WO2023273911A1 - 一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023273911A1
WO2023273911A1 PCT/CN2022/099327 CN2022099327W WO2023273911A1 WO 2023273911 A1 WO2023273911 A1 WO 2023273911A1 CN 2022099327 W CN2022099327 W CN 2022099327W WO 2023273911 A1 WO2023273911 A1 WO 2023273911A1
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Prior art keywords
charging
time
battery
current
remaining
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PCT/CN2022/099327
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓仲卿
胡峥楠
管必聪
徐海华
牛伟
李金涛
鞠靓辰
赵维红
�田�浩
邬学建
牛亚琪
Original Assignee
浙江吉利控股集团有限公司
浙江联控技术有限公司
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Priority to KR1020237045091A priority Critical patent/KR20240013814A/ko
Priority to EP22831729.3A priority patent/EP4365612A1/en
Publication of WO2023273911A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023273911A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
    • G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3646—Constructional arrangements for indicating electrical conditions or variables, e.g. visual or audible indicators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to a method and device for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery.
  • the accurate remaining charging time of the battery can enhance the user's comfort; the inaccurate remaining charging time will make the user experience discount;
  • the remaining charging time is generally calculated by dividing the remaining charging capacity by the charging current. Since the charging current will change, the displayed value will change drastically, rising and falling from time to time, and the visual perception is poor;
  • the battery management system estimates the remaining charging time of the battery, divides the entire charging process into several stages based on the cell voltage, and obtains the dynamic charging request current I(n,t) by combining the charging capacity Q of each stage and the temperature at different stages to estimate the remaining charging time.
  • the present application provides a method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery, the method comprising:
  • S102 Determine a plurality of charging intervals from the current battery charge amount to the target charge amount according to the target charge amount, the current battery charge amount, and a MAP table, the MAP table including a plurality of preset and continuous charge amount intervals, Each charge amount interval includes two charge amount nodes, and the charge interval includes: early charging, middle charging, late charging and final charging;
  • the estimating the end-of-charging time according to the stored multiple historical end-of-charging times includes:
  • the average value of the stored multiple historical charging end times is taken as the charging end time, and the historical charging end time is the actual charging time from the starting end value of the charging end time to the target charge amount in the historical charging end time.
  • the initial end value of the charging end is determined by using a specific SOC setting method or a specific potential setting method according to the service life of the battery combined with the initial test data of the battery and the usage data of the battery.
  • the determining multiple charging intervals from the current battery charge to the target charge according to the target charge, the current battery charge and the MAP table includes:
  • the interval where the end node with the smallest difference between each charge amount node in the MAP table and the current battery charge amount is located As the early stage of charging, take the minimum termination node to the starting node in the MAP table interval where the charging end end value is located as the middle charging period, and use the starting node in the MAP table interval where the charging end end value is located to The final end value of the later stage of charging is used as the later stage of charging, and the final stage of charging is defined as the final end value of the later stage of charging to the target charge amount.
  • the target charge amount, and each charge amount node in the MAP table respectively determine the charging early-stage time from the current battery charge amount to the charging early-stage end value, the charging The mid-charging time from the early termination end value to the mid-charging termination end value, and the late-charging time from the mid-charging termination end value to the late-charging termination end value include:
  • the remaining charging time is displayed for the display of the k+1th sampling time, is the remaining charging time displayed at the kth sampling time, ⁇ is a correction factor, T theok is the theoretical remaining charging time determined at the kth sampling time, and T step is a preset time period.
  • the present invention provides a device for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery, the device comprising:
  • the charging interval determination module is configured to determine a plurality of charging intervals from the current battery charge amount to the target charge amount according to the target charge amount, the current battery charge amount, and the MAP table, and the MAP table includes a plurality of preset And continuous charging capacity intervals, each of the charging capacity intervals includes two charging capacity nodes, and the charging intervals include: the early charging period, the middle charging period, the late charging period and the final charging period;
  • the non-charging end time determination module is configured to perform charging according to the current battery charge amount, the target charge amount, and each charge amount node in the MAP table to respectively estimate the current battery charge amount to the end value of the charging early stage The early time, the mid-charging time from the end value of the early charging period to the end value of the middle charging period, and the late charging time from the end value of the middle charging period to the end value of the late charging end;
  • a charging end time determination module configured to estimate the charging end time based on a plurality of stored historical charging end times
  • the first theoretical charging time determination module is configured to perform the accumulation of the early charging time, the middle charging time, the late charging time and the charging end time to obtain a theoretical remaining charging time, and calculate the theoretical remaining charging time As a display of remaining charging time and countdown display;
  • the repeated execution module is configured to execute during the charging process, and return to the charging interval determination module, the non-charging end time determination module, the charging end time determination module, and the first theoretical charging time determination module at intervals of preset time periods during the charging process, and determine according to the current cycle
  • the theoretical remaining charging time corrects the displayed remaining charging time displayed in the current cycle until the current battery charge reaches the initial value of the charging end;
  • the second theoretical charging time determination module is configured to execute when the current battery charge reaches the beginning of the charging end, use the charging end time as the display remaining charging time and count down the display until the battery charge reaches the specified The stated target charge capacity.
  • the charging end time determination module includes: a charging end time determination unit configured to use an average value of a plurality of stored historical charging end times as the charging end time, and the historical charging end time is from The actual charging time from the initial end value of the end-of-charging period to the target charging amount.
  • the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, at least one instruction or at least one program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the at least one instruction or at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to realize The method for estimating the remaining charging time of the battery is as described above.
  • the present invention provides an electronic device, including at least one processor, and a memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, The at least one processor implements the method for estimating the remaining charging time of the battery as described above by executing the instructions stored in the memory.
  • the application provides a method and device for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery, which corrects the displayed remaining charging time through the theoretical remaining charging time determined in real time, and sets up a charging end, starting from the charging end to charge the target amount of charge
  • the process is estimated separately, and the actual charging time in multiple historical charging cycles is used to estimate the charging time at the end of charging, which improves the accuracy of the estimated remaining charging time.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a division diagram of the charging stages provided by the embodiment of this specification.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • 710-charging interval determination module 710-charging interval determination module, 720-non-charging end time determination module, 730-charging end time determination module, 740-first theoretical charging time determination module, 750-repeat execution module, 760-second theoretical charging time determination module.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as first or second may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. Also, the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
  • the remaining charging time in the charging process of the battery is estimated.
  • the battery can be a lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a lead-acid battery, a nickel battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, Lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium-air batteries, or sodium-ion batteries are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery in the embodiment of the present invention may be a single battery cell, or a battery module or battery pack, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery charging process may include n charging stages, the charging current of each charging stage is ⁇ I1, I2, ..., In ⁇ , and the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the charging current of each charging stage ⁇ V1 , V2,...,Vn ⁇ .
  • the charging process of the battery in the embodiment of the present invention is:
  • the charging process of the battery in the embodiment of the present invention is:
  • the entire charging process is divided into different charge intervals according to the charging cut-off voltage in the full temperature range.
  • the current charge interval enters the next charge interval, the current charge interval
  • the charging current of the battery will be switched to the charging current of the next charging range to charge the battery. Therefore, the output current of the charging device will not be very stable, and the fluctuation of the output current will cause the jump of the remaining charging time.
  • the methods include:
  • S102 Determine a plurality of charging intervals from the current battery charge amount to the target charge amount according to the target charge amount, the current battery charge amount, and a MAP table, the MAP table including a plurality of preset and continuous charge amount intervals, Each charge amount interval includes two charge amount nodes, and the charge interval includes: an early charging period, a middle charging period, a late charging period, and an end charging period.
  • the initial end value of the charging end period is determined by using a specific SOC setting method or a specific potential setting method according to the service life of the battery combined with the initial test data of the battery and the usage data of the battery. Due to the difference in the service life of the battery, the charging time at the end of charging is also different.
  • the starting point of the end-of-charging period can be inversely proportional to the service life of the battery, that is, the longer the service life of the battery, the smaller the starting point of the end-of-charging period.
  • the early charging period, the middle charging period, the late charging period and the final charging period may respectively correspond to charge quantity intervals corresponding to multiple MAP tables.
  • the charging interval and the charge interval use different dimensions to divide the battery charge interval, and each node in the charge interval can be determined by the MAP table.
  • the method for estimating the pre-charging time, mid-charging time, and post-charging time can be:
  • the charging time required from 4% of the current charge to the 5% of the right node of the current charge interval 1 can be:
  • Crated is the rated capacity, 50AH, and I req1 is the requested current of charging stage 1, which is obtained according to the MAP table.
  • the charging time required from the 5% of the right node of the current charge amount interval 1 to the 97% of the left node of the charging target charge amount interval 12 can be:
  • T middle ⁇ charge capacity 2 *C rated /I req2 + ⁇ charge capacity 3 *C rated /I req3 +...+ ⁇ charge capacity 11 *C rated /I req11 ;
  • the difference ⁇ charge amount 2, 3...11 of the charge amount in the mid-charging period is determined according to the range of the charge amount of the battery MAP table.
  • the charging time required from the 97% of the left node of the charging capacity interval 12 to the end value of the late charging end of the charging target charging capacity interval can be:
  • the estimating the end-of-charging time according to the stored multiple historical end-of-charging times includes:
  • the average value of the stored multiple historical charging end times is taken as the charging end time, and the historical charging end time is the actual charging time from the starting end value of the charging end time to the target charge amount in the historical charging end time.
  • the end of T is the charging time from the initial end value of the charging end period to the target charging amount according to the stored multiple historical charging cycles.
  • data such as the current charge amount and the target charge amount can be reacquired at intervals of a preset time period, and the corresponding charging stage can be re-determined. change.
  • the charge of the battery when the battery is being charged, when the charge of the battery is already at the end of charging, the charge of the battery can be 99.5%, and the charging time of the end of charging can be determined according to the actual charging time at the end of charging in multiple historical charging cycles, The remaining charging time of the battery is determined according to the ratio of the battery charge to the battery capacity.
  • the actual charging time at the end of this charge can be recorded in an iterative manner:
  • tn in the storage unit is replaced by tn-1
  • t2 is replaced by t1
  • tn+1 is replaced by tn
  • the determination of multiple charging intervals from the current battery charge to the target charge according to the target charge, the current battery charge, and the MAP table includes:
  • the interval where the end node with the smallest difference between each charge amount node in the MAP table and the current battery charge amount is located As the early stage of charging, take the minimum termination node to the starting node in the MAP table interval where the charging end end value is located as the middle charging period, and use the starting node in the MAP table interval where the charging end end value is located to The final end value of the later stage of charging is used as the later stage of charging, and the final stage of charging is defined as the final end value of the later stage of charging to the target charge amount.
  • the charging capacity at the starting point of the charging end stage is 99.3%;
  • the charge range of the battery MAP meter can be divided into 12 intervals: [0%, 5%), [5%, 10%), [10%, 20%), [30%, 40%), [40% ,50%), [50%,60%), [60%,70%), [70%,80%), [80%,90%), [90%,95%), [95%,97 %), [97%, 100%].
  • Figure 2 is a division diagram of the charging stages provided by the embodiment of this specification.
  • [0%, 5%) can be determined as the early charging period, and [5%, 10%), [10%, 20%), [30%, 40%), [40%, 50%), [50%, 60%), [60%, 70%), [70%, 80% ), [80%, 90%), [90%, 95%), [95%, 97%) is the middle charging period, [97%, 99.3%) is the late charging period, [99.7%, 100%] is the final charging period .
  • the charging period can be empty, [5%, 10%), [10%, 20%), [30%, 40%), [40%, 50%), [50% %, 60%), [60%, 70%), [70%, 80%), [80%, 90%), [90%, 95%), [95%, 97%) are the charging medium, [ 97%, 99.3%) is the late stage of charging, and [99.7%, 100%] is the final stage of charging.
  • the charging period may be a null value.
  • the correction of the displayed remaining charging time displayed in the current cycle based on the theoretical remaining charging time determined in the current cycle is corrected by the following formula:
  • the remaining charging time is displayed for the display of the k+1th sampling time, is the remaining charging time displayed at the kth sampling time, ⁇ is a correction factor, T theok is the theoretical remaining charging time determined at the kth sampling time, and T step is a preset time period.
  • the theoretical remaining charging time is used to prompt the remaining charging time, and the theoretical remaining charging time re-determined according to the charging parameters of the real-time collected battery
  • the cycle display shows the remaining charging time to be corrected.
  • T dispk+1 T dispk - ⁇ *(T dispk / T theok )*T step .
  • T dispk+1 T dispk - ⁇ *(T dispk /T theok )*T step .
  • T dispn+1 remains as T dispn .
  • T step is a preset time period (sampling period).
  • the remaining battery charging time T disp is displayed, which is the recalculated battery remaining charging time T theo during the charging process.
  • the jump of the initial remaining charging time T disp of the battery is controlled not to exceed the T preset jump time threshold.
  • the current battery charge level to the charging early stage is respectively determined according to the current battery charge level, the target charge level, and each charge level node in the MAP table
  • the pre-charging time of the termination terminal value, the mid-charging time from the termination terminal value of the early charging period to the mid-charging termination terminal value, and the post-charging time period from the mid-charging termination terminal value to the late-charging termination terminal value include:
  • the charging current in each charging range may be affected by the charging environment temperature, or be affected by the charging environment temperature and the state of charge of the battery at the same time. Therefore, a table of correspondences between the charging current and the charging environment temperature in each charging stage may be established in advance, or a table of correspondences between the charging current in each charging range and the charging environment temperature and the state of charge of the battery may be established in advance.
  • the charging current of each charging range is obtained by looking up the table through the current charging environment temperature.
  • the charging current for each charging range can be obtained by looking up the table through the current charging ambient temperature and battery state of charge.
  • the average value of the charging current in the current charging range within a predetermined period of time can be used as the average charging current in the current charging range to prevent the unstable charging current from causing subsequent damage to the remaining Time estimation error.
  • the average value of the charging current within 30s of the current charge range of the battery is taken as the average charging current in the current charging stage.
  • the remaining charging time of the battery in the current charging range is calculated by using the following formula.
  • Tm (charge target-charge disp) ⁇ Capacity ⁇ Im
  • Tm is the remaining charging time of the battery in the current charge range
  • the charge target is the target state of charge of the battery in the current charge range
  • the charge disp is the current state of charge of the battery
  • Capacity is the battery’s current state of charge. capacity
  • Im is the average charging current in the current charging range.
  • the method for estimating the remaining charging time of the battery in the embodiment of the present invention it is possible to calculate in real time the target state of charge at the switching point of the charging stage at the charging cut-off voltage, thereby distributing and calculating the remaining charging time of different charging stages, and through the method of summing The total remaining charging time is obtained, and the jump problem in the calculation process of the remaining charging time is solved.
  • the T preset jump time threshold is 2min
  • the ⁇ correction factor is 1
  • the T step step length is 0.02s.
  • t is the elapsed real time after entering the final segment.
  • Displaying the remaining charging time T disp is directly expressed as the remaining charging time T theo of the battery recalculated during the charging process.
  • the control display remaining charging time Tdisp does not exceed the preset jump time threshold, and the preset jump time threshold is 3 minutes.
  • the application provides a method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery, which corrects the displayed theoretical remaining charging time through the theoretical remaining charging time determined in real time, and sets up a charging end, and the charging process from the charging end as the starting point to the target charge amount is independent Estimate, use the actual charging time in multiple historical charging cycles to estimate the charging time at the end of charging, and improve the accuracy of the estimated remaining charging time.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present invention provides a device for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery, which is characterized in that the device include:
  • the charging interval determination module 710 is configured to determine a plurality of charging intervals from the current battery charge amount to the target charge amount according to the target charge amount, the current battery charge amount, and the MAP table, and the MAP table includes a plurality of predetermined charging intervals. Assuming continuous charging intervals, each of the charging intervals includes two charging nodes, and the charging intervals include: the early charging period, the middle charging period, the late charging period and the final charging period;
  • the non-charging end time determination module 720 is configured to perform the process of determining the current battery charge amount to the end value of the charging early stage according to the current battery charge amount, the target charge amount, and each charge amount node in the MAP table, respectively. Early charging time, mid-charging time from the end value of the early charging period to the end value of the middle charging period, and late charging time from the end value of the middle charging period to the end value of the late charging end;
  • the end-of-charging time determination module 730 is configured to estimate the end-of-charging time according to the stored multiple historical end-of-charging times;
  • the first theoretical charging time determination module 740 is configured to perform the accumulation of the early charging time, the middle charging time, the late charging time and the charging end time to obtain a theoretical remaining charging time, and use the theoretical remaining charging time The time is used to display the remaining charging time and count down the display;
  • the repeated execution module 750 is configured to execute during the charging process, returning to the charging interval determination module, the non-charging end time determination module, the charging end time determination module, and the first theoretical charging time determination module at intervals of preset time periods during the charging process, and according to the current cycle
  • the determined theoretical remaining charging time corrects the displayed remaining charging time displayed in the current cycle until the current battery charge reaches the initial value at the end of charging;
  • the second theoretical charging time determination module 760 is configured to execute when the current battery charge reaches the beginning of the charging end, use the charging end time as the display remaining charging time and count down the display until the battery charge reaches The target charge amount.
  • the charging end time determination module includes: a charging end time determination unit configured to use the average value of multiple stored historical charging end times as the charging end time, so The historical charging end time is the actual charging time from the initial end value of the charging end to the target charge amount in the historical charging end.
  • This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and the computer-executable instructions are loaded by a processor to execute the above-mentioned method for estimating the remaining charging time of a battery in this embodiment.
  • This embodiment also provides a computer program product or computer program, where the computer program product or computer program includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the processor of the computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the above method for estimating the remaining charging time of the battery.
  • This embodiment also provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is suitable for being loaded by the processor and executing the estimation of the remaining charging time of the battery described above in this embodiment method.
  • the device may be a computer terminal, a mobile terminal, or a server, and the device may also participate in forming the apparatus or system provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or part of the contribution to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including instructions for making a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes such as U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc. .

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Abstract

一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法及装置，包括：确定充电区间（S102）；估算非充电末期的充电时间（S104）；根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间（S106）；将充电前期时间、充电中期时间、充电后期时间和充电末期时间累加得到理论剩余充电时间并显示计时（S108）；在充电过程中，间隔预设时间周期重复执行上述步骤S102-S108，并根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间（S110），当当前电池荷电量达到充电末期的起始端时，以充电末期时间作为显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示，直至电池荷电量达到目标荷电量（S112）。通过实时确定的电池理论剩余充电时间对显示的电池初始剩余充电时间进行修正提升估算的充电剩余时间的准确性。

Description

一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法及装置。
背景技术
电动汽车充电过程中，准确的电池剩余充电时间，可以增强用户的使用舒适度；而不准确的剩余充电时间，让用户体验打折；
电池管理系统中估算电池剩余充电时间，一般用充电剩余容量除以充电电流来计算充电剩余时间，由于充电电流会变化，显示的数值会剧烈变化，时升时降，视觉感观差；
电池管理系统估算电池剩余充电时间，基于单体电压将整个充电过程划分成若干阶段，结合各阶段待充容量Q，不同阶段下的温度获取动态充电请求电流I(n,t)，来估算剩余各个阶段的充电时间T＝Q/I(n,t)，累加后即为估算的剩余充电时间。
实际上，在充电末端，从单体最高电池电压达到充电截止电压，至充满电荷电量为100％的时间，相对比较长，用T＝Q/I(n,t)计算出的时间通常偏小，导致充电末端充电剩余时间估算值误差很大，影响体验。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法，所述方法包括：
S102、根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，所述MAP表中包括多个预设且连续的荷电量区间，每个所述荷电量区间均包括两个荷电量节点，所述充电区间包括：充电前期、充电中期、充电后期和充电末期；
S104、根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷 电量节点分别估算所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间；
S106、根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间；
S108、将所述充电前期时间、所述充电中期时间、所述充电后期时间和所述充电末期时间累加得到理论剩余充电时间，以所述理论剩余充电时间作为显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示；
S110、在充电过程中，间隔预设时间周期重复执行S102-S108，并根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间，直至当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端值；
S112、当当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端时，以所述充电末期时间作为所述显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示，直至电池荷电量达到所述目标荷电量。
进一步的，所述根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间，包括：
将存储的多个历史充电末期时间的均值作为充电末期时间，所述历史充电末期时间为历史充电末期中从所述充电末期的起始端值至所述目标荷电量的实际充电时间。
进一步的，所述充电末期的起始端值是根据电池的使用寿命结合电池的初始测试数据及电池的使用数据采用特定SOC设定法或者特定电位设定法确定的。
进一步的，所述根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，包括：
当所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电后期终止端值相差多个所述荷电量区间时，以MAP表中各个荷电量节点与所述当前电池荷电量的差值最小的终止节点所在的区间作为充电前期，以所述最小的终止节点至所述充电后期终止端值所在MAP表区间中的起始节点作为充电中期，以所述充电后期终止端值所在MAP表区间中的起始节点至所述充电后期终止端值作为充电后期，以所述充电后期终止端值至目标荷电量作为充电末期。
进一步的，所述根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷电量节点分别确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间，包括：
获取所述每个充电阶段对应MAP表中的充电电流，并根据所述电池当前所处充电阶段采集的充电电流，计算当前所处充电阶段的平均充电电流；
根据所述电池在当前所处充电阶段的终止端值、所述电池的当前荷电量和当前所处充电阶段的平均充电电流，计算所述电池在当前所处充电阶段的充电剩余时间；
基于当前所处充电阶段之后每个充电阶段的终止端值和所述之后每个充电阶段中的充电电流，计算所述电池在当前所处充电阶段之后至所述充电末期之前每个充电阶段的充电剩余时间。
进一步的，所述根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间是通过如下公式修正的：
Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-000002
为第k+1次采样时间的显示的显示剩余充电时间，
Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-000003
为第k次采样时间显示的显示剩余充电时间，η为修正因子，T theok为第k次采 样时间确定的理论剩余充电时间，T step预设时间周期。
另一方面，本发明提供一种电池剩余充电时间估算装置，所述装置包括：
充电区间确定模块，被配置为执行根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，所述MAP表中包括多个预设且连续的荷电量区间，每个所述荷电量区间均包括两个荷电量节点，所述充电区间包括：充电前期、充电中期、充电后期和充电末期；
非充电末期时间确定模块，被配置为执行根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷电量节点分别估算所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间；
充电末期时间确定模块，被配置为执行根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间；
第一理论充电时间确定模块，被配置为执行将所述充电前期时间、所述充电中期时间、所述充电后期时间和所述充电末期时间累加得到理论剩余充电时间，以所述理论剩余充电时间作为显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示；
重复执行模块，被配置为执行在充电过程中，间隔预设时间周期返回充电区间确定模块、非充电末期时间确定模块、充电末期时间确定模块、第一理论充电时间确定模块，并根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间，直至当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端值；
第二理论充电时间确定模块，被配置为执行当当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端时，以所述充电末期时间作为所述显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示，直至电池荷电量达到所述目标荷电量。
进一步的，所述充电末期时间确定模块包括：充电末期时间确定单元，被配置为执行将存储的多个历史充电末期时间的均值作为充电末期时间，所述历史充电末期时间为历史充电末期中从所述充电末期的起始端值至所述目标荷电量的实际充电时间。
另一方面，本发明提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一条指令或至少一段程序，所述至少一条指令或至少一段程序由处理器加载并执行以实现如上述所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法。
再一方面，本发明提供一种电子设备，包括至少一个处理器，以及与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述至少一个处理器通过执行所述存储器存储的指令实现如上述所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法。
本申请提供的一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法及装置，通过实时确定的理论剩余充电时间对显示的显示剩余充电时间进行修正，并且设立了充电末端，以充电末端作为起点至目标荷电量的充电过程单独估算，采用多个历史充电周期中的实际充电时间估算出充电末期的充电时间，提升估算的充电剩余时间的准确性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法的流程图；
图2为本说明书实施例提供的充电阶段的划分图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电池剩余充电时间估算装置的结构示 意图；
其中，710-充电区间确定模块，720-非充电末期时间确定模块，730-充电末期时间确定模块，740-第一理论充电时间确定模块，750-重复执行模块，760-第二理论充电时间确定模块。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语第一、第二仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有第一、第二的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。而且，术语第一、第二等适用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。
在本发明实施例中，对电池充电过程中的剩余充电时间进行估算，从电池的种类而言，该电池可以是锂离子电池、锂金属电池、铅酸电池、镍隔电池、镍氢电池、锂硫电池、锂空气电池或者钠离子电池，在本发明实施例中不做具体限定。从电池规模而言，本发明实施例中的电池可以是电芯单体，也可以是电池模组或电池包，在本发明实施例中不做具体限定。
在本发明实施例中，电池充电过程可以包括n个充电阶段，每个充电阶段的充电电流为{I1，I2，…，In}，与每个充电阶段的充电电流对应的充电截止电压{V1，V2，…，Vn}。
作为一个示例，本发明实施例中电池的充电过程为：
对电池以充电电流I1进行充电，当电池充电电压达到V1时，进入下一个荷电量区间；
对电池以充电电流I2进行充电，当电池充电电压达到V2时，进入下一个荷电量区间；……；在最后一个荷电量区间，对电池以充电电流In进行充电，当电池充电电压达到Vn时，停止充电。
作为另一个示例，本发明实施例中电池的充电过程为：
对电池以充电电流I0进行充电，当电池充电电压达到V0时，进入下一个荷电量区间；
对电池以充电电流I1进行充电，当电池充电电压达到V1时，进入下一个荷电量区间；对电池以充电电流I2进行充电，当电池充电电压达到V2时，进入下一个荷电量区间；……；在最后一个荷电量区间，对电池以充电电流In进行充电，直到充满。
在本发明实施例中，对动力电池充电时，整个充电流程在全温度范围内按照充电截止电压划分为不同的荷电量区间，当前荷电量区间进入下一个荷电量区间的同时，当前荷电量区间的充电电流将切换为下一个荷电量区间的充电电流对电池进行充电，因此，充电装置的输出电流不会很稳定，输出电流的波动会导致充电剩余时间的跳变。
为了更好的理解本发明，下面将结合附图，详细描述根据本发明实施例的电池剩余充电时间估算方法，请参见图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法的流程图，所述方法可以应用在电池充电过程中；
所述方法包括：
S102、根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，所述MAP表中包括多个预设且连续的荷电量区间，每个所述荷电量区间均包括两个荷电量节点，所述充电区间包括：充电前期、充电中期、充电后期和充电末期。
在具体的实施过程中，所述充电末期的起始端值是根据电池的使用寿命结合电池的初始测试数据及电池的使用数据采用特定SOC设定法或者特定电位设定法确定的。由于电池的使用寿命的不同，其在充电末段的充电时间也是不相同的。充电末期的起始点可以与电池的使用寿命成反比， 即电池的使用寿命越久，充电末期的起始端值越小。
可以理解的是，充电前期、充电中期、充电后期和充电末期可以分别对应有多个MAP表对应的荷电量区间。充电区间和荷电量区间采用不同的维度对电池荷电量进行区间的划分，荷电量区间的各个节点可以是MAP表确定的。
S104、根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷电量节点分别估算所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间。
具体的，充电前期时间、充电中期时间和充电后期时间的估算方法可以是：
(1)估算充电前期时间
当前荷电量4％至当前荷电量区间1右节点5％所需要的充电时间可以是：
T 前＝(5％-4％)*C rated/I req1；
其中，Crated为额定容量，50AH，I req1充电阶段1的请求电流，根据MAP表获取。
(2)估算充电中期时间
当前荷电量区间1右节点5％至充电目标荷电量区间12左节点97％所需要的充电时间可以是：
T 中＝Δ荷电量 2*C rated/I req2+Δ荷电量 3*C rated/I req3+…+Δ荷电量 11*C rated/I req11；
其中，充电中期的荷电量之差Δ荷电量2、3…11是根据电池MAP表荷电量区间确定的。
(3)估算充电后期时间
荷电量区间12左节点97％至充电目标荷电量区间充电后期终止端值所需要的充电时间可以是：
T 后＝Δ荷电量 (电后期终止端值-97％)*C rated/I req12。
S106、根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间。
具体的，所述根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间，包括：
将存储的多个历史充电末期时间的均值作为充电末期时间，所述历史充电末期时间为历史充电末期中从所述充电末期的起始端值至所述目标荷电量的实际充电时间。
具体的，T 末是根据存储多个历史充电周期中的从充电末期的起始端值至目标荷电量的充电时间。
如，历史前三次充电末段的充电时间分别为t1＝25min，t2＝29min，t3＝30min，可以通过平均的方式确定出当前充电末段的充电时间可以是28min。
S108、将所述充电前期时间、所述充电中期时间、所述充电后期时间和所述充电末期时间累加得到理论剩余充电时间，以所述理论剩余充电时间作为显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示。
S110、在充电过程中，间隔预设时间周期重复执行S102-S108，并根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间，直至当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端值。
具体的，可以间隔预设时间周期重新获取当前荷电量和目标荷电量等数据，并重新确定对应的充电阶段，可以理解的是，充电阶段中各个起始端值和终止端值可以随时间变化而变化的。
S112、当当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端时，以所述充电末期时间作为所述显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示，直至电池荷电量达到所述目标荷电量。
示例地、在电池进行充电时，电池荷电量已经处于充电末期时，电池的荷电量可以为99.5％，根据多个历史充电周期中的充电末期的实际充电时间可以确定充电末段的充电时间，并按照电池荷电量与电池容量的比值确定电池剩余充电时间。
前三次充电末段的充电时间分别为t 1＝25min，t 2＝29min，t 3＝30min,可以通过平均的方式确定出充电末段的充电时间可以是28min。即T＝28*(100％-99.5％)/(100％-99.3％)＝20min。其中，99.3％可以是充电末段 起点荷电量。
在实际充电结束后，记录本次充电末段的实际充电时间t＝32min。
在一些可能的实施例中，可以采用迭代的方式将本次充电末段的实际充电时间记录：
即，依次将存储单元中的tn替换tn-1，t2替换t1，tn+1替换tn，更新后即为：
t1＝29min，t2＝30min，t3＝32min。
在上述实施例基础上，本说明书一个实施例中，所述根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，包括：
当所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电后期终止端值相差多个所述荷电量区间时，以MAP表中各个荷电量节点与所述当前电池荷电量的差值最小的终止节点所在的区间作为充电前期，以所述最小的终止节点至所述充电后期终止端值所在MAP表区间中的起始节点作为充电中期，以所述充电后期终止端值所在MAP表区间中的起始节点至所述充电后期终止端值作为充电后期，以所述充电后期终止端值至目标荷电量作为充电末期。
示例地、1)如充电末段起点荷电量为99.3％；
2)电池MAP表荷电量区间可以划分为12个区间：[0％,5％)、[5％,10％)、[10％,20％)、[30％,40％)、[40％,50％)、[50％,60％)、[60％,70％)、[70％,80％)、[80％,90％)、[90％,95％)、[95％,97％)、[97％,100％]。
如图2所示，图2为本说明书实施例提供的充电阶段的划分图，当电池的当前荷电量为4％时，可以将[0％,5％)确定为充电前期，[5％,10％)、[10％,20％)、[30％,40％)、[40％,50％)、[50％,60％)、[60％,70％)、[70％,80％)、[80％,90％)、[90％,95％)、[95％,97％)为充电中期，[97％,99.3％)为充电后期，[99.7％,100％]为充电末期。
在环境温度10℃下，从电池荷电状态荷电量4％充电至目标荷电量 100％。
当当前荷电量为5％时，充电前期可以为空值，[5％,10％)、[10％,20％)、[30％,40％)、[40％,50％)、[50％,60％)、[60％,70％)、[70％,80％)、[80％,90％)、[90％,95％)、[95％,97％)为充电中期，[97％,99.3％)为充电后期，[99.7％,100％]为充电末期。
可以理解的是，当当前荷电量的值为荷电量区间的节点值时，充电前期可以为空值。
在上述实施例基础上，本说明书一个实施例中，所述根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间是通过如下公式修正的：
Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-000004
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-000005
为第k+1次采样时间的显示的显示剩余充电时间，
Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-000006
为第k次采样时间显示的显示剩余充电时间，η为修正因子，T theok为第k次采样时间确定的理论剩余充电时间，T step预设时间周期。
具体的，在电池在充电前期、充电中期及充电后期的区间内进行充电时，采用理论剩余充电时间进行充电剩余时间的提示，并根据实时采集电池的充电参数重新确定的理论剩余充电时间对当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间进行修正。
示例地、充电开始时，显示电池剩余充电时间T disp设置为T theo，即第0步，T disp0＝T theo0，其中，T theo为充电过程中重新计算的电池剩余充电时间。
随着充电过程中重新计算的电池剩余充电时T theo的变化，显示电池剩余充电时间T disp相应变化，处理如下：
在充电末段前，电池理论剩余充电时间T theo更新方法：
如T disp>T theo+T 预设跳变时间阈值，则第k+1步显示的显示剩余充电时间是基于第k步的显示剩余充电时间进行修订的，T dispk+1＝T dispk-η*(T dispk/ T theok)*T step。
如T disp<T theo+T 预设跳变时间阈值，则第k+1步显示的显示剩余充电时间是基于第k步的显示剩余充电时间进行修订的，T dispk+1＝T dispk-η*(T dispk/T theok)*T step。
其它情况，T dispn+1保持为T dispn。
其中，η为修正因子η＝[0～1]，T step为预设时间周期(采样周期)。
进入充电末段，显示电池剩余充电时间T disp即为充电过程中重新计算的电池剩余充电时间T theo。
整个过程中，控制电池初始剩余充电时间T disp跳变不超过T预设跳变时间阈值。
在上述实施例基础上，本说明书一个实施例中，所述根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷电量节点分别确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间，包括：
获取所述每个充电阶段对应MAP表中的充电电流，并根据所述电池当前所处充电阶段的采集的充电电流，计算当前所处充电阶段的平均充电电流。
在一些实施例中，由于每个荷电量区间的充电电流可能会受到充电环境温度的影响，或同时受到充电环境温度与电池荷电状态的影响。因此，可以预先建立每个充电阶段的充电电流与充电环境温度的对应关系表，或者预先建立每个荷电量区间的充电电流与充电环境温度和电池荷电状态的对应关系表。
基于充电电流与充电环境温度的对应关系表，通过当前充电环境温度，查表获得每个荷电量区间的充电电流。
或者，基于充电电流与充电环境温度和电池荷电状态的对应关系表，通过当前充电环境温度和电池荷电状态，查表获得每个荷电量区间的充电 电流。
在该步骤中，为了确保电流的稳定性，可以利用当前荷电量区间的充电电流在预定时间段内的平均值，作为当前荷电量区间的平均充电电流，以防止充电电流不稳定造成后续对剩余时间的估算误差。
作为一个示例，取电池当前所处荷电量区间的充电电流在30s内的平均值，作为当前充电阶段的平均充电电流。
根据所述电池在当前所处充电阶段的终止端值、所述电池的当前荷电量和当前所处充电阶段的平均充电电流，计算所述电池在当前所处充电阶段的充电剩余时间；
具体地，利用下述公式计算电池在当前所处荷电量区间的充电剩余时间。
Tm＝(荷电量target-荷电量disp)×Capacity÷Im
其中，Tm为电池在当前所处荷电量区间的充电剩余时间，荷电量target为电池在当前所处荷电量区间的目标荷电状态，荷电量disp为电池的当前荷电状态，Capacity为电池的容量，Im为当前所处荷电量区间的平均充电电流。
基于当前所处充电阶段之后每个充电阶段的终止端值和所述之后每个充电阶段中的充电电流，计算所述电池在当前所处充电阶段之后至所述充电末期之前每个充电阶段的充电剩余时间。
根据本发明实施例的电池剩余充电时间估算方法，可以实时计算在充电截止电压处进行充电阶段的切换处的目标荷电状态，从而分布计算不同充电阶段的剩余充电时间，并通过加和的方法得到总的剩余充电时间，解决剩余充电时间计算过程中的跳变问题。
示例地、估算未进入充电末段的充电剩余时间
开始充电时，当前荷电量4％小于末段起始点荷电量99.3％，那么：
第0步，初始充电过程中重新计算的电池剩余充电时间(单位：min)：T theo0＝T 前+T 中+T 后+T 末
第1步，T disp1＝T theo0
……
第k步，随着充电过程中重新计算的电池剩余充电时间T theo的减少，在第k步，假设T dispk<T theok+T 预设跳变时间阈值
第k+1步，如T dispk>T theok+T 预设跳变时间阈值，那么T dispk+1＝T dispk–η*(T dispk/T theok)*T step
……
其中，T 预设跳变时间阈值为2min，η修正因子为1，T step步长0.02s。
(3)估算已进入充电末段的充电剩余时间
随着充电当前荷电量大于等于末段起始点荷电量99.3％，那么估算电池理论剩余充电时间：
T theo＝T 末–t＝27-t
其中，t为进入末段后的已用的真实时间。
显示充电剩余时间T disp直接表示为充电过程中重新计算的电池剩余充电时间T theo。
(4)显示充电剩余时间的跳变处理
充电过程(2)(3)中，控制显示充电剩余时间Tdisp跳变不超过预设跳变时间阈值，预设跳变时间阈值为3min。
(5)充电结束后统计时间更新
充电结束后，统计本次充电末段充电时间t＝32min，当前记录数据为：
t 1＝25min，t 2＝29min，t 3＝30min
依次将存储单元中的t n替换t n-1，t 2替换t 1，t n+1替换t n，更新后即为：
t 1＝29min，t 2＝30min，t 3＝32min。
本申请提供的一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法，通过实时确定的理论剩余充电时间对显示的理论剩余充电时间进行修正，并且设立了充电末 端，以充电末端作为起点至目标荷电量的充电过程单独估算，采用多个历史充电周期中的实际充电时间估算出充电末期的充电时间，提升估算的充电剩余时间的准确性。
另一方面，图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电池剩余充电时间估算装置的结构示意图，如图3所示，本发明提供一种电池剩余充电时间估算装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
充电区间确定模块710，被配置为执行根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，所述MAP表中包括多个预设且连续的荷电量区间，每个所述荷电量区间均包括两个荷电量节点，所述充电区间包括：充电前期、充电中期、充电后期和充电末期；
非充电末期时间确定模块720，被配置为执行根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷电量节点分别确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间；
充电末期时间确定模块730，被配置为执行根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间；
第一理论充电时间确定模块740，被配置为执行将所述充电前期时间、所述充电中期时间、所述充电后期时间和所述充电末期时间累加得到理论剩余充电时间，以所述理论剩余充电时间作为显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示；
重复执行模块750，被配置为执行在充电过程中，间隔预设时间周期返回充电区间确定模块、非充电末期时间确定模块、充电末期时间确定模块、第一理论充电时间确定模块，并根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间，直至当前电池荷电量达到所述充电 末期的起始端值；
第二理论充电时间确定模块760，被配置为执行当当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端时，以所述充电末期时间作为所述显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示，直至电池荷电量达到所述目标荷电量。
在上述实施例基础上，本说明书一个实施例中，所述充电末期时间确定模块包括：充电末期时间确定单元，被配置为执行将存储的多个历史充电末期时间的均值作为充电末期时间，所述历史充电末期时间为历史充电末期中从所述充电末期的起始端值至所述目标荷电量的实际充电时间。
本实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，计算机可执行指令由处理器加载并执行本实施例上述的一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法。
本实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令，该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中。计算机设备的处理器从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令，处理器执行该计算机指令，使得该计算机设备执行上述电池剩余充电时间估算方法。
本实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括处理器和存储器，其中，存储器存储有计算机程序，计算机程序适于由处理器加载并执行本实施例上述的一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法。
设备可以为计算机终端、移动终端或服务器，设备还可以参与构成本申请实施例所提供的装置或系统。
基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括当干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、 只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域技术人员还可以进一步意识到，结合本说明书所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池剩余充电时间估算方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    S102、根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，所述MAP表中包括多个预设且连续的荷电量区间，每个所述荷电量区间均包括两个荷电量节点，所述充电区间包括：充电前期、充电中期、充电后期和充电末期；
    S104、根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷电量节点分别估算所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间；
    S106、根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间；
    S108、将所述充电前期时间、所述充电中期时间、所述充电后期时间和所述充电末期时间累加得到理论剩余充电时间，以所述理论剩余充电时间作为显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示；
    S110、在充电过程中，间隔预设时间周期重复执行S102-S108，并根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间，直至当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端值；
    S112、当当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端时，以所述充电末期时间作为所述显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示，直至电池荷电量达到所述目标荷电量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法，其特征在于，所述根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间，包括：
    将存储的多个历史充电末期时间的均值作为充电末期时间，所述历史充电末期时间为历史充电末期中从所述充电末期的起始端值至所述目标荷 电量的实际充电时间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法，其特征在于，所述充电末期的起始端值是根据电池的使用寿命结合电池的初始测试数据及电池的使用数据采用特定SOC设定法或者特定电位设定法确定的。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法，其特征在于，所述根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，包括：
    当所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电后期终止端值相差多个所述荷电量区间时，以MAP表中各个荷电量节点与所述当前电池荷电量的差值最小的终止节点所在的区间作为充电前期，以所述最小的终止节点至所述充电后期终止端值所在MAP表区间中的起始节点作为充电中期，以所述充电后期终止端值所在MAP表区间中的起始节点至所述充电后期终止端值作为充电后期，以所述充电后期终止端值至目标荷电量作为充电末期。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷电量节点分别确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间，包括：
    获取所述每个充电阶段对应MAP表中的充电电流，并根据所述电池当前所处充电阶段采集的充电电流，计算当前所处充电阶段的平均充电电流；
    根据所述电池在当前所处充电阶段的终止端值、所述电池的当前荷电量和当前所处充电阶段的平均充电电流，计算所述电池在当前所处充电阶段的充电剩余时间；
    基于当前所处充电阶段之后每个充电阶段的终止端值和所述之后每个充电阶段中的充电电流，计算所述电池在当前所处充电阶段之后至所述充电末期之前每个充电阶段的充电剩余时间。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法，其特征在于，所述根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间是通过如下公式修正的：
    Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-100001
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-100002
    为第k+1次采样时间的显示的显示剩余充电时间，
    Figure PCTCN2022099327-appb-100003
    为第k次采样时间显示的显示剩余充电时间，η为修正因子，T theok为第k次采样时间确定的理论剩余充电时间，T step预设时间周期。
  7. 一种电池剩余充电时间估算装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    充电区间确定模块，被配置为执行根据目标荷电量、当前电池荷电量和MAP表确定所述当前电池荷电量至所述目标荷电量的多个充电区间，所述MAP表中包括多个预设且连续的荷电量区间，每个所述荷电量区间均包括两个荷电量节点，所述充电区间包括：充电前期、充电中期、充电后期和充电末期；
    非充电末期时间确定模块，被配置为执行根据所述当前电池荷电量、所述目标荷电量、MAP表中各个荷电量节点分别估算所述当前电池荷电量至所述充电前期终止端值的充电前期时间、所述充电前期终止端值至所述充电中期终止端值的充电中期时间、所述充电中期终止端值至所述充电后期终止端值的充电后期时间；
    充电末期时间确定模块，被配置为执行根据存储的多个历史充电末期时间估算充电末期时间；
    第一理论充电时间确定模块，被配置为执行将所述充电前期时间、所述 充电中期时间、所述充电后期时间和所述充电末期时间累加得到理论剩余充电时间，以所述理论剩余充电时间作为显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示；
    重复执行模块，被配置为执行在充电过程中，间隔预设时间周期返回充电区间确定模块、非充电末期时间确定模块、充电末期时间确定模块、第一理论充电时间确定模块，并根据当前周期确定的理论剩余充电时间修正当前周期显示的显示剩余充电时间，直至当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端值；
    第二理论充电时间确定模块，被配置为执行当当前电池荷电量达到所述充电末期的起始端时，以所述充电末期时间作为所述显示剩余充电时间并倒计时显示，直至电池荷电量达到所述目标荷电量。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述电池剩余充电时间估算装置，其特征在于，所述充电末期时间确定模块包括：充电末期时间确定单元，被配置为执行将存储的多个历史充电末期时间的均值作为充电末期时间，所述历史充电末期时间为历史充电末期中从所述充电末期的起始端值至所述目标荷电量的实际充电时间。
  9. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一条指令或至少一段程序，所述至少一条指令或至少一段程序由处理器加载并执行以实现如权利要求1-6中任一项所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法。
  10. 一种电子设备，包括至少一个处理器，以及与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述至少一个处理器通过执行所述存储器存储的指令实现如权利要求1-6中任一项所述电池剩余充电时间估算方法。
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