WO2024029384A1 - ドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム - Google Patents
ドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024029384A1 WO2024029384A1 PCT/JP2023/026984 JP2023026984W WO2024029384A1 WO 2024029384 A1 WO2024029384 A1 WO 2024029384A1 JP 2023026984 W JP2023026984 W JP 2023026984W WO 2024029384 A1 WO2024029384 A1 WO 2024029384A1
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- oriented polyester
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29D7/01—Films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
Definitions
- the present invention improves high-temperature lamination processability in the dry film resist processing process by controlling the rate of thermal dimensional change at a specific temperature, and provides a second dry film resist support with excellent resist optical properties and film productivity. It relates to an axially oriented polyester film.
- polyester resin Due to its good processability, polyester resin is used in various industrial fields. In addition, products processed into film from these polyester resins (biaxially oriented polyester films) play an important role in today's life, including industrial applications, optical product applications, packaging applications, and magnetic recording tape applications.
- a transparent film is used as a support, and a photocurable resin layer (resist layer) is provided on the surface, and a substrate (copper foil substrate) is laminated with a thin copper film.
- a dry film resist method is used, in which the wiring shape is drawn using photoresist technology for each film, and the copper wiring is formed by cleaning after peeling off the film. It becomes necessary to perform very fine processing of 5 ⁇ m.
- a biaxially oriented polyester film is wound up into a roll after being formed in a manufacturing process.
- the films will adhere to each other, resulting in poor film winding properties. Therefore, a method is known in which the film surface is roughened to a certain extent (forming protrusions on the film surface) by adding/containing particles to the film in order to ensure the windability of the film.
- the film surface is roughened to a certain extent (forming protrusions on the film surface) by adding/containing particles to the film in order to ensure the windability of the film.
- the conditions for the lamination process for dry film resists vary depending on the thermal properties of the resist layer and the combination with the copper foil substrate used, and generally a rubber roll heated to 90°C or higher is used to apply pressure and adhere, but in recent years Demand for processing at high temperatures of up to 130°C is increasing.
- polyester film is heated to a temperature higher than its glass transition temperature, the film shrinks due to heat, so there is a difference in the rate of thermal dimensional change in the width direction between the resist layer and the copper foil substrate during lamination. Due to poor adhesion, a phenomenon in which air bubbles are trapped (laminate voids) occurs, leading to defects in the subsequent photoresist process. Therefore, it is important to control the thermal dimensional change rate of the biaxially oriented polyester film during the heating process from 90°C to around 130°C (temperature raising process) in order to improve lamination processability.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 As a method for controlling thermal dimensional changes in a biaxially oriented polyester film, techniques for controlling dimensional changes before and after heat treatment by performing high temperature heat treatment in the film forming process are described in Patent Documents 1 to 3. A technique for similarly controlling thermal dimensional changes by using a heat-resistant polyester resin is described in Patent Document 4.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 the heat treatment temperature and the temperature of the relaxation treatment necessary to control the dimensional change rate are low, making it difficult to control the thermal dimensional change rate at the target temperature of 90°C to 130°C. be.
- control of the thermal dimensional change rate is achieved in a 4.5 ⁇ m thin film by combining high-area double stretching and re-stretching.
- the film lacks rigidity (firmness), and it is easy to wrinkle due to the slight shaking of the roll during lamination processing.Furthermore, when tension is applied to the film to eliminate wrinkles, film tears occur, so lamination is difficult. Processing suitability is significantly reduced.
- Patent Document 4 heat-resistant polyester resin is used as a copolymerization component, so while it is possible to control thermal properties, the copolymerization component increases surface roughness and causes unevenness in optical properties within the film. This is not preferable because the optical properties are significantly deteriorated when the film is used as a dry film resist support film.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support that has excellent suitability for high-temperature lamination, as well as excellent resist optical properties and film productivity.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support according to [I] or [II].
- N 10 nm 600
- the dry film resist according to [X] which has a particle concentration lower than that of the P1 layer or a layer containing no particles (P3 layer) between the P1 layer and the P2 layer. Biaxially oriented polyester film for support.
- N P1 the number of coarse particles with a major diameter of 2.0 ⁇ m or more existing in a region 3 ⁇ m in the film thickness direction from the P1 layer side observed by an optical microscope is N P1 (pieces/8.25 mm), then N P1 is 20 or less, the biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support according to [VII].
- the present invention is a biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support, which has excellent suitability for high-temperature lamination processing, and excellent resist optical properties and film productivity.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a surface of a protrusion (P2 layer surface) measured with a scanning white interference microscope.
- Two-layer configuration diagram of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention Three-layer configuration diagram of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention
- the present invention relates to biaxially oriented polyester films.
- the film dimensional change rate is ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) when the film temperature is raised from 90°C to 130°C
- a biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support which is -50 or more and 150 or less in at least one direction, and has a total film thickness T ( ⁇ m) of 11 or more and 50 or less.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support of the present invention preferably has a structure containing a polyester resin as a main component.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film referred to in the present invention refers to a film whose main component is polyester resin.
- the main component here refers to a component that is contained in an amount exceeding 50% by mass in 100% by mass of all components of the film.
- the polyester resin referred to in the present invention is obtained by polycondensing a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component.
- a constituent component shows the minimum unit which can be obtained by hydrolyzing polyester.
- the dicarboxylic acid components constituting this polyester include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 1,4-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, and 1,8-naphthalene.
- Examples include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, and 4,4'-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, or ester derivatives thereof.
- the diol constituents constituting this polyester include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol.
- examples include aliphatic diols such as cyclohexanedimethanol, alicyclic diols such as spiroglycol, and those in which a plurality of the above-mentioned diols are connected.
- polyester resins used in the present invention include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate (PEN), and dicarbonate of PET.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate
- dicarbonate of PET polyesters in which isophthalic acid or naphthalene dicarboxylic acid is copolymerized as part of the acid component, and polyesters in which cyclohexanedimethanol, spiroglycol, and diethylene glycol are copolymerized as part of the diol component of PET are preferably used, and among these, polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferred. is preferred.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention is biaxially oriented, which improves the mechanical strength of the film, makes it less likely to wrinkle, and improves winding properties. Further, by applying uniform stretching stress in the stretching process, the surface smoothness can be made uniform throughout the film.
- the term "biaxial orientation" as used herein refers to one that exhibits a biaxial orientation pattern in wide-angle X-ray diffraction. Polyester films can generally be obtained by stretching an unstretched thermoplastic resin sheet in the longitudinal and width directions of the sheet, and then subjecting it to heat treatment and relaxation treatment to complete crystal orientation. The details will be described later.
- IV (dl/g) when the intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the entire film is defined as IV (dl/g), IV (dl/g) is 0.55 or more and 0.80 or less. It is preferable that By setting the IV (dl/g) to 0.55 or less, the mechanical properties in the stretching film forming process can be improved and reducing the yield of film forming due to film tearing can be suppressed, and by setting the IV to 0.8 or less, , it is possible to suppress extrusion defects in the melt extrusion process.
- the structure of the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention includes a P1 layer/P2 layer provided with a running surface layer containing particles (P1 layer) and a layer having protrusions (P2 layer), which will be described later. It is preferable to have a laminated structure of at least two or more layers.
- the P2 layer or the P4 layer containing particles within a range that does not affect the thermal dimensional change rate and optical properties of the present invention may be used as the underlayer of the P1 layer.
- a four-layer stacked structure of P1 layer/P2 layer/P3 layer/P2 layer or P1 layer/P4 layer/P3 layer/P2 layer is also a preferable structure. The details will be described later.
- the method of laminating the P1 layer, P2 layer, and P3 layer made of polyester resin is not particularly limited, but may include the coextrusion method described below, or feeding other resin layer materials into an extruder into the film during film formation.
- a method in which the film is melt-extruded and laminated while being extruded from a die (melt lamination method), a method in which films after film formation are laminated via an adhesive layer, and a method in which the film is provided by coating during or after the film formation process. (in-line coating method, offline coating method), etc. can be used, and among them, a co-extrusion method that allows simultaneous formation of protrusions by the above-mentioned treatment and lamination is preferably used.
- T is preferably 11 or more and 50 or less.
- T ( ⁇ m) is preferably 11 or more and 50 or less.
- the total film thickness T ( ⁇ m) is set to 50 or less, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of pinhole defects in resist wiring by causing light scattering in the photoresist due to foreign matter inside the film generated from polyester resin raw materials. Moreover, it is possible to prevent the film rigidity of the biaxially oriented polyester film from increasing excessively and to improve the processability.
- the lower limit of the total film thickness T ( ⁇ m) is more preferably 15 or more.
- the upper limit of the total film thickness T ( ⁇ m) is more preferably 35 or less, and even more preferably 25 or less.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention has a film dimensional change rate of ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) when the film temperature is raised from 90°C to 130°C. At least one of the width direction (TD direction) and longitudinal direction (MD direction) needs to be -50 or more and 150 or less.
- the film dimensional change rate ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) when the film temperature is raised from 90°C to 130°C is a value obtained by thermomechanical analysis (TMA) measurement described below. .
- TMA thermomechanical analysis
- This is a value representing the dimensional change rate when the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention is heated with a high-temperature laminating roll in the lamination process, and if the value is positive, it will expand, and if the value is negative, If so, it is a value that indicates contraction.
- TMA thermomechanical analysis
- the lower limit of ⁇ L 90-130°C is more preferably 0 or more, and still more preferably 20 or more. Further, by setting the ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) to 150 or less, the thermal expansion can be reduced to an appropriate range.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film expands more than the conventional resist layer, which causes the resist layer attached to the biaxially oriented polyester film to be stretched excessively, causing minute defects in the resist layer.
- lifting may occur between the copper foil substrate and the resist layer starting from this point, but the present invention can suppress this.
- the upper limit of ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is more preferably 85 or less.
- heat treatment and relaxation in the width direction are carried out in the transverse stretching process when forming a biaxially stretched polyester film, which will be described later.
- this can be achieved by subjecting the biaxially stretched film to heat treatment at a certain temperature or higher and also subjecting it to relaxation treatment at a certain temperature or higher.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film is heat treated at a temperature of 221°C or more and 240°C or less, and at the same temperature as the heat treatment temperature, a relaxation treatment is performed at a rate of 1% or more and 4% or less in the width direction. It is preferable to apply Improving thermal dimensional stability while maintaining flatness by slightly shrinking in the width direction while relieving excess orientation stress remaining in polyester resin molecular chains within a biaxially oriented film through biaxial stretching. can be achieved. By setting the ratio of relaxation treatment in the width direction to 1% or more, the effect of relieving the orientation stress can be obtained, and by setting the ratio of relaxation treatment in the width direction to 4% or less, the biaxially oriented polyester film due to rapid thermal shrinkage can be obtained.
- a more preferable range of the heat treatment temperature is 225°C or more and 240°C or less, most preferably 230°C or more and 240°C or less. Further, as a preferable range of the ratio of relaxation treatment in the width direction performed at the heat treatment temperature, the lower limit is more preferably 1.5% or more, and the upper limit is more preferably 2.5% or less.
- the relaxation treatment in the width direction is performed. After this, it is preferable to perform a relaxation treatment in the width direction at a temperature of 90° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower, which corresponds to the laminating temperature range, at a rate of 0.5% or higher and 3% or lower. This is because by performing the relaxation treatment in the width direction at the above temperature, the polyester resin molecular chains within the film take on a stable structure at the lamination processing temperature.
- the relaxation treatment method at a temperature of 90°C or more and 150°C or less, it is more preferable to perform the relaxation treatment in the width direction two or more times in two different temperature ranges, and 0 at a temperature of 115°C or more and 150°C or less.
- Relaxation treatment is performed in the width direction at a rate of .5% or more and 2.0% or less, and then relaxation treatment is performed in the width direction at a rate of 0.3% or more and 2.0% or less at a temperature of 90°C or more and less than 115°C. is most preferable.
- the lower limit of the ratio of relaxation treatment in the width direction (relaxation treatment) performed at a temperature of 115° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower is more preferably 1.0% or more, and the upper limit is more preferably 1.8% or less.
- the lower limit is more preferably 0.5% or more, and the upper limit is more preferably 1.5% or less. , more preferably 0.8% or less.
- the total percentage of relaxation treatments performed at each temperature after the heat treatment is 5% or less.
- the total relaxation treatment ratio is 4.5% or less.
- the above ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is In a more preferable form, the direction in which the value is -50 or more and 150 or less is the width direction (TD direction) of the roll during lamination.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention has a film temperature of 90°C to 130°C in the in-plane perpendicular direction to the direction in which ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is -50 to 150. It is preferable that the film dimensional change rate ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) when the temperature is raised to 0°C is -200 or more and 0 or less.
- ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) in the in-plane perpendicular direction to the direction in which ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is -50 or more and 150 or less is -200 or more and 0 or less
- Lamination processing is performed by setting ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) in the in-plane perpendicular direction to the direction in which ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is -50 or more and 150 or less to be -200 or more and 0 or less.
- the in-plane direction perpendicular to the above direction is the roll unwinding direction.
- the lower limit of ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) in the in-plane perpendicular direction to the direction in which ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is ⁇ 50 or more and 150 or less is more preferably ⁇ 150 or more.
- the above-mentioned method As a method of controlling the film dimensional change rate ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) in a preferable range when the film temperature is raised from 90°C to 130°C in the in-plane perpendicular direction to the above-mentioned direction, the above-mentioned method is used. This can be controlled by performing heat treatment/relaxation treatment and stretching in the longitudinal direction at a stretching ratio of 3.0 times or more and 4.8 times or less in the film forming process described later. A more preferable range is 3.5 times or more and 4.8 times or less.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention can be used when the film temperature is raised from 90°C to 110°C in the direction where ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is -50 or more and 150 or less. It is preferable that the film dimensional change rate ⁇ L 90-110°C (ppm/°C) is 0 or more. By setting the above ⁇ L 90-110°C (ppm/°C) to 0 or more, when the film is laminated at a temperature of 90°C to 110°C, the film expands and the dimensional change rate with the resist layer is reduced.
- a more preferable range of ⁇ L 90-110°C (ppm/°C) is 30 or more, and still more preferably 70 or more.
- a more preferable range for the upper limit is 150 or less, and more preferably 120 or less, so that the biaxially oriented polyester film expands more than the resist layer during the lamination process, so that the copper foil substrate and the resist layer It is possible to suppress the occurrence of floating between the two.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention has a film dimensional change rate of ⁇ L 110-130°C (ppm/°C) when the film temperature is raised from 110°C to 130°C in the above direction. It is preferable that it is 0 or more.
- ⁇ L 110-130°C ppm/°C
- the film expands and the dimensional change rate with respect to the resist layer is reduced. This is preferable because it can suppress the occurrence of a difference in . Further, this is preferable because it can assist in propagating the stress in the width direction during pressurization by the high-temperature processing roll.
- the preferred range of ⁇ L 110-130°C is 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more.
- a more preferable range for the upper limit is 250 or less, and more preferably 100 or less, so that the biaxially oriented polyester film expands significantly compared to the resist layer during the lamination process, and the bond between the copper foil substrate and the resist layer is reduced. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of floating in between.
- the root mean square roughness Sq (nm) of at least one surface of the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention is 0.8 or more and less than 3.0.
- Root mean square roughness (Sq) is an average roughness value that estimates the effects of tall protrusions and deep valleys more than the arithmetic mean roughness (Sa), which is generally used as surface roughness. This is a value that reflects the amount of rough protrusions and dents that occur on the surface with a low probability, and is a useful value for estimating the resist optical properties and film runnability required for dry film resist support films.
- the root mean square roughness is a value measured by the measurement method described below based on ISO 25178, which is determined by the software attached to the scanning white interference microscope by performing measurement with a scanning white interference microscope (VertScan) according to the method described below.
- the root mean square roughness Sq (nm) of at least one surface is 0.8 or more and less than 3.0.
- the side is the opposite side to the side on which the resist layer is provided, and is the side that is irradiated with ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365 nm (hereinafter sometimes referred to as resist light), which is generally used for resist processing (hereinafter referred to as the running surface). (sometimes referred to as). If the root mean square roughness Sq (nm) is 0.8 or more, the friction between the film surface and the conveyance roll will increase and scratches will occur on the film surface in the film manufacturing process and dry film resist processing process.
- the root mean square roughness Sq (nm) is more preferably 2.0 or more.
- the upper limit of the root mean square roughness Sq (nm) is more preferably 2.9 or less.
- both surfaces of the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention satisfies 0.8 or more and less than 3.0, either surface may be used as the running surface. It is preferable to use a layer containing particles having a larger average primary particle diameter as the running surface from the viewpoint of suppressing the influence of light scattering of resist light by the contained particles from directly propagating to the resist layer.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support of the present invention preferably has a layer (P1 layer) containing particles having an average primary particle diameter of 70 nm or more and 200 nm or less.
- P1 layer containing particles having an average primary particle diameter of 70 nm or more and 200 nm or less.
- a more preferable form of the biaxially oriented polyester film for dry film resist support of the present invention is that it has a layer (P1 layer) containing particles having an average primary particle diameter of 70 nm or more and 150 nm or less.
- the P1 layer is disposed on the running surface side, which is the opposite surface to the surface on which the resist layer is provided.
- the P1 layer does not contain particles having an average primary particle diameter of more than 200 nm.
- the P1 layer includes particles with an average primary particle size of less than 70 nm, as well as particles with an average primary particle size of 70 nm or more and 200 nm or less. It may contain.
- inorganic particles or organic particles may be used, or two or more types of particles may be used in combination.
- Inorganic particles that can be used include, for example, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, magnesium oxide, barium sulfate, zinc sulfide, calcium phosphate, alumina ( ⁇ alumina, ⁇ alumina, ⁇ alumina, ⁇ alumina). ), mica, mica, titanium mica, zeolite, talc, clay, kaolin, lithium fluoride, calcium fluoride, montmorillonite, zirconia, silica (wet silica, dry silica, colloidal silica), etc.
- organic particles include organic particles containing acrylic resin, styrene resin, silicone resin, polyimide resin, etc., and core-shell type organic particles.
- alumina or silica is preferable from the viewpoint of matching the refractive index with the biaxially oriented polyester film and minimizing the effect on resist optical properties
- styrene resin is preferable because biaxially oriented polyester is used for the same reason. It is preferable because its refractive index is close to that of the film.
- T P1 ( ⁇ m) When the thickness of the P1 layer in the biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support of the present invention is defined as T P1 ( ⁇ m), it is preferable that T P1 ( ⁇ m) is 0.03 or more and 0.35 or less. By setting T P1 ( ⁇ m) to 0.35 or less, light scattering of resist light by particles contained in the P1 layer can be suppressed, pinhole defects during resist wiring formation can be suppressed, and T P1 ( ⁇ m) is 0.03 or more, it is possible to suppress particles contained in the P1 layer from falling off during film running. A more preferable range of the upper limit value of T P1 ( ⁇ m) is 0.30 or less, and most preferably 0.25 or less.
- the root mean square roughness Sq P1 (nm) of the surface of the P1 layer in the biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support of the present invention is 0.8 or more and less than 3.0 depends on the particles in the layer. It is preferable to use the P1 layer, which can suppress light scattering of resist light, as a running surface.
- the root mean square roughness Sq P1 (nm) of the P1 layer surface is 0.8 or more, surface scratches occur due to friction between the P1 layer surface and the conveyance roll in the film manufacturing process and dry film resist processing process. can be restrained from doing so.
- the root mean square roughness Sq P1 (nm) of the surface of the P1 layer is less than 3.0, scattering of ultraviolet light for resist processing in the photoresist process on the film surface is suppressed, and the resist It is possible to suppress the occurrence of distortion in the wiring shape of the wiring.
- the lower limit of the root mean square roughness Sq P1 (nm) of the surface of the P1 layer is more preferably 2.0 or more.
- the upper limit of the root mean square roughness Sq P1 (nm) of the surface of the P1 layer is more preferably 2.9 or less.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film for a dry film resist support of the present invention preferably has a P2 layer that satisfies the following (1) and (2) on the surface opposite to the P1 layer.
- (1) Does not contain particles with an average primary particle diameter of 200 nm or more.
- N 10 nm 600
- the P2 layer of the present invention does not contain particles with an average primary particle size of 200 nm or more, so that sudden coarse protrusions are formed on the surface of the P2 layer, and a resist layer is formed on the surface of the P2 layer. At this time, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of resist layer defects due to the transfer of the uneven shape on the surface of the P2 layer. Also, from the viewpoint of suppressing light scattering of resist light, it is preferable not to contain particles having an average primary particle diameter of 200 nm or more.
- the particles contained in the P2 layer preferably do not contain particles with an average primary particle size of 150 nm or more, and even more preferably do not contain particles with an average primary particle size of 100 nm or more. Most preferably, it does not contain particles with a diameter of 70 nm or more.
- N 10 nm protrusions/mm 2
- N10nm 600 or more and 12,000 or less
- the runnability in the film forming process of the biaxially stretched film can be improved.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is used as a film for dry film resist support
- N10nm represents the number of fine protrusions formed on the surface of the P2 layer, and it affects the runnability of the P2 layer. This is a value that has an impact.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film can be formed without using particles with an average primary particle diameter of 200 nm or more in the P2 layer. In the manufacturing process, it is possible to ensure running performance with the conveyance roll, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of surface scratches.
- the number of protrusions with a height of 10 nm or more (N 10 nm (protrusions/mm 2 ) to 12,000 or less, the interface between the P2 layer surface and the resist layer becomes rough and the resist light is scattered at the interface. It can be suppressed.
- the lower limit of the number of protrusions with a height of 10 nm or more N 10 nm (pieces/mm 2 ) is more preferably 1000 or more, and the upper limit of the number of protrusions with a height of 10 nm or more N 10 nm (pieces/mm 2 ) is more preferably 1000 or more. More preferably, it is 10,000 or less.
- particles having a specific particle diameter as described below are used.
- a method in which a shape is transferred to the surface using a mold such as nanoimprinting, a method in which an unstretched sheet is subjected to plasma surface treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge, and then biaxial stretching is performed.
- a method of performing biaxial stretching by plasma treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge or a method of incorporating minute particles described below is used. It is preferable.
- Plasma surface treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge can be performed in the polyester film manufacturing process, whether the treatment is applied to the unstretched film after extrusion or to the stretched film.
- atmospheric pressure plasma treatment it is most preferable to subject the unstretched film to plasma surface treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge. This is because the amorphous polyester portion is scraped off by plasma surface treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge, and the crystalline polyester portion remaining on the surface grows as convex portions in the subsequent stretching process, forming fine protrusions on the surface. It is.
- the atmospheric pressure here is in the range of 700 Torr to 780 Torr.
- a film to be treated is introduced between opposing electrodes and a ground roll, a plasma-excitable gas is introduced into the device, and a high-frequency voltage is applied between the electrodes to excite the gas into plasma. Glow discharge occurs between the electrodes. As a result, the surface of the film is finely processed (ashed) to form protrusions.
- a plasma-excitable gas refers to a gas that can be plasma-excited under the conditions described above.
- the plasma-excitable gas include rare gases such as argon, helium, neon, krypton, and xenon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen, fluorocarbons such as tetrafluoromethane, and mixtures thereof.
- one type of plasma-excitable gas may be used alone, or two or more types may be combined at an arbitrary mixing ratio.
- the frequency of the high frequency voltage in plasma treatment is preferably in the range of 1 kHz to 100 kHz.
- the discharge treatment strength (E value) determined by the method below is preferably in the range of 50 to 1000 W ⁇ min/m 2 from the viewpoint of protrusion formation, and more preferably in the range of 150 to 800 W ⁇ min/m 2 . be.
- the discharge treatment strength (E value) is 50 W ⁇ min/m 2 or more, protrusions can be sufficiently formed, and when the discharge treatment strength (E value) is 1000 W ⁇ min/m 2 or less, it is possible to form a polyester film. Excessive damage can be suppressed and the generation of surface foreign matter can be reduced.
- E value Vp ⁇ Ip/(S ⁇ Wt)
- Vp Applied voltage
- Ip Applied current
- S Processing speed (m/min)
- Wt processing width (m).
- the soft amorphous portion is ashed first.
- finer protrusions can be formed by performing atmospheric pressure glow discharge treatment, and the above N 10 nm can be increased.
- the particles contained in the P2 layer either inorganic particles or organic particles may be used, or two or more types of particles may be used in combination, but as mentioned above, the particles contained in the P2 layer have an average primary diameter. is preferably less than 200 nm, more preferably contains particles less than 150 nm, even more preferably less than 100 nm, most preferably less than 70 nm.
- Inorganic particles that can be used include, for example, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, magnesium oxide, barium sulfate, zinc sulfide, calcium phosphate, alumina ( ⁇ alumina, ⁇ alumina, ⁇ alumina, ⁇ alumina). ), mica, mica, titanium mica, zeolite, talc, clay, kaolin, lithium fluoride, calcium fluoride, montmorillonite, zirconia, silica (wet silica, dry silica, colloidal silica), etc.
- organic particles include organic particles containing acrylic resin, styrene resin, silicone resin, polyimide resin, etc., and core-shell type organic particles.
- alumina is preferred because it has a high Mohs hardness and is effective in suppressing scratches on the film surface
- styrene resin is preferred because its refractive index is close to that of the biaxially oriented polyester film.
- IV P2 (dl/g) when the intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the entire P2 layer is defined as IV P2 (dl/g), IV P2 (dl/g) should be 0.50 or more and 0.63 or less. is preferred. IV is a number that reflects the length of the molecular chain, and the shorter the molecular chain, the easier the polyester molecules will be oriented and crystallized during stretching and heat treatment. By doing so, when using the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, formation of protrusions in the biaxial stretching film forming process can be promoted and runnability can be improved.
- T P2 When the thickness of the P2 layer in the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is T P2 ( ⁇ m), T P2 is preferably 0.2 or more and 2.0 or less.
- T P2 ( ⁇ m) of the P2 layer By setting the thickness T P2 ( ⁇ m) of the P2 layer to 0.2 or more, when including particles in the P2 layer or controlling the intrinsic viscosity, the effect of forming protrusions by plasma treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge can be efficiently suppressed. Obtainable. Further, it is more preferable that the thickness T P2 ( ⁇ m) of the P2 layer is 2.0 or less from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the optical properties of the entire film.
- the upper limit of the thickness T P2 ( ⁇ m) of the P2 layer is more preferably 1.5 or less.
- the P3 layer preferably has a lower particle concentration than the P1 layer or does not contain particles.
- the amount of particles contained in the P3 layer as described above, it is possible to minimize the addition of raw materials that have been thermally degraded after undergoing melt extrusion, such as recovered raw materials for particle-containing master pellets and particle-containing films. This is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing the generation of degraded products such as oligomers during high-temperature heat treatment.
- the recovered raw material refers to the raw material that is made into pellets after crushing the polyester film that has been formed.
- the P3 layer in the biaxially oriented polyester film has a lower concentration of particles than the P1 layer and has a lower concentration of particles with an average primary particle size of 70 nm or more and 200 nm or less than the P1 layer, or contains particles. A form without is more preferable.
- the P3 layer should have an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.55 or more, from the viewpoint of improving the mechanical properties of the entire polyester film. It is preferable to have a three-layer structure of P1 layer/P3 layer/P2 layer made of polyester resin.
- the number of coarse particles with a major axis of 2.0 ⁇ m or more existing in a region 3 ⁇ m in the film thickness direction from the P1 layer side observed with an optical microscope is N P1 (pieces/8.25 mm 2 ). In this case, it is preferable that N P1 is 20 or less.
- N P1 The number of coarse particles with a major diameter of 2.0 ⁇ m or more existing in a region of 3 ⁇ m in the film thickness direction is N P1 (pieces/8.25 mm 2 ) is the P1 layer, and if the P1 layer thickness is less than 3 ⁇ m, the intermediate layer P3 layer This value reflects the number of agglomerated particles contained up to this point, and by setting N P1 to 10 particles/8.25 mm2 or less, pinhole defects can be avoided even in next-generation fine resist wiring (L/S 5/5 ⁇ m). The occurrence can be suppressed.
- a preferable range of N P1 (pieces/8.25 mm 2 ) is 10 or less, more preferably 8 or less.
- N P1 (pieces/8.25 mm 2 ), which is the number of coarse particles with a major diameter of 2.0 ⁇ m or more existing in an area of 3 ⁇ m in the film thickness direction from the P1 layer side, is a preferable range is to melt and extrude with an extruder.
- This is a method of filtering the polymer using a filter. Particles contained in the biaxially oriented polyester film, catalyst residues from the polymerization of the polyester resin, and very small foreign matter that enter the film from outside the film forming process will cause coarse protrusion defects if they enter the film, so the filter is It is effective to use a highly accurate one that can capture 95% or more of foreign particles with a diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more.
- particle master pellets are used to incorporate particles into the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention, it is more preferable to use a similar filter when preparing the particle master pellets.
- a conventional polymerization method can be used to obtain the polyester film used in the present invention.
- a dicarboxylic acid component such as terephthalic acid or its ester-forming derivative is transesterified or esterified with a diol component such as ethylene glycol or its ester-forming derivative by a known method, and then a melt polymerization reaction is performed. You can get it by doing.
- the polyester obtained by the melt polymerization reaction may be subjected to a solid phase polymerization reaction at a temperature below the melting point temperature of the polyester.
- the polyester film of the present invention can be obtained by a conventionally known manufacturing method. Specifically, the polyester film of the present invention uses a method (melt casting method) in which dry raw materials are heated and melted in an extruder as needed, extruded from a die and extruded onto a cooled casting drum to form a sheet. can do. Another method is to dissolve the raw material in a solvent, extrude the solution from a die onto a support such as a cast drum or endless belt to form a film, and then dry and remove the solvent from the film layer to process it into a sheet. A method such as a solution casting method can also be used.
- an extruder is used for each layer constituting the biaxially oriented polyester film, the raw materials for each layer are melted, and these are placed between the extrusion device and the die.
- a method co-extrusion method is preferably used in which the materials are laminated in a molten state in a merging device provided, then introduced into a die, and extruded from the die onto a cast drum to form a sheet.
- the laminated sheet is brought into close contact with static electricity on a cast drum cooled to a surface temperature of 20° C. or more and 60° C. or less, and is cooled and solidified to produce an unstretched film.
- the surface temperature of the cast drum By setting the surface temperature of the cast drum to 20°C or higher, the crystalline polyester portion on the surface of the unstretched film can be further increased, and the effect of forming fine protrusions after stretching can be obtained by plasma surface treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge. I can do it. Furthermore, by setting the surface temperature of the cast drum to 60° C. or lower, it is possible to suppress the unstretched film from sticking to the cast drum, and to obtain an unstretched film with little thickness unevenness in the film running direction. A more preferable range of the surface temperature of the cast drum is 25°C or more and 55°C or less.
- the unstretched film obtained here is subjected to surface treatment such as plasma surface treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge.
- surface treatment such as plasma surface treatment using atmospheric pressure glow discharge.
- These surface treatments may be performed immediately after obtaining the unstretched film or after stretching the film in the running direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the longitudinal direction), but in the present invention, surface treatment of the unstretched film is performed as described above. This is preferable from the viewpoint of further promoting the formation of protrusions.
- the surface to be surface-treated may be either the surface that was in contact with the cast drum (drum surface) or the surface that is not in contact with the cast drum (non-drum surface).
- stretching in the longitudinal direction is performed by placing the unstretched film on a group of rolls heated to 70°C or higher. It is preferable to guide the film, stretch it in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction, ie, the direction in which the film travels), and cool it with a group of rolls set at a temperature of 20° C. or higher and 50° C. or lower. There is no particular restriction on the lower limit of the heating roll temperature during stretching in the longitudinal direction as long as it does not impair the stretchability of the sheet, but it is preferably higher than the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin used.
- the preferable range of the stretching ratio in the longitudinal direction is 3.0 times or more and 4.8 times or less.
- a more preferable range is 3.5 times or more and 4.8 times or less.
- the stretching ratio in the longitudinal direction is 3.0 times or more, oriented crystallization progresses and film strength can be improved.
- the stretching ratio is 4.8 times or less, the dimensional change rate ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm /°C) can be controlled within a preferable range, and it is also possible to suppress frequent breakage of the film during production due to excessive orientation, which reduces productivity.
- the resulting uniaxially stretched film stretched in the longitudinal direction is guided into a tenter while gripping both ends with clips, and is stretched in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (width direction) in an atmosphere heated to a temperature of 70°C to 160°C. ) is preferably stretched 3 times or more and 5 times or less.
- Tmeta minute endothermic peak
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the conditions for the heat treatment and relaxation treatment are as described above to control the dimensional change rate ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) in a preferable range when the temperature is increased from 90°C to 130°C in the above-mentioned direction.
- the stretching ratio is 3 times or more and 4.8 times or less in both the longitudinal direction and the width direction, but the area ratio (longitudinal stretching ratio x width direction stretching ratio) is preferably 9 times or more and 22 times or less. , more preferably 9 times or more and 20 times or less.
- sample in the case of a sample whose longitudinal direction is unknown, measure so that the measurement Y-axis is in one arbitrary direction of the sample film, then measure so that it is in the direction rotated 120 degrees, and then again 120 degrees.
- the sample is measured in the rotated direction, and the average of each measurement result is taken as the number of protrusions in that sample.
- the sample film to be measured is sandwiched between two metal frames containing rubber gaskets, and the sample surface is measured with the film in the frame stretched (sagging and curling removed).
- the obtained microscopic image was processed under the following conditions using the surface analysis software VS-Viewer Version 10.0.3.0 built into the microscope to calculate the root mean square roughness and each height. Find the number of protrusions.
- Image processing is performed in the following order. ⁇ Interpolation processing: Complete interpolation ⁇ Filter processing: Median (3 x 3 pixels) ⁇ Surface correction: 4th order.
- Root mean square roughness (Sq) Scanning white interference microscopy measurements were performed on the surface of biaxially oriented polyester for 90 fields of view, and for each measurement image subjected to the image processing described above, the following analysis conditions and "Height Parameters” were added to the "ISO parameters" analysis within the surface analysis software. Find the root mean square roughness Sq (nm) obtained by selecting "" and outputting the obtained numerical value group to the parameter sheet field, and calculate the average value of 90 fields of view as the root mean square roughness Sq (nm) of the measurement surface. shall be.
- Sq P1 (nm) be the root mean square roughness of the surface of the P1 layer determined by the method described above
- SqP2 (nm) be the root mean square roughness of the surface of the P2 layer.
- ISO parameter analysis processing is performed under the following conditions.
- Protrusion analysis processing is performed under the following conditions.
- ⁇ Analysis type Sudden analysis ⁇ Image correction: None/Processing Height threshold: 0.01 ⁇ m Particle shaping: None Reference height: Zero plane (average plane) ⁇ Judgment target height/depth: -10000 ⁇ m ⁇ h ⁇ 10000 ⁇ m Longest diameter: -10000 ⁇ m ⁇ d ⁇ 10000 ⁇ m Volume: V ⁇ 0.0000 ⁇ m 3 Aspect ratio: r ⁇ 0.0000 Histogram: Number of divisions 50 (Reference height: zero plane (average plane)) The "zero plane (average plane)" in the reference height (height 0 nm) setting is the measured image (113 ⁇ m x 113 ⁇ m) obtained by observing the microscope image using the method described above and performing the image processing described above. , a plane with the "average height (Ave)" automatically determined from the following formula is used.
- ⁇ lx Range length in the X direction in each measurement image that has undergone the above image processing.
- ⁇ ly Range length in the Y direction in each measurement image that has undergone the above image processing.
- ⁇ h(x, y) As described above. Height at each image point (x, y) in the measured image subjected to image processing B. Thermal dimensional change rate ⁇ L (ppm/°C) (i) Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) measurement Measurement is performed in the following manner using a thermomechanical measuring device TMA/SS6000 (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.) and the accompanying analysis software TMA/SS6100 (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.). A biaxially oriented polyester film is cut into strips of 30 mm in the measurement direction and 4 mm in the direction orthogonal to the measurement direction, and attached to the apparatus so that the distance between the chucks is 20 mm in the measurement direction.
- the thermal dimensional change rate ⁇ L (ppm/° C.) of the biaxially oriented polyester film is determined from the dimensions at each film temperature, that is, the distance between the chucks, when heated using a temperature raising program that is then held for 10 minutes.
- the film temperature refers to the cell temperature (Temp Cel) recorded every 20 seconds during measurement using the included analysis software TMA/SS6100 (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.), and the distance between the chucks is It refers to the TMA length (TMA ⁇ m) recorded during measurement using the attached analysis software TMA/SS6100 (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.).
- thermal dimensional change rate ⁇ L in the process of increasing temperature from 90°C to 130°C 90-130°C is determined from the film dimensions at film temperatures of 90°C and 130°C using the following formula (1). The measurement is carried out twice and the average value is taken as the thermal dimensional change rate ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) of the biaxially oriented polyester film in the process of increasing the temperature from 90°C to 130°C.
- ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) [(Film dimension at 130°C ( ⁇ m)) - (Film dimension at 90°C ( ⁇ m))] / [130°C-90°C] ⁇ 10000...
- the width direction and longitudinal direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film are measured to determine ⁇ L 90-130° C. (ppm/° C.) in the width direction and longitudinal direction.
- the width direction is defined as the direction in which the temperature (ppm/°C) satisfies -50 or more and 150 or less.
- thermal dimensional change rate ⁇ L in the process of increasing temperature from 90°C to 110°C 90-110°C is determined from the film dimensions at film temperatures of 90°C and 110 °C using the following equation (2). The measurement was carried out twice and the average value was taken as the thermal dimensional change rate ⁇ L 90-110°C (ppm/°C) of the biaxially oriented polyester film in the process of increasing the temperature from 90°C to 110°C.
- ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) [(Film dimension at 110°C ( ⁇ m)) - (Film dimension at 90°C ( ⁇ m))] / [110°C-90°C] ⁇ 10000... ( 2)
- the width direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film is measured and the widthwise ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is determined.
- thermal dimensional change rate ⁇ L in the process of increasing temperature from 110°C to 130° C 110-130°C is determined from the film dimensions at film temperatures of 90°C and 110°C using the following equation (2). The measurement was carried out twice and the average value was taken as the thermal dimensional change rate ⁇ L 110-130°C (ppm/°C) of the biaxially oriented polyester film in the process of increasing the temperature from 110°C to 130°C.
- ⁇ L 110-130°C (ppm/°C) [(Film dimension at 130°C ( ⁇ m)) - (Film dimension at 110°C ( ⁇ m))] / [130°C-110°C] ⁇ 10000... ( 2)
- the width direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film is measured and the widthwise ⁇ L 90-130°C (ppm/°C) is determined.
- Lamination thickness (T P1 , T P2 , T P3 )
- a cross section of the biaxially oriented polyester film is cut out using a microtome in a direction parallel to the width direction of the film.
- the cross section is observed with a scanning electron microscope at a magnification of 5,000 to 20,000 times, and the thickness ratio of each laminated layer is determined.
- the thickness of each layer is calculated from the obtained lamination ratio and the total film thickness obtained in the above section (i).
- ⁇ sp (solution viscosity/solvent viscosity)-1, K is Huggins constant (set to 0.343).)
- the measurement was performed using the following method. (1-1) Dissolve the measurement sample in 100 mL of orthochlorophenol to create a solution with a concentration higher than 1.2 g/100 mL.
- the weight of the measurement sample subjected to orthochlorophenol is defined as the measurement sample weight.
- Intrinsic viscosity (IV) of biaxially oriented polyester film The biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention was measured in the same manner as in the previous section (i) to obtain the intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the biaxially oriented polyester film.
- Measuring device Transmission electron microscope (TEM) Hitachi model H-7100FA Measuring conditions: Accelerating voltage 100kV Measurement magnification: 200,000 times to 800,000 times Sample preparation: Ultra thin film sectioning method (RuO4 staining).
- the equivalent circle diameter was defined as the average primary particle peak diameter D 1 (nm).
- D 1 the average primary particle peak diameter
- the number-based particle size distribution has two or more peaks. In this case, each peak value is taken as the average primary particle diameter (peak diameter D 1 ) of each particle.
- Particle content concentration 1 g of a sample obtained by scraping off only the P1 layer, P2 layer, and P3 layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention was added to 200 ml of 1N-KOH methanol solution, and heated to reflux to dissolve the polymer. let After dissolution, 200 ml of water was added to the solution, and the liquid was then centrifuged to sediment the particles, and the supernatant liquid was removed. The particles were further washed with water and centrifuged twice. The particles thus obtained were dried and their mass (g) was measured to calculate the content concentration (% by mass) of the particles contained in each layer portion of the biaxially oriented polyester film.
- the contained particles include organic particles
- select a solvent that dissolves the polymer but not the organic particles dissolves the polymer without overheating and refluxing, centrifuges the particles, and determines the particle content (mass%) in each layer. ) was calculated.
- Whether the contained particles are organic particles or inorganic particles can be confirmed by the presence or absence of detection of inorganic substances when the particles are observed using a generally known method such as SEM-EDX.
- Haze after heat treatment H1
- the 5 cm square sample used in the previous section (i) is placed in an oven kept at 150° C., and an accelerated heat treatment test is performed for 1 hour. Thereafter, the film is taken out of the oven and cooled to room temperature, and then the film haze after heat treatment is measured in the same manner as in the previous section (i). The average of the measured values in three trials is defined as the haze (H1) of the biaxially oriented polyester film after heat treatment.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention was cut out to a size of 11 mm x 0.75 mm (8.25 mm 2 ), and the surface of the P1 layer was examined using an optical microscope (ECLIPSE LV100 manufactured by Nikon). After focusing, the area from the film surface to 3 ⁇ m in the film thickness direction was observed while shifting the focus to the inside of the film in the film thickness direction, and the major axis 2.
- Count the number of coarse particles with a size of 0 ⁇ m or more. The number of measurements is n 3, and their average value is the number of coarse particles N P1 (pieces/8.25 mm 2 ) in the sample.
- grades A to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- a to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- a photosensitive resin layer is applied on the surface of the P2 layer by gravure coating in a dark room so that the coating thickness is 15 ⁇ m.
- a photosensitive resin layer a copolymer consisting of methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl methacrylate as a thermoplastic resin, and trimethylolpropane triacrylate and polyethylene glycol (number average molecular weight 600) dimethacrylate as photosensitive materials.
- a mixture consisting of benzophenone and dimethylaminobenzophenone as photopolymerization initiators, hydroquinone as a stabilizer, and methyl violet as a coloring agent is used.
- Lamination processing conditions Lamination conveyance speed: 2m/min
- the suitability for lamination processing at 100°C was determined by setting the laminating roll temperature to 120°C.
- the suitability for lamination at 120° C. is evaluated by visually checking a laminated sample of a copper foil substrate and a biaxially oriented polyester sample.
- Laminate voids occur in 1 or less of the 10 laminate samples.
- B Lamination voids occur in 2 or more and 3 or less of the 10 laminate samples.
- C Out of 10 laminated samples, laminate voids occur in 4 or more and 6 or less.
- D Lamination voids occur in 7 or more of the 10 laminate samples. As for the 100°C laminate void evaluation, A to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- B Out of 10 laminate samples, laminate wrinkles occur in 2 or more and 3 or less.
- C Out of 10 laminated samples, laminate wrinkles occur in 4 or more and 6 or less.
- D Laminate wrinkles occur in 7 or more of the 10 laminated samples. In terms of 100°C lamination wrinkle evaluation, A to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- Laminate voids occur in 1 or less of the 10 laminate samples.
- B Out of 10 laminated samples, laminate voids occur in 2 or more and 3 or less.
- C Out of 10 laminated samples, laminate voids occur in 4 or more and 6 or less.
- D Lamination voids occur in 7 or more of the 10 laminate samples. As for the 120°C laminate void evaluation, A to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- B Out of 10 laminate samples, laminate wrinkles occur in 2 or more and 3 or less.
- C Out of 10 laminated samples, laminate wrinkles occur in 4 or more and 6 or less.
- D Laminate wrinkles occur in 7 or more of the 10 laminated samples. As for 120°C lamination wrinkle evaluation, A to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- i-line ultraviolet ray having a peak wavelength of 365 nm
- the photosensitive resin layer is placed in a container containing developer N-A5 and developed for about 1 minute. Thereafter, it is removed from the developer and washed with water for about 1 minute.
- the resist wiring pattern created after development, L/S ( ⁇ m) (Line and Space) 5 ⁇ m/5 ⁇ m, 30 lines, is observed at a magnification of about 800 to 3000 using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- Fine wiring area defect evaluation Regarding the 10 fine wiring resist wiring formation samples obtained in the previous section (i), wiring across multiple wirings regarding the 30 wiring pattern areas formed in each sample.
- the number of sheets with area defects of 100 ⁇ m or more in circle equivalent diameter where shape defects occur is confirmed, and the following evaluation is performed based on the number of sheets.
- C The number of samples with area defects is 4 or more and 6 or less.
- D 7 or more samples with area defects.
- Fine wiring pinhole defect Regarding the 10 fine wiring resist wiring formation samples used for the evaluation in the previous section (ii), the wiring pattern was 1.5 ⁇ m with respect to the 30 resist wiring patterns formed in each sample. The number of wiring patterns in which missing portions are present is confirmed, and the average value thereof is used to evaluate fine wiring pinhole defects in the film as follows.
- C The average number of pinhole defects is 6 or more and 10 or less.
- D The average number of pinhole defects exceeds 10. In terms of fine wiring pinhole defect evaluation, A to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- the fine wiring resist shape (8 ⁇ m width) of the film is evaluated as follows using the average value.
- S The average number of chips is 1 or less.
- A The average number of chips is 2 or more and 3 or less.
- B The average number of chips is 4 or more and 7 or less.
- C The average number of chips is 8 or more and 10 or less.
- D The average number of chips is 11 or more.
- a to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- the fine wiring resist shape (3 ⁇ m width) of the film is evaluated as follows using the average value.
- S The average number of chips is 1 or less.
- A The average number of chips is 2 or more and 3 or less.
- B The average number of chips is 4 or more and 7 or less.
- C The average number of chips is 8 or more and 10 or less.
- D The average number of chips is 11 or more.
- a to C are good, and A is the best among them.
- PET-1 Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol were polymerized by a conventional method using antimony trioxide as a catalyst to obtain melt-polymerized PET substantially free of particles.
- the resulting melt-polymerized PET had a glass transition temperature of 81°C, a melting point of 255°C, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.50.
- the obtained polyester pellets were dried and crystallized at 160°C for 6 hours, and then solid phase polymerization was performed at 220°C and a vacuum degree of 0.3 Torr for 8 hours to obtain solid phase polymerized PET (PET-1).
- PET-1 solid phase polymerized PET
- the obtained solid phase polymerized PET had a glass transition temperature of 81°C, a melting point of 255°C, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.61.
- PET-2 solid phase polymerized PET resin pellets (PET-2) having a glass transition temperature of 81 °C, a melting point of 255 °C, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.56 were prepared. Obtained.
- alumina particles (alumina-1) with an average primary particle diameter of 20 nm dispersed in ethylene glycol were added so that the amount added to PET was 2% by mass. After high-precision filtration with a filter that captures 95% or more of foreign matter of 5 ⁇ m or more, the particles were added to obtain particle master pellets MB-A.
- the obtained particle master pellet MB-A had a glass transition temperature of 80°C, a melting point of 255°C, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.59.
- ⁇ Acrylic resin (a-2) In a stainless steel reaction vessel, 75 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate (a), 20 parts by mass of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (b), urethane acrylate oligomer (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd., Art Resin (registered trademark) UN-3320HA, acryloyl The number of groups is 6) (c) is prepared in a ratio of parts by mass, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is added as an emulsifier in an amount of 2 parts by mass based on the total of 100 parts by mass of the above (a) to (c), and stirred. Mixture 1 was prepared.
- a reaction apparatus equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermometer, and a dropping funnel was prepared.
- 60 parts by weight of the above mixed solution 1, 200 parts by weight of isopropyl alcohol, and 5 parts by weight of potassium persulfate as a polymerization initiator were charged into a reactor and heated to 60° C. to prepare a mixed solution 2.
- Mixed liquid 2 was kept heated at 60° C. for 20 minutes.
- a mixed liquid 3 was prepared, which consisted of 40 parts by weight of the mixed liquid 1, 50 parts by weight of isopropyl alcohol, and 5 parts by weight of potassium persulfate. Subsequently, mixed liquid 3 was dropped into mixed liquid 2 over 2 hours using a dropping funnel to prepare mixed liquid 4.
- the mixture 4 was kept heated at 60° C. for 2 hours.
- the obtained mixed liquid 4 was cooled to 50° C. or lower, it was transferred to a container equipped with a stirrer and pressure reduction equipment. 60 parts by weight of ammonia water with a concentration of 25% by weight and 900 parts by weight of pure water were added thereto, and the isopropyl alcohol and unreacted monomers were recovered under reduced pressure while heating to 60°C. Resin (a-2) was obtained and used.
- ⁇ Acrylic resin (a-3) Dispersion of a water-dispersible acrylic copolymer (glass transition temperature 80°C) consisting of methyl methacrylate/ethyl ethacrylate/acrylic acid/N-methylol acrylamide in water using the method described in the acrylic resin (a-2). (average particle diameter: 110 nm, solid content concentration 40%) was used.
- Particle component (C)] ⁇ Particle (c-1) An aqueous dispersion of silica "Cataroid” (registered trademark) SI-80P (solid content concentration 10% by mass, solvent: water) manufactured by JGC Catalysts & Chemicals Co., Ltd. and having an average primary particle diameter of 80 nm was used. These acrylic resin (a-1), methylolated melamine resin (b-1), particles (c-1), and water as a solvent are mixed together in the proportions shown in Table 2. A mixed solution with a concentration of 3% was obtained.
- Example 1 After drying PET resin pellets PET-1, PET-2, and particle master pellets MB-A to C at 180°C for 2 and a half hours under reduced pressure, the amounts of P1 layer, P2 layer, and P3 layer whose blending amounts are listed in Table 3. The mixture is blended so that After that, the film was wound through a T-die onto a cooling cast roll maintained at 42° C. using an electrostatic casting method, and cooled and solidified to obtain an unstretched film.
- high-precision filters that capture 95% or more of foreign matter of 5 ⁇ m or more are used for filter filtration of the P1 and P2 layers
- high-precision filters that capture 95% or more of foreign matter of 2 ⁇ m or more are used for the P3 layer filtration.
- the treated unstretched film After passing the treated unstretched film through a static elimination roll whose roll temperature is set to 25°C, it is sequentially subjected to biaxial stretching under the conditions listed in Table 4.
- the film was introduced into a group of stretching rolls heated to 60°C to 100°C in the longitudinal direction, and stretched to a total of 3.8 times by a stretching operation, and then transferred to a tenter, where it was stretched by 4.3 times in the width direction.
- a biaxially oriented polyester film with a thickness of 16 ⁇ m was obtained by heat treating at 230° C. under a fixed length and relaxing treatment in the width direction as shown in Table 4.
- the film had good productivity, suitability for high-temperature lamination, and suitability for dry film resist.
- Example 2 to 20 biaxially oriented polyester films were produced under the film forming conditions listed in Tables 2 to 4.
- Example 12 after the P2 layer and the P3 layer were laminated after melt extrusion, the coating composition A shown in Table 2 was applied to the surface of the P3 layer opposite to the surface on which the P2 layer was provided in the longitudinally stretched film.
- a P1 layer was provided using an in-line coating method so that the coating thickness after drying was as shown in Table 4, to obtain a biaxially oriented polyester film having a three-layer structure (P1 layer/P3 layer/P2 layer structure).
- Examples 19 and 20 were coated after drying using an in-line coating method in the same manner as in Example 12, except that the coating compositions were changed to coating composition B and coating composition C, respectively, as shown in Table 3.
- a biaxially oriented polyester film having a three-layer structure (P1 layer/P3 layer/P2 layer structure) was obtained, in which the P1 layer was provided so that the film thickness was as shown in Table 4.
- the structure and film properties of the obtained biaxially oriented polyester film were as shown in Tables 5 and 6.
- Production suitability and use suitability as shown in Table 7, although film productivity, suitability for high-temperature lamination processing, and suitability for dry film resist were equal to or inferior to those of Example 1, the film had no practical problems.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 5 In Comparative Examples 1 to 5, biaxially oriented polyester films were produced under the film forming conditions listed in Tables 2 to 4. The structure and film properties of the obtained biaxially oriented polyester film were as shown in Tables 5 and 6. As for production suitability and use suitability, as shown in Table 7, the film was significantly inferior to Example 1 in any of film productivity, high temperature lamination suitability, and dry film resist suitability.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention has excellent processing suitability in the high-temperature lamination process of a film for dry film resist. Since it has productivity and good optical properties by controlling the particle size and surface shape, it is suitably used as a support film for dry film resist for fine wiring.
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Abstract
Description
[II]フィルム温度を90℃から130℃まで昇温する際のフィルム寸法変化率をΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)とした場合に、幅方向(TD方向)、長手方向(MD方向)の少なくとも一方向が20以上150以下であり、フィルム総厚みをT(μm)が11以上50以下である[I]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[III]前記ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)が-50以上150以下である方向において、フィルム温度を110℃から130℃まで昇温する際の寸法変化率ΔL110-130℃(ppm/℃)が0以上である[I]または[II]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[IV]前記ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)が-50以上150以下である方向に対し面内垂直方向の90℃から130℃まで昇温する際の寸法変化率ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)が-200以上0以下である[I]または[II]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[V]前記ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)が-50以上150以下である方向において、フィルム温度を90℃から110℃まで昇温する際の寸法変化率ΔL90-110℃(ppm/℃)が0以上である[I]または[II]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[VI]少なくとも片側表面の二乗平均平方根粗さSq(nm)が0.8以上3.0未満である[I]または[II]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[VII]平均1次粒子径が70nm以上200nm以下の粒子を含有する層(P1層)を少なくとも片側最表層に有する[I]または[II]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[VIII]前記P1層の厚みをTP1(μm)とした場合にTP1が0.03以上0.35以下である[VII]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[IX]前記P1層表面の二乗平均平方根粗さSqP1(nm)とした場合にSqP1(nm)が0.8以上3.0未満である[VII]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[X]前記P1層と反対側に最表層(P2層)が次の(1)、(2)を満たす[VII]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
(1) 平均1次粒子径が200nm以上の粒子を含まない
(2) 表面に突起を有し、高さ10nm以上の突起個数をN10nm(個/mm2)とした場合にN10nmが600以上12000以下である
[XI]前記P1層と前記P2層の間に、P1層よりも含有粒子濃度が低い、または粒子を含まない層(P3層)を有する[X]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
[XII]光学顕微鏡により観察される、前記P1層側からフィルム厚み方向3μmの領域に存在する長径2.0μm以上の粗大物の数をNP1(個/8.25mm)とした場合に、NP1が20以下である[VII]に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
本発明は、フィルム温度を90℃から130℃まで昇温する際のフィルム寸法変化率をΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)とした場合に、幅方向(TD方向)、長手方向(MD方向)少なくとも一方向が-50以上150以下であり、フィルム総厚みT(μm)が11以上50以下であるドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム、である。
本発明のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムはポリエステル樹脂を主成分とする構成であることが好ましい。
本発明のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムは、二軸配向していることにより、フィルムの機械強度が向上することでシワが入りにくくなり、巻取り性が向上させることができ、また延伸工程において均一な延伸応力をかけることで表面の平滑性をフィルム全域において均一にすることができる。ここでいう二軸配向とは、広角X線回折で二軸配向のパターンを示すものをいう。ポリエステルフィルムは、一般に未延伸状態の熱可塑性樹脂シートをシート長手方向および幅方向に延伸し、その後熱処理と弛緩処理を施し結晶配向を完了させることにより、得ることができる。詳しくは後述する。
本発明のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムは、フィルム温度を90℃から130℃まで昇温する際のフィルム寸法変化率をΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)とした場合に、幅方向(TD方向)、長手方向(MD方向)の少なくとも一方向が-50以上150以下である必要がある。
本発明のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムは、平均1次粒子径が70nm以上200nm以下の粒子を含有する層(P1層)を有することが好ましい。平均1次粒子径が200nm以下の粒子を含有させることで、レジスト光がP1層中を通過する際に光散乱することを抑制し、レジスト配線の欠陥発生を抑制することができる。また、70nm以上の粒子をP1層に含有させることで、表面を荒らすことでフィルム製膜時の走行性を向上させることができる。本発明のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムのさらに好ましい形態としては、平均1次粒子径が70nm以上150nm以下の粒子を含有する層(P1層)を有することである。
本発明のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムは、前記P1層とは反対表面側に以下の(1)、(2)を満たすP2層を有することが好ましい。
(1) 平均1次粒子径が200nm以上の粒子を含有しない
(2) 表面に突起を有し、高さ10nm以上の突起個数をN10nm(個/mm2)とした場合にN10nmが600以上12000以下である
本発明の前記P2層が、平均1次粒子径が200nm以上の粒子を含有しないことで、P2層表面に突発的な粗大突起が形成されP2層表面上にレジスト層を設けた際にP2層表面の凹凸形状転写によりレジスト層欠陥が発生することを抑制することができる。また、レジスト光の光散乱を抑制する観点からも平均1次粒子径が200nm以上の粒子を含有しないことが好ましい。前記P2層の含有粒子としては、平均1次粒子径が150nm以上の粒子を含有しないことがより好ましく、平均1次粒子径が100nm以上の粒子を含有しないことが更に好ましく、平均1次粒子径が70nm以上の粒子を含有しないことが最も好ましい。
E=Vp×Ip/(S×Wt)
E:E値(W・min/m2)
Vp:印加電圧(V)
Ip:印加電流(A)
S:処理速度(m/min)
Wt:処理幅(m)。
本発明のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムは前記粒子を含有する走行面層(P1層)および突起を有する(P2層)の間に、P1層よりも含有粒子濃度が低い、または粒子を含まないP3層を設けてもよい。
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムにおける前記P3層としては、P1層よりも含有粒子濃度が低く、なおかつ平均1次粒子径が70nm以上200nm以下の粒子の含有濃度がP1層よりも低い形態、または粒子を含まない形態がより好ましい。
次に、本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの製造方法について例を挙げて説明するが、本発明は、かかる例によって得られる物のみに限定して解釈されるものではない。
未延伸フィルムを二軸延伸する場合の延伸条件に関しては、本発明のポリエステルフィルムがポリエステルを主成分とする場合、長手方向の延伸としては、未延伸フィルムを70℃以上に加熱されたロール群に導き、長手方向(縦方向、すなわちフィルムの進行方向)に延伸し、20℃以上50℃以下の温度に設定したロール群で冷却することが好ましい。長手方向の延伸における加熱ロール温度の下限についてはシートの延伸性を損なわない限り特に制限はないが、使用するポリエステル樹脂のガラス転移温度を超えることが好ましい。また、長手方向の延伸倍率の好ましい範囲は3.0倍以上4.8倍以下である。より好ましい範囲としては3.5倍以上4.8倍以下である。長手方向の延伸倍率が3.0倍以上であると、配向結晶化が進行しフィルム強度を向上することができる。一方で、延伸倍率を4.8倍以下とすることで、長手方向に対し面内垂直方向(幅方向)の90℃から130℃まで昇温する際の寸法変化率ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)を好ましい範囲に制御することができるとともに過剰な配向により製造中のフィルム破れが多発し生産性が低下することを抑制できる。
A.走査型白色干渉顕微鏡(VertScan)による評価
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムより6cm×6cmのサンプリングを行い、それぞれのサンプルについて、走査型白色干渉顕微鏡(装置:日立ハイテクサイエンス社製“VertScan”(登録商標) VS1540)を用い、二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムにおける表面を、50倍対物レンズを使用し測定モードをWAVEモードに設定し、測定面積113μm×113μmで90視野測定を行う。サンプルセットは、測定Y軸がサンプルフィルムの長手方向(フィルムが巻き取られている方向)となるようにサンプルをステージにセットして測定する。なお、長手方向が分からないサンプルの場合は、測定Y軸がサンプルフィルムの任意の1方向となるようして測定し、その後120度回転させた方向となるようして測定し、さらにその後120度回転させた方向となるようにして測定し、それぞれの測定結果の平均をそのサンプル有する突起個数とする。また測定するサンプルフィルムは、ゴムパッキンの入った2枚の金属フレームに挟み込むことで、フレーム内のフィルムが張った状態(サンプルのたるみやカールを除した状態)にしてサンプル表面の測定を行う。
下記の順にて画像処理を行う。
・補間処理 :完全補間
・フィルタ処理:メジアン(3×3ピクセル)
・面補正 :4次。
二軸配向ポリエステルの表面に関して90視野の走査型白色干渉顕微鏡測定を行い、前述の画像処理を行った各測定画像に関して、表面解析ソフトウェア内の「ISOパラメータ」解析において以下の解析条件と共に「Height Parameters」を選択し得られた数値群をパラメータシート欄に出力することで得られる二乗平均平方根粗さSq(nm)を求め、90視野の平均値を測定面の二乗平均平方根粗さSq(nm)とする。前述の方法にて求まる前記P1層表面の二乗平均平方根粗さをSqP1(nm)、前記P2層表面の二乗平均平方根粗さをSqP2(nm)とする。
(ISOパラメータ解析条件)
下記の条件にてISOパラメータ解析処理を行う。
・S-Filter:自動
・正規確率紙
分割数 :300
計算範囲の上限 :3.000
計算範囲の下限 :-3.000
・パラメータ :「Height Parameters」を選択
・出力 :「パラメータリスト」を選択
(パラメータシート出力)
上記ISOパラメータ解析によって表示される「ISOパラメータ」ウインドウ中の「Height Parameters」を選択し「パラメータシートに追加」を行うことで「パラメータシート」ウインドウの「ISOパラメータ」タブで表示される「Sq[μm]」をnm単位に換算し用いる。
上記に従い、表面(A面)の顕微鏡像観察と画像処理を施した後、該顕微鏡に内蔵された表面解析ソフトウェアVS-Viewer Version 10.0.3.0にて、下記条件にて粒子解析処理を行い、10nmの高さ閾値(R50nm、高さ閾値設定値:0.01μm)にて検出される「粒子解析」画面に表示される粒子の個数(個)を測定面積(113μm×113μm)で割ることで高さ10nm以上の突起個数(個/mm2)を求める。
(粒子解析条件)
下記の条件にて突起解析処理を行う。
・解析種類 :突解析
・画像補正 :なし
・処理
高さ閾値 : 0.01μm
粒子整形 : なし
基準高さ : ゼロ面(平均面)
・判定対象
高さ/深さ : -10000μm≦h≦10000μm
最長径 : -10000μm≦d≦10000μm
体積 : V≧0.0000μm3
アスペクト比: r≧0.0000
ヒストグラム: 分割数 50
(基準高さ:ゼロ面(平均面))
前記、基準高さ(高さ0nm)設定における「ゼロ面(平均面)」としては、前述の方法により顕微鏡像観察を行い、前述の画像処理を施した得られる測定画像(113μm×113μm)において、以下の式より自動的に求まる「高さの平均値(Ave)」の平面を用いる。
・ly:前述の画像処理を行った各測定画像におけるY方向の範囲長さ
・h(x,y):前述の画像処理を行った測定画像内の各画像点(x,y)における高さ
B.熱寸法変化率ΔL(ppm/℃)
(i)熱機械分析(TMA)測定
熱機械測定装置TMA/SS6000(セイコーインスツル社製)および付属の解析ソフトTMA/SS6100(セイコーインスツル社製)を用いて、下記要領にて測定する。
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを、測定する方向に30mm、測定方向と直交する方向に4mmとなるように短冊状に切り出し、測定する方向にチャック間距離が20mmとなるように装置に取り付ける。
前項(i)に従い、フィルム温度90℃および130℃におけるフィルム寸法から以下の式(1)を用いて90℃から130℃に昇温する工程での熱寸法変化率ΔL90-130℃を求める。2回の測定を行いその平均値を二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの有する90℃から130℃に昇温する工程での熱寸法変化率ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)とする。
ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)=[(130℃でのフィルム寸法(μm))-(90℃でのフィルム寸法(μm))]/[130℃-90℃]×10000・・・(1)
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの幅方向および長手方向に関して、測定を行い幅方向および長手方向のΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)を求める。
前項(i)に従い、フィルム温度90℃および110℃におけるフィルム寸法から以下の式(2)を用いて90℃から110℃に昇温する工程での熱寸法変化率ΔL90-110℃を求める。2回の測定を行いその平均値を二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの有する90℃から110℃に昇温する工程での熱寸法変化率ΔL90-110℃(ppm/℃)とする。
ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)=[(110℃でのフィルム寸法(μm))-(90℃でのフィルム寸法(μm))]/[110℃-90℃]×10000・・・(2)
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの前記幅方向に関して、測定を行い幅方向のΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)を求める。
前項(i)に従い、フィルム温度90℃および110℃におけるフィルム寸法から以下の式(2)を用いて110℃から130℃に昇温する工程での熱寸法変化率ΔL110-130℃を求める。2回の測定を行いその平均値を二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの有する110℃から130℃に昇温する工程での熱寸法変化率ΔL110-130℃(ppm/℃)とする。
ΔL110-130℃(ppm/℃)=[(130℃でのフィルム寸法(μm))-(110℃でのフィルム寸法(μm))]/[130℃-110℃]×10000・・・(2)
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの前記幅方向に関して、測定を行い幅方向のΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)を求める。
(i)フィルム総厚みT
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの総厚みは、ダイヤルゲージを用い、JIS K7130(1992年)A-2法に準じて、フィルムを10枚重ねた状態で任意の5ヶ所について厚さを測定した。その平均値を10で除してフィルム総厚みT(μm)とする。
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム断面を、フィルム幅方向に平行な方向にミクロトームで切り出す。該断面を走査型電子顕微鏡で5000~20000倍の倍率で観察し、積層各層の厚み比率を求める。求めた積層比率と前記(i)項で得た全層フィルム厚みから、各層の厚みを算出する。
(i)固有粘度(IV)
オルトクロロフェノール100mlに、測定試料(ポリエステル樹脂(原料)又は本発明のポリエステルフィルム)を溶解させ(溶液濃度C(測定試料重量/溶液体積)=1.2g/100ml)、その溶液の25℃での粘度を、オストワルド粘度計を用いて測定した。また、同様に溶媒の粘度を測定した。得られた溶液粘度、溶媒粘度を用いて、下記式(1)により、[η]を算出し、得られた値をもってポリエステルフィルム全体の固有粘度(IV)とした。
ηsp/C=[η]+K[η]2・C ・・・(1)
(ここで、ηsp=(溶液粘度/溶媒粘度)-1、Kはハギンス定数(0.343とする)である。)
なお、測定試料を溶解させた溶液に無機粒子などの不溶物がある場合は、以下の方法を用いて測定を行った。
(1-1)オルトクロロフェノール100mLに測定試料を溶解させ、溶液濃度が1.2g/100mLよりも濃い溶液を作成する。ここで、オルトクロロフェノールに供した測定試料の重量を測定試料重量とする。
(1-2)次に、不溶物を含む溶液を濾過し、不溶物の重量測定と、濾過後の濾液の体積測定を行う。
(1-3)濾過後の濾液にオルトクロロフェノールを追加して、(測定試料重量(g)-不溶物の重量(g))/(濾過後の濾液の体積(mL)+追加したオルトクロロフェノールの体積(mL))が、1.2g/100mLとなるように調整する。
(例えば、測定試料重量2.0g/溶液体積100mLの濃厚溶液を作成したときに、該溶液を濾過したときの不溶物の重量が0.2g、濾過後の濾液の体積が99mLであった場合は、オルトクロロフェノールを51mL追加する調整を実施する。((2.0g-0.2g)/(99mL+51mL)=1.2g/100mL)
(1-4)(1-3)で得られた溶液を用いて、25℃での粘度を、オストワルド粘度計を用いて測定し、得られた溶液粘度、溶媒粘度を用いて、上記式(5)により、[η]を算出し、得られた値をもって固有粘度(IV)とする。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの原料として使用する粒子マスターペレットに関して前項(i)と同様にして粒子マスターペレットの固有粘度(IVMP)を得た。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの原料として使用するポリエステル樹脂に関して前項(i)と同様にしてポリエステル樹脂の固有粘度(IVPET)を得た。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムに関して前項(i)と同様にして測定を行い二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの固有粘度(IV)を得た。
(i)粒子観察
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムに関して、ミクロトームを用いて表面に対して垂直方向に切削した小片を作成し、その断面を下記するTEM(透過型電子顕微鏡:(株)日立製作所製H7100FA型)を用いてP1層、P2層またはP3層を1万~10万倍で観察し粒子を含有する断面写真を得た。
測定条件:加速電圧 100kV
測定倍率:20万倍~80万倍
試料調整:超薄膜切片法(RuO4染色)。
前記(i)にて記載の方法にて得られた断面写真よりP1層、P2層またはP3層中に存在する粒子の粒度分布を画像解析ソフトImage-Pro Plus(日本ローパー(株))を用いて求めた。断面画像は異なる任意の測定視野から選び出し、断面画像に存在する400個以上の粒子に関してそれぞれの粒子の等価円相当径を測定した。得られた粒子の等価円相当径に関して、横軸を粒子径(等価円相当径)、縦軸を粒子の存在比率とした個数基準粒度分布測定を行い、極大を示すピークトップの粒子径(等価円相当径)を平均1次粒子ピーク径D1(nm)とした。この際、複数の粒子が連なった凝集粒子が確認された場合は、凝集粒子を構成する個々の粒子(これ以上粒子を分割できない最小の粒子)の等価円相当径を求めその値を用いて個数基準粒度分布測定を行う。
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムが粒子径の異なる2種類以上の粒子を含有する場合、上記個数基準粒度分布では2個以上のピークを有する分布となる。この場合は、それぞれのピーク値をそれぞれの粒子の平均1次粒子径(ピーク径D1)とする。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムのP1層、P2層、P3層それぞれの部分のみを削り取った試料1gを1N-KOHメタノール溶液200mlに投入して加熱還流し、ポリマーを溶解させる。溶解が終了した該溶液に200mlの水を加え、ついで該液体を遠心分離器にかけて粒子を沈降させ、上澄み液を取り除いた。粒子にはさらに水を加えて洗浄、遠心分離を2回繰り返した。このようにして得られた粒子を乾燥させ、その質量(g)を量ることで二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの各層部分に含有される粒子の含有濃度(質量%)を算出した。
(i)初期ヘイズ(H0)
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを5cm角にサンプリングした後、全自動直読ヘイズコンピューターHGM-2DP(スガ試験機(株)製)を用いて厚さ方向のヘイズ(%)を測定し、3回試行における測定値の平均を二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの初期ヘイズ(H0)として求めた。
150℃に保たれたオーブンに前項(i)で使用した5cm角サンプルを投入し、1時間の熱処理の加速試験を行う。その後、オーブンから取り出し室温まで冷却した後、前項(i)と同様にして、熱処理後のフィルムヘイズを測定する。3回試行における測定値の平均を二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの熱処理後のヘイズ(H1)とする。
150℃1時間の熱処理前後のヘイズ上昇量(ΔH)を、下記式(2)を用いて求めた。
ΔH=H1-H0・・・(2)
G.P1層の粗大物個数評価
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを11mm×0.75mm(8.25mm2)に切り出し、光学顕微鏡(Nikon製ECLIPSE LV100)を用いてフィルムP1層表面について、フィルム表面に焦点を合わせた後、フィルム厚み方向のフィルム内部側に焦点をずらしながら、フィルム表面からフィルム厚み方向3μmまでの領域の観察を実施し、フィルム表面からフィルム厚み方向3μmの領域に存在する長径2.0μm以上の粗大物の個数を計測する。測定数はn=3とし、それら平均値をサンプルの有する粗大物個数NP1(個/8.25mm2)とする。
A.フィルム生産性
(i)トタンシワ評価
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを速度が100m/分以上の条件にて幅2000mm幅以上で巻取り長さ4000m以上の二軸延伸フィルムロールの巻取りを10回行う。得られた10本のフィルムスリットロールのうち、フィルムが幅方向に高さ5mm以上波打つトタン状のシワ(トタンシワ)が10m以上発生した本数に関して下記の通り評価した。
B:10本のロールの内、トタンシワの発生したロールが2本以上3本以下。
C:10本のロールの内、トタンシワの発生したロールが4本以上6本以下。
D:10本のロールの内、トタンシワの発生したロールが7本以上。
トタンシワ評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
前記(i)項にて得られた10本のロールの内トタンシワが発生しなかったロールに関して、速度130m/分以上の速度条件にて幅1000mmとなる用にスリットを行い連続した4000mのスリットロール巻取りを10本採取する。得られた10本のフィルムスリットロールの巻き外観から巻きシワ発生に関して下記の通り評価した。
B:10本のロールの内、巻きシワの発生したロールが2本以上3本以下。
C:10本のロールの内、巻きシワの発生したロールが4本以上6本以下。
D:10本のロールの内、巻きシワの発生したロールが7本以上。
巻取りシワ評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
前記(ii)項にて得られた10本のスリットロールそれぞれの表層から10mを巻き出し、幅1000mmかつ長さ1m(表層から10m~11m巻き出した位置)のフィルムサンプルを採取する。得られた10本のロールのフィルムサンプルの表面観察を行い、表面キズを目視にて確認し、各ロールの表面キズに関して下記の通り評価した。
B:10本のロールの内、表面キズの発生したロールが2本以上3本以下。
C:10本のロールの内、表面キズの発生したロールが4本以上6本以下。
D:10本のロールの内、表面キズの発生したロールが7本以上。
表面キズ評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
(i)レジスト層塗工とラミネート加工
以下a.b.の方法により二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム上にレジスト層を設け、ラミネート加工を行う。
ラミネート搬送速度:2m/分
ラミネートロール温度:100℃、および120℃
ラミネート圧力:0.5MPa
ラミネートロール温度を100℃とした場合の銅箔基板と二軸配向ポリエステルサンプルとのA4サイズのラミネートサンプルを目視確認することで、100℃でのラミネート加工適性を、ラミネートロール温度を120℃とした場合の銅箔基板と二軸配向ポリエステルサンプルのラミネートサンプルを目視確認することで120℃でのラミネート加工適性を評価する。
前項(i)a.~b.項にて得られたラミネートロール温度100℃でラミネートを行った銅箔基板と二軸配向ポリエステルサンプルとのA4サイズのラミネートサンプル10枚を目視にてラミネートボイド(ラミネート層の浮き)の有無を確認し、ボイドの長径が1mmを超えるサンプル枚数から、以下の通り評価を行った。
B:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートボイドが2枚以上3枚以下で発生する。
C:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートボイドが4枚以上6枚以下で発生する。
D:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートボイドが7枚以上で発生する。
100℃ラミネートボイド評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
前項(ii)で用いたラミネートロール温度100℃でラミネートを行った銅箔基板と二軸配向ポリエステルサンプルとのA4サイズのラミネートサンプル10枚を目視にてラミネート時に生じる長さ1cm以上のシワの有無を確認し以下の通り評価を行った。
B:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートシワが2枚以上3枚以下で発生する。
C:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートシワが4枚以上6枚以下で発生する。
D:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートシワが7枚以上で発生する。
100℃ラミネートシワ評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
前項(i)a.~b.項にて得られたラミネートロール温度120℃でラミネートを行った銅箔基板と二軸配向ポリエステルサンプルとのA4サイズのラミネートサンプル10枚を目視にて確認し、ラミネート層と二軸延伸ポリエステルサンプル層間の浮きの有無を確認し、ボイドの長径が1mmを超える浮き(ラミネートボイド)が悪人されたサンプル枚数から、以下の通り評価を行った。
B:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートボイドが2枚以上3枚以下で発生する。
C:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートボイドが4枚以上6枚以下で発生する。
D:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートボイドが7枚以上で発生する。
120℃ラミネートボイド評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
前項(iv)で用いたラミネートロール温度120℃でラミネートを行った銅箔基板と二軸配向ポリエステルサンプルとのA4サイズのラミネートサンプル10枚を目視にてラミネート時に生じる高さ2mm以上、かつ長さ1cm以上のシワ(ラミネートシワ)の有無を確認し以下の通り評価を行った。
B:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートシワが2枚以上3枚以下で発生する。
C:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートシワが4枚以上6枚以下で発生する。
D:10枚のラミネートサンプルの内、ラミネートシワが7枚以上で発生する。
120℃ラミネートシワ評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
(i)投影露光による微細配線形成
前記Bの(i)項にて得られたラミネートロール温度120℃にラミネートを行ったサンプルに10枚に関して、二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムのレジスト層を設ける面とは反対面(P1層表面)上にクロム金属でパターニングされたレチクル(レジスト配線パターンのL/S(μm)(Line and Space)=5μm/5μm 30本)を配置し、そのレクチル上から(本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムのP1層表面側から)投影レンズを具備したi線(波長365nmにピークをもつ紫外線)ステッパーを用いた投影露光を行う。
その後、感光性樹脂層からポリエステルフィルムを剥離した後、現像液N-A5が入った容器に感光性樹脂層を入れ約1分間の現像を行う。その後、現像液から取り出し、水で約1分間の洗浄を行う。現像後に作成されたレジスト配線パターンのL/S(μm)(Line and Space)=5μm/5μm、30本の状態を、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて約800~3000倍率で観察する。
前項(i)にて得られた10枚の微細配線レジスト配線形成サンプルに関して、各々のサンプルにて形成した30本の配線パターンエリアに関して、複数の配線にまたがって配線形状欠陥が発生する円相当径で100μm以上のエリア欠陥の生じる枚数を確認し、その枚数から下記の通り評価を行う。
A:エリア欠陥のあるサンプルが1枚以下
B:エリア欠陥のあるサンプルが2枚以上3枚以下。
C:エリア欠陥のあるサンプルが4枚以上6枚以下。
D:エリア欠陥のあるサンプルが7枚以上。
前項(ii)にて評価に用いた10枚の微細配線レジスト配線形成サンプルに関して、各々のサンプルにて形成した30本の配線パターン上面の長辺部分において直線形状が歪み0.5μm以上の凹む部分が存在する配線パターンの本数を10枚のサンプルそれぞれにて確認し、それらの平均値を用いてフィルムの微細配線レジスト形状(5μm幅)を下記の通り評価する。
S:欠けのある本数が平均1本以下
A:欠けのある本数が平均2本以上3本以下
B:欠けのある本数が平均4本以上7本以下。
C:欠けのある本数が平均8本以上10本以下。
D:欠けのある本数が平均11本以上。
微細配線レジスト形状評価(5μm幅)としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
前項(ii)にて評価に用いた10枚の微細配線レジスト配線形成サンプルに関して、各々のサンプルにて形成した30本のレジスト配線パターンに関して、配線パターンが1.5μm以上に欠ける部分が存在する配線パターンの本数を各々確認しそれらの平均値を用いて、フィルムの微細配線ピンホール欠陥評価を下記の通り評価する。
A:ピンホール欠点のある本数が平均0本
B:ピンホール欠点のある本数が平均1本以上5本以下。
C:ピンホール欠点のある本数が平均6本以上10本以下。
D:ピンホール欠点のある本数が平均10本を超える。
微細配線ピンホール欠陥評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
前項(i)と同様において、クロム金属でパターニングされたレチクル(レジスト配線パターンのL/S(μm)(Line and Space)=8μm/8μm 30本)を用い、現像後に作成されたレジスト配線パターンのL/S(μm)(Line and Space)が8μm/8μmとなる、30本の配線を形成させたサンプルを10枚得る。
10枚の微細配線レジスト配線形成サンプルに関して、各々のサンプルにて形成した30本の配線パターン上面の長辺部分において直線形状が歪み0.8μm以上の凹む部分が存在する配線パターンの本数を10枚のサンプルそれぞれにて確認し、それらの平均値を用いてフィルムの微細配線レジスト形状(8μm幅)を下記の通り評価する。
S:欠けのある本数が平均1本以下
A:欠けのある本数が平均2本以上3本以下
B:欠けのある本数が平均4本以上7本以下。
C:欠けのある本数が平均8本以上10本以下。
D:欠けのある本数が平均11本以上。
微細配線レジスト形状(8μm幅)評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
前項(i)と同様において、クロム金属でパターニングされたレチクル(レジスト配線パターンのL/S(μm)(Line and Space)=3μm/3μm 30本)を用い、現像後に作成されたレジスト配線パターンのL/S(μm)(Line and Space)が3μm/3μmとなる、30本の配線を形成させたサンプルを10枚得る。
10枚の微細配線レジスト配線形成サンプルに関して、各々のサンプルにて形成した30本の配線パターン上面の長辺部分において直線形状が歪み0.3μm以上の凹む部分が存在する配線パターンの本数を10枚のサンプルそれぞれにて確認し、それらの平均値を用いてフィルムの微細配線レジスト形状(3μm幅)を下記の通り評価する。
S:欠けのある本数が平均1本以下
A:欠けのある本数が平均2本以上3本以下
B:欠けのある本数が平均4本以上7本以下。
C:欠けのある本数が平均8本以上10本以下。
D:欠けのある本数が平均11本以上。
微細配線レジスト形状(3μm幅)評価としてはA~Cが良好であり、その中で最もAが優れている。
その後、得られたポリエステルペレットを160℃で6時間乾燥し結晶化させた後、220℃、真空度0.3Torr、8時間の固相重合を行い、固相重合PET(PET-1)を得た。得られた固相重合PETのガラス転移温度は81℃、融点は255℃、固有粘度は0.61であった。
[MB-B~Gの製造]前項[MB-Aの製造]の方法と同様にして、表1に記載の通り、PET-1もしくはPET-2の重合に際し、PETに対する添加量が表1に記載の通りとなるように、エチレングリコールに分散させた表1に記載の粒子を添加し、粒子マスターペレットMB-B~Gを得た。粒子マスターペレットの特性は表1に記載の通りであった。
[樹脂(A)]
・アクリル樹脂(a-1)
日本カーバイド工業製アクリルモノマー共重合体“ニカゾール”(登録商標)RX7013ED(固形分濃度35%、溶媒:水)を用いた。
ステンレス反応容器に、メタクリル酸メチル(a)を75質量部、メタクリル酸ヒドロキシエチル(b)を20質量部、ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー(根上工業(株)製、アートレジン(登録商標)UN-3320HA、アクリロイル基の数が6)(c)を質量部の比率で仕込み、乳化剤としてドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムを前記(a)~(c)の合計100質量部に対して2質量部を加えて撹拌し、混合液1を調製した。次に、攪拌機、環流冷却管、温度計及び滴下ロートを備えた反応装置を準備した。上記混合液1を60重量部と、イソプロピルアルコール200重量部、重合開始剤として過硫酸カリウムを5重量部とを反応装置に仕込み、60℃に加熱し、混合液2を調製した。混合液2は60℃の加熱状態のまま20分間保持させた。次に、混合液1を40重量部とイソプロピルアルコール50重量部、過硫酸カリウム5重量部からなる混合液3を調製した。続いて、滴下ロートを用いて混合液3を2時間かけて混合液2へ滴下し、混合液4を調製した。その後、混合液4は60℃に加熱した状態のまま2時間保持した。得られた混合液4を50℃以下に冷却した後、攪拌機、減圧設備を備えた容器に移した。そこに、濃度25重量%のアンモニア水60重量部、及び純水900重量部を加え、60℃に加熱しながら減圧下にてイソプロピルアルコール及び未反応モノマーを回収し、純水に分散されたアクリル樹脂(a-2)を得て用いた。
前記アクリル樹脂(a-2)に記載の方法を用いて、メチルメタアクリレート/エチルエタアクリレート/アクリル酸/N-メチロールアクリルアミドからなる水分散性アクリル共重合体(ガラス転移温度80℃)の水分散体(平均粒子径:110nm、固形分濃度40%)を用いた。
・メチロール化メラミン樹脂(b-1)
(株)三和ケミカル製、“ニカラック”(登録商標)MW12LF(固形分濃度70質量%、溶媒:水)を用いた。
・粒子(c-1)
日揮触媒化成(株)製、平均1次粒子径が80nmのシリカの水分散体“カタロイド”(登録商標)SI-80P(固形分濃度10質量%、溶媒:水)を用いた。
これらアクリル樹脂(a-1)、メチロール化メラミン樹脂(b-1)、粒子(c-1)、および溶媒としての水をそれぞれの成分は表2に記載の比率になるよう混ぜ合わせた固形分濃度が3%の混合溶液を得た。この混合溶液100部に対し、信越化学工業(株)製、界面活性剤“オルフィン” (登録商標)EXP4051F(固形分濃度70質量%、溶媒:水)を液比で0.1部加え[塗料組成物A]を得た。
用いるアクリル樹脂を表2の通り変更し、表2に記載の比率になる様に混ぜ合わせた以外は[塗料組成物A]と同様にして[塗料組成物B]および[塗料組成物C]を得た。
PET樹脂ペレットPET-1、PET-2、および粒子マスターペレットMB-A~Cを180℃で2時間半減圧乾燥した後、配合量が表3に記載のP1層、P2層、P3層の量になるように配合し、3台それぞれの押出機に供給し、溶融押出してフィルターで濾過した後、フィードブロックにて3層構成(P1層/P3層/P2層構成)に積層するように合流させた後、Tダイを介し42℃に保った冷却キャストロール上に静電印加キャスト法を用いて巻き付け冷却固化して未延伸フィルムを得た。ここでP1層およびP2層のフィルター濾過には5μm以上の異物を95%以上捕集する高精度なフィルターを用い、P3層のフィルター濾過には2μm以上の異物を95%以上捕集する高精度なフィルターを用いて溶融押出を行う。
この未延伸フィルムを相対する電極とアースロール間に導き、装置中に窒素ガスを導入し、処理強度(E値)が280W・min/m2となる条件でP2層の表面に大気圧グロー放電によるプラズマ処理を行った。
実施例2~5では表2~4に記載の製膜条件で二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを作成した。ここで実施例12では、P2層とP3層を溶融押出後に積層させた後、縦延伸後フィルムにおけるP3層のP2層を設けるのとは反対表面に表2に記載の塗料組成物Aを用いたインラインコート手法にて乾燥後塗膜厚みが表4に記載通りになるようにP1層を設け、3層構成(P1層/P3層/P2層構成)の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。
実施例19、20においては、塗料組成物を表3に記載の通り、それぞれ塗料組成物Bおよび塗料組成物Cに変更した以外は実施例12と同様にして、インラインコート手法にて乾燥後塗膜厚みが表4に記載通りになるようにP1層を設けた、3層構成(P1層/P3層/P2層構成)の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。
得られた二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの構成、フィルム特性は表5、表6に示す通りであった。
生産適性、用途適性は表7に示す通り、フィルム生産性、高温ラミネート加工適正、ドライフィルムレジスト適性のいずれかが実施例1対比で同等もしくは劣るものの、実用上問題無いフィルムであった。
比較例1~5では表2~4に記載の製膜条件で二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを作成した。
得られた二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの構成、フィルム特性は表5、表6に示す通りであった。
生産適性、用途適性は表7に示す通り、フィルム生産性、高温ラミネート加工適正、ドライフィルムレジスト適性のいずれかが実施例1対比で大幅に劣るフィルムであった。
2.突起を有する面(P2層表層)
3.走査型白色干渉顕微鏡測定におけるゼロ面(平均面;高さ0nm)
4.走査型白色干渉顕微鏡測定における高さ10nm線(R10nm)
5.P2層表層に存在する突起
6.粒子を含有する走行面側層(P1層)
7.走行面(P1層表面)
8.2層構成(P1層/P2層)の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム
9.中間層(P3層)
10.3層構成(P1層/P3層/P2層)の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム
11.中間層(P4層)
12.4層構成(P1層/P4層/P3層/P2層)の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム
Claims (12)
- フィルム温度を90℃から130℃まで昇温する際のフィルム寸法変化率をΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)とした場合に、幅方向(TD方向)、長手方向(MD方向)の少なくとも一方向が-50以上150以下であり、フィルム総厚みT(μm)が11以上50以下であるドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- フィルム温度を90℃から130℃まで昇温する際のフィルム寸法変化率をΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)とした場合に、幅方向(TD方向)、長手方向(MD方向)の少なくとも一方向が20以上150以下であり、フィルム総厚みT(μm)が11以上50以下である請求項1に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)が-50以上150以下となる方向において、フィルム温度を110℃から130℃まで昇温する際の寸法変化率ΔL110-130℃(ppm/℃)が0以上である請求項1または2に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)が-50以上150以下となる方向に対し面内垂直方向の90℃から130℃まで昇温する際の寸法変化率ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)が-200以上0以下である請求項1または2に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記ΔL90-130℃(ppm/℃)が-50以上150以下となる方向において、フィルム温度を90℃から110℃まで昇温する際の寸法変化率ΔL90-110℃(ppm/℃)が0以上である請求項1または2に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 少なくとも片側表面の二乗平均平方根粗さSq(nm)が0.8以上3.0未満である請求項1または2に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 平均1次粒子径が70nm以上200nm以下の粒子を含有する層(P1層)を少なくとも片側最表層に有する請求項1または2に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記P1層の厚みをTP1(μm)とした場合にTP1が0.03以上0.35以下である請求項7に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記P1層表面の二乗平均平方根粗さSqP1(nm)とした場合にSqP1(nm)が0.8以上3.0未満である請求項7に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記P1層と反対側に最表層(P2層)が次の(1)、(2)を満たす請求項7に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
(1) 平均1次粒子径が200nm以上の粒子を含まない
(2) 表面に突起を有し、高さ10nm以上の突起個数をN10nm(個/mm2)とした場合にN10nmが600以上12000以下である - 前記P1層と前記P2層の間に、P1層よりも含有粒子濃度が低い、または粒子を含まない層(P3層)を有する請求項10に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 光学顕微鏡により観察される、前記P1層側からフィルム厚み方向3μmの領域に存在する長径2.0μm以上の粗大物の数をNP1(個/8.25mm2)とした場合に、NP1が20以下である請求項7に記載のドライフィルムレジスト支持体用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
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