CA1189812A - Hydrocarbon, ammonia and metal value recovery from conversion of shale oil rock - Google Patents
Hydrocarbon, ammonia and metal value recovery from conversion of shale oil rockInfo
- Publication number
- CA1189812A CA1189812A CA000375472A CA375472A CA1189812A CA 1189812 A CA1189812 A CA 1189812A CA 000375472 A CA000375472 A CA 000375472A CA 375472 A CA375472 A CA 375472A CA 1189812 A CA1189812 A CA 1189812A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- reagent
- values
- shale oil
- water
- hydrocarbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 60
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 alkali metal hydrosulfide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052977 alkali metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 91
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOCLAPYLSUCOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [SH-].[K+] ZOCLAPYLSUCOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrosulfide Chemical compound [SH-] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003447 supported reagent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940016373 potassium polysulfide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 60
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 48
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229960000510 ammonia Drugs 0.000 description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010880 spent shale Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPCOQCKIZXZTDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[S-2].[K+].[K+] Chemical compound O.[S-2].[K+].[K+] DPCOQCKIZXZTDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium sulfide Chemical class [S-2].[K+].[K+] DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000576 supplementary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000859095 Bero Species 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001527806 Iti Species 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000275031 Nica Species 0.000 description 1
- QEKFFVMCUJFVOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[S] Chemical class O.[S] QEKFFVMCUJFVOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012042 active reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical class [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QTNDMWXOEPGHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicesium;sulfide Chemical class [S-2].[Cs+].[Cs+] QTNDMWXOEPGHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLCCLBKPLLUIJC-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium tetrasulfane-1,4-diide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-]SS[S-] ZLCCLBKPLLUIJC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KLMCZVJOEAUDNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N francium atom Chemical compound [Fr] KLMCZVJOEAUDNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRRKNRDXURUMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium disulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-][S-] SRRKNRDXURUMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/06—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/06—Metal salts, or metal salts deposited on a carrier
- C10G29/10—Sulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14060480A | 1980-04-15 | 1980-04-15 | |
| US140,604 | 1980-04-15 | ||
| US220,021 | 1981-01-05 | ||
| US06/220,021 US4366044A (en) | 1979-08-06 | 1981-01-05 | Process for conversion of coal to hydrocarbon and other values |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1189812A true CA1189812A (en) | 1985-07-02 |
Family
ID=26838331
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000375472A Expired CA1189812A (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1981-04-14 | Hydrocarbon, ammonia and metal value recovery from conversion of shale oil rock |
| CA000375488A Expired CA1183484A (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1981-04-14 | Process for conversion of coal to hydrocarbon and other values |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000375488A Expired CA1183484A (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1981-04-14 | Process for conversion of coal to hydrocarbon and other values |
Country Status (24)
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD792829S1 (en) | 2014-07-23 | 2017-07-25 | Dzinesquare Inc. | Vehicle wheel |
Family Cites Families (42)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1300816A (en) * | 1915-09-11 | 1919-04-15 | Standard Oil Co | Process of desulfurizing petroleum-oils. |
| US1413005A (en) * | 1919-03-13 | 1922-04-18 | Standard Oil Co | Process of desulphurizing petroleum oils |
| US1729943A (en) * | 1921-06-14 | 1929-10-01 | Firm Of Internationale Bergin | Treatment by pressure and heat of heavy mineral oils and carbon material |
| US1904586A (en) * | 1926-12-22 | 1933-04-18 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Conversion of carbonaceous solids into valuable liquid products |
| US1938672A (en) * | 1929-07-05 | 1933-12-12 | Standard Oil Co | Desulphurizing hydrocarbon oils |
| US1974724A (en) * | 1931-03-23 | 1934-09-25 | Shell Dev | Process for refining mineral oils |
| US2145657A (en) * | 1936-12-30 | 1939-01-31 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Process for the hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils |
| US2551579A (en) * | 1944-06-30 | 1951-05-08 | Berl Walter George | Production of valuable organic compounds from plant material |
| US2950245A (en) * | 1958-03-24 | 1960-08-23 | Alfred M Thomsen | Method of processing mineral oils with alkali metals or their compounds |
| NL129112C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1960-03-09 | |||
| US3185641A (en) * | 1961-12-15 | 1965-05-25 | Continental Oil Co | Removal of elemental sulfur from hydrocarbons |
| US3252774A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-05-24 | Pullman Inc | Production of hydrogen-containing gases |
| US3368875A (en) * | 1965-02-01 | 1968-02-13 | Union Oil Co | Apparatus for the treatment of mineral oils |
| US3382168A (en) * | 1965-03-01 | 1968-05-07 | Standard Oil Co | Process for purifying lubricating oils by hydrogenation |
| US3354081A (en) * | 1965-09-01 | 1967-11-21 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for desulfurization employing k2s |
| US3483119A (en) * | 1966-03-02 | 1969-12-09 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrofining processing technique for improving the color properties of middle distillates |
| US3553279A (en) * | 1968-03-29 | 1971-01-05 | Texas Instruments Inc | Method of producing ethylene |
| US3565792A (en) * | 1968-06-07 | 1971-02-23 | Frank B Haskett | Cyclic process for desulfurizing crude petroleum fractions with sodium |
| US3617529A (en) * | 1969-03-17 | 1971-11-02 | Shell Oil Co | Removal of elemental sulfur contaminants from petroleum oils |
| US3663431A (en) * | 1969-10-15 | 1972-05-16 | Union Oil Co | Two-phase hydrocarbon conversion system |
| US3745109A (en) * | 1970-10-01 | 1973-07-10 | North American Rockwell | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
| US3816298A (en) * | 1971-03-18 | 1974-06-11 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
| US3788978A (en) * | 1972-05-24 | 1974-01-29 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for the desulfurization of petroleum oil stocks |
| US3787315A (en) * | 1972-06-01 | 1974-01-22 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Alkali metal desulfurization process for petroleum oil stocks using low pressure hydrogen |
| US3926775A (en) * | 1973-11-01 | 1975-12-16 | Wilburn C Schroeder | Hydrogenation of coal |
| US3944480A (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1976-03-16 | Schroeder Wilburn C | Production of oil and high Btu gas from coal |
| US3960513A (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1976-06-01 | Kennecott Copper Corporation | Method for removal of sulfur from coal |
| US3957503A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1976-05-18 | Rollan Swanson | Extraction of zinc and lead from their sulfides |
| US3933475A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1976-01-20 | Rollan Swanson | Extraction of copper from copper sulfides |
| US4003823A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1977-01-18 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Combined desulfurization and hydroconversion with alkali metal hydroxides |
| US4007109A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1977-02-08 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Combined desulfurization and hydroconversion with alkali metal oxides |
| US4018572A (en) * | 1975-06-23 | 1977-04-19 | Rollan Swanson | Desulfurization of fossil fuels |
| US4078917A (en) * | 1976-01-26 | 1978-03-14 | Rollan Swanson | Extraction of antimony trioxide from antimony sulfide ore |
| US4030893A (en) * | 1976-05-20 | 1977-06-21 | The Keller Corporation | Method of preparing low-sulfur, low-ash fuel |
| US4119528A (en) * | 1977-08-01 | 1978-10-10 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Hydroconversion of residua with potassium sulfide |
| US4155717A (en) * | 1978-01-03 | 1979-05-22 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Process for removing sulfur from coal employing aqueous solutions of sulfites and bisulfites |
| US4147612A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1979-04-03 | Imperial Oil Enterprises Ltd. | Regeneration of alkali metal sulfides from alkali metal hydrosulfides |
| US4147611A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1979-04-03 | Imperial Oil Enterprises Ltd. | Regeneration of alkali metal sulfides from alkali metal hydrosulfides |
| US4210526A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1980-07-01 | Rollan Swanson | Desulfurizing fossil fuels |
| US4160721A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1979-07-10 | Rollan Swanson | De-sulfurization of petroleum residues using melt of alkali metal sulfide hydrates or hydroxide hydrates |
| AU537070B2 (en) * | 1979-08-06 | 1984-06-07 | Swanson, Rollan Dr. | Converting coal to gaseous hydrocarbons and volatile distillates |
| US4248693A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-02-03 | Rollan Swanson | Process for recovering hydrocarbons and other values from tar sands |
-
1981
- 1981-04-11 DE DE3114766A patent/DE3114766A1/de active Granted
- 1981-04-14 NO NO811314A patent/NO811314L/no unknown
- 1981-04-14 ES ES501332A patent/ES501332A0/es active Granted
- 1981-04-14 GB GB8111859A patent/GB2086414B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-14 SE SE8102387A patent/SE450128B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-14 DK DK168581A patent/DK168581A/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-14 CA CA000375472A patent/CA1189812A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-14 NZ NZ196819A patent/NZ196819A/xx unknown
- 1981-04-14 RO RO104017A patent/RO82097B/ro unknown
- 1981-04-14 IL IL62650A patent/IL62650A/xx unknown
- 1981-04-14 NL NLAANVRAGE8101847,A patent/NL188796C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-14 AT AT0169881A patent/AT379169B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-14 KR KR1019810001259A patent/KR840001850B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1981-04-14 TR TR22281A patent/TR22281A/xx unknown
- 1981-04-14 AU AU69520/81A patent/AU537074B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-04-14 FR FR8107477A patent/FR2480298B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-04-14 CA CA000375488A patent/CA1183484A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-14 ZW ZW85/81A patent/ZW8581A1/xx unknown
- 1981-04-14 YU YU00977/81A patent/YU97781A/xx unknown
- 1981-04-14 IT IT48279/81A patent/IT1148009B/it active
- 1981-04-14 PL PL1981230673A patent/PL138047B1/pl unknown
- 1981-04-14 GR GR64683A patent/GR74522B/el unknown
- 1981-04-14 IE IE846/81A patent/IE51109B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-14 DD DD81229227A patent/DD158911A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-16 IN IN407/CAL/81A patent/IN156377B/en unknown
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |