AU748737B2 - Triazolo-pyridazine derivatives as ligands for GABA receptors - Google Patents
Triazolo-pyridazine derivatives as ligands for GABA receptors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU748737B2 AU748737B2 AU20657/99A AU2065799A AU748737B2 AU 748737 B2 AU748737 B2 AU 748737B2 AU 20657/99 A AU20657/99 A AU 20657/99A AU 2065799 A AU2065799 A AU 2065799A AU 748737 B2 AU748737 B2 AU 748737B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- triazolo
- triazol
- methyl
- ylmethoxy
- pyridazine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- CBHTTYDJRXOHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazolo[4,5-c]pyridazine Chemical class N1=NC=CC2=C1N=NN2 CBHTTYDJRXOHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 102000005915 GABA Receptors Human genes 0.000 title 1
- 108010005551 GABA Receptors Proteins 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 236
- -1 1-fluorobut-3-enyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
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- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004214 1-pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004851 cyclopentylmethyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC1)C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004180 3-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(F)=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- LDGXFPTUGULLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5h-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)C=CC2=NN=CN21 LDGXFPTUGULLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VPAYJEUHKVESSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroiodomethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)I VPAYJEUHKVESSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- GOIFCXRIFSYPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-cyclobutyl-3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-[(2-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methoxy]-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine Chemical compound CN1N=CN=C1COC(C(=C1)C2CCC2)=NN2C1=NN=C2C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F GOIFCXRIFSYPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OPKBWBVPMBHSSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-fluorophenyl)-7-(4-methyloxan-4-yl)-6-[(2-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methoxy]-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine Chemical compound CN1N=CN=C1COC(C(=C1)C2(C)CCOCC2)=NN2C1=NN=C2C1=CC=CC=C1F OPKBWBVPMBHSSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JFQMVJZSASXLOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(1-fluorocyclobutyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-6-[(2-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methoxy]-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine Chemical compound CN1N=CN=C1COC(C(=C1)C2(F)CCC2)=NN2C1=NN=C2C1=CC=CC=C1F JFQMVJZSASXLOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 137
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
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- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,2-benzodiazepine Chemical compound N1N=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- ARYHTUPFQTUBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophen-2-ylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CS1 ARYHTUPFQTUBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009901 transfer hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001475 zolpidem Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZAFYATHCZYHLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N zolpidem Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC(C)=CN2C(CC(=O)N(C)C)=C1C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZAFYATHCZYHLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9801233.9A GB9801233D0 (en) | 1998-01-21 | 1998-01-21 | Therapeutic agents |
| GB9801233 | 1998-01-21 | ||
| GB9821517 | 1998-10-02 | ||
| GBGB9821517.1A GB9821517D0 (en) | 1998-10-02 | 1998-10-02 | Therapeutic agents |
| PCT/GB1999/000103 WO1999037644A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 | 1999-01-13 | Triazolo-pyridazine derivatives as ligands for gaba receptors |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2065799A AU2065799A (en) | 1999-08-09 |
| AU748737B2 true AU748737B2 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
Family
ID=26312988
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU20657/99A Ceased AU748737B2 (en) | 1998-01-21 | 1999-01-13 | Triazolo-pyridazine derivatives as ligands for GABA receptors |
Country Status (24)
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2315763A1 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-29 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Limited | Triazolo-pyridazine derivatives as ligands for gaba receptors |
| GB9929685D0 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 2000-02-09 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | Therapeutic agents |
| GB0017543D0 (en) | 2000-07-17 | 2000-09-06 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | Therapeutic agents |
| WO2005058860A1 (ja) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-30 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | ４−置換又は非置換テトラヒドロピラン−４−カルボン酸化合物又はそのエステル化合物の製法 |
| EP2258359A3 (en) | 2005-08-26 | 2011-04-06 | Braincells, Inc. | Neurogenesis by muscarinic receptor modulation with sabcomelin |
| JP2009506069A (ja) | 2005-08-26 | 2009-02-12 | ブレインセルス，インコーポレイティド | ムスカリン性受容体調節による神経発生 |
| AU2006304787A1 (en) | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Braincells, Inc. | Modulation of neurogenesis by PDE inhibition |
| CA2625210A1 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-10 | Braincells, Inc. | Gaba receptor mediated modulation of neurogenesis |
| EA015754B1 (ru) * | 2005-12-21 | 2011-12-30 | Янссен Фармацевтика, Н.В. | Триазолопиридазины в качестве модуляторов тирозинкиназы |
| US20100216734A1 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2010-08-26 | Braincells, Inc. | Modulation of neurogenesis by nootropic agents |
| EP2377531A2 (en) | 2006-05-09 | 2011-10-19 | Braincells, Inc. | Neurogenesis by modulating angiotensin |
| EP2026813A2 (en) | 2006-05-09 | 2009-02-25 | Braincells, Inc. | 5 ht receptor mediated neurogenesis |
| US7998971B2 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2011-08-16 | Braincells Inc. | Combinations containing a 4-acylaminopyridine derivative |
| US20100184806A1 (en) | 2006-09-19 | 2010-07-22 | Braincells, Inc. | Modulation of neurogenesis by ppar agents |
| EP2123619A1 (de) | 2008-05-20 | 2009-11-25 | Bayer Schering Pharma AG | Neue [F-18]-Markierte L-Glutaminsäure-und L-Glutaminderivate (II), ihre Verwendung sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| PT2328414E (pt) * | 2008-08-29 | 2014-03-17 | Concert Pharmaceuticals Inc | Derivados de triazol-piridazina substituídos |
| US20100216805A1 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2010-08-26 | Braincells, Inc. | Modulation of neurogenesis using d-cycloserine combinations |
| WO2011005520A1 (en) | 2009-06-23 | 2011-01-13 | Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Deuterium-modified triazolo-pyridazine derivatives as gaba-a receptor modulators |
| AU2010276537B2 (en) | 2009-07-27 | 2015-04-16 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Fused heterocyclic compounds as ion channel modulators |
| US9089531B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2015-07-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | GABA agonists in the treatment of disorders associated with metabolic syndrome and GABA combinations in treatment or prophylaxis of type I diabetes |
| TWI510480B (zh) | 2011-05-10 | 2015-12-01 | Gilead Sciences Inc | 充當離子通道調節劑之稠合雜環化合物 |
| NO3175985T3 (US06828322-20041207-C00025.png) | 2011-07-01 | 2018-04-28 | ||
| TW201837023A (zh) | 2011-07-01 | 2018-10-16 | 美商基利科學股份有限公司 | 作為離子通道調節劑之稠合雜環化合物 |
| GB201321745D0 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-01-22 | Ucb Pharma Sa | Therapeutic agents |
| WO2017151617A1 (en) | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Inc. | Stapled intracellular-targeting antimicrobial peptides to treat infection |
| CN107344936B (zh) * | 2016-05-06 | 2022-06-03 | 上海赛默罗生物科技有限公司 | 三唑哒嗪类衍生物、其制备方法、药物组合物和用途 |
| JP7305614B2 (ja) | 2017-07-19 | 2023-07-10 | デイナ ファーバー キャンサー インスティチュート，インコーポレイテッド | 抗生物質耐性細菌感染症の処置のための安定化抗菌ペプチド |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1080712A (en) * | 1976-09-22 | 1980-07-01 | Jay D. Albright | Hypotensive agents |
| US4230705A (en) * | 1976-09-22 | 1980-10-28 | American Cyanamid Company | 6-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazines and their uses in treating anxiety |
| US4112095A (en) | 1976-10-07 | 1978-09-05 | American Cyanamid Company | 6-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine hypotensive agents |
| PH12424A (en) | 1976-10-26 | 1979-02-15 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of treating anxiety in mammals |
| US4260755A (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1981-04-07 | American Cyanamid Company | Novel 6-phenyl and substituted 6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazines |
| US4260756A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-04-07 | American Cyanamid Company | 6- And 8-heteroaryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazines |
| FI81350C (fi) | 1982-01-18 | 1990-10-10 | Lepetit Spa | Analogfoerfarande foer framstaellning av nya, farmakologiskt aktiva 6-substituerade s-triatsolo/3,4-a/ ftalazinderivat. |
| IT1194310B (it) | 1983-07-12 | 1988-09-14 | Lepetit Spa | Derivati triazolo (3,4-a) ftalazinici 3,6-disostituiti |
| US4654343A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-03-31 | American Cyanamid Company | N-substituted-N[3-(1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6-yl)phenyl]alkanamides, carbamates and ureas |
| SK9399A3 (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 2000-04-10 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | Substituted triazolo-pyridazine derivatives as ligands for gaba receptors |
| CA2315763A1 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-29 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Limited | Triazolo-pyridazine derivatives as ligands for gaba receptors |
-
1999
- 1999-01-13 CA CA002315763A patent/CA2315763A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-01-13 HU HU0100575A patent/HUP0100575A3/hu unknown
- 1999-01-13 EA EA200000783A patent/EA002755B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-01-13 EP EP99901025A patent/EP1049696A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-01-13 SK SK1092-2000A patent/SK10922000A3/sk unknown
- 1999-01-13 YU YU43800A patent/YU43800A/sh unknown
- 1999-01-13 NZ NZ504870A patent/NZ504870A/xx unknown
- 1999-01-13 US US09/582,589 patent/US6579875B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-13 KR KR1020007007937A patent/KR20010034257A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-01-13 CN CN99802249A patent/CN1110498C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-13 GE GEAP19995511A patent/GEP20032868B/en unknown
- 1999-01-13 PL PL99341652A patent/PL341652A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-01-13 MX MXPA00007135A patent/MXPA00007135A/es unknown
- 1999-01-13 CZ CZ20002691A patent/CZ290883B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-01-13 AU AU20657/99A patent/AU748737B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-01-13 IL IL13644299A patent/IL136442A0/xx unknown
- 1999-01-13 JP JP2000528565A patent/JP2002501066A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-01-13 BR BR9906905-9A patent/BR9906905A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-01-13 EE EEP200000430A patent/EE200000430A/xx unknown
- 1999-01-13 WO PCT/GB1999/000103 patent/WO1999037644A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2000
- 2000-06-16 IS IS5540A patent/IS5540A/is unknown
- 2000-07-20 NO NO20003730A patent/NO315516B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-07-21 HR HR20000492A patent/HRP20000492A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-07 BG BG104671A patent/BG104671A/xx unknown
-
2003
- 2003-06-17 US US10/463,075 patent/US6828322B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ290883B6 (cs) | 2002-11-13 |
| US6579875B1 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
| CN1110498C (zh) | 2003-06-04 |
| NZ504870A (en) | 2002-11-26 |
| CN1288465A (zh) | 2001-03-21 |
| EA002755B1 (ru) | 2002-08-29 |
| EA200000783A1 (ru) | 2000-12-25 |
| HRP20000492A2 (en) | 2000-12-31 |
| EE200000430A (et) | 2001-12-17 |
| PL341652A1 (en) | 2001-04-23 |
| EP1049696A1 (en) | 2000-11-08 |
| IS5540A (is) | 2000-06-16 |
| WO1999037644A1 (en) | 1999-07-29 |
| HUP0100575A2 (hu) | 2001-09-28 |
| CZ20002691A3 (cs) | 2000-12-13 |
| BR9906905A (pt) | 2000-10-10 |
| US20040063714A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
| NO315516B1 (no) | 2003-09-15 |
| HUP0100575A3 (en) | 2003-03-28 |
| KR20010034257A (ko) | 2001-04-25 |
| US6828322B2 (en) | 2004-12-07 |
| CA2315763A1 (en) | 1999-07-29 |
| IL136442A0 (en) | 2001-06-14 |
| NO20003730L (no) | 2000-09-20 |
| NO20003730D0 (no) | 2000-07-20 |
| GEP20032868B (en) | 2003-01-27 |
| JP2002501066A (ja) | 2002-01-15 |
| YU43800A (sh) | 2002-12-10 |
| MXPA00007135A (es) | 2002-11-07 |
| AU2065799A (en) | 1999-08-09 |
| SK10922000A3 (sk) | 2001-03-12 |
| BG104671A (en) | 2001-05-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK6 | Application lapsed section 142(2)(f)/reg. 8.3(3) - pct applic. not entering national phase | ||
| TH | Corrigenda |
Free format text: IN VOL 14, NO 10, PAGE(S) 1596-1600 UNDER THE HEADING APPLICATIONS LAPSED, REFUSED OR WITHDRAWN PLEASE DELETE ALL REFERENCE TO APPLICATION NO. 20657/99 |
|
| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) |