WO2023185691A1 - 水冷板组件、水冷系统、电池及其箱体以及用电装置 - Google Patents

水冷板组件、水冷系统、电池及其箱体以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023185691A1
WO2023185691A1 PCT/CN2023/083843 CN2023083843W WO2023185691A1 WO 2023185691 A1 WO2023185691 A1 WO 2023185691A1 CN 2023083843 W CN2023083843 W CN 2023083843W WO 2023185691 A1 WO2023185691 A1 WO 2023185691A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
water
cooling channel
channel group
current collector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/083843
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋飞亭
侯跃攀
黄小腾
周聪
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020247012378A priority Critical patent/KR20240055134A/ko
Publication of WO2023185691A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023185691A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a water-cooling plate assembly, a water-cooling system, a battery and its box, and an electrical device.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art.
  • one purpose of the present application is to propose a water-cooling plate assembly to improve the cooling effect of the battery cells in the battery.
  • An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a water-cooled plate assembly, including: a harmonica tube plate, in which a plurality of cooling channels extending along the length direction of the harmonica tube plate are formed, and the plurality of cooling channels are formed along the length direction of the harmonica tube plate. arranged in parallel in the width direction for cooling liquid to flow through; the first current collector is arranged at the first end of the harmonica tube plate in the length direction and forms a first current collector space connected to one end port of the plurality of cooling channels; The collector is respectively formed with a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet on both sides in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate for cooling liquid to flow into and out of the first collector space; and a second collector is arranged on the harmonica tube plate.
  • the other end port of the cooling channel is connected to a second collecting space, and the second collecting space is respectively formed with a second liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet for the cooling liquid to flow into and out of the second collecting space on both sides in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate.
  • Second liquid outlet is respectively formed with a second liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet for the cooling liquid to flow into and out of the second collecting space on both sides in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate.
  • the harmonica tube plates of multiple water-cooling plate assemblies are allowed to be assembled parallel to each other and at intervals.
  • the battery cell including the battery core can be placed between two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies arranged in parallel and spaced apart to achieve cooling of both sides of the battery cell. This setting can improve the cooling efficiency of the battery cells and achieve a balanced cooling effect on the top and bottom of the battery cells.
  • the plurality of cooling channels includes a plurality of cooling channel groups arranged along the width direction of the harmonica tube plate, and each of the plurality of cooling channel groups includes at least one cooling channel; wherein the first set The fluid includes a first separator disposed in the first collecting space, the second current collecting space includes a second separator disposed in the second collecting space, the first separator and the second separator are configured to allow a plurality of cooling Channel groups form a series connection.
  • Multiple cooling channels are connected in series, so that the multiple cooling channels form a longer cooling channel with multiple round-trip paths, so that the coolant flowing through the harmonica tube plate has more time to exchange heat with the battery cells. Thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • multiple cooling channel groups are connected in series to allow the coolant to reciprocate multiple times in the harmonica tube plate, so that the temperatures at both ends of the harmonica tube plate are relatively balanced.
  • the plurality of cooling channel groups include a first cooling channel group, a second cooling channel group, and a third cooling channel group that are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the harmonica tube plate; wherein the first spacer is configured to separate The port of the first cooling channel group and the ports of other cooling channels in the plurality of cooling channels except the first cooling channel group; and the second partition is configured to separate the port of the third cooling channel group from the ports of the plurality of cooling channels except the first cooling channel group. Ports of other cooling channels outside the third cooling channel group, so that the first cooling channel group, the second cooling channel group and the third cooling channel group form a series connection.
  • Three cooling channel groups are connected in series to make the coolant perform an "S"-shaped reciprocating motion in the harmonica tube plate, so that the temperatures at both ends of the harmonica tube plate are relatively balanced.
  • the first current collector further includes: a first current collector and a second current collector arranged side by side in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate, wherein the first current collector and the second current collector are respectively facing Two bulges in opposite directions; and the second current collector also includes: a third current collector and a fourth current collector arranged side by side in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate, wherein the third current collector and the fourth current collector are respectively Raised toward two opposite directions, wherein at least part of the edges of the first and second collecting sheets are combined so that the raised portions of both define a first collecting space, and the third and fourth collecting sheets At least part of the edges of the sheets are joined such that the raised portions of both define a second collecting space.
  • the first current collector and the second current collector are both composed of two current collector sheets, and the bulge on the current collector sheet can be formed by simple stamping. Therefore, the structures of the first current collector and the second current collector are relatively simple and easy to manufacture.
  • the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet are respectively provided on the first and second manifolds; and the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are respectively provided on the third manifold. Taping out and the fourth episode on tape.
  • the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet are arranged on the first and second current collectors respectively, so as to facilitate the alignment of the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet in the height direction of the first current collector.
  • the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are arranged on the third and fourth current collectors respectively, so that the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are at the height of the second current collector. aligned in the direction.
  • the projections of the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet on a reference plane coincide with each other, wherein the reference plane is a plane parallel to the sides on both sides of the harmonica tube plate in the thickness direction; and the second liquid inlet The projections of the port and the second liquid outlet on the reference plane coincide.
  • the above arrangement allows when multiple water-cooling plate assemblies are assembled into a water-cooling system, the liquid inlets and liquid outlets of two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies are at the same level, so as to facilitate the connection between the two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies. .
  • At least part of the edge of the first current collecting sheet and at least part of the edge of the second current collecting sheet are combined by welding; and at least part of the edge of the third current collecting sheet and at least part of the edge of the fourth current collecting sheet are joined by welding. Welded joint.
  • the welding bonding makes the bonding between the first and second collecting sheets and the bonding between the third and fourth collecting sheets stronger.
  • At least part of the edge of the first current collecting piece and at least part of the edge of the second collecting piece are coupled by snapping; and at least part of the edge of the third collecting piece and at least part of the edge of the fourth collecting piece Combined by snap connection.
  • the snap-in connection facilitates fast and simple connection between the first and second tape-out films and between the third and fourth tape-out films.
  • the edge of the first current collecting piece is further provided with a plurality of first buckles
  • the edge of the second current collecting piece is further provided with a plurality of first buckles at corresponding positions.
  • the first buckles are combined to realize the snap combination of the first flow collecting piece and the second flow collecting piece; and the edge of the third flow collecting piece is also provided with a plurality of second slots, and the fourth flow collecting piece is A plurality of second buckles are also provided at corresponding positions on the edge, and the second buckle grooves are combined with the corresponding second buckles to realize the snap-joint combination of the third current collecting piece and the fourth current collecting piece.
  • buckles and slots are provided at the corresponding positions of the two current collecting pieces to facilitate alignment between the two current collecting pieces.
  • one or more of the first flow collecting piece, the second flow collecting piece, the third flow collecting piece and the fourth flow collecting piece are further provided with a positioning portion configured to be used in the water cooling plate assembly. During the installation process, align the water-cooling plate assembly with other water-cooling plate assemblies.
  • the multiple water-cooling plate assemblies may be aligned with each other in the height direction with reference to the positioning portion of each water-cooling plate assembly.
  • the first separator when the first current collector includes a first spacer disposed in the first collector space, and the plurality of cooling channel groups include first cooling channel groups arranged sequentially along the width direction of the harmonica tube plate , the second cooling channel group and the third cooling channel group, the first separator further includes: a first connection section extending along at least part of the edges of the first and second collecting plates and fixed to The first arc-shaped section extends along at least part of the edges of the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet to avoid the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet. a first liquid outlet; and a second connection section connected to an edge of the first end of the harmonica tube plate and fixed between the port of the first cooling channel group and the port of the second cooling channel group.
  • a part of the first partition is configured as an extended structure with three sections, which effectively separates the first collecting space into two independent sub-spaces and avoids obstruction of the coolant entering and exiting the first collecting space.
  • the second separator when the second current collecting space includes a second spacer disposed in the second collecting space, and the plurality of cooling channel groups include a first cooling channel group arranged sequentially along the width direction of the harmonica tube plate , the second cooling channel group and the third cooling channel group, the second separator further includes: a third connection section, extending along at least part of the edges of the third and fourth collecting sheets, and fixed to the inner sides of the edges of the third and fourth collecting plates; a second arc-shaped section extending along at least part of the edges of the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet to avoid the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet; a second liquid outlet; and a fourth connection section connected to an edge of the second end of the harmonica tube plate and fixed between the port of the third cooling channel group and the port of the second cooling channel group.
  • a part of the second partition is provided as an extended structure with three sections, which effectively separates the second collecting space into two independent sub-spaces and avoids obstruction of the coolant entering and exiting the second collecting space.
  • An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a water-cooling system, including the above-mentioned water-cooling plate assembly, wherein a plurality of water-cooling plate assemblies are arranged side by side and spaced apart. For any two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies among the plurality of water-cooling plate assemblies: The first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet of one of the two adjacent water-cooled plate assemblies are respectively connected with the first liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet of the other water-cooled plate assembly to achieve adjacent Connection between two water-cooled plate assemblies.
  • the water-cooling system of this embodiment can form a cooling liquid circulation system by connecting multiple water-cooling plate assemblies, thereby facilitating the circulation of cooling liquid therein.
  • the above-mentioned water cooling system further includes: a plurality of connecting pipes, each of the plurality of connecting pipes is used to connect the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet of two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies or with The second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet of two adjacent water-cooled plate assemblies are connected, wherein the first liquid inlet, the second liquid inlet, the first liquid outlet and the first liquid inlet of each water-cooled plate assembly of the water-cooling system.
  • the second liquid outlets each form a flange extending toward the outside of the water-cooled plate assembly. The flanges are inserted into the interior of the corresponding connecting pipe to realize the first liquid inlet, the second liquid inlet, and the first liquid outlet. Or the connection between the second liquid outlet and the connecting pipe.
  • a third embodiment of the present application provides a battery box.
  • the box is used to accommodate battery cells and includes the above-mentioned water-cooling plate assembly.
  • the water-cooling plate assembly is close to the battery cells to cool the battery cells.
  • An embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application provides a battery, which includes a battery cell and a case of the battery of the above embodiment, and the case is used to accommodate the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present application provides a battery, which includes the water cooling system of the above embodiment; and a plurality of battery cells, at least some of the battery cells of the plurality of battery cells are arranged on two adjacent sides of the water cooling system.
  • a battery which includes the water cooling system of the above embodiment; and a plurality of battery cells, at least some of the battery cells of the plurality of battery cells are arranged on two adjacent sides of the water cooling system.
  • two opposite sides of each battery cell in at least part of the battery cells are respectively abutted against the harmonica tube plates of two adjacent water-cooled plate assemblies, so that the water-cooling system can Two opposite sides of the battery cell are cooled.
  • the two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies of the water-cooling system can cool the two opposite sides of each battery cell respectively, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the battery cell, and at the same time, the upper and lower sides of the battery cell can be realized. Balanced cooling effect.
  • An embodiment of the sixth aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an assembled battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-cooling plate assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of one end of the first current collector of the water-cooling plate assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of one end of the second current collector of the water-cooling plate assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic exploded view of the first current collector of the water-cooling plate assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the first separator in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second separator according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to It is more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • a cooling system can be set up to cool the cells in the battery.
  • the above-mentioned cooling system may include a plurality of water-cooling plates laid at the bottom of the battery box, and the upper surfaces of the plurality of water-cooling plates are in contact with the lower surfaces of the cells in the battery.
  • cooling liquid such as water flows through the above-mentioned plurality of water-cooling plates, thereby taking away the heat on the battery core and cooling the battery core.
  • the applicant's research found that the water-cooling plate in the related art only contacts the battery core at the bottom of the battery core, and therefore can only dissipate heat from the bottom surface of the battery core. This will lead to the following two problems: First, the battery core has insufficient heat dissipation and low heat dissipation efficiency. Secondly, since only the bottom surface of the battery core is cooled, the heat on the top surface of the battery core is much greater than the heat on the bottom surface of the battery core, resulting in uneven thermal expansion of the upper and lower parts of the battery core. This uneven thermal expansion may affect the performance of the battery. .
  • the applicant has designed a water-cooling plate assembly after in-depth research.
  • the liquid inlet and outlet of this water-cooling plate assembly are both arranged on the water-cooling plate. Components on both sides of the harmonica tube plate thickness direction.
  • the batteries disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in, but are not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircrafts.
  • the power supply system of the electrical device can be composed of the water-cooled plate assembly, water-cooling system, battery, etc. disclosed in this application. This will help improve the cooling effect of the battery cells, improve the stability of battery performance and battery life.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source.
  • the electrical device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric vehicle, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • an electrical device in an embodiment of the present application is a vehicle 1 as an example.
  • Vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 10 is disposed inside the vehicle 1 , and the battery 10 can be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 may be used to power the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 20 and a motor 30 .
  • the controller 20 is used to control the battery 10 to provide power to the motor 30 , for example, to meet the power requirements for starting, navigation and driving of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as a driving power source of the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the battery 10 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 3 is an assembly schematic diagram of the battery 10 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 10 includes a case 100 and battery cells 200.
  • the battery cells 200 are accommodated in the case 100.
  • the box 100 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 200, and the box 100 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 100 may include a first part 110 and a second part 120 , the first part 110 and the second part 120 cover each other, and the first part 110 and the second part 120 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery cell 200 of accommodation space.
  • the second part 120 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 110 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first part 110 covers the open side of the second part 120 so that the first part 110 and the second part 120 jointly define a receiving space.
  • the first part 110 and the second part 120 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 110 is covered with the open side of the second part 120.
  • the box 100 formed by the first part 110 and the second part 120 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be multiple battery cells 200, and the multiple battery cells 200 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 200 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • Multiple battery cells 200 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells 200 can be accommodated in the box 10 ; of course, the battery 100 can also be multiple battery cells 200
  • the battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 200 .
  • Each battery cell 200 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 200 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-cooling plate assembly 300 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the water cooling plate assembly 300 includes a harmonica tube plate 370 , a first current collector 310 and a second current collector 320 .
  • a plurality of cooling channels extending along the length direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 are formed inside the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the plurality of cooling channels are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 for cooling liquid to flow through.
  • the first current collector 310 is disposed at the first end of the harmonica tube plate 370 in the length direction and forms a first current collecting space connected to one end port of the plurality of cooling channels.
  • the first current collector 310 is in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate 370
  • a first liquid inlet 330 and a first liquid outlet 340 for cooling liquid to flow into and out of the first collecting space are respectively formed on both sides.
  • the second current collector 320 is disposed at the second end opposite to the first end in the length direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 and forms a second current collector space connected to the other end ports of the plurality of cooling channels.
  • the second current collector 320 A second liquid inlet 350 and a second liquid outlet 360 for cooling liquid to flow into and out of the second collecting space are respectively formed on both sides of the harmonica tube plate 370 in the thickness direction.
  • the harmonica tube plate 370 has a length direction (shown in the X-axis direction in Figure 4), a width direction (shown in the Y-axis direction in Figure 4), and a thickness direction (shown in the Z-axis direction in Figure 4). Show).
  • a plurality of cooling channels are formed inside the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the above-mentioned plurality of cooling channels are all extended along the X direction in the figure, and the plurality of cooling channels are arranged in the Y direction in the figure.
  • Two adjacent cooling channels are separated by a partition wall that also extends along the X direction. .
  • Each cooling channel has two ports facing the first current collector 310 and the second current collector 320 respectively. Therefore, the harmonica tube plate 370 has a plurality of cooling channel ports at both ends in the length direction. The plurality of ports are separated by ends of partition walls inside the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the first current collector 310 and the second current collector 320 are respectively disposed at the first end and the second end of the harmonica tube plate 370 in the length direction.
  • the first current collector 310 includes a first housing, a first collection space is formed inside the first housing, and the first housing is open on a side facing the harmonica tube plate 370 for connecting the first end of the harmonica tube plate 370 . Therefore, one end ports of the plurality of cooling channels of the harmonica tube plate 370 are connected with the first collecting space.
  • the second current collector 320 includes a second housing, a second collection space is formed inside the second housing, and the second housing is open on a side facing the harmonica tube plate 370 for connecting the second end of the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the other end ports of the plurality of cooling channels of the harmonica tube plate 370 are connected with the second collecting space.
  • the first current collector 310 and the second current collector 320 have the same size and shape, and are symmetrically arranged at both ends in the length direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the liquid inlet and outlet of the water-cooling plate assembly 300 are both disposed on both sides in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 of the water-cooling plate assembly 300, when multiple water-cooling plate assemblies 300 are assembled into the water-cooling system 130, since each The unique position of the liquid inlet and outlet of the water-cooling plate assembly 300 allows the harmonica tube plates 370 of multiple water-cooling plate assemblies 300 to be assembled parallel and spaced apart from each other.
  • the battery cells 200 can be placed into two adjacent parallel spaced Between the water-cooling plate assemblies 300, the two sides of the battery cell 200 are cooled. Such an arrangement can improve the cooling efficiency of the battery cell 200 and achieve a balanced cooling effect on the upper and lower sides of the battery cell 200 .
  • the plurality of cooling channels include a plurality of cooling channel groups arranged along the width direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 , and each of the plurality of cooling channel groups includes at least one cooling channel.
  • the first current collector 310 includes a first separator 313 disposed in the first current collection space
  • the second current collector 320 includes a second separator 323 disposed in the second current collection space.
  • the first separator 313 and the second The spacer 323 is configured such that a plurality of cooling channels are connected in series.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of one end of the first current collector 310 of the water-cooled plate assembly 300 in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 6 is a second collector of the water-cooled plate assembly 300 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the plurality of cooling channels mentioned above may include three cooling channel groups, and each cooling channel group may include an equal or unequal number of cooling channels.
  • the boundaries of the three cooling channel groups are shown by dashed lines in the figures.
  • the cooling channels are shown to include three cooling channel groups, in other embodiments, the cooling channels may also include more than three cooling channel groups, such as 5 groups, 6 groups, and 8 groups. wait.
  • the first spacer 313 and the second spacer 323 connect the ports of the three cooling channel groups end to end respectively, thereby forming an "S"-shaped channel as a whole.
  • the flow path of the coolant in the harmonica tube plate 370 can be represented by dotted arrows in the figures.
  • the series connection of multiple cooling channel groups can also be achieved by setting the shape of the first spacer 313 and the second spacer 323 and their positions in the collecting space.
  • more than three cooling channel groups can integrally form a channel with more round-trip paths than an "S" shape, such as an "M" shape or even a double "S" shape channel.
  • Multiple cooling channel groups are connected in series, so that the multiple cooling channels form a longer channel with multiple round-trip paths, so that the cooling liquid flowing through the harmonica tube plate 370 has more time to heat up with the battery cells 200 exchange, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the coolant simply flows from one end port of the plurality of cooling channels to the other end port, causing the temperature of the end port where the coolant flows into to be lower, because the coolant has not yet exchanged heat with the battery cells 200, and At the same time, the temperature of the end port where the coolant flows out is higher. This will result in a large temperature difference between the two ends of the harmonica tube plate 370 in the length direction, which is not conducive to balanced heat dissipation of the battery.
  • multiple cooling channel groups are connected in series, so that the cooling liquid reciprocates multiple times in the harmonica tube plate 370 , so that the temperatures of the ports at both ends of the harmonica tube plate 370 are relatively balanced.
  • the plurality of cooling channel groups include a first cooling channel group 371 , a second cooling channel group 372 and a third cooling channel group 373 that are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the first partition 313 is configured to separate the port of the first cooling channel group 371 from the plurality of cooling channels except the first cooling channel group 371 .
  • the second spacer 323 is configured to separate the port of the third cooling channel group 373 from the ports of other cooling channels in the plurality of cooling channels except the third cooling channel group 373, so that the A cooling channel group 371, a second cooling channel group 372 and a third cooling channel group 373 are connected in series.
  • the plurality of cooling channel groups include three cooling channel groups, namely the first cooling channel group 371 , the second cooling channel group 372 and the third cooling channel group 373 .
  • the first cooling channel group 371 is located at the upper part of the harmonica tube plate 370
  • the second cooling channel group 372 is located at the middle part of the harmonica tube plate 370
  • the third cooling channel group 373 is located at the lower part of the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the first cooling channel group 371, the second cooling channel group 372, and the third cooling channel group 373 may include an equal number of cooling channels.
  • the first partition 313 divides the space into two independent subspaces, one of which is connected to the port of the first cooling channel group 371, and the other subspace is connected to the port of the first cooling channel group 371. Ports of the second cooling channel group 372 and the third cooling channel group 373 .
  • the second partition 323 divides the space into two independent sub-spaces, one of which connects the ports of the first cooling channel group 371 and the second cooling channel group 372. , another subspace is connected to the port of the third cooling channel group 373 .
  • This arrangement allows the ports of the first cooling channel group 371, the second cooling channel group 372, and the third cooling channel group 373 to be connected end to end, thereby forming a series connection.
  • cooling channel groups are connected in series, so that the cooling liquid performs an "S"-shaped reciprocating motion in the harmonica tube plate 370, so that the temperatures of the ports at both ends of the harmonica tube plate 370 are relatively balanced.
  • the first current collector 310 further includes: a first current collector 311 and a second current collector 312 arranged side by side in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate 370, wherein the first current collector 311 and The second collecting pieces 312 are respectively raised toward two opposite directions.
  • the second current collector 320 also includes: a third current collector 321 and a fourth current collector 322 arranged side by side in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 , wherein the third current collector 321 and the fourth current collector 322 face respectively Two bulges in opposite directions.
  • At least part of the edges of the first and second collecting sheets 311 and 312 are combined so that the bulges of the two define a first collecting space, and at least part of the third and fourth collecting sheets 321 and 322 The edges are combined such that the raised portions of both define a second collecting space.
  • the first housing of the first current collector 310 is composed of a first current collector 311 and a second current collector 312.
  • the first current collector 311 and the second current collector 312 are The middle area portions respectively bulge toward two opposite directions, such as bulges toward both sides in the thickness direction of the harmonica tube plate 370 , so that the first and second collector pieces 311 and 312 respectively form a depression on the opposite sides.
  • the edges of the first collecting piece 311 and the second collecting piece 312 are combined, thereby forming a first collecting space between the two collecting pieces that is substantially the same as the thickness of the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the second housing of the second current collector 320 is composed of a third current collector 321 and a fourth current collector 322.
  • the middle regions of the third current collector 321 and the fourth current collector 322 face two opposite directions respectively. a bulge, such as towards the harmonica tube plate Both sides of the thickness direction of 370 are bulged, so that the third current collecting piece 321 and the fourth current collecting piece 322 respectively form a depression on the opposite side.
  • the edges of the third collecting piece 321 and the fourth collecting piece 322 are combined to form a second collecting space between the two collecting pieces, which is substantially the same thickness as the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the first current collector 310 and the second current collector 320 are both composed of two current collector sheets, and the raised portion on the current collector sheet can be formed by simple stamping. Therefore, the structures of the first current collector 310 and the second current collector 320 are relatively simple and easy to manufacture.
  • first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 are respectively provided on the first manifold 311 and the second manifold 312 .
  • the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 are respectively provided on the third flow collecting piece 321 and the fourth flow collecting piece 322.
  • the raised portions of the first and second collecting plates 311 and 312 may be formed into flat surfaces, so that the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 are respectively opened in the first and second collecting plates 311 and 312 .
  • the raised portions of the third and fourth collecting plates 321 and 322 can also be formed into flat surfaces, so that the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 are respectively opened in the third and fourth collecting plates 321 and 322 .
  • the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 are respectively provided on the first collector piece 311 and the second collector piece 312, so that the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 are arranged on the first collector piece 311 and the second collector piece 312 respectively.
  • the current collector 310 is aligned in the height direction.
  • the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 are respectively arranged on the third manifold 321 and the fourth manifold 322 to facilitate the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360. Aligned in the height direction of the second current collector 320 .
  • the projections of the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 on the reference plane coincide.
  • the reference plane is a plane parallel to the side surfaces on both sides of the harmonica tube plate 370 in the thickness direction.
  • the projections of the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 on the reference plane also coincide.
  • the projections of the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 on the reference plane coincide with each other, which means that the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 are arranged at the same height of the first current collector 310; the projections of the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 on the reference plane coincide with each other, which means that the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 are arranged at the The two current collectors 320 are at the same height.
  • the first liquid inlet 330 , the first liquid outlet 340 , the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 may be disposed in the height direction of the first current collector 310 or the second current collector 320 at the middle position.
  • This arrangement makes it possible that when multiple water-cooling plate assemblies 300 are assembled into the water-cooling system 130, the liquid inlets and liquid outlets of two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300 are at the same level, so that the two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300 can the connection between.
  • At least part of the edge of the first current collecting sheet 311 and at least part of the edge of the second current collecting sheet 312 are combined by welding. At least part of the edge of the third current collecting piece 321 and at least part of the edge of the fourth current collecting piece 322 are combined by welding.
  • the welding bonding makes the combination between the first current collecting piece 311 and the second current collecting piece 312 and the combination between the third current collecting piece 321 and the fourth current collecting piece 322 stronger.
  • At least part of the edge of the first current collecting piece 311 and at least part of the edge of the second current collecting piece 312 are combined by snapping.
  • At least part of the edge of the third current collecting piece 321 and at least part of the edge of the fourth current collecting piece 322 are combined by snapping.
  • the snap-in connection facilitates fast and simple combination between the first flow collecting piece 311 and the second flow collecting piece 312 and between the third flow collecting piece 321 and the fourth flow collecting piece 322 .
  • Figure 7 is an exploded structural diagram of the first current collector 310 of the water-cooling plate assembly 300 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the edge of the first current collector 311 is also provided with multiple A plurality of first buckles 311a are provided at corresponding positions on the edge of the second current collection piece 312.
  • the first buckles 311a are combined with the corresponding first buckles 312b to achieve the first collection.
  • the tape-out piece 311 and the second tape-out piece 312 are snap-fitted together.
  • the edge of the third current collecting piece 321 is also provided with a plurality of second slots (not shown in the drawings), and the corresponding position of the edge of the fourth current collecting piece 322 is also provided with a plurality of second buckles (not shown in the drawings). (shown in the drawings), the second slot is combined with the corresponding second buckle to realize the snap connection of the third current collecting piece 321 and the fourth current collecting piece 322.
  • first slots 311a are provided at multiple corner positions of the edge of the first current collecting piece 311.
  • three other first slots 311a are provided on the vertical edge sections of the first current collecting piece 311.
  • Card slot 311a A plurality of first buckles 312b are provided at corresponding positions on the edge of the second current collecting piece 312.
  • These buckles may be in the form of claws, for example, so that when the first current collecting piece 311 and the second current collecting piece 312 are combined, , the claws of the first buckle 312b clamp the outer side of the second current collecting piece 312.
  • the arrangement positions and usage principles of the second buckle and the second buckle are similar to those of the first buckle 312b and the first buckle 311a, and will not be described again here.
  • first buckles 312b and first grooves 311a and a plurality of second buckles and second grooves enhances the connection strength between the current collecting sheets.
  • buckles and slots are provided at the corresponding positions of the two current collecting pieces to facilitate alignment between the two current collecting pieces.
  • one or more of the first flow collection sheet 311, the second flow collection sheet 312, the third flow collection sheet 321 and the fourth flow collection sheet 322 are also provided with a positioning part configured to It is used to align the water-cooling plate assembly 300 with other water-cooling plate assemblies 300 during the installation process of the water-cooling plate assembly 300 .
  • the positioning part may include a first positioning hole 311 c provided on the first current collecting piece 311 of the first current collecting piece 310 and a second positioning hole 312 c provided on the second current collecting piece 312 .
  • the first positioning hole 311c and the second positioning hole 312c are aligned.
  • the multiple water-cooling plate assemblies 300 may also be aligned with each other in the height direction (ie, the Y direction shown in FIG. 4 ) with reference to the positioning portion of each water-cooling plate assembly 300 .
  • the positioning portion is provided on the first current collector 310
  • the positioning portion can also be provided on the second current collector 320 , or between the first current collector 310 and the second current collector 320 .
  • Current collector 320 on both.
  • the first partition 313 also includes: a first connection section 313a, a first arc section 313b and a second connection section 313c.
  • the first connecting section 313a extends along at least part of the edges of the first and second collecting sheets 311 and 312 and is fixed to the inner sides of the edges of the first and second collecting sheets 311 and 312 .
  • the first arc section 313b extends along at least part of the edges of the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 to avoid the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 .
  • the second connection section 313c is connected to the edge of the first end of the harmonica tube plate 370 and is fixed between the ports of the first cooling channel group 371 and the second cooling channel group 372.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the first spacer 313 in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the second spacer 323 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first spacer 313 is composed of a first main body part 313d and a first flange formed on at least part of the edge of the first main body part 313d.
  • the first main body part 313d is a planar sheet structure that is attached to the second current collecting piece 312.
  • the first main body part 313d can be fixed on the inner side of the second current collecting piece 312 by welding.
  • the first flange protrudes toward the first current collecting sheet 311 , and after the first current collecting sheet 311 and the second current collecting sheet 312 are combined, the upper edge of the first flange contacts the inner side of the first current collecting sheet 311 . Therefore, the first flange plays the role of dividing the first flow collection space into two subspaces.
  • the first flange includes a first connection section 313a, a first arc section 313b and a second connection section 313c. One end of the first connecting section 313a abuts the inner edges of the first and second collecting sheets 311 and 312 .
  • the first arc section 313b coincides with at least part of the edge of the first liquid outlet 340, so as to avoid blocking the cooling liquid from entering and exiting the first collecting space.
  • One end of the second connection section 313c is connected to the partition wall between the port of the first cooling channel group 371 and the port of the second cooling channel group 372 in the harmonica tube plate 370, thus separating the two cooling channel groups. .
  • a part of the first partition 313 is configured as an extended structure with three sections, which effectively separates the first collecting space into two independent sub-spaces and avoids obstruction of the coolant entering and exiting the first collecting space.
  • the second partition 323 also includes: a third connection section 323a, a second arc section 323b and a fourth connection section 323c.
  • the third connecting section 323a extends along at least part of the edges of the third and fourth collecting sheets 321 and 322 and is fixed to the inner sides of the edges of the third and fourth collecting sheets 321 and 322 .
  • the second arc section 323b extends along at least part of the edges of the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 to avoid the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 .
  • the fourth connection section 323c is connected to the edge of the second end of the harmonica tube plate 370 and is fixed between the ports of the third cooling channel group 373 and the second cooling channel group 372.
  • the second spacer 323 is composed of a second main body part 323d and a second flange formed on at least part of the edge of the second main body part 323d.
  • the second main body part 323d is a planar sheet structure that is attached to the third current collecting piece 321.
  • the second main body part 323d can be fixed on the inner side of the third current collecting piece 321 by welding.
  • the second flange protrudes toward the fourth collecting piece 322 , and after the third collecting piece 321 and the fourth collecting piece 322 are combined, the upper edge of the second flanging contacts the inner side of the fourth collecting piece 322 . Therefore, the second flange plays the role of dividing the second flow collection space into two sub-spaces.
  • the second flange includes a third connection section 323a, a second arc section 323b and a fourth connection section 323c.
  • One end of the third connection section 323a abuts the inner edge of the third current collecting piece 321 and the fourth current collecting piece 322 .
  • the second arcuate section 323b coincides with at least part of the edge of the second liquid inlet 350, so as to avoid blocking the cooling liquid from entering and exiting the second collecting space.
  • One end of the fourth connection section 323c is connected to the partition wall between the port of the second cooling channel group 372 and the port of the third cooling channel group 373 in the harmonica tube plate 370, thus separating the two cooling channel groups. .
  • a part of the second partition 323 is configured as an extended structure with three sections, which effectively separates the second collecting space into two independent sub-spaces and avoids obstruction of the coolant entering and exiting the second collecting space.
  • the present application also provides a water-cooling system 130.
  • the water-cooling system 130 includes the above-mentioned plurality of water-cooling plate assemblies 300.
  • the plurality of water-cooling plate assemblies 300 are arranged side by side and spaced apart.
  • the first liquid inlet 330 and the second liquid outlet 360 of one of the two adjacent water-cooled plate assemblies 300 are respectively connected with the first liquid outlet 340 and the second liquid inlet of the other water-cooled plate assembly 300. 350 are connected to realize the connection between two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300.
  • the water cooling system 130 includes a plurality of water cooling plate assemblies 300 , for example, as shown in FIG. 2 , it includes six water cooling plate assemblies 300 . However, in other embodiments, the water cooling system 130 may also include more than 6 or less than 6 water cooling plate assemblies 300 .
  • the first liquid inlet 330 of the first row of water-cooling plate assembly 300 (the frontmost water-cooling plate assembly 300 shown in FIG. 2 ) constitutes the total liquid inlet of the entire water cooling system 130 , and its second liquid outlet 360 constitutes the entire water cooling system 130 .
  • any water-cooled plate assembly 300 in the middle rows of water-cooled plate assemblies 300 its first liquid inlet 330 is connected to the first liquid outlet 340 of the previous water-cooled plate assembly 300, and its first liquid outlet 340 is connected to the rear water-cooled plate assembly 300.
  • the first liquid inlet 330 of one water-cooling plate assembly 300 is connected, its second liquid inlet 350 is connected to the second liquid outlet 360 of the following water-cooling plate assembly 300, and its second liquid outlet 360 is connected to the previous water-cooling plate assembly.
  • the second liquid inlet 350 of 300 is connected.
  • the first liquid outlet 340 and the second liquid inlet 350 of the last row of water-cooling plate components 300 are blocked. This arrangement enables the water cooling system 130 to form a cooling liquid circulation system.
  • the cooling liquid will enter the first liquid inlet 330 of the water cooling plate assembly 300 of the first row of the water cooling system 130 and then reach the first set of the multi-drainage cold plate assembly 300. in flow space.
  • the cooling liquid flows from its first collecting space to the second collecting space through the cooling channels of the harmonica tube plate 370 .
  • the cooling liquid gathers in the second collecting space of the multi-drainage cold plate assembly 300, and finally flows out from the second liquid outlet 360 of the first row of water-cooling plate assembly 300.
  • the outgoing cooling liquid can be cooled by a cooling device outside the battery, and then input again into the first liquid inlet 330 of the first row of water-cooling plate assembly 300 .
  • the water cooling system 130 of this embodiment can form a cooling liquid circulation system by connecting multiple water cooling plate assemblies 300, thereby facilitating the circulation of cooling liquid therein.
  • the water cooling system 130 further includes a plurality of connecting pipes 400 , each of the plurality of connecting pipes 400 is used to connect two adjacent water cooling plate assemblies 300 .
  • the first liquid inlet 330 and the first liquid outlet 340 may be used to communicate with the second liquid inlet 350 and the second liquid outlet 360 of two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300 .
  • the first liquid inlet 330 , the second liquid inlet 350 , the first liquid outlet 340 and the second liquid outlet 360 of each water-cooling plate assembly 300 of the water-cooling system 130 are formed to extend toward the outside of the water-cooling plate assembly 300 .
  • the flange is inserted into the corresponding connecting pipe 400 to realize the connection between the first liquid inlet 330, the second liquid inlet 350, the first liquid outlet 340 or the second liquid outlet 360 and the connecting pipe 400. connections between.
  • the liquid inlets and liquid outlets of the two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300 at the front and rear are connected through the connecting pipe 400, which improves the connection strength between the water-cooling plate assemblies 300 and also ensures that the connection between the adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300 is ensured. There is a certain gap for accommodating the battery cells 200 .
  • a battery case 100 is also provided, and the case 100 is used to accommodate the battery cells 200 .
  • the above-mentioned box 100 also includes the above-mentioned water cooling system 130 .
  • the water-cooling plate assembly 300 in the water cooling system 130 is close to the battery cell 200 to cool the battery cell 200 .
  • the water-cooling plate assembly 300 may be provided as a part of the box 100 and fixed to the interior of the box 100 .
  • a battery 10 is also provided.
  • the battery 10 includes: a battery cell 200 and the above-mentioned box 100 .
  • the box 100 is used to accommodate the battery cells 200 .
  • a battery 10 is also provided.
  • the battery 10 includes: the above-mentioned water cooling system 130 and a plurality of battery cells 200 . At least some of the battery cells 200 among the plurality of battery cells 200 are disposed in the gap between two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300 of the water-cooling system 130 . At least part of the two opposite sides of each battery cell 200 are respectively abutted against the harmonica tube plates 370 of two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300 , so that the water-cooling system 130 can protect both sides of each battery cell 200 . cooling on opposite sides.
  • the two adjacent water-cooling plate assemblies 300 of the water-cooling system 130 can respectively cool the two opposite sides of each battery cell 200, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the battery cells 200, and at the same time achieving The cooling effect is balanced up and down of the battery cell 200.
  • an electrical device 1 is also provided, and the battery 10 is used to provide kinetic energy for the electrical device 1 .
  • the specific structure of the electrical device 1 can be referred to the description of FIG. 1 and will not be described again here.

Abstract

本申请提供一种水冷板组件、水冷系统、电池及其箱体以及用电装置。本申请的水冷板组件包括：口琴管板、第一集流体和第二集流体。第一集流体设置在口琴管板的长度方向上的第一端并且形成有与多个冷却通道的一端端口连通的第一集流空间，第一集流体在口琴管板厚度方向的两侧分别形成有供冷却液流入和流出第一集流空间的第一进液口和第一出液口。第二集流体设置在口琴管板的长度方向上的与第一端相对的第二端并且形成有与多个冷却通道的另一端端口连通的第二集流空间，第二集流体在口琴管板厚度方向上的两侧分别形成有供冷却液流入和流出第二集流空间的第二进液口和第二出液口。

Description

水冷板组件、水冷系统、电池及其箱体以及用电装置
交叉引用
本申请引用于2022年3月30日递交的名称为“水冷板组件、水冷系统、电池及其箱体以及用电装置”的第202210328685.7号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种水冷板组件、水冷系统、电池及其箱体以及用电装置。
背景技术
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
在电池的使用过程中，电池内的电芯会产生热量。如果这些热量过高将对于电池的性能及使用寿命造成不利影响。因此，如何对电池的电芯进行有效的散热成为了本领域的一个重要研究方向。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请的一个目的在于提出一种水冷板组件，以改善对电池中电池单体的冷却效果。
本申请第一方面的实施例提供一种水冷板组件，包括：口琴管板，其内部形成有沿着口琴管板的长度方向延伸的多个冷却通道，多个冷却通道沿着口琴管板的宽度方向并行排列，以供冷却液流动通过；第一集流体，设置在口琴管板的长度方向上的第一端并且形成有与多个冷却通道的一端端口连通的第一集流空间，第一集流体在口琴管板厚度方向的两侧分别形成有供冷却液流入和流出第一集流空间的第一进液口和第一出液口；和第二集流体，设置在口琴管板的长度方向上的与第一端相对的第二端并且形成有与多 个冷却通道的另一端端口连通的第二集流空间，第二集流体在口琴管板厚度方向上的两侧分别形成有供冷却液流入和流出第二集流空间的第二进液口和第二出液口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，由于水冷板组件的进液口和出液口均设置在水冷板组件的口琴管板厚度方向的两侧，因此在将多个水冷板组件组装成水冷系统时，由于每个水冷板组件进液口和出液口的独特的设置位置，允许多个水冷板组件的口琴管板相互平行且间隔地组装。从而使得包括电芯的电池单体能够被放置到相邻两个平行间隔设置的水冷板组件之间，实现对电池单体两个侧面的冷却。这样设置可以提高电池单体的冷却效率，同时可以实现电池单体上下均衡的冷却效果。
在一些实施例中，多个冷却通道包括沿着口琴管板的宽度方向排布的多个冷却通道组，多个冷却通道组中的每个冷却通道组包括至少一个冷却通道；其中第一集流体包括设置在第一集流空间内的第一隔片，第二集流体包括设置在第二集流空间内的第二隔片，第一隔片和第二隔片配置成使得多个冷却通道组构成串联连接。
通过多个冷却通道组构成串联连接，使得多个冷却通道构成具有多个往返路径的更长冷却通道，从而使得流经口琴管板的冷却液具有更多的时间与电池单体进行热交换，从而提交了散热效率。另外，采用多个冷却通道组串联的方式，使得冷却液在口琴管板中多次往复运动，从而使得口琴管板两端端口的温度相对均衡。
在一些实施例中，多个冷却通道组包括沿着口琴管板的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组、第二冷却通道组和第三冷却通道组；其中第一隔片构造成分隔第一冷却通道组的端口与多个冷却通道中除第一冷却通道组之外的其他冷却通道的端口；并且第二隔片构造成分隔第三冷却通道组的端口与多个冷却通道中除第三冷却通道组之外的其他冷却通道的端口，以使得第一冷却通道组、第二冷却通道组和第三冷却通道组构成串联连接。
采用三个冷却通道组串联的方式，使得冷却液在口琴管板中进行“S”形往复运动，从而使得口琴管板两端端口的温度相对均衡。
在一些实施例中，第一集流体还包括：在口琴管板厚度方向上并排设置的第一集流片和第二集流片，其中，第一集流片和第二集流片分别朝向两个相反方向隆起；并且第二集流体还包括：在口琴管板厚度方向上并排设置的第三集流片和第四集流片，其中，第三集流片和第四集流片分别朝向两个相反方向隆起，其中第一集流片和第二集流片的至少部分边缘相结合以使得两者的隆起部分限定第一集流空间，并且第三集流片和第四集流片的至少部分边缘相结合以使得两者的隆起部分限定第二集流空间。
第一集流体和第二集流体均由两个集流片结合构成，集流片上的隆起部分可以通过简单的冲压形成。因此，第一集流体和第二集流体的构造相对简单，便于生产制造。
在一些实施例中，第一进液口和第一出液口分别设置在第一集流片和第二集流片上；并且第二进液口和第二出液口分别设置在第三集流片和第四集流片上。
将第一进液口和第一出液口分别设置在第一集流片和第二集流片上，便于将第一进液口和第一出液口在第一集流体的高度方向上对齐。同理，将第二进液口和第二出液口分别设置在第三集流片和第四集流片上，便于将第二进液口和第二出液口在第二集流体的高度方向上对齐。
在一些实施例中，第一进液口和第一出液口在参考平面上的投影重合，其中，参考平面是与口琴管板的厚度方向两侧的侧面平行的平面；并且第二进液口和第二出液口在参考平面上的投影重合。
上述设置使得将多个水冷板组件组装成水冷系统时，相邻两个水冷板组件的进液口和出液口都在同一水平高度上，以便于相邻两个水冷板组件之间的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一集流片的至少部分边缘和第二集流片的至少部分边缘通过焊接结合；并且第三集流片的至少部分边缘和第四集流片的至少部分边缘通过焊接结合。
焊接结合使得第一集流片和第二集流片之间的结合以及第三集流片和第四集流片之间的结合更加牢固。
在一些实施例中，第一集流片的至少部分边缘和第二集流片的至少部分边缘通过卡接结合；并且第三集流片的至少部分边缘和第四集流片的至少部分边缘通过卡接结合。
卡接结合有利于第一集流片和第二集流片之间以及第三集流片和第四集流片之间快速、简单的结合。
在一些实施例中，第一集流片的边缘还设置有多个第一卡槽，并且第二集流片的边缘的对应位置还设置有多个第一卡扣，第一卡槽与对应的第一卡扣相结合以实现第一集流片和第二集流片的卡接结合；并且第三集流片的边缘还设置有多个第二卡槽，并且第四集流片的边缘的对应位置还设置有多个第二卡扣，第二卡槽与对应的第二卡扣相结合以实现第三集流片和第四集流片的卡接结合。
设置多个第一卡扣和第一卡槽以及多个第二卡扣和第二卡槽加强了集流片之间的连接强度。同时，在两个集流片的对应位置设置卡扣和卡槽便于两个集流片之间进行对齐。
在一些实施例中，第一集流片、第二集流片、第三集流片和第四集流片中的一者或多者还设置有定位部，配置成用于在水冷板组件的安装过程中，将水冷板组件与其它水冷板组件对齐。
在对多个水冷板组件进行组装时，可以参照每个水冷板组件的定位部将多个水冷板组件在高度方向上彼此对齐。
在一些实施例中，当第一集流体包括设置在第一集流空间内的第一隔片，并且多个冷却通道组包括沿着口琴管板的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组、第二冷却通道组和第三冷却通道组时，第一隔片还包括：第一连接区段，沿着第一集流片和第二集流片的至少部分边缘延伸设置，并且固定到第一集流片和第二集流片的边缘内侧；第一弧形区段，沿着第一进液口和第一出液口的至少部分边缘延伸设置，以避让第一进液口和第一出液口；和第二连接区段，连接到口琴管板的第一端的边缘，并固定到第一冷却通道组的端口和第二冷却通道组的端口之间。
将第一隔片的一部分设置为具有三区段的延伸结构，有效地将第一集流空间分隔成两个独立的子空间，并且避免了阻碍冷却液进出第一集流空间。
在一些实施例中，当第二集流体包括设置在第二集流空间内的第二隔片，并且多个冷却通道组包括沿着口琴管板的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组、第二冷却通道组和第三冷却通道组时，第二隔片还包括：第三连接区段，沿着第三集流片和第四集流片的至少部分边缘延伸设置，并且固定到第三集流片和第四集流片的边缘内侧；第二弧形区段，沿着第二进液口和第二出液口的至少部分边缘延伸设置，以避让第二进液口和第二出液口；和第四连接区段，连接到口琴管板的第二端的边缘，并固定到第三冷却通道组的端口和第二冷却通道组的端口之间。
将第二隔片的一部分设置为具有三区段的延伸结构，有效地将第二集流空间分隔成两个独立的子空间，并且避免了阻碍冷却液进出第二集流空间。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供一种水冷系统，包括上述的水冷板组件，其中，多个水冷板组件并排间隔设置，对于多个水冷板组件中的任一相邻两个水冷板组件：相邻两个水冷板组件中的一个水冷板组件的第一进液口和第二出液口分别与另一个水冷板组件的第一出液口和第二进液口连通，以实现相邻两个水冷板组件之间的连接。
本实施例的水冷系统，可以通过将多个水冷板组件连接形成一个冷却液循环系统，从而便于冷却液在其中进行循环。
在一些实施例中，上述水冷系统还包括：多个连接管，多个连接管中的每个连接管用于连通相邻两个水冷板组件的第一进液口和第一出液口或用于连通相邻两个水冷板组件的第二进液口和第二出液口，其中水冷系统的每个水冷板组件的第一进液口、第二进液口、第一出液口和第二出液口均形成朝向该水冷板组件外部伸出的凸缘，凸缘通过插接到对应的连接管的内部来实现第一进液口、第二进液口、第一出液口或第二出液口与连接管之间的连接。
通过将连接管将前后两个相邻的水冷板组件的进液口和出液口相连，提高了水冷板组件之间的连接强度，同时还保证了相邻的水冷板组件之间具有一定的间隙，应用于容纳电池单体。
本申请第三方面的实施例提供一种电池的箱体，箱体用于容纳电池单体，，包括上述水冷板组件，水冷板组件贴靠电池单体以冷却电池单体。
本申请第四方面的实施例提供一种电池，其包括电池单体和上述实施例的电池的箱体，箱体用于容纳电池单体。
本申请第五方面的实施例提供一种电池，其包括上述实施例的的水冷系统；以及多个电池单体，多个电池单体中的至少部分电池单体设置在水冷系统的相邻两个水冷板组件之间的间隙中，其中至少部分电池单体中的每个电池单体的两个相对侧面分别贴靠相邻两个水冷板组件的口琴管板，以使得水冷系统对每个电池单体的两个相对侧面进行冷却。
本实施例的电池，其水冷系统的相邻两个水冷板组件能够对每个电池单体的两个相对侧面分别进行冷却，从而可以提高电池单体的冷却效率，同时可以实现电池单体上下均衡的冷却效果。
本申请第六方面的实施例提供一种用电装置，其包括上述实施例中的电池，电池用于提供电能。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
在附图中，除非另外规定，否则贯穿多个附图相同的附图标记表示相同或相似的部件或元素。这些附图不一定是按照比例绘制的。应该理解，这些附图仅描绘了根据本申请公开的一些实施方式，而不应将其视为是对本申请范围的限制。
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池的组装后的示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例的水冷板组件的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例的水冷板组件的第一集流体一端的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例的水冷板组件的第二集流体一端的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例的水冷板组件的第一集流体的分解结构示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例的第一隔片的结构示意图；
图9为本申请一些实施例的第二隔片的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
车辆1；
电池10，控制器20，马达30；
箱体100，第一部分110，第二部分120，水冷系统130；
电池单体200；
水冷板组件300；第一集流体310，第二集流体320，第一进液口330，第一出液口
340，第二进液口350；第二出液口360；口琴管板370；
第一冷却通道组371；第二冷却通道组372；第三冷却通道组373；
第一集流片311；第二集流片312；第一隔片313；
第一连接区段313a；第一弧形区段313b；第二连接区段313c；第一主体部313d；
第一卡槽311a；第一卡扣312b；第一定位孔311c；第二定位孔312c；
第三集流片321；第四集流片322；第二隔片323；
第三连接区段323a；第二弧形区段323b；第四连接区段323c；第二主体部323d；
连接管400。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本申请人注意到，在电池的使用过程中，电芯会产生热量。如果这些热量过高将对于电池的性能及使用寿命造成不利影响，在相关技术中，可以设置冷却系统来对电池中的电芯进行冷却。上述冷却系统可以包括多个铺设在电池箱体底部的水冷板，多个水冷板的上表面和电池中电芯的下表面相接触。在使用过程中，例如水的冷却液流动通过上述多个水冷板，从而带走电芯上的热量，为电芯降温。
但是，申请人研究发现，相关技术中的水冷板仅在电芯的底部与电芯接触，因此仅能够对电芯的底面进行散热。这将导致如下两个问题：首先电芯散热不充分，散热效率低。其次，由于电芯仅有底面被冷却，导致电芯顶面的热量要远远大于电芯底面的热量，进而导致电芯上下受热膨胀不均匀，这种不均匀的热膨胀可能会影响电池的性能。
基于以上考虑，为了解决电芯散热不充分且散热不均匀的问题，申请人经过深入研究，设计了一种水冷板组件，这种水冷板组件的进液口和出液口均设置在水冷板组件的口琴管板厚度方向的两侧。在将多个水冷板组件组装成水冷系统时，由于每个水冷板组件进液口和出液口独特的设置位置，可以使得多个水冷板组件平行间隔组装。从而使得包括电芯的电池单体能够被放置到相邻两个平行间隔设置的水冷板组件之间，从而实现对电池单体(或电芯)两个侧面的冷却。这样设置可以提高电池单体的冷却效率，同时可以实现电池单体上下均衡的冷却效果。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的水冷板组件、水冷系统、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统，这样，有利于提高对电池单体的冷却效果，提升电池性能的稳定性和电池寿命。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1的结构示意图。车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部设置有电池10，电池10可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源。车辆1还可以包括控制器20和马达30，控制器20用来控制电池10为马达30供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池10不仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
请参照图2和图3，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池10的爆炸图，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池10的组装示意图。电池10包括箱体100和电池单体200，电池单体200容纳于箱体100内。其中，箱体100用于为电池单体200提供容纳空间，箱体100可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体100可以包括第一部分110和第二部分120，第一部分110与第二部分120相互盖合，第一部分110和第二部分120共同限定出用于容纳电池单体200的容纳空间。第二部分120可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分110可以为板状结构，第一部分110盖合于第二部分120的开口侧，以使第一部分110与第二部分120共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分110和第二部分120也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分110的开口侧盖合于第二部分120的开口侧。当然，第一部分110和第二部分120形成的箱体100可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体200可以是多个，多个电池单体200之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体200中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体200之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体200构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体200先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体200之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体200可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体200可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
本申请首先提供了一种水冷板组件300。如图4所示，图4为本申请一些实施例的水冷板组件300的结构示意图。该水冷板组件300包括口琴管板370、第一集流体310和第二集流体320。口琴管板370内部形成有沿着口琴管板370的长度方向延伸的多个冷却通道，多个冷却通道沿着口琴管板370的宽度方向并行排列，以供冷却液流动通过。第一集流体310设置在口琴管板370的长度方向上的第一端并且形成有与多个冷却通道的一端端口连通的第一集流空间，第一集流体310在口琴管板370厚度方向的两侧分别形成有供冷却液流入和流出第一集流空间的第一进液口330和第一出液口340。第二集流体320设置在口琴管板370的长度方向上的与第一端相对的第二端并且形成有与多个冷却通道的另一端端口连通的第二集流空间，第二集流体320在口琴管板370厚度方向上的两侧分别形成有供冷却液流入和流出第二集流空间的第二进液口350和第二出液口360。
如图4所示，口琴管板370具有长度方向(如图4中X轴方向所示)，宽度方向(如图4中的Y轴方向)，以及厚度方向(如图4中Z轴方向所示)。口琴管板370内部形成多个冷却通道。上述多个冷却通道均沿着图中X方向延伸设置，并且多个冷却通道在图中Y方向排列设置，相邻两个冷却通道之间由同样沿着X方向延伸设置的分隔壁分隔开。每个冷却通道均具有两个端口，这两个端口分别朝向第一集流体310和第二集流体320。因此，口琴管板370的长度方向两端具有多个冷却通道的端口。多个端口之间由口琴管板370内部的分隔壁的端部分隔开。
第一集流体310和第二集流体320分别设置在口琴管板370长度方向上的第一端和第二端。第一集流体310包括第一壳体，第一壳体内部形成第一集流空间，第一壳体面向口琴管板370的一侧敞开，以用于连接口琴管板370的第一端。因此，口琴管板370的多个冷却通道的一端端口与第一集流空间连通。第二集流体320包括第二壳体，第二壳体内部形成第二集流空间，第二壳体面向口琴管板370的一侧敞开，以用于连接口琴管板370的第二端。因此，口琴管板370的多个冷却通道的另一端端口与第二集流空间连通。在一些实施例中，第一集流体310和第二集流体320的大小形状相同，并且在口琴管板370长度方向的两端左右对称设置。
由于水冷板组件300的进液口和出液口均设置在水冷板组件300的口琴管板370厚度方向的两侧，因此在将多个水冷板组件300组装成水冷系统130时，由于每个水冷板组件300进液口和出液口的独特的设置位置，允许多个水冷板组件300的口琴管板370相互平行且间隔地组装。从而使得电池单体200能够被放置到相邻两个平行间隔设置的 水冷板组件300之间，实现对电池单体200两个侧面的冷却。这样设置可以提高电池单体200的冷却效率，同时可以实现电池单体200上下均衡的冷却效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例，多个冷却通道包括沿着口琴管板370的宽度方向排布的多个冷却通道组，多个冷却通道组中的每个冷却通道组包括至少一个冷却通道。第一集流体310包括设置在第一集流空间内的第一隔片313，第二集流体320包括设置在第二集流空间内的第二隔片323，第一隔片313和第二隔片323配置成使得多个冷却通道组构成串联连接。
如图5和图6所示，图5为本申请一些实施例的水冷板组件300的第一集流体310一端的结构示意图；图6为本申请一些实施例的水冷板组件300的第二集流体320一端的结构示意图。上述多个冷却通道可以包括三个冷却通道组，每个冷却通道组可以包括数量相等或不等的冷却通道。在图5和图6中，三个冷却通道组的界限由图中虚线示出。虽然在本实施例中，冷却通道被示出包括三个冷却通道组，但是在另外一些实施例中，冷却通道还可以包括多于三组的冷却通道组，例如5组、6组、8组等。第一隔片313和第二隔片323使得三组冷却通道组的端口分别首尾连接，从而整体形成一个类似“S”形的通道。如图4至图6所示，冷却液在口琴管板370中的流动路径可以由图中的虚线箭头表示。可以理解，对于大于三个的冷却通道组，也可以通过设置第一隔片313和第二隔片323的形状以及它们在集流空间中的位置来实现多个冷却通道组的串联连接。可以理解，大于三个的冷却通道组可以整体形成一个比“S”形具有更多往返路径的通道，例如形成“M”形甚至双“S”形的通道。
通过多个冷却通道组构成串联连接，使得多个冷却通道构成具有多个往返路径的更长的通道，从而使得流经口琴管板370的冷却液具有更多的时间与电池单体200进行热交换，从而提交了散热效率。在相关技术中，冷却液简单地从多个冷却通道的一端端口流向另一端端口，从而导致冷却液流入的一端端口温度较低，这是因为冷却液还未与电池单体200换热，而同时冷却液流出的一端端口温度较高。这会导致口琴管板370长度方向两端的温差较大，不利于电池的均衡散热。本实施例采用多个冷却通道组串联的方式，使得冷却液在口琴管板370中多次往复运动，从而使得口琴管板370两端端口的温度相对均衡。
根据本申请的一些实施例，多个冷却通道组包括沿着口琴管板370的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组371、第二冷却通道组372和第三冷却通道组373。第一隔片313构造成分隔第一冷却通道组371的端口与多个冷却通道中除第一冷却通道组371之 外的其他冷却通道的端口；并且第二隔片323构造成分隔第三冷却通道组373的端口与多个冷却通道中除第三冷却通道组373之外的其他冷却通道的端口，以使得第一冷却通道组371、第二冷却通道组372和第三冷却通道组373构成串联连接。
继续参照图4所示，多个冷却通道组包括三个冷却通道组，即第一冷却通道组371、第二冷却通道组372和第三冷却通道组373。第一冷却通道组371位于口琴管板370的上部，第二冷却通道组372位于口琴管板370的中部，第三冷却通道组373位于口琴管板370的下部。第一冷却通道组371、第二冷却通道组372和第三冷却通道组373可以包括同等数量的冷却通道。如图5所示，在第一集流空间中，第一隔片313将该空间分隔成两个独立子空间，其中一个子空间连通第一冷却通道组371的端口，另一个子空间连通第二冷却通道组372和第三冷却通道组373的端口。如图6所示，在第二集流空间中，第二隔片323将该空间分隔成两个独立子空间，其中一个子空间连通第一冷却通道组371和第二冷却通道组372的端口，另一个子空间连通第三冷却通道组373的端口。这样设置可以使得第一冷却通道组371、第二冷却通道组372和第三冷却通道组373的端口首尾相连，从而构成串联连接。
本实施例采用三个冷却通道组串联的方式，使得冷却液在口琴管板370中进行“S”形往复运动，从而使得口琴管板370两端端口的温度相对均衡。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一集流体310还包括：在口琴管板370厚度方向上并排设置的第一集流片311和第二集流片312，其中，第一集流片311和第二集流片312分别朝向两个相反方向隆起。第二集流体320还包括：在口琴管板370厚度方向上并排设置的第三集流片321和第四集流片322，其中，第三集流片321和第四集流片322分别朝向两个相反方向隆起。第一集流片311和第二集流片312的至少部分边缘相结合以使得两者的隆起部分限定第一集流空间，并且第三集流片321和第四集流片322的至少部分边缘相结合以使得两者的隆起部分限定第二集流空间。
如图5和图6所示，第一集流体310的第一壳体由第一集流片311和第二集流片312结合构成，第一集流片311和第二集流片312的中间区域部分分别朝向两个相反方向隆起，例如朝向口琴管板370的厚度方向的两侧隆起，从而使得第一集流片311和第二集流片312在相对的侧面分别形成一个凹陷。第一集流片311和第二集流片312的边缘结合，从而在这两个集流片之间形成与口琴管板370的厚度大致相同的第一集流空间。第二集流体320的第二壳体由第三集流片321和第四集流片322结合构成，第三集流片321和第四集流片322的中间区域部分分别朝向两个相反方向隆起，例如朝向口琴管板 370的厚度方向的两侧隆起，从而使得第三集流片321和第四集流片322在相对的侧面分别形成一个凹陷。第三集流片321和第四集流片322的边缘结合，从而在这两个集流片之间形成与口琴管板370的厚度大致相同的第二集流空间。
第一集流体310和第二集流体320均由两个集流片结合构成，集流片上的隆起部分可以通过简单的冲压形成。因此，第一集流体310和第二集流体320的构造相对简单，便于生产制造。
在一些实施例中，第一进液口330和第一出液口340分别设置在第一集流片311和第二集流片312上。第二进液口350和第二出液口360分别设置在第三集流片321和第四集流片322上。
第一集流片311和第二集流片312的隆起部分可以形成为平面，以便于将第一进液口330和第一出液口340分别开设在第一集流片311和第二集流片312的隆起部分上。第三集流片321和第四集流片322的隆起部分也可以形成为平面，以便于将第二进液口350和第二出液口360分别开设在第三集流片321和第四集流片322的隆起部分上。
将第一进液口330和第一出液口340分别设置在第一集流片311和第二集流片312上，便于将第一进液口330和第一出液口340在第一集流体310的高度方向上对齐。同理，将第二进液口350和第二出液口360分别设置在第三集流片321和第四集流片322上，便于将第二进液口350和第二出液口360在第二集流体320的高度方向上对齐。
在一些实施例中，第一进液口330和第一出液口340在参考平面上的投影重合。参考平面是与口琴管板370的厚度方向两侧的侧面平行的平面。第二进液口350和第二出液口360在参考平面上的投影同样重合。
在一些实施例中，如图5和图6所示，第一进液口330和第一出液口340在参考平面上的投影重合意味着第一进液口330和第一出液口340设置在第一集流体310的相同高度上；第二进液口350和第二出液口360在参考平面上的投影重合意味着第二进液口350和第二出液口360设置在第二集流体320的相同高度上。在一些实施例中，第一进液口330、第一出液口340、第二进液口350和第二出液口360均可以设置在第一集流体310或第二集流体320高度方向的中间位置处。
这样设置使得将多个水冷板组件300组装成水冷系统130时，相邻两个水冷板组件300的进液口和出液口都在同一水平高度上，以便于相邻两个水冷板组件300之间的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一集流片311的至少部分边缘和第二集流片312的至少部分边缘通过焊接结合。第三集流片321的至少部分边缘和第四集流片322的至少部分边缘通过焊接结合。
焊接结合使得第一集流片311和第二集流片312之间的结合以及第三集流片321和第四集流片322之间的结合更加牢固。
在一些实施例中，第一集流片311的至少部分边缘和第二集流片312的至少部分边缘通过卡接结合。第三集流片321的至少部分边缘和第四集流片322的至少部分边缘通过卡接结合。
卡接结合有利于第一集流片311和第二集流片312之间以及第三集流片321和第四集流片322之间快速、简单的结合。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图7所示，图7为本申请一些实施例的水冷板组件300的第一集流体310的分解结构示意图，第一集流片311的边缘还设置有多个第一卡槽311a，并且第二集流片312的边缘的对应位置还设置有多个第一卡扣312b，第一卡槽311a与对应的第一卡扣312b相结合以实现第一集流片311和第二集流片312的卡接结合。第三集流片321的边缘还设置有多个第二卡槽(未在附图中示出)，并且第四集流片322的边缘的对应位置还设置有多个第二卡扣(未在附图中示出)，第二卡槽与对应的第二卡扣相结合以实现第三集流片321和第四集流片322的卡接结合。
如图7所示，在第一集流片311边缘的多个拐角位置设置有第一卡槽311a，另外在第一集流片311竖直边缘的区段上还设置有另外三个第一卡槽311a。第二集流片312的边缘的对应位置设置有多个第一卡扣312b，这些卡扣例如可以是卡爪的形式，以在第一集流片311和第二集流片312相结合时，第一卡扣312b的卡爪夹持住第二集流片312的外侧。第二卡扣和第二卡槽的设置位置和使用原理与第一卡扣312b和第一卡槽311a类似，这里不再赘述。
设置多个第一卡扣312b和第一卡槽311a以及多个第二卡扣和第二卡槽加强了集流片之间的连接强度。同时，在两个集流片的对应位置设置卡扣和卡槽便于两个集流片之间进行对齐。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一集流片311、第二集流片312、第三集流片321和第四集流片322中的一者或多者还设置有定位部，配置成用于在水冷板组件300的安装过程中，将水冷板组件300与其它水冷板组件300对齐。
如图7所示，定位部可以包括第一集流体310的第一集流片311上设置的第一定位孔311c和第二集流片312上设置的第二定位孔312c。在第一集流片311和第二集流片312结合时，第一定位孔311c和第二定位孔312c对齐。另外，在对多个水冷板组件300进行组装时，也可以参照每个水冷板组件300的定位部将多个水冷板组件300在高度方向上(即图4所示的Y方向)彼此对齐。虽然在本实施例中，定位部设置在第一集流体310上，但是在另外一些实施例中，定位部还可以设置在第二集流体320上，或者设置在第一集流体310和第二集流体320两者上。
当第一集流体310包括设置在第一集流空间内的第一隔片313，并且多个冷却通道组包括沿着口琴管板370的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组371、第二冷却通道组372和第三冷却通道组373时，第一隔片313还包括：第一连接区段313a、第一弧形区段313b和第二连接区段313c。第一连接区段313a沿着第一集流片311和第二集流片312的至少部分边缘延伸设置，并且固定到第一集流片311和第二集流片312的边缘内侧。第一弧形区段313b沿着第一进液口330和第一出液口340的至少部分边缘延伸设置，以避让第一进液口330和第一出液口340。第二连接区段313c连接到口琴管板370的第一端的边缘，并固定到第一冷却通道组371的端口和第二冷却通道组372的端口之间。
图8为本申请一些实施例的第一隔片313的结构示意图；图9为本申请一些实施例的第二隔片323的结构示意图。如图5和图8所示，第一隔片313由第一主体部313d和在第一主体部313d的至少部分边缘上形成的第一翻边构成。第一主体部313d为和第二集流片312贴合的平面片状结构，示例性地，第一主体部313d可以通过焊接固定在第二集流片312的内侧。第一翻边朝向第一集流片311突出设置，并且在第一集流片311和第二集流片312结合后，该第一翻边的上边沿接触第一集流片311的内侧。因此，第一翻边起到将第一集流空间分隔成两个子空间的作用。第一翻边包括第一连接区段313a、第一弧形区段313b和第二连接区段313c。第一连接区段313a的一端抵靠第一集流片311和第二集流片312的边缘内侧。第一弧形区段313b和第一出液口340的至少部分边缘重合，这样可以避免阻碍冷却液进出第一集流空间。第二连接区段313c的一端连接到口琴管板370中第一冷却通道组371的端口和第二冷却通道组372的端口之间的分隔壁上，如此将这两个冷却通道组分隔开。
将第一隔片313的一部分设置为具有三区段的延伸结构，有效地将第一集流空间分隔成两个独立的子空间，并且避免了阻碍冷却液进出第一集流空间。
当第二集流体320包括设置在第二集流空间内的第二隔片323，并且多个冷却通道组包括沿着口琴管板370的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组371、第二冷却通道组372和第三冷却通道组373时，第二隔片323还包括：第三连接区段323a、第二弧形区段323b和第四连接区段323c。第三连接区段323a沿着第三集流片321和第四集流片322的至少部分边缘延伸设置，并且固定到第三集流片321和第四集流片322的边缘内侧。第二弧形区段323b沿着第二进液口350和第二出液口360的至少部分边缘延伸设置，以避让第二进液口350和第二出液口360。第四连接区段323c连接到口琴管板370的第二端的边缘，并固定到第三冷却通道组373的端口和第二冷却通道组372的端口之间。
如图6和图9所示，第二隔片323由第二主体部323d和在第二主体部323d的至少部分边缘上形成的第二翻边构成。第二主体部323d为和第三集流片321贴合的平面片状结构，示例性地，第二主体部323d可以通过焊接固定在第三集流片321的内侧。第二翻边朝向第四集流片322突出设置，并且在第三集流片321和第四集流片322结合后，该第二翻边的上边沿接触第四集流片322的内侧。因此，第二翻边起到将第二集流空间分隔成两个子空间的作用。第二翻边包括第三连接区段323a、第二弧形区段323b和第四连接区段323c。第三连接区段323a的一端抵靠第三集流片321和第四集流片322的边缘内侧。第二弧形区段323b和第二进液口350的至少部分边缘重合，这样可以避免阻碍冷却液进出第二集流空间。第四连接区段323c的一端连接到口琴管板370中第二冷却通道组372的端口和第三冷却通道组373的端口之间的分隔壁上，如此将这两个冷却通道组分隔开。
将第二隔片323的一部分设置为具有三区段的延伸结构，有效地将第二集流空间分隔成两个独立的子空间，并且避免了阻碍冷却液进出第二集流空间。
本申请还提供了一种水冷系统130，返回到图2，该水冷系统130包括上述多个水冷板组件300。多个水冷板组件300并排间隔设置，对于多个水冷板组件300中的任一相邻两个水冷板组件300。相邻两个水冷板组件300中的一个水冷板组件300的第一进液口330和第二出液口360分别与另一个水冷板组件300的第一出液口340和第二进液口350连通，以实现相邻两个水冷板组件300之间的连接。
水冷系统130包括多个水冷板组件300，例如如图2所示，包括6个水冷板组件300。但是在另外一些实施例中，水冷系统130还可以包括大于6个或小于6个的水冷板组件300。第一排的水冷板组件300(图2所示的最前侧的水冷板组件300)的第一进液口330构成整个水冷系统130的总进液口，其第二出液口360构成整个水冷系统130的 总出液口。对于中间多排的水冷板组件300中的任一个水冷板组件300，其第一进液口330与前一个水冷板组件300的第一出液口340相连，其第一出液口340与后一个水冷板组件300的第一进液口330相连，其第二进液口350与后一个水冷板组件300的第二出液口360相连，其第二出液口360与前一个水冷板组件300的第二进液口350相连。最后一排的水冷板组件300的第一出液口340和第二进液口350被封闭。这样设置使得水冷系统130形成一个冷却液循环系统，冷却液将从水冷系统130的第一排的水冷板组件300的第一进液口330进入，然后到达多排水冷板组件300的第一集流空间中。对于每一个水冷板组件300，冷却液分别从其第一集流空间经由口琴管板370的冷却通道流动到第二集流空间。最后，冷却液在多排水冷板组件300的第二集流空间中汇聚，并最终从第一排的水冷板组件300的第二出液口360流出。流出的冷却液可以经由电池外部的冷却装置进行冷却，然后再次输入到第一排的水冷板组件300的第一进液口330中。
本实施例的水冷系统130，可以通过将多个水冷板组件300连接形成一个冷却液循环系统，从而便于冷却液在其中进行循环。
在一些实施例中，如图5和图6所示，水冷系统130还包括多个连接管400，多个连接管400中的每个连接管400用于连通相邻两个水冷板组件300的第一进液口330和第一出液口340或用于连通相邻两个水冷板组件300的第二进液口350和第二出液口360。水冷系统130的每个水冷板组件300的第一进液口330、第二进液口350、第一出液口340和第二出液口360均形成朝向该水冷板组件300外部伸出的凸缘，凸缘通过插接到对应的连接管400的内部来实现第一进液口330、第二进液口350、第一出液口340或第二出液口360与连接管400之间的连接。
通过连接管400将前后两个相邻的水冷板组件300的进液口和出液口相连，提高了水冷板组件300之间的连接强度，同时还保证了相邻的水冷板组件300之间具有一定的间隙，以用于容纳电池单体200。
根据本申请的又一个方面，还提供了一种电池的箱体100，箱体100用于容纳电池单体200。如图2所示，上述箱体100除了第一部分110和第二部分120以外，还包括上述水冷系统130，水冷系统130中的水冷板组件300贴靠电池单体200以冷却电池单体200。参考图3，在一些实施例中，水冷板组件300可以设置为箱体100的一部分，并固定到箱体100内部。
根据本申请的一个方面，还提供了一种电池10，该电池10包括：电池单体200和上述的箱体100。箱体100用于容纳电池单体200。
根据本申请的一个方面，还提供了一种电池10，该电池10包括：上述水冷系统130以及多个电池单体200。多个电池单体200中的至少部分电池单体200设置在水冷系统130的相邻两个水冷板组件300之间的间隙中。至少部分电池单体200中的每个电池单体200的两个相对侧面分别贴靠相邻两个水冷板组件300的口琴管板370，以使得水冷系统130对每个电池单体200的两个相对侧面进行冷却。
本实施例的电池，其水冷系统130的相邻两个水冷板组件300能够对每个电池单体200的两个相对侧面分别进行冷却，从而可以提高电池单体200的冷却效率，同时可以实现电池单体200上下均衡的冷却效果。
根据本申请的一个方面，还提供了一种用电装置1，电池10用于为用电装置1提供动能。该用电装置1的具体结构可以参照关于图1的描述，这里不再赘述。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种水冷板组件，包括：
    口琴管板，其内部形成有沿着所述口琴管板的长度方向延伸的多个冷却通道，所述多个冷却通道沿着所述口琴管板的宽度方向并行排列，以供冷却液流动通过；
    第一集流体，设置在所述口琴管板的长度方向上的第一端并且形成有与所述多个冷却通道的一端端口连通的第一集流空间，所述第一集流体在所述口琴管板厚度方向的两侧分别形成有供所述冷却液流入和流出所述第一集流空间的第一进液口和第一出液口；和
    第二集流体，设置在所述口琴管板的长度方向上的与所述第一端相对的第二端并且形成有与所述多个冷却通道的另一端端口连通的第二集流空间，所述第二集流体在所述口琴管板厚度方向上的两侧分别形成有供所述冷却液流入和流出所述第二集流空间的第二进液口和第二出液口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的水冷板组件，其中，所述多个冷却通道包括沿着所述口琴管板的宽度方向排布的多个冷却通道组，所述多个冷却通道组中的每个冷却通道组包括至少一个冷却通道；其中
    所述第一集流体包括设置在所述第一集流空间内的第一隔片，所述第二集流体包括设置在所述第二集流空间内的第二隔片，所述第一隔片和所述第二隔片配置成使得所述多个冷却通道组构成串联连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的水冷板组件，其中，所述多个冷却通道组包括沿着所述口琴管板的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组、第二冷却通道组和第三冷却通道组；其中
    所述第一隔片构造成分隔所述第一冷却通道组的端口与所述多个冷却通道中除所述第一冷却通道组之外的其他冷却通道的端口；并且所述第二隔片构造成分隔所述第三冷却通道组的端口与所述多个冷却通道中除所述第三冷却通道组之外的其他冷却通道的端口，以使得所述第一冷却通道组、所述第二冷却通道组和所述第三冷却通道组构成串联连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的水冷板组件，其中，
    所述第一集流体还包括：在所述口琴管板厚度方向上并排设置的第一集流片和第二集流片，其中，所述第一集流片和所述第二集流片分别朝向两个相反方向隆起；并且
    所述第二集流体还包括：在所述口琴管板厚度方向上并排设置的第三集流片和第四集流片，其中，所述第三集流片和所述第四集流片分别朝向两个相反方向隆起，其中
    所述第一集流片和第二集流片的至少部分边缘相结合以使得两者的隆起部分限定所述第一集流空间，并且所述第三集流片和第四集流片的至少部分边缘相结合以使得两者的隆起部分限定所述第二集流空间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的水冷板组件，其中，
    所述第一进液口和所述第一出液口分别设置在所述第一集流片和所述第二集流片上；并且
    所述第二进液口和所述第二出液口分别设置在所述第三集流片和所述第四集流片上。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的水冷板组件，其中，
    所述第一进液口和所述第一出液口在参考平面上的投影重合，其中，所述参考平面是与所述口琴管板的厚度方向两侧的侧面平行的平面；并且
    所述第二进液口和所述第二出液口在所述参考平面上的投影重合。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的水冷板组件，其中，
    所述第一集流片的至少部分边缘和第二集流片的至少部分边缘通过焊接结合；并且
    所述第三集流片的至少部分边缘和第四集流片的至少部分边缘通过焊接结合。
  8. 根据权利要求4或5所述的水冷板组件，其中，
    所述第一集流片的至少部分边缘和第二集流片的至少部分边缘通过卡接结合；并且
    所述第三集流片的至少部分边缘和第四集流片的至少部分边缘通过卡接结合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的水冷板组件，其中，
    所述第一集流片的边缘还设置有多个第一卡槽，并且所述第二集流片的边缘的对应位置还设置有多个第一卡扣，所述第一卡槽与对应的所述第一卡扣相结合以实现所述第一集流片和第二集流片的卡接结合；并且
    所述第三集流片的边缘还设置有多个第二卡槽，并且所述第四集流片的边缘的对应位置还设置有多个第二卡扣，所述第二卡槽与对应的所述第二卡扣相结合以实现所述第三集流片和第四集流片的卡接结合。
  10. 根据权利要求4-9中任一项所述的水冷板组件，其中，
    所述第一集流片、所述第二集流片、所述第三集流片和所述第四集流片中的一者或多者还设置有定位部，配置成用于在所述水冷板组件的安装过程中，将所述水冷板组件与其它水冷板组件对齐。
  11. 根据权利要求4-10中任一项所述的水冷板组件，其中，当所述第一集流体包括设置在所述第一集流空间内的第一隔片，并且所述多个冷却通道组包括沿着所述口琴管板的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组、第二冷却通道组和第三冷却通道组时，所述第一隔片还包括：
    第一连接区段，沿着所述第一集流片和所述第二集流片的至少部分边缘延伸设置，并且固定到所述第一集流片和所述第二集流片的边缘内侧；
    第一弧形区段，沿着所述第一进液口和所述第一出液口的至少部分边缘延伸设置，以避让所述第一进液口和所述第一出液口；和
    第二连接区段，连接到所述口琴管板的第一端的边缘，并固定到所述第一冷却通道组的端口和所述第二冷却通道组的端口之间。
  12. 根据权利要求4-11中任一项所述的水冷板组件，其中，当所述第二集流体包括设置在所述第二集流空间内的第二隔片，并且所述多个冷却通道组包括沿着所述口琴管板的宽度方向依次排布的第一冷却通道组、第二冷却通道组和第三冷却通道组时，所述第二隔片还包括：
    第三连接区段，沿着所述第三集流片和所述第四集流片的至少部分边缘延伸设置，并且固定到所述第三集流片和所述第四集流片的边缘内侧；
    第二弧形区段，沿着所述第二进液口和所述第二出液口的至少部分边缘延伸设置，以避让所述第二进液口和所述第二出液口；和
    第四连接区段，连接到所述口琴管板的第二端的边缘，并固定到所述第三冷却通道组的端口和所述第二冷却通道组的端口之间。
  13. 一种水冷系统，，包括多个如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的水冷板组件，其中，多个水冷板组件并排间隔设置，对于所述多个水冷板组件中的任一相邻两个水冷板组件：
    所述相邻两个水冷板组件中的一个水冷板组件的所述第一进液口和所述第二出液口分别与另一个水冷板组件的所述第一出液口和所述第二进液口连通，以实现所述相邻两个水冷板组件之间的连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的水冷系统，还包括：
    多个连接管，所述多个连接管中的每个连接管用于连通相邻两个水冷板组件的第一进液口和第一出液口或用于连通相邻两个水冷板组件的第二进液口和第二出液口，其中
    所述水冷系统的每个水冷板组件的第一进液口、第二进液口、第一出液口和第二出液口均形成朝向该水冷板组件外部伸出的凸缘，所述凸缘通过插接到对应的连接管的内部来实现所述第一进液口、所述第二进液口、所述第一出液口或所述第二出液口与所述连接管之间的连接。
  15. 一种电池的箱体，所述箱体用于容纳电池单体，包括如权利要求1-12所述的任一项水冷板组件，所述水冷板组件贴靠所述电池单体以冷却所述电池单体。
  16. 一种电池，包括：
    电池单体；
    如权利要求15所述的电池的箱体，所述箱体用于容纳所述电池单体。
  17. 一种电池，包括：
    如权利要求13或14所述的水冷系统；以及
    多个电池单体，所述多个电池单体中的至少部分电池单体设置在所述水冷系统的相邻两个水冷板组件之间的间隙中，其中
    所述至少部分电池单体中的每个电池单体的两个相对侧面分别贴靠所述相邻两个水冷板组件的口琴管板，以使得所述水冷系统对每个电池单体的所述两个相对侧面进行冷却。
  18. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求16或17所述的任一项电池，所述电池用于为所述用电装置提供动能。
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