WO2023143630A1 - 一种核苷类似物vv116的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种核苷类似物vv116的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2023143630A1
WO2023143630A1 PCT/CN2023/079318 CN2023079318W WO2023143630A1 WO 2023143630 A1 WO2023143630 A1 WO 2023143630A1 CN 2023079318 W CN2023079318 W CN 2023079318W WO 2023143630 A1 WO2023143630 A1 WO 2023143630A1
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compound
formula
combination
acetonitrile
base
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PCT/CN2023/079318
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English (en)
French (fr)
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胡天文
谢元超
朱富强
沈敬山
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苏州旺山旺水生物医药有限公司
旺山旺水(连云港)制药有限公司
中国科学院上海药物研究所
中国科学院武汉病毒研究所
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Publication of WO2023143630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023143630A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04Ortho-condensed systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of pharmacy, in particular to a preparation method of nucleoside analogue VV116.
  • VV116 is a new type of oral anti-new coronavirus nucleoside compound.
  • VV116 also has inhibitory activity against other viruses (such as respiratory syncytial virus, dengue virus, hepatitis C virus, Zika virus, etc.). Therefore, research on the synthesis method of VV116 is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of viral infectious diseases.
  • this method has some shortcomings, such as the use of a protecting group strategy in the synthesis of compound 7, which increases the reaction steps of protection and deprotection, and compound 7 needs to be purified by column chromatography, which is not conducive to the large-scale commercialization of VV116 chemical production. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a new synthesis method of VV116 with simple steps, economical and environmental protection, green and sustainable.
  • the invention provides a preparation method of antiviral nucleoside analogue VV116.
  • the method has short steps, high yield, easy process control and simple operation, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of formula (I), said method comprising the following steps:
  • the acylating agent is selected from isobutyryl chloride or isobutyric anhydride, preferably, isobutyric anhydride;
  • the base is selected from pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2,4,6-collidine, 2,6-collidine, 3-collidine, triethylamine, N,N -Diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, hydrogen phosphate
  • dipotassium preferably, 4-dimethylaminopyridine;
  • reaction solvent is selected from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, isoacetic acid
  • propyl esters preferably, N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (III) to the volume part of the reaction solvent is 1g: (1-20) mL, preferably, 1 g: (2-10) mL; more preferably, 1 g: (3 ⁇ 5) mL;
  • reaction temperature is -20 to 80°C, preferably -10 to 40°C, more preferably -5 to 10°C;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (III) to the acylating agent is 1:(2.5-5.0), preferably 1:(2.9-4.0), more preferably 1:(3.0-3.5);
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (III) to the base is 1:(0.02-5.0), preferably 1:(0.02-1.0), more preferably 1:(0.05-0.2);
  • the hydrogen bromide is selected from hydrobromic acid or hydrobromic acetic acid solution
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (II) to hydrogen bromide is 1:(1 ⁇ 1.2);
  • the solvent is selected from aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene; or esters, such as isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate; or ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran , methyl tert-butyl ether, anisole; or other solvents, such as acetonitrile, methylene chloride, etc.; or a combination of the above solvents; preferably isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, methyl Base tert-butyl ether; more preferably acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, etc.;
  • reaction temperature is -20-60°C, preferably -10-30°C; more preferably, 0-20°C;
  • step (c) the acylating agent is isobutyric anhydride
  • step (c) the base is 4-dimethylaminopyridine
  • reaction solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone
  • reaction solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide
  • step (c) the volume ratio of the compound of formula (III) to the solvent is 1 g: (3-5) mL;
  • step (c) the reaction temperature is -5 to 5°C
  • step (c) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (III), isobutyric anhydride, and base is 1: (3.0-3.5): (0.01-0.20), preferably 1: (3.00 ⁇ 3.20): (0.05 ⁇ 0.15);
  • step (c) after the reaction is completed, add methyl tert-butyl ether and water, extract, concentrate the organic phase, add n-heptane and stir to obtain the compound of formula (II) as a solid.
  • the reagent D is hydrobromic acid, preferably a 48% aqueous hydrogen bromide solution; the reaction solvent is acetonitrile, and the reaction temperature is 5-25°C.
  • step (d) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (II) to hydrobromic acid is 1:(1-1.2).
  • step (d) after the reaction is completed, beating and purifying, the solvent used is selected from tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, methyl tert-butyl ether, acetone, ethyl acetate and isopropanol or a combination thereof, preferably , for acetonitrile, methyl tert-butyl ether.
  • step (d) the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (II) to the volume part of methyl tert-butyl ether is 1 g: (1-10) mL.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of formula (III), the method comprising the following steps:
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the debenzylation reagent is selected from one of boron trichloride or boron tribromide, preferably boron trichloride, more preferably boron trichloride gas or dichloromethane of boron trichloride solution;
  • reaction solvent is dichloromethane
  • reaction temperature is -70 to 30°C; preferably, -50 to -10°C; more preferably, -40 to -20°C;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (V) to the debenzylation reagent is 1:(3-6), preferably 1:(3-4);
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the catalyst is selected from one or a combination of palladium carbon, platinum carbon or Raney nickel, preferably palladium carbon;
  • the base is selected from ammonia water, imidazole, triazole, triethylamine, diisopropylamine, diisopropylethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, pyridine, 2-picoline, 2,6- One of lutidine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, N,N-dimethylaniline, tetrahydropyrrole, morpholine, piperidine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, or A composition; preferably, triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine;
  • reaction pressure is 0.1-3.0Mpa, preferably, 1.0-2.0Mpa;
  • reaction temperature is 25-100°C, preferably 55-75°C;
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (IV) to the volume part of the solvent is 1g:(1-30)mL; preferably, it is 1g:(3-10)mL;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the base is 1:(1 ⁇ 3); preferably, it is 1:(1.5 ⁇ 2.5);
  • the weight ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the catalyst is 1:(0.01-0.5); preferably, 1:(0.02-0.2); more preferably, 1:(0.05-0.15);
  • the debenzylation reagent is boron trichloride, preferably, boron trichloride gas or 1.0M boron trichloride in methylene chloride;
  • the reaction temperature is -60 to -10°C, preferably -45 to -15°C, more preferably -35 to -25°C;
  • step (a) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (V) to boron trichloride is 1:(3-6), preferably, the molar ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to boron trichloride The ratio is 1:4;
  • step (a) after the reaction is completed, methanol is added dropwise to quench the reaction, and the temperature is raised to -20-10°C, Add n-heptane dropwise to produce solid precipitation, filter, suspend the filter cake in water, then adjust the pH to 8-9 with sodium carbonate solution, filter to obtain the crude product, heat and beat with acetonitrile to obtain the pure product of the compound of formula (IV).
  • the catalyst is a palladium catalyst, preferably palladium carbon, more preferably 5% or 10% palladium carbon;
  • the catalyst in step (b), is palladium carbon, and the dry basis content of palladium carbon is 5-10%. Calculated based on the mass of palladium carbon dry matrix, the mass ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to palladium carbon is 1: (0.01 ⁇ 0.2)
  • step (b) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the organic base is 1: (1-3);
  • step (b) the reaction pressure is 1.2-1.7Mpa;
  • reaction pressure can be 1.0Mpa by assisting pressurization with helium
  • reaction temperature is 25-65°C, preferably 55-65°C;
  • step (b) the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (IV) to the volume part of the solvent is 1 g: (1-10) mL;
  • the reaction solvent is selected from one of N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, methanol or a combination thereof.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of formula (II), the method comprising the following steps:
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the catalyst is selected from one or a combination of palladium carbon, platinum carbon or Raney nickel, preferably palladium carbon;
  • the base is selected from ammonia water, imidazole, triazole, triethylamine, diisopropylamine, diisopropylethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, pyridine, 2-picoline, 2,6- One of lutidine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, N,N-dimethylaniline, tetrahydropyrrole, morpholine, piperidine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, or Composition; preferably, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine;
  • reaction pressure is 0.1-3.0Mpa, preferably, 1.0-2.0Mpa;
  • reaction temperature is 25-100°C, preferably 55-75°C;
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (IV) to the volume part of the solvent is 1g:(1-30)mL; preferably, it is 1g:(3-10)mL;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the base is 1:(1 ⁇ 3); preferably, it is 1:(1.5 ⁇ 2.5);
  • the weight ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the catalyst is 1:(0.01-0.5); preferably, 1:(0.02-0.2); more preferably, 1:(0.05-0.15);
  • reagent B is a palladium catalyst, preferably palladium carbon, more preferably 5% or 10% palladium carbon;
  • reagent B is palladium carbon, and the dry basis content of palladium carbon is 5-10%.
  • the mass ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to palladium carbon is 1:(0.01 ⁇ 0.2), preferably
  • step (e) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VI) to the organic base is 1:(1 ⁇ 3);
  • step (e) the reaction pressure is 1.0Mpa;
  • reaction pressure is 1.0Mpa by helium supplemented with pressurization
  • reaction temperature is 25-65°C, preferably 55-65°C;
  • step (e) the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (VI) to the volume part of the solvent is 1 g: (1-10) mL.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a compound of formula (VI), or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof;
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of formula (VI), the method comprising the following steps:
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the acylating agent is selected from isobutyryl chloride or isobutyric anhydride, preferably, isobutyric anhydride;
  • the base is selected from pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2,4,6-collidine, 2,6-collidine, 3-collidine, triethylamine, N,N -Diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, hydrogen phosphate
  • dipotassium preferably, 4-dimethylaminopyridine;
  • reaction solvent is selected from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, isoacetic acid
  • propyl esters preferably, N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (IV) to the volume part of the reaction solvent is 1g: (1-20) mL, preferably, 1 g: (2-10) mL; more preferably, 1 g: (3 ⁇ 5) mL;
  • reaction temperature is -20 to 80°C, preferably -10 to 40°C, more preferably -5 to 10°C;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the acylating agent is 1:(2.5-5.0), preferably 1:(2.9-4.0), more preferably 1:(3.0-3.5);
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the base is 1:(0.02-5.0), preferably 1:(0.02-1.0), more preferably 1:(0.05-0.2);
  • step (f) the acylating agent is isobutyric anhydride
  • step (f) the base is 4-dimethylaminopyridine
  • reaction solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone
  • reaction solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide
  • step (f) the volume ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (IV) to the reaction solvent is 1 g: (5-8) mL;
  • step (f) the reaction temperature is -5 to 5°C;
  • step (f) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (IV), the acylating agent, and the base is 1: (3.0-3.5): (0.01-0.20), preferably 1: (3.00 ⁇ 3.20): (0.05 ⁇ 0.15);
  • step (f) the acylating agent is isobutyric anhydride, the base is 4-dimethylaminopyridine, the reaction solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone, and the reaction temperature is -5-5°C.
  • the sixth aspect of the present invention provides another preparation method of the compound of formula (VI), said method comprising the following steps:
  • the acylating agent is selected from isobutyryl chloride or isobutyric anhydride, preferably, isobutyric anhydride;
  • the base is selected from pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2,4,6-collidine, 2,6-collidine, 3-collidine, triethylamine, N,N -Diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, hydrogen phosphate
  • dipotassium preferably, 4-dimethylaminopyridine;
  • reaction solvent is selected from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, isoacetic acid
  • propyl esters preferably, N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (VIII) to the volume part of the reaction solvent is 1g: (1-20) mL, preferably, 1 g: (2-10) mL; more preferably, 1 g: (3 ⁇ 5) mL;
  • reaction temperature is -20 to 80°C, preferably -10 to 40°C, more preferably -5 to 10°C;
  • the molar ratio of the acylating agent is 1:(2.5-5.0), preferably 1:(2.9-4.0), more preferably 1:(3.0-3.5);
  • the molar ratio of the base is 1:(0.02-5.0), preferably 1:(0.02-1.0), more preferably 1:(0.05-0.2);
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the halogenating reagent is selected from N-iodosuccinimide, iodine element, iodine chloride, liquid bromine, N-bromosuccinimide, dibromohydantoin, N-chlorobutane One of imide, dichlorohydantoin or chlorine; preferably, when X is I or Br, the halogenating reagent is selected from N-iodosuccinimide, simple iodine, iodine chloride, liquid One of bromine, N-bromosuccinimide and dibromohydantoin; more preferably, when X is 1, the reagent is selected from one of N-iodosuccinimide and iodine simple substance kind.
  • reaction can be reacted with or without an additive
  • the additive is selected from one or a combination thereof selected from trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, acetic acid, hydroiodic acid, copper sulfate, cupric chloride or silver nitrate; preferably, trifluoroacetic acid acetic acid;
  • the additive when X is Br, is selected from one or a combination thereof selected from trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, acetic acid or hydrobromic acid; preferably, it is hydrobromic acid;
  • the additive is selected from one or a combination thereof selected from trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid; preferably, it is hydrochloric acid;
  • the reaction solvent is selected from the solvents selected from aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene; or esters, such as isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate; or ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, anisole; or other solvents such as acetonitrile, dichloromethane, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N- Methylpyrrolidone, etc.; or a combination of the above solvents; preferably methanol, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide; more preferably methanol, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, etc.;
  • step (g) the acylating agent is isobutyric anhydride
  • step (g) the base is 4-dimethylaminopyridine
  • reaction solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone
  • reaction solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide
  • step (g) the volume ratio of the compound of formula (VIII) to the reaction solvent is 1 g: (5-8) mL;
  • step (g) the reaction temperature is -5 to 5°C
  • step (g) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VIII), the acylating agent, and the base is 1: (3.0-3.5): (0.01-0.20), preferably 1: (3.00 ⁇ 3.20): (0.05 ⁇ 0.15);
  • step (g) the acylating agent is isobutyric anhydride, the base is 4-dimethylaminopyridine, the reaction solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone, and the reaction temperature is -5-5°C;
  • step (h) when the halogenating reagent is N-chlorosuccinimide, N-bromosuccinimide or N-iodosuccinimide, the additive is selected from from one of an organic acid or an inorganic acid;
  • step (h) when the halogenating reagent is N-iodosuccinimide, the additive is selected from one of organic acids or inorganic acids;
  • step (h) when the halogenating reagent is N-iodosuccinimide, the additive is an organic acid, and the organic acid is selected from one of trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid or acetic acid ; More preferably, trifluoroacetic acid;
  • step (h) when the halogenating reagent is N-iodosuccinimide, the additive is an inorganic acid, and the inorganic acid is selected from one of hydroiodic acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid;
  • step (h) when the halogenating reagent is simple iodine, the additive is selected from one of silver salts or copper salts;
  • step (h) when the halogenating reagent is simple iodine, the additive is a silver salt, preferably one of silver nitrate and silver carbonate, more preferably silver nitrate;
  • step (h) when the halogenating reagent is simple iodine, the additive is copper salt, preferably, one of cuprous chloride, cuprous bromide and copper sulfate;
  • the reaction solvent is selected from one of N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile and dichloromethane, preferably acetonitrile and dichloromethane A, more preferably,
  • reaction temperature is 0-50°C, preferably 15-30°C,
  • step (h) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VII), the halogenating agent and the additive is 1:(1 ⁇ 1.5):(0.1 ⁇ 1.5);
  • step (h) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VII), N-iodosuccinimide and acid is 1:(1 ⁇ 1.5):(0.1 ⁇ 0.5);
  • step (h) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VII), N-iodosuccinimide and trifluoroacetic acid is 1:(1 ⁇ 1.5):(0.1 ⁇ 0.5);
  • step (h) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VII), iodine element and silver salt is 1:(1 ⁇ 1.5):(1 ⁇ 1.5);
  • step (h) the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VII), iodine element and silver nitrate is 1:(1-1.5):(1-1.5).
  • the seventh aspect of the present invention provides another preparation method of the compound of formula (I), said method comprising the following steps:
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the debenzylation reagent is selected from one of boron trichloride or boron tribromide, preferably, boron trichloride;
  • reaction solvent is dichloromethane
  • reaction temperature is -70 to 30°C; preferably, -50 to -10°C; more preferably, -40 to -20°C;
  • the boron trichloride is a dichloromethane solution of boron trichloride gas or boron trichloride;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (V) to the debenzylation reagent is 1:(3-6), preferably 1:(3-4);
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the catalyst is selected from one or a combination of palladium carbon, platinum carbon or Raney nickel, preferably palladium carbon;
  • the base is selected from ammonia water, imidazole, triazole, triethylamine, diisopropylamine, diisopropylethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, pyridine, 2-picoline, 2,6- One of lutidine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, N,N-dimethylaniline, tetrahydropyrrole, morpholine, piperidine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, or Composition; preferably, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine;
  • reaction pressure is 0.1-3.0Mpa, preferably, 1.0-2.0Mpa;
  • reaction temperature is 25-100°C, preferably 55-75°C;
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (IV) to the volume part of the solvent is 1g:(1-30)mL; preferably, it is 1g:(3-10)mL;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the base is 1:(1 ⁇ 3); preferably, it is 1:(1.5 ⁇ 2.5);
  • the weight ratio of the compound of formula (IV) to the catalyst is 1:(0.01 ⁇ 0.5); preferably, it is 1:(0.02 ⁇ 0.2); More preferably, it is 1:(0.05 ⁇ 0.15);
  • the acylating agent is selected from isobutyryl chloride or isobutyric anhydride, preferably, isobutyric anhydride;
  • the base is selected from pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2,4,6-collidine, 2,6-collidine, 3-collidine, triethylamine, N,N -Diisopropylethylamine, N.N-Dimethylaniline, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate One or a combination thereof, preferably, 4-dimethylaminopyridine;
  • reaction solvent is selected from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, isoacetic acid
  • propyl esters preferably, N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (III) to the volume part of the reaction solvent is 1g: (1-20) mL, preferably, 1 g: (2-10) mL; more preferably, 1 g: (3 ⁇ 5) mL;
  • reaction temperature is -20 to 80°C, preferably -10 to 40°C, more preferably -5 to 10°C;
  • the molar ratio of the acylating agent is 1:(2.5-5.0), preferably 1:(2.9-4.0), more preferably 1:(3.0-3.5);
  • the molar ratio of base is 1:(0.02-5.0), preferably 1:(0.02-1.0), more preferably 1:(0.05-0.2);
  • the hydrogen bromide is selected from hydrobromic acid or hydrobromic acetic acid solution
  • the solvent is selected from aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene; or esters, such as isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate; or ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran , methyl tert-butyl ether, anisole; or other solvents, such as acetonitrile, methylene chloride, etc.; or a combination of the above solvents; preferably isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, methyl Base tert-butyl ether; more preferably acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, etc.;
  • reaction temperature is -20-60°C, preferably -10-30°C; more preferably, 0-20°C.
  • the eighth aspect of the present invention provides another preparation method of the compound of formula (I), said method comprising the following steps:
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the debenzylation reagent is selected from one of boron trichloride or boron tribromide, preferably, boron trichloride;
  • reaction solvent is dichloromethane
  • reaction temperature is -70 to 30°C; preferably, -50 to -10°C; more preferably, -40 to -20°C;
  • the boron trichloride is a dichloromethane solution of boron trichloride gas or boron trichloride;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (V) to the debenzylation reagent is 1:(3-6), preferably 1:(3-4);
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the acylating agent is selected from isobutyryl chloride or isobutyric anhydride, preferably, isobutyric anhydride;
  • the base is selected from pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2,4,6-collidine, 2,6-collidine, 3-collidine, triethylamine, N,N - Diisopropylethylamine, NN-Dimethylaniline, Sodium bicarbonate, Sodium carbonate, Potassium bicarbonate, Potassium carbonate, Sodium acetate, Potassium acetate, Sodium phosphate, Disodium hydrogen phosphate, Potassium phosphate, Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate One or a combination of them, preferably Ground, is 4-dimethylaminopyridine;
  • reaction solvent is selected from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, isoacetic acid
  • propyl esters preferably, N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (IV) to the volume part of the reaction solvent is 1g: (1-20) mL, preferably, 1 g: (2-10) mL; more preferably, 1 g: (3 ⁇ 5) mL;
  • reaction temperature is -20 to 80°C, preferably -10 to 40°C, more preferably -5 to 10°C;
  • the molar ratio of the acylating agent is 1:(2.5-5.0), preferably 1:(2.9-4.0), more preferably 1:(3.0-3.5);
  • the molar ratio of the base is 1:(0.02-5.0), preferably 1:(0.02-1.0), more preferably 1:(0.05-0.2);
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the catalyst is selected from one or a combination of palladium carbon, platinum carbon or Raney nickel, preferably palladium carbon;
  • triethylamine diisopropylethylamine
  • reaction pressure is 0.1-3.0Mpa, preferably, 1.0-2.0Mpa;
  • reaction temperature is 25-100°C, preferably 55-75°C;
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (VI) to the volume part of the solvent is 1g:(1-30)mL; preferably, it is 1g:(3-10)mL;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VI) to the base is 1:(1-3); preferably, it is 1:(1.5-2.5);
  • the weight ratio of the compound of formula (VI) to the catalyst is 1:(0.01-0.5); preferably, 1:(0.02-0.2); more preferably, 1:(0.05-0.15);
  • the hydrogen bromide is selected from hydrobromic acid or hydrobromic acetic acid solution
  • the solvent is selected from aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene; or esters, such as isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate; or ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran , methyl tert-butyl ether, anisole; or other solvents, such as acetonitrile, methylene chloride, etc.; or a combination of the above solvents; preferably isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, methyl Base tert-butyl ether; more preferably acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, etc.;
  • reaction temperature is -20-60°C, preferably -10-30°C; more preferably, 0-20°C;
  • steps (a), (f), (e) and (d) are as defined in the first aspect, the fifth aspect, the third aspect or the second aspect.
  • the ninth aspect of the present invention provides another preparation method of the compound of formula (I), said method comprising the following steps:
  • the acylating agent is selected from isobutyryl chloride or isobutyric anhydride, preferably, isobutyric anhydride;
  • the base is selected from pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2,4,6-collidine, 2,6-collidine, 3-collidine, triethylamine, N,N - Diisopropylethylamine, NN-Dimethylaniline, Sodium bicarbonate, Sodium carbonate, Potassium bicarbonate, Potassium carbonate, Sodium acetate, Potassium acetate, Sodium phosphate, Disodium hydrogen phosphate, Potassium phosphate, Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate One or a combination thereof, preferably, 4-dimethylaminopyridine;
  • reaction solvent is selected from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, isoacetic acid
  • propyl esters preferably, N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (VIII) to the volume part of the reaction solvent is 1g: (1-20) mL, preferably, 1 g: (2-10) mL; more preferably, 1 g: (3 ⁇ 5) mL;
  • reaction temperature is -20 to 80°C, preferably -10 to 40°C, more preferably -5 to 10°C;
  • the molar ratio of the acylating agent is 1:(2.5-5.0), preferably 1:(2.9-4.0), more preferably 1:(3.0-3.5);
  • the molar ratio of the base is 1:(0.02-5.0), preferably 1:(0.02-1.0), more preferably 1:(0.05-0.2);
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the halogenating reagent is selected from N-iodosuccinimide, iodine element, iodine chloride, liquid bromine, N-bromosuccinimide, dibromohydantoin, N-chlorobutane One of imide, dichlorohydantoin or chlorine; preferably, when X is I or Br, the halogenating reagent is selected from N-iodosuccinimide, simple iodine, iodine chloride, liquid One of bromine, N-bromosuccinimide and dibromohydantoin; more preferably, when X is 1, the reagent is selected from one of N-iodosuccinimide and iodine simple substance kind.
  • reaction can be reacted with or without an additive
  • the additive is selected from one or a combination thereof selected from trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, acetic acid, hydroiodic acid, copper sulfate, cupric chloride or silver nitrate; preferably, trifluoroacetic acid acetic acid;
  • the additive when X is Br, is selected from one or a combination thereof selected from trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, acetic acid or hydrobromic acid; preferably, it is hydrobromic acid;
  • the additive is selected from one or a combination thereof selected from trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid; preferably, it is hydrochloric acid;
  • the reaction solvent is selected from the solvent selected from aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene; or esters, such as acetic acid Isopropyl ester, n-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate; or ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, anisole; or other solvents, such as acetonitrile, dichloromethane, NN- Dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N-methylpyrrolidone, etc.; or a combination of the above solvents; preferably methanol, acetonitrile, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide Amide; more preferably methanol, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, etc.;
  • X is selected from one of Cl, Br and I, preferably, X is I;
  • the catalyst is selected from one or a combination of palladium carbon, platinum carbon or Raney nickel, preferably palladium carbon;
  • triethylamine diisopropylethylamine
  • reaction pressure is 0.1-3.0Mpa, preferably, 1.0-2.0Mpa;
  • reaction temperature is 25-100°C, preferably 55-75°C;
  • the ratio of the weight part of the compound of formula (VI) to the volume part of the solvent is 1g:(1-30)mL; preferably, it is 1g:(3-10)mL;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula (VI) to the base is 1:(1 ⁇ 3); preferably, it is 1:(1.5 ⁇ 2.5)
  • the weight ratio of the compound of formula (VI) to the catalyst is 1:(0.01-0.5); preferably, 1:(0.02-0.2); more preferably, 1:(0.05-0.15);
  • the hydrogen bromide is selected from hydrobromic acid or hydrobromic acetic acid solution
  • the solvent is selected from aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene; or esters, such as isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate; or ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran , methyl tert-butyl ether, anisole; or other solvents, such as acetonitrile, methylene chloride, etc.; or a combination of the above solvents; preferably isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, methyl Base tert-butyl ether; more preferably acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, etc.;
  • reaction temperature is -20-60°C, preferably -10-30°C; more preferably, 0-20°C;
  • steps (g), (h), (e) and (d) are as defined in the sixth aspect, the third aspect or the second aspect.

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Abstract

本发明涉及制药技术领域,具体涉及核苷类似物VV116(式(I)化合物)的制备方法。本发明提供的制备方法具体为:式(V)化合物发生脱苄反应得到式(IV)化合物;式(IV)化合物发生氘代脱卤反应得到式(III)化合物;式(III)化合物酯化得到式(II)化合物;式(II)化合物成盐得到式(I)化合物;其中,式(II)化合物也可以由式(VI)化合物氘代脱卤得到,式(VI)化合物可以通过式(IV)化合物酯化得到,或者由式(VII)化合物卤代得到,式(VII)化合物由式(VIII)化合物酯化得到。本发明中制备方法的反应条件温和,过程易控,操作简单,适合工业化大规模生产。

Description

一种核苷类似物VV116的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及制药技术领域,具体涉及核苷类似物VV116的制备方法。
背景技术
新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)对全球公共卫生安全造成了巨大威胁,亟需安全有效的预防和治疗方法。VV116是一种新型可口服抗新冠病毒核苷类化合物,同时,VV116对其他病毒(如呼吸道合胞病毒、登革热病毒、丙肝病毒、寨卡病毒等)也具有抑制活性。因此,研究VV116的合成方法对防治病毒感染性疾病具有重要意义。
现有文献(Cell Research(2021)31:1212–1214)报道了VV116的制备方法,其合成路线图如下:
但是该方法存在一些不足,如在化合物7的合成过程中使用了保护基策略,增加了保护和脱保护的反应步骤,化合物7需要通过柱层析才能获得纯品,不利于VV116的大规模商业化生产。因此,开发步骤简便,经济环保,绿色可持续的VV116合成新方法具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明提供一种抗病毒核苷类似物VV116的制备方法,该方法步骤短,收率高,过程易控,操作简单,适合工业化大规模生产。
本发明的一方面提供了一种式(Ⅰ)化合物的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
c)式(III)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应得到式(II)化合物:
其中,所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
其中,所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N,N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
其中,反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
其中,所述式(III)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
其中,反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
其中,所述式(III)化合物与酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
其中,所述式(III)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2);
d)式(II)化合物与溴化氢在溶剂中成盐得到式(I)化合物:
其中,所述溴化氢选自氢溴酸或溴化氢醋酸溶液;
其中,所述式(Ⅱ)化合物与溴化氢的摩尔比为1:(1~1.2);
其中所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选醋酸异丙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚;更优选为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚等;
其中所述反应温度为-20~60℃,优选地,为-10~30℃;更优选地,为0~20℃;
在另一优选例中,步骤(c)中,酰化试剂为异丁酸酐;
在另一优选例中,步骤(c)中,碱为4-二甲氨基吡啶;
在另一优选例中,步骤(c)中,反应溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
在另一优选例中,步骤(c)中,反应溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;
在另一优选例中,步骤(c)中,式(III)化合物重量份与所述溶剂的体积比为1g:(3~5)mL;
在另一优选例中,步骤(c)中,反应温度为-5~5℃,
在另一优选例中,步骤(c)中,所述式(III)化合物、异丁酸酐、碱的摩尔比为1:(3.0~3.5):(0.01~0.20),较佳地为1:(3.00~3.20):(0.05~0.15);
步骤(c)中,反应结束后,加入甲基叔丁基醚和水,萃取,浓缩有机相,加入正庚烷搅拌,可以得到式(II)化合物固体。
在另一优选例中,步骤(d)中,试剂D为氢溴酸,优选地,为48%溴化氢水溶液;反应溶剂为乙腈,反应温度为5~25℃。
在另一优选例中,步骤(d)中,式(Ⅱ)化合物与氢溴酸的摩尔比为1:(1~1.2)。
在另一优选例中,步骤(d)中,待反应结束,打浆纯化,所用溶剂选自四氢呋喃、乙腈、甲基叔丁基醚、丙酮、乙酸乙酯和异丙醇或其组合,优选地,为乙腈、甲基叔丁基醚。
在另一优选例中,步骤(d)中,式(Ⅱ)化合物重量份与甲基叔丁基醚体积份的比为1g:(1~10)mL。
本发明的第二方面提供了一种式(III)化合物的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a)式(V)化合物脱苄基得到式(IV)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,脱苄基试剂选自三氯化硼或三溴化硼中的一种,优选地,为三氯化硼,更优选地为,三氯化硼气体或三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液;;
其中,反应溶剂为二氯甲烷;
其中,反应温度为-70~30℃;优选地,为-50~-10℃;更优选地,为-40~-20℃;
其中,所述式(V)化合物与脱苄基试剂的摩尔比为1:(3~6),优选地,为1:(3~4);
b)式(IV)化合物与氘气在催化剂和碱作用下反应,得到式(III)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述催化剂选自钯碳、铂碳或雷尼镍的一种或其组合,优选地,为钯碳;
其中,所述碱选自氨水、咪唑、三氮唑、三乙胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三正丁胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基苯胺、四氢吡咯、吗啉、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三乙胺或二异丙基乙基胺;
其中,反应压力为0.1~3.0Mpa,优选地,为1.0~2.0Mpa;
其中,反应温度为25~100℃,优选地,为55~75℃;
其中,式(IV)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~30)mL;优选地,为1g:(3~10)mL;
其中,式(IV)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);优选地,为1:(1.5~2.5);
其中,式(IV)化合物与催化剂的重量比为1:(0.01~0.5);优选地,为1:(0.02~0.2);更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.15);
在另一优选例中,步骤(a)中,脱苄基试剂为三氯化硼,优选地,为三氯化硼气体或1.0M的三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液;
在另一优选例中,步骤(a)中,反应温度为-60~-10℃,优选地,为-45~-15℃,更优选地为-35~-25℃;
在另一优选例中,步骤(a)中,式(V)化合物与三氯化硼的摩尔比为1:(3~6),优选地,式(IV)化合物与三氯化硼的摩尔比为1:4;
在另一优选例中,步骤(a)中,反应结束后,滴加甲醇将反应淬灭,升温至-20~10℃, 滴加正庚烷有固体析出,过滤,将滤饼悬浮于水中,然后用碳酸钠溶液将调至pH=8~9,过滤得到粗品,用乙腈加热打浆,得到式(IV)化合物纯品。
在另一优选例中,步骤(b)中,催化剂为钯催化剂,优选地,为钯碳,更优选地,为5%或10%钯碳;
在另一优选例中,步骤(b)中,催化剂为钯碳,钯碳的干基含量为5~10%,以钯碳干基质质量计算,式(IV)化合物与钯碳的质量比为1:(0.01~0.2)
在另一优选例中,步骤(b)中,式(IV)化合物与有机碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);
在另一优选例中,步骤(b)中,反应压力为1.2~1.7Mpa;
在另一优选例中,步骤(b)中,可通过氦气辅以加压使反应压力为1.0Mpa;
在另一优选例中,步骤(b)中,反应温度为25~65℃,优选为55~65℃;
在另一优选例中,步骤(b)中,式(IV)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~10)mL;
在另一优选例中,步骤(b)中,反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、甲醇中的一种或其组合。
本发明的第三方面提供了一种式(II)化合物的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
e)式(VI)化合物在催化剂和碱作用下反应得到式(II)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述催化剂选自钯碳、铂碳或雷尼镍的一种或其组合,优选地,为钯碳;
其中,所述碱选自氨水、咪唑、三氮唑、三乙胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三正丁胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基苯胺、四氢吡咯、吗啉、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三乙胺、二异丙基乙基胺;
其中,反应压力为0.1~3.0Mpa,优选地,为1.0~2.0Mpa;
其中,反应温度为25~100℃,优选地,为55~75℃;
其中,式(IV)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~30)mL;优选地,为1g:(3~10)mL;
其中,式(IV)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);优选地,为1:(1.5~2.5);
其中,式(IV)化合物与催化剂的重量比为1:(0.01~0.5);优选地,为1:(0.02~0.2);更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.15);
在另一优选例中,步骤(e)中,试剂B为钯催化剂,优选地为钯碳,更优选地为5%或10%钯碳;
在另一优选例中,步骤(e)中,试剂B为钯碳,钯碳的干基含量为5~10%,以钯碳干基质量计算,式(IV)化合物与钯碳的质量比为1:(0.01~0.2),优选地为
在另一优选例中,步骤(e)中,式(VI)化合物与有机碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);
在另一优选例中,步骤(e)中,反应压力为1.0Mpa;
在另一优选例中,步骤(e)中,通过氦气辅以加压使反应压力为1.0Mpa;
在另一优选例中,步骤(e)中,反应温度为25~65℃,优选为55~65℃;
在另一优选例中,步骤(e)中,式(VI)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~10)mL。
本发明的第四方面提供了一种式(VI)化合物,或其盐,或其溶剂合物;
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I。
本发明的第五方面提供了一种式(VI)化合物的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
f)式(IV)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应,得到式(VI)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
其中,所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N,N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
其中,反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
其中,所述式(IV)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
其中,反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
其中,所述式(IV)化合物与酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
其中,所述式(IV)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2);
在另一优选例中,步骤(f)中,酰化试剂为异丁酸酐;
在另一优选例中,步骤(f)中,所述碱为4-二甲氨基吡啶;
在另一优选例中,步骤(f)中,反应溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
在另一优选例中,步骤(f)中,反应溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;
在另一优选例中,步骤(f)中,式(IV)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂的体积比为1g:(5~8)mL;
在另一优选例中,步骤(f)中,反应温度为-5~5℃;
在另一优选例中,步骤(f)中,所述式(IV)化合物、酰化试剂、碱的摩尔比为1:(3.0~3.5):(0.01~0.20),较佳地为1:(3.00~3.20):(0.05~0.15);
在另一优选例中,步骤(f)中,酰化试剂为异丁酸酐,碱为4-二甲氨基吡啶,反应溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮,反应温度为-5~5℃。
本发明的第六方面提供了式(VI)化合物的另一种制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
g)式(VIII)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应,得到式(VII)化合物:
其中,所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
其中,所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N,N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
其中,反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
其中,所述式(VIII)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
其中,反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
其中,所述式(VIII)化合物,酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
其中,所述式(VIII)化合物,碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2);
h)式(VII)化合物与卤代试剂反应,得到式(VI)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述卤代试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺、碘单质、氯化碘、液溴、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、二溴海因、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺、二氯海因或氯气中的一种;优选地,X为I或Br时,所述卤代试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺、碘单质、氯化碘、液溴、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺和二溴海因中的一种;更优选地,X为I时,所述试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺和碘单质中的一种。
其中,该反应可以在有或无添加剂下反应;
其中,X为I时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸、氢碘酸、硫酸铜、氯化铜或硝酸银中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三氟乙酸;
其中,X为Br时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸或氢溴酸中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为氢溴酸;
其中,X为Cl时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸或盐酸中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为盐酸;
其中,反应溶剂选自所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选为甲醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;更优选甲醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷等;
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)中,酰化试剂为异丁酸酐;
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)中,碱为4-二甲氨基吡啶;
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)中,反应溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)中,反应溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)中,式(VIII)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂的体积比为1g:(5~8)mL;
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)中,反应温度为-5~5℃,
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)中,所述式(VIII)化合物、所述酰化试剂、碱的摩尔比为1:(3.0~3.5):(0.01~0.20),较佳地为1:(3.00~3.20):(0.05~0.15);
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)中,酰化试剂为异丁酸酐,碱为4-二甲氨基吡啶,反应溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮,反应温度为-5~5℃;
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,卤代试剂为N-氯代丁二酰亚胺、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺或N-碘代丁二酰亚胺时,添加剂选自有机酸或无机酸中的一种;
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,卤代试剂为N-碘代丁二酰亚胺时,添加剂选自有机酸或无机酸中的一种;
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,卤代试剂为N-碘代丁二酰亚胺时,添加剂为有机酸,有机酸选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸或醋酸中的一种;更优选地,为三氟乙酸;
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,卤代试剂为N-碘代丁二酰亚胺时,添加剂为无机酸,无机酸选自氢碘酸、盐酸和硫酸中的一种;
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,卤代试剂为碘单质时,添加剂选自银盐或铜盐中的一种;
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,卤代试剂为碘单质时,添加剂为银盐,优选地,为硝酸银和碳酸银中的一种,更优选地,为硝酸银;
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,卤代试剂为碘单质时,添加剂为铜盐,优选地,为氯化亚铜、溴化亚铜和硫酸铜中的一种;
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、乙腈和二氯甲烷中的一种,优选地,为乙腈和二氯甲烷中的一种,更优选地,
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,反应温度为0~50℃,优选为15~30℃,
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,式(VII)化合物、卤代试剂和添加剂的摩尔比为1:(1~1.5):(0.1~1.5);
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,式(VII)化合物、N-碘代丁二酰亚胺和酸的摩尔比为1:(1~1.5):(0.1~0.5);
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,式(VII)化合物、N-碘代丁二酰亚胺和三氟乙酸的摩尔比为1:(1~1.5):(0.1~0.5);
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,式(VII)化合物、碘单质和银盐的摩尔比为1:(1~1.5):(1~1.5);
在另一优选例中,步骤(h)中,式(VII)化合物、碘单质和硝酸银的摩尔比为1:(1~1.5):(1~1.5)。
本发明的第七方面提供了式(I)化合物的另一种制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a)式(V)化合物脱苄基得到式(IV)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,脱苄基试剂选自三氯化硼或三溴化硼中的一种,优选地,为三氯化硼;
其中,反应溶剂为二氯甲烷;
其中,反应温度为-70~30℃;优选地,为-50~-10℃;更优选地,为-40~-20℃;
其中,所述三氯化硼的为三氯化硼气体或三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液;
其中,所述式(V)化合物与脱苄基试剂的摩尔比为1:(3~6),优选地,为1:(3~4);
b)式(IV)化合物与氘气在催化剂和碱作用下反应,得到式(III)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述催化剂选自钯碳、铂碳或雷雷尼镍的一种或其组合,优选地,为钯碳;
其中,所述碱选自氨水、咪唑、三氮唑、三乙胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三正丁胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基苯胺、四氢吡咯、吗啉、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三乙胺、二异丙基乙基胺;
其中,反应压力为0.1~3.0Mpa,优选地,为1.0~2.0Mpa;
其中,反应温度为25~100℃,优选地,为55~75℃;
其中,式(IV)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~30)mL;优选地,为1g:(3~10)mL;
其中,式(IV)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);优选地,为1:(1.5~2.5);
其中,式(IV)化合物与催化剂的重量比为1:(0.01~0.5);优选地,为1:(0.02~0.2); 更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.15);
c)式(III)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应得到式(II)化合物:
其中,所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
其中,所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N.N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
其中,反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
其中,所述式(III)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
其中,反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
其中,所述式(III)化合物,酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
其中,所述式(III)化合物,碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2);
d)式(II)化合物与溴化氢在溶剂中成盐得到式(I)化合物:
其中,所述溴化氢选自氢溴酸或溴化氢醋酸溶液;
其中所述式(Ⅱ)化合物与溴化氢的摩尔比为1:(1~1.2);
其中所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选醋酸异丙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚;更优选为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚等;
其中所述反应温度为-20~60℃,优选地,为-10~30℃;更优选地,为0~20℃。
本发明的第八方面提供了式(I)化合物的另一种制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a)式(V)化合物脱苄基得到式(IV)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,脱苄基试剂选自三氯化硼或三溴化硼中的一种,优选地,为三氯化硼;
其中,反应溶剂为二氯甲烷;
其中,反应温度为-70~30℃;优选地,为-50~-10℃;更优选地,为-40~-20℃;
其中,所述三氯化硼的为三氯化硼气体或三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液;
其中,所述式(V)化合物与脱苄基试剂的摩尔比为1:(3~6),优选地,为1:(3~4);
f)式(IV)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应,得到式(VI)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
其中,所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N.N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选 地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
其中,反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
其中,所述式(IV)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
其中,反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
其中,所述式(IV)化合物,酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
其中,所述式(IV)化合物,碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2);
e)式(VI)化合物与氘气在催化剂和碱作用下得到式(II)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述催化剂选自钯碳、铂碳或雷尼镍的一种或其组合,优选地,为钯碳;
其中,所述选自氨水、咪唑、三氮唑、三乙胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三正丁胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基苯胺、四氢吡咯、吗啉、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三乙胺、二异丙基乙基胺;
其中,反应压力为0.1~3.0Mpa,优选地,为1.0~2.0Mpa;
其中,反应温度为25~100℃,优选地,为55~75℃;
其中,式(VI)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~30)mL;优选地,为1g:(3~10)mL;
其中,式(VI)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);优选地,为1:(1.5~2.5);
其中,式(VI)化合物与催化剂的重量比为1:(0.01~0.5);优选地,为1:(0.02~0.2);更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.15);
d)式(II)化合物与溴化氢在溶剂中成盐得到式(I)化合物:
其中,所述溴化氢选自氢溴酸或溴化氢醋酸溶液;
其中所述式(Ⅱ)化合物与溴化氢的摩尔比为1:(1~1.2);
其中所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选醋酸异丙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚;更优选为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚等;
其中所述反应温度为-20~60℃,优选地,为-10~30℃;更优选地,为0~20℃;
在另一优选例中,步骤(a)、(f)、(e)和(d)如第一方面、第五方面、第三方面或第二方面中定义。
本发明的第九方面提供了式(I)化合物的另一种制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
g)式(VIII)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应,得到式(VII)化合物:
其中,所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
其中,所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N.N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
其中,反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
其中,所述式(VIII)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
其中,反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
其中,所述式(VIII)化合物,酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
其中,所述式(VIII)化合物,碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2);
h)式(VII)化合物与卤代试剂反应,得到式(VI)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述卤代试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺、碘单质、氯化碘、液溴、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、二溴海因、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺、二氯海因或氯气中的一种;优选地,X为I或Br时,所述卤代试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺、碘单质、氯化碘、液溴、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺和二溴海因中的一种;更优选地,X为I时,所述试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺和碘单质中的一种。
其中,该反应可以在有或无添加剂下反应;
其中,X为I时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸、氢碘酸、硫酸铜、氯化铜或硝酸银中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三氟乙酸;
其中,X为Br时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸或氢溴酸中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为氢溴酸;
其中,X为Cl时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸或盐酸中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为盐酸;
其中,反应溶剂选自所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸 异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷、N.N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选为甲醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;更优选甲醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷等;
e)式(VI)化合物脱卤氘代得到式(II)化合物:
其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
其中,所述催化剂选自钯碳、铂碳或雷尼镍的一种或其组合,优选地,为钯碳;
其中,所述选自氨水、咪唑、三氮唑、三乙胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三正丁胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基苯胺、四氢吡咯、吗啉、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三乙胺、二异丙基乙基胺;
其中,反应压力为0.1~3.0Mpa,优选地,为1.0~2.0Mpa;
其中,反应温度为25~100℃,优选地,为55~75℃;
其中,式(VI)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~30)mL;优选地,为1g:(3~10)mL;
其中,式(VI)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);优选地,为1:(1.5~2.5)
其中,式(VI)化合物与催化剂的重量比为1:(0.01~0.5);优选地,为1:(0.02~0.2);更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.15);
d)式(II)化合物与溴化氢在溶剂中成盐得到式(I)化合物:
其中,所述溴化氢选自氢溴酸或溴化氢醋酸溶液;
其中所述式(Ⅱ)化合物与溴化氢的摩尔比为1:(1~1.2);
其中所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选醋酸异丙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚;更优选为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚等;
其中所述反应温度为-20~60℃,优选地,为-10~30℃;更优选地,为0~20℃;
在另一优选例中,步骤(g)、(h)、(e)和(d)如第六方面、第三方面或第二方面中定义。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描写的具体实施方案仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
实施例1
将化合物V-I(5.96g,10.0mmol)溶于DCM(60mL)中,氮气保护下,降温至-35℃,滴加1.0M三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液(40mL,40.0mmol),滴完后反应4小时。然后滴加甲醇,滴完后继续反应2小时,滴加正庚烷,滴加完维持此温度搅拌1小时后,过滤,将滤饼加入水中,加入碳酸钠调至pH=8-9,继续搅拌1小时后过滤,过滤烘干得化合物IV-I(2.28g,收率70%)。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm 8.25(brs,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.09(brs,1H),6.99(s,1H),6.24(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),5.19(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),4.96–4.88(m,1H),4.57–4.48(m,1H),4.07–4.01(m,1H),3.92(dt,J=14.3,7.0Hz,1H),3.66(ddd,J=12.2,5.3,3.1Hz,1H),3.54–3.44(m,1H).ESI-MS:m/z=326.0[M+H]+
实施例2
将化合物V-II(2.24g,3.5mmol)溶于DCM(25mL)中,氮气保护下,降温至-35℃,滴加1.0M三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液(14mL,14.0mmol),滴完后反应4小时。然后滴加甲醇,继续反应2小时,滴加正庚烷,滴加完维持此温度搅拌1小时后,过滤,将滤饼加入水(10mL)中,用碳酸钠调pH=8-9,继续搅拌1小时后过滤,过滤烘干得化合物IV-II(841mg,收率65%)。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm 8.28(brs,1H),8.00(s,1H),7.08(s,1H),6.96(brs,1H),6.26(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),5.21(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),4.94(t,J=5.7Hz,1H),4.58–4.51(m,1H),4.10–4.03(m,1H),3.95(dd,J=11.1,5.7Hz,1H),3.67(ddd,J=12.1,5.2,3.1Hz,1H),3.52(ddd,J=12.2,5.6,4.4Hz,1H).ESI-MS:m/z=369.9[M+H]+
实施例3
将化合物V-III(3.44g,5.0mmol)溶于DCM(35mL)中,氮气保护下,降温至-35℃,滴加1.0M三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液(20mL,20.0mmol),滴完后反应4小时。然后滴加甲醇,滴完后继续反应2小时,滴加正庚烷,滴加完维持此温度搅拌1小时后,过滤,将滤饼加入水中(15mL),用碳酸钠调pH=8-9,继续搅拌1小时后过滤,过滤烘干得化合物IV-III(1.25g,收率60%)。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm 7.98(s,1H),7.12(s,1H),4.52(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),4.06–4.00(m,1H),3.97–3.88(m,1H),3.64(dd,J=12.3,3.0Hz,1H),3.49(dd,J=12.3,4.2Hz,1H)。ESI-MS:m/z=417.9[M+H]+
实施例4
将化合物IV-III(1.20g,2.88mmol)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(20mL)加入50mL高压釜中,然后加入三乙胺(583mg,5.76mmol)和钯碳(湿品80mg,含水55.6%,3%按干基质量计),氮气置换两次后,氘气加压至1.5Mpa,升温至60℃反应5h,然后冷却至室温,将反应液过滤,滤液缓慢计入水中,有固体析出,过滤,滤饼用乙腈回流打浆1小时,过滤烘干得化合物III(420mg,收率50%)。1H NMR(500MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm 7.96(brs,1H),7.92(s,1H),7.88(brs,1H),6.89(d,J=9.4Hz,1H),6.12(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),5.22(d,J=4.9Hz,1H), 4.94(t,J=4.9Hz,1H),4.65(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),4.06(dd,J=8.4,4.4Hz,1H),3.96(dd,J=9.8,4.9Hz,1H),3.65(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.51(dd,J=11.6,5.1Hz,1H)。
实施例5
将化合物IV-II(1.0g,2.71mmol)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(20mL)加入50mL高压釜中,然后加入三乙胺(548mg,5.42mmol)和钯碳(湿品80mg,含水55.6%,3%按干基质量计),氮气置换两次后,氘气加压至1.5Mpa,升温至60℃反应5h,然后冷却至室温,将反应液过滤,滤液缓慢计入水中,有固体析出,过滤,滤饼用乙腈回流打浆1小时,过滤烘干得化合物III(350mg,收率44%)。
实施例6
将化合物III(10.0g,34.2mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(417mg,3.42mmol)加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮(60mL)中,降温至0℃,滴加异丁酸酐(16.7g,106.02mmol),反应4小时后,将反应液倒入冰水(250mL)和甲基叔丁基醚(100mL)的混合溶液中,然后依次用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(50mL)、5%氢溴酸溶液(50mL)和水(50mL)洗涤,浓缩有机相,然后加入正庚烷,有固体析出,加热打浆2小时,冷却过滤得化合物II(15.5g,收率90%)。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm 8.00(brs,2H),7.92(s,1H),6.75(s,1H),6.07(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),5.43(dd,J=5.7,3.7Hz,1H),4.62(q,J=3.7Hz,1H),4.30(qd,J=12.4,3.7Hz,2H),2.68–2.55(m,2H),2.49–2.43(m,1H),1.15(dd,J=9.7,7.0Hz,6H),1.10(d,J=7.0Hz,6H),1.03(dd,J=12.6,7.0Hz,6H)。
实施例7
将化合物II(50.0g,99.6mmol)溶于乙腈(500mL)中,降温至0℃,缓慢滴加48%氢溴酸溶液(16.8g,99.6mmol),加完后升温至25℃,继续搅拌1小时,然后减压浓缩,加入甲基叔丁基醚(500mL),加热回流打浆2小时,冷却至25℃,过滤得化合物I(白色固体46.5g,收率80%)。
实施例8
将化合物IV-I(1.0g,3.07mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(38mg,0.31mmol)加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮(10mL)中,降温至0℃,滴加异丁酸酐(1.5g,9.52mmol),反应4小时后,将反应液倒入冰水(10mL)和甲基叔丁基醚(10mL)的混合溶液中,然后依次用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和水洗,静置分层,将有机相浓缩,柱层析得化合物VI-I(1.3g,收率85%)。
实施例9
将化合物IV-II(1.8g,4.86mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(60mg,0.49mmol)加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮(10mL)中,降温至0℃,滴加异丁酸酐(2.4g,15.07mmol),反应4小时后,将反应液倒入冰水(10mL)和甲基叔丁基醚(10mL)的混合溶液中,然后依次用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和水洗,静置分层,将有机相浓缩,柱层析得化合物VI-II(2.3g,收率80%)。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm 8.38(brs,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.00(brs,1H),6.92(s,1H),5.95(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),5.42(dd,J=5.5,4.1Hz,1H),4.66(q,J=3.7Hz,1H),4.35(dd,J=12.4, 3.1Hz,1H),4.27(dd,J=12.5,3.9Hz,1H),2.70–2.56(m,2H),2.50–2.42(m,1H),1.20–1.11(m,12H),1.03(dd,J=12.1,7.0Hz,6H).ESI-MS:m/z=580.1[M+H]+
实施例10
将化合物IV-II(5.0g,12.0mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(146mg,1.2mmol)加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮(30mL)中,降温至0℃,滴加异丁酸酐(5.9g,37.2mmol),反应4小时后,将反应液倒入冰水(50mL)和甲基叔丁基醚(50mL)的混合溶液中,然后依次用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和水洗,静置分层,将有机相浓缩,柱层析得化合物VI-III(6.2g,收率83%)。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm 7.98(s,1H),6.98(s,1H),5.95(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),5.42(dd,J=5.4,4.2Hz,1H),4.66(q,J=3.6Hz,1H),4.35(dd,J=12.5,3.1Hz,1H),4.27(dd,J=12.5,3.8Hz,1H),2.70–2.57(m,2H),2.51–2.42(m,1H),1.19–1.12(m,12H),1.04(dd,J=11.3,7.0Hz,6H)。ESI-MS:m/z=628.1[M+H]+
实施例11
将化合物VI-I(1.0g,1.87mmol)和四氢呋喃(10mL)加入25mL高压釜中,然后加入三乙胺(378mg,3.74mmol)和钯碳(湿品80mg(含水55.6%),3%按干基质量计),氮气置换两次后,氘气加压至1.5Mpa,升温至60℃反应5h,然后冷却至室温,将反应液过滤,滤液浓缩后,硅胶柱纯化得化合物II(375mg,收率40%)。
实施例12
将化合物VI-II(10.0g,17.24mmol)和四氢呋喃(70mL)加入150mL高压釜中,然后加入三乙胺(3.5g,34.48mmol)和钯碳(湿品667mg,含水55.6%,3%按干基质量计), 氮气置换两次后,氘气加压至1.5Mpa,升温至60℃反应5h,然后冷却至室温,将反应液过滤,滤液浓缩,所得粗产品溶于甲叔醚(20mL)中,然后加入正庚烷(80mL)中,搅拌3小时后过滤得化合物II(7.7g,收率89%)。
实施例13
将化合物VI-III(50.0g,79.74mmol)和四氢呋喃(350mL)加入1L高压釜中,然后加入三乙胺(16.1g,159.48mmol)和钯碳(湿品3.3g,含水55.6%,3%按干基质量计),氮气置换两次后,氘气加压至1.5Mpa,升温至60℃反应5h,然后冷却至室温,将反应液过滤,滤液浓缩,所得粗产品溶于甲叔醚(100mL)中,然后加入正庚烷(400mL)中,搅拌3小时后过滤得化合物II(36.0g,收率90%)。
实施例14
将化合物VIII(200.0g,687.30mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(8.4g,68.73mmol)加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮(1200mL)中,降温至0℃,滴加异丁酸酐(336.6g,2130.63mmol),反应4小时后,将反应液倒入冰水(4L)和甲基叔丁基醚(2L)的混合溶液中,然后依次用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和水洗,浓缩有机相,然后加入正庚烷(1600mL)中,有固体析出,加热打浆2小时,冷却过滤得化合物II(309.9g,收率90%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO)δppm8.06(brs,1H),7.99(brs,1H),7.94(s,1H),6.95(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),6.77(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),6.09(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),5.45(dd,J=5.7,3.7Hz,1H),4.64(q,J=3.6Hz,1H),4.32(qd,J=12.4,3.7Hz,2H),2.63(ddq,J=21.0,14.0,7.0Hz,2H),2.52–2.45(m,1H),1.17(dd,J=13.0,7.0Hz,6H),1.13–1.09(m,6H),1.04(dd,J=16.2,7.0Hz,6H)。
实施例15
将化合物VII(8.0g,15.94mmol)溶于乙腈(80mL)中,控温25℃,依次加入三氟乙酸(50mg,0.44mmol)和N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(3.4g,19.12mmol),反应5小时后,将反应液浓缩,然后加入甲基叔丁基醚(50mL)和水(50mL)搅拌分层,有机相依次2%的亚硫酸钠水溶液(20mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(20mL)和水(20mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩至10mL,然后加入正庚烷(50mL),搅拌1小时,过滤,得化合物VI-II(6.5g,收率70%)。
实施例16
将化合物VII(8.0g,15.94mmol)溶于乙腈(80mL)中,控温25℃,依次加入三氟乙酸(50mg,0.44mmol)和N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(4.3g,19.12mmol),反应5小时后,将反应液浓缩,然后加入甲基叔丁基醚(50mL)和水(50mL)搅拌分层,有机相依次2%的亚硫酸钠水溶液(20mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(20mL)和水(20mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩至10mL,然后加入正庚烷(50mL),搅拌1小时,过滤,得化合物VI-III(5.6g,收率56%)。
实施例17
将化合物VII(8.0g,15.94mmol)溶于乙腈(80mL)中,控温25℃,依次加入三氟乙酸(50mg,0.44mmol)和N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(2.5g,19.12mmol),反应5小时后,将反应液浓缩,然后加入甲基叔丁基醚(50mL)和水(50mL)搅拌分层,有机相依次2%的亚硫酸钠 水溶液(20mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(20mL)和水(20mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩至10mL,然后加入正庚烷(50mL),搅拌1小时,过滤,得化合物VI-I(5.5g,收率65%)。
应当理解,以上实施例均为示例性的,不用于包含权利要求所包含的所有可能的实施方式。在不脱离本公开的范围的情况下,还可以在以上实施例的基础上做出各种变形和改变。同样的,也可以对以上实施例的各个技术特征进行任意组合,以形成可能没有被明确描述的本发明的另外的实施例。因此,上述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,不对本发明专利的保护范围进行限制。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种式(Ⅰ)化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括步骤:
    c)式(III)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应得到式(II)化合物:
    d)式(II)化合物与溴化氢在溶剂中成盐得到式(I)化合物:
    其中,步骤c)中所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
    优选地,步骤c)中所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N,N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
    优选地,步骤c)中反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
    优选地,步骤c)中所述式(III)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
    优选地,步骤c)中反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
    优选地,步骤c)中所述式(III)化合物与酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
    优选地,步骤c)中所述式(III)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2);
    优选地,步骤d)中所述溴化氢选自氢溴酸或溴化氢醋酸溶液;
    优选地,步骤d)中所述式(Ⅱ)化合物与溴化氢的摩尔比为1:(1~1.2);
    优选地,步骤d)中所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选地,为醋酸异丙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚;更优选地,为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚等;
    优选地,步骤d)中所述反应温度为-20~60℃,优选地,为-10~30℃;更优选地,为0~20℃。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
    b)式(IV)化合物与氘气在催化剂和碱作用下反应,得到式(III)化合物:
    其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
    优选地,步骤b)中所述催化剂选自钯碳、铂碳或雷尼镍的一种或其组合,优选地,为钯碳;
    优选地,步骤b)中所述碱选自氨水、咪唑、三氮唑、三乙胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三正丁胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基苯胺、四氢吡咯、吗啉、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三乙胺或二异丙基乙基胺;
    优选地,步骤b)中反应压力为0.1~3.0Mpa,优选地,为1.0~2.0Mpa;
    优选地,步骤b)中反应温度为25~100℃,优选地,为55~75℃;
    优选地,步骤b)中式(IV)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~30)mL;优选地,为1g:(3~10)mL;
    优选地,步骤b)中式(IV)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);优选地,为1:(1.5~2.5);
    优选地,步骤b)中式(IV)化合物与催化剂的重量比为1:(0.01~0.5);优选地,为1:(0.02~0.2);更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.15)。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
    a)式(V)化合物脱苄基得到式(IV)化合物:
    优选地,步骤a)中脱苄基试剂选自三氯化硼或三溴化硼中的一种,优选地,为三氯化硼,更优选地为三氯化硼气体或三氯化硼的二氯甲烷溶液中的一种;
    优选地,步骤a)中反应溶剂为二氯甲烷;
    优选地,步骤a)中反应温度为-70~30℃;优选地,为-50~-10℃;更优选地,为-40~-20℃;
    优选地,步骤a)中所述式(V)化合物与脱苄基试剂的摩尔比为1:(3~6),优选地,为1:(3~4)。
  4. 一种式(Ⅰ)化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括步骤:
    e)式(VI)化合物、氘气在催化剂和碱作用下反应得到式(II)化合物:
    d)式(II)化合物与溴化氢在溶剂中成盐得到式(I)化合物:
    其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
    优选地,步骤e)中所述催化剂选自钯碳、铂碳或雷尼镍的一种或其组合,优选地,为钯碳;
    优选地,步骤e)中所述选碱自氨水、咪唑、三氮唑、三乙胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三正丁胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基苯胺、 四氢吡咯、吗啉、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三乙胺或二异丙基乙基胺;
    优选地,步骤e)中反应压力为0.1~3.0Mpa,优选地,为1.0~2.0Mpa;
    优选地,步骤e)中反应温度为25~100℃,优选地,为55~75℃;
    优选地,步骤e)中式(VI)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~30)mL;优选地,为1g:(3~10)mL;
    优选地,步骤e)中式(VI)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);优选地,为1:(1.5~2.5);
    优选地,步骤e)中式(VI)化合物与催化剂的重量比为1:(0.01~0.5);优选地,为1:(0.02~0.2);更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.15);
    优选地,步骤d)中所述溴化氢选自氢溴酸或溴化氢醋酸溶液;
    优选地,步骤d)中所述式(Ⅱ)化合物与溴化氢的摩尔比为1:(1~1.2);
    优选地,步骤d)中所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选醋酸异丙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚;更优选为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚等;
    优选地,步骤d)中所述反应温度为-20~60℃,优选地,为-10~30℃;更优选地,为0~20℃。
  5. 一种式(VI)化合物,或其盐,或其溶剂合物,其特征在于:
    其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括步骤:
    f)式(IV)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应,得到式(VI)化合物:
    优选地,步骤f)中所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
    优选地,步骤f)中所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N,N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
    优选地,步骤f)中反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
    优选地,步骤f)中所述式(IV)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
    优选地,步骤f)中反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
    优选地,步骤f)中所述式(IV)化合物与酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
    优选地,步骤f)中所述式(IV)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2);
    或,h)式(VII)化合物与卤代试剂反应,得到式(VI)化合物:
    优选地,步骤h)中所述卤代试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺、碘单质、氯化碘、液溴、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、二溴海因、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺、二氯海因或氯气中的一种;优选地,X为I或 Br时,所述卤代试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺、碘单质、氯化碘、液溴、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺和二溴海因中的一种;更优选地,X为I时,所述试剂选自N-碘代丁二酰亚胺和碘单质中的一种;
    优选地,步骤h)在添加剂存在下反应;
    优选地,步骤h)中X为I时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸、氢碘酸、硫酸铜、氯化铜或硝酸银中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三氟乙酸;
    优选地,步骤h)中X为Br时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸或氢溴酸中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为氢溴酸;
    优选地,步骤h)中X为Cl时,添加剂选自选自三氟乙酸、三氯乙酸、醋酸或盐酸中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为盐酸;
    优选地,步骤h)中反应溶剂选自所述溶剂选自芳香烃类,如甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯;或酯类,如醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、乙酸乙酯;或醚类,如四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,甲基叔丁基醚,苯甲醚;或其它溶剂,如乙腈、二氯甲烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N.N-二甲基乙酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮等;或上述溶剂的组合物;优选为甲醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;更优选甲醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷等。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括步骤:
    g)式(VIII)化合物与酰化试剂在碱作用下反应,得到式(VII)化合物:
    优选地,步骤g)中所述酰化试剂选自异丁酰氯或异丁酸酐,优选地,为异丁酸酐;
    优选地,步骤g)中所述碱选自吡啶,4-二甲基氨基吡啶,2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,2,6-三甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N,N-二甲基苯胺,碳酸氢钠,碳酸钠,碳酸氢钾,碳酸钾,乙酸钠,乙酸钾,磷酸钠,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸钾,磷酸氢二钾中的一种或其组合,优选地,为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;
    优选地,步骤g)中反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,乙腈,四氢呋喃,2-甲基四氢呋喃,二氯甲烷,甲苯,乙酸异丙酯中的一种或其组合;优选地,为N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
    优选地,步骤g)中所述式(VIII)化合物重量份与所述反应溶剂体积份的比为1g:(1~20)mL,优选地,为1g:(2-10)mL;更优选地,为1g:(3~5)mL;
    优选地,步骤g)中反应温度为-20~80℃,优选地,为-10~40℃,更优选地,为-5~10℃;
    优选地,步骤g)中所述式(VIII)化合物与酰化试剂的摩尔比为1:(2.5~5.0),优选地,为1:(2.9~4.0),更优选地,为1:(3.0~3.5);
    优选地,步骤g)中所述式(VIII)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(0.02~5.0),优选地,为1:(0.02~1.0),更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.2)。
  8. 一种式(III)化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
    b)式(IV)化合物与氘气在催化剂和碱作用下反应,得到式(III)化合物:
    其中,X选自Cl、Br和I中的一种,优选地,X为I;
    其中,所述催化剂选自钯碳、铂碳或雷尼镍的一种或其组合,优选地,为钯碳;
    其中,所述碱选自氨水、咪唑、三氮唑、三乙胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三正丁胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基苯胺、四氢吡咯、吗啉、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶中的一种或其组合物;优选地,为三乙胺或二异丙基乙基胺;
    其中,反应压力为0.1~3.0Mpa,优选地,为1.0~2.0Mpa;
    其中,反应温度为25~100℃,优选地,为55~75℃;
    其中,式(IV)化合物重量份与溶剂的体积份的比为1g:(1~30)mL;优选地,为1g:(3~10)mL;
    其中,式(IV)化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:(1~3);优选地,为1:(1.5~2.5);
    其中,式(IV)化合物与催化剂的重量比为1:(0.01~0.5);优选地,为1:(0.02~0.2);更优选地,为1:(0.05~0.15)。
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