时,在入口后设置有一闸门。该闸门防止湿气、含盐空气等渗入该设备的内部,并且必要时具有适当的排水装置以在水进入闸门的内部时能向外排水。该闸门优选由塑料材料制成,例如由玻璃纤维增强塑料材料制成,即本来用于制造风力设备(例如转子叶片)的材料制成。同时,当工作人员从外部登陆该设备并且想爬上该设备而应当(必须)穿着专用的氯丁橡胶服时,该闸门也可以用作更衣室。
当前,该闸门具有至少两个开口,即,一开口朝着该设备入口而另一开口朝着该设备的内部——即具有电子部件的室(E室)。在该闸门朝向E室的方向打开时,那么空气从该设备的内部被逼出而进入该闸门中,因此人员实际上必须逆着空气流进入E室。来自该设备的内部的空气优选从外部吸入到该吊舱中并且逼入该塔架的内部。
因此,在打开该闸门时,在该设备的内部存在比闸门的内部略微高一些的空气压力,从而可靠地防止该闸门中的任何水或湿气渗入该设备的内部。
如果该闸门由防锈材料——例如塑料材料制成,那么也能可靠地防止整个闸门装置受到渗入的含盐的水或者含盐的空气有害侵蚀。该闸门或其至少一部分可由铝和/或Nirosta(不锈钢)制成。
作为前述结构的另一补充,该闸门也具有自己的喷淋器或卫生装置和休息装置以及急救设备等等。如果一旦较大量的含盐的水或含盐的空气渗入该闸门,那么该闸门例如借助喷淋器可以充分地排出盐份。
附图说明
以下参考附图所示的实施例更详细地说明本发明。在附图中:
图1示出根据第一实施例的风力设备的塔架的入口的外部视图;
图2示出了沿图1中的平面A-A的截面;
图3示出了沿图2中的平面B-B的纵向截面;
图4示出了沿风力设备的塔架的整个下部的放大的横截面,
图5示出了沿图4中的平面C-C的放大的横截面;以及
图6示出了根据第二实施例的、沿图2中的平面B-B的局部纵向截面。
具体实施方式
图1至5示出根据本发明的、具有电力模块的风力设备的细节。在此方面,特别说明了如何在该风力设备的塔架10的外部入口与设置电力模块的电子和电气重要部件的该设备内部101c之间设置闸门,对于整个风力设备用作近海风力设备的情况,该闸门能够防止含盐的空气或海水渗入该设备内部并由此损坏或破坏电气或电子部件。
图1示出风力设备的入口门100的外部视图。该入口门100具有观察窗110。该观察窗110使得例如从关闭的闸门内观察天气情况成为可能。据此,于是能决定是否可以离开风力设备。在闸门的下部区域设置有开口105,通过该开口闸门内部的水能再直接排出到外部。
图2放大地再次示出了图1中平面A-A的部分,并示出了图5的闸门入口室的一部分。在此也可看到平台101和通向外部的门100。此外设置有另一门106,通过该门能进入风力设备的内部。
图3示出了沿图2中平面B-B的纵向截面。因此,图3也示出图4的另一详细视图。在这里能够清楚地看到闸门入口室101a的地板固定在塔架内部自身上,并且,该地板优选是能渗透湿气的,使得当打开该入口门100而使得溅起的水或类似物进入闸门入口室101a时,能通过地板排出。在优选构造为格栅形式的地板的下面有不能透水的板101b,该板朝塔架壁向外倾斜。因此,在溅起的水或来自工作人员服装的湿气穿过该格栅滴落入该空间时,水能经板101b穿过开口105向外直接流出。
如在图5但也能在图3和2中看到的,闸门入口室101a能被另一门106关闭。该门将闸门入口室101a与具有上面已描述的卫生装置的闸门中心室分隔,其中该门也优选是防湿和防水的。
图4是下部塔架10的局部纵向截面图,其示出不同的层级,在某些情况下,电力模块在以这些层级进行细分,而在图4的右上方示出通向塔架内部的外部入口。该入口通常是舱门100或在所有情况下能关闭的门。如从图4已看到的,平台101从该门100基本上垂直于塔架壁10向内延伸,平台101优选直接连接到塔架10,使得在该塔架被建造好之后就能走上该平台。
图5示出了从图4中所示结构的上部观察得到视图,从中可以看到管模块7及门100和平台101。在该平台的侧方具有另一些平台102,优选是格栅状的,这些平台也固定地安装到塔架壁10上,这使得可以在建造风力设备后的早期阶段,人员已经能穿过门100经过上述平台101和102达到设置在塔架中的梯子103。
可在俯视图中看到,但也能在图4中看到,直接与平台101邻接并朝向塔架内部的是一个室,该室可选地与设置在平台101上面的室一起形成封闭的闸门101a。在图5中用阴影示出了该闸门室101a的表面。
工作人员从外部进入该室并且能够在该室中更换服装或者至少在那里短时间停留。卫生设备也安装在该室中。在该闸门室中存在另一门104、106,其可以通向塔架的内部,更准确地说是通向电力模块设备的各个部件。
门104和106优选室防湿的,使得在一些情况下湿气即使进入该闸门室,也不能通过门104和106进入该设备的内部。此外,该门也可以有防烟特性,以便相对于该设备的内部以防烟的或气密的关系封闭该闸门。由此,在塔架中出现烟雾的情况下,该闸门能够用作应急室,提供保护免受有毒气体的侵害。
在风力设备的内部设置了用于控制风力设备内的空气压力的装置。在这方面,空气压力优选以如下方式来控制,即,使得风力设备内的空气压力高于闸门内部101a中的空气压力,以便在打开该闸门时防止水或湿气渗入该设备的内部。为此,风力设备内部的空气优选从吊舱外部吸入并且逼入塔架的内部。
图6示出根据第二实施例的、沿图2中平面B-B的局部纵向截面。在这样的情况下,第二实施例基本上基于图1至5所示的第一实施例。因此图6示出具有入口门100的风力设备的塔架10,该入口门100通入闸门室101a。在该构造中,闸门室101a具有地板101b、壁101d和顶板101e。在这样的情况下,这些壁表示该闸门101a的内壁。也示出了相对于内壁以预定的间隔设置的外壁101g。隔离材料101f设置在内壁101b、101d、101e与外壁101g之间的中间空间中。外壁101g优选由钢制成而闸门的内壁优选由玻璃纤维增强塑料材料GFK制成。隔离材料101f优选地是隔绝材料的形式,例如在建筑物中公知的隔绝材料。因此,该隔离材料101f例如可以由矿毛绝缘纤维、玻璃绒等制成。可替换地,其也可以使用其它隔离材料,该隔离材料是热的不良导体并且同时是保温的或者耐热的。
由于在风力设备的内部的闸门壁的多壳层结构,在风力设备中着火的情况下闸门区域可以用作应急避难室。因此,闸门室101a一方面是防烟的而另一方面是防火的。这样,选择钢作为闸门区域的外壁101g提供了一种不能燃烧的材料。但是由于钢是热的良导体,除了外壁101g外,设置有隔离材料或隔绝材料101f以及闸门101a的内壁101b、101d和101e,其中内壁不是由钢制成的,而是优选由对含盐的海洋空气不敏感的材料制成的。

Claims (10)

1.一种风力设备,包括塔架(10)和位于所述塔架上的带有入口门(100)的入口以及位于所述风力设备的塔架内部的内部空间(101c),在该内部空间(101c)中设置有所述风力设备的电气或电子部件,
其中,在所述入口门(100)与所述内部空间(101c)之间设置有闸门(101a,104,106),以防止在打开入口门(100)时进入的水或含盐的空气或潮湿的空气中的至少之一进入到所述内部空间(101c)内,其中所述闸门(101a)具有排出部(105),进入所述闸门的水通过所述排出口排出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的风力设备,其中,所述闸门(101a,101b,104,106)由防锈的材料形成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的风力设备,其中,所述闸门(101a,101b,104,106)由塑料材料或者玻璃纤维增强塑料材料之一形成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的风力设备,其中,所述闸门(101a)设置为还用作更衣室。
5.根据权利要求1所述的风力设备,其中,所述闸门(101a)直接连接到所述塔架(10)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的风力设备,其中,所述闸门(101a)具有第二门(104,106),所述第二门通向所述内部空间(101c),所述第二门(104,106)是防烟的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的风力设备,其中,所述闸门(101a)具有内壁(101b,101d,101e)和外壁(101g),隔绝材料(101f)设置在所述内壁(101b,101d,101e)与所述外壁(101g)之间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的风力设备,其中,所述隔绝材料(101f)是耐热并且是热的不良导体。
9.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的风力设备,其中,在所述风力设备内部安装有用于控制所述风力设备内的空气压力的装置。
10.根据权利要求9所述的风力设备,其中,所述用于控制空气压力的装置设置为所述设备的内部的空气压力大于所述闸门中的空气压力。
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