WO2024017364A1 - 调光玻璃、车门总成及车辆 - Google Patents

调光玻璃、车门总成及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024017364A1
WO2024017364A1 PCT/CN2023/108550 CN2023108550W WO2024017364A1 WO 2024017364 A1 WO2024017364 A1 WO 2024017364A1 CN 2023108550 W CN2023108550 W CN 2023108550W WO 2024017364 A1 WO2024017364 A1 WO 2024017364A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dimming
film
glass
edge
protective layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/108550
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭勇
严政
Original Assignee
福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024017364A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024017364A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6722—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light with adjustable passage of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0102—Constructional details, not otherwise provided for in this subclass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of glass technology, and in particular, to a dimmable glass, a door assembly and a vehicle.
  • Switchable glass refers to a switchable product formed by hot-pressing a switchable film and two films between two pieces of glass.
  • the switchable film plays a dimming role, and the adhesive layer plays a bonding role.
  • Through the control of an external electric field it is easy to It can realize the rapid transformation of the dimming film between colorless and transparent or colored transparent to opaque to achieve the effect of controlling the amount of light transmission.
  • the edges of the dimming film are exposed, which is prone to deterioration and shortens the service life.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dimming glass, a door assembly and a vehicle to solve the current technical problems of the dimming film of the dimming glass being exposed, easily deteriorating and shortening its service life.
  • the invention provides a dimming glass, which includes: two glass plates; at least one dimming film with a plurality of edge portions; and at least two adhesive layers sandwiched between the two glass plates.
  • the adhesive layer has a connected light-transmitting part and at least one light-shielding part, and the light-modulating film is sandwiched between the light-transmitting parts of the two adhesive layers; a protective layer and the light-modulating film
  • a plurality of edge portions of the film are spliced and sandwiched between the two adhesive layers, at least one edge portion of the dimming film is a visible edge portion, and the visible edge portion and the protective layer The splicing point is sandwiched between the light-shielding parts of the two adhesive layers.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle door assembly, including the above-mentioned dimming glass.
  • the dimming glass is used to be assembled on the door body.
  • the two glass plates are an outer glass plate and an inner glass plate respectively.
  • the outer glass plate is The first glass plate is arranged toward the outside of the vehicle, and the inner glass plate is arranged toward the inside of the vehicle.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned dimming glass.
  • the dimming glass of the present invention is spliced with the edge of the dimming film by providing a protective layer and sandwiching it between two adhesive layers. between them, thereby protecting the edge of the dimming film, effectively preventing the edge of the dimming film from deteriorating and shortening its service life. Due to the different optical properties of the protective layer and the dimming film, the protective layer and the edge There will be seam bright lines at the splicing position of the dimming film.
  • a light-shielding part is provided on the adhesive layer, and the light-shielding part is used to block the visible edge of the dimming film and the splicing position of the protective layer to avoid The bright line at the joint between the visible edge and the protective layer affects the visual experience when observing the dimmable glass.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the dimming glass of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the dimming glass of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the dimming glass according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the dimming glass according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to this embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a plan view of the dimming glass according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a kind of dimming glass, which includes: two glass plates 1; at least one dimming film 3 with a plurality of edge portions 31; at least two adhesive layers 2 sandwiched between Disposed between two glass plates 1, the adhesive layer 2 has a connected light-transmitting part 22 and at least one light-shielding part 23, and the dimming film 3 is sandwiched between the light-transmitting parts 22 of the two adhesive layers 2. ;
  • the protective layer 4 is spliced with the plurality of edge portions 31 of the dimming film 3 and is sandwiched between the two adhesive layers 2.
  • At least one edge portion 31 of the dimming film 3 is the visible edge portion 311, and The joint between the visible edge portion 311 and the protective layer 4 is sandwiched between the light-shielding portions 23 of the two adhesive layers 2 .
  • the dimming glass of the present invention protects the edge portion 31 of the dimming film 3 by providing a protective layer 4 to be spliced with the edge portion 31 of the dimming film 3 and sandwiched between the two adhesive layers 2. Effectively prevents the edge portion 31 of the dimming film 3 from deteriorating and shortening its service life. Due to the different optical properties of the protective layer 4 and the dimming film 3, seams will appear at the splicing position of the protective layer 4 and the edge portion 31. Therefore, in this application, the light shielding part 23 is provided on the adhesive layer 2, and the light shielding part 23 is used to block the splicing position of the visible edge part 311 of the dimming film 3 and the protective layer 4, so as to avoid the visible edge. The bright line of the seam at the splicing position between the portion 311 and the protective layer 4 affects the visual experience when observing the dimmable glass.
  • the visible edge portion 311 is the edge portion 31 that can be observed when the dimming glass is in use.
  • the dimming film 3 is connected to an external power supply through two electrodes 6 , thereby forming an external electric field to adjust the light transmission amount of the dimming film 3 .
  • the connection between the light-shielding part 23 and the light-transmitting part 22 and the visible edge part are The distance L between the splicing position of 311 and the protective layer 4 is not less than 3mm.
  • the shape of the light shielding portion 23 is not specifically limited, as long as it can block the splicing position of the visible edge portion 311 and the protective layer 4 .
  • the shape of the dimming film 3 is not specifically limited. It can be the same as the shape of the two glass plates 1 or different, as long as it can cover the visible area of the dimming glass in use.
  • the shape of the protective layer 4 is not specifically limited. It can be the same as the edges of the two glass plates 1 , or it can be different, as long as it can surround the dimming film 3 .
  • the dimming film 3 may be enclosed by a plurality of separate strip structures, or may be enclosed by an integral zigzag structure.
  • the dimming film 3 is a PDLC dimming film or an SPD dimming film, and one dimming film 3 is bonded to two glass plates 1 through two adhesive layers 2 as a whole.
  • the dimming film is an LC dimming film.
  • the two dimming films are bonded and fixed through an adhesive layer, and bonded to the two glass plates through the other two adhesive layers.
  • adjust The light film sheet can also adopt other types of light-switching films in the existing technology.
  • the adhesive layer 2 is a first film 21.
  • the first film 21 has a transparent area and a color area.
  • the transparent area constitutes the light-transmitting part 22, and the color area
  • the light shielding part 23 is formed.
  • the material of the first film 21 is polyvinyl butyral (PVB, Polyvinyl butyral), which has excellent adhesion to the glass plate 1, and the transparent area of the first film 21 has excellent optical transmittance.
  • the first film 21 is integrally formed through an extrusion process.
  • the thickness of the first film 21 is 0.38mm ⁇ 0.76mm.
  • the materials of the adhesive layer include but are not limited to polycarbonate (PC), soundproof PVB, shading tape PVB, thermal control PVB, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyacetal resin ( POM), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene vinyl acetate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) , polyacrylate (PA), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyurethane foam (PUR).
  • the adhesive layer includes a transparent PVB film and a colored PVB film or other sheet-like structure capable of shielding light.
  • the transparent PVB film forms the transparent part
  • the colored PVB film or other sheet-like structure capable of shielding light forms the shielding part.
  • the light-transmitting part is formed by other materials with optical transparency and adhesiveness.
  • the protective layer 4 is a second film 41
  • the second film 41 is transparent or colored.
  • the glass plate 1, the first film 21, the dimming film 3 and the second film 41 are combined into one body by hot pressing.
  • Mixture, using the viscosity of the first film 21 and the second film 41 after hot pressing the two glass plates 1, the two first films 21, the dimming film 3 and the plurality of second films 41 can be combined into one.
  • the material of the second film 41 is also PVB.
  • the thickness of the protective layer 4 formed after hot pressing of the second film 41 is the same as or approximately equivalent to the thickness of the dimming film 3 .
  • the thickness of the second film 41 is 0.38mm ⁇ 0.76mm.
  • the thickness of the dimming film 3 is 0.38mm ⁇ 0.76mm.
  • Both the first film 21 and the second film 41 can be one of ordinary PVB film, sound-insulating PVB film, heat-insulating PVB film, heat-insulating and sound-insulating PVB film, or other high-performance (such as ultraviolet filtering, etc.) PVB films or any combination of the above.
  • the glass plate 1, the adhesive layer 2 and the dimming film 3 are integrated into one piece by hot pressing.
  • the adhesive layer 2 has a plurality of edge portions 211, and two adhesive layers are formed into a single piece.
  • the edge portion 211 of the connecting layer 2 is stuck together during the hot pressing process and blocks the outside of the edge portion 31 of the dimming film 3, thereby forming the protective layer 4'.
  • the edge portion 211 of the adhesive layer 2 is the edge portion of the first film 21 and the area close to the edge portion.
  • the thickness of the dimming film 3 is less than or equal to 0.2mm.
  • the thickness of the dimming film 3 is greater than 0.2mm, the gap between the edge parts 211 of the two adhesive layers 2 is too large, and it is difficult to fit together to form the protective layer 4' during the hot pressing process, or the protective layer formed The layer 4' cannot be spliced with the edge portion 31 of the dimming film 3.
  • the protective layer 4" is connected to the dimming film 3 through the adhesion layer 5.
  • the materials of the adhesion layer 5 include but are not limited to ionic plastic polymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate ( EVA), cast-in-place (CIP) liquid resin and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
  • all edge portions 31 of the dimming film 3 are visible edge portions 311 , and have corresponding light shielding portions 23 for shielding.
  • the dimming film 3 is used to be assembled on the installation body. At least one edge 31 of the dimming film 3 is the mounting edge 312.
  • the splicing point between the mounting edge 312 and the protective layer 4 Can be blocked by the installation body. Since the bright seam line at the splicing point between the mounting edge portion 312 and the protective layer 4 is blocked by the mounting body, there is no need to provide a corresponding light shielding portion 23 on the adhesive layer 2 for blocking.
  • the number and position of the visible edge portions 311 and the mounting edge portions 312 are not specifically limited, as long as the edge portion 31 that can be observed when used on the dimming glass assembly installation body can be blocked by the light shielding portion 23 .
  • the four edge portions 31 of the dimming film 3 are respectively the top edge portion, the front edge portion, the rear edge portion and the bottom edge portion.
  • the mounting edge portion 312 can be located at the edge where the dimming glass matches the mounting body and is blocked by the mounting body, or it can be located at the edge where the dimming glass protrudes into the interior of the mounting body and is blocked by the mounting body.
  • the top edge is blocked by a light shielding part 23 .
  • the front edge portion, the rear edge portion and the bottom edge portion are not provided with corresponding light shielding portions 23 .
  • the top edge, the front edge and the rear edge are shielded by three corresponding light shielding parts 23 , and only the bottom edge is not provided with a corresponding light shielding part 23 .
  • the top edge part and the front edge part are shielded by two corresponding light shielding parts 23 , while the rear edge part and the bottom edge part are not provided with corresponding light shielding parts 23 .
  • the top edge portion and the rear edge portion are shielded by two corresponding light shielding portions 23 .
  • the front edge portion and the bottom edge portion are not provided with corresponding light shielding portions 23 .
  • the eighth embodiment only the top edge part and the bottom edge part are blocked by two corresponding light shielding parts 23 .
  • the front edge portion and the rear edge portion are not provided with corresponding light shielding portions 23 .
  • the top edge, the bottom edge and the front edge are shielded by three corresponding light shielding parts 23 . Only the rear edge portion is not provided with the corresponding light shielding portion 23 .
  • the top edge, the bottom edge and the rear edge are blocked by three corresponding light shielding parts 23 . Only the front edge portion is not provided with the corresponding light shielding portion 23 .
  • the installation body is the car door body.
  • the installation main body is the skylight main body, and the dimming glass is the skylight glass used to be installed on the skylight main body.
  • the installation main body is the front window main body, and the dimming glass is the front windshield used to be installed on the front window main body.
  • the installation body is the rear window body, and the dimming glass is the rear windshield installed on the rear window body.
  • the main body of the installation is other structures, such as door and window structures on buildings.
  • the shape of the glass plate is not specifically limited and can be adjusted according to actual installation needs.
  • the color of the glass plate includes but is not limited to green transparent glass, white transparent glass, gray transparent glass, and anti-UV glass, which can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the invention also provides a vehicle door assembly, including dimming glass.
  • vehicle door assembly including dimming glass.
  • the working principles and beneficial effects of the dimming glass in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • the dimming glass is a door glass assembled on the door body, thereby forming a liftable (movable) side window with a dimming function.
  • the light shielding part 23 on the adhesive layer 2
  • the black ink layer is damaged or failed, and it hinders the lifting or other activities of the dimming glass.
  • the two glass plates 1 are respectively an outer glass plate 12 and an inner glass plate 11.
  • the outer glass plate 12 is arranged toward the outside of the vehicle, and the inner glass plate 11 is arranged toward the inside of the vehicle.
  • the overlapping portion of the outer glass plate 12 located on the inner glass plate 11 is filled with lines.
  • the actual outer glass Both the plate 12 and the inner glass plate 11 are transparent.
  • the outer glass plate 12 is made of tempered glass
  • the inner glass plate 11 is made of tempered glass.
  • the outer glass plate 12 extends downward relative to the inner glass plate 11 to form a mounting portion 121, and the mounting portion 121 is used to connect with the lifting mechanism.
  • the outer glass plate 12 is formed of tempered glass
  • the inner glass plate 11 is formed of tempered glass, ensuring that the dimming glass can withstand external loads, and the light weight of tempered glass can be used to reduce the overall weight of the dimming glass.
  • the tempered glass is thin, by arranging the mounting portion 121 on the outer glass plate 12, it is possible to avoid drilling holes in the inner glass plate 11 and ensure the stability of the connection between the dimming glass and the lifting mechanism.
  • the thickness of the inner glass plate 11 is 0.7 mm to 1.1 mm.
  • the thickness of the outer glass plate 12 is 3.2 mm to 6.0 mm.
  • the shapes of the outer glass plate 12 and the inner glass plate 11 are the same. At least one of the two glass plates 1 is semi-tempered glass or at least one is heat-strengthened glass.
  • the invention also provides a vehicle, including dimming glass.
  • the dimming glass of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the working principle and beneficial effects of dimmable glass are the same and will not be described again here.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种调光玻璃、车门总成及车辆，包括：两个玻璃板(1)；至少一调光膜片(3)，具有多个边沿部(31)；至少两个粘接层(2)，夹设于两个玻璃板(1)之间，粘接层(2)具有相连接的透光部(22)和至少一遮光部(23)，调光膜片(3)夹设于两个粘接层(2)的透光部(22)之间；防护层(4)，与调光膜片(3)的多个边沿部(31)拼接并夹设于两个粘接层(2)之间，调光膜片(3)的至少一边沿部(31)为可视边沿部(311)，且可视边沿部(311)与防护层(4)的拼接处夹设于两个粘接层(2)的遮光部(23)之间。本发明能有效防止调光膜片(3)的边沿部(31)位发生劣化而造成使用寿命缩短，并利用遮光部(23)将调光膜片(3)的可视边沿部(311)与防护层(4)的拼接位置处进行遮挡，避免可视边沿部(311)与防护层(4)的拼接位置处的接缝亮线影响观察调光玻璃时的视觉体验。

Description

调光玻璃、车门总成及车辆
相关申请
本申请要求专利申请号为202210866651.3、申请日为2022年07月22日、发明名称为“一种调光玻璃、车门总成及车辆”的中国发明专利的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃技术领域，特别地，涉及一种调光玻璃、车门总成及车辆。
背景技术
调光玻璃是指将调光膜与两胶片一起热压于两片玻璃之间形成的调光产品，其中调光膜起调光作用，胶层起粘接作用，通过外加电场的控制，便可实现调光膜在无色透明或有色透明至不透明之间多种状态的快速变换，达到控制透光量的效果。现有的调光玻璃，调光膜的边沿部位暴露在外，容易劣化，使用寿命缩短。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种调光玻璃、车门总成及车辆，以解决目前调光玻璃的调光膜的边沿部位暴露在外，容易劣化，使用寿命缩短的技术问题。
本发明的上述目的可采用下列技术方案来实现：
本发明提供一种调光玻璃，包括：两个玻璃板；至少一调光膜片，具有多个边沿部；至少两个粘接层，夹设于两个所述玻璃板之间，所述粘接层具有相连接的透光部和至少一遮光部，所述调光膜片夹设于两个所述粘接层的所述透光部之间；防护层，与所述调光膜片的多个边沿部拼接并夹设于两个所述粘接层之间，所述调光膜片的至少一边沿部为可视边沿部，且所述可视边沿部与所述防护层的拼接处夹设于两个所述粘接层的所述遮光部之间。
本发明还提供一种车门总成，包括上述调光玻璃，所述调光玻璃用于装配在车门主体上，两个所述玻璃板分别为外层玻璃板和内层玻璃板，所述外层玻璃板朝向车外设置，所述内层玻璃板朝向车内设置。
本发明还提供一种车辆，包括上述调光玻璃。
与现有技术相比，本发明的特点及优点至少包括：
本发明的调光玻璃，通过设置防护层与调光膜片的边沿部拼接并夹设于两个粘接层 之间，从而对调光膜片的边沿部进行防护，有效防止调光膜片的边沿部发生劣化而造成使用寿命缩短，由于防护层与调光膜片的光学性质不同，导致防护层与边沿部的拼接位置处会出现接缝亮线，因此，本申请通过在粘接层上设置遮光部，利用遮光部将调光膜片的可视边沿部与防护层的拼接位置处进行遮挡，避免可视边沿部与防护层的拼接位置处的接缝亮线影响观察调光玻璃时的视觉体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的调光玻璃的剖视图。
图2为本发明的调光玻璃的平面图。
图3为本发明的第二实施例的调光玻璃的剖视图。
图4为本发明的第三实施例的调光玻璃的剖视图。
图5为本发明的本实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图6为本发明的第四实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图7为本发明的第五实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图8为本发明的第六实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图9为本发明的第七实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图10为本发明的第八实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图11为本发明的第九实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图12为本发明的第十实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图13为本发明的第十一实施例的调光玻璃的平面图。
图中：
1、玻璃板；11、内层玻璃板；12、外层玻璃板；121、安装部；2、粘接层；21、
第一胶片；211、边缘部位；22、透光部；23、遮光部；3、调光膜片；31、边沿部；311、可视边沿部；312、安装边沿部；4、防护层；41、第二胶片；4’、防护层；4”、防护层；5、粘附层；6、电极。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施方式一
如图1和图2所示，本发明提供一种调光玻璃，包括：两个玻璃板1；至少一调光膜片3，具有多个边沿部31；至少两个粘接层2，夹设于两个玻璃板1之间，粘接层2具有相连接的透光部22和至少一遮光部23，调光膜片3夹设于两个粘接层2的透光部22之间；防护层4，与调光膜片3的多个边沿部31拼接并夹设于两个粘接层2之间，调光膜片3的至少一边沿部31为可视边沿部311，且可视边沿部311与防护层4的拼接处夹设于两个粘接层2的遮光部23之间。
本发明的调光玻璃，通过设置防护层4与调光膜片3的边沿部31拼接并夹设于两个粘接层2之间，从而对调光膜片3的边沿部31进行防护，有效防止调光膜片3的边沿部31发生劣化而造成使用寿命缩短，由于防护层4与调光膜片3的光学性质不同，导致防护层4与边沿部31的拼接位置处会出现接缝亮线，因此，本申请通过在粘接层2上设置遮光部23，利用遮光部23将调光膜片3的可视边沿部311与防护层4的拼接位置处进行遮挡，避免可视边沿部311与防护层4的拼接位置处的接缝亮线影响观察调光玻璃时的视觉体验。
具体的，可视边沿部311即为调光玻璃在使用状态下能够被观察到的边沿部31。结合图2所示，调光膜片3通过两个电极6与外部电源连接，从而形成外加电场，以对调光膜片3的透光量进行调节。为确保遮光部23能够完全遮住可视边沿部311与防护层4的拼接位置处的接缝亮线，结合图1所示，遮光部23与透光部22的连接处和可视边沿部311与防护层4的拼接位置处之间的间距L不低于3mm。此外，结合图2和图13所示，遮光部23的形状不具体限制，能遮挡住可视边沿部311与防护层4的拼接位置处即可。调光膜片3的形状不具体限制，可以跟两个玻璃板1的形状相同，也可以不同，能覆盖调光玻璃在使用状态下的可视区域即可。同理，防护层4的形状也不具体限制，可以跟两个玻璃板1的边缘部位相同，也可以不同，能将调光膜片3围合即可。例如，可以是由分体的多个条状结构配合将调光膜片3围合，也可以是整体的回字形结构将调光膜片3围合。
本实施例中，调光膜片3为PDLC调光膜片或SPD调光膜片，一调光膜片3通过两个粘接层2与两个玻璃板1粘接为一体。可选的，调光膜片为LC调光膜片，两个调光膜片通过一粘接层粘接固定，并通过另外两个粘接层与两个玻璃板粘接为一体。可选的，调 光膜片也可以采用现有技术中其他类型的调光膜。
如图1、图2以及图3所示，本发明的实施方式中，粘接层2为第一胶片21，第一胶片21具有透明区域和彩色区域，透明区域构成透光部22，彩色区域构成遮光部23。第一胶片21的材料为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB，Polyvinyl butyral)，对玻璃板1具有优异的附着力，并且第一胶片21的透明区域具有优异的光学透光性。具体的，第一胶片21通过挤出工艺一体成型。第一胶片21的厚度为0.38mm～0.76mm。
可选的，粘接层的材料包括但不限于聚碳酸酯(PC)、隔音PVB、遮光带PVB、热控制PVB、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)、聚缩醛树脂(POM)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(PET)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚氟乙烯(PVF)、聚丙烯酸酯(PA)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)以及聚氨酯发泡(PUR)。可选的，粘接层包括透明PVB胶片和彩色PVB胶片或其他能够遮光的片状结构拼接形成，透明PVB胶片形成透明部，彩色PVB胶片或其他能够遮光的片状结构形成遮光部。可选的，通过其他具有光学透明性和粘接性的材料形成透光部。
如图1所示，本实施例中，防护层4为第二胶片41，第二胶片41为透明或彩色。玻璃板1、第一胶片21、调光膜片3以及第二胶片41通过热压的方式合片成一体。防护层4与调光膜片3之间防护层4与粘接层2之间、粘接层2与调光膜片3、粘接层2与玻璃板1之间，可以均无需设置其他粘合剂，利用第一胶片21和第二胶片41热压后的粘性便能将两个玻璃板1、两个第一胶片21、调光膜片3以及多个第二胶片41合片成一体。具体的，第二胶片41的材料也为PVB。第二胶片41热压后形成的防护层4的厚度与调光膜片3的厚度相同或者大致相当。第二胶片41的厚度为0.38mm～0.76mm。调光膜片3的厚度为0.38mm～0.76mm。第一胶片21和第二胶片41均可以为普通PVB胶片、隔音PVB胶片、隔热PVB胶片、隔热隔音PVB胶片或其他高性能(如过滤紫外线等)PVB胶片之一或者前述任意组合。
如图3所示，第二实施例中，玻璃板1、粘接层2以及调光膜片3通过热压的方式合片成一体，粘接层2具有多个边缘部位211，两个粘接层2的边缘部位211在热压过程中相贴合而挡于调光膜片3的边沿部31的外侧，从而形成防护层4’。具体的，粘接层2的边缘部位211即第一胶片21的边沿部以及靠近其边沿部的区域。调光膜片3的厚度小于或等于0.2mm。当调光膜片3的厚度大于0.2mm时，两个粘接层2的边缘部位211之间的间隙太大，则难以在热压过程中相贴合形成防护层4’，或者形成的防护层4’无法与调光膜片3的边沿部31拼接。
如图4所示，第三实施例中，防护层4”通过粘附层5与调光膜片3对接，粘附层5的材料包括但不限于离子塑料聚合物、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、现浇(CIP)液体树脂和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。
如图5所示，本实施例中，调光膜片3的所有边沿部31均为可视边沿部311，均具有相对应的遮光部23进行遮挡。
如图6至图12所示，调光膜片3用于装配在安装主体上，调光膜片3的至少一边沿部31为安装边沿部312，安装边沿部312与防护层4的拼接处能被安装主体遮挡。由于安装边沿部312与防护层4的拼接处的接缝亮线被安装主体遮挡，因此，无需在粘接层2上设置对应的遮光部23进行遮挡。可视边沿部311和安装边沿部312的数量以及位置不具体设限，确保调光玻璃装配安装主体上进行使用时能够被观察到的边沿部31能被遮光部23进行遮挡即可。
具体的，调光膜片3的四个边沿部31分别为顶边沿部、前侧边沿部、后侧边沿部以及底边沿部。安装边沿部312可以位于调光玻璃与安装主体相配合的边缘部位而被安装主体遮挡，也可以位于调光玻璃伸入安装主体内部的边缘部位而被安装主体遮挡。
如图6所示，第四实施例中，顶边沿部通过一遮光部23进行遮挡。前侧边沿部、后侧边沿部以及底边沿部均未设置对应的遮光部23。
如图7所示，第五实施例中，顶边沿部、前侧边沿部以及后侧边沿部通过三个相对应的遮光部23进行遮挡，仅底边沿部未设置对应的遮光部23。
如图8所示，第六实施例中，顶边沿部和前侧边沿部通过两个相对应的遮光部23进行遮挡，后侧边沿部和底边沿部未设置对应的遮光部23。
如图9所示，第七实施例中，顶边沿部和后侧边沿部通过两个相对应的遮光部23进行遮挡。前侧边沿部和底边沿部未设置对应的遮光部23。
如图10所示，第八实施例中，仅顶边沿部和底边沿部通过两个相对应的遮光部23进行遮挡。前侧边沿部和后侧边沿部未设置对应的遮光部23。
如图11所示，第九实施例中，顶边沿部、底边沿部以及前侧边沿部通过三个相对应的遮光部23进行遮挡。仅后侧边沿部未设置对应的遮光部23。
如图12所示，第十实施例中，顶边沿部、底边沿部以及后侧边沿通过三个相对应的遮光部23进行遮挡。仅前侧边沿部未设置对应的遮光部23。
调光玻璃的使用场景不具体限制，如图2所示，本实施例中，安装主体为车门主体。可选的，安装主体为天窗主体，调光玻璃为用于安装在天窗主体上的天窗玻璃。可选的， 安装主体为前窗主体，调光玻璃为用于安装在前窗主体上的前挡风玻璃。可选的，安装主体为后窗主体，调光玻璃为用于安装在后窗主体上的后挡风玻璃。可选的，安装主体为其他结构，如建筑物上的门窗结构。
玻璃板的形状不具体限制，根据实际安装的需要调整即可。玻璃板的颜色包括但不限于绿色透明玻璃、白色透明玻璃、灰色透明玻璃、防紫外线玻璃，根据实际需要选择即可。
实施方式二
本发明还提供一种车门总成，包括调光玻璃。本实施方式的调光玻璃与实施方式一中调光玻璃的工作原理以及有益效果相同，在此不再赘述。
如图2所示，调光玻璃为装配在车门主体上的车门玻璃，从而形成带有调光功能的可升降(活动式)的侧窗。本申请通过将遮光部23设置在粘接层2上，无需在调光玻璃的表面印刷黑色油墨层，从而避免外露的黑色油墨层与车门主体之间的“刮擦”或者“摩擦”而导致黑色油墨层受损或者失效，以及对调光玻璃的升降或其他活动造成阻碍。具体的，两个玻璃板1分别为外层玻璃板12和内层玻璃板11，外层玻璃板12朝向车外设置，内层玻璃板11朝向车内设置。
如图2所示，为了更好地体现外层玻璃板12和内层玻璃板11形状的不同，将外层玻璃板12上位于内层玻璃板11重叠的部分填充了线条，实际外层玻璃板12和内层玻璃板11均为透明状。外层玻璃板12为钢化玻璃，内层玻璃板11为化钢玻璃。外层玻璃板12相对于内层玻璃板11向下延伸形成安装部121，安装部121用于与升降机构连接。通过钢化玻璃构成外层玻璃板12，化钢玻璃构成内层玻璃板11，确保调光玻璃能够承受外部载荷，并且能利用化钢玻璃重量轻的这一特点来减轻调光玻璃的整体重量，此外，由于化钢玻璃较薄，通过将安装部121设置在外层玻璃板12上，能避免在内层玻璃板11上打孔，也能保证调光玻璃与升降机构连接的稳定性。具体的，内层玻璃板11的厚度为0.7mm～1.1mm。外层玻璃板12的厚度为3.2mm～6.0mm。
如图13所示，第十一实施例中，外层玻璃板12和内层玻璃板11的形状相同。两个玻璃板1中至少一个为半钢化玻璃或至少一个为热强化玻璃。
实施方式三
本发明还提供一种车辆，包括调光玻璃。本实施方式的调光玻璃与实施方式一中的 调光玻璃的工作原理以及有益效果相同，在此不再赘述。
以上所述仅为本发明的几个实施例，本领域的技术人员依据申请文件公开的内容可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动或变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种调光玻璃，其中，包括：
    两个玻璃板；
    至少一调光膜片，具有多个边沿部；
    至少两个粘接层，夹设于两个所述玻璃板之间，所述粘接层具有相连接的透光部和至少一遮光部，所述调光膜片夹设于两个所述粘接层的所述透光部之间；
    防护层，与所述调光膜片的多个边沿部拼接并夹设于两个所述粘接层之间，所述调光膜片的至少一边沿部为可视边沿部，且所述可视边沿部与所述防护层的拼接处夹设于两个所述粘接层的所述遮光部之间。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    所述粘接层包括第一胶片，所述第一胶片具有透明区域和彩色区域，所述透明区域构成所述透光部，所述彩色区域构成所述遮光部。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    所述防护层为第二胶片，所述第二胶片为透明或彩色。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    所述玻璃板、所述第一胶片、所述调光膜片以及所述第二胶片通过热压的方式合片成一体。
  5. 如权利要求1～4中任一项所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    所述玻璃板、所述粘接层以及所述调光膜片通过热压的方式合片成一体，所述粘接层具有多个边缘部位，两个所述粘接层的边缘部位在热压过程中相贴合而挡于所述调光膜片的所述边沿部的外侧，从而形成所述防护层。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    所述调光膜片的厚度小于或等于0.2mm。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述粘接层及防护层为聚乙烯醇、聚碳酸酯、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯、热塑性聚氨酯、聚缩醛树脂、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯以及聚氨酯的任意一种或其组合。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    所述防护层通过粘附层与所述调光膜片对接。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    所述遮光部与所述透光部的连接处和所述可视边沿部与所述防护层的拼接位置处之间的间距不低于3mm。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    所述调光膜片用于装配在安装主体上，所述调光膜片的至少一边沿部为安装边沿部，所述安装边沿部与所述防护层的拼接处能被所述安装主体遮挡。
  11. 一种车门总成，其中，包括权利要求1至10中任一项所述的调光玻璃，
    所述调光玻璃用于装配在车门主体上，两个所述玻璃板分别为外层玻璃板和内层玻璃板，所述外层玻璃板朝向车外设置，所述内层玻璃板朝向车内设置。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的车门总成，其中，
    所述外层玻璃板为钢化玻璃，所述内层玻璃板为化钢玻璃。
  13. 一种车辆，其中，包括权利要求1至10中任一项所述的调光玻璃。
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