CH619488A5 - Process for the production of a detergent, and product produced by the process - Google Patents
Process for the production of a detergent, and product produced by the process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH619488A5 CH619488A5 CH1150475A CH1150475A CH619488A5 CH 619488 A5 CH619488 A5 CH 619488A5 CH 1150475 A CH1150475 A CH 1150475A CH 1150475 A CH1150475 A CH 1150475A CH 619488 A5 CH619488 A5 CH 619488A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- granules
- calcium carbonate
- detergent
- binder
- carbonate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 220
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 alkali metal alkyl sulfate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 96
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940088417 precipitated calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical class [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002837 heart atrium Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000032484 Accidental exposure to product Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061245 Internal injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QZXSMBBFBXPQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(dodecanoyl)ethanolamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCO QZXSMBBFBXPQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000982 direct dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-K nitrilotriacetate(3-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940071207 sesquicarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005029 sieve analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/1233—Carbonates, e.g. calcite or dolomite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB39030/74A GB1515273A (en) | 1974-09-06 | 1974-09-06 | Production of detergent compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH619488A5 true CH619488A5 (en) | 1980-09-30 |
Family
ID=10407179
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1150475A CH619488A5 (en) | 1974-09-06 | 1975-09-05 | Process for the production of a detergent, and product produced by the process |
Country Status (12)
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1583081A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1981-01-21 | Unilever Ltd | Production of detergent compositions |
| DE3380356D1 (en) * | 1982-09-01 | 1989-09-14 | Unilever Nv | Abrasive agglomerates for use in scouring cleaning compositions |
| JPS60262895A (ja) * | 1984-06-11 | 1985-12-26 | ライオン株式会社 | 粒状洗剤の製造方法 |
| GB2174712B (en) * | 1985-05-10 | 1988-10-19 | Unilever Plc | Detergent granules |
| JPS62107198A (ja) * | 1985-07-16 | 1987-05-18 | 満田工業株式会社 | オ−ガ式小口径管推進工法及び装置 |
| GB8603667D0 (en) * | 1986-02-14 | 1986-03-19 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| GB8626691D0 (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1986-12-10 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| MY102396A (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1992-06-17 | Unilever Plc | Detergent granules and a process for their preparation |
| GB8718987D0 (en) * | 1987-08-11 | 1987-09-16 | Unilever Plc | Agglomerated abrasive material |
| DE102006010670A1 (de) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-09-13 | Clariant International Limited | Cogranulate |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1437950A (en) * | 1972-08-22 | 1976-06-03 | Unilever Ltd | Detergent compositions |
-
1974
- 1974-09-06 GB GB39030/74A patent/GB1515273A/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-09-01 NL NL7510271A patent/NL7510271A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-09-01 IN IN237/BOM/75A patent/IN145380B/en unknown
- 1975-09-01 BE BE159654A patent/BE832964A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-09-03 FR FR7527029A patent/FR2288779A1/fr active Granted
- 1975-09-04 DE DE19752539429 patent/DE2539429A1/de active Granted
- 1975-09-05 JP JP50107903A patent/JPS5910400B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1975-09-05 CH CH1150475A patent/CH619488A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-09-05 IT IT69230/75A patent/IT1047163B/it active
- 1975-09-05 CA CA235,127A patent/CA1069013A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-05 AT AT0687975A patent/AT363156B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-09-05 SE SE7509918A patent/SE418407B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1976
- 1976-01-26 FR FR7602023A patent/FR2288144A1/fr active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7510271A (nl) | 1976-03-09 |
| GB1515273A (en) | 1978-06-21 |
| SE418407B (sv) | 1981-05-25 |
| SE7509918L (sv) | 1976-03-08 |
| JPS5910400B2 (ja) | 1984-03-08 |
| IN145380B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1978-09-30 |
| DE2539429A1 (de) | 1976-03-18 |
| IT1047163B (it) | 1980-09-10 |
| FR2288144A1 (fr) | 1976-05-14 |
| BE832964A (fr) | 1976-03-01 |
| ATA687975A (de) | 1980-12-15 |
| AT363156B (de) | 1981-07-10 |
| CA1069013A (en) | 1980-01-01 |
| DE2539429C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1988-06-09 |
| FR2288779A1 (fr) | 1976-05-21 |
| JPS5152404A (en) | 1976-05-10 |
| FR2288779B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1979-06-22 |
| FR2288144B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1980-06-13 |
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