WO2023230880A1 - 电池单体、电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023230880A1
WO2023230880A1 PCT/CN2022/096361 CN2022096361W WO2023230880A1 WO 2023230880 A1 WO2023230880 A1 WO 2023230880A1 CN 2022096361 W CN2022096361 W CN 2022096361W WO 2023230880 A1 WO2023230880 A1 WO 2023230880A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode assembly
battery cell
wall
battery
connection part
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PCT/CN2022/096361
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李全国
刘倩
孙婧轩
喻春鹏
陈佳华
肖得隽
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/096361 priority Critical patent/WO2023230880A1/zh
Publication of WO2023230880A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023230880A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing, specifically, to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the electrode assembly of the battery cell will expand during the charging process. If the space reserved inside the battery cell is limited, the safety performance of the battery cell will be reduced.
  • this application proposes a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the battery cell has less expansion when it has an equal number of electrode assemblies, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application proposes a battery cell, including: a housing assembly including a first electric energy connection part and a second electric energy connection part; at least one first electrode assembly and at least one second electrode assembly, along a first direction The stack is arranged inside the housing assembly; wherein the at least one first electrode assembly is electrically connected to the first electrical energy connection part, and the at least one second electrode assembly is electrically connected to the second electrical energy connection part.
  • the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly are respectively connected to different electrical energy connection parts, one of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly can be allowed to be charged and charged in the first direction. While expanding upward, the other one supplies power to the outside and contracts in the first direction or remains in a de-energized state to reduce the total expansion amount of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly in the first direction, thereby reducing the first
  • the possibility of lithium precipitation due to poor electrolyte infiltration in the electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly enables the battery cells to have higher safety performance and service life.
  • the housing assembly further includes: a housing, the at least one first electrode assembly and the at least one second electrode assembly are disposed inside the housing, the housing includes a first wall and a third Two walls; wherein, the first power connection part is provided on the first wall, and the second power connection part is provided on the second wall.
  • the first power connection part is provided on the first wall and the second power connection part is provided on the second wall, it is possible to realize that the first power connection part and the second power connection part are respectively located opposite or adjacent to the battery cell.
  • the two side walls provided increase the distance between the first electric energy connection part and the second electric energy connection part, which not only makes reasonable use of the space of the housing, but also has enough space to arrange the bus components connected to the first electric energy connection part and The bus component connected to the second electric energy connection part improves the safety of electrical connection between the battery cell and the outside.
  • the first wall and the second wall are arranged oppositely along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the first electric energy connection part and the second electric energy connection part are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery cell in the second direction, so that there is a long distance between the first electric energy connection part and the second electric energy connection part. distance to further improve the safety of the battery cell and external electrical connection.
  • the projection of the first power connection portion on the second wall does not coincide with the second power connection portion.
  • the projection of the first power connection part on the second wall does not coincide with the second power connection part, that is, the first power connection part and the second power connection part are not disposed on opposite sides of the same electrode assembly. , can reduce the possibility that the electrode assembly generates heat during the charging and discharging process, causing the temperature of the two electric energy connection parts to rise simultaneously, and reduces the possibility that the electrode assembly will burn out the two electric energy connection parts at the same time when thermal runaway occurs, thereby improving the battery Monolithic safety performance.
  • the projection of the at least one first electrode assembly on the first wall covers the first electrical energy connection portion, and the at least one second electrode assembly is on The projection on the second wall covers the second power connection.
  • the first electric energy connection part is electrically connected to the first electrode assembly by utilizing the gap between the first electrode assembly and the casing
  • the second electric energy connection part is electrically connected to the second electrode assembly by utilizing the gap between the second electrode assembly and the casing.
  • the battery cell includes: a first pressure relief mechanism provided on the first wall; and a second pressure relief mechanism provided on the second wall.
  • the first wall and the second wall are respectively provided with a pressure relief mechanism, which can improve the safety performance of the battery cells.
  • the projection of the at least one second electrode assembly on the first wall covers the first pressure relief mechanism, and the at least one first electrode assembly is on The projection on the first wall covers the second pressure relief mechanism.
  • the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell can be released by actuation of the first pressure relief mechanism.
  • the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell can be released through the second pressure relief mechanism. The temperature and pressure inside the battery cell can improve the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • the first power connection part includes a first positive terminal and a first negative terminal
  • the second power connection part includes a second positive terminal and a second negative terminal
  • the first electric energy connection part is electrically connected to the outside through the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal
  • the second electric energy connection part is electrically connected to the outside through the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal, which can reduce the The possibility of short circuit between the first electric energy connection part and the second electric energy connection part improves the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism is not located on the connection between the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal
  • the second pressure relief mechanism is not located on the connection between the second positive terminal and the first negative terminal. on the connection to the second negative terminal.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism is not on the connection line between the first positive terminal and the second positive terminal, which allows the first pressure relief mechanism to have a larger outer size, so that the battery cells can be quickly discharged when actuated.
  • the temperature and pressure inside the body, the second pressure relief mechanism is not on the connection line between the second positive terminal and the second positive terminal, can allow the second pressure relief mechanism to have a larger outer size, so that it can be quickly relieved when actuated.
  • the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell can improve the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism extends in a direction parallel to the line connecting the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal, and the length of the first pressure relief mechanism is L1,
  • the distance between the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal is P1, which satisfies L1/P1 ⁇ 0.3
  • the second pressure relief mechanism is parallel to the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal.
  • the length of the second pressure relief mechanism is L2, the distance between the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal is P2, and L2/P2 ⁇ 0.3 is satisfied.
  • the length L1 of the first pressure relief mechanism and the distance P1 between the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal meet the above range
  • the length L2 of the second pressure relief mechanism is consistent with the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal.
  • the distance P2 between them satisfies the above range, so that the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism can effectively release the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell when activated, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • the length L1 of the first pressure relief mechanism and the distance P1 between the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal meet the above range
  • the length L2 of the second pressure relief mechanism is consistent with the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal.
  • the distance P2 between them meets the above range, which can further ensure that the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism quickly release the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • the housing includes a third wall and a fourth wall that are oppositely arranged along the first direction and a fifth wall and a sixth wall that are oppositely arranged along the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to In the first direction and the second direction, the fifth wall is provided with a liquid injection hole.
  • the liquid injection hole of the battery cell is provided on the fifth wall, and the sixth wall opposite to the fifth wall is not provided with the first electric energy connection part and the second electric energy connection part.
  • the sixth wall acts as a force-bearing side wall and will not damage the first electric energy connection part and the second electric energy connection part. Therefore, the structure of the battery cell will not be damaged during the liquid injection process of the battery cell, and the battery quality is improved. Safety performance during the assembly process of the monomer.
  • the liquid injection hole is centrally located on the fifth wall.
  • the liquid injection hole is provided in the middle of the fifth wall along the first direction, and can be located approximately in the middle of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly stacked along the first direction, so that the electrolyte can be injected during liquid injection.
  • the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly can be quickly infiltrated, so that the electrode assembly is well infiltrated, the liquid injection speed of the battery cell is increased, and the safety performance of the battery cell is improved.
  • the housing includes: a housing having a first opening and a second opening; first end caps and second end caps, the first end cap covering the first The second end cap covers the second opening, the first wall is the first end cap, and the second wall is the second end cap.
  • the first end cover and the second end cover respectively cover the corresponding openings from both sides of the housing, which can simplify the structure of the housing and enable the first end cover to be assembled with the first electrical energy connection part first.
  • the second end cover is assembled with the second electric energy connection part, and then the first end cover and the second end cover are assembled with the casing, thereby simplifying the assembly process of the battery cells.
  • both the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly are flat, and the thickness directions of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly are parallel to the thickness directions of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly. One direction.
  • the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly are stacked along the first direction, and the thickness direction of the first electrode assembly and the thickness direction of the second electrode assembly both extend along the first direction. Due to the charging process of the electrode assembly, The expansion amount in the thickness direction is more obvious than the expansion amount in other directions. By reducing the total expansion amount of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly in the first direction, the safety performance of the battery cell can be significantly improved.
  • the number of the first electrode components is multiple, each of the first electrode components is connected to the first electrical energy connection part, and the number of the second electrode components is multiple , each of the second electrode components is connected to the second electrical energy connection part.
  • the number of the first electrode assemblies and the number of the second electrode assemblies are the same.
  • the output power of the first electric energy connection part and the output power of the second electric energy connection part can be realized to be the same, which simplifies the calculation process of the total output power when the battery cells are connected in series, parallel or mixed output.
  • a second aspect of this application proposes a battery, which includes a box and a plurality of battery cells described in the embodiment of the first aspect of this application, and a plurality of the battery cells are arranged in the box.
  • the battery according to the second embodiment of the present application also has better safety performance.
  • the battery further includes: a first bus component connected to the first electric energy connection part; and a second bus component connected to the second electric energy connection part.
  • the first bus part is connected to the first electric energy connection part to electrically connect the first electrode assembly to the outside
  • the second bus part is connected to the second electric energy connection part to electrically connect the second electrode assembly to the outside
  • the battery cell is electrically connected to the outside through the first bus part and the second bus part.
  • the battery cell is the above-mentioned battery cell that satisfies L1/P1 ⁇ 1 and L2/P2 ⁇ 1, and the first bus component has a first pressure relief mechanism that avoids the first pressure relief mechanism. and an escape portion.
  • the second converging component has a second escape portion that escapes the second pressure relief mechanism.
  • both the first bus part and the second bus part are U-shaped.
  • the U-shaped first bus part and the second bus part have a simple structure and can form an escape part, so that the corresponding pressure relief mechanism can be reliably avoided while both ends are connected to the corresponding electric energy connection part.
  • the first bus part, the first electrode assembly and the first electrical energy connection part are configured to form a first circuit
  • the second bus part, the second electrode assembly and the The second power connection part is configured as a second circuit
  • the first circuit and the second circuit are provided independently of each other.
  • the first circuit and the second circuit are arranged independently of each other, it is possible to allow the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly to not be in the charging state at the same time, thereby reducing the risk of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly moving along the first direction.
  • the total expansion amount improves the safety performance of the battery.
  • the first circuit and the second circuit are configured such that only one of them is in a charging state.
  • only one of the first circuit and the second circuit is in a charging state, and the other can be maintained in a depleted state or in a discharging state to reduce the energy consumption of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly along the first direction.
  • the total expansion amount improves the safety performance of the battery.
  • the first circuit and the second circuit are configured such that when one of them is in a charging state, the other is in a discharging state.
  • the third embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery described in the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • the electrical device according to the third embodiment of the present application also has better safety performance.
  • Figure 1 shows a simple schematic diagram of a vehicle in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the battery of the vehicle in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first form of battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 4 shows the A-A cross-sectional view of Figure 3
  • Figure 5 shows an internal structural diagram of a second form of battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 shows the B-B cross-sectional view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 shows the C-C cross-sectional view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of the battery cell shown in Figure 3 from a side view
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the first electrode assembly and the first electrical energy connection part in the battery cell shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the second electrode assembly and the second electrical energy connection part in the battery cell shown in Figure 3;
  • Figures 11 and 12 show respectively schematic structural diagrams related to the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism in some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 13 shows a schematic structural diagram related to the liquid injection hole in the battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 14 shows the D-D cross-sectional view of Figure 13
  • Figure 15 shows an internal structural diagram of a third battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple battery cells in the battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of the connection between the first electrical energy connection part of the battery cell and the first bus component in the battery according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second electric energy connection part of the battery cell and the second bus component in the battery according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 19 shows a partial enlarged view of E in Figure 17;
  • Figure 20 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of the alternating charging and discharging process of battery cells according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icon 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 10-battery cell; 11-casing assembly; 111-casing; 1111-first wall; 1112-second wall; 1113-casing; 11131-first opening; 11132- Second opening; 1114-first pressure relief mechanism; 11141-first end; 11142-second end; 1115-second pressure relief mechanism; 1116-third wall; 1117-fourth wall; 1118-fifth wall; 11181-liquid injection hole; 1119-sixth wall; 112-first electrical energy connection part; 1121-first positive terminal; 1122-first negative terminal; 113-second electrical energy connection part; 1131-second positive terminal; 1132 -The second negative terminal; 12-the first electrode assembly; 13-the second electrode assembly; 20-box; 21-first sub-box; 22-second sub-box; 30-first bus component; 31- The first part; 32-the second part; 33-the third part; 34-the first avoidance part; 40-the second bus part; 51-the first circuit; 52-the second
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a fixed connection.
  • connection can be a fixed connection or a fixed connection.
  • detachable connection, or integral connection it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal connection between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium ion secondary batteries, lithium ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries or magnesium ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, prismatic battery cells and soft-pack battery cells.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector that is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • Fluid, the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • Multiple battery cells are electrically connected through bus components to realize series, parallel or mixed connection of multiple battery cells.
  • the bus part is connected to two electrode terminals of opposite polarity of two adjacent battery cells to realize the series connection of the two battery cells; or the bus part is connected to two adjacent battery cells.
  • the electrode terminals of the same polarity of the body are connected to realize the parallel connection of two battery cells; or the busing component is connected to the electrode terminal located at the output end to realize the connection between the battery cells and the external output interface.
  • the battery cell also includes a pressure relief mechanism that is activated when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold value.
  • Threshold design varies based on design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or more materials of the positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate, electrolyte and separator of the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief mechanism can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, etc., and can specifically adopt pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive components or structures, that is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold , the pressure relief mechanism performs an action or the weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released.
  • the "actuation" mentioned in this application means that the pressure relief mechanism acts or is activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell can be released.
  • the actions generated by the pressure relief mechanism may include, but are not limited to: at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism is ruptured, broken, torn or opened, etc.
  • the electrode assembly during the charging process of a battery cell, the electrode assembly will expand, occupying the space reserved between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the battery cell casing. If the space reserved inside the battery cell is limited to consider its charging expansion, the electrode assembly will squeeze the shell of the battery cell from the inside, which will not only cause the shell to deform, but also cause the electrode assembly to be extruded out by the reaction force of the shell. The electrolyte inside the electrode assembly causes poor electrolyte infiltration in the electrode assembly, resulting in lithium precipitation, shortened cycle life, etc., seriously reducing the safety performance of the battery cells.
  • the interior of the battery cell includes at least one first electrode assembly and at least one second electrode assembly stacked in a certain direction.
  • the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly are stacked in a certain direction.
  • the electrode assemblies are electrically connected to different power connection parts respectively, thereby allowing one of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly to be in a charging state while the other is maintained in a depleted state or an external power supply state, thereby reducing the risk of the first electrode assembly.
  • the total expansion of the assembly and the second electrode assembly along its stacking direction enables the battery cell to have higher safety performance.
  • battery cells described in the embodiments of the present application can directly supply power to electrical devices, or they can be connected in parallel or in series to form batteries to power various electrical devices in the form of batteries.
  • the electrical devices that use battery cells or batteries described in the embodiments of the present application can be in various forms, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, battery cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, Electric toys and electric tools, etc.
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecrafts, etc.
  • Electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and Electric aircraft toys, etc.
  • Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planer.
  • the battery cells and batteries described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above-described electrical devices, but can also be applied to all electrical devices using battery cells and batteries. However, for the sake of simplicity of description, the following embodiments All are explained using electric vehicles as an example.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simple schematic diagram of a vehicle in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the battery of the vehicle in FIG. 1 .
  • a battery 100 , a controller 200 and a motor 300 are disposed inside a vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, front or rear of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power requirements for starting, navigation and driving of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 mentioned in the embodiment of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells 10 to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery 100 is composed of a plurality of battery cells 10 connected in series or in parallel.
  • the battery 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 10 and a box 20 .
  • the plurality of battery cells 10 are connected in parallel, in series, or in mixed combination to achieve high-voltage output.
  • the plurality of battery cells 10 are assembled and placed inside the box 20 .
  • the box 20 includes a first sub-box 21 and a second sub-box 22.
  • the first sub-box 21 and the second sub-box 22 cover each other to form a battery cavity, and multiple battery modules are placed in the battery cavity.
  • a plurality of battery cells 10 are connected in parallel or in series or in a mixed combination and then placed in a box 20 formed by fastening the first sub-box 21 and the second sub-box 22 .
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first form of battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • each battery cell 10 includes a housing assembly 11 and an electrode assembly.
  • the housing assembly 11 includes a housing 111 and an electric energy connection part.
  • the electrode assembly is disposed inside the housing 111 .
  • the casing 111 may be in the shape of a hexahedron or other shapes, and an accommodation cavity is formed inside the casing 111 for accommodating the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the housing 111 may be made of metallic material, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or nickel-plated steel.
  • the electrode assembly is arranged inside the shell 111.
  • the electrode assembly includes two tabs with opposite polarities.
  • the electric energy connection part includes two electrode terminals with opposite polarities.
  • the positive electrode terminal is connected to the tabs of the positive electrode of the electrode assembly, and the negative electrode terminal Connect to the tab of the negative pole of the electrode assembly.
  • the battery cell 10 can also be a soft-pack battery, and the electrolyte and electrode assembly are packaged in a packaging bag made of aluminum plastic film.
  • Figure 4 shows the A-A cross-sectional view of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows the internal structure diagram of the second form of battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell 10 including a housing assembly 11 , at least one first electrode assembly 12 and at least one second electrode assembly 13 .
  • the housing assembly 11 includes a first power connection part 112 and a second power connection part 113.
  • At least one first electrode assembly 12 and at least one second electrode assembly 13 are stacked and arranged inside the housing assembly 11 along the first direction X.
  • at least one first electrode assembly 12 is electrically connected to the first power connection part 112
  • at least one second electrode assembly 13 is electrically connected to the second power connection part 113 .
  • the plurality of electrode assemblies in the battery cell 10 of the embodiment of the present application are stacked along the first direction X and divided into two groups.
  • the first group of electrode assemblies only includes the first Electrode assembly 12, the second group of electrode assemblies only includes the second electrode assembly 13.
  • the first power connection part 112 is electrically connected to the first set of electrode assemblies, and the second power connection part 113 is electrically connected to the second set of electrode assemblies.
  • the power connection part is electrically connected.
  • the specifications, types and quantities of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 may be the same or different; the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 may be of a rolled structure or a laminated structure; The number of each of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 may be one or more, or one of them may be one and the other may be multiple.
  • the first electrode assembly 12 at the end and the second electrode assembly 13 at the head end are arranged in close contact; as shown in Figure 5, the first group of electrode assemblies and the second electrode assembly 13 can also be arranged in a staggered manner, that is, one first electrode assembly
  • the two sides of 12 are respectively arranged with two second electrode assemblies 13 , or the two sides of one second electrode assembly 13 are respectively arranged with two first electrode assemblies 12 .
  • the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 are used to independently electrically connect to the outside.
  • the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 may be provided on the same side of the housing 111 , or may be provided on different sides of the housing 111 .
  • Both the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 include a positive connection part and a negative connection part.
  • the positive connection part and the negative connection part may both be electrode terminals; or the negative connection part may be a part of the housing 111 and the positive connection part may be a part of the housing 111 .
  • the top part is the electrode terminal.
  • the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 are respectively connected to different power connection parts, one of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 can be allowed to be charged. While expanding in the first direction X, the other one supplies power to the outside and contracts in the first direction
  • the total expansion amount on the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 reduces the possibility of lithium precipitation due to poor electrolyte infiltration, and improves the safety performance and service life of the battery cell 10 .
  • the housing assembly 11 further includes a housing 111, and at least one first electrode assembly 12 and at least one second electrode assembly 13 are provided in the housing 111, Housing 111 includes first wall 1111 and second wall 1112 .
  • the first power connection part 112 is provided on the first wall 1111
  • the second power connection part 113 is provided on the second wall 1112.
  • the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 may be provided on adjacent two sides of the housing 111 , or may be provided on opposite sides of the housing 111 .
  • Figure 6 shows the B-B cross-sectional view of Figure 4
  • Figure 7 shows the C-C cross-sectional view of Figure 4.
  • the outer casing 111 includes a casing 1113.
  • the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 can both be end covers and are welded to the casing 1113; or one of them can be the bottom of the casing 1113. wall, the other is an end cover, and the end cover is welded to the shell 1113.
  • the first power connection part 112 is disposed on the first wall 1111 in the same manner as the second power connection part 113 is disposed on the second wall 1112 .
  • the first wall 1111 is provided with two electrode extraction holes, and the first power connection part 112 includes a first positive electrode terminal 1121 and a first negative electrode.
  • the terminal 1122, the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122 are respectively insulated and arranged in two electrode lead-out holes.
  • One end of the first positive terminal 1121 is connected to the positive tab of the first electrode assembly 12, and the other end is exposed to the first wall. 1111.
  • the second power connection part 113 includes a second positive terminal 1131 and a second negative terminal 1132.
  • the second positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132 are both disposed on the second wall 1112, which will not be described further here.
  • the distance between the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 is increased.
  • the distance not only makes reasonable use of the space of the casing 111, but also has enough space to arrange the bus components connected to the first power connection part 112 and the bus parts connected to the second power connection part 113, which improves the connection between the battery cell 10 and the external power. Connection security.
  • the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 are arranged oppositely along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the length direction of the housing 111 extends along the second direction Y, that is, the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the length direction of the housing 111 .
  • the first direction X may be the thickness direction of the battery cell 10 or the width direction of the battery cell 10 .
  • the thickness directions of the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 both extend along the second direction Y; in other embodiments, the thickness directions of the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 may also extend along the second direction Y.
  • the other directions arranged obliquely to the first direction X extend.
  • the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery cell 10 in the second direction Y, so that the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 can be The relatively long distance between them further improves the safety of the electrical connection between the battery cell 10 and the outside.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of the battery cell shown in FIG. 3 from a side view.
  • the projection of the first power connection part 112 on the second wall 1112 does not coincide with the second power connection part 113 .
  • the projections of the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 do not overlap, that is, the projections of the first positive terminal 1121 and the second positive terminal 1131 on the XZ plane do not coincide with the second positive terminal. 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132 do not overlap.
  • the projection of the first power connection part 112 on the second wall 1112 does not overlap with the second power connection part 113, that is, the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 are not disposed in the same electrode assembly.
  • the opposite sides of the electrode assembly can reduce the possibility that the electrode assembly will generate heat during the charging and discharging process and cause the temperature of the two electric energy connection parts to rise simultaneously, and reduce the possibility that the electrode assembly will burn out the two electric energy connection parts at the same time when thermal runaway occurs. properties, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10.
  • first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 may both be disposed on the first wall 1111, or the projection of the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 on the XZ plane is Overlapping.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the first electrode assembly and the first electrical energy connection part in the battery cell shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 10 shows the second electrode assembly in the battery cell shown in Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship with the second power connection part.
  • the projection of at least one first electrode assembly 12 on the first wall 1111 covers the first electrical energy connection portion 112
  • at least one first electrode assembly 12 covers the first power connection portion 112
  • the projection of the two electrode components 13 on the second wall 1112 covers the second power connection part 113 .
  • the projection of at least one first electrode assembly 12 covers the projection of the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122
  • the projection of the at least one second electrode assembly 13 covers the second positive terminal 1131 and the first negative terminal 1122. Projection of the two negative terminals 1132.
  • the projection of the first electrode assembly 12 covers the projection of the first electrical energy connection part 112
  • the second electrode assembly 13 The projection of covers the projection of the second power connection part 113 .
  • the projections of multiple first electrode assemblies 12 can jointly cover the first The projection of the electric energy connection part 112, as shown in FIG.
  • the projections of the plurality of second electrode assemblies 13 jointly cover the projection of the second electric energy connection part 113; it may also be that one of the plurality of first electrode assemblies 12 covers the first electric energy.
  • the projection of the connection portion 112 is covered by one of the plurality of second electrode assemblies 13 covering the projection of the second power connection portion 113 .
  • the first electrical energy connection part 112 is electrically connected to the first electrode assembly 12 by utilizing the gap between the first electrode assembly 12 and the housing 111
  • the second electrical energy connection part 113 is electrically connected by utilizing the gap between the second electrode assembly 13 and the housing 111
  • the gap is electrically connected to the second electrode assembly 13, which not only simplifies the electrical connection structure between each electric energy connection part and the corresponding electrode assembly, but also enables the other side of each electrode assembly away from the corresponding electric energy connection part to connect with the housing 111
  • the contact makes the battery cell 10 compact and increases the energy density of the battery cell 10 .
  • the battery cell 10 includes a first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and a second pressure relief mechanism 1115.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is disposed on the first wall. 1111.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is provided on the second wall 1112.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 may be a weak structure of the first wall 1111, or the first wall 1111 may be provided with a pressure relief hole, and the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 may be disposed in the pressure relief hole; the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 may be a third
  • the weak structure of the second wall 1112 may also be that the second wall 1112 is provided with a pressure relief hole, and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is provided in the pressure relief hole.
  • the shapes of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 may be circular, oval, square, elongated, etc.
  • the projections of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 may or may not overlap.
  • the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 are respectively provided with a pressure relief mechanism, which can improve the safety performance of the battery cell 10 .
  • the battery cell 10 may also include only one pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure relief mechanism is disposed on the first wall 1111, the second wall 1112, or other side walls of the housing 111.
  • the projection of at least one second electrode assembly 13 on the first wall 1111 covers the first pressure relief mechanism 1114, and at least one second The projection of an electrode assembly 12 on the first wall 1111 covers the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 .
  • pole tabs are arranged on the side of the second electrode assembly 13 facing the second wall 1112 so as to be connected with the second electrode assembly 1112 .
  • the second power connection part 113 is connected, and there is approximately no gap between the other side and the first wall 1111.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 corresponds to the side of the second electrode assembly 13 facing the first wall 1111, so as to connect the first electrode to the first wall 1111.
  • the projection of the second electrode assembly 13 on the first wall 1111 covers the first pressure relief mechanism 1114.
  • the projection of an electrode assembly 12 on the first wall 1111 covers the second pressure relief mechanism 1115; based on the aforementioned embodiment in which the number of the first electrode assembly 12 and the number of the second electrode assembly 13 is multiple, on the XZ plane, it is possible to
  • the projections of the plurality of first electrode assemblies 12 jointly cover the projection of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114
  • the projections of the plurality of second electrode assemblies 13 jointly cover the projection of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115.
  • One of the plurality of second electrode assemblies 13 covers the projection of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114
  • one of the plurality of second electrode assemblies 13 covers the projection of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 .
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 can be activated to release the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell 10 .
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 can be activated through the second relief mechanism.
  • the pressure mechanism 1115 is used to release the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell 10, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10.
  • the first power connection part 112 includes a first positive terminal 1121 and a first negative terminal 1122
  • the second power connection part 113 includes a second positive terminal 1131 and a first negative terminal 1122 .
  • Second negative terminal 1132 As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , in some embodiments of the present application, the first power connection part 112 includes a first positive terminal 1121 and a first negative terminal 1122 , and the second power connection part 113 includes a second positive terminal 1131 and a first negative terminal 1122 . Second negative terminal 1132.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is provided on the first wall 1111 and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is provided on the second wall 1112 , the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 , the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122 They are all disposed on the first wall 1111, and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115, the second positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132 are all disposed on the second wall 1112.
  • the first power connection part 112 is electrically connected to the outside through the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122, and the second power connection part 113 is connected to the outside through the second positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132.
  • the electrical connection can reduce the possibility of short circuit between the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 , thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10 .
  • Figures 11 and 12 show respectively schematic structural diagrams of the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is not on the connection line between the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122, and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is not on the second On the connection between the positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132.
  • connection between the center of the first positive terminal 1121 and the center of the first negative terminal 1122 is defined as the first connection S1
  • the connection between the center of the second positive terminal 1131 and the center of the second negative terminal 1132 is defined as the second connection. S2.
  • the first connection line S1 extends along the third direction Z, and the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is located on one side of the first connection line S1 along the first direction X.
  • the mechanism 1115 is located on one side of the second connection line S1 along the second direction Y, and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 and the second power connection part 113 are generally disposed on the second wall 1112 .
  • the first connection line S1 and the second connection line S2 may also extend along other directions.
  • the first wall 1111 is square, the first connection line S1 extends along a diagonal line of the first wall 1111, and the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is located in the part of the second wall 1112 divided by the first connection line S1;
  • the second wall 1112 is square, the second connection line S2 extends along a diagonal line of the second wall 1112, and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is located in the portion of the second wall 1112 divided by the second connection line S2.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 may be entirely located between the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122, or at least one end may extend beyond the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122.
  • the two pressure relief mechanisms 1115 may be entirely located between the second positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132 , or may have at least one end beyond the second positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132 .
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is not on the connection line between the first positive terminal 1121 and the second positive terminal 1131, which allows the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 to have a larger outer size, so that it can be quickly actuated.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is not on the connection line between the second positive terminal 1131 and the second positive terminal 1131, which allows the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 to have a larger outer size. Therefore, the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell 10 can be quickly released during actuation, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10 .
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is arranged along a line parallel to the connection between the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122 (ie, the first connection S1 ). direction extends, the length of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is L1, the distance between the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122 is P1, satisfying L1/P1 ⁇ 0.3; the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is parallel to the second The direction of the connection between the positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132 (ie, the second connection S2) extends, the length of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is L2, and the distance between the second positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132 is P2, satisfying L2/P2 ⁇ 0.3.
  • the length direction of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the length direction of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 both extend along the third direction Z. extend.
  • the middle part of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 may be located at the midpoint of the first connection line S1, or may be located on one side of the midpoint of the first connection line S1; the middle part of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 may be It is located at the midpoint of the second connecting line S2, or may be located on one side of the midpoint of the second connecting line S2.
  • the end of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 may exceed the end of the first connection line S1, or may be located within the range of the first connection line S1; the end of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 may exceed the end of the first connection line S1.
  • the end of the second connection line S2 may also be located within the range of the second connection line S2.
  • the length L1 of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the distance P1 between the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122 satisfy the above range
  • the length L2 of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is consistent with the distance P1 between the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1131
  • the distance P2 between the second negative terminal 1132 and the second negative terminal 1132 satisfies the above range, so that the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 can effectively release the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell 10 when activated, thereby improving the battery cell quality.
  • L1/P1 ⁇ 1 and L2/P2 ⁇ 1 are satisfied.
  • both ends of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 exceed the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122, that is, both ends are located on the first connection line S1. Outside the range of S1; along the extension direction of the second connection line S2, both ends of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 are beyond the second positive terminal 1131 and the second negative terminal 1132, that is, they are both within the range of the second connection line S2. outside.
  • the length L1 of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the distance P1 between the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122 satisfy the above range
  • the length L2 of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 is consistent with the distance P1 between the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1131
  • the distance P2 between the second negative terminal 1132 and the second negative terminal 1132 meets the above range, which can further ensure that the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 quickly release the internal temperature and temperature of the battery cell 10 when the battery cell 10 undergoes thermal runaway. pressure, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10.
  • Figure 13 shows a schematic structural diagram related to the liquid injection hole in the battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 14 shows a D-D cross-sectional view of Figure 13 .
  • the housing 111 includes a third wall 1116 and a fourth wall 1117 oppositely arranged along the first direction X and a third wall 1117 oppositely arranged along the third direction Z.
  • the fifth wall 1118 and the sixth wall 1119 have the third direction Z perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y.
  • the fifth wall 1118 is provided with a liquid injection hole 11181.
  • the battery cell 10 is a square-shell battery.
  • the thickness direction of the electrode assembly can extend along the first direction X or the third direction Z.
  • the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 are respectively located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly along the second direction Y.
  • the liquid injection hole 11181 is opened in the other side wall of the housing 111 connecting the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112.
  • the liquid injection hole 11181 may be disposed at the center of the fifth wall 1118 or may be disposed offset from the center of the fifth wall 1118 .
  • the liquid injection hole 11181 of the battery cell 10 is provided in the fifth wall 1118, and the sixth wall 1119 opposite to the fifth wall 1118 is not provided with the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113.
  • the sixth wall 1119 serves as a force-bearing side wall and will not damage the first power connection part 112 and the second power connection part 113 , so that during the liquid filling process of the battery cell 10 The structure of the battery cell 10 will not be damaged, thereby improving the safety performance during the assembly process of the battery cell 10 .
  • the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112 are arranged oppositely along both sides of the housing 111 along its central axis, and the side walls are in the form of a cylinder with both ends open. shape, the side wall connects the first wall 1111 and the second wall 1112, and the liquid injection hole 11181 is opened in the side wall.
  • the liquid injection hole 11181 is centrally provided on the fifth wall 1118 .
  • the liquid injection hole 11181 may be centrally located on the fifth wall 1118, or may be located offset from the middle of the fifth wall 1118.
  • the liquid injection hole 11181 is provided in the middle of the fifth wall 1118 along the first direction X, and can be located approximately in the middle of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 stacked along the first direction During liquid injection, the electrolyte can quickly infiltrate the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13, so that the electrode assemblies are well infiltrated, increasing the liquid injection speed of the battery cell 10, and improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10.
  • the housing 111 includes a housing 1113, a first end cover and a second end cover, and the housing 1113 has a first opening 11131 and a second opening. 11132, the first end cap covers the first opening 11131, the second end cap covers the second opening 11132, the first wall 1111 is the first end cap, and the second wall 1112 is the second end cap.
  • the battery cell 10 is a square-shell battery
  • the first end cover and the second end cover are both square
  • the housing 1113 is a square cylindrical structure with openings at both ends
  • the first end cap and the second end cap are both circular or elliptical
  • the casing 1113 is a cylindrical structure or an elliptical cylindrical structure with both ends open.
  • the first end cap and the second end cap may have the same structure or may have different structures.
  • the first end cover and the second end cover respectively cover the corresponding openings from both sides of the housing 1113, which can simplify the structure of the housing 1113 and enable the first end cover to be connected to the first electrical energy connection part first.
  • 112 is assembled, the second end cover is assembled with the second power connection part 113, and then the first end cover and the second end cover are assembled with the case 1113, which simplifies the assembly process of the battery cell 10.
  • both the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 are flat, and the thickness directions of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 are parallel to The first direction is X.
  • the thicknesses of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 may be the same or different.
  • the winding axes of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 both extend along the second direction Y; based on the aforementioned third electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13.
  • the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 are implemented in a laminated structure.
  • the pole pieces of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 are stacked along the first direction X.
  • the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 are stacked along the first direction X, and the thickness direction of the first electrode assembly 12 and the thickness direction of the second electrode assembly 13 both extend along the first direction X. Since During the charging process of the electrode assembly, the expansion amount in the thickness direction is more obvious than the expansion amount in other directions. By reducing the total expansion amount of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 in the first direction X, it can The safety performance of the battery cell 10 is significantly improved.
  • the number of first electrode assemblies 12 is multiple, each first electrode assembly 12 is connected to the first electrical energy connection part 112 , and the number of second electrode assemblies 13 is There are a plurality of second electrode components 13 , and each second electrode assembly 13 is connected to the second power connection part 113 .
  • the number of the first electrode assemblies 12 and the second electrode assemblies 13 is two, three or four; for another example, the number of the first electrode assemblies 12 is two and the number of the second electrode assemblies 13 is three. ; For another example, the number of first electrode assemblies 12 is three, the number of second electrode assemblies 13 is two, and so on.
  • first electrode assemblies 12 and second electrode assemblies 13 which can increase the output power of the first electric energy connection part 112 and the output power of the second electric energy connection part 113 , thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 10 Output Power.
  • Figure 15 shows an internal structural diagram of a third battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the number of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 is one, and the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 are stacked along the first direction X.
  • the electrode assembly 12 is connected to the first power connection part 112 provided on the first wall 1111
  • the second electrode assembly 13 is connected to the second power connection part 113 provided on the second wall 1112 .
  • the number of first electrode assemblies 12 and the number of second electrode assemblies 13 are the same.
  • the number of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 may each be one, two, or three, and so on.
  • the output power of the first power connection part 112 and the output power of the second power connection part 113 can be realized to be the same, which simplifies the calculation process of the total output power when the battery cells 10 are connected in series, parallel or mixed output.
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple battery cells in the battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a battery 100, which includes a box 20 and a plurality of battery cells 10.
  • the plurality of battery cells 10 are disposed in the box 20.
  • multiple battery cells 10 may be stacked along the first direction Along the second direction Y, the battery cells 10 are arranged in at least one column.
  • the battery 100 in the embodiment of the present application also has better safety performance.
  • Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of the connection between the first electrical energy connection part of the battery cell and the first bus component in the battery according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 18 shows the battery cell in the battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 further includes a first bus component 30 and a second bus component 40 .
  • the first bus component 30 is connected to the first power connection part 112
  • the second bus component 40 is connected to the first bus component 30 and the second bus component 40 .
  • the bus component 40 is connected to the second power connection part 113 .
  • the first positive terminal 1121 is connected to the first power connection part 112 of the adjacent battery cell 10 through a first bus part 30 , and the first negative terminal 1122 It is connected to the first power connection part 112 of another adjacent battery cell 10 through another first bus part 30; as shown in FIG. 18, the second positive terminal 1131 is connected to the adjacent battery through a second bus part 40.
  • the first power connection part 112 of the cell 10 is connected, and the second negative terminal 1132 is connected to the first power connection part 112 of another adjacent battery cell 10 through another second bus component 40 .
  • first bus part 30 and the second bus part 40 can not only connect two adjacent battery cells 10, but also electrically connect the battery cell 10 located at the end with an external output interface.
  • first bus part 30 and the second bus part 40 may be the same or different.
  • first bus component 30 and the second bus component 40 have the same structure, and the thickness directions of the first bus component 30 and the second bus component 40 both extend along the second direction Y.
  • the second bus component 40 may be a substantially square thin plate structure, or may be a substantially elongated thin plate structure.
  • the first bus part 30 is connected to the first power connection part 112 to electrically connect the first electrode assembly 12 to the outside
  • the second bus part 40 is connected to the second power connection part 113 to connect the second electrode assembly 112 to the outside.
  • the assembly 13 is electrically connected to the outside
  • the battery cell 10 is electrically connected to the outside through the first bus part 30 and the second bus part 40 .
  • FIG. 19 shows a partial enlarged view of E in FIG. 17 .
  • the battery cell 10 satisfies L1/P1 ⁇ 1, L2/P2 ⁇ 1, and the first bus component 30 has a first pressure relief mechanism to avoid
  • the first escape portion 34 of 1114 and the second converging member 40 have a second escape portion (not shown in the figure) that escapes the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 .
  • the projection of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 does not coincide with the projection of the first converging component 30
  • the projection of the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 does not coincide with the projection of the second converging component 40 .
  • the first busbar 30 can be bent to form the first escape portion 34 to escape the first pressure relief mechanism 1114, or it can be A through hole is provided, and the through hole forms the first escape portion 34 .
  • the first escape part 34 escapes from the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the second escape part escapes from the second pressure relief mechanism 1115
  • the surroundings of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the second pressure relief mechanism 1115 can be There is no obstruction, so when the battery cell 10 undergoes thermal runaway, the temperature and pressure inside the battery cell 10 can be reliably released, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10 .
  • both the first bus part 30 and the second bus part 40 are U-shaped.
  • the first bus component 30 includes a first part 31, a second part 32 and a third part 33 connected in sequence.
  • the length direction of the second part 32 is along the Extending in one direction
  • the U-shaped recess of the bus part 30 is configured as a first escape part 34 .
  • the two ends of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 are the first end 11141 and the second end 11142 respectively.
  • a first bus part 30 is connected from the first end 11141 to a battery cell 10 adjacent to one side.
  • the battery cell 10 has its first escape part 34 avoiding the first end 11141, and the other first bus part 30 connects one battery cell 10 to the adjacent battery cell 10 on the other side from the second end 11142, and its third An avoidance part 34 avoids the second end 11142.
  • the U-shaped first bus part 30 and the second bus part 40 have a simple structure and can form an escape part, so that the corresponding pressure relief mechanism can be reliably avoided while both ends are connected to the corresponding electric energy connection part.
  • Figure 20 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first bus part 30, the first electrode assembly 12 and the first power connection part 112 are configured to form a first circuit 51
  • the second bus part 40, the second electrode assembly 13 and the second power connection part 113 are configured to form a second circuit 52
  • the first circuit 51 and the second circuit 52 are provided independently of each other.
  • the first circuit 51 includes a first output interface 61, and the two first bus components 30 located at the starting end and the end are connected to the first output interface 61 to connect to an external load or charging device through the first output interface 61;
  • the second circuit 52 includes a second output interface 62, and two second bus components 40 located at the starting end and the end are connected to the second output interface 62 to connect to an external load or charging device through the second output interface 62.
  • the first circuit 51 includes five first electrode assemblies 12 connected in series.
  • the first power connection part 112 of the electrode assembly 12 is connected through a first bus component 30.
  • the two first electrode assemblies 12 located at the starting end and the end are respectively connected to the positive interface and the first output interface 61 through a first bus component 30.
  • the negative interface is connected to connect with an external load or charging device through the first output interface 61 .
  • the second circuit 52 is the same as the first circuit 51 and will not be described further here.
  • the number of battery cells 10 included in the battery 100 may be six, twelve, etc.
  • the plurality of first electrode assemblies 12 may be connected in series, parallel, or mixed
  • the plurality of second electrode assemblies 13 They can be connected in series, parallel or mixed.
  • the first circuit 51 and the second circuit 52 are arranged independently of each other, the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 can be allowed not to be in the charging state at the same time, thereby reducing the cost of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly.
  • the total expansion amount of 13 along the first direction X improves the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the first circuit 51 and the second circuit 52 are configured such that only one of them is in the charging state.
  • first output interface 61 and the second output interface 62 are connected to the charging device, and the other is in a power outage state or connected to an external load.
  • the first circuit 51 and the second circuit 52 are configured such that when one of them is in the charging state, the other is in the discharging state.
  • the other when one of the first circuit 51 and the second circuit 52 is in a charging state, the other is in a discharging state, so that one of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 is charged and expanded. , the other shrinks during discharge to provide expansion space for the electrode assembly that expands during charging, so that the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 have a smaller amount of expansion, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery 100 .
  • Some embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device, including a battery 100.
  • the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the electrical device of the present application also has better safety performance.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell 10 including a housing 111 , at least one first electrode assembly 12 , at least one second electrode assembly 13 , a first power connection part 112 and a second Power connection part 113. At least one electrode assembly and at least one second electrode assembly 13 are stacked along the first direction X, and the thickness direction of each electrode assembly also extends along the first direction X.
  • the housing 111 includes a housing 1113 with openings at both ends along the second direction Y and first and second end covers. The first and second end covers respectively cover the opening of the housing 1113 from both ends.
  • the first electrical energy connection The portion 112 is provided on the first end cover, and the second power connection portion 113 is provided on the second end cover.
  • the first electrode assembly 12 is connected to the first electric energy connection part 112, and the second electrode assembly 13 is connected to the second electric energy connection part 113. In this way, the charging and discharging states of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 can be independently controlled.
  • the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 alternately charge and discharge to make full use of the effective space inside the casing 111, reduce the internal expansion force of the battery cell 10, and improve the safety performance and cycle life of the battery cell 10.
  • the plurality of first electrode assemblies 12 can be disposed in a cohesive manner
  • the plurality of second electrode assemblies 13 can be disposed in a cohesive manner, that is, the first electrode assembly
  • the components 12 and the second electrode components 13 are arranged in sequence; it is also possible that at least one second electrode component 13 is provided between two adjacent first electrode components 12, that is, the first electrode components 12 and the second electrode components 13 are arranged in a staggered manner. , this arrangement enables the second electrode assembly 13 to effectively utilize the space released by the contraction of the two adjacent first electrode assemblies 12 and reduce the displacement of the second electrode assembly 13 along the first direction X.
  • the first end cover is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 1114
  • the second end cover is provided with a second pressure relief mechanism 1115.
  • the first power connection part 112 includes a first positive terminal 1121 and a first negative terminal 1122 spaced apart along the third direction Z.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 is elongated. Both ends of the mechanism 1114 may extend beyond the first positive terminal 1121 and the first negative terminal 1122 to increase the exhaust volume of the first pressure relief mechanism 1114.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 and the first power connection part 112 are arranged staggered, so that the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 faces the bottom of the second electrode assembly 13. When the battery cell 10 undergoes thermal runaway, the second electrode assembly 13 The discharged material can be ejected from the first pressure relief mechanism 1114 at the bottom, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10 .
  • the narrow side of the housing 1113 (i.e., the fifth wall 1118) is provided with a liquid injection hole 11181.
  • the liquid injection hole 11181 faces the first electrode assembly. 12 and the second electrode assembly 13.
  • the tooling fixture presses the fifth wall 1118 during liquid injection, and the sixth wall 1119 bears the pressure without crushing the first and second end caps placed laterally, and the liquid injection hole
  • the electrolyte injected by 11181 can quickly enter the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13, which improves the injection efficiency and shortens the injection time.
  • the busbar connected to the battery cell 10 is U-shaped, and the U-shaped opening faces the direction of the pressure relief mechanism to prevent the busbar from blocking the pressure relief mechanism and affecting the effective actuation of the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the bus component connected to the first power connection part 112 is the first bus component 30, and the bus component connected to the second power connection part 113 is the second bus component 40.
  • the first bus component 30 and the second bus component 40 are all U-shaped.
  • Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of the alternate charging and discharging process of battery cells according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the charging state of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 can be 100% SOC: 0% SOC, or 0% SOC: 100% SOC (SOC, state-of-charge, remaining capacity).
  • SOC state-of-charge, remaining capacity
  • the charging and discharging currents of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 are kept the same, and one of them is charging while the other is discharging, so as to ensure that the volume of the 100% SOC electrode assembly shrinks during discharging. The space is just right for the expansion of the electrode assembly at 0% SOC.
  • the battery cell 10 can alternately charge and discharge the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13, the possibility of the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 extruding the electrolyte inside due to simultaneous charging can be reduced, and thus The possibility of lithium precipitation in the first electrode assembly 12 and the second electrode assembly 13 is reduced, thereby improving the safety performance and service life of the battery cell 10 .

Abstract

一种电池单体（10）、电池（100）以及用电装置，电池单体（10），包括：外壳组件（11），包括第一电能连接部（112）和第二电能连接部（113）；至少一个第一电极组件（12）和至少一个第二电极组件（13），沿第一方向堆叠设置于外壳组件（11）的内部；其中，至少一个第一电极组件（12）与第一电能连接部（112）电连接，至少一个第二电极组件（13）与第二电能连接部（113）电连接。电池单体（10）在具有相等数量的电极组件的情况下具有较少的膨胀量，进而能够提高电池单体（10）的安全性能。

Description

电池单体、电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池制造技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车市场的持续繁荣，动力电池行业迅速扩产壮大，锂电池技术日益精进，对电池单体的安全性能、能量密度和工业化要求提出了越来越高的要求。
但是，电池单体的电极组件在充电过程中会发生膨胀，如果电池单体内部预留的空间有限，则会降低电池单体的安全性能。
发明内容
为此，本申请提出一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置，电池单体在具有相等数量的电极组件的情况下具有较少的膨胀量，进而能够提高电池单体的安全性能。
本申请第一方面实施例提出一种电池单体，包括：外壳组件，包括第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部；至少一个第一电极组件和至少一个第二电极组件，沿第一方向堆叠设置于所述外壳组件的内部；其中，所述至少一个第一电极组件与所述第一电能连接部电连接，所述至少一个第二电极组件与所述第二电能连接部电连接。
本申请实施例的电池单体中，由于第一电极组件和第二电极组件分别与不同的电能连接部连接，能够容许第一电极组件和第二电极组件中的一者充电并在第一方向上发生膨胀的同时，另一者对外供电并在第一方向上收缩或者维持于亏电状态，以降低第一电极组件和第二电极组件在第一方向上的总膨胀量，从而降低第一电极组件和第二电极组件由于电解液浸润不良而发生析锂的可能性，使电池单体具有较高的安全性能以及使用寿命。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述外壳组件还包括：外壳，所述至少一个第一电极组件和所述至少一个第二电极组件设置于所述外壳内，所述外壳包括第一壁和第二壁；其中，所述第一电能连接部设置于所述第一壁，所述第二电能连接部设置于所述第二壁。
在上述方案中，由于第一电能连接部设置于第一壁，第二电能连接部设置于第二壁，能够实现第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部分别位于电池单体相对或者相邻设置的两个侧壁，增大了第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部之间的距离，不仅合理利用了外壳的空间，具有足够的空间布置与第一电能连接部连接的汇流部件和与第二电能连接部连接的汇流部件，提高了电池单体与外部电连接的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一壁和所述第二壁沿第二方向相对设置，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
在上述方案中，第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部分别位于电池单体在第二方向上相对的两侧，能够使第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部之间具有较远的距离，进一步提高电池单体与外部电连接的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿所述第二方向，所述第一电能连接部在所述第二壁上的投影与所述第二电能连接部不重合。
在上述方案中，第一电能连接部在第二壁的投影与第二电能连接部不重合，即第一电能连接部与第二电能连接部并未设置于同一个电极组件的相对的两侧，能够降低该电极组件在充放电过程中发热而导致两个电能连接部的温度同时升高的可能性，降低该电极组件发生热失控时同时烧毁两个电能连接部的可能性，从而提高电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿所述第二方向，所述至少一个第一电极组件在所述第一壁上的投影覆盖所述第一电能连接部，所述至少一个第二电极组件在所述第二壁上的投影覆盖所述第二 电能连接部。
在上述方案中，第一电能连接部利用第一电极组件与外壳之间的间隙与第一电极组件电连接，第二电能连接部利用第二电极组件与外壳之间的间隙与第二电极组件电连接，不仅简化了每个电能连接部与对应的电极组件的电连接结构，而且能够为每个电极组件的远离对应的电能连接部的另一侧与外壳抵接，使电池单体结构紧凑，提高电池单体的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述电池单体包括：第一泄压机构，设置于所述第一壁；第二泄压机构，设置于所述第二壁。
在上述方案中，第一壁和第二壁分别设置有一个泄压机构，能够提高电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿所述第二方向，所述至少一个第二电极组件在所述第一壁上的投影覆盖所述第一泄压机构，所述至少一个第一电极组件在所述第一壁上的投影覆盖所述第二泄压机构。
在上述方案中，第二电极组件发生热失控时能够通过第一泄压机构致动来释放电池单体内部的温度及压力，第一电极组件发生热失控时能够通过第二泄压机构来释放电池单体内部的温度及压力，从而提高电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一电能连接部包括第一正极端子和第一负极端子，所述第二电能连接部包括第二正极端子和第二负极端子。
在上述方案中，第一电能连接部通过第一正极端子和第一负极端子来与外部电连接，第二电能连接部通过第二正极端子和第二负极端子来与外部电连接，能够降低第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部之间短接的可能性，从而提高电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一泄压机构不在所述第一正极端子和所述第一负极端子的连线上，所述第二泄压机构不在所述第二正极端子和所述第二负极端子的连线上。
在上述方案中，第一泄压机构不在第一正极端子和第二正极端子的连线上，能够容许第一泄压机构具有较大的外尺寸，从而在致动时能够快速泄放电池单体内部的温度及压力，第二泄压机构不在第二正极端子和第二正极端子的连线上，能够容许第二泄压机构具有较大的外尺寸，从而在致动时能够快速泄放电池单体内部的温度及压力，从而提高电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一泄压机构沿平行于所述第一正极端子和所述第一负极端子的连线的方向延伸，所述第一泄压机构的长度为L1，所述第一正极端子和所述第一负极端子之间的间距为P1，满足L1/P1≥0.3；所述第二泄压机构沿平行于所述第二正极端子和所述第二负极端子的连线的方向延伸，所述第二泄压机构的长度为L2，所述第二正极端子和所述第二负极端子之间的间距为P2，满足L2/P2≥0.3。
在上述方案中，第一泄压机构的长度L1与第一正极端子和第一负极端子之间的间距P1满足上述范围，第二泄压机构的长度L2与第二正极端子和第二负极端子之间的间距P2满足上述范围，使第一泄压机构和第二泄压机构在致动时有效泄放电池单体内部的温度及压力，从而提高电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，满足：L1/P1≥1，L2/P2≥1。
在上述方案中，第一泄压机构的长度L1与第一正极端子和第一负极端子之间的间距P1满足上述范围，第二泄压机构的长度L2与第二正极端子和第二负极端子之间的间距P2满足上述范围，能够进一步确保电池单体发生热失控时第一泄压机构和第二泄压机构快速泄放电池单体内部的温度及压力，从而提高电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述外壳包括沿所述第一方向相对设置的第三壁和第四壁以及沿第三方向相对设置的第五壁和第六壁，所述第三方向垂直于所述第一方向和所述第二方向，所述第五壁设置有注液孔。
在上述方案中，电池单体的注液孔设置于第五壁，而与第五壁相对设置的第六壁没有设置第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部，在电池单体的注液工序中，第六壁作为受力的侧壁，不会损伤第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部，从而在电池单体的注液工序中不会损伤电池单体的构造，提高了电池单体的组装过程中的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿所述第一方向，所述注液孔居中设置于所述第五壁。
在上述方案中，注液孔沿着第一方向设置于第五壁的中部，能够大致位于沿第一方向堆叠设置的第一电极组件和第二电极组件的中部，从而在注液时电解液能够快速浸润第一电极组件和第二电极组件，使电极组件浸润良好，提高了电池单体的注液速度，提高了电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述外壳包括：壳体，所述壳体具有第一开口和第二开口；第一端盖和第二端盖，所述第一端盖覆盖所述第一开口，所述第二端盖覆盖所述第二开口，所述第一壁为所述第一端盖，所述第二壁为所述第二端盖。
在上述方案中，第一端盖和第二端盖分别从壳体的两侧覆盖对应的开口，能够简化壳体的构造，且能够实现先将第一端盖与第一电能连接部组装，第二端盖与第二电能连接部组装，再将第一端盖和第二端盖与壳体组装，简化了电池单体的组装过程。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一电极组件和所述第二电极组件均呈扁平状，所述第一电极组件的厚度方向和所述第二电极组件的厚度方向平行于所述第一方向。
在上述方案中，第一电极组件和第二电极组件沿第一方向堆叠设置，第一电极组件的厚度方向和第二电极组件的厚度方向均沿第一方向延伸，由于电极组件的充电过程中在其厚度方向上的膨胀量相对于其他方向的膨胀量更为明显，通过在第一方向上降低第一电极组件和第二电极组件的总膨胀量，能够明显提高电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一电极组件的数量为多个，每个所述第一电极组件均与所述第一电能连接部连接，所述第二电极组件的数量为多个，每个所述第二电极组件均与所述第二电能连接部连接。
在上述方案中，第一电极组件和第二电极组件均为多个，能够提高第一电能连接部的输出功率和第二电能连接部的输出功率，从而提高电池单体的输出功率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一电极组件的数量和所述第二电极组件的数量相同。
在上述方案中，能够实现第一电能连接部的输出功率和第二电能连接部的输出功率相同，简化了电池单体串联、并联或者混联输出时总输出功率的计算过程。
本申请第二方面提出一种电池，包括箱体和多个本申请第一方面实施例所述的电池单体，多个所述电池单体设置于所述箱体内。
由于本申请第一方面实施例的电池单体的特性，本申请第二方面实施例的电池也具有较好的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述电池还包括：第一汇流部件，与所述第一电能连接部连接；第二汇流部件，与所述第二电能连接部连接。
在上述方案中，第一汇流部件与第一电能连接部连接，以将第一电极组件与外部电连接，第二汇流部件与第二电能连接部连接，以将第二电极组件与外部电连接，电池单体通过第一汇流部件和第二汇流部件实现与外部的电连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述电池单体为上述满足L1/P1≥1，L2/P2≥1的电池单体，所述第一汇流部件具有避让所述第一泄压机构的第一避让部，所述第二汇流部件具有避让所述第二泄压机构的第二避让部。
在上述方案中，由于第一避让部避让出第一泄压机构，第二避让部避让出第二泄压机构，能够使第一泄压机构和第二泄压机构的周围没有阻挡物，从而在电池单体发生热失控时可靠泄放电池单体内部的温度及压力，提高了电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一汇流部件和所述第二汇流部件均呈U形。
在上述方案中，U形的第一汇流部件和第二汇流部件构造简单，能够形成避让部，从而在两端与对应的电能连接部连接的同时可靠避让对应的泄压机构。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一汇流部件、所述第一电极组件和所述第一电能连接部构造成第一电路，所述第二汇流部件、所述第二电极组件和所述第二电能连接部构造成第二电路，所述第一电路和所述第二电路彼此独立设置。
在上述方案中，由于第一电路和第二电路彼此独立设置，能够容许第一电极组件和第二电极组件不同时处于充电状态，进而降低第一电极组件和第二电极组件沿着第一方向的总膨胀量，提高电池的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一电路和所述第二电路被配置为仅有一者处于充电状态。
在上述方案中，第一电路和第二电路中仅有一者处于充电状态，另一者可以维持于亏电状态或者处于放电状态，以降低第一电极组件和第二电极组件沿着第一方向的总膨胀量，提高电池的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一电路和所述第二电路被配置为其中一者处于充电状态时，另一者处于放电状态。
在上述方案中，第一电路和所述第二电路中的一者处于充电状态时，另一者处于放电状态，从而使第一电极组件和第二电极组件中的一者充电膨胀时，另一者放电收缩，以为充电膨胀的电极组件提供膨胀空间，从而使第一电极组件和第二电极组件具有较小的膨胀量，提高电池的能量密度。
本申请第三方面实施例提出一种用电装置，包括本申请第二方面是实施例所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
由于本申请第二方面实施例的电池的特性，本申请第三方面实施例的用电装置也具有较好的安全性能。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1示出的是本申请一实施例中的一种车辆的简易示意图；
图2示出的是图1中车辆的电池的结构示意图；
图3示出的是本申请的一些实施例的第一种形式的电池单体的结构示意图；
图4示出的是图3的A-A剖面图；
图5示出的是本申请的一些实施例中第二种形式的电池单体的内部结构图；
图6示出的是图4的B-B剖面图；
图7示出的是图4的C-C剖面图；
图8示出的是图3示出的电池单体的侧视视角的结构示意图；
图9示出的是图3示出的电池单体中第一电极组件与第一电能连接部的位置关系的示意 图；
图10示出的是图3示出的电池单体中第二电极组件与第二电能连接部的位置关系的示意图；
图11和图12示出的分别是本申请的一些实施例中第一泄压机构和第二泄压机构相关的结构示意图；
图13示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池单体中注液孔相关的结构示意图；
图14示出的是图13的D-D剖面图；
图15示出的是本申请的一些实施例的第三种电池单体的内部结构图；
图16示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池中多个电池单体的布置示意图；
图17示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池中电池单体的第一电能连接部与第一汇流部件连接的示意图；
图18出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池中电池单体的第二电能连接部与第二汇流部件连接的示意图；
图19示出的是图17的E处的局部放大图；
图20示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池的电路原理图；
图21示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的交替充放电的过程示意图；
上述附图未按比例提供。
图标：1000-车辆；100-电池；10-电池单体；11-外壳组件；111-外壳；1111-第一壁；1112-第二壁；1113-壳体；11131-第一开口；11132-第二开口；1114-第一泄压机构；11141-第一端；11142-第二端；1115-第二泄压机构；1116-第三壁；1117-第四壁；1118-第五壁；11181-注液孔；1119-第六壁；112-第一电能连接部；1121-第一正极端子；1122-第一负极端子；113-第二电能连接部；1131-第二正极端子；1132-第二负极端子；12-第一电极组件；13-第二电极组件；20-箱体；21-第一子箱体；22-第二子箱体；30-第一汇流部件；31-第一部分；32-第二部分；33-第三部分；34-第一避让部；40-第二汇流部件；51-第一电路；52-第二电路；61-第一输出接口；62-第二输出接口；200-控制器；300-马达；X-第一方向；Y-第二方向；Z-第三方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请的描述中需要说明的是除非另有明确的规定和限定术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的 普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：圆柱电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体，箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
多个电池单体之间通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体的串联、并联或者混联。具体而言，汇流部件连接于相邻设置的两个电池单体的两个极性相反的电极端子，以实现两个电池单体的串联；或者汇流部件连接于相邻设置的两个电池单体的同一极性的电极端子，以实现两个电池单体的并联；或者汇流部件连接于位于输出端的电极端子，以实现电池单体与外部输出接口的连接。
电池单体还包括泄压机构，泄压机构在电池单体内部压力达到阈值时致动。阈值设计根据设计需求不同而不同。阈值可能取决于电池单体的正极极片、负极极片、电解液和隔离膜中一种或几种的材料。泄压机构可以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏或温敏的元件或构造，即，当电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时，泄压机构执行动作或者泄压机构中设有的薄弱结构被破坏，从而形成可供内部压力或温度泄放的开口或通道。
本申请中所提到的“致动”是指泄压机构产生动作或被激活至一定的形态，从而使得电池单体的内部压力及温度得以被泄放。泄压机构产生的动作可以包括但不限于：泄压机构中的至少一部分破裂、破碎、被撕裂或者打开，等等。泄压机构在致动时，电池单体的内部的高温高压物质作为排放物会从开启的部位向外排出。以此方式能够在可控压力或温度的情况下使电池单体发生泄压及泄温，从而避免潜在的更严重的事故发生。
相关技术中，电池单体的充电过程中，电极组件会发生膨胀，挤占电极组件与电池单体的外壳内壁之间预留的空间。如果电池单体内部考虑其充电膨胀而预留的空间有限，电极组件将从内部挤压电池单体的外壳，不仅会导致外壳发生形变，还会导致电极组件受到外壳的反作用力而挤压出电极组件内部的电解液，致使电极组件电解液浸润不良，产生析锂、循环寿命变短等现象，严重降低电池单体的安全性能。
发明人经过研究发现，鉴于大多数电池单体内部包括沿某一方向堆叠设置的多个电极组件，电池单体的充电过程中，所有的电极组件同时发生膨胀，导致多个电极组件沿其堆叠方向的总膨胀量明显增大。如果能够将电池单体内部的多个电极组件划分为至少两组，使其中一组电极组件在充电的同时，另一组电极组件没有处于充电状态，也没有处于满电状态，则能够降低两组电极组件沿其堆叠方向的总膨胀量，进而克服上述缺陷，提高电池单体的安全性能。
基于上述思路，本申请的发明人提出一种新的技术方案，电池单体内部包括沿某一方向堆 叠设置的至少一个第一电极组件和至少一个第二电极组件，第一电极组件和第二电极组件分别与不同的电能连接部电连接，从而容许第一电极组件和第二电极组件中的一者处于充电状态时，另一者维持于亏电状态或者对外供电状态，降低了第一电极组件和第二电极组件沿其堆叠方向的总膨胀量，使电池单体具有较高的安全性能。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例描述的电池单体可以直接对用电装置供电，也可以通过并联或者串联的方式形成电池，以电池的形式对各种用电装置供电。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例中描述的使用电池单体或者电池所适用的用电装置可以为多种形式，例如，手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等，电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨。
本申请的实施例描述的电池单体以及电池不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的用电装置，还可以适用于所有使用电池单体以及电池的用电装置，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动汽车为例进行说明。
图1示出的是本申请一实施例中的一种车辆的简易示意图；图2示出的是图1中车辆的电池的结构示意图。
如图1所示，车辆1000的内部设置有电池100、控制器200和马达300，例如，在车辆1000的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池100。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。
在本申请的一些实施例中，电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300的供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在其他实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
其中，本申请的实施例所提到的电池100是指包括一个或多个电池单体10以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，电池100由多个电池单体10串联或者并联而成。
电池100包括多个电池单体10以及箱体20，多个电池单体10相互并联或串联或混联组合后实现高压输出，多个电池单体10组装后放置于箱体20的内部。
箱体20包括第一子箱体21和第二子箱体22，第一子箱体21和第二子箱体22相互盖合后形成电池腔，多个电池模块放置于电池腔内。多个电池单体10相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一子箱体21和第二子箱体22扣合后形成的箱体20内。
图3示出的是本申请的一些实施例的第一种形式的电池单体的结构示意图。
如图3所示，每个电池单体10包括外壳组件11和电极组件，外壳组件11包括外壳111和电能连接部，电极组件设置于外壳111的内部。
外壳111可为六面体形，也可为其他形状，且该外壳111内部形成容纳腔，用于容纳电极组件和电解液。外壳111可由金属材料制成，诸如铝、铝合金或者镀镍钢。电极组件设置于外壳111的内部，电极组件包括两个极性相反的极耳，电能连接部包括极性相反的两个电极端子，正极电极端子与电极组件的正极的极耳连接，负极电极端子与电极组件的负极的极耳连接。
在其他实施例中，电池单体10也可以为软包电池，通过铝塑膜材质的包装袋来封装电解液和电极组件。
图4示出的是图3的A-A剖面图；图5示出的是本申请的一些实施例中第二种形式的电池单体的内部结构图。
如图3和图4所示，本申请的一些实施例提出一种电池单体10，包括外壳组件11、至少一个第一电极组件12和至少一个第二电极组件13。外壳组件11包括第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113，至少一个第一电极组件12和至少一个第二电极组件13沿第一方向X堆叠设置于外壳组件11的内部。其中，至少一个第一电极组件12与第一电能连接部112电连接，至少一个第二电极组件13与第二电能连接部113电连接。
不同于常见的电池单体10之处在于，本申请实施例的电池单体10中的多个电极组件沿第一方向X堆叠设置且被划分为两组，第一组电极组件仅包括第一电极组件12，第二组电极组件仅包括第二电极组件13。电能连接部也设置有两个，分别为第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113，第一电能连接部112与第一组电极组件电连接，第二电能连接部113与第二组电能连接部电连接。
第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的规格、种类和数量可以相同，也可以不同；第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13可以为卷绕式结构，也可以叠片式结构；第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量可以均为一个或者多个，也可以是其中一者的数量为一个，另一者的数量为多个。
如图4所示，沿着第一方向X，第一组电极组件和第二电极组件13可以堆叠设置，即多个第一电极组件12贴合设置，多个第二电极组件13贴合设置，位于末端的第一电极组件12与位于首端的第二电极组件13贴合设置；如图5所示，第一组电极组件和第二电极组件13也可以交错布置，即一个第一电极组件12的两侧分别与两个第二电极组件13贴合设置，或者一个第二电极组件13的两侧分别与两个第一电极组件12贴合设置。
第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113用于独立地与外部电连接。第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113可以设置于外壳111的同一侧，也可以设置于外壳111的不同侧。第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113均包括正极连接部和负极连接部，正极连接部和负极连接部可以均为电极端子；也可以是负极连接部为外壳111的一部分，正极连接部为电极端子。
本申请实施例的电池单体10中，由于第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13分别与不同的电能连接部连接，能够容许第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13中的一者充电并在第一方向X上发生膨胀的同时，另一者对外供电并在第一方向X上收缩或者维持于亏电状态，以降低第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13在第一方向X上的总膨胀量，降低第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13由于电解液浸润不良而发生析锂的可能性，提高电池单体10的安全性能以及使用寿命。
如图3、图4和图5所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，外壳组件11还包括外壳111，至少一个第一电极组件12和至少一个第二电极组件13设置于外壳111内，外壳111包括第一壁1111和第二壁1112。其中，第一电能连接部112设置于第一壁1111，第二电能连接部113设置于第二壁1112。
第一壁1111和第二壁1112可以设置于外壳111的相邻的两侧，也可以设置于外壳111的相对的两侧。
图6示出的是图4的B-B剖面图；图7示出的是图4的C-C剖面图。
如图6和图7所示，外壳111包括壳体1113，第一壁1111和第二壁1112可以均为端盖且与壳体1113焊接连接；也可以是其中一者为壳体1113的底壁，另一者为端盖，端盖与壳体1113焊接。
第一电能连接部112设置于第一壁1111的形式和第二电能连接部113设置于第二壁1112的形式相同。如图6所示，以第一电能连接部112设置于第一壁1111为例，第一壁1111开设有两个电极引出孔，第一电能连接部112包括第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122，第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122分别绝缘设置于两个电极引出孔，第一正极端子1121的一端与第一电极组件12的正极极耳连接，另一端暴露出第一壁1111，第一负极端子1122的一端与第一电极组件12的负极极耳连接，另一端暴露出第一壁1111。如图7所示，第二电能连接部113包括第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132，第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132均设置于第二壁1112，在此不进一步赘述。
在上述方案中，由于第一电能连接部112设置于第一壁1111，第二电能连接部113设置于第二壁1112，增大了第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113之间的距离，不仅合理利用了外壳111的空间，具有足够的空间布置与第一电能连接部112连接的汇流部件和与第二电能连接部113连接的汇流部件，提高了电池单体10与外部电连接的安全性。
如图4和图7所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一壁1111和第二壁1112沿第二方向Y相对设置，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X。
基于前述的外壳111为六面体的实施方式，外壳111的长度方向沿第二方向Y延伸，即第一壁1111和第二壁1112分别设置于外壳111的长度方向的相对的两侧。第一方向X可以为电池单体10的厚度方向，也可以为电池单体10的宽度方向。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一壁1111和第二壁1112的厚度方向均沿第二方向Y延伸；在其他实施例中，第一壁1111和第二壁1112的厚度方向也可以沿与第一方向X倾斜设置的其他方向延伸。
在上述方案中，第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113分别位于电池单体10在第二方向Y上相对的两侧，能够使第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113之间具有较远的距离，进一步提高电池单体10与外部电连接的安全性。
图8示出的是图3示出的电池单体的侧视视角的结构示意图。
如图3和图8所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，沿着第二方向Y，第一电能连接部112在第二壁1112上的投影与第二电能连接部113不重合。
也就是说，在XZ平面上，第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113的投影不重合，即第一正极端子1121和第二正极端子1131在XZ平面上的投影与第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132不重合。
在上述方案中，第一电能连接部112在第二壁1112的投影与第二电能连接部113不重合，即第一电能连接部112与第二电能连接部113并未设置于同一个电极组件的相对的两侧，能够降低该电极组件在充放电过程中发热而导致两个电能连接部的温度同时升高的可能性，降低该电极组件发生热失控时同时烧毁两个电能连接部的可能性，从而提高电池单体10的安全性能。
在其他实施例中，第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113可以均设置于第一壁1111，或者，第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113在XZ平面上的投影是重合的。
图9示出的是图3示出的电池单体中第一电极组件与第一电能连接部的位置关系的示意图；图10示出的是图3示出的电池单体中第二电极组件与第二电能连接部的位置关系的示意图。
如图9和图10所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，沿第二方向Y，至少一个第一电极组件12在第一壁1111上的投影覆盖第一电能连接部112，至少一个第二电极组件13在第二壁1112上的投影覆盖第二电能连接部113。
也就是说，在XZ平面上，至少一个第一电极组件12的投影覆盖第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122的投影，至少一个第二电极组件13的投影覆盖第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132的投影。
基于前述的第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量均为一个的实施方式，在XZ平面上，第一电极组件12的投影覆盖第一电能连接部112的投影，第二电极组件13的投影覆盖第二电能连接部113的投影。基于前述的第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量均为多个的实施方式，在XZ平面上，如图9所示，可以是多个第一电极组件12的投影共同覆盖第一电能连接部112的投影，如图10所示多个第二电极组件13的投影共同覆盖第二电能连接部113的投影；也可以是多个第一电极组件12中的一者覆盖第一电能连接部112的投影，多个第二电极组件13中的一者覆盖第二电能连接部113的投影。
在上述方案中，第一电能连接部112利用第一电极组件12与外壳111之间的间隙与第一电极组件12电连接，第二电能连接部113利用第二电极组件13与外壳111之间的间隙与第二电极组 件13电连接，不仅简化了每个电能连接部与对应的电极组件的电连接结构，而且能够为每个电极组件的远离对应的电能连接部的另一侧与外壳111抵接，使电池单体10结构紧凑，提高电池单体10的能量密度。
如图9和图10所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，电池单体10包括第一泄压机构1114和第二泄压机构1115，第一泄压机构1114设置于所述第一壁1111，第二泄压机构1115设置于第二壁1112。
第一泄压机构1114可以为第一壁1111的薄弱结构，也可以是第一壁1111设有泄压孔，第一泄压机构1114设置于泄压孔；第二泄压机构1115可以为第二壁1112的薄弱结构，也可以是第二壁1112设有泄压孔，第二泄压机构1115设置于泄压孔。第一泄压机构1114和第二泄压机构1115的形状可以为圆形、椭圆形、方形、长条形等等。
在XZ平面上，第一泄压机构1114和第二泄压机构1115的投影可以重合，也可以不重合。
在上述方案中，第一壁1111和第二壁1112分别设置有一个泄压机构，能够提高电池单体10的安全性能。
在其他实施例中，电池单体10也可以仅包括一个泄压机构，泄压机构设置于第一壁1111、第二壁1112或者外壳111的其他侧壁。
如图9和图10所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，沿第二方向Y，至少一个第二电极组件13在第一壁1111上的投影覆盖第一泄压机构1114，至少一个第一电极组件12在第一壁1111上的投影覆盖第二泄压机构1115。
以第二电极组件13与第一泄压机构1114为例，沿着第二方向Y，第二电极组件13的面向第二壁1112的一侧布置有极耳，以与设置于第二壁1112的第二电能连接部113连接，另一侧与第一壁1111之间近似无间隙，第一泄压机构1114对应第二电极组件13的面向第一壁1111的一侧，以在第一电极组件12发生热失控时及时泄放第一电极组件12的温度及压力。
基于前述的第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量均为一个的实施方式，在XZ平面上，第二电极组件13在第一壁1111上的投影覆盖第一泄压机构1114，第一电极组件12在第一壁1111上的投影覆盖第二泄压机构1115；基于前述的第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量均为多个的实施方式，在XZ平面上，可以是多个第一电极组件12的投影共同覆盖第一泄压机构1114的投影，多个第二电极组件13的投影共同覆盖第二泄压机构1115的投影，也可以是多个第一电极组件12中的一者覆盖第一泄压机构1114的投影，多个第二电极组件13中的一者覆盖第二泄压机构1115的投影。
在上述方案中，第二电极组件13发生热失控时能够通过第一泄压机构1114致动来释放电池单体10内部的温度及压力，第一电极组件12发生热失控时能够通过第二泄压机构1115来释放电池单体10内部的温度及压力，从而提高电池单体10的安全性能。
如图9和图10所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一电能连接部112包括第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122，第二电能连接部113包括第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132。
基于前述的第一泄压机构1114设置于第一壁1111，第二泄压机构1115设置于第二壁1112的实施方式，第一泄压机构1114、第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122均设置于第一壁1111，第二泄压机构1115、第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132均设置于第二壁1112。
在上述方案中，第一电能连接部112通过第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122来与外部电连接，第二电能连接部113通过第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132来与外部电连接，能够降低第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113之间短接的可能性，从而提高电池单体10的安全性能。
图11和图12示出的分别是本申请的一些实施例中第一泄压机构和第二泄压机构相关的结构示意图。
如图11和图12所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一泄压机构1114不在第一正极端子 1121和第一负极端子1122的连线上，第二泄压机构1115不在第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132的连线上。
第一正极端子1121的中心和第一负极端子1122的中心的连线定义为第一连线S1，第二正极端子1131的中心和第二负极端子1132的中心的连线定义为第二连线S2。
如图11所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一连线S1沿第三方向Z延伸，第一泄压机构1114位于第一连线S1沿着第一方向X的一侧，沿着第一方向X，第一泄压机构1114和第一电能连接部112大致均匀设置于第一壁1111；如图12所示，第二连线S2沿第三方向Z延伸，第二泄压机构1115位于第二连线S1沿着第二方向Y的一侧，第二泄压机构1115和第二电能连接部113大致设置于第二壁1112。在其他实施例中，第一连线S1和第二连线S2也可以沿着其他方向延伸。例如，第一壁1111为方形，第一连线S1沿着第一壁1111的一条对角线延伸，第一泄压机构1114位于第二壁1112由第一连线S1划分出的部分；第二壁1112为方形，第二连线S2沿着第二壁1112的一条对角线延伸，第二泄压机构1115位于第二壁1112由第二连线S2划分出的部分。
沿着第三方向Z，第一泄压机构1114可以全部位于第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122之间，也可以至少一端超出第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122之外，第二泄压机构1115可以全部位于第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132之间，也可以至少一端超出第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132之外。
在上述方案中，第一泄压机构1114不在第一正极端子1121和第二正极端子1131的连线上，能够容许第一泄压机构1114具有较大的外尺寸，从而在致动时能够快速泄放电池单体10内部的温度及压力，第二泄压机构1115不在第二正极端子1131和第二正极端子1131的连线上，能够容许第二泄压机构1115具有较大的外尺寸，从而在致动时能够快速泄放电池单体10内部的温度及压力，从而提高电池单体10的安全性能。
如图11和图11所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一泄压机构1114沿平行于第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122的连线(即第一连线S1)的方向延伸，第一泄压机构1114的长度为L1，第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122之间的间距为P1，满足L1/P1≥0.3；第二泄压机构1115沿平行于第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132的连线(即第二连线S2)的方向延伸，第二泄压机构1115的长度为L2，第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132之间的间距为P2，满足L2/P2≥0.3。
基于前述的第一连线S1和第二连线S2均沿第三方向Z延伸的实施方式，第一泄压机构1114的长度方向和第二泄压机构1115的长度方向均沿第三方向Z延伸。
沿着第三方向Z，第一泄压机构1114的中部可以位于第一连线S1的中点，也可以位于第一连线S1的中点的一侧；第二泄压机构1115的中部可以位于第二连线S2的中点，也可以位于第二连线S2的中点的一侧。沿着第三方向Z，第一泄压机构1114的端部可以超出第一连线S1的端部，也可以位于第一连线S1的范围；第二泄压机构1115的端部可以超出第二连线S2的端部，也可以位于第二连线S2的范围。
在上述方案中，第一泄压机构1114的长度L1与第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122之间的间距P1满足上述范围，第二泄压机构1115的长度L2与第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132之间的间距P2满足上述范围，使第一泄压机构1114和第二泄压机构1115在致动时有效泄放电池单体10内部的温度及压力，从而提高电池单体10的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，满足L1/P1≥1，L2/P2≥1。
如图11和图12所示，沿着第一连线S1的延伸方向，第一泄压机构1114的两端均超出第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122，即均位于第一连线S1的范围之外；沿着第二连线S2的延伸方向，第二泄压机构1115的两端均超出第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子1132，即均位于第二连线S2的范围之外。
在上述方案中，第一泄压机构1114的长度L1与第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122之间的间距P1满足上述范围，第二泄压机构1115的长度L2与第二正极端子1131和第二负极端子 1132之间的间距P2满足上述范围，能够进一步确保电池单体10发生热失控时第一泄压机构1114和第二泄压机构1115快速泄放电池单体10内部的温度及压力，从而提高电池单体10的安全性能。
图13示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池单体中注液孔相关的结构示意图；图14示出的是图13的D-D剖面图。
如图13和图14所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，外壳111包括沿所述第一方向X相对设置的第三壁1116和第四壁1117以及沿第三方向Z相对设置的第五壁1118和第六壁1119，第三方向Z垂直于第一方向X和第二方向Y，第五壁1118设置有注液孔11181。
电池单体10为方壳电池，电极组件的厚度方向可以沿第一方向X或者第三方向Z延伸，第一壁1111和第二壁1112分别位于电极组件沿着第二方向Y相对的两侧，注液孔11181开设于外壳111的连接第一壁1111和第二壁1112的其他侧壁。
注液孔11181可以设置于第五壁1118的中心，也可以偏离第五壁1118的中心设置。
在上述方案中，电池单体10的注液孔11181设置于第五壁1118，而与第五壁1118相对设置的第六壁1119没有设置第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113，在电池单体10的注液工序中，第六壁1119作为受力的侧壁，不会损伤第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113，从而在电池单体10的注液工序中不会损伤电池单体10的构造，提高了电池单体10的组装过程中的安全性能。
在其他实施例中，基于电池单体10为圆柱形的实施方式，第一壁1111和第二壁1112沿外壳111的沿其中心轴线的两侧相对设置，侧壁呈两端开口的圆筒状，侧壁连接第一壁1111和第二壁1112，注液孔11181开设于侧壁。
如图14所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，沿第一方向X，注液孔11181居中设置于第五壁1118。
沿着第二方向Y，注液孔11181可以居中设置于第五壁1118，也可以偏离第五壁1118的中部设置。
在上述方案中，注液孔11181沿着第一方向X设置于第五壁1118的中部，能够大致位于沿第一方向X堆叠设置的第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的中部，从而在注液时电解液能够快速浸润第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13，使电极组件浸润良好，提高了电池单体10的注液速度，提高了电池单体10的安全性能。
如图3、图4和图7所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，外壳111包括壳体1113、第一端盖和第二端盖，壳体1113具有第一开口11131和第二开口11132，第一端盖覆盖第一开口11131，第二端盖覆盖第二开口11132，第一壁1111为第一端盖，第二壁1112为第二端盖。
基于前述的电池单体10为方壳电池的实施方式，第一端盖和第二端盖均为方形，壳体1113为两端开口的方形的筒状结构；基于前述的电池单体10为圆柱电池的实施方式，第一端盖和第二端盖均为圆形或者椭圆形，壳体1113为两端开口的圆筒状结构或者椭圆筒状结构。
第一端盖和第二端盖可以为同样的结构，也可以为不同的结构。
在上述方案中，第一端盖和第二端盖分别从壳体1113的两侧覆盖对应的开口，能够简化壳体1113的构造，且能够实现先将第一端盖与第一电能连接部112组装，第二端盖与第二电能连接部113组装，再将第一端盖和第二端盖与壳体1113组装，简化了电池单体10的组装过程。
如图14所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13均呈扁平状，第一电极组件12的厚度方向和第二电极组件13的厚度方向平行于第一方向X。
第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的厚度可以相同，也可以不同。
基于前述的第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13为卷绕式结构的实施方式，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的卷绕轴线均沿第二方向Y延伸；基于前述的第一电极组件12和第二电极 组件13为叠片式结构的实施方式，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的极片均沿第一方向X层叠设置。
在上述方案中，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13沿第一方向X堆叠设置，第一电极组件12的厚度方向和第二电极组件13的厚度方向均沿第一方向X延伸，由于电极组件的充电过程中在其厚度方向上的膨胀量相对于其他方向的膨胀量更为明显，通过在第一方向X上降低第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的总膨胀量，能够明显提高电池单体10的安全性能。
如图14所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一电极组件12的数量为多个，每个第一电极组件12均与第一电能连接部112连接，第二电极组件13的数量为多个，每个第二电极组件13均与第二电能连接部113连接。
例如，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量均为两个、三个或者四个；再例如，第一电极组件12的数量为两个，第二电极组件13的数量为三个；再例如，第一电极组件12的数量为三个，第二电极组件13的数量为两个等。
在上述方案中，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13均为多个，能够提高第一电能连接部112的输出功率和第二电能连接部113的输出功率，从而提高电池单体10的输出功率。
图15示出的是本申请的一些实施例的第三种电池单体的内部结构图。
如图15所示，在其他实施例中，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量均为一个，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13沿第一方向X堆叠设置，第一电极组件12与设置于第一壁1111的第一电能连接部112连接，第二电极组件13与设置于第二壁1112的第二电能连接部113连接。
如图14和图15所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一电极组件12的数量和第二电极组件13的数量相同。
例如，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量可以均为一个、两个或者三个等等。
在上述方案中，能够实现第一电能连接部112的输出功率和第二电能连接部113的输出功率相同，简化了电池单体10串联、并联或者混联输出时总输出功率的计算过程。
图16示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池中多个电池单体的布置示意图。
如图2和图16所示，本申请的一些实施例提出一种电池100，包括箱体20和多个电池单体10，多个电池单体10设置于箱体20内。
如图16所示，多个电池单体10可以沿第一方向X堆叠设置，多个电池单体10的第一电能连接部112同侧布置，第二电能连接部113同侧布置。沿着第二方向Y，电池单体10布置有至少一列。
由于本申请实施例的电池单体10的特性，本申请实施例的电池100也具有较好的安全性能。
图17示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池中电池单体的第一电能连接部与第一汇流部件连接的示意图；图18出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池中电池单体的第二电能连接部与第二汇流部件连接的示意图。
如图17和图18所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，电池100还包括第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40，第一汇流部件30与第一电能连接部112连接，第二汇流部件40与第二电能连接部113连接。
如图17所示，以其中一个电池单体10为例，第一正极端子1121通过一个第一汇流部件30与相邻的电池单体10的第一电能连接部112连接，第一负极端子1122通过另一个第一汇流部件30与另一个相邻的电池单体10的第一电能连接部112连接；如图18所示，第二正极端子1131通过一个第二汇流部件40与相邻的电池单体10的第一电能连接部112连接，第二负极端子1132通过另一个第二汇流部件40与另一个相邻的电池单体10的第一电能连接部112连接。
可以理解的是，第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40不仅可以连接相邻的两个电池单体 10，也可以将位于端部的电池单体10与外部输出接口电连接。
第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40的构造可以相同，也可以不同。在本申请的一些实施例中，第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40构造相同，第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40的厚度方向均沿第二方向Y延伸，第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40可以为大致为方形的薄板结构，也可以为大致为长条形的薄板结构。
在上述方案中，第一汇流部件30与第一电能连接部112连接，以将第一电极组件12与外部电连接，第二汇流部件40与第二电能连接部113连接，以将第二电极组件13与外部电连接，电池单体10通过第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40实现与外部的电连接。
图19示出的是图17的E处的局部放大图。
如图17、图18和图10所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，电池单体10满足L1/P1≥1，L2/P2≥1，第一汇流部件30具有避让第一泄压机构1114的第一避让部34，第二汇流部件40具有避让第二泄压机构1115的第二避让部(图中没有示出)。
也就是说，在XZ平面上，第一泄压机构1114的投影与第一汇流部件30的投影不重合，第二泄压机构1115的投影与第二汇流部件40的投影不重合。
汇流部件形成避让部的方式有多种，以第一汇流部件30为例，第一汇流部件30可以通过弯折的形式形成第一避让部34，以避让出第一泄压机构1114，也可以是开设有通孔，通孔形成第一避让部34。
在上述方案中，由于第一避让部34避让出第一泄压机构1114，第二避让部避让出第二泄压机构1115，能够使第一泄压机构1114和第二泄压机构1115的周围没有阻挡物，从而在电池单体10发生热失控时可靠泄放电池单体10内部的温度及压力，提高了电池单体10的安全性能。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40均呈U形。
如图17和图19所示，以第一汇流部件30为例，第一汇流部件30包括依次连接的第一部分31、第二部分32和第三部分33，第二部分32的长度方向沿第一方向X延伸，第一部分31和第三部分33均沿第三部分33延伸且位于第二部分32的同一侧，第一部分31、第二部分32和第三部分33共同形成U形的第一汇流部件30，U形的凹部构造成第一避让部34。沿着第三方向Z，第一泄压机构1114的两端分别为第一端11141和第二端11142，一个第一汇流部件30从第一端11141连接一个电池单体10与一侧相邻的电池单体10，其第一避让部34避让第一端11141，另一个第一汇流部件30从第二端11142连接一个电池单体10与另一侧相邻的电池单体10，其第一避让部34避让第二端11142。
在上述方案中，U形的第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40构造简单，能够形成避让部，从而在两端与对应的电能连接部连接的同时可靠避让对应的泄压机构。
图20示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池的电路原理图。
如图20所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一汇流部件30、第一电极组件12和第一电能连接部112构造成第一电路51，第二汇流部件40、第二电极组件13和第二电能连接部113构造成第二电路52，第一电路51和第二电路52彼此独立设置。
第一电路51包括第一输出接口61，位于起始端和末端的两个第一汇流部件30与第一输出接口61连接，以通过第一输出接口61与外部负载或者充电装置连接；第二电路52包括第二输出接口62，位于起始端和末端的两个第二汇流部件40与第二输出接口62连接，以通过第二输出接口62与外部负载或者充电装置连接。
如图20所示，以电池100包括沿第一方向X堆叠设置的五个电池单体10为例，第一电路51包括五个串联连接的第一电极组件12，相邻的两个第一电极组件12的第一电能连接部112通过一个第一汇流部件30连接，位于起始端和末端的两个第一电极组件12分别通过一个第一汇流部件30与第一输出接口61的正极接口和负极接口连接，以通过第一输出接口61与外部负载或者充电装置连接。第二电路52与第一电路51相同，在此不进一步赘述。
在其他实施例中，电池100所包括的电池单体10可以为六个、十二个等等，多个第一电极组件12之间可以串联、并联或者混联，多个第二电极组件13之间可以串联、并联或者混联。
在上述方案中，由于第一电路51和第二电路52彼此独立设置，能够容许第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13不同时处于充电状态，进而降低第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13沿着第一方向X的总膨胀量，提高电池100的安全性能。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一电路51和第二电路52被配置为仅有一者处于充电状态。
也就是说，第一输出接口61和第二输出接口62中仅有一者与充电装置连接，另一者处于亏电状态或者与外部负载连接。
在上述方案中，第一电路51和第二电路52中仅有一者处于充电状态，另一者可以维持于亏电状态或者处于放电状态，以降低第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13沿着第一方向X的总膨胀量，提高电池100的安全性能。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一电路51和第二电路52被配置为其中一者处于充电状态时，另一者处于放电状态。
在上述方案中，第一电路51和第二电路52中的一者处于充电状态时，另一者处于放电状态，从而使第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13中的一者充电膨胀时，另一者放电收缩，以为充电膨胀的电极组件提供膨胀空间，从而使第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13具有较小的膨胀量，提高电池100的能量密度。
本申请的一些实施例提出一种用电装置，包括电池100，电池100用于提供电能。
由于本申请实施例的电池100的特性，本申请的用电装置也具有较好的安全性能。
如图1至图19，本申请的一些实施例提出一种电池单体10，包括外壳111、至少一个第一电极组件12、至少一个第二电极组件13、第一电能连接部112和第二电能连接部113。至少一个电极组件和至少一个第二电极组件13沿第一方向X堆叠设置，每个电极组件的厚度方向也沿第一方向X延伸。外壳111包括沿第二方向Y两端开口的壳体1113以及第一端盖和第二端盖，第一端盖和第二端盖分别从两端覆盖壳体1113的开口，第一电能连接部112设置于第一端盖，第二电能连接部113设置于第二端盖。第一电极组件12与第一电能连接部112连接，第二电极组件13与第二电能连接部113连接，这样就可以独立控制第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的充放电状态，通过第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13交替充放电来充分利用外壳111内部的有效空间，降低电池单体10内部膨胀力，提高电池单体10的安全性能和循环寿命。
其中，当第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的数量均为多个时，多个第一电极组件12可以贴合设置，多个第二电极组件13可以贴合设置，即第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13依次布置；也可以是相邻的两个第一电极组件12之间设置有至少一个第二电极组件13，即第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13交错布置，这种布置形式能够使第二电极组件13有效利用相邻的两个第一电极组件12收缩释放的空间，减少第二电极组件13沿第一方向X的位移量。
其中，第一端盖设有第一泄压机构1114，第二端盖设有第二泄压机构1115。以第一端盖为例，第一电能连接部112包括沿第三方向Z间隔设置的第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122，第一泄压机构1114呈长条形，第一泄压机构1114的两端可以超出第一正极端子1121和第一负极端子1122，以增加第一泄压机构1114的排气量。且第一泄压机构1114与第一电能连接部112错开布置，使第一泄压机构1114对着第二电极组件13的底部，当电池单体10发生热失控时，第二电极组件13的泄放物可以从底部的第一泄压机构1114喷出，提高电池单体10的安全性能。
壳体1113的窄侧面(即第五壁1118)设有注液孔11181，对于第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13均设置有一个的实施方式，注液孔11181正对第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13之间。通过该种布置形式，在注液时工装夹具施压于第五壁1118，第六壁1119承受压力，而不会压伤侧向放置的第一端盖和第二端盖，且注液孔11181注入的电解液可以快速进入第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13，提高了注液效率，缩短了注液时间。
其中，与电池单体10连接的汇流部件呈U形，U形的开口面向泄压机构的方向，以防止汇流部件遮挡泄压机构，影响泄压机构有效致动。具体而言，与第一电能连接部112连接的汇流部件为第一汇流部件30，与第二电能连接部113连接的汇流部件为第二汇流部件40，第一汇流部件30和第二汇流部件40均呈U形。
图21示出的是本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的交替充放电的过程示意图。
如图20和图21所示，该电池单体10的使用过程中，第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的带电状态可以为100％SOC:0％SOC,或者O％SOC：100％SOC(SOC，state-of-charge，剩余容量)。使用时，保持第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13的充放电电流相同，其中一者在充电的同时，另一者在放电，以保证100％SOC的电极组件在放电的时候体积收缩的空间正好为0％SOC的电极组件的膨胀提供空间。由于电池单体10可以进行第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13交替充放电，能够降低第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13由于同时充电而挤出内部的电解液的可能性，进而降低第一电极组件12和第二电极组件13析锂的可能性，进而提高了电池单体10的安全性能和使用寿命。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    外壳组件，包括第一电能连接部和第二电能连接部；
    至少一个第一电极组件和至少一个第二电极组件，沿第一方向堆叠设置于所述外壳组件的内部；
    其中，所述至少一个第一电极组件与所述第一电能连接部电连接，所述至少一个第二电极组件与所述第二电能连接部电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述外壳组件还包括：
    外壳，所述至少一个第一电极组件和所述至少一个第二电极组件设置于所述外壳内，所述外壳包括第一壁和第二壁；
    其中，所述第一电能连接部设置于所述第一壁，所述第二电能连接部设置于所述第二壁。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一壁和所述第二壁沿第二方向相对设置，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第二方向，所述第一电能连接部在所述第二壁上的投影与所述第二电能连接部不重合。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第二方向，所述至少一个第一电极组件在所述第一壁上的投影覆盖所述第一电能连接部，所述至少一个第二电极组件在所述第二壁上的投影覆盖所述第二电能连接部。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体包括：
    第一泄压机构，设置于所述第一壁；
    第二泄压机构，设置于所述第二壁。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第二方向，所述至少一个第二电极组件在所述第一壁上的投影覆盖所述第一泄压机构，所述至少一个第一电极组件在所述第一壁上的投影覆盖所述第二泄压机构。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电能连接部包括第一正极端子和第一负极端子，所述第二电能连接部包括第二正极端子和第二负极端子。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一泄压机构不在所述第一正极端子和所述第一负极端子的连线上，所述第二泄压机构不在所述第二正极端子和所述第二负极端子的连线上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一泄压机构沿平行于所述第一正极端子和所述第一负极端子的连线的方向延伸，所述第一泄压机构的长度为L1，所述第一正极端子和所述第一负极端子之间的间距为P1，满足L1/P1≥0.3；
    所述第二泄压机构沿平行于所述第二正极端子和所述第二负极端子的连线的方向延伸，所述第二泄压机构的长度为L2，所述第二正极端子和所述第二负极端子之间的间距为P2，满足L2/P2≥0.3。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池单体，其中，满足：
    L1/P1≥1，L2/P2≥1。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述外壳包括沿所述第一方向相对设置的第三壁和第四壁以及沿第三方向相对设置的第五壁和第六壁，所述第三方向垂直于所述第一方向和所述第二方向，所述第五壁设置有注液孔。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第一方向，所述注液孔居中设置于所述第五壁。
  14. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述外壳包括：
    壳体，所述壳体具有第一开口和第二开口；
    第一端盖和第二端盖，所述第一端盖覆盖所述第一开口，所述第二端盖覆盖所述第二开口，所述第一壁为所述第一端盖，所述第二壁为所述第二端盖。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电极组件和所述第二电极组件均呈扁平状，所述第一电极组件的厚度方向和所述第二电极组件的厚度方向平行于所述第一方向。
  16. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电极组件的数量为多个，每个 所述第一电极组件均与所述第一电能连接部连接，所述第二电极组件的数量为多个，每个所述第二电极组件均与所述第二电能连接部连接。
  17. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电极组件的数量和所述第二电极组件的数量相同。
  18. 一种电池，其中，包括箱体和多个如权利要求1-17任一项所述的电池单体，多个所述电池单体设置于所述箱体内。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括：
    第一汇流部件，与所述第一电能连接部连接；
    第二汇流部件，与所述第二电能连接部连接。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电池，其中，所述电池单体为如权利要求11所述的电池单体，所述第一汇流部件具有避让所述第一泄压机构的第一避让部，所述第二汇流部件具有避让所述第二泄压机构的第二避让部。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的电池，其中，所述第一汇流部件和所述第二汇流部件均呈U形。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的电池，其中，所述第一汇流部件、所述第一电极组件和所述第一电能连接部构造成第一电路，所述第二汇流部件、所述第二电极组件和所述第二电能连接部构造成第二电路，所述第一电路和所述第二电路彼此独立设置。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电池，其中，所述第一电路和所述第二电路被配置为仅有一者处于充电状态。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的电池，其中，所述第一电路和所述第二电路被配置为其中一者处于充电状态时，另一者处于放电状态。
  25. 一种用电装置，其中，包括如权利要求18-24任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/096361 2022-05-31 2022-05-31 电池单体、电池以及用电装置 WO2023230880A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018049738A (ja) * 2016-09-21 2018-03-29 株式会社豊田自動織機 蓄電装置
CN208352420U (zh) * 2018-06-13 2019-01-08 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 一种多极耳电芯、多端子电池及电池模组
CN110364675A (zh) * 2019-06-21 2019-10-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 单体电池、动力电池包和车辆
CN112786792A (zh) * 2019-11-01 2021-05-11 Sk新技术株式会社 电池模块

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018049738A (ja) * 2016-09-21 2018-03-29 株式会社豊田自動織機 蓄電装置
CN208352420U (zh) * 2018-06-13 2019-01-08 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 一种多极耳电芯、多端子电池及电池模组
CN110364675A (zh) * 2019-06-21 2019-10-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 单体电池、动力电池包和车辆
CN112786792A (zh) * 2019-11-01 2021-05-11 Sk新技术株式会社 电池模块

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