CN100350141C - 可选择不同燃料来运行的、尤其用于驱动汽车的内燃机 - Google Patents

可选择不同燃料来运行的、尤其用于驱动汽车的内燃机 Download PDF

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CN100350141C
CN100350141C CNB018194095A CN01819409A CN100350141C CN 100350141 C CN100350141 C CN 100350141C CN B018194095 A CNB018194095 A CN B018194095A CN 01819409 A CN01819409 A CN 01819409A CN 100350141 C CN100350141 C CN 100350141C
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combustion engine
internal
fuel
pressure
charge compressor
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CN1476513A (zh
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安德烈亚斯·贾奥斯
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Adam Opel GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种可选择具有不同能量密度的不同燃料、例如汽油或天然气来运行的内燃机(1)，为了尤其在采用这种内燃机来驱动一辆汽车时能平衡补偿不同的功率输出，本发明在内燃机采用天然气运行时实行增压运行，为此可采用一个本身早已公知的涡轮增压器(5)或一个由外部驱动装置驱动的增压压气机。因此，即便一辆汽车选择采用不同能量密度的不同燃料来运行，都能获得相同的行驶性能。

Description

可选择不同燃料来运行的、尤其用于驱动汽车的内燃机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可选择不同燃料来运行的、尤其用于驱动汽车的内燃机，其中，各种燃料具有不同的能量密度，例如天然气和汽油。
背景技术
已知一种普通的活塞式发动机在用天然气运行时的功率要较其用汽油来运行时的功率低大约15％。这基本上适用于内燃机的整个功率频谱。
在使用这样一种内燃机作为汽车的发动机时，当需要满负荷、而正在用能量密度较小的燃料来运行时，驾驶员始终会对于这种不同的功率输出特性(Leistungsentfaltung)感觉不适。
德国专利公开说明书DE 195 39 170 A1为弥补这一缺陷给出了建议，在需求高功率时该内燃机自动转换到用较高能量密度的燃料来运行以满足相应的功率需求。
但这种解决方案只有在两种能量密度的燃料在车上有足够储备时才适用。当已消耗掉较高能量密度的燃料时，就不能通过转换到用这类燃料运行来弥补功率缺乏。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种可选择不同燃料来运行的内燃机，它可以利用所提供的燃料来获得近似相同的功率。
按照本发明，上述技术问题按下述方式来解决：给内燃机配备一个增压压气机，该增压压气机在利用较低能量密度的燃料的情况下至少在更高的功率需求时被接通，从而该内燃机作为增压内燃机来工作，在利用较高能量密度的燃料的情况下则关闭该增压压气机。
该增压压气机在此可设计成增压机，它被一个由内燃机废气驱动的透平机驱动。它们合称为废气涡轮增压机。
该增压压气机同样也可通过内燃机本身来驱动，或者也可通过另一个外部驱动装置、例如一个电动机来驱动。
本发明提供了一种内燃机，它在选择利用不同能量密度的备择燃料来运行时有近似不变的功率特性曲线族。这在利用内燃机来驱动汽车时具有重要意义，因为这样一种汽车的行驶性能独立于所采用的燃料而保持不变。因此，当在这种汽车上采用一种自动变速器时，不需要为分别采用的不同燃料类型设置不同的转换特性曲线。
附图说明
下面借助一幅附图对本发明的一种实施方式予以详细说明。该附图概略地示出一种本发明内燃机的构造。
具体实施方式
一个活塞式发动机1具有一进气管2和一排气管。在排气管3的管线上设有一废气涡轮机4。在进气管2的管线上设有一增压机5。废气涡轮机4和增压机5支承在同一根轴上(这用点划线6表示)，由此构成一个本身早已公知的废气涡轮增压机。所述废气涡轮机4具有一根废气旁通管路7，在该管路上设有一废气旁通阀8。该增压机5也配备有一根新气旁通管路9，在其管路上也设有一新气旁通阀10。
一个燃料箱11用于容装一种液态燃料，例如汽油。该燃料箱11通过一根燃料管12与一燃料计量系统13相连。从该燃料计量系统13又引出另一段燃料管14通往活塞式发动机1的进气管2。在这段燃料管14中设有用于阻断及打开燃料管11的器件15。
此外，设有一个用于容装一种气态燃料例如天然气的燃气箱16。该燃气箱16通过一根燃气管17与一个燃气计量系统18相连。从该燃气计量系统18又引出另一段燃气管19通往活塞式发动机1的进气管2。在这另一段燃气管19中设有用于阻断及打开燃气管17的器件20。
所述器件15或20优选设计成电控阀。
在废气管3的管线中，在废气涡轮机4的下游设有一个用于减少有害废气成分的催化器21。
所述废气旁通阀8、新气旁通阀10和设在燃料管12或燃气管17中的用于阻断及打开相关管道的器件15及20由一个图中没有示出的电动机控制系统来控制，该电动机控制系统通过传感器来识别活塞式发动机1当时所期望的运行状态。
假如该活塞式发动机1用汽油来运行，所述新气旁通阀10以及废气旁通阀8就打开，在燃气管17中的器件20则关闭，而燃料管12中的器件15则打开。活塞式发动机1就象纯粹的自然吸气式(无增压)发动机那样利用燃料箱11中的汽油来运行。
假如该活塞式发动机1用天然气来运行，在燃料管12中的器件15就关闭，而燃气管17中的器件20则打开。为了补偿因燃气运行相对于汽油运行有更低的能量密度所导致的内燃机的功率下降，废气旁通阀8以及新气旁通阀10关闭。废气涡轮机4运行并驱动增压机5。活塞式发动机1的进气量由此变得比自然吸气式运行时更大，这样一来，尽管采用天然气作为燃料，功率仍然能增长到和汽油运行时相同的值。
在将这样一种内燃机应用在一辆汽车上时，除了以汽油作为燃料外，还可另外采用天然气来替代汽油作为燃料并能保持与汽油运行时相同的行驶性能。

Claims (5)

1.一种可选择具有不同能量密度的不同燃料来运行的、用于驱动汽车的内燃机，其特征在于，该内燃机配备有一个增压压气机，该增压压气机在利用较低能量密度的燃料的情况下至少在更高的功率需求时被接通，使得该内燃机作为增压内燃机来工作，而在利用较高能量密度的燃料的情况下则关闭该增压压气机，该内燃机作为自然吸气式发动机来工作。
2.如权利要求1所述的内燃机，其特征在于，所述增压压气机是由一个废气涡轮机(4)驱动的增压机(5)。
3.如权利要求1所述的内燃机，其特征在于，所述增压压气机由所述内燃机来驱动。
4.如权利要求1所述的内燃机，其特征在于，所述增压压气机由一个外部驱动装置来驱动。
5.如权利要求4所述的内燃机，其特征在于，所述用于驱动增压压气机的外部驱动装置是一个电动机。
CNB018194095A 2000-12-14 2001-11-30 可选择不同燃料来运行的、尤其用于驱动汽车的内燃机 Expired - Fee Related CN100350141C (zh)

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DE10062391.3 2000-12-14
DE10062391A DE10062391A1 (de) 2000-12-14 2000-12-14 Mit verschiedenen Kraftstoffen wahlweise betreibbare Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere für einen Kraftfahrzeugantrieb

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DE (2) DE10062391A1 (zh)
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US6845616B2 (en) 2005-01-25
CN1476513A (zh) 2004-02-18
WO2002048528A1 (de) 2002-06-20
DE50110512D1 (de) 2006-08-31
EP1343959A1 (de) 2003-09-17
BR0116144A (pt) 2003-10-21
ES2269298T3 (es) 2007-04-01
DE10062391A1 (de) 2002-06-20
US20040144371A1 (en) 2004-07-29
JP2004515704A (ja) 2004-05-27
AU2002219005A1 (en) 2002-06-24
JP4163505B2 (ja) 2008-10-08
EP1343959B1 (de) 2006-07-19
PT1343959E (pt) 2006-12-29

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