JP7481503B2 - リチウムイオン二次電池の電解液及びその使用 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池の電解液及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7481503B2 JP7481503B2 JP2022572790A JP2022572790A JP7481503B2 JP 7481503 B2 JP7481503 B2 JP 7481503B2 JP 2022572790 A JP2022572790 A JP 2022572790A JP 2022572790 A JP2022572790 A JP 2022572790A JP 7481503 B2 JP7481503 B2 JP 7481503B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbonate
- electrolyte
- ion secondary
- secondary battery
- lithium ion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 89
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 89
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 73
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- -1 borate ester compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910009824 Li2Mn1 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910012652 LiCo1 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910011890 LiFe1 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910014143 LiMn2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002993 LiMnO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000979 O alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021483 silicon-carbon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- JKYPBYBOZSIRFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-chlorophenyl)oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1C(=O)OC(=O)C1 JKYPBYBOZSIRFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910005143 FSO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001560 Li(CF3SO2)2N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000552 LiCF3SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012265 LiPO2F2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910005855 NiOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0048—Molten electrolytes used at high temperature
- H01M2300/0051—Carbonates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
本実施例はリチウムイオン二次電池を提供しおり、具体的な製造方法は以下のステップを含んだ。
正極活物質であるニッケル・マンガン酸リチウム(LiNi0.75Mn0.25O2)、導電剤Super-P(超導電性カーボンブラック)、粘着剤PVDF(ポリフッ化ビニリデン)を96:2.0:2.0の質量比で溶媒のN-メチルピロリドンに溶解し、均一に混合して正極スラリーを作成し、次に正極スラリーを集電体のアルミニウム箔に均一に塗布し、塗布量は18mg/cm2であり、次に85℃で乾燥させてから冷間プレス、エッジカット、片を打ち抜き、バーに分割し、次に85℃の真空条件で4時間乾燥させ、タブを溶接し、要求を満たすリチウムイオン二次電池の正極片を作成した。
負極活物質である人工黒鉛、導電剤Super-P(超導電性カーボンブラック)、増稠剤CMC(カルボキシメチルセルロース)、粘着剤SBR(スチレンブタジエンゴム)を96.5:1.0:1.0:1.5の質量比で溶媒の脱イオン水に溶解し、均一に混合して負極スラリーを作成し、次に負極スラリーを集電体のアルミニウム箔に均一に塗布し、塗布量は8.9mg/cm2であり、次に85℃で乾燥させてから冷間プレス、エッジカット、片を打ち抜き、バーに分割し、次に110℃の真空条件で4時乾燥させ、タブを溶接し、要求を満たすリチウムイオン二次電池の負極片を作成した。
リチウムイオン二次電池の電解液は、1mol/LのLiPF6をリチウム塩とし、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)、及びジエチルカーボネート(DEC)の混合物を非水有機溶媒とし、ただし、EC:EMC:DECの体積比は30:50:20であった。また、リチウムイオン二次電池の電解液に添加剤をさらに含み、添加剤はリチウムイオン二次電池の電解液の総質量の0.5%を占めるホウ酸トリメチレンであり、即ち、式Iに示される構造式中のnが1の化合物であった。
上記のプロセスにより製造されたリチウムイオン二次電池の正極片、負極片及びセパレータ(PEフィルム)を巻き付けプロセスによって、厚みが8mm、幅が60mm、長さが130mmの電池セルを製作し、75℃で10時間真空ベークし、電解液を注入して24時間静かに放置してから、0.1C(160mA)の定電流で4.2Vになるまで充電し、次に4.2Vの定期電圧で電流が0.05C(80mA)に低下するまで充電し、次に0.1C(160mA)の定電流で2.8Vになるまで放電し、充放電を2回繰り返し、最後に0.1C(160mA)の定電流で3.8Vになるまで充電し、リチウムイオン二次電池の製造を完了した。
実施例1との区別は、ステップ(3)において、電解液における添加剤がリチウムイオン二次電池の電解液の総質量の1%を占めるホウ酸トリメチレンであることにあった。
本実施例と実施例1の区別は、ステップ(3)において、電解液における添加剤がリチウムイオン二次電池の電解液の総質量の0.5%を占めるホウ酸トリメチレン、及びリチウムイオン二次電池の電解液の総質量の0.5%を占める炭酸ビニレン(VC)であることにあった。
本実施例と実施例1の区別は、ステップ(3)において、電解液における有機溶媒がスルホラン(SL)をさらに含み、スルホランが有機溶媒の総質量の5%を占め、有機溶媒の組成及び体積比がEC:EMC:DEC:SL=30:50:15:5であることにあった。
実施例1との区別は、ステップ(3)において、電解液における機溶媒がスルホラン(SL)をさらに含み、スルホランが有機溶媒の総質量の10%を占め、有機溶媒の組成及び体積比がEC:EMC:DEC:SL=30:50:10:10であることにあった。
本実施例と実施例1の区別は、ステップ(3)において、電解液における有機溶媒がスルホラン(SL)をさらに含み、スルホランが有機溶媒の総質量の10%を占め、有機溶媒の組成及び体積比がEC:EMC:DEC:SL=30:50:10:10であり、電解液における添加剤がリチウムイオン二次電池の電解液の総質量0.5%を占めるホウ酸トリメチレン、及びリチウムイオン二次電池の電解液の総質量0.5%を占める炭酸ビニレン(VC)であることにあった。
本実施例と実施例1の区別は、ステップ(3)において、電解液にいずれの添加剤及びスルホン系溶媒を添加しないことにあった。
テスト方法は次のとおりであった。60℃で、まず1Cの定電流で4.2Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を充電してから、4.2Vの定電圧で電流が0.05Cになるまで充電し、次に1Cの定電流で2.8Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を放電し、これは1つの充放電サイクル過程であり、今回の放電容量は1サイクル目の放電容量であった。リチウムイオン二次電池を上記のようにサイクル充放電テストを行い、500サイクル目の放電容量を取った。
500サイクル後のリチウムイオン二次電池の容量保持率(%)=[500サイクル目の放電容量/1サイクル目の放電容量]×100%。テスト結果を表1に示した。
テスト方法は次のとおりであった。25℃で、まず1Cの定電流で4.2Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を充電し、さらに4.2Vの定電圧で電流が0.05Cになるまで充電し、次に1Cの定電流で2.8Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を放電し、今回の放電容量はリチウムイオン二次電池の高温貯蔵前の放電容量であり、次に以1Cの定電流で4.2Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を充電し、リチウムイオン二次電池を60℃で放置して30日間貯蔵し、貯蔵終了後に、リチウムイオン二次電池を25℃の環境で放置し、次に0.5Cの定電流で2.8Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を放電し、次に1Cの定電流で4.2Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を充電し、さらに4.2Vの定電圧で電流が1Cになるまで充電し、次に1Cの定電流で2.8Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を放電し、最後1回の放電容量はリチウムイオン二次電池の高温貯蔵後の放電容量であった。
リチウムイオン二次電池の高温貯蔵後の容量保持率(%)=[リチウムイオン二次電池の高温貯蔵後の放電容量/リチウムイオン二次電池の高温貯蔵前の放電容量]×100%。テスト結果を表1に示した。
テスト方法は次のとおりであった。25℃で、まず1Cの定電流で4.2Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を充電し、さらに4.2Vの定電圧で電流が0.05Cになるまで充電し、次に1Cの定電流で2.8Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を放電し、今回の放電容量はリチウムイオン二次電池の高温貯蔵前の放電容量であり、次に1Cの定電流で4.2Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を充電し、4.2Vの定電圧で電流が0.05Cになるまで充電し、リチウムイオン電池を満充電した。排水法を用いて電池セルの体積をテストし、マイクロメーターを用いて電池セルの厚みを測定した。
次にリチウムイオン電池を60℃で放置して30日間貯蔵し、貯蔵終了後に、リチウムイオン二次電池を25℃の環境で放置し、排水法を用いて電池セルの体積をテストし、マイクロメーターを用いて電池セルの厚みを測定した。次に0.5Cの定電流で2.8Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を放電し、次に1Cの定電流で4.2Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を充電し、さらに4.2Vの定電圧で電流が1Cになるまで充電し、次に1Cの定電流で2.8Vになるまでリチウムイオン二次電池を放電し、最後1回の放電容量はリチウムイオン二次電池の高温貯蔵後の放電容量であった。
Claims (8)
- 有機溶媒、リチウム塩及び添加剤を含み、
前記有機溶媒は式IIに示される構造式のスルホン系化合物を含み、nの取り得る値の範囲は0、1、2、3、4であり、
前記添加剤は式Iに示される構造式のホウ酸エステル化合物および炭酸ビニレンを含み、nの取り得る値の範囲は0、1、2、3、4であり、
前記炭酸ビニレンの添加量は、電解液の総質量の0.5~1wt%である、
リチウムイオン二次電池の電解液。 - ホウ酸エステル化合物は
- 前記スルホン系化合物は、
- 前記有機溶媒は環状カーボネート及び/又は鎖状カーボネートを含み、前記環状カーボネートは、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート及びγ-ブチロラクトンから選ばれる少なくとも一種であり、前記鎖状カーボネートは、ジメチルカーボネート、ブチレンカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、ジプロピルカーボネート、エチルメチルカーボネート、メチルプロピルカーボネート、エチルプロピルカーボネート、ギ酸メチル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸プロピル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、プロピオン酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル及びプロピオン酸プロピルから選ばれる少なくとも一種であり、かつ
前記リチウム塩は、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiBOB、LiDFOB、LiAsF6、Li(CF3SO2)2N、Li(FSO2)2N、LiPO2F2、LiCF3SO3及びLiClO4から選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の電解液。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の電解液を含む、リチウムイオン二次電池。
- 使用される正極活物質は、LiCoO2、LiMn2O4、LiMnO2、Li2MnO4、LiFePO4、LiNixMn1-xO2、LiNixCoyMnzO2、Li1+aMn1-xMxO2、LiCo1-xMxO2、LiFe1-xMxPO4、LiMn2-yMyO4及びLi2Mn1-xO4から選ばれる少なくとも一種であり、ただし、Mは、Ni、Co、Mn、Al、Cr、Mg、Zr、Mo、V、Ti、B、F及びYから選ばれる少なくとも一種であり、aの取り得る値の範囲は0~0.2、xの取り得る値の範囲は0~1、yの取り得る値の範囲は0~1、zの取り得る値の範囲は0~1であり、かつ
使用される負極活物質は、天然黒鉛、人工黒鉛、軟質炭素、硬質炭素、チタン酸リチウム、ケイ素、ケイ素-炭素合金及びケイ素-酸素合金から選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。 - 使用される正極活物質は、低コバルト又はコバルトフリー正極材料である、請求項5又は6に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 請求項5~7のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池を含む、エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
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JP2001185214A (ja) | 1999-10-13 | 2001-07-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電気化学装置およびその電解液 |
JP2003132946A (ja) | 2001-10-24 | 2003-05-09 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | 非水電解液およびそれを用いた二次電池 |
JP2005222830A (ja) | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-18 | Sony Corp | 電解液および電池 |
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