WO2023151648A1 - 新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备及洗涤装置 - Google Patents

新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备及洗涤装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023151648A1
WO2023151648A1 PCT/CN2023/075420 CN2023075420W WO2023151648A1 WO 2023151648 A1 WO2023151648 A1 WO 2023151648A1 CN 2023075420 W CN2023075420 W CN 2023075420W WO 2023151648 A1 WO2023151648 A1 WO 2023151648A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
washing
filter
material particles
contact surface
drainage device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/075420
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘辉文
Original Assignee
陈惠玲
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 陈惠玲 filed Critical 陈惠玲
Publication of WO2023151648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023151648A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/045—Cleaning involving contact with liquid using perforated containers, e.g. baskets, or racks immersed and agitated in a liquid bath
    • B08B3/047—Containers specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/14—Removing waste, e.g. labels, from cleaning liquid; Regenerating cleaning liquids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of washing equipment, in particular to a new type of washing equipment for powdery materials and slurry and a washing device for washing fine materials.
  • the chemical industry is very strict on the content of harmful impurities, so it needs to be washed.
  • the washing of fine particle powder materials and slurries is very difficult and often requires repeated washing.
  • the washing methods in the production of chemical enterprises include centrifuge method, vacuum filtration method, and pressure filtration method.
  • There are disadvantages such as large water consumption, low concentration of recovered liquid, and large steam consumption.
  • a large amount of washing liquid or water has to be added, and repeated washing will reduce the concentration of the recovered liquid and greatly increase the cost of water treatment.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a new type of washing equipment for powdery materials and slurry, which can solve the problem of uneven washing.
  • the washing material in the present invention is in the form of powder or slurry, and the powdery material or slurry mentioned in the text is washing material.
  • the contact surface between the filter drainage device and the washing material particles is referred to as the filter surface of the filter drainage device.
  • the object of the present invention is also to provide a new washing device for powdery material and slurry.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a washing device for washing fine materials.
  • the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
  • a new type of washing equipment for powdery materials and slurries includes holding means, filtering and draining means and agitating or disturbing means.
  • the storage device is used to place the materials to be washed or the materials to be washed;
  • the filter drainage device is arranged at the bottom of the storage device to discharge the washed liquid and block the contact between the filter drainage device and the materials to be washed.
  • the relative movement of the surface so that the material to be washed can be staggered along the plane parallel to the contact surface of the filter drainage device and the material to be washed, or block the relative movement along the contact surface of the filter drainage device and the washing material particles, So that the washing material particles can be staggered along the plane parallel to the contact surface between the filter drainage device and the washing material particles;
  • the stirring device or disturbance device is arranged on the upper side of the holding device for stirring the washing materials or disturbing washing material.
  • a water-permeable device is installed on the upper part of the holding device, and the water-permeable device is a porous device through which the washing liquid can pass through and the washing material is difficult to pass through in the opposite direction.
  • the water-permeable device is a porous device through which the washing liquid can pass through and the washing material is difficult to pass through in the opposite direction. Plate or belt filter belt and other components.
  • the water permeable device is used to inject washing liquid into the holding device, and block the relative movement along the contact surface between the water permeable device and the material to be washed or block the contact surface along the water permeable device and the washing material particles. relative movement.
  • the filter drainage device includes a filter layer
  • the filter layer is a layer that uses porous materials to separate harmful substances in the washing materials, and is composed of filter cloth, filter plates, belt filter belts, etc. ;
  • the stirring device includes a rotating shaft and a stirring blade connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the filter layer, or the stirring device includes a stirring member for disturbing the material, and the stirring blade or the stirring member is perpendicular to the
  • the size of the filter layer is not larger than the size parallel to the filter layer, so as to reduce the pushing of the material during movement, and make the material particles move along the plane parallel to the filter layer as much as possible.
  • the cross-section of the impeller or the disturbing member is flat or circular, so as to make the powdery material particles move along a plane parallel to the filter layer as much as possible during movement.
  • the novel powdery material and slurry washing equipment further includes: a flow blocking net arranged along the vertical direction of the filter layer, and the flow blocking net
  • the net is a mesh or grid-like structure, which allows the powdery material to pass freely and prevents the powdery material particles from moving along the plane where the blocking net is located. Particles form misalignment.
  • the agitating device includes a plurality of agitating blades, adjacent a plurality of agitating blades arranged at the same height on the rotating shaft are connected together by wires, grids or nets, wherein the The mesh of the mesh is larger than the diameter of the powdery material and slurry particles.
  • the stirring blade is provided with forks to increase the stirring efficiency; and the distance between the outer edge of the stirring blade and the inner wall of the holding device is not greater than the distance between the rotating shaft and the One-half of the distance from the inner wall of the holding device.
  • the holding device is a feeding belt, and a leakage hole is opened on the feeding belt.
  • the filter drainage device includes a filter layer
  • the stirring device includes a rotating shaft and a stirring blade arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the filter layer, or the stirring device includes a stirring member for disturbing the material, and the stirring blade or the stirring member is perpendicular to the
  • the size of the filter layer is not larger than the size parallel to the filter layer, and the impeller or disturbance member is parallel to the filter layer to reduce the pushing of the material during movement, so that the material particles are parallel to the filter layer
  • the cross-section of the impeller or disturbance member is flat or circular, so as to make the powdery material particles move along the plane parallel to the filter layer during relative movement.
  • the contact surface of the water permeable device and the washing material particles is parallel to the contact surface of the filter drainage device and the washing material particles.
  • a novel washing device for powdery materials and slurries includes a filter drainage device, which is used to discharge the washed liquid and block the relative movement along the contact surface of the filter drainage device and the washing material particles, so that the washing material particles can move along the direction parallel to the filter drainage
  • the plane of the contact surface between the device and the particles of the washing material is shifted, and the filter drainage device includes a filter layer, and the filter layer is a porous material for separating harmful substances in the washing material;
  • the water-permeable device is arranged on the upper side of the filter drainage device, used for the washing liquid to pass through the water-permeable device and inject the washing materials placed between the filter drainage device and the water-permeable device, and prevent The relative movement along the contact surface of the water permeable device and the material to be washed or the relative movement along the contact surface of the water permeable device and the washing material particles, so that the washing material particles can move along the direction parallel to the filter drainage device and the The plane of the contact surface of the washing material particles is staggered, and the water-permeable device is a porous device through which the washing liquid can pass through but the washing material is difficult to pass through in the opposite direction; the contact surface of the water-permeable device (4) and the washing material can be opposite to the
  • the filter drainage device (2) moves horizontally or rotates relative to the filter drainage device (2), or the contact surface between the filter drainage device (2) and the washing material can move horizontally relative to the water permeable device (4) or relative to the The water perme
  • a washing device for washing fine materials includes a filter drainage device, which is used to discharge the washed liquid and block the relative movement along the contact surface of the filter drainage device and the washing material particles, so that the washing material particles can move along the direction parallel to the filter drainage The plane displacement of the contact surface between the device and the washing material particles;
  • Stirring device or disturbing device arranged on the upper side of the filter drainage device, used to stir or disturb the washing materials
  • a water-permeable device arranged on the upper side of the agitating device or disturbance device, is used for the washing liquid to pass through it and inject the washing material placed between the filter drainage device and it, and block the water along the water-permeable device and the washing material to be washed
  • the filter drainage device includes a filter layer
  • the stirring device includes a rotating shaft and a stirring blade connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the filter layer, or the stirring device includes a stirring member for disturbing the material, and the stirring blade or the stirring member is perpendicular to the filter layer
  • the size of the filter layer is not greater than the size parallel to the filter layer, so as to reduce the pushing of the material during movement, so that the material particles move along the plane parallel to the filter layer;
  • the cross-section of the impeller or the disturbance member is flat or circular, so as to displace the powdery material particles along a plane parallel to the filter layer during movement.
  • the invention provides a novel powdery material and slurry washing equipment.
  • the washing equipment solves the problems of uneven washing, large washing water consumption, low recovery liquid concentration, and large steam consumption.
  • the stirring blade or the disturbing part is a part that can cause the relative displacement between the powdery material particles and the adjacent particles, and can be driven by a transmission device or power, thereby generating movement or reciprocating motion, and pulling the powdery material particles to move .
  • It can also be a fixed part of the disturbance device where the powdery material passes through the position on the moving filter belt, such as a net, a grid, and a wire. Due to the movement of the powdery material itself, it forms a relative movement with the fixed part of the disturbance device.
  • the fixed part can make the powder material move along the plane parallel to the filter surface of the filter drainage device.
  • the washing material particles are staggered along the plane parallel to the contact surface between the filter drainage device and the washing material particles by using the stirring, disturbance device, filter drainage device or water permeable device, and at the same time
  • the washing liquid seeps into the washing material particles through the full section of the permeable device, and washes the material particles one by one from top to bottom evenly at the same time, and squeezes out harmful substances downward. Staggering along the plane parallel to the contact surface between the filter drainage device and the washing material particles, so that the washing liquid can wash different parts of the particles, and avoid the upward movement of the solution attached to the washing material particles to affect the purity of the washing liquid.
  • the pressurized seepage flow on the cross-section can achieve a good washing effect with the least amount of washing liquid.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel powdery material and slurry washing equipment according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a washing device for washing fine materials according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is another schematic diagram of a washing device for washing fine materials according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
  • the same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a novel powdery material and slurry washing equipment provided by the present invention.
  • the new powdery material and slurry washing equipment of the embodiment of the present invention includes a holding device 1 , a filtering and draining device 2 and an agitating device 3 .
  • the storage device 1 is used to place the materials to be washed or the materials to be washed;
  • the filter drainage device 2 is arranged at the bottom of the storage device 1 to discharge the washed water and block the contact between the filter drainage device 2 and the materials to be washed
  • the relative movement of the surface enables the material to be washed to move along a plane parallel to the contact surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the material to be washed, or block the relative movement along the contact surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the particles of the washing material, so that
  • the washing material particles can be staggered along a plane parallel to the contact surface between the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles;
  • the stirring device 3 is arranged on the upper side of the holding device 1 for stirring or disturbing the washing materials.
  • the holding device 1 can place materials to be washed, and wash them at a convenient time.
  • the filter drainage device 2 can be placed at the bottom of the storage device 1 , and its size matches the size of the storage device 1 so that the washing water after the storage device 1 is washed can be filtered and then drained. Additionally, the filter drainage device 2 can also be placed on the side of the storage device 1 .
  • the agitating device 3 is arranged on the upper side of the interior of the holding device 1 to facilitate agitation or disturbance of the materials to be washed.
  • the upper part of the holding device 1 is equipped with a water-permeable device 4, the water-permeable device 4 is a porous device through which the washing liquid can pass through and the washing material is difficult to pass through in the opposite direction, including filter cloth, filter plate, etc. Or belt filter belt, etc.
  • the permeable device 4 is located on the upper side of the agitating device 3 or the disturbing device.
  • the permeable device 4 is used to inject washing liquid into the storage device 1 and block the relative movement or block along the contact surface between the permeable device 4 and the material to be washed. Relative movement along the contact surface of the water permeable device 4 and the washing material particles.
  • the water permeable device 4 may be movable.
  • the holding device 1 is preferably a casing.
  • the upper part of the housing is equipped with a water-permeable device 4 to facilitate the injection of washing liquid.
  • the filter drainage device 2 includes a filter layer 21, which is a layer for separating harmful substances in the washing material with porous materials, including filter cloth, filter plate or belt filter belt, etc.; stirring device 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a stirring blade 32 connected to the rotating shaft 31.
  • the rotating shaft 31 is perpendicular to the filter layer 21, or the disturbance device includes a disturbance member for disturbing the material.
  • the size of the stirring blade 32 perpendicular to the filter layer 21 is not larger than that parallel to the filter
  • the size of the layer 21 is to reduce the pushing of the material when moving, so that the material particles are staggered along the plane parallel to the filter layer 21.
  • the cross-section of the impeller 32 is flat or circular, so as to make the powdery material particles move along the plane parallel to the filter layer 21 when rotating.
  • the rotating shaft 31 of the stirring device 3 is perpendicular to the filtering surface 21 of the filtering drainage device 2 .
  • the impeller 32 of the agitating device 3 has a small thickness in the direction perpendicular to the filter surface 21 of the filter and drainage device 2, and has little impact on the pushing of the material during operation, so that the material particles can be staggered along the plane parallel to the filter surface 21 of the filter and drainage device 2.
  • the moving part 32 of stirring device 3 is preferably the stirring blade of stirring device 3, and the cross section of stirring blade 32 of stirring device 3 is flat, and the major axis is parallel with the filter surface 21 of filter drainage device 2, or the stirring of stirring device 3
  • the cross-section of the leaf 32 can also be a small circle, so that the material can move along the plane parallel to the filter surface 21 of the filter drainage device 2 during operation.
  • Stirring is agitation and mixing.
  • a certain circulation occurs through the agitator, which can make the gas, liquid and even suspended particles in the solution evenly mixed. Therefore, the stirring blade 32 needs to be relatively wide so that the particles can be mixed quickly and efficiently.
  • the harmful substances of the powdery material particles are mixed with the washing liquid.
  • the agitation of the new powdery material and slurry washing equipment is different from the traditional agitation. Under the action of the impeller 32 or the disturbance component, the washing material particles near the impeller 32 or the disturbance component move with the impeller 32 or the disturbance component.
  • the water permeable device 4 and the flow resistance net 5 are blocked, from the stirring blade 32 or the disturbing part to the filtering surface of the filter drainage device, the water permeable device 4 and the washing material particles of the blocking net 5 form different moving speeds.
  • the particles of the washing material will move along the plane parallel to the filter surface of the filter drainage device 2 .
  • the washing liquid infiltrates the powdery material and the slurry particles in the direction of the filter surface 21 of the vertical filter drainage device 2 from the permeable device 4 or the filter drainage device 2, and washes the particles in turn.
  • the powdery material particles move along the plane parallel to the filter surface 21 of the filter drainage device 2, and the powdery material particles move and rotate along the plane parallel to the filter surface 21 of the filter drainage device 2 as much as possible.
  • the washing liquid in the gap is under the constraints of particles, subsequent washing liquid, etc., and it is difficult to affect the quality of the subsequent washing liquid, thus ensuring that a small amount of washing liquid can have an excellent washing effect.
  • the washing equipment of novel powdery material and slurry also includes: flow blocking net 5, and blocking flow net 5 is arranged along the vertical direction of filter layer 21, and blocking flow net 5 is net shape Or a grid-like structure, allowing the powdery material to pass freely and hindering the movement of the powdery material particles along the plane where the flow resistance net 5 is located.
  • the flow blocking net can be movable and switchable, so that materials can be put in and taken out. .
  • a plurality of flow blocking nets 5 are arranged in parallel.
  • the blocking net 5 is parallel to the filter layer 21 .
  • the stirring device 3 includes a plurality of stirring blades 32, and adjacent multiple stirring blades 32 of the same height on the rotating shaft 31 are connected together by wires, grids or nets, wherein the nets
  • the mesh hole is larger than the diameter of powder materials and slurry particles.
  • the stirring device 3 includes a vertical rotating shaft 31 .
  • a plurality of impellers 32 are evenly arranged on the rotating shaft 31 along the vertical direction. Wires, grids or nets are arranged between the impellers 32 arranged at the same height on the rotating shaft 31 to better agitate the powdery materials and slurry particles.
  • the impeller 32 is provided with forks to increase the stirring efficiency; one-third.
  • the forks on the impeller 32 can increase the amount of agitation contact and thus increase the agitation efficiency.
  • the holding device 1 is a feeding belt, and a leaking hole is opened on the feeding belt.
  • the material to be cleaned is placed on the feeding belt.
  • the filter drainage device 2 includes a filter layer 21;
  • the stirring device 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a stirring blade 32 arranged vertically to the rotating shaft 31, and the rotating shaft 31 is perpendicular to the filtering layer 21, or the stirring device includes a Disturbing parts for disturbing the material, the size of the impeller 32 or the disturbing part perpendicular to the filter layer 21 is not greater than the size parallel to the filter layer 21, and the impeller 32 or the disturbing part is parallel to the filter layer 21, so as to reduce the pushing of the material during movement. Squeeze, so that the material particles move along the plane parallel to the filter layer 21, the cross section of the impeller 32 or the disturbing part is flat or circular, so that the powdery material particles can be parallel to the filter layer 21 as much as possible during relative movement. plane shift.
  • the washing equipment of the new powdery material and slurry is preferably a filter chamber of a plate and frame filter press or a box filter press or a vertical filter press
  • the filter chamber of the filter press includes
  • the filter plate (or filter frame) of the filter chamber and the filter cloth constitute the filter drainage device 2, the agitation device 3 or the disturbance device.
  • Water-permeable device 4 is the filter plate (or filter frame) and filter cloth on the other side of the filter drainage device 2 that filter plate (or filter frame) and filter cloth are formed in the filter chamber, because filter chamber width is little, do not arrange flow blocking net 5.
  • the stirring blade 32 of stirring device 3 or the disturbing parts of disturbing device are thin in the vertical direction thickness with the filter surface 21 of filter drainage device 2.
  • the powdery material or slurry liquid to be treated is sent into each filter chamber, and the filter drainage device composed of the filter plate (or filter frame) and filter cloth of the filter press filter chamber 2 or The water permeable device 4 composed of the filter plate (or filter frame) and the filter cloth of the filter chamber of the filter press, the filtrate penetrates outwards, forms a filter residue on the filter cloth, until the filter chamber is filled to form a filter cake, the filtrate passes through the filter cloth and flows along the filter plate. The groove flows to the lower outlet hole channel for discharge.
  • a spray device is set above the powdery material or slurry on the filter cloth to spray the material, and the sprayed washing liquid passes through the
  • the water permeable device 4 washes the powdery material or slurry on the filter cloth.
  • the disturbing part of the disturbing device is set at or above the position where the powdery material and slurry pass. Washing material) moves together with the filter cloth on the filter cloth, and the contact surface between the permeable device 4 and the powdery material (washing material) also moves at the same time. Due to the movement of the powdery material itself, it forms a relative movement with the immobile structure of the disturbance device.
  • the washing material particles in contact with the filter surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the water permeable device 4 move along with the contact surface of the filter surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the water permeable device 4 , the powdery material (washing material) particles in contact with the disturbance part (immobile structure) of the disturbance device are blocked, and the powdery material (washing material) particles along the disturbance part to the filter surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the contact surface of the water permeable device 4
  • Material or slurry (wash material) particles form different moving speeds.
  • the particles of the washing material are staggered along a plane parallel to the filtering surface of the filtering drainage device 2 .
  • the stationary disturbance structure of the disturbance device can also make the powdery material particles or slurry move along the plane parallel to the filter surface 21 of the filter drainage device 2 (filter cloth), so that the powdery material particles can be as close as possible along the filter drainage device.
  • the filter surface 21 of 2 moves and rotates on a plane parallel to it, which solves the problem of uneven washing caused by some narrow locations where the washing liquid is difficult to wash during the seepage process.
  • the disturbing part of the disturbing device is an object that can cause the relative displacement between the powdery material particles and the adjacent particles.
  • the disturbing part can be driven by the transmission device or power, so as to produce reciprocating motion or movement, along with the filtration of the filter drainage device 2.
  • the surface 21 moves in a plane parallel to the surface 21, and the disturbance component can be a structure such as a net, a grid, or a wire, so that the powdery material particles move along a plane parallel to the filter surface 21 of the filter drainage device 2 .
  • the washing device of the novel powdery material and slurry in the embodiment of the present invention includes a filter drainage device 2, which is used to discharge the washed liquid and block the relative movement along the contact surface between the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles, thereby The washing material particles can be moved along a plane parallel to the contact surface between the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles.
  • the filter drainage device 2 includes a filter layer 21, and the filter layer 21 is a porous material for separating harmful substances in the washing materials;
  • the water-permeable device 4 is arranged on the upper side of the filter drainage device 2, and is used for washing liquid to pass through the water-permeable device 4 and inject the washing material placed between the filter drainage device 2 and the water-permeable device 4, and to block the water along the water-permeable device 4 and to be washed.
  • the water-permeable device 4 is a porous device through which the washing liquid can permeate and the washing material is difficult to pass through in the opposite direction.
  • the contact surface between the water-permeable device 4 and the washing material can move horizontally relative to the filter drainage device 2 or relatively to the filter drainage device 2 Rotate, or the contact surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material can move horizontally relative to the water permeable device 4 or rotate relative to the water permeable device 4, thereby driving the washing material particles on the contact surface to move, so that the washing material particles can move along the parallel
  • the plane of the contact surface between the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles is staggered; the contact surface of the water permeable device 4 and the washing material particles is preferably parallel to the contact surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles.
  • the filter drainage device 2 moves, the water permeable device (4) does not move synchronously, the relative movement or relative rotation is formed between the filter drainage device 2 and the water permeable device 4, and the filter drainage device 2 blocks the flow of particles along the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material.
  • the relative movement of the contact surface thereby driving the movement of the washing material particles in the attachment, the permeable device 4 blocks the relative movement along the contact surface between the water permeable device 4 and the washing material particles, from the contact surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles to the water permeable device 4.
  • the washing material particles on the contact surface with the washing material particles form different moving speeds. Under the constraints of the filter surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the water permeable device 4 , the particles of the washing material move along a plane parallel to the filter surface of the filter drainage device 2 .
  • the filter drainage device 2 does not move synchronously, the water permeable device 4 and the filter drain device 2 form relative movement or relative rotation, and the water permeable device 4 blocks the relative movement along the contact surface of the water permeable device 4 and the washing material particles.
  • the filter drainage device 2 blocks the relative movement along the contact surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles, from the contact surface of the water permeable device 4 and the washing material particles to the filter drainage device 2 and
  • the washing material particles at the contact surface of the washing material particles form different moving speeds. Under the constraints of the filter surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the water permeable device 4 , the particles of the washing material move along a plane parallel to the filter surface of the filter drainage device 2 .
  • the washing device for washing fine materials in the embodiment of the present invention includes a filter drainage device 2, which is used to discharge the washed liquid and block the relative movement along the contact surface between the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles, so that the washing The material particles can be staggered along the plane parallel to the contact surface between the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles;
  • the agitation device 3 or disturbance device is arranged on the upper side of the filter drainage device 2, and is used to stir or disturb the washing materials;
  • the device 4 is arranged on the upper side of the agitating device 3 or the disturbing device, and is used for the washing liquid to pass through and inject the washing material placed between the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material, and block the contact surface between the permeable device 4 and the material to be washed
  • the relative movement or retardation along the relative movement of the permeable device 4 and the contact surface of the washing material particles wherein, the filter drainage device 2 includes a filter layer 21;
  • the stirring device 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a stirring blade 32 connected to the
  • the particle size of the fine material is preferably less than 3mm.
  • the particle size of the fine material is also preferably less than 2 mm.
  • both the filter drainage device 2 and the permeable device 4 can be used as the stirring device 3 or the disturbance device.
  • the contact surface of the water permeable device 4 and the washing material particles is parallel to the contact surface of the filter drainage device 2 and the washing material particles.
  • the disturbing part is a part that can cause the relative displacement between the powdery material particles and the adjacent particles, and it can move under the driving device or power, so as to generate movement or reciprocating motion, and pull the powdery material particles to move.
  • It can also be a fixed part of the disturbance device where the powdery material passes through the position on the moving filter belt, such as a net, a grid, and a wire. Due to the movement of the powdery material itself, it forms a relative movement with the fixed part of the disturbance device.
  • the fixed part can The powdery material is shifted along a plane parallel to the filter surface 21 of the filter drainage device 2 .
  • connection refers to two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • Terms such as “installation”, “connection” and “fixation” should be interpreted broadly, for example, “connection” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to specific situations.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备及洗涤装置。洗涤设备包括盛放装置（1）、过滤排水装置（2）和搅动装置（3）。盛放装置（1）用于放置待洗涤物料或者洗涤物料；过滤排水装置（2）设置于盛放装置（1）的底部，用于将洗涤后的水排出；搅动装置（3）安置于盛放装置（1）的上侧，用于搅动洗涤物料或者扰动洗涤物料。该洗涤设备解决了洗涤不均匀、洗涤用水量大，回收液浓度低、蒸汽消耗量大等问题。

Description

新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备及洗涤装置 技术领域
本发明涉及洗涤设备技术领域，特别涉及一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备及用于洗涤细小物料的洗涤装置。
 背景技术
化工领域对有害杂质含量很严格，因此需要洗涤，细颗粒的粉状物料和浆料洗涤难度很高，经常需要反复洗涤。在环保领域，为解决污水、废渣污染问题，也需要去除废渣的有害物质。目前化工企业生产中洗涤的方法有离心机法、真空抽滤法、压滤法等，这些方法采用离心或压滤的方法，由于粉状物料颗粒小，物料中的有害物质吸附在颗粒表面，存在用水量大、回收液浓度低、蒸汽消耗量大等缺点。洗涤时容易出现有些地方过量洗涤，而有些部位确没能得到有效洗涤，为了达到洗涤要求，不得不大量增加洗涤液或水，反复洗涤，使回收液浓度降低，水处理成本大幅增加。
在环保行业和选矿行业也存在用水量大，产生的污水排放量多等问题。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，该设备能够解决洗涤不均匀问题。本发明文中的洗涤物料呈粉状或浆料状，文中所述粉状物料或浆料都是洗涤物料。所述过滤排水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面简称过滤排水装置过滤面。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤装置。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种用于洗涤细小物料的洗涤装置。
 技术解决方案
为实现本发明目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备。所述设备包括盛放装置、过滤排水装置和搅动装置或扰动装置。盛放装置用于放置待洗涤物料或者洗涤物料；过滤排水装置设置于所述盛放装置的底部，用于将洗涤后的液体排出，并阻滞沿所述过滤排水装置和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动，从而使待洗涤物料能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置与待洗涤物料的接触面平面错动，或者阻滞沿所述过滤排水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动；搅动装置或扰动装置，安置于所述盛放装置的上侧，用于搅动洗涤物料或者扰动洗涤物料。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述盛放装置的上部安装有透水装置，所述透水装置为洗涤液能够透过而洗涤物料难以反方向穿过的多孔装置，由如滤布、滤板或带过式滤机带等组成。
所述透水装置用于向所述盛放装置内注入洗涤液，并阻滞沿所述透水装置和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿所述透水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述过滤排水装置包括过滤层，所述过滤层为用多孔材料分离洗涤物料中有害物质的层，由滤布、滤板、带式过滤机带等构成；
所述搅动装置包括转轴和连接于所述转轴设置的搅叶，所述转轴垂直于所述过滤层，或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，所述搅叶或者所述扰动部件垂直于所述过滤层的尺寸不大于平行于所述过滤层的尺寸，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒尽可能沿与所述过滤层平行的平面错动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述搅叶或者扰动部件的横截面为扁平状或圆形，以在运动时尽可能使粉状物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层平行的平面错动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备还包括：阻流网，所述阻流网沿着所述过滤层的垂直方向布置，且所述阻流网为网状或格栅状结构，允许粉状物料自由通过且阻碍粉状物料颗粒沿所述阻流网所在平面移动，在所述搅叶开动时阻滞粉状物料移动，使粉状物料颗粒形成错动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述搅动装置包括多个搅叶，转轴上相同高度设置的相邻的多个搅叶之间通过线、格栅或网连接于一起，其中，所述网的网孔大于所述粉状物料和浆料颗粒的直径。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述搅叶上设置有分叉以增加搅动效率；且所述搅叶的外侧边缘与所述盛放装置的内壁的距离不大于所述转轴与所述盛放装置的内壁的距离的二分之一。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述盛放装置为送料带，所述送料带上开设有漏孔。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述过滤排水装置包括过滤层；
所述搅动装置包括转轴和垂直于所述转轴设置的搅叶，所述转轴垂直于所述过滤层，或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，所述搅叶或者扰动部件垂直于所述过滤层的尺寸不大于平行于所述过滤层的尺寸，所述搅叶或者扰动部件与所述过滤层平行，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层平行的平面错动，所述搅叶或者扰动部件的横截面为扁平状或圆形，以在相对运动时使粉状物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层平行的平面错动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中，所述透水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面平行于所述过滤排水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤装置。所述装置包括过滤排水装置，用于将洗涤后的液体排出，并阻滞沿所述过滤排水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动，所述过滤排水装置包括过滤层，所述过滤层为分离洗涤物料中有害物质的多孔材料；
透水装置，所述透水装置安置于所述过滤排水装置的上侧，用于洗涤液从所述透水装置穿过注入置于所述过滤排水装置与所述透水装置之间的洗涤物料，并阻滞沿所述透水装置和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿所述透水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动，所述透水装置为洗涤液能够透过而洗涤物料难以反方向穿过的多孔装置；所述透水装置（4）和洗涤物料的接触面能够相对所述过滤排水装置（2）水平移动或相对所述过滤排水装置（2）转动，或者所述过滤排水装置（2）和洗涤物料的接触面能够相对所述透水装置（4）水平移动或相对所述透水装置（4）转动，从而带动接触面的洗涤物料颗粒运动，使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动；所述透水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面平行于所述过滤排水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种用于洗涤细小物料的洗涤装置。所述装置包括过滤排水装置，用于将洗涤后的液体排出，并阻滞沿所述过滤排水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动；
搅动装置或扰动装置，安置于所述过滤排水装置的上侧，用于搅动洗涤物料或者扰动洗涤物料；
透水装置，安置于所述搅动装置或扰动装置的上侧，用于洗涤液从其穿过注入置于所述过滤排水装置与其之间的洗涤物料，并阻滞沿所述透水装置和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿所述透水装置和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动；
其中，所述过滤排水装置包括过滤层；
所述搅动装置包括转轴和连接于所述转轴的搅叶，所述转轴垂直于所述过滤层，或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，所述搅叶或者所述扰动部件垂直于所述过滤层的尺寸不大于平行于所述过滤层的尺寸，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层平行的平面错动；
所述搅叶或所述扰动部件的横截面为扁平状或圆形，以在运动时使粉状物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层平行的平面错动。
 有益效果
本发明中的一个实施例具有如下优点或有益效果：
本发明提供的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备。所述洗涤设备解决洗涤不均匀、洗涤用水量大，回收液浓度低、蒸汽消耗量大等问题。所述搅叶或者扰动部件为能够使粉状物料颗粒与邻近颗粒发生相对位移的部件，可以是在传动装置或动力的推动下运动，从而产生移动或往复运动，牵引粉状物料颗粒运动的部件。也可以是在运动的滤带上粉状物料经过位置的所述扰动装置的固定部件，如网、格栅、线，由于粉状物料自身运动，与所述扰动装置的固定部件形成相对运动，固定的部件能使粉状物料沿与所述过滤排水装置过滤面平行的平面错动。
本发明中具有如下优点：
    在过滤排水装置和透水装置的约束下，采用搅动、扰动装置、过滤排水装置或透水装置使洗涤物料颗粒沿平行于所述过滤排水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动，与此同时洗涤液通过透水装置全断面渗流进入洗涤物料颗粒，全面同时均匀地从上到下逐个洗涤物料颗粒，将有害物质向下挤出，本发明设备使洗涤可以用类似磨盘的方法，使洗涤物料颗粒沿平行于所述过滤排水装置与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动，使洗涤液能够洗涤颗粒的不同部位，并避免了洗涤物料颗粒附带的溶液向上移动影响洗涤液的纯净度，结合全断面有压渗流能用最少的洗涤液起到良好的洗涤效果。
 附图说明
通过参照附图详细描述其示例实施方式，本发明的上述和其它特征及优点将变得更加明显。
图1是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备的示意图。
图2是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种用于洗涤细小物料的洗涤装置的示意图。
图3是根据一示例性实施方式示出的用于洗涤细小物料的洗涤装置的另一示意图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
1、盛放装置；2、过滤排水装置；21、过滤层；3、搅动装置；31、转轴；32、搅叶；4、透水装置；5、阻流网。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本发明将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。
用语“一个”、“一”、“该”、“所述”用以表示存在一个或多个要素/组成部分/等；用语“包括”和“具有”用以表示开放式的包括在内的意思并且是指除了列出的要素/组成部分/等之外还可存在另外的要素/组成部分/等。
如图1所示，图1示出了本发明提供的一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备的示意图。
本发明实施例的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备。新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备包括盛放装置1、过滤排水装置2和搅动装置3。盛放装置1用于放置待洗涤物料或者洗涤物料；过滤排水装置2设置于盛放装置1的底部，用于将洗涤后的水排出，并阻滞沿过滤排水装置2和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动从而使待洗涤物料能沿平行于过滤排水装置2与待洗涤物料的接触面的平面错动，或者阻滞沿过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于过滤排水装置2与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动；搅动装置3安置于盛放装置1的上侧，用于搅动洗涤物料或者扰动洗涤物料。
其中，盛放装置1可以放置需要洗涤的物料，并在方便的时候进行洗涤。过滤排水装置2可以放置在盛放装置1的底部，其尺寸匹配盛放装置1的尺寸以能够将盛放装置1洗涤后的洗涤水过滤然后排出。另外地，过滤排水装置2也可以放置在盛放装置1的侧部。搅动装置3安置于盛放装置1的内部的上侧，以方便搅动或者扰动待洗涤的物料。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，盛放装置1的上部安装有透水装置4，透水装置4为洗涤液能够透过而洗涤物料难以反方向穿过的多孔装置，包括如滤布、滤板或带过式滤机带等。透水装置4位于所述搅动装置3或扰动装置上侧，透水装置4用于向盛放装置1内注入洗涤液，并阻滞沿透水装置4和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿透水装置4和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动。透水装置4可以为活动的。
如图1所示，盛放装置1优选为壳体。壳体的上部安装有透水装置4以方便注入洗涤液，。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，过滤排水装置2包括过滤层21，过滤层为用多孔材料分离洗涤物料中有害物质的层，包括滤布、滤板或带式过滤机带等；搅动装置3包括转轴31和连接于转轴31设置的搅叶32，转轴31垂直于过滤层21，或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，搅叶32垂直于过滤层21的尺寸不大于平行于过滤层21的尺寸，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒沿与过滤层21平行的平面错动。搅叶32的横截面为扁平状或圆形，以在转动时使粉状物料颗粒沿与过滤层21平行的平面错动。
如图1所示，搅动装置3可以为多个。搅动装置3的转轴31与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21垂直。搅动装置3的搅叶32在与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21垂直方向厚度小，作业时对物料的推挤影响小，能使物料颗粒沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面错动，搅动装置3的动部件32优选为搅动装置3的搅叶，搅动装置3的搅叶32横断面为扁平状，长轴与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行，或者搅动装置3的搅叶32的横断面也可以为小圆形，在作业时使物料能沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面错动。
搅拌是搅动拌和，通过搅拌器发生某种循环，能使溶液中的气体、液体甚至悬浮的颗粒得以混合均匀，因此需要搅叶32较为宽大，以便能快速、高效地使颗粒混合均匀，会使粉状物料颗粒的有害物质与洗涤液混合在一起。该新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备的搅动与传统的搅拌不同，在搅叶32或扰动部件的作用下，搅叶32或扰动部件附近的洗涤物料颗粒随着搅叶32或扰动部件运动，而与所述过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面、透水装置4和阻流网5接触的洗涤物料颗粒受到阻滞，从搅叶32或扰动部件到过滤排水装置过滤面、透水装置4和阻流网5的洗涤物料颗粒形成不同的移动速度。在过滤排水装置过滤面、透水装置4和阻流网5的约束和搅叶32或扰动部件作用下，洗涤物料颗粒产生沿平行于过滤排水装置2的过滤面平面的错动。采用平行与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21的搅叶32搅动或扰动部件扰动，其目的在于使粉状物料颗粒尽可能在沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面进行移动、旋转，解决了渗流过程中，有些位置狭小，洗涤液难以洗涤到，造成洗涤不均匀的问题。同时尽可能避免产生沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21垂直方向的移动，不是拌和。洗涤液由透水装置4或过滤排水装置2沿垂直过滤排水装置2的过滤面21的方向渗入粉状物料和浆料颗粒，依次洗涤颗粒，在该搅动装置3的搅叶32或扰动装置的扰动部件作用下，粉状物料颗粒沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面错动，粉状物料颗粒尽可能在沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面进行移动、旋转，颗粒间隙的洗涤液在颗粒，后续洗涤液等的约束下，难以影响后续洗涤液的品质，从而保证了采用少量洗涤液就可以有优异洗涤的效果。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备还包括：阻流网5，阻流网5沿着过滤层21的垂直方向布置，且阻流网5为网状或格栅状结构，允许粉状物料自由通过且阻碍粉状物料颗粒沿阻流网5所在平面移动，在搅叶32开动时阻滞粉状物料移动，使粉状物料颗粒形成错动，所述阻流网可为活动、可开关式，以便于物料放入和取出。。
如图1所示，阻流网5可以为多个，与搅叶32交替设置。多个阻流网5平行设置。优选地，阻流网5平行于过滤层21。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，搅动装置3包括多个搅叶32，转轴31上相同高度的相邻的多个搅叶32之间通过线、格栅或网连接于一起，其中，网的网孔大于粉状物料和浆料颗粒的直径。
如图1所示，搅动装置3包括一根竖直的转轴31。多个搅叶32沿着竖直方向均匀的设置在转轴31上。转轴31上相同高度设置的搅叶32之间设置线、格栅或网可以更好的搅动粉状物料和浆料颗粒。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，搅叶32上设置有分叉以增加搅动效率；且搅叶32的外侧边缘与壳体的内壁的距离不大于转轴31与壳体的内壁的距离的二分之一。
如图1所示，搅叶32上的分叉可以增大搅动的接触量进而增加搅动效率。
本发明的实施方式
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，盛放装置1为送料带，送料带上开设有漏孔。
如图2和图3所示，送料带上放置待清洗物料。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，过滤排水装置2包括过滤层21；搅动装置3包括转轴31和垂直于转轴31设置的搅叶32，转轴31垂直于过滤层21，或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，搅叶32或者扰动部件垂直于过滤层21的尺寸不大于平行于过滤层21的尺寸，搅叶32或者扰动部件与过滤层21平行，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒沿与过滤层21平行的平面错动，搅叶32或者扰动部件的横截面为扁平状或圆形，以在相对运动时使粉状物料颗粒尽可能沿与过滤层21平行的平面错动。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备优选为板框压滤机或箱式压滤机或立式压滤机的滤室，压滤机的滤室包括滤室的滤板(或滤框)和滤布组成的过滤排水装置2、搅动装置3或扰动装置。透水装置4为滤室内滤板(或滤框)和滤布组成的过滤排水装置2另一侧的滤板(或滤框)和滤布，由于滤室宽度小，不设置阻流网5。为减小搅动装置3或扰动装置作业的影响，搅动装置3 的搅叶32或扰动装置的扰动部件在与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21垂直方向厚度薄。
在输料泵的压力作用下，将需要处理的粉状物料或浆料液体送进各滤室，通过压滤机滤室的滤板(或滤框)和滤布组成的过滤排水装置2或压滤机滤室的滤板(或滤框)和滤布组成的透水装置4，滤液向外渗透，在滤布上形成滤渣，直至充满滤室形成滤饼，滤液穿过滤布并沿滤板沟槽流至下方出液孔通道排出。随后，通入洗涤液，洗涤液穿过压滤机滤室的滤板(或滤框)和滤布组成的透水装置4，渗流入滤饼，与此同时搅动搅动装置3的搅叶32，使滤饼的粉状物料颗粒沿与压滤机滤室的滤板(或滤框)和滤布组成的过滤排水装置2的滤布平行的平面错动，洗涤滤饼，去除滤饼中的有害物质。
本申请的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备为了能洗涤粉状物料和浆料颗粒，在滤布上粉状物料或浆料上方设置喷淋装置喷淋物料，喷淋的洗涤液穿过透水装置4洗涤滤布上粉状物料或浆料。在粉状物料和浆料经过位置或位置上方设置扰动装置的扰动部件，扰动装置的扰动部件为不动的结构，如网格、格栅或不少于一条线，粉状物料或浆料（洗涤物料）在滤布上随滤布一起移动，透水装置4与粉状物料（洗涤物料）的接触面也同时运动，由于粉状物料自身运动，与扰动装置的不动的结构形成相对运动，在过滤排水装置2的过滤面、透水装置4的作用下,与过滤排水装置2的过滤面、透水装置4接触的洗涤物料颗粒随着过滤排水装置2的过滤面、透水装置4的接触面运动，与所述扰动装置的扰动部件（不动的结构）接触的粉状物料（洗涤物料）颗粒受到阻滞，沿扰动部件到过滤排水装置2的过滤面和透水装置4的接触面的粉状物料或浆料（洗涤物料）颗粒形成不同的移动速度。在过滤排水装置2的过滤面和透水装置4的约束和扰动部件作用下，洗涤物料颗粒产生沿平行于过滤排水装置2的过滤面的平面错动。扰动装置的不动的扰动结构也能使粉状物料颗粒或浆料沿与过滤排水装置2（滤布）过滤面21平行的平面错动，使粉状物料颗粒尽可能在沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面进行移动、旋转，解决了渗流过程中，有些位置狭小，洗涤液难以洗涤到，造成洗涤不均匀的问题。同时尽可能避免产生沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21垂直方向的移动，因此，能够更加均匀、彻底地洗涤，将粉状物料颗粒和浆料中的有害物质去除，经过洗涤、沉降和过滤等工作区域，形成滤渣。
扰动装置的扰动部件为能够使粉状物料颗粒与邻近颗粒发生相对位移的物体，扰动部件可以是在传动装置或动力的推动下运动，从而产生往复运动或移动，沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面运动，扰动部件可以是网、格栅、线等结构，使粉状物料颗粒沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面错动。
 工业实用性
本发明实施例的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤装置包括过滤排水装置2，用于将洗涤后的液体排出，并阻滞沿过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于过滤排水装置2与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动，过滤排水装置2包括过滤层21，过滤层21为分离洗涤物料中有害物质的多孔材料；
透水装置4安置于过滤排水装置2的上侧，用于洗涤液从透水装置4穿过注入置于过滤排水装置2与透水装置4之间的洗涤物料，并阻滞沿透水装置4和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿透水装置4和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于过滤排水装置2与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动，透水装置4为洗涤液能够透过而洗涤物料难以反方向穿过的多孔装置，所述透水装置4和洗涤物料的接触面能够相对所述过滤排水装置2水平移动或相对所述过滤排水装置2转动，或者所述过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料的接触面能够相对所述透水装置4水平移动或相对所述透水装置4转动，从而带动接触面的洗涤物料颗粒运动，使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于过滤排水装置2与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动；透水装置4与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面优选平行于过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面。
其中，过滤排水装置2运动，透水装置（4）没有同步运动，过滤排水装置2与透水装置4之间形成相对移动或相对转动，过滤排水装置2阻滞沿过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而带动附件的洗涤物料颗粒运动，透水装置4阻滞沿透水装置4和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从过滤排水装置2与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面到透水装置4与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的洗涤物料颗粒形成不同的移动速度。在过滤排水装置2的过滤面和透水装置4的约束作用下，洗涤物料颗粒产生沿平行于过滤排水装置2的过滤面平面的错动。
或者是透水装置4运动，过滤排水装置2没有同步运动，透水装置4与过滤排水装置2之间形成相对移动或相对转动，透水装置4阻滞沿透水装置4和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而带动附件的洗涤物料颗粒运动，过滤排水装置2阻滞沿过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从透水装置4与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面到过滤排水装置2与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的洗涤物料颗粒形成不同的移动速度。在过滤排水装置2的过滤面和透水装置4的约束作用下，洗涤物料颗粒产生沿平行于过滤排水装置2的过滤面平面的错动。
本发明实施例的用于洗涤细小物料的洗涤装置包括过滤排水装置2，用于将洗涤后的液体排出，并阻滞沿过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于过滤排水装置2与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动；搅动装置3或扰动装置，安置于过滤排水装置2的上侧，用于搅动洗涤物料或者扰动洗涤物料；透水装置4安置于搅动装置3或扰动装置的上侧，用于洗涤液从其穿过注入置于过滤排水装置2与其之间的洗涤物料，并阻滞沿透水装置4和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿透水装置4和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动；其中，过滤排水装置2包括过滤层21；搅动装置3包括转轴31和连接于转轴31的搅叶32，转轴31垂直于过滤层21，或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，搅叶32或者扰动部件垂直于过滤层21的尺寸不大于平行于过滤层21的尺寸，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒沿与过滤层21平行的平面错动；搅叶32或扰动部件的横截面为扁平状或圆形，以在运动时使粉状物料颗粒沿与过滤层21平行的平面错动。细小物料的粒径优选为小于3mm。细小物料的粒径还优选为小于2mm。
优选地，过滤排水装置2与透水装置4都可以作为搅动装置3或者扰动装置来使用。
优选地，透水装置4与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面平行于过滤排水装置2和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面。
本发明的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备可实现如下效果：
解决洗涤设备洗涤不均匀、洗涤用水量大，回收液浓度低、蒸汽消耗量大等问题。扰动部件为能够使粉状物料颗粒与邻近颗粒发生相对位移的部件，可以是在传动装置或动力的推动下运动，从而产生移动或往复运动，牵引粉状物料颗粒运动。也可以是在运动的滤带上粉状物料经过位置的扰动装置的固定部件，如网、格栅、线，由于粉状物料自身运动，与扰动装置的固定部件形成相对运动，固定的部件能使粉状物料沿与过滤排水装置2的过滤面21平行的平面错动。
在本发明实施例中，术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。术语“安装”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明实施例中的具体含义。
本发明实施例的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、 “水平”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或单元必须具有特定的方向、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此，不能理解为对本发明实施例的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一个优选实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本发明实施例的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上仅为本发明实施例的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明实施例，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明实施例可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明实施例的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明实施例的保护范围之内。
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Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，其特征在于，包括：
    盛放装置（1），用于放置待洗涤物料或者洗涤物料；
    过滤排水装置（2），设置于所述盛放装置（1）的底部，用于将洗涤后的液体排出，并阻滞沿所述过滤排水装置（2）和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置（2）与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动；
    搅动装置（3）或扰动装置，安置于所述盛放装置（1）的上侧，用于搅动洗涤物料或者扰动洗涤物料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，其特征在于，所述盛放装置（1）的上部安装有透水装置（4），所述透水装置（4）用于向所述盛放装置（1）内注入洗涤液，并阻滞沿所述透水装置（4）和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿所述透水装置（4）和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，其特征在于，
    所述过滤排水装置（2）包括过滤层（21）；
    所述搅动装置（3）包括转轴（31）和连接于所述转轴（31）的搅叶（32），所述转轴（31）垂直于所述过滤层（21），或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，所述搅叶（32）或者所述扰动部件垂直于所述过滤层（21）的尺寸不大于平行于所述过滤层（21）的尺寸，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层（21）平行的平面错动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，其特征在于，所述搅叶（32）或所述扰动部件的横截面为扁平状或圆形，以在运动时使粉状物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层（21）平行的平面错动。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，其特征在于，还包括：阻流网（5），所述阻流网（5）沿着所述过滤层（21）的垂直方向布置，且所述阻流网（5）为网状或格栅状结构，能阻碍粉状物料颗粒沿所述阻流网（5）所在平面移动，在所述搅叶（32）开动时阻滞粉状物料移动，使粉状物料颗粒形成错动。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，其特征在于，所述搅动装置（3）包括多个搅叶（32），转轴（31）上相同高度设置的相邻的多个搅叶（32）之间通过线、格栅或网连接于一起。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，其特征在于，所述搅叶（32）上设置有分叉以增加搅动效率；且
    所述搅叶（32）的外侧边缘与所述盛放装置（1）的内壁的距离不大于所述转轴（31）与所述盛放装置（1）的内壁的距离的二分之一。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤设备，其特征在于，
    所述过滤排水装置（2）包括过滤层（21）；
    所述搅动装置（3）包括转轴（31）和垂直于所述转轴（31）设置的搅叶（32），所述转轴（31）垂直于所述过滤层（21），或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，所述搅叶（32）或者扰动部件垂直于所述过滤层（21）的尺寸不大于平行于所述过滤层（21）的尺寸，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层（21）平行的平面错动，所述搅叶（32）或扰动部件的横截面为扁平状或圆形，以在相对运动时使粉状物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层（21）平行的平面错动。
  9. 一种新型粉状物料和浆料的洗涤装置，其特征在于，包括：
    过滤排水装置（2），用于将洗涤后的液体排出，并阻滞沿所述过滤排水装置（2）和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置（2）与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动，所述过滤排水装置（2）包括过滤层（21），所述过滤层（21）为分离洗涤物料中有害物质和溶液的多孔材料；
    透水装置（4），所述透水装置（4）安置于所述过滤排水装置（2）的上侧，用于洗涤液从所述透水装置（4）穿过注入置于所述过滤排水装置（2）与所述透水装置（4）之间的洗涤物料，并阻滞沿所述透水装置（4）和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿所述透水装置（4）和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置（2）与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动，所述透水装置（4）为洗涤液能够透过而洗涤物料难以反方向穿过的多孔装置；
    所述透水装置（4）和洗涤物料的接触面能够相对所述过滤排水装置（2）水平移动或相对所述过滤排水装置（2）转动，或者所述过滤排水装置（2）和洗涤物料的接触面能够相对所述透水装置（4）水平移动或相对所述透水装置（4）转动，从而带动接触面的洗涤物料颗粒运动，使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置（2）与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动。
  10. 一种用于洗涤细小物料的洗涤装置，其特征在于，包括：
    过滤排水装置（2），用于将洗涤后的液体排出，并阻滞沿所述过滤排水装置（2）和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动，从而使洗涤物料颗粒能沿平行于所述过滤排水装置（2）与洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的平面错动；
    搅动装置（3）或扰动装置，安置于所述过滤排水装置（2）的上侧，用于搅动洗涤物料或者扰动洗涤物料；
    透水装置（4），安置于所述搅动装置（3）或扰动装置的上侧，用于洗涤液从所述透水装置（4）穿过注入置于所述过滤排水装置（2）与所述透水装置（4）之间的洗涤物料，并阻滞沿所述透水装置（4）和待洗涤物料的接触面的相对移动或者阻滞沿所述透水装置（4）和洗涤物料颗粒的接触面的相对移动；
    其中，所述过滤排水装置（2）包括过滤层（21）；
    所述搅动装置（3）包括转轴（31）和连接于所述转轴（31）的搅叶（32），所述转轴（31）垂直于所述过滤层（21），或者扰动装置包括用于扰动物料的扰动部件，所述搅叶（32）或者所述扰动部件垂直于所述过滤层（21）的尺寸不大于平行于所述过滤层（21）的尺寸，以在运动时减少对物料的推挤，使物料颗粒沿与所述过滤层（21）平行的平面错动。
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