CN100393672C

CN100393672C - Active additive for promoting agricultural waste material compost decomposition and its application

Info

Publication number: CN100393672C
Application number: CNB2005100317046A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郁红艳; 曾光明; 黄国和; 黄红丽
Original assignee: Hunan University
Current assignee: Hunan University
Priority date: 2005-06-15
Filing date: 2005-06-15
Publication date: 2008-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 2025-06-15
Also published as: CN1724485A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an enzyme liquid processing of agricultural waste compost. Active additive of the present invention for promoting the decomposition of the agricultural waste compost in a high speed is composite enzyme liquid of fermentation liquid which is generated by mixed fermentation of bacillus, aspergillus niger, trichoderma and blue mould according to the proportion, and at the beginning of the agricultural waste compost, the liquid fermentation liquid is directly added according to 0.5% to 1 % of the raw material weight of the compost after filtered. The active additive contains a large quantity of pectase and cellulase, which can promote the degradation of pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose, etc. in one fermentation stage; plant cell wall tissues are destructed, microorganisms are easy to attack cellulose and lignin in a high temperature stage and a decomposition stage, and the present invention reaches the effects of accelerating the process of compost decomposition and improving the quality of the compost.

Description

A kind of active additive and application thereof that promotes agricultural waste material compost decomposition

Technical field

The present invention relates to solid waste disposal, be specifically related to a kind of enzyme liquid of agricultural waste material compost decomposition that promotes and handle.

Background technology:

China is large agricultural country, and the annual a large amount of agricultural waste that produce not only influence environment, the wasting of resources especially.Aerobic compost is the important means of agricultural waste resource utilization and harmless treatment, owing to be rich in the lignocellulose of difficult degradation in agricultural waste, the especially crop material, makes it have long, problem such as compost quality is low of composting cycle.The microbe inoculation thalline is the method for the present promotion compost process of using always, in the patent of invention " twice microbe inoculation composite fungus agent composting process " of ZL 03118137.6, proposition is added 1# composite fungus agent and 2# composite fungus agent respectively at the temperature-fall period of hot stage and Secondary Fermentation, bring into play their ligocellulose degradation's ability, promote the quick composting of compost.But the method for inoculating thalline at present all is based on ligocellulose degradation and mainly occurs in hot stage and become thoroughly decomposed the stage, thereby is played a role by thermophilic actinomycete, middle temperature fungi respectively.Generally all think and do not degrade, take method to promote the hardly degraded organic substance degraded not see that to accelerate the compost process report is arranged in this stage at compost one time fermentation initial stage lignocellulose.

Because the cell walls of plant tissue is mainly by mutual chimeric the forming of pectin, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen, pectin, hemicellulose, cellulosic degraded can significantly destroy cell wall structure, strengthen the perviousness of cell walls, so these materials can significantly improve the later stage microorganism to xylogen, cellulosic attack in effective degraded in early stage.In the one time fermentation stage of compost,, can not obviously play the effect of this type of material of degraded this stage interpolation pectin, ligocellulose degradation bacterium owing to contain a large amount of easily biodegradable organicses.Therefore how to impel the lignocellulose mass degradation, must help to quicken becoming thoroughly decomposed of compost at the initial stage of compost fermentation.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the invention is intended to promote hardly degraded organic substances such as pectin, lignocellulose in the degraded of the initial stage in one time fermentation stage, thereby accelerates the composting process, improves the compost final product quality.

The foregoing invention purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of active additive that promotes agricultural waste material compost decomposition is to be prozyme liquid by genus bacillus, aspergillus niger, the wood fermented liquid that contains polygalacturonase, lignocellulose enzyme, zytase and polyphenoloxidase mould, mould mixed fermentation preparation;

The genus bacillus of preparation prozyme liquid, aspergillus niger, wood are mould, the seed liquor of mould is with following volume ratio mixed fermentation:

Genus bacillus 15～20%

Aspergillus niger 30～40%

Wood mould 20～25%

Mould 20～25%.

Promote the application of the active additive of agricultural waste material compost decomposition, will press 0.5～1% of composting material weight at the composting initial stage and add through the fermented liquid of elimination thalline and solid substrate.

Be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings:

The robust fibre degradation rate changes in Fig. 1 composting process;

Rate of emergence changes in Fig. 2 composting process;

The preparation of active additive is through following two steps:

1, seed culture: bacillus, aspergillus niger, wood that purifying is cultivated is mould, mould is cultivated from the inclined-plane of preservation respectively Be seeded to beef-protein medium, Cha Shi culture medium, malt extract medium and potato sucrose culture medium on the base, every Dress culture medium 200ml in the fermentation flask of individual 1L, 35～37 ℃ of cultivation temperature, shaking speed 180～200rpm cultivates 24～36h.

2, fermented and cultured: after above-mentioned seed culture fluid mixed in following ratio, the inoculum concentration with 5～10% is seeded to be sent out In the ferment culture medium.

The seed culture fluid mixed proportion:

Bacillus 15～20%

Aspergillus niger 30～40%

Wood mould 20～25%

Mould 20～25%

Fermented and cultured based component: beancake powder 2～4%, rice straw powder 1～2%, wheat bran 0.75～1%, NH₄NO ₃ 0.5％， CaCl ₂0.2%. The condition of culture of fermentation tank is 35～37 ℃ of temperature, mixing speed 450～550rpm, and throughput 1.1～1.3vvm. After cultivating 3～5d, zymotic fluid namely obtains multi-enzyme system after four layers of filtered through gauze are removed thalline and solid matrix The compost active additive.

It is alive that the active additive of fermentation generation has higher pectase work and lignocellulolyticenzymes as stated above, and pectase work can reach 74～120Uml^-1, xylanase activity can reach 60～100Uml^-1, Filter paper Cellulase work can reach 32～45 Uml^-1, polyphenol oxidase activity can reach 1～3.5Uml^-1 Agricultural wastes are after pulverizing adjusting C/N ratio, with composting material 0.5～1% of weight adds active additive, fully upper heap behind the mixing.

Pectin and wood fibre cellulose content are higher in the agricultural raw material, although these materials are than difficult degradation, owing to them Have certain water stain property, especially raw material after fragmentation, the adding of active additive can effectively start compost initial stage The degraded of pectin and lignocellulosic makes plant tissue cell's wall generation disintegration, helps the later stage lignocellulose degrading bacteria Further effect, lignocellulose degradation speed and degradation rate are improved. The heap body of active additive is arranged after the compost initial stage reaches Stage phase, various degradation effect of organic compound all increased. The compost one time fermentation is processed pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose, wood Quality content is down to 3.19%, 20.24%, 29.05%, 14.13% from 3.61%, 22.31%, 31.02%, 14.38% respectively, Its degradation rate contrast component you can well imagine high 4.99%, 4.08%, 3.16%, 0.97%; Compost secondary fermentation processing pectin, Hemicellulose, Fiber and lignin concentration are respectively 1.4%, 7.25%, 13.86%, 13.03%, its degradation rate comparison You can well imagine high 12.19%, 15.73%, 12.02%, 3.06% according to component. Simultaneously, percentage of seedgermination arrived 80% in 5 days in advance, The compost maturity process is accelerated, and the compost quality of finished improves.

Embodiment:

1, seed culture: subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), viride (Trichoderma viride), simple mould (Penicillium simplicissimum) are seeded to beef-protein medium, Cha Shi substratum, malt extract medium and potato sucrose substratum from slant medium respectively, dress substratum 200ml in the 1L triangular flask, 37 ℃, 200rpm cultivate 30h.

2, fermentation culture: dress fermention medium 4L in the 5L automatic fermenter, with seed culture fluid respectively by 18%, 35%, 22%, 25% mixed, by 8% mixed seeds liquid is seeded to fermentor tank then, under 37 ℃, 500rpm, 1.2vvm condition, cultivates 4d.

3, the fermented liquid that obtains is active additive after removing thalline and solid substrate with four layers of filtered through gauze.After measured, this active additive polygalacturonase is lived and is 78.4Uml ^-1, xylanase activity is 65.9Uml ^-1, the plain enzyme of filter paper fibre is lived and is 42.3Uml ^-1, polyphenol oxidase activity is 2.4Uml ^-1

4, gather Changsha suburb farming refuse, comprise all kinds of dish leaves, stalk etc., regulating C/N with wheat bran after crushed is 25, water ratio is 55%, organic matter is 70%, be that 03118137.6 patent of invention " twice microbe inoculation composite fungus agent composting process " is added composite fungus agent A (pseudomonas aeruginosa Psedomanas aeruginosa25% by number of patent application simultaneously, subtilis Bacillus subtilis 20%, aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus oryzae 25%, Candida lipolytica Candida lipolytica 20%, blown-ball Azotobacter Azotobacter chroococcum 10%), active additive is added raw material with 1% weight ratio, mix the back and go up storehouse formula composting device, the useful volume of device is 0.8m ³After rising to 55～60 ℃, the temperature for the treatment of compost material adds composite fungus agent B (the mould Trichoderma koningii 35% of healthy and free from worry wood, muck cellulomonas cartae Cellulomonas fimi 30%, Phanerochaete chrysosporium Phanerochete chrysosporium 35%).The raw material sources of control treatment are identical with pre-treatment, do not add active additive, and other composting methods are identical.

Detect crude fiber content in the composting process, and detect the seed germination index with the compost vat liquor, the reaction effect of two kinds of different composting process is seen illustrated in figures 1 and 2.

By relatively finding to add in the compositing system active additive, can accelerate coarse-fibred degraded, its degradation rate has improved 11.34%.In addition, active additive can improve the seed germination index, and makes its 5 days in advance to reach 80%, thinks that active additive can accelerate compost maturity, improves composting efficiency and quality of finished.This active additive produce and application method simple, combine simultaneously with the composting process of other microbial inoculants, the better application prospect is arranged.

Claims

1. active additive that promotes agricultural waste material compost decomposition, it is characterized in that this active additive is by genus bacillus, aspergillus niger, wood is mould, mould mixed fermentation preparation contain polygalacturonase, the lignocellulose enzyme, the fermented liquid of zytase and polyphenoloxidase is a prozyme liquid, it is the genus bacillus that purifying is cultivated, aspergillus niger, wood is mould, mould is seeded to beef-protein medium from the slant medium of preservation respectively, the Cha Shi substratum, malt extract medium and potato sucrose substratum, dress substratum 200ml in the fermentation flask of each 1L, 35～37 ℃ of culture temperature, shaking speed 180～200rpm, cultivate 24～36h, get genus bacillus, aspergillus niger, wood is mould, the seed liquor of mould, after more above-mentioned seed liquor being mixed by following volume ratio, inoculum size with 5～10% is seeded to fermentation culture in the fermention medium and gets

Genus bacillus 15～20%

Aspergillus niger 30～40%

Wood mould 20～25%

Mould 20～25%.

2. the application of the active additive of a promotion agricultural waste material compost decomposition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the fermented liquid through elimination thalline and solid substrate, presses 0.5～1% of composting material weight at the composting initial stage and adds.