WO2023284100A1 - 一种背接触太阳能电池串及制备方法、组件及系统 - Google Patents

一种背接触太阳能电池串及制备方法、组件及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023284100A1
WO2023284100A1 PCT/CN2021/117487 CN2021117487W WO2023284100A1 WO 2023284100 A1 WO2023284100 A1 WO 2023284100A1 CN 2021117487 W CN2021117487 W CN 2021117487W WO 2023284100 A1 WO2023284100 A1 WO 2023284100A1
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Prior art keywords
bus bar
positive electrode
negative electrode
insulating layer
electrode area
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PCT/CN2021/117487
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴伟
杨新强
陈刚
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浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司
珠海富山爱旭太阳能科技有限公司
天津爱旭太阳能科技有限公司
广东爱旭科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023284100A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023284100A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022441—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H01L31/0516—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module specially adapted for interconnection of back-contact solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
    • H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
    • H01L31/0201—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules comprising specially adapted module bus-bar structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0216—Coatings
    • H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
    • H01L31/02363—Special surface textures of the semiconductor body itself, e.g. textured active layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
    • H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
    • H01L31/0682—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells back-junction, i.e. rearside emitter, solar cells, e.g. interdigitated base-emitter regions back-junction cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular relates to a back-contact solar cell string, a preparation method, an assembly and a system.
  • a solar cell is a semiconductor device that converts light energy into electrical energy.
  • Lower production costs and higher energy conversion efficiency have always been the goals pursued by the solar cell industry.
  • the emitter contact electrode and the base contact electrode are respectively located on the front and back sides of the battery sheet.
  • the front of the battery is the light-receiving surface, and the coverage of the metal emitter contact electrode on the front will inevitably cause a part of the incident sunlight to be reflected and blocked by the metal electrode, resulting in a part of optical loss.
  • the coverage area of the front metal electrode of an ordinary crystalline silicon solar cell is about 7%, and reducing the front coverage of the metal electrode can directly improve the energy conversion efficiency of the cell.
  • the back-contact solar cell is a battery in which both the emitter and base contact electrodes are placed on the back of the battery (non-light-receiving surface).
  • the light-receiving surface of the battery is not blocked by any metal electrodes, thereby effectively increasing the short-circuit current of the battery sheet.
  • the back side can allow wider metal grid lines to reduce the series resistance and improve the fill factor; and this unobstructed front cell not only has high conversion efficiency, but also looks more beautiful, and at the same time, the assembly of the full back electrode is easier to assemble.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a back-contact solar battery string, which solves the problems of precise alignment and complicated process in the production of the existing battery string.
  • a back contact solar cell string comprising:
  • At least two battery sheets each of which includes alternately arranged positive electrode regions and negative electrode regions;
  • the first bus bar connecting two adjacent battery sheets is electrically connected to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area of the two adjacent battery sheets not covered with the insulating layer.
  • welding spots are provided on the positive electrode area and the negative electrode area of the battery sheet electrically connected to the first bus bar.
  • conductive glue or solder paste is provided at the connecting parts of the first bus bar and the positive electrode area and the negative electrode area in the battery sheet.
  • conductive glue or solder paste is provided on the first bus bar.
  • the first bus bar includes a main body, and respective extension parts extending from the main body and connected to the positive electrode region and the negative electrode region.
  • a reflective structure is provided on the main body.
  • the reflective structure is a rough textured structure, or a reflective layer coated on the main body or a laminated reflective film.
  • the reflective film is an aluminum film.
  • the reflective structure is located in the gap area between two adjacent battery sheets.
  • the insulating layer is insulating glue.
  • the first bus bar is a pressure-sensitive conductive tape or a soldering tape.
  • the battery string further includes a second bus bar located at the end of the solar battery string, the second bus bar is connected to the positive electrode of the battery sheet at the end that is not covered with the insulating layer region or the negative region is electrically connected.
  • the number of said welding spots is 2-20.
  • the present invention also provides a battery assembly, which includes the above-mentioned back-contact solar battery string.
  • the present invention also provides a photovoltaic system, which includes the above-mentioned battery assembly.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a back contact solar cell string, the method comprising:
  • Insulating layers are respectively arranged on each positive electrode area on one side of the battery sheet and each negative electrode area on the other side;
  • the first bus bar is connected to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered with the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets.
  • the step of connecting the first bus bar to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets includes:
  • the first bus bar is connected to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery pieces through conductive glue or solder paste.
  • the step of connecting the first bus bar to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets includes:
  • the step of connecting the first bus bar to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets includes:
  • the first bus bar is connected to the welding spots of the respective positive and negative electrode regions not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets.
  • the method also includes:
  • the second bus bar is connected to each positive electrode area or negative electrode area of the battery sheet at the end that is not covered with the insulating layer.
  • the positive electrode area or the negative electrode area that does not need to be electrically connected is insulated from the first bus bar through the insulating layer, while the positive electrode area or the negative electrode area that needs to be electrically connected is directly electrically connected to the first bus bar, which reduces the need for precise alignment during string fabrication.
  • the position requirements are simplified and the process is simplified, which solves the problems of precise alignment and complex process in the production of existing battery strings.
  • the light can be reflected back to the glass on the fabricated battery assembly, and then reflected to the adjacent battery sheet through the glass, so that the adjacent battery sheet can be irradiated to the first battery sheet.
  • the light on a bus bar is absorbed, so that the secondary reflection of the light irradiated on the battery assembly can be increased to increase the power.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-contact solar cell string provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-contact solar cell string provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-contact solar cell string provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-contact solar cell string provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-contact solar cell string provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram related to the first bus bar in a back-contact solar cell string provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a back-contact solar cell string according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • an insulating layer is used to cover the positive electrode area or the negative electrode area that does not need to be electrically connected on the battery sheet, and at the same time, the first bus bar can be directly connected to all the positive electrode areas and negative electrode areas on the battery sheet. It is set so that the positive electrode area or the negative electrode area that does not need to be electrically connected is insulated from the first bus bar through the insulating layer, and the positive electrode area or the negative electrode area that needs to be electrically connected is directly electrically connected to the first bus bar, which reduces the need for string fabrication.
  • the requirement of precise alignment and the simplification of the process solve the problems of precise alignment and complicated process in the production of existing battery strings.
  • the light can be reflected back to the glass on the fabricated battery assembly, and then reflected to the adjacent battery sheet through the glass, so that the adjacent battery sheet can be irradiated to the first battery sheet.
  • the light on a bus bar is absorbed, so that the secondary reflection of the light irradiated on the battery assembly can be increased to increase the power.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-contact solar cell string provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Strings include:
  • each battery sheet includes alternately arranged positive electrode regions 11 and negative electrode regions 12;
  • An insulating layer 13 covering each positive electrode region 11 on one side of the battery sheet and each negative electrode region 12 on the other side of the battery sheet;
  • the first bus bar 14 Connecting the first bus bar 14 of two adjacent battery sheets, the first bus bar 14 is electrically connected to each positive electrode region 11 and negative electrode region 12 not covered by the insulating layer 13 in the two adjacent battery sheets.
  • the back contact solar cell string is that at least two cells (i.e. back contact solar cells) are connected in series through each first bus bar 14 arranged between every two cells
  • a battery string is formed, and the battery string can include two battery slices connected in series, three battery slices or other numbers of battery slices, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5.
  • the result is a battery string composed of two battery slices connected in series.
  • it is enough to set a first bus bar 14 to connect two adjacent battery slices; as shown in FIG. 2 , in other embodiments of the present invention, it shows It is a battery string composed of three battery slices connected in series.
  • two first bus bars 14 need to be provided so that they are respectively connected to two adjacent battery slices.
  • the battery string can also be connected in series with other numbers of battery slices according to actual needs, and not all of them are shown in the drawings, which are arranged according to actual needs.
  • the battery slices located at both ends of the battery string are defined as end battery slices, and when the battery string is a series of multiple battery slices, the battery slices connected in series between the two end battery slices are defined as internal Cell.
  • the solar cell includes from top to bottom: front passivation and anti-reflection layer, silicon substrate, back tunneling layer, N-type doped regions and P-type doped regions arranged at intervals , the back passivation layer and the battery electrode; wherein the N-type doped regions and the P-type doped regions are alternately arranged on the lower surface of the back tunneling layer; the battery electrode includes positive and negative fine grid lines, and the positive fine grid
  • the positive electrode region 11 is formed by electrical connection between the wire and the P-type doped region
  • the negative electrode region 12 is formed by the electrical connection between the negative thin grid line and the N-type doped region.
  • the structure of the battery sheet can also be set to other, which is not limited here.
  • the P-type doped region is provided with a positive electrode fine grid line to form the positive electrode region 11
  • the N-type doped region is provided with the negative electrode fine grid line to form the negative electrode region 12.
  • its positive electrode region 11 and negative electrode region 12 are both arranged on the back of the battery sheet.
  • the positive electrode fine grid lines and the negative electrode fine grid lines when printing the positive electrode fine grid lines and the negative electrode fine grid lines, they can be arranged to extend to the end of the battery sheet, and there can also be a certain distance between the ends of the positive electrode fine grid lines and the negative electrode fine grid lines and the end of the battery sheet. distance.
  • FIG. 1 which is a rear view of a battery string, which includes a plurality of positive electrode regions 11 and negative electrode regions 12 arranged alternately.
  • Each of the positive electrode regions 11 and the negative electrode regions 12 are substantially parallel to the edge of the battery sheet and alternately arranged, each of the battery sheets is substantially rectangular, and the substantially rectangular battery sheet can be, for example, a square, or another battery sheet. It is a rectangle, and can have standard corners, cut corners or rounded corners, which are set according to actual production needs, and are not specifically limited here.
  • the number of positive electrode regions 11 and negative electrode regions 12 is determined according to the actual cell size, the width and distance between the positive electrode fine grid lines and the negative electrode fine grid lines, and is not specifically limited here.
  • each of the positive electrode regions 11 on one side of each battery sheet is covered with an insulating layer 13, and each of the positive electrode regions 11 on the other side
  • the negative electrode region 12 is covered with an insulating layer 13 .
  • each positive electrode region 11 on the left side of each battery sheet is coated with an insulating layer 13
  • each corresponding negative electrode region 12 on the right side of each battery sheet is also coated with an insulating layer 13 correspondingly.
  • this insulating layer 13 can be insulating glue, also can be a kind of non-conductive adhesive tape or insulating film, also can be other suitable non-conductive shielding cover or cover; 13 may comprise materials such as polypropylene or polyethylene or polyimide, and may also comprise an acrylic adhesive layer.
  • the shape of the insulating layer 13 can be circular, square, triangular or other shapes, which are used to achieve insulation between the covered positive electrode region 11 or negative electrode region 12 and the outside, and its shape and material can be determined according to actual conditions. It needs to be set according to the use, and the material and shape of the insulating layer 13 are not specifically limited here.
  • the preferred insulating layer 13 can be diffused from the end of the positive electrode region 11 or the negative electrode region 12 to be covered, and the insulating layer 13 can be coated and extended from the end of the positive electrode region 11 to the end of the battery sheet.
  • one of the regions (positive electrode region 11 or negative electrode region 12) on one side of the battery sheet is covered with insulating layer 13, and the other region is not covered with insulating layer 13, so that the region not covered with insulating layer 13 can be electrically connected to the outside. connection, the area covered by the insulating layer 13 is insulated from the outside.
  • each anode region 11 is insulated from the first bus bar 14 due to the setting of the insulating layer 13 at the left side of the end battery sheet on the right side, and each anode region 12 that does not cover the insulating layer 13 It is electrically connected to the first bus bar 14 , so that the positive region 11 of the end cell on the left is connected to the negative region 12 of the adjacent right end cell through the first bus bar 14 . It should be pointed out that at this time, the connection range of the first bus bar 14 when it is connected to two adjacent battery pieces does not exceed the coverage of the insulating layer 13, so that the first bus bar 14 and each positive electrode region 11 covering the insulating layer 13 Or the negative electrode region 12 is insulated.
  • the current at the negative electrode area 12 of the end battery sheet on the left side flows from the inside of the battery sheet to the adjacent positive electrode area 11, and the positive electrode area 11 is electrically connected to the first bus bar 14.
  • the bus bar 14 flows the current at the positive electrode area 11 of the end cell on the left to the negative electrode area 12 of the end cell on the right, and flows through the inside of the end cell on the right to the adjacent
  • the positive electrode region 11 is used to finally form a series connection of battery sheets.
  • each of the battery slices is also electrically connected through each of its first bus bars 14, so that each of the first bus bars 14 is connected to the corresponding adjacent two
  • Each positive electrode area 11 and negative electrode area 12 in the battery sheet are not covered with the insulating layer 13, and each first bus bar 14 is electrically connected to each positive electrode area 11 on the left side, and each negative electrode area 12 is electrically connected to the right side, thus realizing each battery.
  • the serial connection between the slices enables the current to flow from one battery slice to the next adjacent battery slice through the first bus bar 14 in sequence, and finally lead out the current.
  • each positive electrode region 11 and negative electrode region 12 that are not covered with the insulating layer 13 on each battery sheet can be directly electrically connected to the first bus bar 14.
  • the first bus bar Conductive glue or solder paste 15 is provided at the connection between a bus bar 14 and the positive electrode area 11 and the negative electrode area 12 in the battery sheet.
  • the insulating layer 13 is not directly covered on the battery sheet
  • Conductive glue or solder paste 15 is coated on each of the positive electrode area 11 and the negative electrode area 12 of the battery.
  • the first bus bar 14 can contact the conductive glue or solder paste 15 when it is connected to the battery sheet, so as to realize the required connection.
  • Each positive electrode area 11 and negative electrode area 12 are better electrically connected and physically connected, but at this time, due to the need to arrange conductive glue or solder paste 15 on each positive electrode area 11 and negative electrode area 12 that does not cover the insulating layer 13 in turn, so that the arrangement
  • the method is relatively cumbersome, and at the same time, it is necessary to have sufficient precision when applying the conductive glue or solder paste 15 to prevent the conductive glue or solder paste 15 from being applied to the positive electrode region 11 or the negative electrode region 12 of the adjacent covering insulating layer 13. Short circuit problem.
  • the first bus bar 14 As shown in Figure 6, another way is to coat the first bus bar 14 with conductive glue or solder paste 15, that is, the conductive glue or solder paste 15 is arranged on the first bus bar 14, at this time It is enough to control the range of the conductive glue or solder paste 15 provided on the first bus bar 14 not to exceed the range covered by the insulating layer 13, so when the conductive glue or solder paste 15 is set on the first bus bar 14, it can be directly continuous
  • the first bus bar 14 is arranged on the periphery of the entire first bus bar 14. At this time, when the first bus bar 14 is connected to the battery sheet, the first bus bar 14 can be connected to each positive electrode area not covered by the insulating layer 13 through conductive glue or solder paste 15.
  • each battery sheet is also provided with a main grid or a wire 16 connected to each positive electrode region 11 or negative electrode region 12 not covered by the insulating layer 13.
  • each positive electrode region 11 on one side of the battery sheet is covered with an insulating layer 13
  • each negative electrode region 12 that is not covered with the insulating layer 13 can be connected through a main grid or a wire 16, so that the current on each negative electrode region 12 can be shared.
  • the first bus bar 14 is electrically connected to each of the positive electrode regions 11 and negative electrode regions 12 not covered by the insulating layer 13 in two adjacent battery pieces, mainly by connecting to the main grid or the wire 16.
  • each positive electrode region 11 or negative electrode region 12 covered by the insulating layer 13 will not be connected to the first bus bar 14.
  • the first bus bar 14 is connected to the positive electrode region in the battery sheet. 11 and the connection portion of the negative electrode area 12 is provided with conductive glue or solder paste 15, which can specifically be coated with conductive glue or solder paste 15 on the main grid or wire 16, or can also be directly coated on the first bus bar 14 Cover with conductive glue or solder paste 15 . Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
  • each positive electrode region 11 with the same polarity can be set to be offset close to one side and each negative electrode region 12 can be set to be offset when the battery sheet is prepared.
  • each positive electrode region 11 on the left side of the battery sheet is coated with an insulating layer 13
  • each negative electrode region 12 on the right side is coated with an insulating layer 13.
  • each negative electrode region 12 is set close to the left side. side, while each anode region 11 is disposed closer to the right side.
  • the negative electrode region 12 on the left can protrude from the positive electrode region 11 coated with the insulating layer 13, so that the negative electrode regions 12 on the left side will not touch the positive electrode region 11 when they are connected by the main gate or the wire 16,
  • the anode region 11 is not only insulated from the outside by covering the insulating layer 13 , but also not in contact with the main grid or the wire 16 through the position offset setting.
  • each positive electrode region 11 and negative electrode region 12 can also be regularly and alternately arranged on the back of the battery sheet. 16.
  • solder joints 17 can also be set on the main grid or wire 16 on each battery sheet, that is, the battery
  • the positive electrode area 11 and the negative electrode area 12 electrically connected to the first bus bar 14 are provided with solder joints 17.
  • a plurality of solder joints 17 are set on the main grid or wire 16, so that the solder joints 17 can be better It is electrically and physically connected to the first bus bar 14 .
  • the number of its solder joints 17 is 2-20, that is to say, not all of the positive electrode regions 11 or negative electrode regions 12 electrically connected to the first bus bar 14 on the battery sheet are provided with solder joints 17, and it may be part of the positive electrode regions 11 Or the welding spot 17 is set on the negative electrode area 12 , while the remaining positive electrode area 11 or negative electrode area 12 is directly connected to the main grid or the wire 16 .
  • the first bus bar 14 is electrically connected to each positive electrode region 11 and negative electrode region 12 not covered by the insulating layer 13 in two adjacent battery pieces by connecting each solder joint 17 and main grid or wire 16 respectively.
  • each positive electrode region 11 or negative electrode region 12 covered by the insulating layer 13 will not be connected to the first bus bar 14.
  • Conductive glue or solder paste 15 is provided at the connecting part of the positive electrode region 11 and the negative electrode region 12, which can specifically be coated with conductive glue or solder paste 15 on the solder joint 17, or can also be directly on the first bus bar 14. Conductive glue or solder paste 15 is applied on top.
  • the first bus bar 14 is a pressure-sensitive conductive tape or soldering tape
  • the first bus bar 14 includes a main body 141, and a positive electrode region 11 and a negative electrode extending from the main body 141.
  • each extension 142 is only connected to each positive electrode region 11 or negative electrode region 12 not covered by the insulating layer 13 in the battery sheet, and will not be connected to the adjacent negative electrode region 12 or positive electrode region 11 covered by the insulating layer 13, so that
  • the physical disconnection between the first bus bar 14 and the negative electrode region 12 or the positive electrode region 11 covering the insulating layer 13 can also be realized on the basis of the insulating layer 13, so as to prevent the insulating layer 13 from not completely covering the negative electrode region 12 or the positive electrode region 11.
  • the problem of short circuit generated when connecting with the first bus bar 14 Certainly optional, as shown in FIG.
  • each of its extension parts can also be extended and integrated into one body, that is, its first bus bar 14 can be a main body and two extension parts extending from both ends of the main body.
  • the parts are connected to the corresponding positive electrode regions 11 or negative electrode regions 12 that are not covered with the insulating layer.
  • the respective positive electrode regions 11 or negative electrode regions 12 covered by the insulating layer 13 will not be connected with the first bus bar. 14 connected.
  • the main body 141 is provided with a reflective structure 143 , and the reflective structure 143 is located in the gap area between two adjacent battery sheets.
  • a reflective structure 143 is provided, and the reflective structure 143 is located in the gap area between two adjacent battery sheets, so that when the first bus bar 14 is connected to two adjacent battery sheets, the extension parts 142 at both ends of the main body 141 are in contact with the adjacent two battery sheets.
  • Each positive electrode area 11 and negative electrode area 12 in the battery sheet not covered by the insulating layer 13 are electrically connected, and the reflective structure 143 on the main body 141 is accommodated in the gap area between two adjacent battery sheets, so that the battery assembly can Among them, when the light passes through the glass on the battery assembly and reaches the first bus bar 14, the light can be reflected back to the glass by passing through the reflective structure 143, and then reflected to the adjacent battery sheet through the glass, so that the adjacent The battery sheet can absorb the light irradiated on the first bus bar 14 , so that the secondary reflection of the light irradiated on the battery assembly can be increased to increase the power.
  • the reflective structure 143 is a rough textured structure, or a reflective layer coated on the main body 141 or a laminated reflective film.
  • the reflective film is an aluminum film, a glass bead type reflective film or a microprism type reflective film.
  • the rough texture structure includes but not limited to mechanically polished surface, random pyramid shape, inverted pyramid shape, spherical crown shape, V-groove shape, and structures between the above structures.
  • the reflective layer and the reflective film are retroreflective materials that can achieve reflective effects, which are set according to actual needs, and are not specifically limited here.
  • the battery string further includes a second bus bar 18 located at the end of the solar battery string, and the second bus bar 18 is connected to the part of the battery sheet at the end that is not covered with the insulating layer 13.
  • the positive electrode region 11 and the negative electrode region 12 are electrically connected.
  • the current guided in the area 11 and the negative electrode area 12 is connected in series to the two second bus bars 18 at the ends through each first bus bar 14 .
  • the second bus bar 18 can be electrically connected to each positive electrode region 11 or negative electrode region 12 that is not covered with the insulating layer 13 through a wire, and of course it can also be connected with the above-mentioned first bus bar 14 after setting the conductive glue or solder paste 15. It is directly connected to the battery sheet, so that the electrical connection between the second bus bar 18 and the positive electrode area 11 and the negative electrode area 12 not covered with the insulating layer 13 in the battery sheet at the end is formed. The electrical connection of the adjacent cells is described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the positive electrode region or the negative electrode area that does not need to be electrically connected on the battery sheet with an insulating layer, and at the same time, by using the first bus bar, it can be directly connected to all the positive electrode areas and negative electrode areas on the battery sheet. Due to the setting of the insulating layer, the positive electrode region or the negative electrode region that does not need to be electrically connected is insulated from the first bus bar through the insulating layer, and the positive electrode region or the negative electrode region that needs to be electrically connected is directly electrically connected to the first bus bar, which reduces the The requirements for precise alignment and the simplification of the process during the production of the battery string solve the problems of the need for precise alignment and the complicated process during the production of the existing battery string.
  • the light can be reflected back to the glass on the fabricated battery assembly, and then reflected to the adjacent battery sheet through the glass, so that the adjacent battery sheet can be irradiated to the first battery sheet.
  • the light on a bus bar is absorbed, so that the secondary reflection of the light irradiated on the battery assembly can be increased to increase the power.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a back-contact solar cell string provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method includes:
  • Step S11 respectively setting insulating layers on each positive electrode area on one side of the battery sheet and each negative electrode area on the other side of the battery sheet;
  • a positive electrode region and a negative electrode region are arranged at intervals on the back of the battery sheet, wherein the positive electrode region includes a P-type doped region and is arranged on a P-type doped region.
  • the cathode region of the positive fine grid line on the doped region includes an N-type doped region and the negative fine grid line arranged on the N-type doped region.
  • each negative electrode area is required on the right side of one of the battery sheets When electrically connected to the outside, an insulating layer is coated on each positive electrode area on the right side of the battery sheet.
  • the insulating layer can be insulating materials such as polypropylene or polyethylene or polyimide.
  • the process of coating the insulating layer can be done by printing process to ensure the precision and quality of the coating.
  • the shape of the coated insulating layer can be circular, square, triangular or other shapes, which are used to achieve insulation between the covered positive electrode region or negative electrode region and the outside, and are not specifically limited here.
  • Step S21 connecting the first bus bar to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets; wherein, in one embodiment of the present invention, each positive electrode area and negative electrode area on one side of the battery sheet After the insulating layer is respectively set on each negative electrode area on the other side, it connects each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in the adjacent two battery sheets through the first bus bar, so that the adjacent two batteries pass through the first bus bar.
  • the bus bars are electrically connected to realize series connection.
  • the above-mentioned step of connecting the first bus bar to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets can be achieved in the following manner:
  • Method 1 Install conductive glue or solder paste on each positive electrode area and negative electrode area of the battery sheet that is not covered by the insulating layer;
  • the first bus bar is connected to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery pieces through conductive glue or solder paste.
  • the first bus bar is connected to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery pieces through conductive glue or solder paste.
  • the first method it is specifically to apply conductive glue or solder paste on each positive electrode area and negative electrode area of the battery sheet that is not covered with an insulating layer in sequence, and then connect the first bus bar to two adjacent battery sheets.
  • heat welding such as hot melt welding, laser welding, infrared welding or electromagnetic welding, the conductive adhesive or solder paste is melted and then solidified, so that the first bus bar and each positive electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in the adjacent two battery sheets and the negative electrode area for electrical and physical connection.
  • mode 2 it is roughly the same as the above-mentioned mode, the difference is that it directly sets the conductive glue or solder paste on the first bus bar, and at this time, the range of the conductive glue or solder paste set on the first bus bar is controlled to be different. Just beyond the range covered by the insulation layer.
  • conductive glue or solder paste needs to be placed on each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in turn, which makes the layout method more cumbersome. At the same time, sufficient precision is required when applying conductive glue or solder paste. To avoid the problem of short circuit caused by the application of conductive glue or solder paste to the positive electrode area or the negative electrode area adjacent to the covering insulating layer.
  • the second method only conductive glue or solder paste is needed on the first bus bar, which makes the process more convenient and faster. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to adopt the second method to connect the first bus bar to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets.
  • the above step of connecting the first bus bar to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets further includes:
  • connection method can be implemented in the second method described above.
  • the above step of connecting the first bus bar to each positive electrode area and negative electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets further includes:
  • the first bus bar is connected to the welding points of the positive electrode regions and the negative electrode regions not covered by the insulating layer in the two adjacent battery sheets.
  • solder joints can also be set on the main grid or wires on each battery sheet, and at this time the first bus bar is connected to each solder joint, so as to realize the connection between the first bus bar and each positive electrode area not covered by the insulating layer in two adjacent battery sheets. and the negative area connection.
  • the connection method can be implemented in the second method described above.
  • Step S31 connecting the second bus bar to each positive electrode area or negative electrode area of the battery sheet at the end that is not covered with an insulating layer;
  • the third embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery assembly, which includes the back-contact solar cell string described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the assembly process of the battery assembly includes the following:
  • Battery sorting Due to the strong randomness of the solar cell production line, the performance of the produced cells is not the same. In order to effectively combine cells with the same or similar performance, it should be based on the results measured by the battery test. The performance parameters are classified to improve the utilization rate of cells and make qualified cell components. Battery testing is to test the output parameters (current and voltage) of the battery.
  • each battery sheet is prepared according to the preparation method described in the foregoing method embodiment, so that it is connected in series to form the battery string described in the foregoing device embodiment.
  • Component lamination Put the stacked cells into the laminator, vacuum out the air in the component, then heat to melt the EVA to bond the battery, glass and back plate together, and finally cool down and take out the component .
  • Frame Install an aluminum frame on the components to increase the strength of the components to further seal the battery components and prolong the service life of the battery.
  • the gap between the frames and the glass components is filled with silicone resin, and the frames are connected with angle keys.
  • Bonding junction box Bond a box at the lead wire on the back of the component to facilitate the connection between the battery and other devices or batteries.
  • Component testing test and calibrate the output power of the battery, test its output characteristics, and determine the quality level of the component.
  • High voltage test Apply a certain voltage between the component frame and the electrode lead to test the withstand voltage and insulation strength of the component to ensure that the component will not be damaged under harsh natural conditions (such as lightning strikes, etc.).
  • the fourth embodiment of the present invention also provides a photovoltaic system, including the battery assembly as described in the foregoing embodiments.

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Abstract

本发明适用于太阳能电池技术领域，提供了一种背接触太阳能电池串及制备方法、组件及系统，背接触太阳能电池串包括：至少两个电池片，各个电池片均包括交替布置的正极区域和负极区域；覆盖在电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域及其中另一侧的各个负极区域的绝缘层；及连接相邻两电池片的第一汇流条，第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域和负极区域电连接。本发明提供的背接触太阳能电池串，解决了现有电池串制作时需要精准对位及工艺复杂的问题。

Description

一种背接触太阳能电池串及制备方法、组件及系统 技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种背接触太阳能电池串及制备方法、组件及系统。
背景技术
太阳能电池是一种将光能转化为电能的半导体器件，较低的生产成本和较高的能量转化效率一直是太阳能电池工业追求的目标。对于目前常规太阳能电池，其发射极接触电极和基极接触电极分别位于电池片的正反两面。电池的正面为受光面，正面金属发射极接触电极的覆盖必将导致一部分入射的太阳光被金属电极所反射遮挡，造成一部分光学损失。普通晶硅太阳能电池的正面金属电极的覆盖面积在7％左右，减少金属电极的正面覆盖可以直接提高电池的能量转化效率。背接触太阳能电池是一种将发射极和基极接触电极均放置在电池背面(非受光面)的电池，该电池的受光面无任何金属电极遮挡，从而有效增加了电池片的短路电流，同时背面可以容许较宽的金属栅线来降低串联电阻从而提高填充因子；并且这种正面无遮挡的电池不仅转换效率高，而且看上去更美观，同时，全背电极的组件更易于装配。
现有背接触太阳能电池串接成电池串后经其他工序制作成电池组件，然而在将背接触太阳能电池串接成电池串的过程中，由于发射极和基极接触电极的根数较多、线宽较窄，使得相邻电池片之间的对准焊接非常困难，其中发射极与基极接触电极在对准焊接的过程中相连接时，则会导致电池片的电流，因此其焊接时需要精确对位，且工艺要求也比较复杂。
技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种背接触太阳能电池串，解决现有电池串制作时需要精准对位及工艺复杂的问题。
技术解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种背接触太阳能电池串，包括：
至少两个电池片，各个所述电池片均包括交替布置的正极区域和负极区域；
覆盖在所述电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域及其中另一侧的各个负极区域的绝缘层；及
连接相邻两电池片的第一汇流条，所述第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域和负极区域电连接。
作为上述方案的改进，所述电池片中与所述第一汇流条电连接的正极区域及负极区域上设有焊点。
作为上述方案的改进，所述第一汇流条与电池片中的正极区域及负极区域的连接部位设有导电胶或锡膏。
作为上述方案的改进，所述第一汇流条上设有导电胶或锡膏。
作为上述方案的改进，所述第一汇流条包括主体部、及由所述主体部延伸出的与所述正极区域及负极区域连接的各个延伸部。
作为上述方案的改进，所述主体部上设有反射结构。
作为上述方案的改进，所述反射结构为粗糙纹理结构、或在所述主体部上涂布的反光层或贴合的反光膜。
作为上述方案的改进，所述反光膜为铝膜。
作为上述方案的改进，所述反射结构位于相邻两电池片之间的空隙区域。
作为上述方案的改进，所述绝缘层为绝缘胶。
作为上述方案的改进，所述第一汇流条为压敏导电胶带或焊带。
作为上述方案的改进，所述电池串还包括位于所述太阳能电池串的端部处的第二汇流条，所述第二汇流条与位于端部的电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的正极区域或负极区域电连接。
作为上述方案的改进，所述焊点数量为2-20个。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种电池组件，所述电池组件包括如上述所述的背接触太阳能电池串。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种光伏系统，所述光伏系统包括如上述所述的电池组件。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种背接触太阳能电池串制备方法，所述方法包括：
在电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域及其中另一侧的各个负极区域上分别设置绝缘层；
将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接。
作为上述方案的改进，所述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接的步骤包括：
在第一汇流条上设置导电胶或锡膏；
通过导电胶或锡膏将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接。
作为上述方案的改进，所述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接步骤包括：
在电池片上设置与未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域连接的主栅或导线；
将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中的主栅或导线连接。
作为上述方案的改进，所述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接步骤包括：
在电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域设置焊点；
将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域的焊点连接。作为上述方案的改进，所述方法还包括：
将第二汇流条与位于端部处的电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域连接。
有益效果
实施本发明，具有如下有益效果：
通过在电池片上对不需进行电连接的正极区域或负极区域采用绝缘层进行覆盖，同时通过采用第一汇流条可直接与电池片上所有的正极区域及负极区域连接，而由于绝缘层的设置使得不需电连接的正极区域或负极区域通过绝缘层而与第一汇流条实现绝缘，而需要电连接的正极区域或负极区域与第一汇流条直接电连接，使得降低了串制作时需要精准对位的要求以及简化了工艺，解决了现有电池串制作时需要精准对位及工艺复杂的问题。同时通过在第一汇流条上设置反射结构，使得光可反射回所制作好的电池组件上的玻璃中，然后再经玻璃反射至所相邻电池片上，使得相邻电池片可对照射至第一汇流条上的光进行吸收，从而可增加照射至电池组件上的光的二次反射利用使得提升功率。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串的结构示意图；
图2是本发明另一实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串的结构示意图；
图3是本发明又一实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串的结构示意图；
图4是本发明再一实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串的结构示意图；
图5是本发明再一实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串的结构示意图；
图6是本发明一实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串中与第一汇流条相关的结构示意图；
图7是本发明另一实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串制备方法的流程图。
本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本发明通过在电池片上对不需进行电连接的正极区域或负极区域采用绝缘层进行覆盖，同时通过采用第一汇流条可直接与电池片上所有的正极区域及负极区域连接，而由于绝缘层的设置使得不需电连接的正极区域或负极区域通过绝缘层而与第一汇流条实现绝缘，而需要电连接的正极区域或负极区域与第一汇流条直接电连接，使得降低了串制作时需要精准对位的要求以及简化了工艺，解决了现有电池串制作时需要精准对位及工艺复杂的问题。同时通过在第一汇流条上设置反射结构，使得光可反射回所制作好的电池组件上的玻璃中，然后再经玻璃反射至所相邻电池片上，使得相邻电池片可对照射至第一汇流条上的光进行吸收，从而可增加照射至电池组件上的光的二次反射利用使得提升功率。
实施例一
请参阅图1，是本发明实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串的结构示意图，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分，本发明实施例提供的背接触太阳能电池串包括：
至少两个电池片，各个电池片均包括交替布置的正极区域11和负极区域12；
覆盖在电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域11及其中另一侧的各个负极区域12的绝缘层13；及
连接相邻两电池片的第一汇流条14，第一汇流条14与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11和负极区域12电连接。
其中，在本发明的一个实施例中，该背接触太阳能电池串为至少两个电池片(即背接触太阳能电池)通过设置于每两电池片之间的各个第一汇流条14串接在一起所形成的一个电池串，其电池串可包括串接的两个电池片，三个电池片或其他个数的电池片，参照图1、图3、图4、及图5所示，其示出的为两个电池片串接组成的电池串，此时设置一个第一汇流条14连接相邻两电池片即可；参照图2所示，在本发明的其他实施例中，其示出的为三个电池片串接组成的电池串，此时需设置两个第一汇流条14使得其各自分别连接其所相邻的两电池片。可以理解的，其电池串还可根据实际使用需要串接其他个数的电池片，在此附图并未全部示出，其根据实际需要进行布置。其中位于电池串两个端部的电池片定义为端部电池片，而在电池串为串接的多个电池片时，其串接在两个端部电池片之间的电池片定义为内部电池片。
其中作为本发明的其中一个示例，该电池片自上而下依次包括：正面钝化及减反射层、硅衬底、背面隧穿层、间隔设置的N型掺杂区和P型掺杂区、背面钝化层及电池电极；其中N型掺杂区和P型掺杂区交替设置在背面隧穿层的下表面；电池电极包括正极细栅线和负极细栅线，且其正极细栅线与P型掺杂区之间进行电连接而构成正极区域11，负极细栅线与N型掺杂区之间进行电连接而构成负极区域12。可以理解的，在本发明的其他实施例中，其 电池片的结构还可以设置为其他，在此不做限定。但需要指出的是，任何类型结构的电池片中其均设置为在P型掺杂区设有正极细栅线形成正极区域11，在N型掺杂区设有负极细栅线形成负极区域12，且其正极区域11及负极区域12均设置在电池片的背面。其中，在印刷正极细栅线和负极细栅线时，其可布置延伸至电池片的端部，也可布置正极细栅线和负极细栅线的末端与电池片的端部之间存在一定的距离。
进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1所示，其为电池串背面视图，其包括交替布置的多个正极区域11和负极区域12。其各个正极区域11和负极区域12均基本平行于电池片的边缘且交替设置，其各个电池片均实质上为矩形，其中实质上为矩形的电池片可以是，例如正方形，也可以是另一种长方形，且可有标准拐角、切割的拐角或修圆的拐角，其根据实际生产需要进行设置，在此不做具体限定。同时其正极区域11和负极区域12的数量根据实际的电池片大小、正极细栅线与负极细栅线的宽度及距离进行确定，在此不做具体限定。
进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1至图5所示，其每个电池片的其中一侧的各个正极区域11上均覆盖有绝缘层13，且其中另一侧的各个负极区域12上均覆盖有绝缘层13。其具体例如在各个电池片中左侧处的各个正极区域11上涂覆有绝缘层13时，则相应的各个电池片中右侧处的各个负极区域12上也相应涂覆有绝缘层13。其中，在本发明的一个实施例中，该绝缘层13可以为绝缘胶，也可以是一种不导电的胶带或绝缘膜，还可以是其他适当的不导电屏蔽罩或盖；同时其绝缘层13可包含聚丙烯或聚乙烯或聚酰亚胺等材料，且还可包含一种丙烯酸类黏结层。同时，该绝缘层13的形状可为圆形、方形、三角形或其他形状，其用于实现所覆盖的正极区域11或负极区域12与外部之间实现绝缘即可，其形状及材料可根据实际使用需要进行设置，在此不对绝缘层13的材料及形状做具体限定。其中优选的绝缘层13可由所需覆盖的正极区域11或负极区域12的末端为中心向外进行扩散设置，且绝缘层13可由正极区域11末端涂覆延伸至电池片的端部。此时其电池片一侧的其中一区域(正极区域11或负极区域12)覆盖有绝缘层13，另一区域不覆盖绝缘层13，而使得不覆盖绝缘层13的区域可与外部之间电连接，覆盖绝缘层13的区域与外部之间相绝缘。
其中，需要指出的是，为实现各个电池片之间的串接，其具体为从一电池片的其中一极性通过第一汇流条14连接至下一相邻电池片的另一极性，使得形成各个电池片的互联，因此本实施例通过第一汇流条14进行各个电池片的串接时，其第一汇流条14与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11和负极区域12电连接，也即例如两个电池片均设置为在左侧处的各个正极区域11上覆盖绝缘层13以及在右侧处的各个负极区域12上覆盖绝缘层13时，此时位于左侧的端部电池片中右侧处由于绝缘层13的设置而使得各个负极区域12与第一汇流条14相绝缘，而未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11与第一汇流条14电连接；相应的，位于右侧的端部电池片中左侧处由于绝缘层13的设置而使得各个正极区域11与第一汇流条14相绝缘，而未覆盖绝缘层13的各个负极区域12与第一汇流条14电连接，使得其位于左侧的端部电池片的正极区域11通过第一汇流条14连接至相邻位于右侧的端部电池片的负极区域12。需要指出的是，此时第一汇流条14与相邻两电池片相连接时的连接范围不超出绝缘层13的覆盖范围，而使得第一汇流条14与覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11或负极区域12相绝缘。此时其位于左侧的端部电池片的负极区域12处的电流由其电池片内部流至相邻的正极区域11，其正极区域11与第一汇流条14电连接，此时通过第一汇流条14将位于左侧的端部电池片的正极区域11处的电流流至位于右侧的端部电池片的负极区域12，并经位于右侧的端部电池片内部流至相邻的正极区域11，使得最终形成电池片的串接。
可以理解的，当电池片为3个或其他个数时，其各个电池片也相应的通过其各个第一汇流条14进行电连接，使得各个第一汇流条14分别连接所对应的相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11和负极区域12，而各个第一汇流条14均左侧与各个正极区域11电连接，右侧与各个负极区域12电连接，因而实现各个电池片之间的串接，使得电流可依次通过第 一汇流条14从一电池片中流向相邻下一电池片中，并最终导出电流。
进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图3所示，其各个电池片上未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11及负极区域12可直接与第一汇流条14电连接，此时第一汇流条14与电池片中的正极区域11及负极区域12的连接部位设有导电胶或锡膏15，其中可选的布置方式中，其中一种方式为直接在电池片上未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11及负极区域12上涂覆设有导电胶或锡膏15，此时第一汇流条14与电池片连接时可接触到导电胶或锡膏15，从而实现与所需连接的各个正极区域11及负极区域12更好的电连接及物理连接，但是此时由于需要依次在未覆盖绝缘层13的每个正极区域11及负极区域12上设置导电胶或锡膏15，使得布置的方式较为繁琐，同时还需要涂覆导电胶或锡膏15时具有足够的精准度以避免导电胶或锡膏15涂覆至相邻覆盖绝缘层13的正极区域11或负极区域12上而产生短路的问题。而如图6所示，其中另一种方式为在第一汇流条14上涂覆设有导电胶或锡膏15，也即导电胶或锡膏15设置在第一汇流条14上，此时控制第一汇流条14上设置的导电胶或锡膏15的范围不超出绝缘层13所覆盖的范围即可，因此在第一汇流条14上设置导电胶或锡膏15时，可以直接连续一体的布置在整个第一汇流条14的外围，此时第一汇流条14与电池片进行连接时，其第一汇流条14可通过导电胶或锡膏15与未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11或负极区域12更好进行电连接，而由于绝缘层13的设置，使得即使第一汇流条14上设置的导电胶或锡膏15覆盖在绝缘层13上也不会实现与绝缘层13所覆盖的负极区域12或正极区域11进行电连接，此时绝缘层13所覆盖的负极区域12或正极区域11上依次覆盖有绝缘层13、导电胶或锡膏15、及第一汇流条14，因此在第一汇流条14上涂覆设置导电胶或锡膏15的方式可实现便捷快速的工艺操作。
进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图4所示，其各个电池片上还设有与未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11或负极区域12连接的主栅或导线16，其具体例如，电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域11覆盖有绝缘层13时，则其中未覆盖绝缘层13的各个负极区域12可通过主栅或导线16连接，使得将各个负极区域12上的电流汇流至主栅或导线16上。此时相应的，其第一汇流条14与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11和负极区域12电连接的方式为主要通过与主栅或导线16连接，此时由于绝缘层13的作用而使得绝缘层13覆盖的各个正极区域11或负极区域12不会与第一汇流条14相连，相应的参照上述所述，其第一汇流条14与电池片中的正极区域11及负极区域12的连接部位设有导电胶或锡膏15，其具体可以为主栅或导线16上涂覆设置导电胶或锡膏15，或者还可以为直接在第一汇流条14上涂覆设置导电胶或锡膏15。进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1所示，其在电池片制备时可将极性相同的各个正极区域11均设置偏移靠近一侧而各个负极区域12均设置偏移靠近另一侧，例如电池片中左侧的各个正极区域11上涂覆有绝缘层13，右侧的各个负极区域12上涂覆有绝缘层13，此时则各个负极区域12均设置靠近左侧，而各个正极区域11设置靠近右侧。因此可以使得左侧的负极区域12可伸出于其涂覆有绝缘层13的正极区域11，因此其左侧的各个负极区域12通过主栅或导线16连接时不会接触到正极区域11，使得其正极区域11既通过覆盖绝缘层13而实现与外部绝缘，又通过位置偏移的设置而不会与主栅或导线16触碰。当然在本发明的其他实施例中，其也可以各个正极区域11及负极区域12均规律的交替布置在电池片的背面，此时则需要先涂覆绝缘层13，然后再设置主栅或导线16。
进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1、图2、及图5所示，其各个电池片上还可在主栅或导线16上设置焊点17(焊盘)，也即电池片与第一汇流条14电连接的正极区域11及负极区域12上设有焊点17，此时在主栅或导线16上设置多个焊点17，而使得通过焊点17可以更好的与第一汇流条14进行电连接以及物理连接。其中，其焊点17的数量为2-20个，也即其电池片上与第一汇流条14电连接的各个正极区域11或负极区域12并非全部设 置有焊点17，其可以部分正极区域11或负极区域12上设置焊点17，而其余正极区域11或负极区域12则直接与主栅或导线16连接。此时相应的，其第一汇流条14与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11和负极区域12电连接的方式为分别通过各个焊点17以及主栅或导线16连接，此时由于绝缘层13的作用而使得绝缘层13覆盖的各个正极区域11或负极区域12不会与第一汇流条14相连，相应的参照上述所述，其第一汇流条14与电池片中的正极区域11及负极区域12的连接部位设有导电胶或锡膏15，其具体可以为焊点17上涂覆设置导电胶或锡膏15，或者还可以为直接在第一汇流条14上涂覆设置导电胶或锡膏15。
进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，第一汇流条14为压敏导电胶带或焊带，第一汇流条14包括主体部141、及由主体部141延伸出的与正极区域11及负极区域12连接的各个延伸部142，其中优选的，如图1所示，其各个延伸部142由主体部141延伸出而呈现指状或梳状，此时相应的，其各个焊点17进行交错设置，以使其中一电池片所需电连接的正极区域11上设置的焊点17与相邻电池片所需电连接的负极区域12上设置的焊点17相对应，以便于第一汇流条14与各个焊点17相对应连接。此时由于各个延伸部142仅与电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11或负极区域12连接，而不会与相邻的覆盖绝缘层13的负极区域12或正极区域11连接，使得可以在绝缘层13的基础还可实现第一汇流条14与覆盖绝缘层13的负极区域12或正极区域11之间的物理不相连，避免绝缘层13未完全覆盖负极区域12或正极区域11而与第一汇流条14连接时所产生短路的问题。当然可选的，如图5所示，其各个延伸部也可延伸融合成一体，也即其第一汇流条14可以为主体部及由主体部两端延伸出的两个延伸部，其中延伸部与所对应的未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域11或负极区域12连接，此时通过绝缘层13的作用而使得绝缘层13覆盖的各个正极区域11或负极区域12不会与第一汇流条14相连。
进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图6所示，主体部141上设有反射结构143，且反射结构143位于相邻两电池片之间的空隙区域。具体的，由于在将各个电池片组成电池组件时，其相邻两电池片之间不会完全紧密的贴合在一起而存在一定的空隙区域，在本实施例中，通过在主体部141上设置反射结构143，且反射结构143位于相邻两电池片之间的空隙区域，使得其第一汇流条14与相邻两电池片连接时，其主体部141两端的延伸部142与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11和负极区域12电连接，而主体部141上的反射结构143容置于相邻两电池片之间的空隙区域中，使得其电池组件使用过程中，其光透过电池组件上的玻璃到达第一汇流条14时，由于通过设置的反射结构143，而使得光可反射回玻璃，然后再经玻璃反射至所相邻电池片上，使得相邻电池片可对照射至第一汇流条14上的光进行吸收，从而可增加照射至电池组件上的光的二次反射利用使得提升功率。
具体的，该反射结构143为粗糙纹理结构、或在主体部141上涂布的反光层或贴合的反光膜。其中该反光膜为铝膜、玻璃珠型反光膜或微棱镜型反光膜。其中该粗糙纹理结构包括但不限于机械抛光面、随机金字塔状、倒金字塔状、球冠状、V型槽状、及介于上述结构之间的结构。其反光层及反光膜为可实现反射效果的逆反射材料，其根据实际使用需要进行设置，在此不做具体限定。
进一步的，在本发明的一个实施例中，电池串还包括位于太阳能电池串的端部处的第二汇流条18，第二汇流条18与位于端部的电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的正极区域11及负极区域12电连接。具体的，其第二汇流条18的数量为两个，其分别位于两个端部电池片的两端，其用于作为该整个电池串的两个电极，也即各个电池片中的各个正极区域11及负极区域12中所引导的电流经各个第一汇流条14串联汇流至端部的两个第二汇流条18中。其中其第二汇流条18可以通过导线与未覆盖绝缘层13的各个正极区域11或负极区域12电连接，当然也还可以与上述第一汇流条14所述的设置导电胶或锡膏15后直接与电池片连接，而使得形 成第二汇流条18与位于端部的电池片中未覆盖绝缘层13的正极区域11及负极区域12的电连接，其具体参照上述第一汇流条14与相邻电池片电连接所述，在此不予赘述。
本发明实施例中，通过在电池片上对不需进行电连接的正极区域或负极区域采用绝缘层进行覆盖，同时通过采用第一汇流条可直接与电池片上所有的正极区域及负极区域连接，而由于绝缘层的设置使得不需电连接的正极区域或负极区域通过绝缘层而与第一汇流条实现绝缘，而需要电连接的正极区域或负极区域与第一汇流条直接电连接，使得降低了串制作时需要精准对位的要求以及简化了工艺，解决了现有电池串制作时需要精准对位及工艺复杂的问题。同时通过在第一汇流条上设置反射结构，使得光可反射回所制作好的电池组件上的玻璃中，然后再经玻璃反射至所相邻电池片上，使得相邻电池片可对照射至第一汇流条上的光进行吸收，从而可增加照射至电池组件上的光的二次反射利用使得提升功率。
实施例二
请参阅图7，是本发明第二实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串制备方法的流程示意图，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分，该制备方法用于制备如前述实施例所述的背接触太阳能电池串，具体的，该方法包括：
步骤S11，在电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域及其中另一侧的各个负极区域上分别设置绝缘层；
其中，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1至图5所示，其电池片的背面上所间隔设置有正极区域及负极区域，其中正极区域包括P型掺杂区及设置在P型掺杂区上的正极细栅线，其负极区域包括N型掺杂区及设置在N型掺杂区上的负极细栅线。其中由于实现各个电池片之间的串接，需要将其中一电池片上的其中一极性与相邻电池片上的另一极性实现电连接，因此为避免连接过程中电池片上正极区域与负极区域相连而产生短路的问题，其主要通过在电池片上设置绝缘层，从而使得不需要电连接的正极区域或负极区域与外部相绝缘，具体的，如其中一电池片的右侧中需要各个负极区域与外部进行电连接时，则其在电池片的右侧中的各个正极区域上均涂覆绝缘层，具体的，该绝缘层可以为聚丙烯或聚乙烯或聚酰亚胺等绝缘材料，其涂覆绝缘层的工艺可以通过印刷工艺完成，以确保涂覆的精度和质量。当然所涂覆的绝缘层的形状可为圆形、方形、三角形或其他形状，其用于实现所覆盖的正极区域或负极区域与外部之间实现绝缘即可，在此不做具体限定。
步骤S21，将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接；其中，在本发明的一个实施例中，在电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域及其中另一侧的各个负极区域上分别设置完绝缘层之后，其通过第一汇流条连接相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域，以使得相邻两电池通过第一汇流条进行电连接而实现串接。
具体的，上述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接的步骤可通过以下方式实现：
方式一、在电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域分别设置导电胶或锡膏；
通过导电胶或锡膏将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接。
方式二、在第一汇流条上设置导电胶或锡膏；
通过导电胶或锡膏将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接。
其中，在方式一中，其具体为在电池片上未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域上依次分别涂覆导电胶或锡膏，然后第一汇流条与相邻两电池片连接，此时通过热熔焊接、激光焊接、红外焊接或电磁焊接等加热焊接方式使得将导电胶或锡膏熔融后再固化而使得将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域进行电连接及物理连接。而在方式二中，其与所述方式一大抵相同，区别在于其直接在第一汇流条上设置导电胶或锡膏， 此时控制第一汇流条上设置的导电胶或锡膏的范围不超出绝缘层所覆盖的范围即可。
其方式一中由于需要依次在未覆盖绝缘层的每个正极区域及负极区域上设置导电胶或锡膏，使得布置的方式较为繁琐，同时还需要涂覆导电胶或锡膏时具有足够的精准度以避免导电胶或锡膏涂覆至相邻覆盖绝缘层的正极区域或负极区域上而产生短路的问题。而方式二中仅需在第一汇流条上设置的导电胶或锡膏即可，使得工艺流程更加便捷快速。因此本发明实施例中优选采用方式二进行第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接。
更进一步的，上述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接的步骤还包括：
在电池片上设置与未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域连接的主栅或导线；
将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中的主栅或导线连接。
其中，通过在未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域上设置可进行汇流的主栅或导线，使得可将未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域上的电流汇流至主栅或导线上，然后通过第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中的主栅或导线连接，此时由于绝缘层的作用而使得绝缘层覆盖的正极区域或负极区域不会与第一汇流条相连，从而实现相邻电池片的串接。具体的，其连接方式可采用上述方式二所述进行实现。
更进一步的，上述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接的步骤还包括：
在电池片未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域设置焊点；
将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域的焊点连接。
其中，各个电池片上还可在主栅或导线上设置焊点，此时第一汇流条与各个焊点连接，从而实现第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接。具体的，其连接方式可采用上述方式二所述进行实现。
步骤S31，将第二汇流条与位于端部处的电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域连接；
其中，通过将电池串的端部电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域与第二汇流条连接，实现将各个电池片上收集的电流最终汇流至第二汇流条上，以形成该电池串，可以理解的，上述步骤具体可为第二汇流条通过导线与未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域电连接，也可为参照上述第一汇流条连接的方式所述，在此不予赘述。
实施例三
本发明第三实施例还提供一种电池组件，该电池组件包括前述实施例所述的背接触太阳能电池串。
具体的，该电池组件的组装工序包括如下所示：
电池分选：由于太阳能电池片生产线有很强的随机性，生产出来的电池性能不尽相同，为了有效的将性能一致或相近的电池片组合在一起，所以应根据其电池测试所测得的性能参数进行分类，以提高电池片的利用率，做出质量合格的电池组件。电池测试即测试电池的输出参数(电流和电压)的大小。
串接：将各个电池片依照前述方法实施例所述的制备方法进行制备，使得串接成前述装置实施例所述的电池串。
叠层：背面串接好且经过检验合格后，将玻璃、切割好的EVA膜/POE膜、电池串、EVA膜/POE膜、玻璃纤维、及背板/玻璃由下向上依次敷设，其中敷设时保证电池串与玻璃等材料的相对位置，调整好电池片间的距离。
组件层压：将叠层敷设好的电池片放入层压机内，通过抽真空将组件内的空气抽出，然后加热使EVA熔化将电池、玻璃和背板粘接在一起，最后冷却取出组件。
修边：由于层压时EVA熔化后由于压力而向外延伸固化形成毛边，因此层压完毕将其毛边切除。
装框：给组件装铝框，增加组件的强度，以进一步的密封电池组件，延长电池的使用寿命。其中边框和玻璃组件的缝隙用硅酮树脂填充，各边框间用角键连接。
粘接接线盒：在组件背面引线处粘接一个盒子，以利于电池与其他设备或电池间的连接。
组件测试：对电池的输出功率进行测试标定，测试其输出特性，确定组件的质量等级。
高压测试：在组件边框和电极引线间施加一定的电压，测试组件的耐压性和绝缘强度，以保证组件在恶劣的自然条件(如雷击等)下不被损坏。
实施例四
本发明第四实施例还提供一种光伏系统，包括如前述实施例所述的电池组件。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，包括：
    至少两个电池片，各个所述电池片均包括交替布置的正极区域和负极区域；
    覆盖在所述电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域及其中另一侧的各个负极区域的绝缘层；及
    连接相邻两电池片的第一汇流条，所述第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域和负极区域电连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述电池片中与所述第一汇流条电连接的正极区域及负极区域上设有焊点。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述第一汇流条与电池片中的正极区域及负极区域的连接部位设有导电胶或锡膏。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述第一汇流条上设有导电胶或锡膏。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述第一汇流条包括主体部、及由所述主体部延伸出的与所述正极区域及负极区域连接的各个延伸部。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述主体部上设有反射结构。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述反射结构为粗糙纹理结构、或在所述主体部上涂布的反光层或贴合的反 光膜。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述反光膜为铝膜。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述反射结构位于相邻两电池片之间的空隙区域。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述绝缘层为绝缘胶。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述第一汇流条为压敏导电胶带或焊带。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述电池串还包括位于所述太阳能电池串的端部处的第二汇流条，所述第二汇流条与位于端部的电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的正极区域或负极区域电连接。
  13. 如权利要求2所述的背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于，所述焊点数量为2-20个。
  14. 一种电池组件，其特征在于，所述电池组件包括如权利要求1-13任意一项所述的背接触太阳能电池串。
  15. 一种光伏系统，其特征在于，所述光伏系统包括如权利要求14所述的电池组件。
  16. 一种背接触太阳能电池串制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：在电池片其中一侧的各个正极区域及其中另一侧的各个负极区域上分别设置绝缘层；
    将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的背接触太阳能电池串制备方法，其特征在于，所述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接的步骤包括：
    在第一汇流条上设置导电胶或锡膏；
    通过导电胶或锡膏将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的背接触太阳能电池串制备方法，其特征在于，所述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接步骤包括：
    在电池片上设置与未覆盖绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域连接的主栅或导线；
    将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中的主栅或导线连接。
  19. 如权利要求16所述的背接触太阳能电池串制备方法，其特征在于，所述将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域连接步骤包括：
    在电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域设置焊点；将第一汇流条与相邻两电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域及负极区域的焊点连接。
  20. 如权利要求16所述的背接触太阳能电池串制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    将第二汇流条与位于端部处的电池片中未覆盖所述绝缘层的各个正极区域或负极区域连接。
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