WO2024067195A1 - 防坠落组件及升降装置 - Google Patents

防坠落组件及升降装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024067195A1
WO2024067195A1 PCT/CN2023/119360 CN2023119360W WO2024067195A1 WO 2024067195 A1 WO2024067195 A1 WO 2024067195A1 CN 2023119360 W CN2023119360 W CN 2023119360W WO 2024067195 A1 WO2024067195 A1 WO 2024067195A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking block
column
connecting member
slide plate
along
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/119360
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何东阳
Original Assignee
深圳市海柔创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市海柔创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市海柔创新科技有限公司
Publication of WO2024067195A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024067195A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F17/00—Safety devices, e.g. for limiting or indicating lifting force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/02—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms suspended from ropes, cables, or chains or screws and movable along pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/28—Constructional details, e.g. end stops, pivoting supporting members, sliding runners adjustable to load dimensions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
    • F16D63/008—Brakes acting on a linearly moving member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N15/00—Lubrication with substances other than oil or grease; Lubrication characterised by the use of particular lubricants in particular apparatus or conditions

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of lifting mechanisms, and in particular to a fall prevention component and a lifting device.
  • the slide plate used to install the load-bearing platform is generally connected to a wire rope, so that the slide plate is driven to rise and fall by the wire rope.
  • the wire rope breaks or the connection is loose, the slide plate and the goods placed on the load-bearing platform will fall, causing damage to the goods and even causing safety accidents.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-falling assembly and a lifting device, so that when a lifting rope fails, the slide plate will stop falling and be fixed on the column to avoid causing a safety accident.
  • an anti-fall assembly which is applied to a lifting device, the lifting device comprising a column and a lifting rope arranged on the column, and the anti-fall assembly comprising a slide plate, a connecting member, a power-assisting mechanism and related mechanisms; wherein the slide plate is used to carry goods and is limitedly connected to the column along a first direction; the connecting member is in contact with the slide plate and is used to connect with the lifting rope, so that the lifting rope can drive the slide plate to move up and down in a second direction through the connecting member, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the power-assisting mechanism is arranged between the connecting member and the slide plate, and the power-assisting mechanism is used to drive the connecting member to descend in the second direction relative to the slide plate when the lifting rope fails; and the locking mechanism is arranged on the slide plate, including a transmission structure and a locking block; the transmission structure is used to be driven by the connecting member when the connecting member descends and moves relative to the slide plate
  • the anti-fall assembly of the present application connects the slide plate to the column in a limited position along a first direction, and arranges an assist mechanism between the connecting member and the slide plate, so that when the lifting rope fails, the assist mechanism can drive the connecting member to descend in a second direction relative to the slide plate, and then the transmission structure arranged on the slide plate is driven by the connecting member to drive the locking block to move toward the column, so that the locking block abuts against the surface of the column, and after the locking block abuts against the surface of the column, under the continued action of the assist mechanism, the connecting member continues to apply driving force to the transmission structure, so that the locking block maintains abutment with the surface of the column to form a large positive pressure, thereby forming a large friction force between the locking block and the column, and finally the locking block stops falling under the action of the friction force, so that the slide plate and the cargo stop falling.
  • the transmission structure includes a rotating member, which is rotatably connected to the slide; the rotating member has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, and the rotation axis of the rotating member is located between the first end and the second end; the first end is located at an end of the second end away from the column; the connecting member is connected to the first end, and when the connecting member descends along the second direction relative to the slide, the connecting member drives the first end to rotate and descend relative to the rotation axis; the locking block is connected to the second end, so that when the first end rotates and descends relative to the rotation axis, the second end rotates and rises relative to the rotation axis and drives the locking block to move toward the column.
  • the connecting member By connecting the connecting member to the first end of the rotating member away from the column, and the rotation axis of the rotating member is set between the first end and the second end, when the connecting member descends along the second direction relative to the slide, the connecting member drives the first end to rotate and descend relative to the rotation axis. And by connecting the locking block to the second end, when the first end rotates and descends relative to the rotation axis, the second end rotates and rises relative to the rotation axis and drives the locking block to move toward the column, and finally the slide stops falling under the friction force of the column.
  • the connecting member is provided with a first plug-in portion, the first end portion is provided with a first opening, and the first plug-in portion is inserted into the first opening.
  • the locking mechanism further includes: a swing arm, through which the locking block is rotatably connected to the second end; when the second end rotates and rises relative to the rotation axis, the locking block is driven to rise by the swing arm; and a limit block, which is arranged on the slide plate and is used to guide the locking block to move toward the column when the second end drives the locking block to rise, and abuts against a side of the locking block away from the column, so that the locking block is clamped and fixed between the limit block and the column.
  • the locking block is connected to the second end through the swing arm, and the second end When the part rotates and rises relative to the rotation axis, the swing arm drives the locking block to rotate and rise, and the limit block arranged on the side of the locking block away from the column guides the locking block to move toward the column and abuts against the locking block, so that the locking block is clamped between the column and the limit block, thereby stopping the slide board from falling.
  • the second end is provided with a sliding hole, which extends from the second end to the first end; one end of the swing arm is slidably connected to the second end through the sliding hole, so that when the locking block moves toward the column, the part of the swing arm located in the sliding hole moves in a direction away from the first end, thereby causing the swing arm to move toward the column along with the locking block.
  • the limit block has a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface contacts the locking block; when the second end drives the locking block to rise, the locking block moves toward the column while rising along the first inclined surface; when the locking block abuts against the column, the first inclined surface converts a part of the weight of the cargo and the slide into a force perpendicular to the first inclined surface, and applies it to the locking block, so as to increase the abutment force of the locking block on the column.
  • the first inclined surface is inclined away from the locking block in the descending direction, and the locking block is contacted with the first inclined surface of the limit block, so that when the second end drives the locking block to rise, the locking block moves toward the column while rising along the first inclined surface, and when the locking block abuts against the column, the first inclined surface converts a part of the weight of the cargo and the slide toward the column and applies it to the locking block, so that the locking block is more firmly clamped between the column and the limit block, so that the slide is more stably fixed on the column.
  • the locking block has a second inclined surface that matches the first inclined surface, so that when the locking block moves toward the column, the second inclined surface maintains surface contact with the first inclined surface. Since when the locking block moves toward the column, the portion of the swing arm located in the sliding hole moves through the sliding hole in a direction away from the first end, so that the swing arm and the locking block remain in a vertical state, by matching the second inclined surface of the locking block with the first inclined surface of the limit block, when the locking block moves toward the column, the second inclined surface always maintains surface contact with the first inclined surface, so that the locking block is more firmly clamped between the column and the limit block.
  • a lubrication structure is provided between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.
  • the locking block can be quickly clamped between the column and the limit block under the action of the large friction force of the column, so that when the lifting rope fails, the slide plate can stop quickly, thereby achieving a good anti-falling effect.
  • the side of the locking block facing the column is arranged parallel to the column, so that when the locking block moves toward the column, the locking block and the column are in surface contact.
  • the slide plate includes a first surface and a second surface that are arranged opposite to each other, the first surface is closer to the column than the second surface; a receiving opening that passes through the first surface and the second surface is provided on the slide plate, the transmission structure is at least partially provided in the receiving opening, and the locking block protrudes from the first surface.
  • one end of the connecting member along the second direction abuts against the slide plate, so that the connecting member can drive the slide plate to move up and down along the second direction; a first gap is formed between the other end of the connecting member along the second direction and the slide plate, so that when the lifting rope fails, the connecting member can move downward relative to the slide plate in the second direction.
  • a second opening is provided on the connecting member
  • a second plug-in portion is provided on the slide plate
  • the second plug-in portion is inserted into the second opening
  • the lower end of the second plug-in portion along the second direction abuts against the inner wall of one end of the second opening
  • a first gap is formed between the upper end of the second plug-in portion along the second direction and the inner wall of the other end of the second opening.
  • the assist mechanism includes an elastic member connected between the connecting member and the slide plate.
  • the elastic member By connecting the elastic member between the connecting member and the slide plate, the elastic member exerts a downward force on the connecting member.
  • the elastic force of the elastic member can immediately drive the connecting member to descend relative to the slide plate when the lifting rope fails, so that the connecting member quickly drives the transmission structure to drive the locking block to move toward the column.
  • a first fixing portion is provided on the slide plate, a second fixing portion is provided on the connecting member, and the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are arranged opposite to each other along a second direction; an elastic member is connected between the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion, and when a failure occurs in the lifting rope, the elastic member drives the connecting member to descend along the second direction relative to the slide plate by elastic force.
  • a lifting device comprising: a column, a lifting rope, a driving member and an anti-fall assembly of any one of the above-mentioned schemes, the slide plate is limitedly connected to the column along a first direction, the driving member is connected to the connecting member through the lifting rope, so that the driving member drives the slide plate to move up and down along a second direction through the lifting rope and the connecting member in turn.
  • a load-bearing platform is provided on the slide plate, and the load-bearing platform is used to carry goods.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a column and an anti-fall assembly in a lifting device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fall prevention assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing a structure in which a pulley is provided in a column according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the anti-fall assembly in FIG3 of the present application facing the column side;
  • FIG7 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a locking mechanism provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism when the lifting device provided by an embodiment of the present application is working normally;
  • FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism when a lifting rope fails, provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a lubrication structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram showing a connection member abutting against a slide plate provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • the slide plate used to install the load-bearing platform is generally connected to a wire rope, so that the slide plate is driven to rise and fall through the wire rope.
  • the wire rope breaks or the connection is loose, the slide plate and the goods placed on the load-bearing platform will fall, causing damage to the goods and even causing safety accidents.
  • the present application provides an anti-falling component, which connects the slide plate to the column in a limited position along a first direction, and sets an assisting mechanism between the connecting member and the slide plate, so that when the lifting rope fails, the assisting mechanism can drive the connecting member to descend along a second direction relative to the slide plate, and then the transmission structure set on the slide plate is driven by the connecting member to drive the locking block to move toward the column, so that the locking block abuts against the surface of the column, and after the locking block abuts against the surface of the column, under the continued action of the assisting mechanism, the connecting member continues to apply driving force to the transmission structure, so that the locking block maintains abutment with the surface of the column to form a large positive pressure, thereby forming a large friction force between the locking block and the column, and finally the locking block stops falling under the action of the friction force, so that the slide plate and the cargo stop falling.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a column and an anti-falling assembly in a lifting device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-falling assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first direction is the X direction as shown in Figure 2
  • the second direction is the Z direction as shown in Figure 2.
  • the Y direction in Figure 2 is perpendicular to both the X direction and the Z direction.
  • the anti-falling assembly 100 provided in the present application is applied to a lifting device 1000.
  • the lifting device 1000 includes a column 200 and a lifting rope 300 arranged on the column 200.
  • the anti-falling assembly 100 includes: a slide plate 110, a connecting member 120, a power mechanism 130, and a locking mechanism 140.
  • the slide plate 110 is used to carry goods and is limitedly connected to the column 200 along the first direction.
  • the connecting member 120 is in contact with the slide plate 110 and is used to connect with the lifting rope 300, so that the lifting rope 300 can drive the slide plate 110 to move up and down along the second direction through the connecting member 120, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the boosting mechanism 130 is arranged between the connecting member 120 and the slide plate 110, and the boosting mechanism 130 is used to drive the connecting member 120 to descend relative to the slide plate 110 along the second direction when the lifting rope 300 fails.
  • the locking mechanism 140 is arranged on the slide plate 110, and the locking mechanism 140 includes a transmission structure 141 and a locking block 142.
  • the transmission structure 141 is used to be driven by the connecting member 120 to drive the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200 when the connecting member 120 moves downward relative to the slide plate 110 along the second direction, so as to make the locking block 142 abut against the surface of the column 200, so that the slide plate 110 stops descending.
  • the X direction is represented as a horizontal direction
  • the Z direction is represented as a vertical direction.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a structure in which a pulley is provided in a column according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a slide groove 220 can be provided on the column 200, and the pulley 210 is provided in the slide groove 220.
  • the skateboard 110 can be connected to the slide groove 220 through the pulley 210, so as to be lifted and moved in the up and down directions relative to the column 200.
  • the slide groove 220 limits the pulley 210 so that the skateboard 110 will not move away from the column 200.
  • the connecting member 120 is in contact with the slide plate 110, and the lifting rope 300 is connected to the connecting member 120.
  • the lifting rope 300 can be lifted and lowered by a driving member fixed on the column 200.
  • the lifting rope 300 drives the slide plate 110 to move up and down in the vertical direction through the connecting member 120.
  • the connecting member 120 and the slide plate 110 are in a relatively static state.
  • the power-assisting mechanism 130 may be a spring or other elastic structure. Under normal working conditions, the connecting member 120 and the slide plate 110 squeeze the power-assisting mechanism 130 to compress the power-assisting mechanism 130 .
  • both the connecting member 120 and the slide 110 fall downward. Specifically, due to the failure of the lifting rope 300, the lifting rope 300 cannot provide an upward pulling force to the connecting member 120, and thus the connecting member 120 and the slide 110 can no longer squeeze the assist mechanism 130. In the process of restoring the deformation and elongation, the assist mechanism 130 causes the connecting member 120 to fall vertically relative to the slide 110.
  • the assisting mechanism 130 generates a downward elastic force on the connecting member 120 and an upward elastic force on the sliding plate 110 during the process of recovering the deformation and elongation. Therefore, for the connecting member 120, the connecting member 120 is subjected to its own downward gravity and the downward elastic force provided by the assisting mechanism 130. For the sliding plate 110, the sliding plate 110 is subjected to its own downward gravity and the upward elastic force provided by the assisting mechanism 130.
  • the acceleration of the connecting member 120 is greater than the acceleration of the slide 110.
  • the failure of the lifting rope 300 described in this solution does not mean that the lifting rope 300 is fixed on the column 200 and cannot move up or down, but means that the lifting rope 300 is broken or the connection between the lifting rope 300 and the connecting piece 120 is loose. The failure of the lifting rope 300 will cause the skateboard 110 to fall.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-fall assembly in FIG. 3 facing the column side.
  • the lifting rope 300 fails, the transmission structure 141 and the slide plate 110 fall downward together, and the connecting member 120 falls relative to the slide plate 110. Therefore, the connecting member 120 falls relative to the transmission structure 141, and the connecting member 120 generates a downward force on the transmission structure 141 when it contacts the transmission structure 141. Then, the transmission structure 141 is driven by the downward force of the connecting member 120, and the locking block 142 moves toward the column 200, so that the locking block 142 abuts against the surface of the column 200.
  • the connecting member 120 continuously applies a driving force to the transmission structure 141, so that the locking block 142 and the surface of the column 200 are kept in contact to form a large positive pressure, so that a large friction force is formed between the locking block 142 and the column 200, and finally the locking block 142 stops falling under the action of the friction force.
  • FIG7 shows a cross-sectional structural diagram of a locking mechanism provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the power-assisting mechanism 130 is fixed on the side of the slide plate 110 facing the column 200, and a telescopic rod 131 is provided on the side of the power-assisting mechanism 130 facing downwardly toward the connecting member 120.
  • the power-assisting mechanism 130 controls the telescopic rod 131 to extend rapidly to provide a downward force to the connecting member 120, so that the connecting member 120 moves downward relative to the slide plate 110, and then the connecting member 120 provides a downward force to the transmission structure 141, so that the transmission structure 141 placed between the locking block 142 and the slide plate 110 moves downward relative to the slide plate 110, and when the transmission structure 141 moves downwardly, it provides a force toward the column 200 to the locking block 142 placed on the slide plate 110, so that the locking block 142 is clamped between the column 200 and the transmission structure 141.
  • the connecting member 120 continuously applies driving force to the transmission structure 141, so that the locking block 142 maintains contact with the surface of the column 200 to form a large positive pressure, thereby forming a large friction force between the locking block 142 and the column 200, and finally the skateboard 110 stops falling.
  • the assist mechanism 130 can drive the connecting member 120 to descend along the second direction relative to the slide plate 110 when the lifting rope 300 fails, so that the transmission structure 141 provided on the slide plate 110 is driven by the connecting member 120 to drive the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200, so that the locking block 142 abuts against the surface of the column 200, and after the locking block 142 abuts against the surface of the column 200, under the continued action of the assist mechanism 130, the connecting member 120 continuously applies a driving force to the transmission structure 141, so that the locking block 142 maintains abutment with the surface of the column 200 to form a large positive pressure, thereby forming a large friction force between the locking block 142 and the column 200, and finally the locking block 142 stops falling under the action of the friction force, so that the slide plate 110 and the cargo stop falling.
  • the transmission structure 141 includes a rotating member 1411, and the rotating member 1411 is rotatably connected to the slide 110.
  • the rotating member 1411 has a first end 14111 and a second end 14112 opposite to each other, and the rotating member 1411 can be rotatably connected to the slide 110 via a rotating shaft 14113.
  • the rotating shaft 14113 is located between the first end 14111 and the second end 14112.
  • the rotating axis 14113' of the rotating member 1411 is the rotating axis of the rotating shaft 14113.
  • the first end 14111 is located at the end of the second end 14112 away from the column 200.
  • the connecting member 120 is connected to the first end 14111.
  • the connecting member 120 When the connecting member 120 descends along the second direction relative to the slide 110, the connecting member 120 drives the first end 14111 to rotate and descend relative to the rotating axis 14113'.
  • the locking block 142 is connected to the second end 14112, so that when the first end 14111 rotates and descends relative to the rotation axis 14113', the second end 14112 rotates and rises relative to the rotation axis 14113' and drives the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200.
  • the first end portion 14111 is located on the side of the rotating member 1411 away from the column 200.
  • a portion of the connecting member 120 is connected to the lower end of the first end portion 14111, so that when the connecting member 120 descends relative to the slide 110, the connecting member 120 drives the first end portion 14111 to rotate and descend relative to the rotation axis 14113'.
  • the connecting member 120 can also be connected to the upper end of the first end portion 14111.
  • the connecting member 120 directly acts on the upper end of the first end portion 14111.
  • the upper end of the first end portion 14111 is subjected to the downward force of the connecting member 120 and rotates and descends relative to the rotation axis 14113'.
  • the second end 14112 can be located on the side of the rotating member 1411 facing the column 200, and the locking block 142 is fixedly connected to the second end 14112, so that when the second end 14112 rotates and rises relative to the rotation axis 14113' and drives the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200, the locking block 142 and the rotating member 1411 remain relatively stationary, the locking block 142 contacts the column 200, and stops falling due to the friction generated by the column 200.
  • the connecting member 120 By connecting the connecting member 120 to the first end 14111 of the rotating member 1411 away from the column 200, and the rotation axis 14113' of the rotating member 1411 is set between the first end 14111 and the second end 14112, when the connecting member 120 descends relative to the slide plate 110 along the second direction, the connecting member 120 drives the first end 14111 to rotate and descend relative to the rotation axis 14113', so that the second end 14112 rotates and rises relative to the optional axis 14113'.
  • a first plug-in portion 121 is provided on the connector 120 .
  • a first opening 14111 a is provided on the first end portion 14111 .
  • the first plug-in portion 121 is inserted into the first opening 14111 a .
  • the first end portion 14111 may be provided with a first opening 14111 a communicating at both sides as shown in FIG. 4 , or the first end portion 14111 may be provided with only a groove, with the notch of the groove facing the first plug-in portion 121 .
  • the connecting member 120 By inserting the first plug-in portion 121 into the first opening 14111a, when the connecting member 120 descends relative to the slide 110, the connecting member 120 can quickly drive the first end portion 14111 to rotate and descend relative to the rotation axis 14113', and when the slide 110 stops falling, the connecting member 120 can be fixed in the first opening 14111a through the first plug-in portion 121 and stop descending.
  • the locking mechanism 140 also includes a swing arm 143 and a limit block 144.
  • the locking block 142 is rotatably connected to the second end 14112 via the swing arm 143.
  • the limit block 144 is disposed on the slide 110, and is used to guide the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200 when the second end 14112 drives the locking block 142 to rise, and abuts against a side of the locking block 142 that is away from the column 200, so that the locking block 142 is clamped and fixed between the limit block 144 and the column 200.
  • the locking block 142 is connected to the second end portion 14112 through the swing arm 143.
  • the swing arm 143 drives the locking block 142 to rotate and rise.
  • the limit block 144 arranged on the side of the locking block 142 away from the column 200 guides the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200 and abuts against the locking block 142, so that the locking block 142 is clamped between the column 200 and the limit block 144, thereby stopping the skateboard 110 from falling.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking mechanism when the lifting device provided by an embodiment of the present application is working normally
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking mechanism when the lifting rope provided by an embodiment of the present application fails.
  • the second end 14112 is provided with a sliding hole 14112a, and the sliding hole 14112a extends from the second end 14112 to the first end 14111.
  • One end of the swing arm 143 is slidably connected to the second end 14112 through the sliding hole 14112a. Specifically, a part of the swing arm 143 is inserted into the sliding hole 14112a, so that the swing arm 143 can rotate and slide relative to the rotating member 1411.
  • the connecting member 120 provides a downward force to the first end 14111, so that the rotating member 1411 rotates, and then the rotating member 1411 drives the swing arm 143 to move in the direction indicated by the arrow a in FIG9 , forming the state shown in FIG9 .
  • the swing arm 143 drives the locking block 142 to move upward
  • the limit block 144 guides the locking block 142 to move in the direction indicated by the arrow b, that is, the locking block 142 has not only an upward displacement, but also a displacement toward the column 200.
  • the locking block 142 is rotatably connected to the second end 14112 through the swing arm 143, and one end of the swing arm 143 is slidably connected to the second end 14112 through the sliding hole 14112a, the part of the swing arm 143 located in the sliding hole 14112a moves to the left relative to the sliding hole 14112a under the drive of the locking block 142, that is, moves in the direction away from the first end 14111, so that the swing arm 143 and the locking block 142 remain in a vertical state, and the locking block 142 and the limit block 144 can always be in surface contact, thereby ensuring the stability of the locking block 142 when it is clamped between the limit block 144 and the column 200.
  • the limit block 144 has a first inclined surface 1441, and the first inclined surface 1441 contacts the locking block 142.
  • the locking block 142 moves toward the column 200 while rising along the first inclined surface 1441.
  • the first inclined surface 1441 converts part of the gravity of the cargo and the slide 110 into a force perpendicular to the first inclined surface 1441 and applies it to the locking block 142, and a part of the force is directed toward the column 200, and this part of the force increases the abutment force of the locking block 142 against the column 200.
  • the first inclined surface 1441 is inclined away from the locking block 142 in the descending direction, and the locking block 142 is brought into contact with the first inclined surface 1441 of the limit block 144, so that when the second end 14112 drives the locking block 142 to rise, the locking block 142 rises along the first inclined surface 1441 and moves toward the column 200, and when the locking block 142 abuts against the column 200, the first inclined surface 1441 directs a part of the gravity of the cargo and the slide 110 toward the column 200 and applies it to the locking block 142, so that the locking block 142 is more firmly clamped between the column 200 and the limit block 144, so that the slide 110 is more stably fixed on the column 200.
  • the locking block 142 has a second inclined surface 1421 matching the first inclined surface 1441, so that when the locking block 142 moves toward the column 200, the second inclined surface 1421 maintains surface contact with the first inclined surface 1441.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a lubrication structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • a lubrication structure 1422 is provided between the first inclined surface 1441 and the second inclined surface 1421 .
  • a groove may be provided on the second inclined surface 1421 of the locking block 142, and the lubricating structure 1422 may be fixed to the locking block 142 through the groove, and the surface of the lubricating structure 1422 facing the limiting block 144 may contact the first inclined surface 1441 of the limiting block 144. It is understood that in some other embodiments, a groove may be provided on the side of the first inclined surface 1441 of the limiting block 144, and the lubricating structure 1422 may be fixed to the limiting block 144 through the groove, and the surface of the lubricating structure 1422 facing the locking block 142 may contact the second inclined surface 1421 of the locking block 142.
  • the lubricating structure 1422 may also be a lubricating layer coated on the first inclined surface 1441 or the second inclined surface 1421.
  • the materials of the locking block 142, the limit block and the column 200 can be selected so that the friction coefficient between the locking block 142 and the limit block 144 is as small as possible, and the friction coefficient between the locking block 142 and the column 200 is as large as possible.
  • the locking block 142 and the limit block 144 are both made of steel, and the column 200 is made of aluminum. Since the friction coefficient between steel and steel is small, the friction force between the locking block 142 and the limit block 144 is small. Since the friction coefficient between steel and aluminum is large, the friction force between the locking block 142 and the column 200 is large.
  • the lubrication structure 1422 may not be set between the first inclined surface 1441 and the second inclined surface 1421, and the skateboard 110 can stop falling quickly.
  • the material type selection is The friction coefficient is relatively large.
  • the two surfaces of the lubrication structure 1422 are in contact with the locking block 142 and the limit block 144 respectively, while the locking block 142 and the limit block 144 are not in direct contact with each other, so that the locking block 142 and the limit block 144 can slide relative to each other more flexibly and quickly, and then the second inclined surface 1421 of the locking block 142 moves rapidly toward the column 200 under the guidance of the first inclined surface 1441.
  • the locking block 142 can be quickly clamped between the column 200 and the limit block 144 under the action of the large friction force of the column 200, so that when the lifting rope 300 fails, the slide plate 110 can stop quickly, thereby achieving a good anti-falling effect.
  • the side of the locking block 142 facing the column 200 is used to be set parallel to the column 200, so that when the locking block 142 moves toward the column 200, the locking block 142 and the column 200 are in surface contact.
  • the locking block 142 is rotatably connected to the rotating member 1411 , and the locking block 142 is arranged parallel to the column 200 on the side facing the column 200 , so that when the locking block 142 moves toward the column 200 , the locking block 142 and the column 200 are in surface contact.
  • the locking block 142 is arranged parallel to the column 200 on one side thereof, and when the transmission structure 141 moves downward, it provides a force toward the column 200 to the locking block 142 , so that the locking block 142 is in surface contact with the column 200 .
  • the friction coefficient of the two surfaces between the locking block 142 and the column 200 is set as large as possible, so that when the locking block 142 abuts against the surface of the column 200, the locking block 142 will be subjected to the greater friction force of the column 200 and stop falling quickly.
  • the locking block 142 By arranging the locking block 142 parallel to the column 200 on one side thereof, when the locking block 142 moves toward the column 200, the locking block 142 and the column 200 are in surface contact, so that the slide plate 110 can be more stably maintained after stopping falling.
  • the slide plate 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are arranged opposite to each other, and the first surface 111 is closer to the column 200 than the second surface.
  • the slide plate 110 is provided with an accommodating opening 113 that passes through the first surface and the second surface, the transmission structure 141 is at least partially arranged in the accommodating opening 113, and the locking block 142 protrudes from the first surface 111.
  • the transmission structure 141 By opening a receiving opening 113 penetrating the first surface 111 and the second surface on the slide plate 110, the transmission structure 141 can be at least partially disposed in the receiving opening 113, so that the transmission structure 141 and the slide plate 110 are The thickness along the first direction at least partially overlaps, which can save the occupied space of the fall prevention assembly 100 .
  • one end of the connecting member 120 along the second direction (the lower end in FIG. 3) abuts against the slide plate 110, so that the connecting member 120 can drive the slide plate 110 to move up and down along the second direction.
  • a first gap 122 is formed between the other end of the connecting member 120 along the second direction (the upper end in FIG. 3) and the slide plate 110, so that when the lifting rope 300 fails, the connecting member 120 can move downward relative to the slide plate 110 along the second direction.
  • the connecting member 120 By forming a first gap 122 between the connecting member 120 and the slide plate 110 , when the lifting rope 300 fails, the connecting member 120 quickly drops relative to the slide plate 110 to quickly drive the transmission structure 141 and then drive the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200 .
  • a second opening 123 is provided on the connecting member 120, and a second plug-in portion 114 is provided on the slide plate 110.
  • the second plug-in portion 114 is inserted into the second opening 123, and the lower end of the second plug-in portion 114 along the second direction abuts against the inner wall of one end of the second opening 123, and the first gap 122 is formed between the upper end of the second plug-in portion 114 along the second direction and the inner wall of the other end of the second opening 123.
  • Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection member and the slide plate provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the slide plate 110 is provided with an opening, the connection member 120 is inserted into the opening, and the upper end of the connection member 120 is in contact with the inner wall of one end of the opening, and a gap is formed between the lower end of the connection member 120 and the inner wall of the other end of the opening.
  • the connector 120 can quickly move downward in the second direction relative to the slide 110 to quickly drive the transmission structure 141 and then drive the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200.
  • the assisting mechanism 130 includes an elastic member 132 connected between the connecting member 120 and the slide plate 110 .
  • the elastic member 132 may be a structure that can be elastically deformed, such as a spring or a spring sheet.
  • the upper end of the elastic member 132 is connected to the slide plate 110, and the lower end is connected to the connecting member 120.
  • the elastic member 132 is in a compressed state.
  • the lifting rope 300 fails, the elastic member 132 generates a downward elastic force on the connecting member 120, thereby driving the connecting member 120 to descend relative to the slide plate 110.
  • the upper end of the elastic member 132 is connected to the connecting member 120, and the lower end is connected to the slide plate 110.
  • the elastic member 132 is in a stretched state. In this state, when the lifting rope 300 fails, the elastic member 132 generates a downward elastic force on the connecting member 120, thereby driving the connecting member 120 to descend relative to the slide plate 110.
  • the elastic member 132 By connecting the elastic member 132 between the connecting member 120 and the slide plate 110, the elastic member 132 generates a downward elastic force on the connecting member 120, so that when the lifting rope 300 fails, the elastic force generated by the elastic member 132 on the connecting member 120 can immediately drive the connecting member 120 to descend relative to the slide plate 110, so that the connecting member 120 quickly drives the transmission structure 141 to drive the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200.
  • the slide plate 110 is provided with a first fixing portion 115
  • the connecting member 120 is provided with a second fixing portion 124
  • the first fixing portion 115 and the second fixing portion 124 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction.
  • the elastic member 132 is connected between the first fixing portion 115 and the second fixing portion 124, and when the lifting rope 300 fails, the elastic member 132 drives the connecting member 120 to descend along the second direction relative to the slide plate 110 through elastic force.
  • the elastic member 132 can be easily installed between the slide plate 110 and the connecting member 120, so that when the lifting rope 300 fails, the elastic member 132 drives the connecting member 120 to descend along the second direction relative to the slide plate 110 through elastic force.
  • a lifting device 1000 including: a column 200, a lifting rope 300, a driving member and an anti-fall assembly 100 of any one of the above-mentioned schemes, the slide plate 110 is limitedly connected to the column 200 along the first direction, and the driving member is connected to the connecting member 120 through the lifting rope 300, so that the driving member drives the slide plate 110 to move up and down along the second direction through the lifting rope 300 and the connecting member 120 in turn.
  • the slide plate 110 is connected to the column 200 in a limited position along the first direction, and the assist mechanism 130 is arranged between the connecting member 120 and the slide plate 110, so that when the lifting rope 300 fails, the assist mechanism 130 can drive the connecting member 120 to descend along the second direction relative to the slide plate 110, and then the transmission structure 141 arranged on the slide plate 110 is driven by the connecting member 120 to drive the locking block 142 to move toward the column 200, so as to lock the lifting rope 300.
  • the tightening block 142 abuts against the surface of the column 200.
  • the connecting member 120 continues to apply a driving force to the transmission structure 141, so that the locking block 142 and the surface of the column 200 remain in abutment to form a large positive pressure, thereby forming a large friction force between the locking block 142 and the column 200.
  • the locking block 142 stops falling under the action of the friction force, so that the slide plate 110 and the cargo stop falling.
  • a load-bearing platform is provided on the slide plate 110, and the load-bearing platform is used to carry goods.

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Abstract

一种防坠落组件及升降装置，防坠落组件（100）包括滑板（110）、连接件（120）、助力机构（130）和锁紧机构（140）；滑板（110）沿第一方向与立柱（200）限位连接；连接件（120）与滑板（110）相抵接，并用于与升降绳（300）连接，使得升降绳（300）可通过连接件（120）带动滑板（110）沿第二方向升降移动；助力机构（130）设置于连接件（120）和滑板（110）之间，助力机构（130）用于在升降绳（300）发生故障时驱动连接件（120）相对于滑板（110）沿第二方向下降；锁紧机构（140）设置于滑板（110）上，包括传动结构（141）和锁紧块（142）；传动结构（141）用于在连接件（120）相对于滑板（110）沿第二方向下降移动时，受连接件（120）的驱动进而带动锁紧块（142）朝向立柱（200）运动，以将锁紧块（142）抵接于立柱（200）表面，使滑板（110）停止下降。升降绳（300）发生故障时，滑板（110）会停止坠落并固定于立柱（200）上，以免引发安全事故。

Description

防坠落组件及升降装置
本申请要求于2022年9月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211190543.5、申请名称为“防坠落组件及升降装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及升降机构技术领域，具体涉及一种防坠落组件及升降装置。
背景技术
现有的提升机中，用于安装承载台的滑板一般与钢丝绳连接，以通过钢丝绳带动滑板进行升降。当钢丝绳断裂或连接松动时，滑板以及放置在承载台上的货物会发生坠落，从而导致货物损坏，甚至引发安全事故。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明实施例提供了一种防坠落组件及升降装置，使得升降绳发生故障时，滑板会停止坠落并固定于立柱上，以免引发安全事故。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，提供了一种防坠落组件，防坠落组件，应用于升降装置，升降装置包括立柱和设置在立柱上的升降绳，防坠落组件包括滑板、连接件、助力机构和所及机构；其中，滑板用于承载货物，沿第一方向与立柱限位连接；连接件，与滑板相抵接，并用于与升降绳连接，使得升降绳可通过连接件带动滑板沿第二方向升降移动，第二方向与第一方向相垂直；助力机构，设置于连接件和滑板之间，助力机构用于在升降绳发生故障时驱动连接件相对于滑板沿第二方向下降；以及锁紧机构，设置于滑板上，包括传动结构和锁紧块；传动结构用于在连接件相对于滑板沿第二方向下降移动时，受连接件的驱动进而带动锁紧块朝向立柱运动，以将锁紧块抵接于立柱表面，使滑板停止下降。
本申请的防坠落组件通过将滑板沿第一方向与立柱限位连接，并通过在连接件和滑板之间设置助力机构，使得升降绳发生故障时助力机构可以驱动连接件相对于滑板沿第二方向下降，进而使设置于滑板上的传动结构受连接件的驱动而带动锁紧块朝向立柱运动，以将锁紧块抵接于立柱表面，并且锁紧块与立柱表面抵接之后，在助力机构的继续作用下，连接件持续向传动结构施加驱动力，以使锁紧块与立柱表面之间保持抵接以形成较大的正压力，从而使锁紧块与立柱之间形成较大的摩擦力，最终锁紧块在摩擦力的作用下停止坠落，使得滑板以及货物均停止下坠。
在一种可选的方式中，传动结构包括转动件，转动件与滑板转动连接；转动件具有相对的第一端部和第二端部，转动件的旋转轴线位于第一端部和第二端部之间；第一端部位于第二端部背离立柱的一端；连接件与第一端部连接，在连接件相对于滑板沿第二方向下降时，连接件带动第一端部相对于旋转轴线转动下降；锁紧块与第二端部连接，使得第一端部相对旋转轴线转动下降时，第二端部相对旋转轴线转动上升并带动锁紧块朝向立柱运动。通过将连接件与转动件上背离立柱的第一端部连接，且转动件的旋转轴线设置于第一端部和第二端部之间，使得连接件相对于滑板沿第二方向下降时，连接件带动第一端部相对于旋转轴线转动下降。并通过将锁紧块与第二端部连接，使得第一端部相对旋转轴线转动下降时，第二端部相对旋转轴线转动上升并带动锁紧块朝向立柱运动，最终滑板在立柱的摩擦力作用下停止坠落。
在一种可选的方式中，连接件上设置有第一插接部，第一端部设置有第一开口，第一插接部插置于第一开口中。通过将第一插接部插置于第一开口中，使得连接件相对于滑板下降时，连接件能迅速带动第一端部相对于旋转轴线转动下降，并在滑板停止坠落时，连接件能通过第一插接部固定于第一开口中，而停止下降。
在一种可选的方式中，锁紧机构还包括：摆臂，锁紧块通过摆臂转动连接于第二端部；第二端部相对旋转轴线转动上升时，通过摆臂带动锁紧块上升；和限位块，设置在滑板上，用于在第二端部带动锁紧块上升时，引导锁紧块朝向立柱运动，并与锁紧块背离立柱的一面抵接，使得锁紧块夹紧固定于限位块和立柱之间。锁紧块通过摆臂连接于第二端部，第二端 部相对于旋转轴线转动上升时，摆臂带动锁紧块转动上升，设置于锁紧块背离立柱一侧的限位块引导锁紧块朝向立柱运动，并与锁紧块抵接，使得锁紧块夹紧于立柱和限位块之间，从而使滑板停止坠落。
在一种可选的方式中，第二端部设有滑动孔，滑动孔从第二端部向第一端部延伸；摆臂的一端通过滑动孔与第二端部滑动连接，以使得锁紧块朝向立柱运动时，摆臂位于滑动孔内的部分朝远离第一端部的方向运动，进而使摆臂随锁紧块朝向立柱移动。通过上述方案摆臂和锁紧块保持竖直状态，进而使锁紧块与限位块之间可以始终为面接触，保证锁紧块夹紧于限位块和立柱之间时的稳定性。
在一种可选的方式中，限位块具有第一倾斜面，第一倾斜面与锁紧块接触；在第二端部带动锁紧块上升时，锁紧块沿着第一倾斜面上升的同时，朝立柱运动；在锁紧块与立柱抵接时，第一倾斜面将货物与滑板的重力的一部分转为与第一倾斜面相垂直的力，并施加于锁紧块，以增加锁紧块对立柱的抵接力。第一倾斜面沿下降方向偏离锁紧块倾斜，通过将锁紧块与限位块的第一倾斜面接触，使得第二端部带动锁紧块上升时，锁紧块沿着第一倾斜面上升的同时朝向立柱运动，并使得锁紧块与立柱抵接时，第一倾斜面将货物与滑板的重力的一部分朝向立柱的力并施加于锁紧块，进而锁紧块更加稳固地夹紧于立柱和限位块之间，从而滑板更稳定地固定于立柱上。
在一种可选的方式中，锁紧块具有与第一倾斜面匹配的第二倾斜面，使得锁紧块朝向立柱运动时，第二倾斜面与第一倾斜面保持面接触。由于锁紧块朝向立柱运动时，摆臂位于滑动孔内的部分通过滑动孔朝远离第一端部的方向运动，使得摆臂和锁紧块保持竖直状态，通过将锁紧块的第二倾斜面与限位块的第一倾斜面相匹配，使得锁紧块朝向立柱运动时，第二倾斜面与第一倾斜面始终保持面接触，以使锁紧块更加稳固地夹紧于立柱和限位块之间。
在一种可选的方式中，第一倾斜面与第二倾斜面之间设置有润滑结构。在综合考虑锁紧块、限位块和立柱的结构稳定性等因素对于材料种类的选择后，即使锁紧块和限位块两者的材料之间的摩擦系数较大，通过在锁紧块的第二倾斜面与限位块的第一倾斜面之间设置润滑结构，使得润滑结构 的两面分别与锁紧块和限位块接触，而锁紧块和限位块之间不直接接触，使得锁紧块和限位块之间可以更加灵活迅速地进行相对滑动，进而使得锁紧块的第二倾斜面在第一倾斜面的引导下迅速地朝向立柱运动，又由于锁紧块和立柱之间的摩擦系数较大，锁紧块在立柱较大的摩擦力作用下可以快速地夹紧于立柱和限位块之间，从而使升降绳故障时，滑板可以快速停止，起到良好的防坠落效果。
在一种可选的方式中，锁紧块朝向立柱的一侧用于与立柱平行设置，使得锁紧块朝向立柱运动时，锁紧块与立柱之间面接触。通过将锁紧块朝向立柱的一侧与立柱平行设置，使得锁紧块朝向立柱运动时，锁紧块与立柱之间面接触，进而使滑板停止坠落后可以更稳定地保持住。
在一种可选的方式中，滑板包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，第一表面相对于第二表面靠近立柱；滑板上开设有贯穿第一表面和第二表面的容纳口，传动结构至少部分设置于容纳口中，锁紧块凸出于第一表面。通过在滑板上开设贯穿第一表面和第二表面的容纳口，传动结构可至少部分设置于容纳口中，使得传动结构和滑板沿第一方向的厚度至少部分重叠，可节省防坠落组件的占用空间。
在一种可选的方式中，连接件沿第二方向的一端与滑板相抵接，使得连接件可带动滑板沿第二方向升降移动；连接件沿第二方向的另一端与滑板之间形成有第一间隙，使得升降绳发生故障时，连接件可相对于滑板沿第二方向下降移动。通过在连接件与滑板之间形成第一间隙，使得升降绳故障时，连接件相对于滑板快速下降，以快速驱动传动结构进而带动锁紧块朝向立柱运动。
在一种可选的方式中，连接件上设置有第二开口，滑板上设置有第二插接部，第二插接部插置于第二开口中，且第二插接部沿第二方向的下端与第二开口一端的内壁相抵接，第二插接部沿第二方向的上端与第二开口另一端的内壁之间形成第一间隙。通过将滑板的第二插接部插置于连接件的第二开口中，使得升降绳发生故障时，连接件可相对于滑板沿第二方向快速下降移动，以快速驱动传动结构进而带动锁紧块朝向立柱运动。
在一种可选的方式中，助力机构包括连接于连接件和滑板之间的弹性件。通过在连接件和滑板之间连接弹性件，使得弹性件对连接件产生向下 的弹力，进而使得升降绳发生故障时，弹性件对连接件产生的弹力能立即驱动连接件相对于滑板下降，从而连接件快速驱动传动结构以带动锁紧块朝向立柱运动。
在一种可选的方式中，滑板上设置有第一固定部，连接件上设置有第二固定部，第一固定部和第二固定部沿第二方向相对设置；弹性件连接于第一固定部和第二固定部之间，在升降绳发生故障时，弹性件通过弹力驱动连接件相对于滑板沿第二方向下降。通过在滑板上设置有第一固定部，在连接件上设置有第二固定部，使得弹性件便于安装于滑板和连接件之间，从而在升降绳发生故障时，弹性件通过弹力驱动连接件相对于滑板沿第二方向下降。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种升降装置，升降装置包括：立柱、升降绳、驱动件和上述方案中任意一项的防坠落组件，滑板与立柱沿第一方向限位连接，驱动件通过升降绳与连接件连接，使得驱动件依次通过升降绳和连接件带动滑板沿第二方向升降移动。
在一种可选的方式中，滑板上设置有承载台，承载台用于承载货物。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本发明的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1示出了本申请一实施例提供的升降装置的结构示意图；
图2示出了本申请一实施例提供的升降装置中立柱和防坠落组件的结构示意图；
图3示出了本申请一实施例提供的防坠落组件的结构示意图；
图4示出了本申请一实施例提供的锁紧机构的结构示意图；
图5示出了本申请一实施例提供的滑轮设置于立柱内的结构示意图；
图6示出了本申请图3中的防坠落组件朝向立柱一侧的结构示意图；
图7示出了本申请另一实施例提供的锁紧机构的剖面结构示意图；
图8示出了本申请一实施例提供的升降装置正常工作时锁紧机构的结构示意图；
图9示出了本申请一实施例提供的升降绳故障时锁紧机构的结构示意图；
图10示出了本申请一实施例提供的润滑结构的结构示意图；以及
图11示出了本申请另一实施例提供的连接件与滑板相抵接的结构示意图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
1000、升降装置；100、防坠落组件；110、滑板；111、第一表面；112、第二表面；113、容纳口；114、第二插接部；115、第一固定部；120、连接件；121、第一插接部；122、第一间隙；123、第二开口；124、第二固定部；130、助力机构；131、伸缩杆；132、弹性件；140、锁紧机构；141、传动结构；1411、转动件；14111、第一端部；14111a、第一开口；14112、第二端部；14112a、滑动孔；14113、旋转轴；14113’、旋转轴线；142、锁紧块；1421、第二倾斜面；1422、润滑结构；143、摆臂；144、限位块；1441、第一倾斜面；200、立柱；210、滑轮；220、滑槽；300、升降绳。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求 书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：存在A，同时存在A和B，存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据 具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在提升机中，用于安装承载台的滑板一般与钢丝绳连接，以通过钢丝绳带动滑板进行升降。当钢丝绳断裂或连接松动时，滑板以及放置在承载台上的货物会发生坠落，从而导致货物损坏，甚至引发安全事故。
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种防坠落组件，通过将滑板沿第一方向与立柱限位连接，并通过在连接件和滑板之间设置助力机构，使得升降绳发生故障时助力机构可以驱动连接件相对于滑板沿第二方向下降，进而使设置滑板上的传动结构受连接件的驱动而带动锁紧块朝向立柱运动，以将锁紧块抵接于立柱表面，并且锁紧块与立柱表面抵接之后，在助力机构的继续作用下，连接件持续向传动结构施加驱动力，以使锁紧块与立柱表面之间保持抵接以形成较大的正压力，从而使锁紧块与立柱之间形成较大的摩擦力，最终锁紧块在摩擦力的作用下停止坠落，使得滑板以及货物均停止下坠。
请参阅图1至图4，图1示出了本申请一实施例提供的升降装置的结构示意图，图2示出了本申请一实施例提供的升降装置中立柱和防坠落组件的结构示意图，图3示出了本申请一实施例提供的防坠落组件的结构示意图，图4示出了本申请一实施例提供的锁紧机构的结构示意图，第一方向为如图2中所示的X方向，第二方向为如图2中所示的Z方向，图2中的Y方向与X方向和Z方向均垂直。如图中所示，本申请提供的防坠落组件100应用于升降装置1000，升降装置1000包括立柱200和设置在立柱200上的升降绳300，防坠落组件100包括：滑板110、连接件120、助力机构130、锁紧机构140。滑板110用于承载货物，并且沿第一方向与立柱200限位连接。连接件120与滑板110相抵接，并用于与升降绳300连接，使得升降绳300可通过连接件120带动滑板110沿第二方向升降移动，第二方向与第一方向相垂直。助力机构130设置于连接件120和滑板110之间，助力机构130用于在升降绳300发生故障时驱动连接件120相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降。锁紧机构140设置于滑板110上，锁紧机构140包括传动结构141和锁紧块142。传动结构141用于在连接件120相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降移动时，受连接件120的驱动进而带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动，以将锁紧块142抵接于立柱200表面，使滑板110停止下降。
为了便于描述，将X方向表示为水平方向，将Z方向表示为竖直方向。 请参阅图5，图5示出了本申请一实施例提供的滑轮设置于立柱内的结构示意图，立柱200上可以设置滑槽220，滑轮210设置在滑槽220内，滑板110可通过滑轮210与滑槽220连接，从而相对于立柱200沿上下方向升降移动，并且滑板110在水平方向受到远离立柱200的力时，通过滑槽220对滑轮210的限位使滑板110不会远离立柱200运动。
请继续参阅图2和图3，具体地，在升降装置1000正常工作情况下，连接件120与滑板110相抵接，升降绳300与连接件120连接，升降绳300可以通过在固定在立柱200上的驱动件的驱动下实现升降，升降绳300通过连接件120带动滑板110沿竖直方向升降移动，此时连接件120与滑板110处于相对静止状态。
助力机构130可以为弹簧等具有弹性的结构，在正常工作的条件下，连接件120和滑板110挤压助力机构130使助力机构130压缩。
当升降绳300发生故障时，连接件120和滑板110均向下坠落。具体地，由于升降绳300故障，因此升降绳300无法对连接件120提供向上的拉力，进而连接件120和滑板110无法再对助力机构130形成挤压，助力机构130在恢复形变伸长的过程中，使连接件120相对于滑板110沿竖直方向下降。
具体地，助力机构130在恢复形变伸长的过程中，对连接件120产生向下的弹力，对滑板110产生的向上的弹力，因此，对于连接件120而言，连接件120受到自身向下的重力以及助力机构130提供的向下的弹力，对于滑板110而言，滑板110受到自身向下的重力以及助力机构130提供的向上的弹力。
根据a＝F/m，其中a为加速度，F为物体受到的加速度方向的力，m为物体的质量，可知，在竖直向下的方向上，
，
因此，连接件120的加速度大于滑板110的加速度。又根据v＝at，其中v为速度，t为时间，可知，连接件120向下坠落的速度比滑板110的速度大。因此，升降绳300故障时，连接件120相对于滑板110下降。
需要说明的是，本方案所述的升降绳300故障并不是指升降绳300固定在立柱200上而无法向上或向下移动，而是指升降绳300断裂或升降绳300出现与连接件120的连接松动等情况，升降绳300故障将导致滑板110坠落。
请参阅图4和图6，图6示出了图3中的防坠落组件朝向立柱一侧的结构示意图。具体地，升降绳300故障时，传动结构141和滑板110一起向下坠落，而连接件120相对于滑板110下降，因此，连接件120相对于传动结构141下降，连接件120接触到传动结构141时对传动结构141产生向下的力。进而传动结构141在连接件120向下的力的驱动下，带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动，使得锁紧块142抵接于立柱200表面。在助力机构130的继续作用下，连接件120持续向传动结构141施加驱动力，以使锁紧块142与立柱200表面之间保持抵接以形成较大的正压力，从而使锁紧块142与立柱200之间形成较大的摩擦力，最终锁紧块142在摩擦力的作用下停止坠落。
请参阅图7，图7示出了本申请另一实施例提供的锁紧机构的剖面结构示意图。助力机构130固定在滑板110朝向立柱200的一侧，助力机构130向下朝向连接件120的一侧设置有伸缩杆131，助力机构130接收到检测结构检测到的升降绳300断裂信号后，助力机构130通过控制伸缩杆131迅速伸长以向连接件120提供向下的力，使得连接件120相对于滑板110向下运动，接着连接件120向传动结构141提供向下的力，使得放置于锁紧块142和滑板110之间的传动结构141相对于滑板110向下移动，传动结构141向下移动时向放置在滑板110上的锁紧块142提供朝向立柱200的力，进而使得锁紧块142夹紧于立柱200和传动结构141之间。在助力机构130的继续作用下，连接件120持续向传动结构141施加驱动力，以使锁紧块142与立柱200表面之间保持抵接以形成较大的正压力，从而使锁紧块142与立柱200之间形成较大的摩擦力，最终滑板110停止坠落。
通过将滑板110沿第一方向与立柱200限位连接，并通过在连接件120和滑板110之间设置助力机构130，使得升降绳300发生故障时助力机构130可以驱动连接件120相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降，进而使设置于滑板110上的传动结构141受连接件120的驱动而带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动，以将锁紧块142抵接于立柱200表面，并且锁紧块142与立柱200表面抵接之后，在助力机构130的继续作用下，连接件120持续向传动结构141施加驱动力，以使锁紧块142与立柱200表面之间保持抵接以形成较大的正压力，从而使锁紧块142与立柱200之间形成较大的摩擦力，最终锁紧块142在摩擦力的作用下停止坠落，使得滑板110以及货物均停止下坠。
请继续参阅图3和图4，在一种可选的实施例中，传动结构141包括转动件1411，转动件1411与滑板110转动连接。转动件1411具有相对的第一端部14111和第二端部14112，转动件1411可以通过旋转轴14113与滑板110转动连接。其中，旋转轴14113位于第一端部14111和第二端部14112之间。转动件1411的旋转轴线14113’即旋转轴14113的旋转轴线。第一端部14111位于第二端部14112背离立柱200的一端。连接件120与第一端部14111连接，在连接件120相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降时，连接件120带动第一端部14111相对于旋转轴线14113’转动下降。锁紧块142与第二端部14112连接，使得第一端部14111相对旋转轴线14113’转动下降时，第二端部14112相对旋转轴线14113’转动上升并带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动。
请继续参阅图2和图4，具体地，第一端部14111位于转动件1411背离立柱200的一侧。连接件120的一部分与第一端部14111的下端连接，使得连接件120相对于滑板110下降时，连接件120带动第一端部14111相对于旋转轴线14113’转动下降。连接件120也可以与第一端部14111的上端连接，在转动件1411相对于滑板110下降时，连接件120直接作用于第一端部14111的上端，第一端部14111的上端受到连接件120向下的力而相对于旋转轴线14113’转动下降。
具体地，第二端部14112可以位于转动件1411朝向立柱200的一侧，锁紧块142与第二端部14112固定连接，使得第二端部14112相对旋转轴线14113’转动上升并带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动时，锁紧块142与转动件1411保持相对静止，锁紧块142与立柱200接触，并受到立柱200产生的摩擦力而停止坠落。
通过将连接件120与转动件1411上背离立柱200的第一端部14111连接，且转动件1411的旋转轴线14113’设置于第一端部14111和第二端部14112之间，使得连接件120相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降时，连接件120带动第一端部14111相对于旋转轴线14113’转动下降，从而，第二端部14112相对于选装轴线14113’转动上升。并通过将锁紧块142与第二端部14112连接，使得第一端部14111相对旋转轴线14113’转动下降时，第二端部14112相对旋转轴线14113’的转动上升可以带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动，最终滑板110在立柱200的摩擦力作用下停止坠落。
请继续参阅图3和图4，在一种可选的实施例中，连接件120上设置有第一插接部121，第一端部14111设置有第一开口14111a，第一插接部121插置于第一开口14111a中。
具体地，第一端部14111上可以开设如图4中所示的两侧相通的第一开口14111a，第一端部14111上也可以只开设凹槽，且凹槽的槽口朝向第一插接部121开设。
通过将第一插接部121插置于第一开口14111a中，使得连接件120相对于滑板110下降时，连接件120能迅速带动第一端部14111相对于旋转轴线14113’转动下降，并在滑板110停止坠落时，连接件120能通过第一插接部121固定于第一开口14111a中，而停止下降。
请继续参阅图3、图4和图6，在一种可选的实施例中，锁紧机构140还包括摆臂143和限位块144。锁紧块142通过摆臂143转动连接于第二端部14112。第二端部14112相对旋转轴线14113’转动上升时，通过摆臂143带动锁紧块142上升。限位块144设置在滑板110上，用于在第二端部14112带动锁紧块142上升时，引导锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动，并与锁紧块142背离立柱200的一面抵接，使得锁紧块142夹紧固定于限位块144和立柱200之间。
锁紧块142通过摆臂143连接于第二端部14112，第二端部14112相对于旋转轴线14113’转动上升时，摆臂143带动锁紧块142转动上升，设置于锁紧块142背离立柱200一侧的限位块144引导锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动，并与锁紧块142抵接，使得锁紧块142夹紧于立柱200和限位块144之间，从而使滑板110停止坠落。
请参阅图8和图9，图8示出了本申请一实施例提供的升降装置正常工作时锁紧机构的结构示意图，图9示出了本申请一实施例提供的升降绳故障时锁紧机构的结构示意图。在一种可选的实施例中，第二端部14112设有滑动孔14112a，滑动孔14112a从第二端部14112向第一端部14111延伸。摆臂143的一端通过滑动孔14112a与第二端部14112滑动连接，具体地，摆臂143的一部分插设在滑动孔14112a内，使得摆臂143可相对于转动件1411转动和滑动。由于摆臂143可相对于转动件1411滑动，可以使得锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动时，摆臂143位于滑动孔14112a内的部分朝远离第一端部14111 的方向运动，进而使摆臂143随锁紧块142朝向立柱200移动。
在图8中所示的状态下，当升降绳300发生故障时，连接件120向第一端部14111提供向下的力，使得转动件1411转动，进而转动件1411带动摆臂143沿如图9中箭头a所示方向移动，形成如图9中所示的状态。在此过程中，摆臂143带动锁紧块142向上移动，限位块144引导锁紧块142沿箭头b所示方向运动，亦即，锁紧块142除了具有向上的位移，还具有朝向立柱200的方向的位移。由于锁紧块142通过摆臂143转动连接于第二端部14112，且摆臂143的一端通过滑动孔14112a与第二端部14112滑动连接，因此，摆臂143位于滑动孔14112a内的部分在锁紧块142的带动下相对于滑动孔14112a向左运动，亦即朝远离第一端部14111的方向运动，从而使摆臂143和锁紧块142保持竖直状态，进而使锁紧块142与限位块144之间可以始终为面接触，保证锁紧块142夹紧于限位块144和立柱200之间时的稳定性。
请继续参阅图8和图9，在一种可选的实施例中，限位块144具有第一倾斜面1441，第一倾斜面1441与锁紧块142接触。在第二端部14112带动锁紧块142上升时，锁紧块142沿着第一倾斜面1441上升的同时，朝立柱200运动。在锁紧块142与立柱200抵接时，第一倾斜面1441将货物与滑板110的重力的一部分转为与第一倾斜面1441相垂直的力，并施加于锁紧块142，而该部分的力的一部分分力的方向朝向立柱200，该部分分力增加了锁紧块142对立柱200的抵接力。
第一倾斜面1441沿下降方向偏离锁紧块142倾斜，通过将锁紧块142与限位块144的第一倾斜面1441接触，使得第二端部14112带动锁紧块142上升时，锁紧块142沿着第一倾斜面1441上升的同时朝向立柱200运动，并使得锁紧块142与立柱200抵接时，第一倾斜面1441将货物与滑板110的重力的一部分朝向立柱200的力并施加于锁紧块142，进而锁紧块142更加稳固地夹紧于立柱200和限位块144之间，从而滑板110更稳定地固定于立柱200上。
请继续参阅图8和图9，在一种可选的实施例中，锁紧块142具有与第一倾斜面1441匹配的第二倾斜面1421，使得锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动时，第二倾斜面1421与第一倾斜面1441保持面接触。
由于锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动时，摆臂143位于滑动孔14112a内的部分通过滑动孔14112a朝远离第一端部14111的方向运动，使得摆臂143和锁紧块142保持竖直状态，通过将锁紧块142的第二倾斜面1421与限位块144的第一倾斜面1441相匹配，使得锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动时，第二倾斜面1421与第一倾斜面1441始终保持面接触，以使锁紧块142更加稳固地夹紧于立柱200和限位块144之间。
请参阅图10，图10示出了本申请一实施例提供的润滑结构的结构示意图，在一种可选的实施例中，第一倾斜面1441与第二倾斜面1421之间设置有润滑结构1422。
请继续参阅图10，具体地，可在锁紧块142的第二倾斜面1421上开设凹槽，润滑结构1422通过凹槽固定于锁紧块142上，润滑结构1422朝向限位块144一侧的面与限位块144的第一倾斜面1441接触。可以理解的是，在其他一些实施例中，也可在限位块144的第一倾斜面1441一侧开设凹槽，润滑结构1422通过凹槽固定于限位块144上，润滑结构1422朝向锁紧块142一侧的面与锁紧块142的第二倾斜面1421接触。润滑结构1422也可以是在第一倾斜面1441或第二倾斜面1421上涂的润滑层。
为了让滑板110快速停止坠落，可通过对锁紧块142、限位块和立柱200的材料进行选择，使得锁紧块142和限位块144之间的摩擦系数尽量小，锁紧块142和立柱200之间的摩擦系数尽量大，例如锁紧块142和限位块144均选用钢材，立柱200选用铝材，由于钢材和钢材之间的摩擦系数较小，使得锁紧块142和限位块144之间的摩擦力较小，又由于钢材和铝材之间的摩擦系数较大，使得锁紧块142和立柱200之间的摩擦力较大，在这种情况下第一倾斜面1441和第二倾斜面1421之间可以不设置润滑结构1422，滑板110可快速停止坠落。
为了让滑板110快速停止坠落，不仅要考虑锁紧块142和限位块144之间的摩擦系数要较小，锁紧块142和立柱200之间的摩擦系数要较大，还要综合考虑锁紧块142、限位块144和立柱200的结构稳定性等因数。由此可知，锁紧块142、限位块144和立柱200可选用的材料种类受限。
因此，在综合考虑锁紧块142、限位块144和立柱200的结构稳定性等因素对于材料种类的选择后，即使锁紧块142和限位块144两者的材料之间 的摩擦系数较大，通过在锁紧块142的第二倾斜面1421与限位块144的第一倾斜面1441之间设置润滑结构1422，使得润滑结构1422的两面分别与锁紧块142和限位块144接触，而锁紧块142和限位块144之间不直接接触，使得锁紧块142和限位块144之间可以更加灵活迅速地进行相对滑动，进而使得锁紧块142的第二倾斜面1421在第一倾斜面1441的引导下迅速地朝向立柱200运动，又由于锁紧块142和立柱200之间的摩擦系数较大，锁紧块142在立柱200较大的摩擦力作用下可以快速地夹紧于立柱200和限位块144之间，从而使升降绳300故障时，滑板110可以快速停止，起到良好的防坠落效果。
请继续参阅图4和图7，在一种可选的实施例中，锁紧块142朝向立柱200的一侧用于与立柱200平行设置，使得锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动时，锁紧块142与立柱200之间面接触。
请继参阅图4，将锁紧块142与转动件1411转动连接，并将锁紧块142朝向立柱200的一侧与立柱200平行设置，可以使得锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动时，锁紧块142与立柱200之间面接触。
请继续参阅图7，将锁紧块142朝向立柱200的一侧与立柱200平行设置，传动结构141向下移动时向锁紧块142提供朝向立柱200的力，使得锁紧块142与立柱200之间面接触。
在具体实施过程中，尽量将锁紧块142和立柱200之间相抵接的两个面的摩擦系数设置得较大，这样锁紧块142抵接于立柱200的表面时，锁紧块142会受到立柱200较大的摩擦力而快速停止坠落。
通过将锁紧块142朝向立柱200的一侧与立柱200平行设置，使得锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动时，锁紧块142与立柱200之间面接触，进而使滑板110停止坠落后可以更稳定地保持住。
请继续参阅图3和图6，在一种可选的实施例中，滑板110包括相对设置的第一表面111和第二表面112，第一表面111相对于第二表面靠近立柱200。滑板110上开设有贯穿第一表面和第二表面的容纳口113，传动结构141至少部分设置于容纳口113中，锁紧块142凸出于第一表面111。
通过在滑板110上开设贯穿第一表面111和第二表面的容纳口113，传动结构141可至少部分设置于容纳口113中，使得传动结构141和滑板110 沿第一方向的厚度至少部分重叠，可节省防坠落组件100的占用空间。
请继续参阅图3，在一种可选的实施例中，连接件120沿第二方向的一端(图3中的下端)与滑板110相抵接，使得连接件120可带动滑板110沿第二方向升降移动。连接件120沿第二方向的另一端(图3中的上端)与滑板110之间形成有第一间隙122，使得升降绳300发生故障时，连接件120可相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降移动。
通过在连接件120与滑板110之间形成第一间隙122，使得升降绳300故障时，连接件120相对于滑板110快速下降，以快速驱动传动结构141进而带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动。
请继续参阅图3，在一种可选的实施例中，连接件120上设置有第二开口123，滑板110上设置有第二插接部114，第二插接部114插置于第二开口123中，且第二插接部114沿第二方向的下端与第二开口123一端的内壁相抵接，第二插接部114沿第二方向的上端与第二开口123另一端的内壁之间形成所述第一间隙122。
请参阅图11，图11示出了本申请另一实施例提供的连接件与滑板相抵接的结构示意图。具体地，滑板110上设置有开口，连接件120插置于开口中，且连接件120的上端与开口一端的内壁相抵接，连接件120的下端与开口的另一端的内壁之间形成空隙。
通过将滑板110的第二插接部114插置于连接件120的第二开口123中，使得升降绳300发生故障时，连接件120可相对于滑板110沿第二方向快速下降移动，以快速驱动传动结构141进而带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动。
请继续参阅图3，在一种可选的实施例中，助力机构130包括连接于连接件120和滑板110之间的弹性件132。
请继续参阅图3，具体地，弹性件132可以为弹簧、弹片等可发生弹性形变的结构。弹性件132的上端与滑板110连接，下端与连接件120连接。正常工作时，弹性件132处于压缩状态，当升降绳300发生故障时，弹性件132对连接件120产生向下的弹力，从而驱动连接件120相对于滑板110下降。
对于图11中所示的具体实施例而言，弹性件132的上端与连接件120连接，下端与滑板110连接，升降绳300正常工作时，弹性件132处于拉伸状 态，当升降绳300发生故障时，弹性件132对连接件120产生向下的弹力，从而驱动连接件120相对于滑板110下降。
通过在连接件120和滑板110之间连接弹性件132，使得弹性件132对连接件120产生向下的弹力，进而使得升降绳300发生故障时，弹性件132对连接件120产生的弹力能立即驱动连接件120相对于滑板110下降，从而连接件120快速驱动传动结构141以带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动。
请继续参阅图3，在一种可选的实施例中，滑板110上设置有第一固定部115，连接件120上设置有第二固定部124，第一固定部115和第二固定部124沿第二方向相对设置。弹性件132连接于第一固定部115和第二固定部124之间，在升降绳300发生故障时，弹性件132通过弹力驱动连接件120相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降。
通过在滑板110上设置有第一固定部115，在连接件120上设置有第二固定部124，使得弹性件132便于安装于滑板110和连接件120之间，从而在升降绳300发生故障时，弹性件132通过弹力驱动连接件120相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降。
请继续参阅图2和图3，根据本申请的另一方面，还提供一种升降装置1000，包括：立柱200、升降绳300、驱动件和上述方案中任意一项的防坠落组件100，滑板110与立柱200沿第一方向限位连接，驱动件通过升降绳300与连接件120连接，使得驱动件依次通过升降绳300和连接件120带动滑板110沿第二方向升降移动。
本申请实施例提供的升降装置1000中，通过将滑板110沿第一方向与立柱200限位连接，并通过在连接件120和滑板110之间设置助力机构130，使得升降绳300发生故障时助力机构130可以驱动连接件120相对于滑板110沿第二方向下降，进而使设置于滑板110上的传动结构141受连接件120的驱动而带动锁紧块142朝向立柱200运动，以将锁紧块142抵接于立柱200表面，并且锁紧块142与立柱200表面抵接之后，在助力机构130的继续作用下，连接件120持续向传动结构141施加驱动力，以使锁紧块142与立柱200表面之间保持抵接以形成较大的正压力，从而使锁紧块142与立柱200之间形成较大的摩擦力，最终锁紧块142在摩擦力的作用下停止坠落，使得滑板110以及货物均停止下坠。
在一种可选的实施例中，滑板110上设置有承载台，承载台用于承载货物。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种防坠落组件，应用于升降装置，所述升降装置包括立柱和设置在立柱上的升降绳，其特征在于，所述防坠落组件包括：
    滑板，用于承载货物，沿第一方向与所述立柱限位连接；
    连接件，与所述滑板相抵接，并用于与所述升降绳连接，使得所述升降绳可通过所述连接件带动所述滑板沿第二方向升降移动，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直；
    助力机构，设置于所述连接件和所述滑板之间，所述助力机构用于在所述升降绳发生故障时驱动所述连接件相对于所述滑板沿所述第二方向下降；以及
    锁紧机构，设置于所述滑板上，包括传动结构和锁紧块；所述传动结构用于在所述连接件相对于所述滑板沿所述第二方向下降移动时，受所述连接件的驱动进而带动所述锁紧块朝向所述立柱运动，以将所述锁紧块抵接于所述立柱表面，使所述滑板停止下降。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述传动结构包括转动件，所述转动件与所述滑板转动连接；所述转动件具有相对的第一端部和第二端部，所述转动件的旋转轴线位于所述第一端部和所述第二端部之间；所述第一端部位于所述第二端部背离所述立柱的一端；
    所述连接件与所述第一端部连接，在所述连接件相对于所述滑板沿所述第二方向下降时，所述连接件带动所述第一端部相对于所述旋转轴线转动下降；
    所述锁紧块与所述第二端部连接，使得所述第一端部相对所述旋转轴线转动下降时，所述第二端部相对所述旋转轴线转动上升并带动所述锁紧块朝向所述立柱运动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述连接件上设置有第一插接部，所述第一端部设置有第一开口，所述第一插接部插置于所述第一开口中。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述锁紧机构还包括：
    摆臂，所述锁紧块通过所述摆臂转动连接于所述第二端部；所述第二端部相对所述旋转轴线转动上升时，通过所述摆臂带动所述锁紧块上升；和
    限位块，设置在所述滑板上，用于在所述第二端部带动所述锁紧块上升时，引导所述锁紧块朝向所述立柱运动，并与所述锁紧块背离所述立柱的一面抵接，使得所述锁紧块夹紧固定于所述限位块和所述立柱之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述第二端部设有滑动孔，所述滑动孔从所述第二端部向所述第一端部延伸；
    所述摆臂的一端通过所述滑动孔与所述第二端部滑动连接，以使得所述锁紧块朝向所述立柱运动时，所述摆臂位于所述滑动孔内的部分朝远离所述第一端部的方向运动，进而使所述摆臂随所述锁紧块朝向所述立柱移动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述限位块具有第一倾斜面，所述第一倾斜面与所述锁紧块接触；
    在所述第二端部带动所述锁紧块上升时，所述锁紧块沿着所述第一倾斜面上升的同时，朝所述立柱运动；
    在所述锁紧块与所述立柱抵接时，所述第一倾斜面将所述货物与所述滑板的重力的一部分转为与所述第一倾斜面相垂直的力，并施加于所述锁紧块，以增加所述锁紧块对所述立柱的抵接力。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述锁紧块具有与所述第一倾斜面匹配的第二倾斜面，使得所述锁紧块朝向所述立柱运动时，所述第二倾斜面与所述第一倾斜面保持面接触。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述第一倾斜面与所述第二倾斜面之间设置有润滑结构。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述锁紧块朝向所述立柱的一侧用于与所述立柱平行设置，使得所述锁紧块朝向所述立柱运动时，所述锁紧块与所述立柱之间面接触。
  10. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述滑板包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面相对于所述第二表面靠近所述立柱；
    所述滑板上开设有贯穿所述第一表面和所述第二表面的容纳口，所述传动结构至少部分设置于所述容纳口中，所述锁紧块凸出于所述第一表面。
  11. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述连接件沿所述第二方向的一端与所述滑板相抵接，使得所述连接件可带动所述滑板沿所述第二方向升降移动；
    所述连接件沿所述第二方向的另一端与所述滑板之间形成有第一间隙，使得所述升降绳发生故障时，所述连接件可相对于所述滑板沿所述第二方向下降移动。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述连接件上设置有第二开口，所述滑板上设置有第二插接部，所述第二插接部插置于所述第二开口中，且所述第二插接部沿所述第二方向的下端与所述第二开口一端的内壁相抵接，所述第二插接部沿所述第二方向的上端与所述第二开口另一端的内壁之间形成所述第一间隙。
  13. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述助力机构包括连接于所述连接件和所述滑板之间的弹性件。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的防坠落组件，其特征在于，所述滑板上设置有第一固定部，所述连接件上设置有第二固定部，所述第一固定部和所述第二固定部沿所述第二方向相对设置；
    所述弹性件连接于所述第一固定部和所述第二固定部之间，在所述升降绳发生故障时，所述弹性件通过弹力驱动所述连接件相对于所述滑板沿所述第二方向下降。
  15. 一种升降装置，其特征在于，包括：立柱、升降绳、驱动件和如权利要求1-14中任意一项所述的防坠落组件，所述滑板与所述立柱沿所述第一方向限位连接，所述驱动件通过所述升降绳与所述连接件连接，使得所述驱动件依次通过所述升降绳和所述连接件带动所述滑板沿所述第二方向升降移动。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述滑板上设置有承载台，所述承载台用于承载货物。
PCT/CN2023/119360 2022-09-28 2023-09-18 防坠落组件及升降装置 WO2024067195A1 (zh)

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CN212799494U (zh) * 2020-08-07 2021-03-26 上海同锐工业自动化设备有限公司 一种堆垛机用防坠落保护装置
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CN216072883U (zh) * 2021-09-23 2022-03-18 上海人本旭川自动化机械有限公司 自重抱闸防坠落保护机构
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CN212799494U (zh) * 2020-08-07 2021-03-26 上海同锐工业自动化设备有限公司 一种堆垛机用防坠落保护装置
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