WO2023109770A1 - 集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构、车门和车辆 - Google Patents

集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构、车门和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023109770A1
WO2023109770A1 PCT/CN2022/138435 CN2022138435W WO2023109770A1 WO 2023109770 A1 WO2023109770 A1 WO 2023109770A1 CN 2022138435 W CN2022138435 W CN 2022138435W WO 2023109770 A1 WO2023109770 A1 WO 2023109770A1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle door
top wall
protection structure
cavity
kennel
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PCT/CN2022/138435
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江之旦
葛祖峰
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蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
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Publication of WO2023109770A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023109770A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • B60J5/042—Reinforcement elements
    • B60J5/0456—Behaviour during impact
    • B60J5/0458—Passive coupling of the reinforcement elements to the door or to the vehicle body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • B60J5/042—Reinforcement elements
    • B60J5/0456—Behaviour during impact
    • B60J5/0461—Behaviour during impact characterised by a pre-defined mode of deformation or displacement in order to absorb impact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a collision protection structure integrated on a vehicle door, a vehicle door and a vehicle.
  • a car usually refers to a non-track-bearing vehicle driven by power (such as fuel, hybrid, pure electric, etc.) and has 4 or more wheels. Its main functions include walking, manning and transportation. Automobiles bring convenience, comfort and safety to people's travel, and at the same time promote the development of industries, accelerate economic improvement, and change people's lifestyles.
  • power such as fuel, hybrid, pure electric, etc.
  • the safety performance of the car is the performance of the car to avoid accidents and ensure the safety of pedestrians and occupants during driving. Good safety performance of automobiles can often avoid accidents or reduce casualties.
  • the side collision of a car is one of the main forms of traffic accidents, but the buffer zone when the side of the car body collides is much smaller than the buffer zone in the frontal collision of the vehicle, and the risk of injury to the occupants is high. Therefore, the safety protection structure for the door It is also constantly improving.
  • foam blocks are usually arranged in the interior trim panels of the doors.
  • the foam blocks When a vehicle side collision occurs, the foam blocks will elastically deform through self-compression to absorb the energy generated by the impact, thereby protecting the occupants. safety.
  • the production of such foam blocks often requires the preparation of additional molds, which increases the production cost of the car, and the foam blocks are usually fixed to the door trim panels by welding, which increases the assembly procedure of the vehicle and reduces assembly efficiency.
  • Chinese utility model patent CN209426687U discloses a safety structure of an automobile door trim panel.
  • the installation structure is integrally injection-molded with the map bag and the voice coil, and adopts a 2/3 circular arch column, and the interior of the arch column is a cavity. Because the installation structure is located in the pelvic area of the human body, when the vehicle collides sideways, the circular cavity arch structure on the door collapses to absorb the collision energy, thereby protecting passengers.
  • cavity safety structures are prone to the problem of excessive crushing.
  • the present invention provides a collision protection structure integrated on the car door.
  • the vehicle door includes a door trim panel and a map pocket cover fixed on the inner side of the door trim panel.
  • the crash protection structure includes: at least one cavity structure, the at least one cavity structure is formed on the outer side of the door trim panel, and each of the cavity structures includes a cavity communicating with the cavity and a bottom opening formed on the door trim panel, and a chamber top wall opposite to the bottom opening; and a doghouse structure formed on the map pocket outer cover facing the door On the side of the trim panel and fitted with each of the cavity structures, and the doghouse structure is configured to be inserted through the bottom opening into the corresponding cavity and against the cavity top wall.
  • each cavity structure is formed on the outer side of the door trim panel, and each cavity structure includes a cavity, a bottom opening communicated with the cavity and formed on the door trim panel, and a cavity opposite to the bottom opening chamber roof.
  • the map pocket cover is fixed on the inner side of the door trim panel, and a doghouse structure is formed on the side of the map pocket cover facing the door trim panel, the doghouse structure can be inserted into the cavity through the bottom opening of the cavity structure center and against the top wall of the chamber.
  • the doghouse structure inserts directly into the cavity structure and against the cavity top wall of the cavity structure, together forming the crash protection structure.
  • the kennel structure withstands the cavity structure from the inside, it can prevent the cavity structure from being excessively crushed, thereby providing safer and more reliable protection for passengers.
  • the cavity structure and the interior trim panel of the vehicle door are integrally formed.
  • the cross section of the cavity structure gradually decreases along the direction from the interior trim panel of the vehicle door to the top wall of the cavity to form a conical truncated shape.
  • the structural stability of the cavity structure can be enhanced through the design of the above-mentioned frustum of the cone, and it is beneficial to collapse to the inside of the cavity structure.
  • the cavity structure includes four legs respectively extending from the outer side of the door trim panel to the four corners of the chamber top wall, Space intervals are formed between the adjacent legs.
  • the cross-section of each of the legs decreases gradually or stepwise along the direction from the door trim panel to the chamber top wall .
  • the top wall of the cavity has a circumferential edge that is curved and rounded toward the interior trim panel of the vehicle door.
  • each of the kennel structures is integrally formed with the outer cover of the map pocket.
  • each of the kennel structures includes a kennel top wall and three kennels extending from the map pocket cover to the kennel top wall and connected to each other.
  • support side walls, the three support side walls and the kennel top wall together enclose a kennel chamber, the kennel chamber includes a side opening, and the cross section of the kennel chamber is along the The outer cover of the map pocket gradually shrinks towards the direction of the top wall of the kennel.
  • the integrated injection molding of the kennel structure and the outer cover of the map bag can be realized, and the overall design is in the shape of a conical frustum, which can enhance the stability of the kennel structure and facilitate the collapse of the kennel structure. shrink.
  • a plurality of support rib walls extending outward perpendicular to the top wall of the dog kennel are formed on the top wall of the kennel, and the plurality of support ribs A wall abuts against an inner surface of the chamber top wall.
  • the plurality of supporting rib walls include four supporting rib walls connected to each other and forming a square frame.
  • two reinforcement ribs extending along the height of the frame and protruding outward are provided at each corner of the frame.
  • a predetermined angle is formed between the reinforcing ribs.
  • the strength of the supporting rib wall can be further enhanced through the arrangement of the above-mentioned reinforcing ribs, thereby enhancing the strength and stability of the entire collision protection structure.
  • an additional reinforcing rib wall extending between two opposing reinforcing rib walls is provided in the frame.
  • each supporting side wall has a root connected to the map pocket cover, and the thickness of the root is smaller than the rest of the supporting side wall thickness of.
  • reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner side of the top wall of the kennel facing the outer cover of the map pocket.
  • the present invention also provides a car door.
  • the car door includes the collision protection structure according to any one of the above.
  • the car door of the present invention not only meets the requirements of collision safety, but also saves the separate design and special mold of the foam block, and does not need additional process to assemble the collision protection structure, reducing the The manufacturing cost of the vehicle is reduced, and the efficiency of assembly is improved.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle.
  • the vehicle includes a door as described above.
  • Fig. 1 is the local structure explosion diagram of the embodiment of car door of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the partial structural assembly schematic diagram of the embodiment of the car door of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cavity structure in a collision protection structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of kennel structure in the collision protection structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the assembly schematic diagram of the embodiment of the collision protection structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A shown in Fig. 5 of the embodiment of the crash protection structure of the present invention.
  • the terms "setting” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, or internally connected between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.
  • the present invention provides a collision protection structure integrated on the car door 1 .
  • the car door 1 includes a door trim panel 11 and a map pocket cover 12 fixed on the inner surface 112 of the door trim panel.
  • the crash protection structure 10 includes: at least one cavity structure 111, the at least one cavity structure 111 is formed on the outer side 113 of the door trim panel, and each of the cavity structures 111 includes a cavity 1111, A bottom opening 1112 communicated with the chamber 1111 and formed on the door trim panel 11, and a chamber top wall 1113 opposite to the bottom opening 1112; and a doghouse structure 121, the doghouse structure 121 Formed on the side of the map pocket cover 12 facing the door trim panel 11 and matched with each of the cavity structures 111 , and the doghouse structure 121 is configured to be inserted through the bottom opening 1112 into the corresponding chamber 1111 and against the chamber top wall 1113 .
  • the vehicle (not shown in the figure) of the present invention is a pure electric vehicle.
  • the vehicle may also be a fuel vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or other suitable vehicles.
  • the vehicle includes a door 1 .
  • the vehicle door 1 includes but not limited to a vehicle door outer panel, a vehicle door reinforcement beam, a vehicle door window frame, a vehicle door trim panel 11 , and a map pocket cover 12 .
  • the door trim 11 is fixed on the inner side of the door 1
  • the map pocket cover 12 is fixed on the inner side 112 of the door trim, for example, by welding or screwing.
  • the map bag cover 12 is close to the pelvic area of the human body, and the collision protection structure 10 is provided at or near the map bag cover 12 to prevent or reduce the intrusion of the door trim armrest to the human body when a collision occurs, thereby effectively protecting passengers.
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of an embodiment of a car door of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a partial structure of an embodiment of a car door of the present invention.
  • the car door 1 includes a door trim panel 11 , a map pocket cover 12 , and two collision protection structures 10 integrated on the car door 1 .
  • the car door 1 includes a door trim panel 11 , a map pocket cover 12 , and two collision protection structures 10 integrated on the car door 1 .
  • two collision protection structures 10 may be provided on the vehicle door 1 .
  • both the door trim panel 11 and the map pocket cover 12 are manufactured by plastic injection molding.
  • the door trim panel 11 has an outer side 113 (based on the orientation shown in FIG. 1, which is the upper side of the door trim panel 11) and an opposite inner side 112 (based on the orientation shown in FIG. ).
  • the map pocket outer cover 12 is fixed on the inner surface 112 of the door trim panel by welding.
  • a plurality of mounting holes 114 penetrating through the thickness of the door trim panel 11 are provided, and a welding post 123 corresponding to each mounting hole 114 is provided on the inner surface 122 of the map pocket cover 12 .
  • the welding post 123 is integrally injection-molded with the map pocket cover 12 .
  • the welding posts 123 can be made separately and fixed to the inner side 122 of the map pocket cover 12 by welding.
  • Each welding post 123 extends vertically from the inner side 122 of the map pocket cover 12 toward the door trim 11 .
  • Each welding post 123 may pass through a corresponding mounting hole 114 and extend to the outer side 113 of the door trim panel 11 .
  • the map pocket cover 12 and the door trim 11 are fixed to each other by welding the welding post 123 with the mounting hole 114 .
  • the map pocket outer cover 12 can be fixed on the inner side 112 of the door trim panel 11 through screw connection. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, when the map pocket cover 12 and the door trim panel 11 are assembled together, the outer edge 115 of the map pocket cover 12 closely abuts on the outer edge 124 of the door trim panel 11 .
  • each collision protection structure 10 integrated on the vehicle door 1 of the present invention includes a cavity structure 111 and a doghouse structure 121 that cooperate with each other.
  • the cavity structure 111 is formed on the outer side 113 of the door trim panel and integrally formed with the door trim panel 11 .
  • the kennel structure 121 is formed on the inner surface 122 of the map pocket cover and integrally formed with the map pocket cover 12 , thus eliminating the need for a special mold for separately manufacturing the crash protection structure and reducing the manufacturing cost of the vehicle.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cavity structure in the collision protection structure of the present invention.
  • the cavity structure 111 includes a cavity 1111 , a bottom opening 1112 , a cavity top wall 1113 , feet 1114 , and a peripheral edge 1115 .
  • the bottom opening 1112 is formed on the door trim panel 11 and extends through the thickness of the door trim panel 11 , that is, extending from the inner side 112 to the outer side 113 of the door trim 11 . Roots of the four legs 1114 are distributed around the bottom opening 1112 and are respectively located at four corners of the bottom opening 1112 .
  • Each leg 1114 extends outward from the outer side 113 of the door trim panel to the top wall 1113 of the cavity at a certain angle, thereby enclosing the cavity 1111 together with the top wall 1113 of the cavity, and making the cavity structure 111 integrally form a
  • the cross-section is in the shape of a tapered truncated cone gradually decreasing in the direction from the outer side 113 of the door trim panel to the chamber top wall 1113 .
  • the frustum of the cone not only ensures the strength and stability of the cavity structure 111 itself, but also enables the cavity structure 111 to form a gradually weakened stepped strength from the cavity top wall 1113 to the door trim panel 11 .
  • each leg 1114 decreases in a step-like manner along the direction from the outer surface 113 of the door trim panel toward the chamber top wall 1113 .
  • the cross section of the leg 1114 may also be gradually reduced or remain constant. As shown in FIG.
  • the chamber top wall 1113 has a circumferential edge 1115 that is curved and rounded toward the door trim panel 11 .
  • the peripheral edge 1115 connects to the four legs 1114 at the four corners of the chamber top wall 1113 in order to optimize the transition between the chamber top wall 1113 and the four legs 1114 and also optimize the overall structure.
  • the four legs 1114 may also extend vertically outward from the outer side 113 of the door trim panel to the cavity top wall 1113 so as to form the right prism cavity structure 111 .
  • a space interval with a distance of 0 may also be formed between adjacent legs 1114 , that is, the cavity structure 111 is a tapered frustum structure with only one opening (bottom opening 1112 ).
  • the cavity structure 111 may also be a cylinder, a truncated cone, or the like.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the doghouse structure in the collision protection structure of the present invention.
  • the kennel structure 121 includes a kennel top wall 1211, support side walls 1212, side wall roots 12121, kennel chamber 1213, side openings 1214, support rib walls 1215, rib wall reinforcement Rib 1216, and internal reinforcing rib 1217.
  • the three supporting side walls 1212 are connected to each other, and extend outward at a certain angle from the inner side 122 of the cover of the map bag to the top wall 1211 of the kennel.
  • Three supporting side walls 1212 and the kennel top wall 1211 encircle the kennel chamber 1213 with the side opening 1214, and form a cross-section gradually decreasing towards the kennel top wall 1211 from the inner side 122 of the map bag outer cover.
  • the side opening 1214 ensures that the kennel structure 121 can be integrally injection-molded with the map pocket cover 12 on the inner side 122 of the map pocket cover 12 .
  • the supporting side wall 1212 has a side wall root 12121 connected to the inner side 122 of the map pocket cover.
  • the thickness of the sidewall root 12121 is set to be smaller than the thickness of the rest of the supporting sidewall 1212 .
  • one or more rows of small holes can be made on the side wall root 12121 along the direction parallel to the doghouse top wall 1211, so that the strength of the side wall root 12121 is less than that of the rest of the supporting side wall 1212.
  • an internal reinforcing rib 1217 is provided on the inner surface of the chamber top wall 1211 .
  • a plurality of internal reinforcing ribs may be provided on the inner surface of the chamber top wall 1211 .
  • Supporting ribs 1215 extending outward from the outer surface of the chamber top wall 1211 are also provided on the outer surface of the chamber top wall 1211 (based on the orientation shown in FIG. 4 , the upper surface of the chamber top wall 1211 ).
  • the four supporting rib walls 1215 are connected to each other and form a square frame. Each corner of the frame is provided with two rib wall reinforcing ribs 1216 extending along the height of the frame and protruding outward, forming a certain angle with each other.
  • the kennel structure 121 is designed as a conical frustum structure and is provided with internal reinforcing ribs 1217, rib wall reinforcing ribs 1216, etc., firstly ensuring the strength and stability of the kennel structure 121 itself. Furthermore, the kennel structure 121 as a whole forms a stepped strength that gradually becomes stronger from the side wall root 12121 to the supporting rib wall 1215. When a side collision occurs, it can collapse step by step from the most vulnerable side wall root 12121 to absorb the collision energy. Thereby protecting the occupants in the car.
  • the three supporting side walls 1212 may also extend vertically outwards from the inner side 122 of the map bag cover to the top wall 1211 of the doghouse, together with the top wall 1211 of the doghouse to form a side opening 1214 of the kennel chamber 1213 to form a right prism structure.
  • an arc-shaped supporting side wall 1212 and the kennel top wall 1211 can enclose a kennel chamber 1213 with a side opening 1214, and the whole is a cylindrical structure or a truncated cone structure.
  • two planar supporting side walls 1212 and one arc-shaped supporting side wall 1212 can also form a kennel chamber 1213 with a side opening 1214 together with the fan-shaped kennel top wall 1211 .
  • the inner reinforcing rib 1217 of the kennel chamber 1213 can also be formed between two opposite supporting side walls 1212 , and the two ends are respectively fixed on the inner side of the two opposite supporting side walls 1212 .
  • another internal reinforcing rib 1217 can be extended from the middle of the internal reinforcing rib 1217 between the two supporting side walls 1212 to the top wall 1211 of the kennel, and combined into an inverted "T" shape to enhance the overall strength and strength of the kennel structure 121. stability.
  • additional reinforcing rib walls can be added within the frame formed by the supporting rib walls 1215 and between the two opposite supporting rib walls 1215 to form a "ri" character structure and a "tian” character structure. structure, etc., to further enhance the strength of the supporting structure.
  • Fig. 5 is an assembly schematic diagram of an embodiment of the crash protection structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A section line shown in Fig. 5 of an embodiment of the crash protection structure of the present invention.
  • the doghouse structure 121 on the map pocket cover 12 is inserted into the cavity 1111 through the bottom opening 1112 of the cavity structure 111 , and against the chamber top wall 1113 , thus forming the crash protection structure 10 .
  • the support rib walls 1215 of the kennel structure 121 bear against the chamber top wall 1113 .
  • the cavity structure 111 tends to collapse inwards, and the doghouse structure 121 resists the cavity structure 111 from the inside to prevent excessive collapse.
  • the collision energy exceeds the limit that the kennel structure 121 can withstand, the kennel structure 121 collapses from the root of the side wall 12121 to the direction of the chamber top wall 1113, and at the same time the cavity structure 111 moves from the chamber top wall 1113 to the door trim
  • the direction of the panel 11 collapses, and the entire collision protection structure absorbs collision energy through collapse, thereby protecting the occupants in the vehicle.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构、车门和车辆。车门包括车门内饰板和固定在车门内饰板的内侧面上的地图袋外盖。该碰撞保护结构包括：至少一个空腔结构，其形成在车门内饰板的外侧面上，并且每个空腔结构包括腔室、与腔室连通且形成在车门内饰板上的底部开口、和与底部开口相对的腔室顶壁；和狗窝结构，其形成在地图袋外盖的朝向车门内饰板的侧面上并与每个空腔结构相配，并且狗窝结构配置成可通过底部开口插入到对应的腔室中并抵住腔室顶壁。通过将狗窝结构插入空腔结构并顶住空腔结构，防止地图袋外盖过度压溃，从而为车门及车辆提供了可靠的碰撞保护结构，因此不再需要制造单独的防撞发泡块，进而又降低了车门及车辆的制造成本。

Description

集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构、车门和车辆
优先权要求
本申请要求以下中国发明专利申请的优先权：2021年12月17日提交的、申请号为“202111555468.3”的中国发明专利申请。该申请的内容通过引用全部结合到本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆技术领域，具体地涉及集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构、车门和车辆。
背景技术
随着生活水平的不断提高，汽车已经成为人们最重要的出行工具之一。汽车通常是指由动力(例如燃油、混合动力、纯电动等)驱动、具有4个或4个以上车轮的非轨道承载的车辆，其主要作用包括代步、载人和运输等。汽车给人们的出行带来了便利、舒适和安全，同时也促进了产业的发展，加快了经济的提升，改变了人们的生活方式。
随着汽车的广泛运用，道路交通事故已经成为一大世界性难题，人们对汽车的安全性能越来越重视。汽车的安全性能是汽车在行驶中避免事故，保证行人和乘员安全的性能。汽车安全性能好，往往可以避免事故的发生或降低人员的伤亡程度。汽车侧面碰撞是交通事故的主要形式之一，但是车身侧面发生碰撞时的缓冲区比车辆正面碰撞的缓冲区要小得多，乘员面临的伤害风险很高，因此，用于车门的安全保护结构也在不断完善。
目前，在现有技术的车辆中，通常在车门的内饰板中设置发泡块，在发生车辆侧碰时，发泡块通过自身压缩产生弹性变形，来吸收撞击产生的能量，从而保护乘员的安全。生产这种发泡块往往需要准备额外的模具，增加汽车的生产成本，并且发泡块通常采用焊接的方式固定到车门内饰板中，增加车辆的装配程序，降低装配效率。
为了降低成本，现有技术已经发展出一种能够取代发泡块的汽车门内饰板安全结构。中国实用新型专利CN209426687U公开了一种汽车门内饰板安全结构。该安装结构与地图袋以及拢音圈一体注塑成型，采用2/3圆形拱柱，拱柱内部为空腔。由于该安装结构位于人体骨盆区域，车辆发生侧碰时，车门上的圆形空腔拱柱结构发生溃压以吸收碰撞能，从而能够起到保护乘客的作用。然而，这种空腔安全结构容易发生过度压溃的问题。
因此，本领域需要一种新的技术方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有技术中汽车车门上的空腔安全结构容易发生过度压溃的问题，本发明提供一种集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构。所述车门包括车门内饰板和固定在所述车门内饰板的内侧面上的地图袋外盖。该碰撞保护结构包括：至少一个空腔结构，所述至少一个空腔结构形成在所述车门内饰板的外侧面上，并且每个所述空腔结构包括腔室、与所述腔室连通且形成在所述车门内饰板上的底部开口、和与所述底部开口相对的腔室顶壁；和狗窝结构，所述狗窝结构形成在所述地图袋外盖的朝向所述车门内饰板的侧面上并与每个所述空腔结构相配，并且所述狗窝结构配置成可通过所述底部开口插入到对应的所述腔室中并抵住所述腔室顶壁。
在本发明集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构中，包括至少一个空腔结构和与每个空腔结构相配的狗窝结构。每个空腔结构都形成在车门内饰板的外侧面上，并且每个空腔结构包括腔室、与腔室连通且形成在车门内饰板上的底部开口、和与底部开口相对的腔室顶壁。地图袋外盖固定在车门内饰板的内侧面上，并且狗窝结构形成在地图袋外盖的朝向车门内饰板的侧面上，狗窝结构可以通过空腔结构的底部开口插入到腔室中并抵住腔室顶壁。因此，当地图袋外盖固定到车门内饰板上时，狗窝结构会直接插入空腔结构中并抵住空腔结构的腔室顶壁，一起形成碰撞保护结构。当车辆发生侧碰时，由于狗窝结构从内部顶住空腔结构，因此可阻止空腔结构发生过度压溃的情况，从而为乘客提供更安全和可靠的保 护。通过这样的碰撞保护结构，也不需要再提供单独的发泡防撞块，从而可降低车门和车辆的制造成本，并且提高了车门的装配效率。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，所述空腔结构与所述车门内饰板是一体成型的。通过上述设置，省去了额外的空腔结构的专用模具，降低了车辆的制造成本。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，所述空腔结构的横截面沿着从所述车门内饰板到所述腔室顶壁的方向逐渐减小以形成锥形台形状。通过上述锥形台设计，可以增强空腔结构的结构稳定性，并且有利于向空腔结构内部溃缩。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，所述空腔结构包括分别从所述车门内饰板的外侧面延伸到所述腔室顶壁的四个拐角的四个支脚，相邻所述支脚之间都形成空间间隔。通过上述的支脚间间隔的设计，可以实现空腔结构与车门内饰板一体注塑成型，并且对空腔结构的整体强度进行一定的弱化，使之在车辆发生侧碰撞时可以优先溃缩吸收碰撞能量。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，每个所述支脚的横截面沿着从所述车门内饰板到所述腔室顶壁的方向逐渐地或阶梯性地减小。通过上述的设置，可以增强空腔结构的稳定性，并且使空腔结构的整体强度沿着内饰板到腔室顶壁逐渐减弱，形成阶梯强度，在发生碰撞时，从腔室顶壁向腔室内部溃缩。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，所述腔室顶壁具有朝向所述车门内饰板方向弯曲且倒圆角的周向边缘。通过上述的设置，优化腔室顶壁与四个支脚的过渡，增强空腔结构的稳定性。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，每个所述狗窝结构与所述地图袋外盖一体成型。通过上述的设置，省去狗窝结构的专用模具，提高装配效率的同时降低车辆成本。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，每个所述狗窝结构包括狗窝顶壁和分别从所述地图袋外盖延伸到所述狗窝顶壁且彼此相连的三个支撑侧壁，所述三个支撑侧壁和狗窝顶壁一起围成狗窝腔室，所述狗窝腔室包括一个侧部开口，并且所述狗窝腔室的横截面沿 着从所述地图袋外盖朝向所述狗窝顶壁的方向逐渐缩小。通过上述的侧部开口的设计，可以实现狗窝结构与地图袋外盖一体注塑成型，并且将整体设计为锥形台形状，可以增强狗窝结构的稳定性，有利于向狗窝结构内部溃缩。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，在所述狗窝顶壁上形成有垂直于所述狗窝顶壁向外延伸的多个支撑肋壁，所述多个支撑肋壁抵靠所述腔室顶壁的内表面。通过上述的设置，可以加强整个碰撞保护结构的强度和稳定性，在侧碰发生时起到对车门的支撑和缓冲作用。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，所述多个支撑肋壁包括彼此相连并围成方框的四个支撑肋壁。通过上述的设置，可以增强整个碰撞保护结构的强度和稳定性。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，在所述方框的每个拐角处设有沿着所述方框的高度延伸且向外突出的两个加强筋，两个所述加强筋之间形成预定夹角。通过上述加强筋的设置，可以进一步增强支撑肋壁的强度，从而增强整个碰撞保护结构的强度和稳定性。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，在所述方框内设有在相对的两个所述加强肋壁之间延伸的附加加强肋壁。通过上述设置，可以进一步增强整个碰撞保护结构的强度和稳定性。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，所述每个支撑侧壁具有连接到所述地图袋外盖的根部，并且所述根部的厚度小于所述支撑侧壁的其余部分的厚度。通过上述的设置，减弱了狗窝结构的侧壁根部的强度，使狗窝结构形成从侧壁根部到支撑肋壁逐渐变强的阶梯强度，在发生碰撞时，可以实现溃缩吸能。
在上述集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构的优选技术方案中，在所述狗窝顶壁的面对所述地图袋外盖的内侧面上设有加强筋。通过上述设置，可以增强狗窝结构的强度和稳定性。
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有技术中汽车车门上的空腔安全结构容易发生过度压溃的问题，本发明还提供一种车门。 该车门包括根据上面任一项所述的碰撞保护结构，本发明车门不仅满足碰撞安全的要求，并且省去了发泡块的单独设计与专用模具，也无需额外的工艺装配碰撞保护结构，降低了车辆的制造成本，提高了装配的效率。
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有技术中汽车车门上的空腔安全结构容易发生过度压溃的问题，本发明还提供一种车辆。该车辆包括上述的车门。通过采用本发明车辆，不仅满足汽车碰撞安全的要求，而且降低车辆的制造成本。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明车门的实施例的局部结构爆炸图；
图2是本发明车门的实施例的局部结构装配示意图；
图3是本发明碰撞保护结构中空腔结构的实施例的结构示意图；
图4是本发明碰撞保护结构中狗窝结构的实施例的结构示意图；
图5是本发明碰撞保护结构的实施例的装配示意图；
图6是本发明碰撞保护结构的实施例沿图5所示的A-A剖面线获得的剖视图。
附图标记列表：
1、车门；10、碰撞保护结构；11、车门内饰板；12、地图袋外盖；111、空腔结构；1111、腔室；1112、底部开口；1113、腔室顶壁；1114、支脚；1115、周向边缘；112、车门内饰板的内侧面；113、车门内饰板的外侧面；114、安装孔；115、车门内饰板的外边缘；121、狗窝结构；1211、狗窝顶壁；1212、支撑侧壁；12121、侧壁根部；1213、狗窝腔室；1214、侧部开口；1215、支撑肋壁；1216、肋壁加强筋；1217、内部加强筋；122、地图袋外盖的内侧面；123、焊接柱；124、地图袋外盖的外边缘。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限 制本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，还可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
为了解决现有技术中汽车车门上的空腔安全结构容易发生过度压溃的问题，本发明提供了一种集成在车门1上的碰撞保护结构。车门1包括车门内饰板11和固定在车门内饰板的内侧面112上的地图袋外盖12。该碰撞保护结构10包括：至少一个空腔结构111，所述至少一个空腔结构111形成在所述车门内饰板的外侧面113上，并且每个所述空腔结构111包括腔室1111、与所述腔室1111连通且形成在所述车门内饰板11上的底部开口1112、和与所述底部开口1112相对的腔室顶壁1113；和狗窝结构121，所述狗窝结构121形成在所述地图袋外盖12的朝向所述车门内饰板11的侧面上并与每个所述空腔结构111相配，并且所述狗窝结构121配置成可通过所述底部开口1112插入到对应的所述腔室1111中并抵住所述腔室顶壁1113。
在一种或多种实施例中，本发明车辆(图中未示出)为纯电动汽车。替代地，该汽车也可以是燃油汽车、混合动力汽车、或者其他合适的车辆。该车辆包括车门1。车门1包括但不限于车门外板、车门加强横梁、车门窗框、车门内饰板11、和地图袋外盖12。其中，车门内饰板11固定在车门1的内侧上，而地图袋外盖12固定在车门内饰板的内侧面112上，例如都通过焊接或螺钉连接的方式。地图袋外盖12靠近人体的骨盆区域，在地图袋外盖12的位置处或附近设置碰撞保护结构10能够防止或减小碰撞发生时门饰板扶手对人体的侵入，从而有效地保护乘客。
图1是本发明车门的实施例的局部结构爆炸示意图，图2是本发明车门的实施例的局部结构装配示意图。如图1和图2所示，车门1包括车门内饰板11、地图袋外盖12、和集成在车门1上的两个碰撞保护结构10。替代地，根据实际需要，在车门1上也可只设置一个或多于两个的碰撞保护结构。很显然的是，碰撞保护结构10的数量越多，车门1的抗撞击能力越高。在一种或多种实施例中，车门内饰板11和地图袋外盖12都采用塑料注塑的加工方法制造而成。车门内饰板11具有外侧面113(基于图1所示方位，为车门内饰板11的上侧面)和相对的内侧面112(基于图1所示方位，为车门内饰板11的下侧面)。地图袋外盖12通过焊接方式固定在车门内饰板的内侧面112上。具体地，在车门内饰板11上设有多个贯通其厚度的安装孔114，并且在地图袋外盖12的内侧面122上设有分别与每个安装孔114相配的焊接柱123。在一种或多种实施例中，焊接柱123与地图袋外盖12一体注塑成型。替代地，焊接柱123可单独制成并通过焊接的方式固定到地图袋外盖12的内侧面122上。每个焊接柱123从地图袋外盖12的内侧面122垂直地朝向车门内饰板11延伸。每个焊接柱123可穿过对应的安装孔114并延伸到车门内饰板11的外侧面113。在将地图袋外盖12装配到车门内饰板11上时，通过将焊接柱123与安装孔114焊接在一起，从而将地图袋外盖12和车门内饰板11固定到彼此之上。替代地，地图袋外盖12可通过螺纹连接方式固定到车门内饰板11的内侧面112上。如图1和图2所示，当地图袋外盖12和车门内饰板11装配在一起时，地图袋外盖12的外边缘115紧密地抵靠在车门内饰板11的外边缘124上。
如图1和图2所示，本发明集成在车门1上的每个碰撞保护结构10都包括相互配合的空腔结构111和狗窝结构121。空腔结构111形成在车门内饰板的外侧面113上并且与车门内饰板11一体成型。狗窝结构121形成在地图袋外盖的内侧面122上并且与地图袋外盖12一体成型，因此省去了单独制造碰撞保护结构的专用模具，降低了车辆的制造成本。
图3是本发明碰撞保护结构中空腔结构的实施例的结构示意图。如图3所示，在一种或多种实施例中，空腔结构111包括腔室1111、底部开口1112、腔室顶壁1113、支脚1114、和周向边缘1115。如图3所示，底部开口1112形成在车门内饰板11上并且贯穿车门内饰板11的厚度，即从车门内饰板11 的内侧面112延伸到其外侧面113。四个支脚1114的根部分布在底部开口1112的周围，并且分别位于底部开口1112的四个拐角处。每个支脚1114都从车门内饰板的外侧面113以一定角度向外延伸至腔室顶壁1113，从而与腔室顶壁1113共同围出腔室1111，并且使得空腔结构111整体形成一个横截面沿着从车门内饰板的外侧面113到腔室顶壁1113的方向逐渐减小的锥形台形状。这种锥形台形状不仅可保证空腔结构111自身的强度和稳定性，同时又使得空腔结构111整体形成从腔室顶壁1113至车门内饰板11逐渐减弱的阶梯强度。因此，在发生侧碰撞时，空腔结构111从腔室顶壁1113向腔室内部溃缩，从而吸收碰撞能量。在相邻支脚1114之间都形成空间间隔，以便起到根部弱化的效果，从而可减弱空腔结构111的整体强度，使得在车辆发生侧碰撞时该空腔结构111可以优先溃缩。如图3所示，每个支脚1114的横截面沿着车门内饰板的外侧面113朝向腔室顶壁1113的方向呈阶梯状减小。替代地，支脚1114的横截面也可以是逐渐缩小或保持不变的。如图3所示，腔室顶壁1113具有朝向车门内饰板11方向弯曲且倒圆角的周向边缘1115。周向边缘1115在腔室顶壁1113的四个拐角处与四个支脚1114相连，以便优化腔室顶壁1113与四个支脚1114之间的过渡，也优化了整体结构。
在替代的实施例中，四个支脚1114也可以从车门内饰板的外侧面113垂直地向外延伸至腔室顶壁1113，以便形成直棱柱体空腔结构111。在一种或多种实施例中，相邻的支脚1114间也可以形成距离为0的空间间隔，即空腔结构111为仅有一个开口(底部开口1112)的锥形台结构。替代地，空腔结构111也可以是圆柱体、或圆台体等。
图4是本发明碰撞保护结构中狗窝结构的实施例的结构示意图。在一种或多种实施例中，狗窝结构121包括狗窝顶壁1211、支撑侧壁1212、侧壁根部12121、狗窝腔室1213、侧部开口1214、支撑肋壁1215、肋壁加强筋1216、和内部加强筋1217。三个支撑侧壁1212彼此相连，并从地图袋外盖的内侧面122上以一定的角度向外延伸至狗窝顶壁1211。三个支撑侧壁1212与狗窝顶壁1211一起围出具有侧部开口1214的狗窝腔室1213，并形成横截面从地图袋外盖的内侧面122朝向狗窝顶壁1211逐渐减小的锥形台结构。侧部开口1214保证了狗窝结构121可以在地图袋外盖的内侧面122上与地图袋外盖12一体注塑成型。支撑侧壁1212具有与地图袋外盖的内侧面122 连接的侧壁根部12121。侧壁根部12121的厚度设置成小于支撑侧壁1212的其余部分的厚度。替代地，也可以在侧壁根部12121上沿平行于狗窝顶壁1211的方向开一排或多排小孔，使得侧壁根部12121的强度小于支撑侧壁1212的其余部分的强度。如图4所示，在腔室顶壁1211的内表面上设有一个内部加强筋1217。替代地，在腔室顶壁1211的内表面上可设置多个内部加强筋。在腔室顶壁1211的外表面(基于图4所示方位，为腔室顶壁1211的上表面)上还设置有从腔室顶壁1211的外表面向外延伸的支撑肋壁1215。四个支撑肋壁1215彼此相连并围成方框。在方框的每个拐角处设有沿着方框的高度延伸且向外突出，相互间形成一定夹角的两个肋壁加强筋1216。狗窝结构121设计成锥形台结构并设置有内部加强筋1217、肋壁加强筋1216等，首先保证了狗窝结构121自身的强度和稳定性。进一步地，狗窝结构121整体形成从侧壁根部12121到支撑肋壁1215逐渐变强的阶梯强度，在发生侧碰撞时，能够从最脆弱的侧壁根部12121开始逐级溃缩，吸收碰撞能量进而保护车内乘员。
在替代的实施例中，三个支撑侧壁1212也可以从地图袋外盖的内侧面122上垂直地向外延伸至狗窝顶壁1211，与狗窝顶壁1211一起围成具有侧部开口1214的狗窝腔室1213，以形成直棱柱结构。替代地，一个弧形支撑侧壁1212可以与狗窝顶壁1211围成有侧部开口1214的狗窝腔室1213，整体为圆柱结构或圆锥台结构。替代地，两个平面的支撑侧壁1212与一个弧形支撑侧壁1212也可以与扇形的狗窝顶壁1211一起围成有侧部开口1214的狗窝腔室1213。
在替代的实施例中，狗窝腔室1213的内部加强筋1217也可形成在相对的两个支撑侧壁1212之间，两端分别固定在相对的两个支撑侧壁1212的内侧。进一步地，可以从两个支撑侧壁1212之间的内部加强筋1217中间向狗窝顶壁1211延伸另一个内部加强筋1217，组合成倒“T”型，增强狗窝结构121整体的强度和稳定性。
在替代的实施例中，在支撑肋壁1215组成的方框内并且在相对的两个支撑肋壁1215之间还可以附加额外的加强肋壁，组合成“日”字结构、“田”字结构等，进一步增强支撑结构的强度。
图5是本发明碰撞保护结构的实施例的装配示意图。图6是本发明 碰撞保护结构的实施例沿图5所示的A-A剖面线获得的剖视图。如图5和图6所示，当地图袋外盖12装配到车门内饰板11上时，地图袋外盖12上的狗窝结构121通过空腔结构111的底部开口1112插入到腔室1111中，并且抵住腔室顶壁1113，因此形成碰撞保护结构10。更具体地，狗窝结构121的支撑肋壁1215抵住腔室顶壁1113。当碰撞发生时，空腔结构111倾向于向内溃缩，狗窝结构121从内部顶住空腔结构111可以防止其过度溃缩。当碰撞能量超过狗窝结构121能够承受的极限时，狗窝结构121从侧壁根部12121开始向腔室顶壁1113的方向溃缩，同时空腔结构111从腔室顶壁1113向车门内饰板11的方向溃缩，整个碰撞保护结构通过溃缩吸收碰撞能量，从而保护车内乘员。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，所述车门包括车门内饰板和固定在所述车门内饰板的内侧面上的地图袋外盖，所述碰撞保护结构包括：
    至少一个空腔结构，所述至少一个空腔结构形成在所述车门内饰板的外侧面上，并且每个所述空腔结构包括腔室、与所述腔室连通且形成在所述车门内饰板上的底部开口、和与所述底部开口相对的腔室顶壁；和
    狗窝结构，所述狗窝结构形成在所述地图袋外盖的朝向所述车门内饰板的侧面上并与每个所述空腔结构相配，并且所述狗窝结构配置成可通过所述底部开口插入到对应的所述腔室中并抵住所述腔室顶壁。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，所述空腔结构与所述车门内饰板一体成型。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，所述空腔结构的横截面沿着从所述车门内饰板到所述腔室顶壁的方向逐渐减小以形成锥形台形状。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，所述空腔结构包括分别从所述车门内饰板的外侧面延伸到所述腔室顶壁的四个拐角的四个支脚，相邻所述支脚之间都形成空间间隔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，每个所述支脚的横截面沿着从所述车门内饰板到所述腔室顶壁的方向逐渐地或阶梯性地减小。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，所述腔室顶壁具有朝向所述车门内饰板方向弯曲且倒圆角的周向边缘。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，每个所述狗窝结构与所述地图袋外盖一体成型。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，每个所述狗窝结构包括狗窝顶壁和分别从所述地图袋外盖延伸到所述狗窝顶壁且彼此相连的三个支撑侧壁，所述三个支撑侧壁和狗窝顶壁一起围成狗窝腔室，所述狗窝腔室包括一个侧部开口，并且所述狗窝腔室的横截面沿着从所述地图袋外盖朝向所述狗窝顶壁的方向逐渐缩小。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，在所述狗窝顶壁上形成有垂直于所述狗窝顶壁向外延伸的多个支撑肋壁，所述多个支撑肋壁抵靠所述腔室顶壁的内表面。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，所述多个支撑肋壁包括彼此相连并围成方框的四个支撑肋壁。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，在所述方框的每个拐角处设有沿着所述方框的高度延伸且向外突出的两个加强筋，两个所述加强筋之间形成预定夹角。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，在所述方框内设有在相对的两个所述加强肋壁之间延伸的附加加强肋壁。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于，所述每个支撑侧壁具有连接到所述地图袋外盖的根部，并且所述根部的厚度小于所述支撑侧壁的其余部分的厚度。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构，其特征在于， 在所述狗窝顶壁的面对所述地图袋外盖的内侧面上设有加强筋。
  15. 一种车门，其特征在于，所述车门包括根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的碰撞保护结构。
  16. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括权利要求15所述的车门。
PCT/CN2022/138435 2021-12-17 2022-12-12 集成在车门上的碰撞保护结构、车门和车辆 WO2023109770A1 (zh)

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