WO2023093432A1 - 电池包 - Google Patents

电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023093432A1
WO2023093432A1 PCT/CN2022/127546 CN2022127546W WO2023093432A1 WO 2023093432 A1 WO2023093432 A1 WO 2023093432A1 CN 2022127546 W CN2022127546 W CN 2022127546W WO 2023093432 A1 WO2023093432 A1 WO 2023093432A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery pack
box
cavity
pressure relief
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/127546
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李凡
黄莹
陈智伟
饶焰
陈朝海
王鸿鹄
Original Assignee
湖北亿纬动力有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 filed Critical 湖北亿纬动力有限公司
Publication of WO2023093432A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023093432A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/358—External gas exhaust passages located on the battery cover or case
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, for example, to a battery pack.
  • thermal runaway As the core component of electric vehicles, batteries are related to the safety of vehicles. For the battery, the biggest maintenance is the thermal runaway of the battery. Severe thermal runaway will cause the battery to spontaneously ignite. When the thermal runaway of the battery reaches a certain temperature, the internal temperature of the battery will rise sharply, and an explosion accident will occur. It can be seen that for power batteries, thermal runaway is a very serious safety accident, which directly threatens the safety of vehicles and users. Therefore, it is very important to take certain safety measures against thermal runaway.
  • the cylindrical cells of the power battery are usually positioned and insulated by plastic brackets, and then installed in a metal box, and the battery box has only one airtight cavity, and the cells do not have a separate pressure relief channel.
  • the battery pack has only one airtight cavity, a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature gas will fill the entire cavity, and the high-temperature gas cannot be effectively and timely discharged, resulting in thermal runaway of the entire battery system and poor safety performance.
  • the present application provides a battery pack, which can quickly discharge the high-temperature gas generated when the battery core is thermally out of control, and effectively prevent the battery pack from exploding.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, including:
  • the battery box includes a box body and a first box cover, the box body is provided with a first cavity; the first box cover is sealed and connected with the box body to form a second cavity;
  • Insulating film, the bottom plate of the box is provided with a vent, and the insulating film is laid between the electric core and the bottom plate to seal the vent.
  • the high-temperature gas can melt the insulating film and enter the second cavity from the first cavity through the vent;
  • a pressure relief valve the pressure relief valve is arranged on the side wall of the box, and the high-temperature gas in the second cavity can be discharged through the pressure relief valve.
  • the insulating film is a PET film.
  • the insulating film is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the box.
  • the number of the air vents is multiple, and the positions of the multiple air vents correspond to the positions of the multiple battery cells one by one.
  • a plurality of the battery cells and a plurality of the air vents are arranged in a row along the length direction of the box, and on the outer side of the bottom plate, between two adjacent rows of the air vents Ribs are provided to form gas passages.
  • the pressure relief valve is located on the side wall of the box in front of the outlet of the gas channel.
  • a plurality of the battery cells are fixedly bonded by glue.
  • a first sealing strip is provided between the first case cover and the case body.
  • the box body includes a second box cover and a casing, and the second box cover is sealed with the casing.
  • a second sealing strip is provided between the second case cover and the housing.
  • the battery pack provided by this application can set the battery cell in the first cavity by setting the first cavity in the box, and form the second cavity through the sealing connection between the box and the box cover, and set it on the bottom plate of the box. vent, and lay an insulating film on the bottom plate, the high-temperature gas generated when the cell thermal runaway can melt the insulating film, so that the high-temperature gas diffuses from the first cavity to the second cavity through the vent, and then the second cavity The high temperature gas is then discharged from the pressure relief valve.
  • the battery pack can quickly discharge the high-temperature gas generated when the battery core is thermally out of control, preventing the battery pack from exploding.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery box 10. Box body; 101. Bottom plate; 100. First box cover; 200. Second box cover; 300. Shell; 310. Air vent; 320. Convex rib; 400. Battery core; Insulation film; 600, pressure relief valve; 700, second sealing strip; 800, first sealing strip.
  • first position and second position are two different positions, and "above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is on the second feature. Directly above and obliquely above, or simply means that the first feature level is higher than the second feature. "Below”, “beneath” and “under” the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be A mechanical connection can also be an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided in this embodiment.
  • the battery pack includes a battery box 1 , a plurality of battery cells 400 , an insulating film 500 and a pressure relief valve 600 .
  • the battery box 1 includes a box body 10 and a first box cover 100 .
  • the box body 10 is provided with a first cavity.
  • the first box cover 100 is sealingly connected to the bottom of the box body 10 and forms a second cavity with the box body 10 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 400 are fixed in the first cavity.
  • a vent 310 is opened on the bottom plate of the box, and an insulating film 500 is laid between the battery cell 400 and the bottom plate 101 to seal the vent 310. Enter the second cavity through the vent 310 .
  • the pressure relief valve 600 is disposed on the side wall of the box body 10 , and the high-temperature gas in the second cavity can be discharged through the pressure relief valve 600 .
  • the above-mentioned battery pack can set the first cavity in the box body 10, the battery cell 400 can be arranged in the first cavity, and the second cavity is formed through the sealing connection between the box body 10 and the box cover, and the bottom plate of the box body 10 101 is provided with a vent 310, and an insulating film 500 is laid on the bottom plate 101.
  • the high-temperature gas generated when the cell 400 is thermally out of control can melt the insulating film 500, so that the high-temperature gas diffuses from the first cavity to the second through the vent 310.
  • the high-temperature gas in the cavity, and then the second cavity is discharged from the pressure relief valve 600 .
  • the battery pack can rapidly discharge the high-temperature gas generated when the battery cell 400 is thermally out of control, so as to prevent the battery pack from exploding.
  • the first case cover 100 is a flat plate structure, and the first case cover 100 is connected to the bottom of the case body 10 , and can be connected with the case body 10 by means of riveting, bonding or welding. .
  • a first sealing strip 800 can be provided at the junction of the first box cover 100 and the box body 10, of course, other methods such as glue can also be used to increase the airtightness .
  • the box body 10 is roughly in the shape of a cuboid.
  • the box body 10 includes a housing 300 and a second box cover 200. The housing 300 and the second box cover 200 are hermetically connected.
  • the opening of the housing 300 and the second box cover 200 Flanges are provided at the edges, and when the shell 300 and the second box cover 200 are connected, the flanges are cut and fitted to each other, and the connection method can be riveting, bonding or welding.
  • a second sealing strip 700 or glue is applied at the junction of the casing 300 and the second box cover 200 to increase the sealing of the box body 10 .
  • the insulating film 500 in this embodiment is a PET film, and the PET film has good airtightness, which can ensure that the vent 310 is sealed when the battery cell 400 is in normal use, and the sealing of the first cavity is ensured. , the first cavity and the second cavity are not connected to each other.
  • the PET film is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 101 of the box body 10 , and can be covered on the bottom plate 101 of the box body 10 by cold pressing or a similar process to prevent the PET film from moving in the box body 10 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 400 are fixedly bonded together by glue.
  • a certain depth of glue is filled into the first cavity, so that the multiple battery cells 400 and the side wall of the box body 10 and the PET film under the battery cell 400 are bonded together to achieve the purpose of stably fixing the battery cell 400.
  • Glue is used to install and fix the battery cell 400 and the box body 10 without plastic brackets. Simple.
  • each air vent 310 there are multiple air vents 310 on the bottom plate 101, and the position of each air vent 310 is in one-to-one correspondence with the position of the battery cell 400, so that when a battery cell 400 undergoes thermal runaway, the air below the battery cell 400 The PET film melts first, and the high-temperature gas quickly diffuses from the vent 310 below the battery cell 400 to the second cavity, so as to prevent the high-temperature gas from spreading to other battery cells 400 when a single battery cell 400 is thermally out of control. cause an impact, thereby effectively avoiding damage to the entire battery pack.
  • the air vent 310 can be circular, square or other shapes. In this embodiment, the air vent 310 is circular and its diameter is smaller than that of the battery cell 400 so as to support the battery cell 400. The battery cell 400 will not fall into the second cavity from the vent 310 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 400 and a plurality of vents 310 are arranged in rows on the bottom plate 101 along the length direction of the box body 10 , and ribs 320 are provided between two adjacent rows of vents 310 .
  • the setting of the convex rib 320 separates a plurality of vents 310 in rows to form a gas channel, which guides the high-temperature gas flowing into the second cavity, and prevents the high-temperature gas from diffusing to the entire battery cell 400 when thermal runaway occurs.
  • the second cavity causes the other cells 400 to heat up, and at the same time, shortens the discharge path of the high-temperature gas, which is beneficial for the high-temperature gas to be quickly discharged from the pressure relief valve 600 .
  • the convex rib 320 abuts against the first case cover 100, so as to better prevent the high-temperature gas from spreading to the entire second cavity, and facilitate the rapid discharge of the high-temperature gas .
  • the convex rib 320 can be integrally formed with the housing 300 or bonded to the bottom plate 101 of the housing 300 , of course, other connection methods can also be used.
  • the battery cells 400 are provided with six columns, correspondingly, the vents 310 are provided with six columns, and the ribs 320 are provided with five.
  • the cells 400, the vents 310 and the ribs 320 The quantity can be set according to actual needs.
  • the pressure relief valve 600 should be arranged on the side wall of the box body 10 in front of the outlet of the gas passage, so as to facilitate the discharge of high temperature gas from the pressure relief valve 600 .
  • an inner plate is provided inside the box body 10 , and a space for accommodating the pressure relief valve 600 is formed between the inner plate and the side plates of the box body 10 to facilitate the installation of the pressure relief valve 600 .
  • the gas channel has only one outlet, and the outlet leads to the pressure relief valve 600 on the side wall of the box body 10 .
  • both ends of the gas passage can be used for high-temperature gas discharge, and accordingly, pressure relief valves 600 can also be provided on the two side plates opposite to the two outlets.
  • the pressure relief valve 600 is screwed on the side wall of the box body 10, and can be opened automatically when the high-temperature gas in the second chamber reaches a certain pressure.
  • the overflowing high-temperature gas can melt the PET film at the bottom, and then the high-temperature gas flows out of the first cavity through the vent 310 below the cell 400 , and flows along the gas
  • the channel diverges within the second volume, allowing discharge from the pressure relief valve 600 .
  • the high temperature gas in the thermal runaway of the battery pack can be quickly discharged out of the battery box 1, which can effectively prevent the high temperature gas from spreading to other battery cells 400 when a single battery cell 400 is thermally runaway, causing the other battery cells 400 to also have thermal runaway, effectively preventing Damage to the entire battery pack, high safety.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池包。该电池包包括电池箱、多个电芯、绝缘膜和泄压阀。电池箱包括箱体和第一箱盖，箱体内设有第一容腔，第一箱盖和箱体密封连接形成第二容腔。多个电芯固定在第一容腔。在箱体的底板上开设有通气口，绝缘膜铺设于电芯和底板之间，用于封住通气口，电芯热失控时产生的高温气体能够从第一容腔通过通气口进入第二容腔。泄压阀设置在箱体的侧壁上，第二容腔的高温气体能够通过泄压阀排出。

Description

电池包
本申请要求在2021年11月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202122880878.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，例如涉及一种电池包。
背景技术
采用动力电池作为电动汽车的动力来源已经十分普遍，作为电动汽车的核心部件，电池关乎车辆的安全。对于电池来说，最大的维护就是电池的热失控，严重的热失控现象会导致电池发生自燃，当电池热失控到达一定温度之后，会导致电池内部温度急剧上升，进而发生爆炸事故。由此可见，对于动力电池而言，热失控是十分严重的安全事故，直接威胁车辆和用户的安全，因此，针对热失控采取一定的安全措施是十分重要的。
相关技术中，动力电池的圆柱电芯通常采用塑胶支架来定位和绝缘，然后，将安装在金属箱体内，并且电池的箱体内只有一个密闭的容腔，电芯没有单独的泄压通道。当电池包只有一个密闭容腔时，单个电芯发生热失控，高温气体会充满整个容腔，不能有效及时排出高温气体，造成整个电池系统热失控，安全性能较差。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电池包，该电池包能够迅速排出电芯热失控时产生的高温气体，有效防止电池包发生爆炸。
本申请实施例提供一种电池包，包括：
电池箱，包括箱体和第一箱盖，所述箱体内设有第一容腔；所述第一箱盖与所述箱体密封连接形成第二容腔；
多个电芯，多个所述电芯固定在所述第一容腔；
绝缘膜，所述箱体的底板上设置有通气口，所述绝缘膜铺设于所述电芯与所述底板之间，用于封住所述通气口，所述电芯热失控时产生的高温气体能够融化所述绝缘膜并从所述第一容腔通过所述通气口进入所述第二容腔；
泄压阀，所述泄压阀设置在所述箱体的侧壁上，所述第二容腔的高温气体能够通过所述泄压阀排出。
在一实施例中，所述绝缘膜为PET膜。
在一实施例中，所述绝缘膜与所述箱体的底板固定连接。
在一实施例中，所述通气口的数量为多个，多个所述通气口的位置与多个所述电芯的位置一一对应。
在一实施例中，多个所述电芯与多个所述通气口均沿所述箱体的长度方向呈列排布，在所述底板的外侧，相邻两列所述通气口之间设有凸肋，以形成气体通道。
在一实施例中，所述泄压阀位于所述气体通道出口前方的所述箱体的侧壁上。
在一实施例中，多个所述电芯通过胶水固定粘接。
在一实施例中，所述第一箱盖与所述箱体之间设置有第一密封条。
在一实施例中，所述箱体包括第二箱盖和壳体，所述第二箱盖与所述壳体之间密封连接。
在一实施例中，所述第二箱盖与所述壳体之间设置有第二密封条。
本申请的有益效果：
本申请提供的电池包通过在箱体内设置第一容腔，可以将电芯设置在第一容腔内，并通过箱体和箱盖密封连接形成第二容腔，在箱体的底板上设置通气口，并在底板上铺设绝缘膜，电芯热失控时产生的高温气体可将绝缘膜融化，从而高温气体通过通气口从第一容腔扩散到第二容腔，进而第二容腔的高温气体再从泄压阀排出。该电池包能够迅速排出电芯热失控时产生的高温气体，防止电池包发生爆炸。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的电池包的爆炸图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的壳体的结构示意图。
图中：
1、电池箱；10、箱体；101、底板；100、第一箱盖；200、第二箱盖；300、壳体；310、通气口；320、凸肋；400、电芯；500、绝缘膜；600、泄压阀；700、第二密封条；800、第一密封条。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。其中，术语“第一位置”和“第二位置”为两个不同的位置，而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请。
图1所示为本实施例提供的电池包的结构示意图，参见图1，该电池包包括电池箱1、多个电芯400、绝缘膜500和泄压阀600。电池箱1包括箱体10和第一箱盖100，箱体10内设有第一容腔，第一箱盖100密封连接于箱体10的底部并与箱体10形成第二容腔。多个电芯400固定在第一容腔。在箱体的底板上开设有通气口310，绝缘膜500铺设于电芯400和底板101之间，用于封住通气口310，电芯400热失控时产生的高温气体能够从第一容腔通过通气口310进入第二容腔。泄压阀600设置在箱体10的侧壁上，第二容腔的高温气体能够通过泄压阀600排出。
上述电池包通过在箱体10内设置第一容腔，可以将电芯400设置在第一容腔内，并通过箱体10和箱盖密封连接形成第二容腔，在箱体10的底板101上设置通气口310，并在底板101上铺设绝缘膜500，电芯400热失控时产生的高 温气体可将绝缘膜500融化，从而高温气体通过通气口310从第一容腔扩散到第二容腔，进而第二容腔的高温气体再从泄压阀600排出。该电池包能够迅速排出电芯400热失控时产生的高温气体，防止电池包发生爆炸。
继续参见图1，本实施例中，第一箱盖100为一个平板结构，第一箱盖100连接于箱体10的下方，与箱体10之间可采用铆接、粘接或焊接等连接方式。为增加第一箱盖100和箱体10之间的密封性，可在第一箱盖100和箱体10的连接处设置第一密封条800，当然，也可采用胶水等其他方式增加密封性。本实施例中，箱体10大致呈长方体结构，箱体10包括壳体300和第二箱盖200，壳体300和第二箱盖200密封连接，壳体300和第二箱盖200的开口边缘处均设有翻边，壳体300和第二箱盖200连接时，翻边互相切贴合，连接方式可以为铆接、粘接或焊接等。可选地，在壳体300和第二箱盖200的连接处设置第二密封条700或涂覆胶水来增加箱体10的密封性。可选地，本实施例中的绝缘膜500为PET膜，PET膜具有良好的气密性，能够保证在电芯400正常使用情况下，封住通气口310，保证第一容腔的密封性，第一容腔和第二容腔互不导通。当电芯400热失控发生时，电芯400温度过高，PET膜能够融化，从而使第一容腔通过通气口310和第二容腔连通。可选地，PET膜和箱体10的底板101固定连接，可通过冷压或类似工艺覆盖在箱体10的底板101上，防止PET膜在箱体10内移动。
示例性地，多个电芯400通过胶水固定粘接在一起，本实施例中，将电池放入箱体10后，向第一容腔内灌封一定深度的胶水，从而使多个电芯400和箱体10的侧壁以及电芯400下方的PET膜均粘接在一起，达到电芯400稳固固定的目的，采用胶水将电芯400和箱体10安装固定，无需塑胶支架，生产工艺简单。
示例性地，底板101上的通气口310设置有多个，每个通气口310的位置和电芯400的位置一一对应，从而当一个电芯400发生热失控时，该电芯400下方的PET膜首先融化，高温气体迅速从该电芯400下方的通气口310扩散到第二容腔，以此防止单个电芯400热失控时，高温气体蔓延到其他电芯400，对其他电芯400造成影响，从而有效避免整个电池包的损坏。可以理解地，通气口310可以为圆形、方形或其他形状，在本实施例中，通气口310为圆形，其直径大小小于电芯400的直径，从而对电芯400起到支撑作用，电芯400不会从通气口310掉入第二容腔中。
参见图2，多个电芯400与多个通气口310沿箱体10的长度方向呈列排布在底板101上，相邻的两列通气口310之间设置有凸肋320。凸肋320的设置将多个通气口310按列隔开，形成气体通道，为流向第二容腔内的高温气体起到 导向作用，防止单个电芯400发生热失控时，高温气体扩散到整个第二容腔，导致其他电芯400升温，同时，缩短高温气体的排放路径，有利于高温气体快速从泄压阀600排出。可选地，当第一箱盖100和箱体10连接后，凸肋320和第一箱盖100抵接，从而能够更好地防止高温气体向整个第二容腔四散，利于高温气体快速排出。凸肋320可以与壳体300一体成型或粘接于壳体300的底板101上，当然也可以采用其他的连接方式。在本实施例中，电芯400设置有六列，相应地，通气口310设置有六列，凸肋320设置有五条，在其他实施例中，电芯400、通气口310及凸肋320的数量可以按根据实际需要进行设置。
可以理解地，应将泄压阀600设置在气体通道出口前方的箱体10侧壁上，从而方便高温气体从泄压阀600排出。继续参见图2，为了设置泄压阀600，箱体10内设置有内侧板，内侧板和箱体10的侧板之间形成容纳泄压阀600的空间，方便泄压阀600的安装。在本实施例中，气体通道只有一个出口，该出口通向箱体10侧壁的泄压阀600。在其他实施例中，气体通道的两端都可以用于高温气体排出，相应地，也可以在两个出口相对的两个侧板上均设置泄压阀600。可选地，泄压阀600螺纹连接于箱体10的侧壁上，当第二腔室内的高温气体达到一定压力时，可自动打开。
上述电池包在某个电芯400发生热失控时，所溢出的高温气体能够将其底部的PET膜融化，进而高温气体通过该电芯400下方的通气口310流出第一容腔，并沿气体通道在第二容腔内扩散，进行从泄压阀600排出。该电池包热失控时的高温气体能够快速排出电池箱1外，能够有效防止单个电芯400热失控时，高温气体蔓延到其他电芯400，造成其他电芯400也一同发生热失控，有效防止整个电池包的损坏，安全性高。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池包，包括：
    电池箱(1)，包括箱体(10)和第一箱盖(100)，所述箱体(10)内设有第一容腔；所述第一箱盖(100)与所述箱体(10)密封连接形成第二容腔；
    多个电芯(400)，多个所述电芯(400)固定在所述第一容腔；
    绝缘膜(500)，所述箱体(10)的底板(101)上设置有通气口(310)，所述绝缘膜(500)铺设于所述电芯(400)与所述底板(101)之间，用于封住所述通气口(310)，所述电芯(400)热失控时产生的高温气体能够融化所述绝缘膜(500)并从所述第一容腔通过所述通气口(310)进入所述第二容腔；
    泄压阀(600)，所述泄压阀(600)设置在所述箱体(10)的侧壁上，所述第二容腔的高温气体能够通过所述泄压阀(600)排出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述绝缘膜(500)为PET膜。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述绝缘膜(500)与所述底板(101)固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述通气口(310)的数量为多个，多个所述通气口(310)的位置与多个所述电芯(400)的位置一一对应。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池包，其中，多个所述电芯(400)与多个所述通气口(310)均沿所述箱体(10)的长度方向呈列排布，在所述底板(101)的外侧，相邻两列所述通气口(310)之间设有凸肋(320)，以形成气体通道。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池包，其中，所述泄压阀(600)位于所述气体通道出口前方的所述箱体(10)的侧壁上。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池包，其中，多个所述电芯(400)通过胶水固定粘接。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池包，其中，所述第一箱盖(100)与所述箱体(10)之间设置有第一密封条(800)。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(10)包括第二箱盖(200)和壳体(300)，所述第二箱盖(200)与所述壳体(300)之间密封连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池包，其中，所述第二箱盖(200)与所述壳体(300)之间设置有第二密封条(700)。
PCT/CN2022/127546 2021-11-23 2022-10-26 电池包 WO2023093432A1 (zh)

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