CN100350609C - 电子控制装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出一种电子控制装置,它具有一个外壳,一个设在外壳内具有控制电路的衬底,尤其是一个混合电路,及至少一个固定在外壳上的具有接触件的装置插头,接触件与衬底的控制电路形成电连接,在外壳中设有在空间上与第一衬底相隔开的第二衬底,在第二衬底上至少设有一个与第一衬底上的控制电路电连接的功率元件及一个与功率元件电连接的连接导体条,该连接导体条与传导功率电流的装置插头的接触件形成电连接。通过该结构可以在装置插头大量接触件的情况下使接触件与衬底的电连接简单容易。此外使导体条布局简化,可实现EMV保护的改善,及改善功率元件产生的热量的散发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电子控制装置,它具有一个外壳;一个设在外壳内具有一个电子控制电路的衬底;及至少一个固定在外壳上的具有接触件的装置插头,接触件与衬底的控制电路形成电连接。
背景技术
由DE 3624845C2公知了一种用于电子点火设备的控制装置,它具有固定在控制装置外壳上的装置插头,该插头具有多个接触件。这些绝缘地穿过外壳的装置插头的接触件在外壳内部与设在混合电路板上的控制电路通过连接导线相连接,并在外壳外部构成插销的形式,它们可与相应结构的电缆束插座的对应接触件相联接。这样一种控制装置通常安装在机动车的发动机室中。通过电缆束插座形成与发动机部件、如点火线圈,设在发动机上的传感器或调节元件的电连接或形成与设在机动车其它地方的部件的电连接。
该公知现有技术中的缺点是,对于控制装置不同功能所需的全部元件及所属的连接导线条均设置在控制装置中所设的混合电路板上。因为一些这样的元件、尤其是功率元件或电容器相对地大,它们需要占据混合电路板上面许多位置。此外,如功率末级需要低阻的连接导体,其中部分导体条过于冗长地导向这些大元件,这使得电磁相容性变差,使导体条的布置变得困难,并导致不希望的混合电路板不希望的增大。元件、例如点火晶体管被焊在支承组件上,后者再安装并连接到衬底上,由此使位置需要量进一步增大。但是,现在希望控制装置不断变小的愿望在持续增长,因在发动机室中控制装置只能占据很小的位置。对此困难在于,控制装置的装置插头总是具有很多接触件,它们必须与混合电路板上的端子相连接,由此使得在混合电路板缩小的情况下,将所有的端子与装置插头直接相邻地设置在混合电路板上变得愈加困难。在此情况下尤其不利的是,必须布置用以传导比信号电流大的功率电流的功率元件连接导体条,并由此它们具有更大的横截面,以致使得混合电路板的位置需要量随着功率元件连接导体条数目的增大而更加增大。
此外,必须使功率元件产生的热量排放到控制装置外壳上,以避免过热。由于陶瓷的多层衬底,如LTCC衬底具有差的导热性,为此通常这样地实现散热,即在衬底中设置散热铆接片,即所谓的热通路(Vias)。随着热通路数目的增加,多层衬底上导体条布置分割的成本增大。
发明内容
按照本发明,提出了一种电子控制装置,具有一个外壳;一个设在外壳内具有一个电子控制电路的衬底;及至少一个固定在外壳上的具有接触件的装置插头,接触件与衬底的控制电路形成电连接,其中,在外壳中设有在空间上与第一衬底相隔开的第二衬底,在第二衬底上设有至少一个与第一衬底上的控制电路电连接的功率元件及一个与功率元件电连接的连接导体条,该导体条与传导功率流的装置插头的接触件形成电连接。
本发明的控制装置以令人满意的结果避免了上述缺点。通过在控制装置外壳中设置第二衬底,在该衬底上布置功率元件及它们的连接导体条,可有利地作到,在具有大量接触件的多极装置插头的情况下,接触件与电子电路的连接通过灵活的导体条布置而变得容易。大的元件、例如钽电容器,功率元件、如点火晶体管可以不用附加的支承组件被直接地安装在第二衬底上。由此可使第一衬底作得较小,这尤其在昂贵的LTCC衬底(低温共烧结陶瓷)的情况下是合乎要求的。特别有利的是第二衬底可用与第一衬底不同的另一材料来制作。因此,例如可用设有混合电路的LTCC衬底作为第一衬底,用一种价格便宜的DBC衬底(直接连接铜衬底)作为第二衬底。因为在DBC衬底上制造大面积的金属导体条已无任何困难,通过DBC衬底上低电阻的连接导体条可有利地使功率电流传导到设在那里的功率元件。由此不仅使导体条的布局变得简单,而且此外也达到了电磁相容性(EMV保护)的改善。此外具有这样的可能性,即第二衬底由良好导热材料如AlO2来制造,以便改善由功率元件产生的热量的发散,而不必为此设置热通路。
本发明的另外有利构型及进一步的结构通过下面描述的特征来解决。
因此,特别有利的是,在设有两个具有接触件的装置插头的电子控制装置中,一些接触件用于功率电流的传导并且必须没有中间接上元件地通过该控制装置被接通,因此在第二衬底上附加设有馈通导体条,它直接地使两个插头的接触件彼此相连接。由此可以有利地作到,无需汇流母线或与其相连接的高成本的电缆连接就能通过控制装置馈通功率电流。
第二衬底在控制装置壳内与第一衬底分开地布置,及至少一个装置插头中的接触件必须与这两个衬底相连接,第二衬底的连接导体条及馈通导体条通过连接导线与接触件相连接,对于小距离的跨接这是有利的。为此,第二衬底设置在至少一个装置插头的传导功率电流的大电流接触件的附近。
此外,有利的是,也可在第二衬底上设置传导功率电流的导体,它们例如可通过连接导线与第一衬底上的接触面相连接,后者又可以短的路径与第一衬底上的功率元件形成电连接。
另外,在第一衬底上的导体条的布置可以有利地简化,在第二衬底上除传导功率电流的导体条外还设置一些传导信号电流的导体条。由此可使信号电流从一个装置插头的接触件经由第二衬底以简单的方式传导到较远的第一衬底上的电路部分。
有利之处还在于,大的元件,如钽电容器可直接地安装在第二衬底上并在那里与导体条的端部相连接,因为这种元件否则会在第一衬底上占据太多的位置。
此外,有利的是,设置DBC衬底(直接连接铜衬底)作为第二衬底,它可价格适宜及简单地被制造并具有良好的导热性。这种衬底对于极端负荷峰值的热散发是特别适合的。单个元件、例如阳极在衬底正面或反面的芯片二极管可借助连接选择被装在DBC衬底上,并由此可被灵活地装入。
此外,有利的是,第二衬底是一个带有由银构成的导体条结构的AlO2陶瓷衬底。
此外,有利的是,在第二衬底上至少设有一个与馈通导体条及连接导体条绝缘的芯片二极管元件,其中,可选择地设置带有在二极管元件的朝向第二衬底的下侧的阳极或阴极的二极管元件。所述电子控制电路是一个混合电路。
附图说明
在附图中表示出本发明的一个实施例,在以下的说明中将详细加以说明。
图1概要地表示一个控制装置内部各部分的一个截面图,其中具有一个混合电路,一个DBC衬底及两个固定安装在装置壳体上的装置插头。
具体实施方式
图1概要地表示一个控制装置的外壳1的内部部分,该控制装置例如被使用在机动车中作为内燃机的电子点火控制装置。外壳1包括一个未示出的环形侧壁和一个带有粘在其上的衬底2的底部分。外壳1可用一个未示出的盖关闭,以使得衬底2被保护地安置在外壳中。最好,该衬底2是一个设有微混合电路的LTCC衬底。但它也可以是另外的陶瓷衬底或印刷电路板衬底。在LTCC衬底上设有电子控制电路,它具有组件17,例如电阻、电容、IC’s或微处理器,以及与它们相连接的、但在图1中未示出的导体线路,该线路以公知方式由在LTCC衬底上或衬底中的导电焊剂作成。在衬底2的上侧上设有连接面12,13,用于电路和两个装置插头4,5的电连接。装置插头4,5分别在外壳1底部分的一个开口中在衬底2的相反对置侧上被装入并具有多个构成插头脚的接触件10。接触件10在离开衬底的外壳1的外侧上从外壳中伸出并在那里可与相应结构的对应插座的接触件相联接。与装置插头4的对应插座、即所谓发动机插座相连接的是一个电缆束,它例如与机动车的点火线圈相连接。与第二装置插头5的对应插座、即所谓机动车插座相连接的是另一电缆束,它与机动车内的电池、传感器、温度传感器及另外组件相连接。
为传导信号电流设置的装置插头4,5中的接触件10通过金制的细连接导线30与衬底2上的连接面12相连接,连接导线30在图1中以细线表示。在装置插头的接触件10中设有一些用于传导功率电流的接触件11,其上连接了铝制的粗连接导线40、41、42。在图1中可以看到,传导大部分功率电流的装置插头4的接触件11通过连接导线42与第二衬底3上的连接导体条21相连接。第二衬底3是作为DBC衬底或AlO2衬底构成的,并在外壳1中设置在第一衬底2旁边及两个装置插头4,5之间。第二衬底3上的连接导体条20、21、23是由铜或银制成的大面积金属导体条。在图1中还可看到,连接导体条21的与连接导线42背离的另一端被构造成大面积的连接面21’。在每个连接面21’上直接地安置作为功率元件的一个点火晶体管60,其中该晶体管下侧面上的集电极连接到其所属的连接导体条21。每个晶体管60的发射极62通过连接导线43接地。每个晶体管60的基极61通过连接导线45与第一衬底2上的电路相连接。有利的是,功率元件60的功率电流通过金属连接导体条21直接地传导到连接导线42及装置插头4的接触件11,并从那里通过发动机侧电缆束传导到点火线圈。
如在图1中还可以看到的,一些传导功率电流的接触件11还附加地以传统方式通过连接导线40与混合衬底2上的接触面13相连接或通过连接导线46与外壳1相连接。
此外,在图1中的DBC衬底3上设有一个馈通导体条20。馈通导体条20的朝着装置插头5的端部区域20’通过一根连接导线41与装置插头5的一个大电流接触件11相连接。该馈通导体条20的另一端部区域20”通过一根连接导线42与接触件11导电地相连接,而不中间接另外的元件。这里,起决定性作用的是,经过馈通导体条20直接地、即不中间接元件地使大功率电流穿过该控制装置传导或“接通”。
此外设有导体条23,它的一个端部区域23’通过多根连接导线41与第二装置插头5的传导功率电流的接触件11相连接,并且其相反对置的另一端部区域23”通过一根连接导线44与第一衬底2上的连接面14相连接,该连接面再与未示出的第一衬底上的功率元件形成导电连接。因为连接面块14位于端部区域23’相反对置的混合电路2的端部,因此可以作到,功率电流基本上通过导体条23可被传导到第一衬底2上与连接面块14相连接的功率元件。导体条23的与连接面14相连的端部23”区域还与设在DBC衬底端部区域中的电容器50相连接,通过该电容器使干扰电流传导到连接面块25上并且从那里通过一个连接导线传到外壳1上。
此外可以作到,在第二衬底3上也附加地设置一个传导信号电流的导体条(在图1中未示出),它的一个端部与装置插头(4,5)的一个接触件(10)相连接,它的另一端部与第一衬底(2)上的电路端子形成导电连接。由此使第一衬底2上导体条的布局进一步简化。
此外,还设置了限制电压峰值的芯片二极管元件70。如图1中所示地,芯片二极管元件70的上侧或下侧的阳极被设置在DBC-衬底3的一个导体条22上。该二极管的两个极通过连接导线47和48与导体条23及与外壳底部1相连接。在更换二极管极性时该二极管将通过连接导线47与机壳1相连接及通过连接导线48与导体条23相连接。
Claims (12)
1、电子控制装置,具有一个外壳(1);一个设在外壳内具有一个电子控制电路的衬底(2);及至少一个固定在外壳(1)上的具有接触件(10,11)的装置插头(4),接触件与该衬底(2)的控制电路形成导电连接,其特征是:所述衬底(2)是一个第一衬底(2),在外壳(1)中设有在空间上与该第一衬底(2)相隔开的第二衬底(3),在第二衬底上设有至少一个与第一衬底(2)上的控制电路电连接的功率元件(60)及一个与该功率元件(60)导电连接的连接导体条(21),该导体条与所述装置插头(4)的一个传导功率电流的接触件(11)导电连接。
2、根据权利要求1的电子控制装置,其特征在于:所述装置插头(4)是一个第一装置插头(4),在外壳(1)上设有具有接触件(10,11)的第二装置插头(5);及在第二衬底(3)上至少设有一个延伸在第一装置插头(4)及第二装置插头(5)之间的馈通导体条(20),该馈通导体条与装置插头(4、5)的传导功率电流的接触件(11)形成电连接,在该馈通导体条与所述传导功率电流的接触件(11)之间没有连接元件。
3、根据权利要求2的电子控制装置,其特征在于:第二衬底(3)的连接导体条(21)及馈通导体条(20)与至少一个装置插头(4、5)的传导功率电流的接触件(11)的电连接以及至少一个功率元件(60)与第一衬底(2)上的控制电路的电连接是通过连接导线(41,42,45)来实现的。
4、根据权利要求1的电子控制装置,其特征在于:第二衬底(3)的连接导体条(21)与所述至少一个装置插头(4)的传导功率电流的接触件(11)的电连接以及至少一个功率元件(60)与第一衬底(2)上的控制电路的电连接是通过连接导线(41,42,45)来实现的。
5、根据权利要求1的电子控制装置,其特征在于:在第二衬底(3)上附加地设置了传导功率电流的导体条(23),它的一端(23’)与一个装置插头(4、5)的传导功率电流的接触件(11)导电连接并且它的另一端(23”)与第一衬底(2)上的接触面(14)形成电连接。
6、根据权利要求1或2的电子控制装置,其特征在于:在第二衬底(3)上附加地设置了传导信号电流的导体条,它的一个端部与一个装置插头(4、5)的一个接触件(10)相连接,及它的另一端部与第一衬底(2)上的电路端子形成电连接。
7、根据权利要求2的电子控制装置,其特征在于:第二衬底(3)的馈通导体条(20)在其一个端部区域(20”)上装设了一个电容器(50)。
8、根据权利要求5的电子控制装置,其特征在于:第二衬底(3)的附加导体条(23)在其一个端部区域(23”)上装设了一个电容器(50)。
9、根据权利要求1或2的电子控制装置,其特征在于:第二衬底(3)是一个DBC衬底,它由一个良好导热的陶瓷载体板组成,该载体板的表面上尤其是设有由铜组成的金属导体条结构。
10、根据权利要求1或2的电子控制装置,其特征在于:第二衬底(3)是一个带有由银构成的导体条结构的AlO2陶瓷衬底。
11、根据权利要求2的电子控制装置,其特征在于:在第二衬底(3)上至少设有一个与馈通导体条(20)及连接导体条(21)绝缘的芯片二极管元件(70),其中,可选择地设置带有在二极管元件的朝向第二衬底的下侧的阳极或阴极的二极管元件。
12、根据权利要求1的电子控制装置,其特征在于:所述电子控制电路是一个混合电路。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE1997127548 DE19727548A1 (de) | 1997-06-28 | 1997-06-28 | Elektronisches Steuergerät |
DE19727548.6 | 1997-06-28 |
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CN1234910A CN1234910A (zh) | 1999-11-10 |
CN100350609C true CN100350609C (zh) | 2007-11-21 |
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CNB988009021A Expired - Fee Related CN100350609C (zh) | 1997-06-28 | 1998-03-04 | 电子控制装置 |
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US (1) | US6205031B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0935818B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4074347B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100525936B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100350609C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19727548A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999000845A1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO1999000845A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
DE19727548A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
EP0935818A1 (de) | 1999-08-18 |
KR20000068216A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
US6205031B1 (en) | 2001-03-20 |
KR100525936B1 (ko) | 2005-11-08 |
WO1999000845A8 (de) | 1999-06-10 |
DE59814138D1 (de) | 2008-01-24 |
EP0935818B1 (de) | 2007-12-12 |
JP2001507522A (ja) | 2001-06-05 |
JP4074347B2 (ja) | 2008-04-09 |
CN1234910A (zh) | 1999-11-10 |
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