WO2023179338A1 - 一种电池 - Google Patents

一种电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023179338A1
WO2023179338A1 PCT/CN2023/079526 CN2023079526W WO2023179338A1 WO 2023179338 A1 WO2023179338 A1 WO 2023179338A1 CN 2023079526 W CN2023079526 W CN 2023079526W WO 2023179338 A1 WO2023179338 A1 WO 2023179338A1
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Prior art keywords
lithium
edge sealing
battery
electrolyte
content
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PCT/CN2023/079526
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王海
王烽
李素丽
李俊义
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珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023179338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023179338A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/60—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
    • H01M4/602—Polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and in particular to a battery.
  • Lithium battery is an energy storage device with high energy density and cycle performance, and is widely used in mobile electronic products and new energy vehicles.
  • Soft-packed lithium batteries are a major type of lithium battery. In related technologies, soft-packed lithium batteries are packaged with aluminum-plastic films.
  • the electrolyte in the lithium battery contains lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), which reacts with the water vapor that penetrates into the lithium battery to form hydrofluoric acid (HF), which accelerates the aging of the aluminum-plastic film and shortens the service life of the lithium battery.
  • LiPF 6 lithium hexafluorophosphate
  • HF hydrofluoric acid
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a battery to solve the problem of short service life of lithium batteries existing in related technologies.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery, including a battery core, an electrolyte and an aluminum-plastic film.
  • the aluminum-plastic film includes an upper film and a lower film arranged oppositely, and the upper film and the lower film are opposite to each other. Connected to form an accommodation cavity, the battery core and the electrolyte are arranged in the accommodation cavity;
  • the electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, additives, and a lithium salt, wherein the lithium salt includes lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide (LiFSI).
  • LiFSI lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide
  • the position where the upper film and the lower film are connected forms an edge sealing.
  • the edge sealing includes a top edge sealing and a side sealing edge.
  • the content of the lithium hexafluorophosphate, the bisfluorosulfonate The relationship between the content of lithium imide, the width of the top edge and the width of the side edge is:
  • the A 1 is the mass fraction of the lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte
  • the A 2 is the mass fraction of the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide in the electrolyte
  • the W 1 is the mass fraction of the lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte.
  • each parameter only uses its numerical part for calculation, and its unit part does not participate in the calculation.
  • the lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte is The mass fraction A 1 is 18%, and the mass of the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide in the electrolyte is The fraction A2 is 1%, the width W1 of the top edge sealing is 4mm, and the width W2 of the side edge sealing is 10mm, then
  • the L is the minimum edge sealing strength of the edge sealing package, the unit is N/15mm; the x 2 is 16.45, and the x 3 is 14.12.
  • the relationship between the content of the lithium hexafluorophosphate, the content of the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide and the minimum edge sealing strength of the edge sealing package is:
  • x 4 is a constant not greater than 0.006.
  • the relationship between the content of the lithium hexafluorophosphate and the content of the lithium bisfluorosulfonimide includes: A 1 +A 2 ⁇ x 5 A 1 -A 2 ⁇ x 6
  • the x 5 is 12% and the x 6 is 17%.
  • the relationship between the content of the lithium hexafluorophosphate and the content of the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide also includes:
  • the x 7 is 0.01.
  • the range of A 1 is 0.1%-30%, and the range of A 2 is 0.1%-30%.
  • the W 1 is not less than the preset value Y, where the Y satisfies:
  • the H is the thickness of the edge sealing, in ⁇ m; the x 8 , x 9 , x 10 and x 11 are all constants.
  • the range of x 8 is 0.001-0.01
  • the range of x 9 is 0.001-0.01
  • the range of x 10 is 0.001-0.01
  • the range of x 11 is 0.001 -0.01.
  • the additive includes styrene, and the mass fraction of styrene in the electrolyte is 0.1%-1%.
  • the disclosed embodiments use lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium bisfluorosulfonimide as lithium sources.
  • Lithium bisfluorosulfonimide does not react with water to generate hydrofluoric acid, which can effectively reduce the content of hydrofluoric acid and slow down the degradation of packaging films. aging, thus extending the battery life.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the top edge sealing and side sealing edge of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a relationship diagram between edge sealing width and edge sealing strength provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a relationship diagram between the width of the top edge sealing and the width of the side edge sealing provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery, including a battery core 10, an electrolyte 20 and an aluminum-plastic film.
  • the aluminum-plastic film includes an upper film and a lower film arranged oppositely.
  • the upper membrane and the lower membrane are connected to form an accommodation cavity, and the battery core 10 and the electrolyte 20 are arranged in the accommodation cavity;
  • the electrolyte 20 includes a nonaqueous organic solvent, additives, and lithium salts, wherein the lithium salts include lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide.
  • lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide are used as lithium sources for charge and discharge cycles at the same time.
  • the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide does not react with water to form hydrofluoric acid, which can effectively reduce the internal temperature of the battery.
  • the content of hydrofluoric acid can slow down the aging of the battery packaging film and extend the service life of the battery.
  • lithium hexafluorophosphate has excellent charge and discharge cycle performance, lithium hexafluorophosphate will have the following side reactions with water: LiPF 6 +2H 2 O ⁇ LiPO 2 F 2 +4HF; LiPF 6 ⁇ LiF+PF 5 ; PF 5 +H 2 O ⁇ POF 3 +2HF.
  • hydrofluoric acid is produced in the battery, which corrodes the aluminum-plastic film of the battery and accelerates the aging rate of the aluminum-plastic film.
  • the generation of hydrofluoric acid will increase the pressure inside the battery, causing the aluminum-plastic film package of the battery to be subject to tensile stress. Excessive tensile stress will cause battery failure.
  • the aluminum-plastic film includes an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer.
  • the outer layer is made of polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate or a composite
  • the middle layer is made of aluminum material
  • the inner layer is made of polypropylene or a modified composite.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure replace part of lithium hexafluorophosphate with lithium bisfluorosulfonimide as a lithium source, thereby reducing the amount of hydrofluoric acid that may be generated and extending the service life of the battery.
  • the position where the upper film and the lower film are connected forms an edge sealing 30.
  • the edge sealing 30 includes a top edge sealing 301 and a side sealing edge 302.
  • the lithium hexafluorophosphate The relationship between the content of lithium bisfluorosulfonimide, the width of the top edge 301 and the width of the side edge 302 is:
  • a 1 is the mass fraction of the lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte 20
  • a 2 is the mass fraction of the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide in the electrolyte 20
  • W 1 is the width of the top edge 301
  • W 2 is the width of the side sealing edge 302
  • x 1 is a constant not greater than 0.2.
  • the content of hydrofluoric acid generated is different under different contents of lithium bisfluorosulfonimide and lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the design requirements for the width of the top edge sealing 301 and the width of the side sealing edge 302 are also inconsistent.
  • the content of lithium hexafluorophosphate is small, less hydrofluoric acid is generated, and the width of the top edge 301 and the width of the side edge 302 can be designed to be smaller; when the content of lithium hexafluorophosphate is large, hydrogen is generated.
  • the width of the top edge sealing 301 and the width of the side sealing edge 302 can be designed to be larger. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, if the conditions are met, the battery can be used normally within the design life of 15 years.
  • the units of A 1 and A 2 are mass percentage, and the units of W 1 and W 2 are mm.
  • L is the minimum edge sealing strength of the package with edge sealing 30
  • x 2 is 16.45
  • x 3 is 14.12.
  • the minimum edge sealing strength of the edge sealing package can be tested by the following method. Specifically: two pieces of aluminum plastic film are hot pressed together, and cut into 15mm wide in the edge sealing direction. Rectangle, and then use a tensile machine to test the tensile force to separate the two pieces of aluminum-plastic film that are bonded together.
  • edge-sealing strength there is an approximately linear relationship between the edge-sealing strength and the edge-sealing width.
  • the optimal lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium hexafluorophosphate can be better analyzed through the edge-sealing strength. Content of lithium bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • the unit of L is N/15mm.
  • the relationship between the content of the lithium hexafluorophosphate, the content of the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide and the minimum sealing strength of the package of the edge sealing 30 is:
  • x 4 is a constant not greater than 0.006.
  • the content of hydrofluoric acid produced is different under different contents of lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide and lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the design requirements for the width of the top edge sealing 301 and the edge sealing strength of the side sealing edges 302 are also inconsistent.
  • the width of the top edge sealing 301, the width of the side sealing edge 302, the edge sealing strength of the top edge sealing 301 and the edge sealing strength of the side edge sealing 302 It can be smaller; when the content of lithium hexafluorophosphate is larger, more hydrofluoric acid is produced, the width of the top edge sealing 301, the width of the side edge sealing 302, the edge sealing strength of the top edge sealing 301 and the side edge sealing The edge sealing strength of 302 can be greater. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, if the above conditions are met, the battery can be used normally within the design life of 15 years.
  • the relationship between the content of the lithium hexafluorophosphate and the content of the lithium bisfluorosulfonimide includes: A 1 +A 2 ⁇ x 5 A 1 -A 2 ⁇ x 6
  • x 5 is 12% and x 6 is 17%.
  • the lithium sources used for battery charge and discharge cycles are mainly lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium bisfluorosulfonimide
  • the lithium sources in the battery are the lithium hexafluorophosphate and the bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • the mass fraction of lithium sulfonylimide in the electrolyte 20 is not less than 12%. In this case, the lithium ions in the electrolyte 20 can maintain the charge and discharge cycle performance of the battery at a high level.
  • the optimal usage range of the mass fraction of the mass fraction of the lithium hexafluorophosphate and the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide in the electrolyte 20 is no more than 17%, which is obtained through experimental testing.
  • the relationship between the content of the lithium hexafluorophosphate and the content of the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide also includes:
  • x 7 is 0.01.
  • lithium hexafluorophosphate has high ionic conductivity and a stable electrochemical window
  • lithium bisfluorosulfonimide can effectively improve the problem of easy thermal decomposition of lithium hexafluorophosphate by combining lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium bisfluorosulfonimide.
  • Mixing can effectively reduce the content of hydrofluoric acid produced while maintaining high charge-discharge cycle performance and extend the service life of the battery.
  • the mass ratio of the lithium bisfluorosulfonimide and the lithium hexafluorophosphate is not less than 0.01 obtained through experiments in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a 1 ranges from 0.1% to 30% (such as 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% or 30%)
  • a 2 ranges from 0.1% to 30% (eg 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% or 30%).
  • the mass fraction of the lithium hexafluorophosphate as the lithium source in the electrolyte 20 The range is 0.1%-30%, and the mass fraction of the lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide in the electrolyte 20 is in the range 0.1%-30%.
  • the lithium ions in the electrolyte 20 will be low, which will lead to a decrease in the charge and discharge cycle performance of the battery; if the electrolyte 20 If the content of lithium hexafluorophosphate in the battery is too high, the lithium hexafluorophosphate will still react with water to generate more hydrofluoric acid, resulting in accelerated aging of the aluminum-plastic film and reduced battery life.
  • the optimal range of the mass ratio of the lithium hexafluorophosphate to the electrolyte 20 is 0.1%-30%, and the optimal range of the mass ratio of the lithium bisfluorosulfonimide to the electrolyte 20 is The optimal range is 0.1%-30%.
  • W 1 is not less than the preset value Y, where Y satisfies:
  • H is the thickness of the edge sealing 30 (including the top edge sealing 301 and the side sealing edge 302), and the unit is ⁇ m; x 8 , x 9 , x 10 and x 11 are all constants.
  • water vapor can penetrate into the battery through the inner layers of the top edge sealing 301 and the side edge sealing 302, and react with the lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte 20 to generate hydrofluoric acid.
  • the width of 301 and the width of side sealing edge 302 need to reduce the possibility of water vapor entering the inside of the battery as much as possible while saving materials.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure has obtained through experimental testing that when the width of the top edge 301 and the width of the side edge 302 meet the above conditions, the battery can be used safely within the design life.
  • the above formula reflects the correlation between the width of the top edge sealing and the width of the side edge sealing.
  • the thickness value of the edge sealing 30 is determined, according to the different width values of the side edge sealing 302, the Getting the default value is also different. Therefore, by calculating the preset value corresponding to the width value of each side of the edge sealing 302 according to the formula, the boundary curve of the width of the top edge sealing can be obtained under different thicknesses of the edge sealing.
  • the thickness of the aluminum-plastic film used for packaging is usually between 210 ⁇ m-270 ⁇ m, Therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, an aluminum-plastic film with a thickness of 250 ⁇ m is selected for packaging.
  • the width range of the top edge sealing 301 that can be effectively packaged when the design life is 15 years is not less than 0.8mm, and the width range of the side edge sealing 302 is not less than 4.1mm.
  • the width of the top edge sealing 301 and the width of the side edge sealing 302 cannot be increased indefinitely, so the width of the top edge sealing 301 and the width of the side edge sealing 302 of the battery need to be limited to realize the process possibilities and The purpose of saving materials.
  • the width range of the top edge sealing 301 is designed to be 0.8mm-10mm, and the width range of the side edge sealing 302 is designed to be 4.1mm-10mm, which can effectively carry out packaging within the design life of 15 years. .
  • the width of the top sealing edge 301 is the top sealing width
  • the width of the side sealing edge 302 is the side sealing width.
  • the top sealing width is not less than 0.8mm
  • the side sealing width is not less than At 4.1mm, the battery can be used safely within the design life (15 years).
  • the range of x 8 is 0.001-0.01
  • the range of x 9 is 0.001-0.01
  • the range of x 10 is 0.001-0.01
  • the range of x 11 is 0.001-0.01.
  • the values of x 8 , x 9 , x 10 and x 11 are not limited.
  • the range of x 8 is 0.001-0.01
  • the range of x 9 is 0.001-0.01.
  • the range of x 10 is 0.001-0.01 and the range of x 11 is 0.001-0.01.
  • a relationship curve between the top edge sealing 301 and the side sealing edge 302 that can meet the expected lifespan can be obtained.
  • the curve fitted as shown in Figure 4 is:
  • the value of x 8 in the formula is 0.0092721
  • the value of x 9 is 0.0039685
  • the value of x 10 is 0.0062564
  • the value of x 11 is 0.0194843.
  • the additive includes styrene, and the mass fraction of styrene in the electrolyte 20 is 0.1%-1% (for example, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% , 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9% or 1%).
  • the styrene can react with the aluminum plastic film, the styrene molecules gather on the surface of the aluminum plastic film, and a polymerization reaction occurs on the surface of the aluminum plastic film, thereby strengthening the
  • the packaging effect of the aluminum-plastic film improves the cycle performance and storage performance of the battery and extends the service life of the battery.
  • batteries with different parameters are tested through experiments.
  • the testing steps are as follows:
  • Preparing the battery positive electrode sheet Mix the positive active material LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 , the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and the conductive agent acetylene black in a weight ratio of 97:1.5:1.5, and add N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), stir under the action of a vacuum mixer until the mixed system becomes a uniformly fluid cathode slurry; the cathode slurry is evenly coated on an aluminum foil with a thickness of 12 ⁇ m; the above-mentioned coated aluminum foil is placed in section 5 After baking in ovens with different temperature gradients, they were dried in an oven at 120°C for 8 hours, and then Roll and cut to obtain the required positive electrode sheets.
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • Preparing the battery negative electrode sheet Mix the negative active material artificial graphite, thickener sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na), binder styrene-butadiene rubber and conductive agent acetylene black in a weight ratio of 97:1:1:1 , add deionized water, and obtain the negative electrode slurry under the action of a vacuum mixer; apply the negative electrode slurry evenly on a copper foil with a thickness of 8 ⁇ m; dry the above-mentioned coated copper foil at room temperature and transfer it to 80 °C oven drying for 10 hours, and then cold pressed and cut to obtain the required negative electrode sheets.
  • CMC-Na thickener sodium carboxymethylcellulose
  • binder styrene-butadiene rubber and conductive agent acetylene black in a weight ratio of 97:1:1 , add deionized water, and obtain the negative electrode slurry under the action of a vacuum mixer; apply the negative electrode slurry evenly on a copper
  • High-temperature storage test The batteries obtained in the Examples and Comparative Examples were subjected to 5 charge-discharge cycle tests at room temperature at a charge-discharge rate of 1C, and then charged to 4.2V at a rate of 1C (cut-off current is 0.02C). Record the 1C capacity Q and battery thickness T respectively. After storing the fully charged battery at 60°C for 30 days, record the battery thickness T0 and 1C discharge capacity Q1, then charge and discharge the battery at room temperature at a rate of 1C for 5 weeks, record the 1C discharge capacity Q2, and calculate the battery high temperature storage Experimental data such as capacity retention rate, capacity recovery rate and thickness change rate.
  • capacity retention rate (%) Q1/Q ⁇ 100%
  • capacity recovery rate (%) Q2/Q ⁇ 100%
  • thickness change rate (%) (T0-T)/T ⁇ 100%.
  • Cycle performance test The batteries obtained in the examples and comparative examples were charged and discharged for 200 cycles at a rate of 1C at 25°C.
  • the charge and discharge range was 3.0V ⁇ 4.2V; at the same time, the capacity of the 200th week was divided by the first week capacity, and obtain the cycle capacity retention rate.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种电池，包括电芯、电解液和铝塑膜，所述铝塑膜包括相对设置的上膜和下膜，所述上膜和所述下膜相连接形成容置腔，所述电芯和所述电解液设置于所述容置腔中；所述电解液包括非水有机溶剂、添加剂和锂盐，其中，所述锂盐包括六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂。本公开实施例通过使用六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂作为锂源，双氟磺酰亚胺锂不与水反应生成氢氟酸，能够有效的减少氢氟酸的含量，减缓包装膜的老化，从而延长电池的使用寿命。

Description

一种电池 技术领域
本公开涉及锂电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池。
背景技术
锂电池是一种具有高能量密度和循环性能的储能装置，被广泛使用于移动电子产品和新能源车辆等领域。软包锂电池是锂电池的一大类型，在相关技术中，软包锂电池使用铝塑膜进行封装。但锂电池内的电解液中含有六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)，会与渗入锂电池内部的水汽发生反应生成氢氟酸(HF)，加速铝塑膜的老化，进而导致锂电池的使用寿命较短。
可见，相关技术中存在着锂电池的使用寿命较短的问题。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种电池，以解决相关技术中存在着的锂电池的使用寿命较短的问题。
为达到上述目的，本公开实施例提供一种电池，包括电芯、电解液和铝塑膜，所述铝塑膜包括相对设置的上膜和下膜，所述上膜和所述下膜相连接形成容置腔，所述电芯和所述电解液设置于所述容置腔中；
所述电解液包括非水有机溶剂、添加剂和锂盐，其中，所述锂盐包括六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂(LiFSI)。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述上膜和所述下膜相连接的位置形成封边，所述封边包括顶封边和侧封边，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量、所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量、所述顶封边的宽度和所述侧封边的宽度之间的关系为：
其中，所述A1为所述六氟磷酸锂在所述电解液中的质量分数，所述A2为所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂在所述电解液中的质量分数，所述W1为所述顶封边的宽度，单位为mm；所述W2为所述侧封边的宽度，单位为mm；所述x1为不大于0.2的常数。
在本公开的关系式中，各参数仅采用其数值部分进行运算，其单位部分不参与运算，以上述关系式为例，在本公开实施例1中，所述六氟磷酸锂在所述电解液中的质量分数A1为18％，所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂在所述电解液中的质量 分数A2为1％，所述顶封边的宽度W1为4mm，所述侧封边的宽度W2为10mm，则
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述顶封边的宽度、所述侧封边的宽度和所述封边的封装最小封边强度之间的关系为：
L＝x2+x3×min(W1,W2)
其中，所述L为所述封边的封装最小封边强度，单位为N/15mm；所述x2为16.45，所述x3为14.12。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量、所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量和所述封边的封装最小封边强度之间的关系为：
其中，所述x4为不大于0.006的常数。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量之间的关系包括：
A1+A2≥x5
A1-A2≤x6
其中，所述x5为12％，所述x6为17％。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量之间的关系还包括：
其中，所述x7为0.01。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述A1的范围为0.1％-30％，所述A2的范围为0.1％-30％。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述W1不小于预设值Y，其中，所述Y满足：
其中，所述H为所述封边的厚度，单位为μm；所述x8、x9、x10和x11均为常数。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述x8的范围为0.001-0.01，所述x9的范围为0.001-0.01，所述x10的范围为0.001-0.01，所述x11的范围为0.001-0.01。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述添加剂包括苯乙烯，所述苯乙烯在所述电解液中的质量分数为0.1％-1％。
上述技术方案中的一个技术方案具有如下优点或有益效果：
本公开实施例通过使用六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂作为锂源，双氟磺酰亚胺锂不与水反应生成氢氟酸，能够有效的减少氢氟酸的含量，减缓包装膜的 老化，从而延长电池的使用寿命。
附图简要说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对本公开实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开实施例提供的一种电池的结构示意图；
图2是本公开实施例提供的一种电池的顶封边和侧封边的示意图；
图3是本公开实施例提供的封边宽度和封边强度的关系图；
图4是本公开实施例提供的顶封边的宽度和侧封边的宽度的关系图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
请参考图1，如图1所示，本公开实施例提供一种电池，包括电芯10、电解液20和铝塑膜，所述铝塑膜包括相对设置的上膜和下膜，所述上膜和所述下膜相连接形成容置腔，电芯10和电解液20设置于所述容置腔中；
电解液20包括非水有机溶剂、添加剂和锂盐，其中，所述锂盐包括六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂。
在本实施例中，六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂同时作为锂源进行充放电循环，其中的双氟磺酰亚胺锂不与水发生副反应生成氢氟酸，能够有效的降低电池内氢氟酸的含量，从而减缓电池包装膜的老化，延长电池的使用寿命；而六氟磷酸锂虽然具有优秀的充放电循环性能，但六氟磷酸锂会与水发生如下副反应：
LiPF6+2H2O→LiPO2F2+4HF；
LiPF6→LiF+PF5；
PF5+H2O→POF3+2HF。
在发生上述副反应之后，电池内产生氢氟酸，氢氟酸腐蚀电池的铝塑膜，加速了铝塑膜的老化速度。另外，产生氢氟酸将增加电池内部的压力，使电池的铝塑膜封装受到拉伸应力，拉伸应力过大时将造成电池的失效。
另外，铝塑膜包括外层、中间层和内层。其中，所述外层为聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂或复合物，所述中间层为铝材料，所述内层为聚丙烯或改性复合物。在封装过程中所述上膜和所述下膜的内层熔融为一层进行封装固定，但所述内层的材料容易与电解液20发生副反应产生氢氟酸腐蚀，造成电池的铝塑膜加速老化，降低寿命。
为有效减少可能产生的氢氟酸的含量，本公开实施例通过将双氟磺酰亚胺锂作为锂源代替部分六氟磷酸锂，从而减少可能产生的氢氟酸，延长电池的使用寿命。
作为一种可选的实施方式，如图2所示，所述上膜和所述下膜相连接的位置形成封边30，封边30包括顶封边301和侧封边302，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量、所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量、顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的宽度之间的关系为：
其中，A1为所述六氟磷酸锂在电解液20中的质量分数，A2为所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂在电解液20中的质量分数，W1为顶封边301的宽度，W2为侧封边302的宽度，x1为不大于0.2的常数。
在本实施例中，在不同的双氟磺酰亚胺锂和六氟磷酸锂的含量下产生氢氟酸的含量不同，对顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的宽度设计要求也不一致。在六氟磷酸锂的含量较小的情况下，产生氢氟酸的含量较少，顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的宽度可以设计为较小；在六氟磷酸锂的含量较大的情况下，产生氢氟酸的含量较多，顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的宽度可以设计为较大。故在本公开实施例中，在满足条件的情况下，电池能够在设计寿命15年内正常使用。
其中，A1和A2的单位为质量百分比，W1和W2的单位为mm。
作为一种可选的实施方式，顶封边301的宽度、侧封边302的宽度和封边30的封装最小封边强度之间的关系为：
L＝x2+x3×min(W1,W2)
其中，L为封边30的封装最小封边强度，x2为16.45，x3为14.12。
在本公开中，所述封边的封装最小封边强度可以通过以下方法测试得到，具体的：将两片铝塑膜采用热压的方式贴合在一起，在封边方向裁剪成15mm宽的长方形，然后使用拉力机测试将两片贴合在一起的铝塑膜分开的拉力。
在本实施例中，封边强度和封边宽度之间有近似线性关系，但由于封边宽度在工程工艺中存在一定的加工误差，通过封边强度可以较好地分析出最佳的六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量。如图3所示，通过实验拟合获得封边强 度和封边宽度之间的关系，其中两条虚线所夹的区域为95％的置信区间，拟合优度R2＝0.8。通过图示可知封边强度和封边宽度之间的关系如上述公式。
其中，L的单位为N/15mm。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量、所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量和封边30的封装最小封边强度之间的关系为：
其中，x4为不大于0.006的常数。
在本实施例中，在不同的双氟磺酰亚胺锂和六氟磷酸锂的含量下产生氢氟酸的含量不同，对顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的封边强度设计要求也不一致。在六氟磷酸锂的含量较小的情况下，产生氢氟酸的含量较少，顶封边301的宽度、侧封边302的宽度、顶封边301的封边强度和侧封边302的封边强度可以为较小；在六氟磷酸锂的含量较大的情况下，产生氢氟酸的含量较多，顶封边301的宽度、侧封边302的宽度、顶封边301的封边强度和侧封边302的封边强度可以较大。故在本公开实施例中，在满足上述条件的情况下，电池能够在设计寿命15年内正常使用。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量之间的关系包括：
A1+A2≥x5
A1-A2≤x6
其中，x5为12％，x6为17％。
在本实施例中，由于用于电池充放电循环的锂源主要为六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂，为保证电池充放电循环性能，电池内的锂源即所述六氟磷酸锂和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂在电解液20中的质量分数不小于12％，在该情况下电解液20中的锂离子能够使电池的充放电循环性能维持在较高水平。
另外，在使电池的充放电循环性能维持在较高水平的同时，由于六氟磷酸锂具有高电导率且电化学稳定窗口宽，同时双氟磺酰亚胺锂的加工困难和价格昂贵等特点，需要对六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量进行限定，在控制双氟磺酰亚胺锂的使用情况下有效的控制氢氟酸的生成。在本公开实施例中，通过实验测试获得所述六氟磷酸锂和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的质量的差值在电解液20中的质量分数最优的使用范围为不大于17％。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量之间的关系还包括：
其中，x7为0.01。
在本实施例中，六氟磷酸锂具有高离子电导率和稳定的电化学窗口，而双氟磺酰亚胺锂能够有效的改善六氟磷酸锂的容易热分解的问题，通过将六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂混合能够在保持较高充放电循环性能的同时能够有效的减少氢氟酸产生的含量，延长电池的使用寿命。通过本公开实施例的实验获得所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂和所述六氟磷酸锂的质量比不小于0.01。
作为一种可选的实施方式，A1的范围为0.1％-30％(例如0.1％、0.5％、1％、5％、10％、15％、20％、25％或30％)，A2的范围为0.1％-30％(例如0.1％、0.5％、1％、5％、10％、15％、20％、25％或30％)。
在本实施例中，由于电池的充放电循环性能与锂离子的含量有关，为了使电池的充放电循环性能维持在较高水平，故作为锂源的所述六氟磷酸锂在电解液20中的质量分数范围为0.1％-30％，所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂在电解液20中的质量分数范围为0.1％-30％。
具体的，电解液20中的所述六氟磷酸锂和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂含量过低时，电解液20中的锂离子较低，将导致电池的充放电循环性能下降；若电解液20中的所述六氟磷酸锂含量过高，所述六氟磷酸锂仍然将与水发生反应生成较多的氢氟酸导致铝塑膜加速老化，电池使用寿命下降。在本公开实施例中，经过实验测试，所述六氟磷酸锂与电解液20的质量比的最佳范围为0.1％-30％，所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂和电解液20的质量比的最佳范围为0.1％-30％。
作为一种可选的实施方式，W1不小于预设值Y，其中，Y满足：
其中，H为封边30(包括顶封边301和侧封边302)的厚度，单位为μm；x8、x9、x10和x11均为常数。
在本实施例中，在电池使用过程中，水汽能通过顶封边301和侧封边302的内层渗入电池内部，并与电解液20中的六氟磷酸锂反应产生氢氟酸，在设计顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的宽度时需要在节省材料的情况下尽可能的使水汽进入电池内部的可能性降低。本公开实施例通过实验测试获得在顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的宽度满足上述条件时电池能在设计寿命内安全使用。
其中，上述公式反映了所述顶封边的宽度和所述侧封边的宽度之间的关联关系，在封边30厚度值确定的情况下，根据侧封边302的宽度值的不同，所得到预设值也不同。因此，通过根据公式计算每一侧封边302的宽度值对应的预设值，可以得到不同的所述封边的厚度下，顶封边的宽度的边界曲线。
其中，由于用于封装的铝塑膜的厚度范围通常在210μm-270μm之间，因 此，在本公开实施例中选择250μm厚度的铝塑膜进行封装。通过实验测试在设计寿命为15年的情况下能够有效封装的顶封边301的宽度的范围为不小于0.8mm，侧封边302的宽度范围为不小于4.1mm。同时，用于顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的宽度不能无限的增加，故电池的顶封边301的宽度和侧封边302的宽度需要进行限制，以实现工艺上的可能性和节约材料的目的。故在本公开实施例中，将顶封边301的宽度范围设计为0.8mm-10mm，将侧封边302的宽度范围设计为4.1mm-10mm，能够在15年的设计寿命内有效地进行封装。
其中，顶封边301的宽度为顶封宽，侧封边302的宽度为侧封宽，通过如图4所示可知，当所述顶封宽不小于0.8mm，所述侧封宽不小于4.1mm时，电池能在设计寿命(15年)范围内安全使用。
作为一种可选的实施方式，x8的范围为0.001-0.01，x9的范围为0.001-0.01，x10的范围为0.001-0.01，x11的范围为0.001-0.01。
在本实施例中，x8、x9、x10和x11的取值不做限定，例如，在一些实施例中，x8的范围为0.001-0.01，x9的范围为0.001-0.01，x10的范围为0.001-0.01，x11的范围为0.001-0.01。进一步的，通过本公开实施例的实验测试可以获得顶封边301和侧封边302之间能够满足预期寿命的关系曲线，通过图4所示拟合出的曲线为：
其中，公式中的x8的取值为0.0092721，x9的取值为0.0039685，x10的取值为0.0062564，x11的取值为0.0194843。在满足上述公式的情况下，使用寿命能够达到预期目标。
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述添加剂包括苯乙烯，所述苯乙烯在电解液20中的质量分数为0.1％-1％(例如0.1％、0.2％、0.3％、0.4％、0.5％、0.6％、0.7％、0.8％、0.9％或1％)。
在本实施例中，所述苯乙烯能够和所述铝塑膜反应，所述苯乙烯分子聚集在所述铝塑膜表面，并在所述铝塑膜表面发生聚合反应，从而加强了所述铝塑膜的封装效果，提高电池的循环性能和存储性能，延长电池的使用寿命。
在本公开实施例中通过实验对不同参数的电池进行测试，测试的步骤如下：
制备电池正极片：将正极活性材料LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2、粘结剂聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和导电剂乙炔黑按照重量比97:1.5:1.5进行混合，加入N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)，在真空搅拌机作用下搅拌，直至混合体系成均一流动性的正极浆料；将所述正极浆料均匀涂覆于厚度为12μm的铝箔上；将上述涂覆好的铝箔在5段不同温度梯度的烘箱烘烤后，再将其在120℃的烘箱干燥8h，然后经过 辊压、分切得到所需的正极片。
制备电池负极片：将负极活性材料人造石墨、增稠剂羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、粘结剂丁苯橡胶和导电剂乙炔黑按照重量比97:1:1:1进行混合，加入去离子水，在真空搅拌机作用下获得负极浆料；将所述负极浆料均匀涂覆在厚度为8μm的铜箔上；将上述涂覆好的铜箔在室温晾干后转移至80℃烘箱干燥10h，然后经过冷压、分切得到所需的负极片。
制备电解液：在充满氩气，水分含量和氧分含量合格的手套箱(水分<1ppm，氧分<1ppm)中，将碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸甲乙酯和碳酸二乙酯以质量比为30:50:20混合均匀形成混合溶剂，然后在所述混合溶剂中加入不同比值含量的锂盐，所述锂盐的含量基于电解液总质量，搅拌至其完全溶解，经过水分和游离酸检测合格后，得到所需的电解液。
制备电池：锂离子电池的制备
将所述正极片、隔离膜(聚乙烯膜)和所述负极片按顺序叠放好，保证所述隔离膜处于所述正极片和所述负极片之间以起到隔离的作用，然后通过卷绕得到未注液的裸电芯；将裸电芯置于参数不同的外包装箔中，将上述制备好的电解液注入到干燥后的裸电芯中，经过真空封装、静置、化成、整形、分选等工序，获得所需的软包锂离子电池。
通过上述步骤制备下表中的不同参数的实施例和对比例：
对不同对比例和实施例进行如下测试：
高温存储测试：将实施例和对比例所得电池在室温下以1C的充放电倍率进行5次充放电循环测试，然后1C倍率充到4.2V(截止电流为0.02C)。分别记录1C容量Q和电池厚度T。将满电状态的电池在60℃下存储30天后，记录电池厚度T0和1C放电容量Q1，然后将电池在室温下以1C的倍率充放5周，记录1C放电容量Q2，计算得到电池高温存储容量保持率、容量恢复率和厚度变化率等实验数据。
其中用到的计算公式如下：容量保持率(％)＝Q1/Q×100％；容量恢复率(％)＝Q2/Q×100％；厚度变化率(％)＝(T0-T)/T×100％。
循环性能测试：将实施例和对比例所得电池在25℃下按照1C的倍率进行充放电循环200周，充放电范围为3.0V～4.2V；同时，将第200周的容量除以第1周的容量，得到循环容量保持率。
对不同对比例和实施例测试的结果如下表：
从测试结果可以看出，在添加双氟磺酰亚胺锂后能够有效降低电池的厚度膨胀率，同时电池的容量保持率和容量恢复率也较高，能够有效的提升电池的使用寿命。
另外，设计添加苯乙烯的对比例和实施例进行实验设计，参数条件如下：
对不同对比例和实施例进行高温存储测试和循环性能测试，测试结果如下：
从测试结果可以看出，在电解液中添加苯乙烯能够有效的提升电池的循环性能，降低电池的厚度膨胀率的同时增加电池的容量保持率和容量恢复率，从而有效的延长电池的使用寿命。
同样地，对不同封边强度的参数进行对照实验，其实验条件如下表：

对上表的实施例和对比例进行高温存储实验测试，结果如下表：
由上表可见，封边强度和锂盐含量在本公开保护范围之内寿命得到很好的提升。
需要说明的是，上述锂电池实施例的实现方式同样适应于该电子设备的实施例中，并能达到相同的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
上面结合附图对本公开的实施例进行了描述，但是本公开并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的启示下，在不脱离本公开宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本公开的保护之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括电芯、电解液和铝塑膜，所述铝塑膜包括相对设置的上膜和下膜，所述上膜和所述下膜相连接形成容置腔，所述电芯和所述电解液设置于所述容置腔中；
    所述电解液包括非水有机溶剂、添加剂和锂盐，其中，所述锂盐包括六氟磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述上膜和所述下膜相连接的位置形成封边，所述封边包括顶封边和侧封边，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量、所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量、所述顶封边的宽度和所述侧封边的宽度之间的关系为：
    其中，所述A1为所述六氟磷酸锂在所述电解液中的质量分数，所述A2为所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂在所述电解液中的质量分数，所述W1为所述顶封边的宽度，所述W2为所述侧封边的宽度，所述x1为不大于0.2的常数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述x1为不大于0.05的常数。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池，其特征在于，所述顶封边的宽度、所述侧封边和所述封边的封装最小封边强度之间的关系为：
    L＝x2+x3×min(W1,W2)
    其中，所述L为所述封边的封装最小封边强度，所述x2为16.45，所述x3为14.12。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其特征在于，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量、所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量和所述封边的封装最小封边强度之间的关系为：
    其中，所述x4为不大于0.006的常数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述x4为不大于0.003的常数。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量之间的关系包括：
    A1+A2≥x5
    A1-A2≤x6
    其中，所述x5为12％，所述x6为17％。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述六氟磷酸锂的含量和所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂的含量之间的关系还包括：
    其中，所述x7为0.01。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述A1的范围为0.1％-30％，所述A2的范围为0.1％-30％。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述W1不小于预设值Y，其中，所述Y满足：
    其中，所述H为所述封边的厚度，所述x8、x9、x10和x11均为常数。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其特征在于，所述x8的范围为0.001-0.01，所述x9的范围为0.001-0.01，所述x10的范围为0.001-0.01，所述x11的范围为0.001-0.01。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的电池，其特征在于，所述Y满足：
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述添加剂包括苯乙烯。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池，其特征在于，所述苯乙烯在所述电解液中的质量分数为0.1％-1％。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电芯包括正极片、负极片和隔离膜。
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