CH682978A5 - Vorrichtung zum Ausbringen von Blutgerinnseln aus Arterien und Venen. - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Ausbringen von Blutgerinnseln aus Arterien und Venen. Download PDFInfo
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- CH682978A5 CH682978A5 CH2810/90A CH281090A CH682978A5 CH 682978 A5 CH682978 A5 CH 682978A5 CH 2810/90 A CH2810/90 A CH 2810/90A CH 281090 A CH281090 A CH 281090A CH 682978 A5 CH682978 A5 CH 682978A5
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- catheter
- lock
- end piece
- outer catheter
- arteries
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- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 title claims description 18
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 5
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002847 Surgical Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002583 angiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B17/221—Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B2017/22038—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with a guide wire
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B17/221—Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions
- A61B2017/2215—Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions having an open distal end
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2217/00—General characteristics of surgical instruments
- A61B2217/002—Auxiliary appliance
- A61B2217/005—Auxiliary appliance with suction drainage system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
- A61M2025/1043—Balloon catheters with special features or adapted for special applications
- A61M2025/109—Balloon catheters with special features or adapted for special applications having balloons for removing solid matters, e.g. by grasping or scraping plaque, thrombus or other matters that obstruct the flow
Description
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CH 682 978 A5
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Beschreibung
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Ausbringen von Blutgerinnseln aus Arterien und Venen, wobei die Vorrichtung einen Aussenkatheter in Form eines Doppelschleusensystems aufweist, der in ein Blutgefäss einführbar ist. Durch diesen Aussenkatheter kann ein Innenkatheter eingeführt werden, der durch den Aussenkatheter hindurchführbar ist und an seinem distalen Ende in einen aufblähbaren Ballon mündet.
Ein derartiger Innenkatheter ist beipieisweise als Fogarty-Katheter bekannt. Mit einem inneren Führungsdraht ausgestattet, lässt sich der Innenkatheter im nicht aufgeblähten Zustand des Ballons mit diesem durch das Blutgefäss führen und beispielsweise durch einen darin befindlichen Thrombus hin-durchstossen. Darauf kann der Ballon über den Innenkatheter bis auf den Blutgefässdurchmesser aufgeblasen werden und ist dadurch in der Lage, beim Zurückziehen des Innenkatheters den Thrombus vor sich herzuschieben.
Da Thromben und Emboli sich in der Regel über den Querschnitt des Blutgefässes erstrecken, muss zu ihrer sicheren Ausbringung mit Hilfe eines Fo-garty-Katheters eine entspechend grosse Aufwertung der Kathetereinführstelle durch eine chirurgische Schnittöffnung des Gefässes nach vorheriger Freilegung unter operativen Bedingungen, wie Narkose und Blutleere, erfolgen.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art so auszubilden, dass sich damit Thromben und Emboli aus Arterien und Venen über einen allenfalls gering aufzuweitenden Punktionskanal sicher ausbringen lassen.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird von einer Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten gattungsgemässen Art ausgegangen, welche erfindungsgemäss die im kennzeichnenden Teil desselben angegebenen Merkmale aufweist.
Das erfindungsgemässe distale Endstück des Schleusenkatheters lässt sich nach der Passage durch den Aussenkatheter, die vorzugsweise dadurch bewirkt wird, dass der Aussenkatheter nach der Einführung des Schleusenkatheters um die Länge des Endstücks zurückgezogen wird, vorübergehend so aufweiten, dass der Aussendurchmesser des Endstücks sich dem Innendurchmesser des Gefässes angleicht, währenddessen der Querschnitt der Punktionsstelle unverändert klein bleibt. Im so aufgeweiteten Zustand des Endstücks des Schleusenkatheters kann in an sich bekannter Weise das Blutgerinnsel mit Hilfe des aufgeblähten Ballons zerstörungsfrei in das vorzugsweise trichterförmig aufgeweitete distale Ende des Schleusenkatheters hineingezogen und aus diesem nach aussen herausgezogen werden. Sobald alles thrombische Material nach aussen entfernt ist, kann die Aufweitung rückgängig gemacht werden, indem der Schleusenkatheter durch den Aussenkatheter zurückgezogen wird. Dabei in dem Schleusenkatheter noch verbliebene Blutgerinnsel können damit entfernt werden. Damit ist auch die bei Thrombenbergungen mit bekannten Vorrichtungen unvermeidliche Gefahr gebannt, dass Teile des Blutgerinnsels abgeschert werden und im Blutgefäss zurückbleiben. Nach der Bergung des Blutgerinnsels kann auch der Aussenkatheter entfernt und der gerinnungsbedingte Verschluss der ohnehin engen Punktionsstelle durch manuelle Kompression herbeigeführt werden.
Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung enthält das Endstück des Schleusenkatheters ein Geflecht aus Federdrähten oder Kunststoffmonofilen, das von einem elastischen Kunststoff ummantelt oder darin eingebettet ist.
Die Kreuzungswinkel der Federdrähte bzw. der Kunststoffmonofile sind so variierbar, dass sich durch eine elastische Streckung des Endstücks über seine ursprüngliche Länge hinaus der End-stückaussendurchmesser auf den Innendurchmesser des Aussenkatheters reduzieren lässt. Tritt das Endstück über das distale Ende des im Blutgefäss plazierten Aussenkatheters hervor, so verändern sich die Kreuzungswinkel der Federdrähte bzw. der Kunststoffmonofile selbsttätig und bewirken eine dem Innendurchmesser des Blutgefässes ange-passte Durchmesservergrösserung des Endstücks. Verbleibt dieses teilweise innerhalb des Aussenkatheters, so nimmt der über dessen distales Ende vorstehende Teil des Endstücks eine Trichterform ein, in dessen maximalem Öffnungsquerschnitt sich das Blutgerinnsel ohne die Gefahr einer Abscherung von Gerinnselrandpartikeln vollständig mit Hilfe des Ballons hineinziehen lässt. Die Ummantelung oder Einbettung des in seinem Durchmesser aufweit- und wieder verengbaren Geflechts verhindert sowohl eine Verletzung der Innenwandung des Blutgefässes wie auch ein radiales Entweichen von Blutgerinnselpartikeln eines bereits in das Endstück hineinverlagerten Blutgerinnsels. Es versteht sich, dass im Falle einer manschettenförmigen Ummantelung des Geflechts nur eine dünne, sehr flexible Membran in Betracht kommt, die das Expansionsvermögen des Endstücks nur unwesentlich beeinträchtigt.
Nach einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das Endstück des Schleusenkatheters mindestens in Bereich seines distalen Öffnungsquerschnitts doppelwandig ausgebildet sein und einen radialen aufweitbaren Ringraum enthalten.
Wird der Ringraum des über das distale Ende des Aussenkatheters vorgeschobenen Endstücks beispielsweise wie der Ballon am distalen Ende des Innenkatheters über einen dem Innenkatheter vergleichbaren Kanal unter Überdruck gesetzt und aufgeweitet, so entsteht gleichfalls eine trichterförmige Aufweitung am Endstück, deren Aussendurchmesser wiederum dem Innendurchmesser des Blutgefässes entspricht, und das Blutgerinnsel kann ebenso vollständig in das Endstück mit Hilfe des Ballons hineingezogen werden.
Zur erleichterten Durchführung der Thrombem-bolektomie kann es nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorteilhaft sein, den Schleusenkatheter an seinem proximalen Ende mit einem Kupplungsstück zu versehen, woran sich eine Saugeinrichtung an-schliessen lässt.
Schliesslich sieht eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung noch vor, dass der Aussenkatheter und der
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CH 682 978 A5
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Schleusenkatheter durch einen am proximalen Ende angeordneten Klemmring gegen eine Axialverschiebung relativ zueinander fixierbar sind.
Durch deise Ausbildung lässt sich verhindern, dass während der Überführung des Blutgerinnsels in das Endstück dieses vorzeitig in den Aussenkatheter zurückgedrängt und dabei sein Durchmesser reduziert wird, bevor das Gerinnsel vollständig innerhalb des Endstücks plaziert ist.
In der Zeichnung" ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung dargestellt. Es zeigen:
Fig. 1 den Aussenkatheter,
Fig. 2 den Schleusenkatheter,
Fig. 3 den Aussenkatheter mit darin eingeführtem Schleusenkatheter,
Fig. 4 den Aussenkatheter mit darin eingeführtem Schleusenkatheter und darin eingeführtem Innenkatheter (Fogarty-Katheter).
Ein Aussenkatheter 1 ist in konventioneller Weise ausgebildet, mit einem Lueransatz versehen und verfügt über ein Lumen, durch das sich ein Schleusenkatheter 2 hindurchführen lässt.
Der Schleusenkatheter 2 ist mit einem distal fixierten, selbstexpandierenden Endstück 3 versehen, das aus einem tubulären Geflecht aus Federdrähten besteht und von einer nicht dargestellten Be-schichtung oder einer elastischen Membran umgeben ist. Am proximalen Ende des Schleusenkatheters 2 ist ein Kupplungsstück 4 zum Anschluss einer nicht dargestellten Saugeinrichtung vorgesehen.
Durch den Schleusenkatheter 2 ist ein Innenkatheter 5 hindurchführbar, der an seinem distalen Ende mit einem aufblähbaren Ballon 6 versehen ist.
Im übrigen sind die Katheter an ihren proximalen Enden mit konventionellen Lueransätzen versehen, in deren Bereich zwischen dem Aussenkatheter 1 und dem Schleusenkatheter 2 zusätzlich ein Klemmring angeordnet ist, um eine unbeabsichtigte Axialverschiebung des Aussenkatheters 1 gegenüber dem Schleusenkatheter 2 zu unterbinden.
Solange sich das Endstück 3 des Schleusenkatheters 2 innerhalb des Aussenkatheters 1 befindet, wird eine Expansion des Endstücks 3 verhindert. Sobald der Aussenkatheter 1 für sich nach proximal zurückgezogen wird, expandiert das sodann zunehmend freigelegte Endstück 3. Diese Expansion wird erst dann wieder rückgängig gemacht, so wie der Schleusenkatheter 2 mit dem Endstück 3 in den Aussenkatheter hineingezogen bzw. der Aussenkatheter darüber vorgeschoben wird. Dieser Vorgang lässt sich durch axiale Relativverschiebungen zwischen dem Aussenkatheter 1 und dem Schleusenkatheter 2 beliebig oft wiederholen.
Der technische Ablauf der Thrombusbergung mit der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung stellt sich wie folgt dar:
Zunächst erfolgt die perkutane Punktion der Arterie oder Vene in der bekannten Seldinger-Technik mit einer dünnkalibrigen Nadel. Nach Einwechseln eines üblichen Führungsdrahtes wird der Punktionskanal bis auf den Aussendurchmesser des Aussenkatheters 1 mit Hilfe eines entsprechenden Dilatatore, ein spitz zulaufendes Kunststoffteil, das eine innere Hohlbohrung in dem Durchmesser des Führungsdrahts von ungefähr 1 mm hat, aufgeweitet. Dieser Ablauf entspricht dem üblichen Vorgehen bei Angiographien.
Anschliessend wird der Aussenkatheter 1 mit einem innenliegenden Dilatator in das Gefässlumen über den liegenden Führungsdraht eingeführt. Der innenliegende Dilatator ist notwendig, um Kalibersprünge zu vermeiden, die ein glattes Hineingleiten in das Gefäss behindern könnten. Danach werden der Führungsdraht und der innenliegende Dilatator entfernt, während der Aussenkatheter 1 im Gefäss verbleibt. Anschliessend wird der Schleusenkatheter 2 mit schmal gezogenem Endstück 3 in den Aussenkatheter 1 eingeführt. Um dies zu bewerkstelligen, ist der Schleusenkatheter 2 von einer distal spitz zulaufenden, eng anliegenden Kunststoffmembran umgeben, die nach dem bekannten Prinzip der «Pecal away»-Verpackung an zwei Seiten so perforiert ist, dass durch leichten Zug diese in zwei Hälften zerfällt.
Nach dem Einführen des Schleusenkatheters 2 in den Aussenkatheter 1 wird die Aussenhülle gesprengt, und die beiden Hüllen können nach rückwärts durch Zug entfernt werden.
Anschliessend wird der Schleusenkatheter 2 in den Aussenkatheter 1 so weit nach distal vorgeschoben, dass das Endstück 3 am distalen Ende des Schleusenkatheters 2 an der distalen Öffnung des Aussenkatheters 1 zu liegen kommt. Durch Zurückziehen des Aussenkatheters 1 gegenüber dem Schleusenkatheter 2 nach proximal wird das Endstück 3 frei und kann sich gegen die Gefässwand anlegen. Nach dem Erreichen dieser Position werden der Aussenkatheter 1 und der Schleusenkatheter 2 miteinander verriegelt.
Der Innenkatheter 5 wird dann durch das proximale Ende des Schleusenkatheters 2 eingeführt und in dem Gefässlumen in üblicher Weise durch den Thrombus geschoben, der Ballon 6 gebläht und mit dem reitenden Thrombus bis in das trom-petenförmige Endstück 3 hinein- und dann nach aussen gezogen. Dieser Vorgang kann durch einen angelegten Sog unterstützt werden.
Nach komplettem Entfernen des Thrombus wird der Aussenkatheter 1 nach distal über den Schleusenkatheter 2 geschoben, so dass sich das Endstück 3 wieder verjüngt.
Schliesslich werden der Aussenkatheter 1 und der Schieusenkatheter 2 gemeinsam entfernt, worauf das Punktionsloch durch manuele Kompression verschlossen wird.
Claims (1)
- Patentansprüche1. Vorrichtung zum Ausbringen von Blutgerinnseln aus Arterien und Venen, umfassend einen in ein Blutgefäss einführbaren Aussenkatheter und einen durch diesen hindurchführbaren, an seinem distalen Ende mit einem aufblähbaren Ballon versehenen Innenkatheter, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Innenkatheter (5) von einem durch den Aussenkatheter (1) hindurchführbaren Schleusenka-510152025303540455055606535CH 682 978 A5theter (2) umgeben ist, der mit einem radial aufweitbaren Endstück (3) versehen ist.2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Endstück (3) des Schleusenkatheters (2) ein Geflecht aus Federdrähten oder Kunststoffmonofilen enthält, das von einem elastischen Kunststoff ummantelt oder darin eingebettet ist.3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Endstück (3) des Schleusenkatheters (2) mindestens im Bereich seines distalen Öffnungsquerschnitts doppelwandig ausgebildet ist und einen radial aufweitbaren Ringraum enthält.4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schleusenkatheter (2) im Bereich des proximalen Endes an eine Saugeinrichtung anschliessbar ist.5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aussenkatheter (1) und der Schleusenkatheter (2) durch einen am proximalen Ende angeordneten Klemmring gegen eine Axialverschiebung relativ zueinander fixierbar sind.51015202530354045505560654
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8910603U DE8910603U1 (de) | 1989-09-06 | 1989-09-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CH682978A5 true CH682978A5 (de) | 1993-12-31 |
Family
ID=6842575
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH2810/90A CH682978A5 (de) | 1989-09-06 | 1990-08-29 | Vorrichtung zum Ausbringen von Blutgerinnseln aus Arterien und Venen. |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5102415A (de) |
CH (1) | CH682978A5 (de) |
DE (1) | DE8910603U1 (de) |
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US4447227A (en) * | 1982-06-09 | 1984-05-08 | Endoscopy Surgical Systems, Inc. | Multi-purpose medical devices |
ATE44225T1 (de) * | 1984-03-06 | 1989-07-15 | Sulepov Eugenio Ponomar | Chirurgisches instrument fuer thromboektomie durch die vena jugularis. |
US4611594A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1986-09-16 | Northwestern University | Medical instrument for containment and removal of calculi |
US4873978A (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1989-10-17 | Robert Ginsburg | Device and method for emboli retrieval |
US5011488A (en) * | 1988-12-07 | 1991-04-30 | Robert Ginsburg | Thrombus extraction system |
-
1989
- 1989-09-06 DE DE8910603U patent/DE8910603U1/de not_active Expired
-
1990
- 1990-08-29 CH CH2810/90A patent/CH682978A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-30 US US07/575,450 patent/US5102415A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE8910603U1 (de) | 1989-12-07 |
US5102415A (en) | 1992-04-07 |
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