WO2023087909A1 - 电池包 - Google Patents

电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023087909A1
WO2023087909A1 PCT/CN2022/120722 CN2022120722W WO2023087909A1 WO 2023087909 A1 WO2023087909 A1 WO 2023087909A1 CN 2022120722 W CN2022120722 W CN 2022120722W WO 2023087909 A1 WO2023087909 A1 WO 2023087909A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure relief
lower casing
top cover
battery pack
space
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/120722
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李凡
黄莹
陈朝海
陈智伟
张腾飞
饶焰
王鸿鹄
Original Assignee
湖北亿纬动力有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 filed Critical 湖北亿纬动力有限公司
Publication of WO2023087909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023087909A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/358—External gas exhaust passages located on the battery cover or case
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, for example, to a battery pack.
  • the present application provides a battery pack, in which each battery cell has an independent pressure relief channel, and the thermal runaway gas can be discharged out of the battery pack immediately, with high structural strength and safety.
  • a battery pack comprising:
  • a box body, one side of the box body is provided with a general pressure relief valve
  • the battery support is arranged in the box, and the battery support divides the box into an installation space and a pressure relief space.
  • the general pressure relief valve can communicate with the pressure relief space.
  • the battery support There are multiple pressure relief channels on the top;
  • a plurality of electric cores are located in the installation space and arranged in a plurality of the pressure relief channels one by one.
  • a pressure relief valve is provided at the lower end of each of the electric cores, and each of the pressure relief valves can pass through the corresponding The pressure relief channel communicates with the pressure relief space.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the assembled battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a first schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a second schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a third schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • a first feature being "on” or “under” a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “under” the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.
  • this embodiment provides a battery pack, which includes a box body 1, a battery cell support 3 and a number of battery cells 4, one side of the box body 1 is provided with a general pressure relief valve 2, the battery
  • the core support 3 is arranged in the box body 1, and the cell support 3 divides the inside of the box body 1 into an installation space 100 and a pressure relief space 200.
  • the total pressure relief valve 2 can communicate with the pressure relief space 200, and the cell support 3 is provided with A plurality of pressure relief channels 30; a number of electric cores 4 are located in the installation space 100 and arranged in a plurality of pressure relief channels 30 one by one.
  • each electric core 4 is provided with a pressure relief valve, and each pressure relief valve is It can communicate with the pressure relief space 200 through the corresponding pressure relief channel 30 .
  • each pressure relief valve is It can communicate with the pressure relief space 200 through the corresponding pressure relief channel 30 .
  • the battery cell bracket 3 provides positioning and fixing for the battery cell 4 and improves the structural strength of the battery pack at the same time. And under the above structure, after each pressure relief channel 30 is loaded with batteries 4, the installation space 100 and the pressure relief space 200 are closed.
  • each The pressure relief valve at the lower end of the cell 4 is passively opened, and at this time the pressure relief valve communicates with the corresponding pressure relief channel 30 , that is, communicates with the pressure relief space 200 .
  • All cells 4 that have experienced thermal runaway discharge the thermal runaway gas to the pressure relief space 200 separately.
  • the air pressure in the pressure relief space 200 reaches the threshold of the main pressure relief valve 2, it is discharged uniformly by the main pressure relief valve 2, and the pressure relief space
  • the thermal runaway gas in the 200 will not flow into the installation space 100 to affect other battery cells 4 . Timely control the spread of thermal runaway, reduce the impact of thermal runaway, and avoid thermal runaway of the entire battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • the pressure relief channel 30 is a stepped hole, and the lower end of the battery cell 4 abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped hole.
  • the pressure relief channel 30 is provided through from top to bottom on the battery support 3, and it includes a connected large hole section and a small hole section.
  • the upper end of the core support 3, the small hole section is close to the lower end of the electric core support 3, the aperture of the large hole section is greater than the aperture of the small hole section, and the large hole section and the small hole section are coaxially arranged.
  • each cell 4 is sealed and connected to the big end of the corresponding stepped hole. Improve the sealing of the battery cell 4 and the step hole, avoid airflow communication between the pressure relief space 200 and the installation space 100, cause thermal runaway gas to flow back into the installation space 100 and affect other normal battery cells 4, and improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • the cell 4 is connected to the pressure relief channel 30 through the cell seal 8, for example, the cell seal 8 is structural adhesive.
  • the battery cell 4 and the pressure relief channel 30 can also be sealed and fixed by other battery cell seals 8 , such as sealing rubber strips and the like.
  • the box body 1 includes a top cover 12 and a lower casing 11, the top cover 12 is arranged on the upper port of the lower casing 11, the general pressure relief valve 2 is arranged on the bottom wall of the lower casing 11, and the cell support 3 is arranged on the lower
  • a pressure relief space 200 is formed in the housing 11 and between the bottom wall, and an installation space 100 is formed between the top cover 12 .
  • the general pressure relief valve 2 is arranged on the convex hull structure of the bottom wall of the lower casing 11, so as to avoid affecting the installation of the battery pack at the bottom;
  • the uncontrolled gas causes damage to structures around the battery pack, etc.
  • a collection integrated part (Cells Contact System, CCS) component 7 battery management system
  • the CCS component 7 is connected between the top cover 12 and the poles of a plurality of electric cells 4, because the CCS component 7 It is a relatively mature related technology in the battery field, so details will not be repeated here.
  • the general pressure relief valve 2 is recessed toward the box body 1, so as to avoid affecting the installation of the entire battery pack and improve the flatness and aesthetics of the surface of the battery pack.
  • the cell 4 is fixed by the cell bracket 3, the cell bracket 3 adopts a plastic bracket, and the plastic bracket plays an insulating role to prevent the cell 4 from contacting with other unnecessary electrical components. Connected parts conduct electricity and cause potential safety hazards, etc. Moreover, the plastic bracket is easy to process, has low cost and light weight, and can increase the specific energy of the battery pack. In order to improve the stability of the battery cell 4 and the structural strength of the battery pack, as shown in FIG.
  • the pressure relief valve of the battery cell 4 can communicate with the corresponding pressure relief hole 50 .
  • the cell support 3 and the tray 5 are fixedly connected by structural glue.
  • the connection between the cell support 3 and the tray 5 is made firm by means of structural glue, and the gap is reduced to prevent thermal runaway gas from entering between the cell support 3 and the tray 5 and causing damage.
  • the tray 5 increases the stability and structural strength of the cell support 3 and avoids its deformation, thereby improving the structural strength of the battery pack.
  • the tray 5 is provided with pressure relief holes 50 corresponding to the stepped holes one by one, when the thermal runaway of the battery cell 4 occurs, the pressure relief valve at the lower end of the battery cell 4 discharges the thermal runaway gas in the battery cell 4 and passes through the small end of the stepped hole. And the pressure relief hole 50 enters the pressure relief space 200 .
  • the diameter of the pressure relief hole 50 is equal to the diameter of the small end of the corresponding stepped hole, and they are directly connected to each other.
  • the tray 5 is a metal tray, such as a cast aluminum tray, which improves the structural strength while increasing the specific energy of the battery pack.
  • the tray 5 can also be made of other metals to improve the structural strength, making the cell bracket 3 and the cell 4 more stable, and improving the overall strength of the battery pack.
  • both sides of the tray 5 are provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 51 to further improve the structural strength and stability of the tray 5 .
  • the rib 51 on the side of the tray 5 close to the bottom wall is sealed and connected with the bottom wall through the pressure relief chamber seal 9, and the pressure relief space 200 is divided into a plurality of pressure relief chambers 201, and each pressure relief chamber 201 At least one general pressure relief valve 2 is arranged on the bottom wall of each.
  • the pressure relief chamber seal 9 may be structural glue.
  • each pressure relief chamber 201 corresponds to a part of the electric core 4, and the thermal runaway gas discharged from the thermal runaway of this part of the electric core 4 is discharged into the pressure relief chamber 201, and the thermal runaway gas discharged from the other electric cores 4
  • the gas is discharged into the corresponding pressure relief chamber 201 , and when a certain amount of thermal runaway gas in a single pressure relief chamber 201 accumulates, it can be discharged in time to avoid accumulation in the pressure relief space 200 .
  • the pressure relief pressure of each general pressure relief valve 2 is reduced, so as to avoid the discharge of more thermal runaway gas, which will cause damage to the general pressure relief valve 2, and even cause damage to the entire battery pack.
  • the three reinforcing ribs 51 there are three reinforcing ribs 51 on the side of the tray 5 close to the bottom wall, and the three reinforcing ribs 51 are spaced apart and evenly arranged in parallel.
  • the three reinforcing ribs 51 divide the pressure relief space 200 into four pressure relief chambers 201, each A general pressure relief valve 2 is arranged on the corresponding bottom wall of the pressure relief chamber 201 .
  • Improve the pressure relief efficiency and pressure relief safety When the thermal runaway of the battery cell 4 in a certain area occurs, the thermal runaway gas can be directly discharged from the corresponding pressure relief chamber 201, so as to avoid the thermal runaway of the battery cell 4 located in the corner.
  • the process of runaway gas in the battery pack is longer, thereby reducing the impact of thermal runaway gas on the temperature in the battery pack and improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack also includes a cooling device, which is arranged in the box body 1 , and the cooling device is used for cooling the battery cells 4 .
  • the cooling device includes several cooling pipes 61 , and the battery cells 4 are arranged in an array, at least one cooling pipe 61 is arranged between every two rows of battery cells 4 .
  • At least one cooling pipe 61 is arranged between every two rows of battery cells 4, so that each row of battery cells 4 can be cooled by a cooling pipe 61, so as to ensure the normal operation of each battery cell 4 and make the temperature distribution in the battery pack even.
  • every adjacent three cooling pipes 61 are connected in parallel to form a cooling pipe group 6, one end of the cooling pipe group 6 is provided with a liquid inlet 62, and the other end is provided with a liquid outlet 63, and two cooling pipes 61 are formed between Ring structure, two rows of battery cores 4 are arranged between each ring structure; and two rows of battery cells 4 are arranged between every two adjacent cooling tube groups 6 .
  • one cooling tube group 6 cools six rows of battery cells 4, and each row of battery cells 4 can be in contact with the wall of a cooling tube 61, so that the cooling tube 61 can cool each battery cell 4 evenly. Improves uniformity of temperature distribution throughout the battery pack.
  • the arrangement of the cooling pipes 61 can be designed according to actual requirements.
  • the cooling pipe 61 is in a wave shape, and the cell 4 is a cylindrical cell, and the cylindrical cell is adapted to the wavy arc of the cooling tube 61, so that the contact area between each cell 4 and the cooling tube 61 is the largest, thereby improving cooling efficiency , to improve the safety of the battery pack.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开一种电池包。该电池包包括箱体、电芯支架和若干电芯。所述箱体的一面设置有总泄压阀；所述电芯支架设置于所述箱体内，所述电芯支架将所述箱体内分隔为安装空间和泄压空间，所述总泄压阀可与所述泄压空间连通，所述电芯支架上设置有多个泄压通槽；多个所述电芯位于所述安装空间并一一对应设置于多个所述泄压通槽，每个所述电芯的下端设置有泄压阀，每个所述泄压阀可通过对应的所述泄压通槽与所述泄压空间连通。

Description

电池包
本申请要求在2021年11月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为202122833366.5受理的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，例如涉及一种电池包。
背景技术
目前，圆柱电芯大多通过小模组的方式成组，成组后电芯通过螺栓紧固在电池箱内。相关技术中的电池箱中，电池箱内只有一个密闭腔体，所有电芯没有单独的泄压通道。当某一个或多个电芯发生热失控时，电芯排出的高温气体会扩散填充至整个电池包的密闭腔体，对其它未发生热失控的电芯造成影响，甚至会造成整个电池系统的热失控，从而造成较大的电池热失控事故甚至造成人员受伤等。
发明内容
基于以上所述，本申请提供一种电池包，其中每个电芯都具有独立的泄压通道，热失控气体能够第一时间排出电池包外，结构强度和安全性均较高。
本申请采用以下技术方案：
一种电池包，包括：
箱体，所述箱体的一面设置有总泄压阀；
电芯支架，设置于所述箱体内，所述电芯支架将所述箱体内分隔为安装空间和泄压空间，所述总泄压阀可与所述泄压空间连通，所述电芯支架上设置有多个泄压通槽；
多个电芯，位于所述安装空间并一一对应设置于多个所述泄压通槽，每个所述电芯的下端设置有泄压阀，每个所述泄压阀可通过对应的所述泄压通槽与所述泄压空间连通。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的电池包装配完成后的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的电池包的爆炸图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的电池包的部分结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的电池包的内部结构示意图一；
图5是本申请实施例提供的电池包的内部结构示意图二；
图6是本申请实施例提供的电池包的内部结构示意图三。
图中：
100、安装空间；200、泄压空间；201、泄压腔室；1、箱体；11、下壳体；12、顶盖；2、总泄压阀；3、电芯支架；30、泄压通槽；4、电芯；5、托盘；50、泄压孔；51、加强筋；6、冷却管组；61、冷却管；62、进液口；63、出液口；7、CCS组件；8、电芯密封件；9、泄压腔室密封件。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本申请，而非对本申请的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本申请相关的部分而非全部结构。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅仅用于在描述上加以区分，并没有特殊的含义。
如图1至图3所示，本实施例提供一种电池包，该电池包包括箱体1、电芯支架3和若干电芯4，箱体1的一面设置有总泄压阀2，电芯支架3设置于箱体1内，电芯支架3将箱体1内分隔为安装空间100和泄压空间200，总泄压阀2能够与泄压空间200连通，电芯支架3 上设置有多个泄压通槽30；若干电芯4位于安装空间100并一一对应设置于多个泄压通槽30，每个电芯4的下端均设置有泄压阀，每个泄压阀均能够通过对应的泄压通槽30与泄压空间200连通。通过将电芯支架3设置在箱体1内，使得箱体1内形成两部分，一部分为安装空间100，另一部分为泄压空间200，且在电芯支架3上设置有多个泄压通槽30。电芯支架3为电芯4提供了定位固定作用，同时提高了电池包的结构强度。且在上述结构下，每个泄压通槽30装载电芯4后，安装空间100与泄压空间200之间闭合，当某个电芯4或多个电芯4发生热失控时，每个电芯4下端的泄压阀被动打开，此时泄压阀与相对应的泄压通槽30连通，即与泄压空间200连通。所有发生热失控的电芯4均将热失控气体单独排至泄压空间200，当泄压空间200内的气压达到总泄压阀2阈值时，由总泄压阀2统一排出，泄压空间200内的热失控气体不会流至安装空间100影响其它电芯4。及时控制住热失控的蔓延，减小热失控影响，避免造成电池包整包热失控，从而提高电池包的安全性。
例如，泄压通槽30为台阶孔，电芯4的下端抵接于所述台阶孔的台阶面。泄压通槽30在电芯支架3上从上至下贯穿设置，其包括连通的大孔段和小孔段，大孔段与小孔段的连接处形成有台阶面，大孔段靠近电芯支架3的上端，小孔段靠近电芯支架3的下端，大孔段的孔径大于小孔段的孔径，大孔段和小孔段同轴设置。
本实施例中，每个电芯4与相应的台阶孔的大端密封连接。提高电芯4与台阶孔的密封性，避免泄压空间200与安装空间100之间出现气流连通情况，导致热失控气体倒流进安装空间100影响其它正常电芯4，提高电池包的安全性。示例性地，电芯4通过电芯密封件8连接于泄压通槽30处，例如电芯密封件8为结构胶。当然，在其它实施例中，电芯4与泄压通槽30还可以通过其它电芯密封件8密封固定，例如密封胶条等。
例如，箱体1包括顶盖12和下壳体11，顶盖12设置于下壳体11的上端口，总泄压阀2设置于下壳体11的底壁，电芯支架3设置于下壳体11内并与底壁之间形成泄压空间200，与顶盖12之间形成安装空间100。在装配电池包时，只需依次将电池包内部结构安装至下壳体11中，最后再盖设固定顶盖12即可，便于电池包的装配以及提高电池包的外观完整度。本实施例中，总泄压阀2设置在下壳体11底壁的凸包结构上，避免影响电池包的底部安装；且使得热失控气体能够从箱体1的底部直接向下排出，避免热失控气体对电池包周围的结构等造成损伤等。例如，电池包内还设置有采集集成件(Cells Contact System，CCS)组件7(电池管理系统)，CCS组件7连接在顶盖12和多个电芯4的极柱之间，由于CCS组件7在电池领域是较为成熟的相关技术，因此，在此不再一一赘述。
例如，总泄压阀2朝箱体1内凹，避免影响电池包的整包安装，提高电池包表面的平整度和美观度。
本实施例中，如图2、图4和图5所示，电芯4通过电芯支架3固定，电芯支架3采用塑胶支架，塑胶支架起绝缘作用，避免电芯4与其它不必要电连接的零部件导电导致安全隐患等。且塑胶支架易于加工、成本较低，重量较轻，能够提高电池包的比能量。为了提高电芯4的稳定性和电池包的结构强度，如图6所示，该电池包还包括托盘5，托盘5连接于电芯支架3并位于靠近总泄压阀2的一侧，托盘5和下壳体11的底壁之间形成泄压空间200，托盘5上开设有多个连通于泄压空间200的泄压孔50，多个泄压孔50一一对应连通于多个台阶孔的小端，电芯4的泄压阀能够连通于相应的泄压孔50。例如，电芯支架3和托盘5之间通过结构胶固定连接。通过结构胶连接使得电芯支架3和托盘5之间连接牢固，且减小间隙，避免热失控气体进入电芯支架3和托盘5之间造成损坏等。托盘5增加了电芯支架3的稳定性和结构强度，避免其变形等，从而提高电池包的结构强度。由于托盘5上设置有与台阶孔一一对应设置的泄压孔50，当电芯4发生热失控时，电芯4下端的泄压阀排出电芯4内的热失控气体，并经由台阶孔小端和泄压孔50进入泄压空间200。例如，泄压孔50的直径与相对应的台阶孔小端直径相等，且正对连接。
例如，托盘5为金属托盘，例如为铸铝托盘，提高结构强度的同时提高电池包的比能量。当然，托盘5也可以由其它金属制成，提高结构强度，使得电芯支架3更为稳固以及电芯4更为稳固，提高电池包的整体强度。例如，托盘5的两面均设置有多个加强筋51，进一步提高托盘5的结构强度和稳定性。
例如，托盘5靠近底壁的一面的加强筋51通过泄压腔室密封件9与底壁密封连接，将泄压空间200分为多个泄压腔室201，且每个泄压腔室201的底壁上均设置有至少一个总泄压阀2。泄压腔室密封件9可以为结构胶。在上述结构下，每个泄压腔室201对应部分的电芯4，该部分电芯4热失控排出的热失控气体均排入该泄压腔室201内，其它电芯4排出的热失控气体排入相对应的泄压腔室201内，当单个泄压腔室201内的热失控气体聚集一定量时能够及时排出，避免堆积在泄压空间200。且减小了每个总泄压阀2的泄压压力，避免排出的热失控气体较多而导致总泄压阀2损坏，甚至导致整个电池包造成损坏等。
示例性地，托盘5靠近底壁的一面的加强筋51设置有三条，三条加强筋51间隔且平行均匀设置，三条加强筋51将泄压空间200分隔成四个泄压腔室201，每个泄压腔室201对应的底壁上设置有一个总泄压阀2。提高泄压效率和泄压安全性，当某一区域的电芯4发生热失控时，能够直接由对应的泄压腔室201排出热失控气体，避免位于角落的电芯4热失控时，热失控气体在电池包的流程较长，从而减少热失控气体对电池包内的温度影响，提高电池包的安全性。
例如，如图2和图4所示，该电池包还包括冷却装置，冷却装置设置于箱体1内，冷却 装置用于冷却电芯4。电池包在工作时，电芯4容易发热，通过冷却装置能够对电芯4及时散热冷却，保证电芯4正常工作，提高安全性。例如，冷却装置包括若干冷却管61，电芯4呈陈列设置，至少每两排电芯4之间设置有一个冷却管61。至少每两排电芯4之间设置一个冷却管61，使得每排电芯4均能够被一个冷却管61冷却，保证每个电芯4的正常工作，使得电池包内的温度分布均匀。
示例性地，每相邻三个冷却管61并联形成一个冷却管组6，冷却管组6的一端设置进液口62，另一端设置出液口63，三个冷却管61之间形成两个环状结构，每个环状结构之间围设两排电芯4；且每相邻两个冷却管组6之间设置两排电芯4。在上述结构下，一个冷却管组6对六排电芯4进行冷却，每排电芯4均能够与一个冷却管61壁贴合接触，以使冷却管61对每个电芯4均匀冷却，提高整个电池包内的温度分布均匀性。当然，在其它实施例中，冷却管61的布置可以根据实际需求设计。
例如，冷却管61呈波浪状，电芯4为圆柱电芯，圆柱电芯与冷却管61的波浪弧度相适配，使得每个电芯4与冷却管61的接触面积最大，从而提高冷却效率，提高电池包的安全性。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池包，包括：
    箱体(1)，所述箱体(1)的一面设置有总泄压阀(2)；
    电芯支架(3)，设置于所述箱体(1)内，所述电芯支架(3)将所述箱体(1)内分隔为安装空间(100)和泄压空间(200)，所述总泄压阀(2)可与所述泄压空间(200)连通，所述电芯支架(3)上设置有多个泄压通槽(30)；
    多个电芯(4)，位于所述安装空间(100)并一一对应设置于多个所述泄压通槽(30)，每个所述电芯(4)的下端设置有泄压阀，每个所述泄压阀可通过对应的所述泄压通槽(30)与所述泄压空间(200)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述泄压通槽(30)为台阶孔，所述台阶孔内形成有台阶面，所述电芯(4)的下端抵接于所述台阶孔的所述台阶面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其中，每个所述电芯(4)与相应的所述台阶孔的大端密封胶接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，还包括：
    托盘(5)，连接于所述电芯支架(3)并位于靠近所述总泄压阀(2)的一侧，所述托盘(5)和所述箱体(1)之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，所述托盘(5)上开设有多个连通于所述泄压空间(200)的泄压孔(50)，多个所述泄压孔(50)一一对应连通于多个所述台阶孔的小端，所述电芯(4)的所述泄压阀可连通于相应的所述泄压孔(50)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池包，其中，所述托盘(5)的上端面和下端面分别设置有多个加强筋(51)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池包，其中，所述总泄压阀(2)设置有多个，多个所述总泄压阀(2)间隔设置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池包，其中，所述托盘(5)朝向所述泄压空间(200)的多个所述加强筋(51)分别与所述箱体(1)设置有所述总泄压阀(2)的内壁密封胶接，并将所述泄压空间(200)分为多个泄压腔室(201)，每个所述泄压腔室(201)可至少与一个所述总泄压阀(2)连通。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，还包括：
    冷却装置，设置于所述箱体(1)内，所述冷却装置设置为冷却所述电芯(4)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，其中，所述冷却装置包括多个冷却管(61)，所述电芯(4)呈阵列设置，至少每两排所述电芯(4)之间设置有一个所述冷却管(61)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池包，其中，所述冷却管(61)的管壁呈波浪状，所述电芯(4)为圆柱电芯(4)并与所述冷却管(61)的管壁相适配，每个所述电芯(4)靠近所述 冷却管(61)壁的一侧与所述冷却管(61)壁贴合。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  13. 根据权利要求3所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  14. 根据权利要求4所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  15. 根据权利要求5所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  16. 根据权利要求6所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  17. 根据权利要求7所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  18. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总 泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  19. 根据权利要求9所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
  20. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体(1)包括：
    顶盖(12)和下壳体(11)，所述顶盖(12)设置于所述下壳体(11)的上端口，所述总泄压阀(2)设置于所述下壳体(11)的底壁，所述电芯支架(3)设置于所述下壳体(11)内并与所述底壁之间形成所述泄压空间(200)，与所述顶盖(12)之间形成所述安装空间(100)。
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