WO2023087792A1 - 加工电主轴及数控机床 - Google Patents

加工电主轴及数控机床 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023087792A1
WO2023087792A1 PCT/CN2022/110457 CN2022110457W WO2023087792A1 WO 2023087792 A1 WO2023087792 A1 WO 2023087792A1 CN 2022110457 W CN2022110457 W CN 2022110457W WO 2023087792 A1 WO2023087792 A1 WO 2023087792A1
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Prior art keywords
shaft body
induction coil
electric spindle
machining
machining electric
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PCT/CN2022/110457
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨博会
刘代伟
莫玉麟
黄树有
曾琨
孟萌
Original Assignee
珠海格力智能装备技术研究院有限公司
珠海格力智能装备有限公司
珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023087792A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023087792A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the application relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a machining electric spindle and a numerical control machine tool.
  • CNC machine tool is the industrial mother machine of equipment manufacturing industry, and the machining accuracy of machine tool is an important index to evaluate its performance.
  • the spindle speed is generally constant.
  • vibration marks on the surface of the part will be generated, resulting in a decrease in surface quality.
  • the abnormal vibration is monitored by pasting a displacement sensor on the spindle, and connected to the CNC system for adaptive processing. This method is inefficient, low in precision, complicated in wiring and easily damaged.
  • a processing electric spindle includes: a shaft body, a driving motor, a fixing bracket, an induction coil and a controller.
  • the shaft body is a hollow structure.
  • the drive motor is arranged around the shaft body and is used to drive the shaft body to rotate around its axis.
  • the first end of the fixed bracket is connected with the inner wall of the shaft body, and the second end is suspended in the shaft body.
  • the induction coil is arranged at the second end of the fixing bracket.
  • the controller communicates with the induction coil and the drive motor, and can control the drive motor to adjust the rotation speed when the current generated in the induction coil is greater than a preset value.
  • a damper is provided at the second end of the fixing bracket, and the induction coil is arranged at an end of the damper away from the fixing bracket.
  • the damper is a damping spring.
  • the length direction of the damping spring is the same as the extension direction of the axis of the shaft body.
  • the damping spring is arranged coaxially with the shaft body.
  • the length of the damping spring is greater than the length of the fixing bracket.
  • a counterweight is provided at the end of the vibration-damping spring away from the fixed bracket, and the induction coil is provided on the counterweight.
  • the counterweight is a counterweight iron core
  • the induction coil is wound outside the counterweight iron core.
  • the induction coil is connected to a signal receiver through a circuit, and the signal receiver is communicatively connected to the controller, and can amplify the current signal received from the induction coil and transmit it to the controller.
  • the circuit protrudes from one end of the shaft and is connected to the signal receiver.
  • the present application also provides a numerical control machine tool, including the machining electric spindle.
  • the driving motor when the machine tool is machining workpieces, the driving motor is energized to drive the shaft body to rotate and generate an electromagnetic field at the same time.
  • the shaft As a whole vibrates greatly, and the drive motor and the shaft vibrate together.
  • the magnetic induction lines generated by the driving motor follow the vibration and move back and forth. Since the induction coil is suspended in the air, the induction coil and the magnetic induction lines are opposite to each other. Displacement, that is, cutting the magnetic induction line. At this time, a larger induction current is generated in the induction coil. The greater the intensity of the vibration, the greater the rate and amplitude of cutting the magnetic induction line, and the greater the current generated.
  • control the drive motor to adjust the speed, increase or decrease the speed, and change the vibration frequency of the shaft by adjusting the speed to avoid the resonance point and improve the surface processing accuracy. Since the induction coil is set in the shaft body and is not affected by the external environment, it has high precision and long life, and the controller directly controls the driving motor to fine-tune the shaft speed when the current is generated in the induction coil, which greatly improves the efficiency and does not require complicated wiring. .
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the machining electric spindle provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the shaft shown in Fig. 1 and its internal structure.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the machining electric spindle provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the main shaft is the axis of motion on the CNC machine tool that drives the rotation of the tool or part.
  • the spindle of CNC machine tools can be divided into two categories: mechanical spindle and electric spindle.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a processing electric spindle, including a shaft body 1 , a driving motor 2 , a fixing bracket 3 , an induction coil 4 , and a controller 5 .
  • the shaft body 1 is a hollow structure.
  • the drive motor 2 is arranged around the shaft body 1 for driving the shaft body 1 to rotate around its axis.
  • the first end of the fixed bracket 3 is connected to the inner wall of the shaft body 1, and the second end is suspended in the shaft body 1, that is, a cantilever structure is formed.
  • the induction coil 4 is arranged at the second end of the fixing bracket 3 .
  • the controller 5 communicates with the induction coil 4 and the drive motor 2, and can control the drive motor 2 to adjust the rotation speed when the current generated in the induction coil 4 is greater than a preset value.
  • the drive motor 2 includes a stator, a rotor, and field windings wound on the stator or the rotor.
  • the rotor is fixedly connected with the shaft body 1 .
  • the excitation winding of the drive motor 2 is energized to make the rotor drive the shaft body 1 to rotate, and the excitation winding generates an electromagnetic field at the same time.
  • the resonance phenomenon will occur when the motion frequency of the shaft body 1 is coupled with the natural frequency of the part, causing the shaft body 1 to vibrate greatly as a whole, and the drive motor 2 and the shaft body 1 vibrate together.
  • the excitation winding produces The magnetic field moves back and forth following the vibration.
  • the induction coil 4 Since the induction coil 4 is suspended in the air, the induction coil 4 and the shaft body 1 undergo relative displacement, thereby cutting the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field generated by the excitation winding, resulting in a relatively large induction current in the induction coil 4 .
  • the greater the intensity of the vibration the greater the rate and amplitude of the induction coil 4 cutting the magnetic field lines, and the greater the generated current.
  • the controller 5 controls the drive motor 2 to adjust the speed, adjust the speed up or down, and change the vibration frequency of the shaft body 1 by adjusting the speed to avoid the resonance point and improve the surface finish. purpose of precision.
  • the controller 5 directly controls the driving motor 2 to fine-tune the speed of the shaft body 1 when the current is generated in the induction coil 4, which greatly improves the efficiency , and does not require complex wiring.
  • a damper is provided at the second end of the fixing bracket 3 , and the induction coil 4 is arranged at an end of the damper away from the fixing bracket 3 .
  • the damper can absorb part of the vibration of the shaft body 1 and reduce the damage to the induction coil 4.
  • the setting of the damper can make the induction coil 4 move in different directions, so that the induction coil 4 can cut the magnetic induction.
  • the wire generates current.
  • no damper may be provided, and the induction coil 4 is directly provided at the second end of the fixing bracket 3 .
  • the damper is a damping spring 6 .
  • the vibration-damping spring 6 can reduce vibration well and reduce damage to the induction coil 4 .
  • the damper may be an elastic block such as a rubber block or a silica gel block.
  • the vibration damping spring 6 is arranged horizontally in the shaft body 1 , and the length direction of the vibration damping spring 6 is the direction of the axis of the shaft body 1 .
  • the damping spring 6 since the damping spring 6 is arranged in the shaft body 1, and the length direction of the damping spring 6 is the extension direction of the axis of the shaft body 1, it can be ensured that the induction coil 4 can move along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the shaft body 1. The direction of movement, thereby cutting the lines of magnetic induction, resulting in induced current.
  • the damping spring 6 can also be arranged in the shaft body 1 obliquely or vertically.
  • the damping spring 6 is arranged coaxially with the shaft body 1 .
  • the length of the damping spring 6 is greater than the length of the fixing bracket 3 .
  • the end of the damping spring 6 away from the fixed bracket 3 is provided with a counterweight, and the induction coil 4 is provided on the counterweight.
  • the inertia is increased, so as to ensure that when the shaft body 1 and the drive motor 2 vibrate together, the induction coil 4 remains at the original position due to inertia, so as to be compatible with the vibration generated by the drive motor 2
  • the lines of magnetic field move relative to each other.
  • the counterweight is a counterweight iron core 7 , and the induction coil 4 is wound outside the counterweight iron core 7 .
  • the weight of the iron core is relatively large, and the inertia is relatively large, so as to ensure that when the shaft body 1 and the drive motor 2 vibrate together, the induction coil 4 remains at the original position due to inertia, so as to be compatible with the vibration generated by the drive motor 2
  • the lines of magnetic field move relative to each other.
  • the counterweight may also be a copper block, a stainless steel block, or the like.
  • the induction coil 4 is connected to the signal receiver 9 through the circuit 8 , and the signal receiver 9 is communicatively connected to the controller 5 , and can amplify the current signal received from the induction coil 4 and transmit it to the controller 5 .
  • the signal receiver 9 by providing the signal receiver 9, the current signal received from the induction coil 4 can be amplified, thereby ensuring control accuracy.
  • the signal receiver 9 may not be provided, and the induction coil 4 is directly connected to the controller 5 .
  • the circuit 8 protrudes from one end of the shaft body 1 and is connected to a signal receiver 9 .
  • the wiring method is simple, and there will be no interference with the circuit 8 when the shaft body 1 rotates.
  • the machining electric spindle provided in this embodiment further includes a headstock 10 , and the shaft body 1 and the driving motor 2 are both located in the headstock 10 .
  • the machining electric spindle provided in this embodiment, when the machine tool is machining workpieces, the driving motor 2 is energized to drive the shaft body 1 to rotate and generate an electromagnetic field at the same time.
  • the shaft body 1 as a whole generates a large vibration, and the driving motor 2 vibrates with the shaft body 1. At this time, the magnetic induction lines generated by the driving motor 2 move back and forth following the vibration.
  • the induction coil 4 achieves greater mass through the counterweight iron core 7, and the greater mass has greater inertia, while the damping spring acts as a damper, and the induction coil 4 undergoes relative displacement with the magnetic field line under the action of inertia and damping , that is, cutting the magnetic induction line, at this time, an induced current is generated in the induction coil 4 and received by the signal receiver 9 through the circuit 8 .
  • the signal receiver 9 preliminarily processes the received electrical signal, amplifies the signal, and then sends the signal to the controller 5.
  • the controller 5 judges whether the rotation speed of the shaft body 1 needs to be adjusted through signal processing, and sends a command to the drive motor 2 to directly Adjust the speed.
  • the induction coil 4 cuts the magnetic induction line to generate an induced current.
  • the greater the vibration intensity the greater the cutting speed and amplitude of the magnetic induction line, and the greater the generated current.
  • the signal receiver 9 Different from the current received by the controller 5 through identification, it can judge whether the speed needs to be adjusted and how to adjust the speed. By adjusting the speed, the vibration frequency of the shaft body 1 can be changed to avoid the resonance point and improve the surface processing accuracy.
  • This embodiment provides a numerically controlled machine tool, including the machining electric spindle provided in the above embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及数控机床技术领域，具体涉及一种加工电主轴及数控机床，加工电主轴，包括：轴体、驱动电机、固定支架、感应线圈及控制器。轴体为中空结构。驱动电机环绕设在所述轴体外，用于驱动所述轴体绕其轴线旋转。固定支架的第一端与所述轴体的内壁相连，第二端悬空在所述轴体内。感应线圈设置在所述固定支架的第二端处。控制器与所述感应线圈及所述驱动电机通信连接，能够在所述感应线圈中产生的电流大于预设值时控制所述驱动电机调节转速。

Description

加工电主轴及数控机床
相关申请
本申请要求2021年11月19日申请的，申请号为202111389924.1，名称为“加工电主轴及数控机床”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及数控机床技术领域，具体涉及一种加工电主轴及数控机床。
背景技术
数控机床是装备制造业的工业母机，机床的加工精度是评价其性能的重要指标。数控机床加工复杂零件时主轴速度一般恒定，有时会因切削振动频率和零件固有频率耦合而产生零件表面振纹，导致表面质量降低，还容易形成应力集中区域，导致零件疲劳断裂，极大降低复杂零件良品率和使用寿命。目前有通过在主轴上粘贴位移传感器来监测异常振动，连线至数控系统进行自适应加工，该方法效率低下、精度不高，接线复杂且容易损坏。
发明内容
本申请提供的一种加工电主轴，包括：轴体、驱动电机、固定支架、感应线圈及控制器。轴体为中空结构。驱动电机环绕设在所述轴体外，用于驱动所述轴体绕其轴线旋转。固定支架的第一端与所述轴体的内壁相连，第二端悬空在所述轴体内。感应线圈设置在所述固定支架的第二端处。控制器与所述感应线圈及所述驱动电机通信连接，能够在所述感应线圈中产生的电流大于预设值时控制所述驱动电机调节转速。
可选地，所述固定支架的第二端设有阻尼器，所述感应线圈设在所述阻尼器的远离所述固定支架的一端。
可选地，所述阻尼器为减振弹簧。
可选地，所述减振弹簧的长度方向与所述轴体的轴线的延伸方向相同。
可选地，所述减振弹簧与所述轴体同轴设置。
可选地，所述减振弹簧的长度大于所述固定支架的长度。
可选地，所述减振弹簧的远离所述固定支架的一端设有配重块，所述感应线圈设在所述配重块上。
可选地，所述配重块为配重铁芯，所述感应线圈缠绕在所述配重铁芯外。
可选地，所述感应线圈通过电路与信号接收器相连，所述信号接收器与所述控制器通信连接，能够将从感应线圈接收到的电流信号放大后传递给所述控制器。
可选地，所述电路从所述轴体的一端伸出并与所述信号接收器相连。
本申请还提供一种数控机床，包括所述的加工电主轴。
本申请实施例提供的加工电主轴，机床加工工件时，驱动电机通电带动轴体旋转，同时产生电磁场。当发生共振现象时，轴体整体发生较大振动，驱动电机和轴体一起振动，此时驱动电机产生的磁感线跟随振动前后移动，由于感应线圈悬空设置，感应线圈和磁感线发生相对位移，即切割磁感线，此时感应线圈中产生较大的感应电流，振动的强度越大，切割磁感线的速率和幅度越大，产生的电流也就越大，控制器在感应线圈中产生的电流大于预设值时控制驱动电机调节转速，将转速调大或调小，通过调整转速改变轴体振动频率，达到避开共振点，提高表面加工精度的目的。由于感应线圈设在轴体内不受外界环境影响，精度高且寿命长，且控制器在感应线圈中产生电流时直接控制驱动电机进行轴体转速微调，大大提高了效率，且不需要复杂的接线。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或传统技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或传统技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据公开的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请的实施例1中提供的加工电主轴的剖视图。
图2为图1所示的轴体及其内部结构的剖视图。
图3为本申请的实施例1中提供的加工电主轴的局部剖视图。
附图标记说明：
1、轴体；2、驱动电机；3、固定支架；4、感应线圈；5、控制器；6、减振弹簧；7、配重铁芯；8、电路；9、信号接收器；10、主轴箱。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实 施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
主轴是数控机床上带动刀具或零件旋转的运动轴。按照主轴的驱动方式，数控机床主轴可分为机械主轴和电主轴两大类。如图1至图3所示，本申请实施例提供一种加工电主轴，包括轴体1、驱动电机2、固定支架3、感应线圈4、控制器5。轴体1为中空结构。驱动电机2环绕设在轴体1外，用于驱动轴体1绕其轴线旋转。固定支架3的第一端与轴体1的内壁相连，第二端悬空在轴体1内，即形成悬臂结构。感应线圈4设置在固定支架3的第二端处。控制器5与感应线圈4及驱动电机2通信连接，能够在感应线圈4中产生的电流大于预设值时控制驱动电机2调节转速。
驱动电机2包括定子、转子以及缠绕在定子或转子上的励磁绕组。转子与轴体1固定连接。机床加工工件时，驱动电机2的励磁绕组通电使转子带动轴体1旋转，同时励磁绕组产生电磁场。当电主轴加工零件时，轴体1的运动频率和零件固有频率耦合时会发生共振现象，使轴体1整体发生较大振动，驱动电机2和轴体1一起振动，此时励磁绕组产生的磁场跟随振动前后移动。由于感应线圈4悬空设置，感应线圈4和轴体1发生相对位移，从而切割励磁绕组产生的磁场的磁感线，导致感应线圈4中产生较大的感应电流。振动的强度越大，感应线圈4切割磁感线的速率和幅度越大，产生的电流也就越大。控制器5在感应线圈4中产生的电流大于预设值时控制驱动电机2调节转速，将转速调大或调小，通过调整转速改变轴体1振动频率，达到避开共振点，提高表面加工精度的目的。由于感应线圈4设在轴体1内不受外界环境影响，精度高且寿命长，且控制器5在感应线圈4中产生电流时直接控制驱动电机2进行轴体1转速微调，大大提高了效率，且不需要复杂的接 线。
在一实施方式中，固定支架3的第二端设有阻尼器，感应线圈4设在阻尼器的远离固定支架3的一端。在该实施方式中，阻尼器能够吸收轴体1的一部分振动，减少对感应线圈4的损坏，同时阻尼器的设置能够使感应线圈4向不同的方向运动，从而可使感应线圈4切割磁感线产生电流。在其他可替换的实施方式中，可不设置阻尼器，直接将感应线圈4设在固定支架3的第二端处。
在一实施方式中，阻尼器为减振弹簧6。在该实施方式中，减振弹簧6能够优良的减少振动，减少对感应线圈4的损坏。在其他可替换的实施方式中，阻尼器可以为橡胶块、硅胶块等弹块。
在一实施方式中，减振弹簧6水平的设在轴体1内，减振弹簧6的长度方向为轴体1的轴线的方向。在该实施方式中，由于减振弹簧6设在轴体1内，且减振弹簧6的长度方向为轴体1的轴线的延伸方向，可确保感应线圈4能够沿与轴体1的轴线垂直的方向移动，从而切割磁感线，产生感应电流。在其他可替换的实施方式中，也可使减振弹簧6倾斜或竖直的设在轴体1内。
在一实施方式中，减振弹簧6与轴体1同轴设置。
在一实施方式中，减振弹簧6的长度大于固定支架3的长度。
在一实施方式中，减振弹簧6的远离固定支架3的一端设有配重块，感应线圈4设在配重块上。在该实施方式中，通过设置配重块，增加了惯性，从而确保在轴体1和驱动电机2在一起振动时，感应线圈4因惯性的原因保持在原始位置，从而和驱动电机2产生的磁感线发生相对运动。
在一实施方式中，配重块为配重铁芯7，感应线圈4缠绕在配重铁芯7外。在该实施方式中，铁芯重量较大，惯性较大，从而确保在轴体1和驱动电机2在一起振动时，感应线圈4因惯性的原因保持在原始位置，从而和驱动电机2产生的磁感线发生相对运动。在其他可替换的实施方式中，配重块还可以是铜块、不锈钢块等。
在一实施方式中，感应线圈4通过电路8与信号接收器9相连，信号接收器9与控制器5通信连接，能够将从感应线圈4接收到的电流信号放大后传递给控制器5。在该实施方式中，通过设置信号接收器9，能够将从感应线圈4接收到的电流信号放大，从而可确保控制的精度。当然，在其他可替换的实施方式中，也可不设置信号接收器9，直接将感应线圈4与控制器5相连。
在一实施方式中，如图3所示，电路8从轴体1的一端伸出并与信号接收器9相连。在该实施方式中，接线方式简单，且在轴体1旋转时不会和电路8发生干涉。
进一步参考图1，本实施例提供的加工电主轴还包括有主轴箱10，轴体1及驱动电机2均位于主轴箱10内。
本实施例提供的加工电主轴，机床加工工件时，驱动电机2通电带动轴体1旋转，同时产生电磁场。当发生共振现象时，轴体1整体产生较大振动，驱动电机2跟随轴体1一起振动，此时驱动电机2产生的磁感线跟随振动前后移动。感应线圈4通过配重铁芯7达到较大质量，较大质量具有较大惯性，而减振弹簧又充当阻尼器的作用，感应线圈4在惯性和阻尼的作用下和磁感线发生相对位移，即切割磁感线，此时感应线圈4中产生感应电流，通过电路8由信号接收器9接收。信号接收器9对接收的电信号进行初步处理，并进行信号放大，然后发送信号给控制器5，控制器5通过信号处理，判断轴体1转速是否需要调整，并发送命令到驱动电机2直接调节转速。
轴体1与零件发生共振现象时，感应线圈4切割磁感线产生感应电流，振动的强度越大，切割磁感线的速率和幅度越大，产生的电流也就越大，信号接收器9和控制器5通过识别接收的电流不同，可以判断是否需要调整转速以及如何调整转速，通过调整转速改变轴体1振动频率，达到避开共振点，提高表面加工精度的目的。
本实施例提供一种数控机床，包括上述实施例中提供的加工电主轴。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种加工电主轴，其特征在于，包括：
    轴体(1)，为中空结构；
    驱动电机(2)，环绕设在所述轴体(1)外，用于驱动所述轴体(1)绕其轴线旋转；
    固定支架(3)，第一端与所述轴体(1)的内壁相连，第二端悬空在所述轴体(1)内；
    感应线圈(4)，设置在所述固定支架(3)的第二端处；
    控制器(5)，与所述感应线圈(4)及所述驱动电机(2)通信连接，能够在所述感应线圈(4)中产生的电流大于预设值时控制所述驱动电机(2)调节转速。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述固定支架(3)的第二端设有阻尼器，所述感应线圈(4)设在所述阻尼器的远离所述固定支架(3)的一端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述阻尼器为减振弹簧(6)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述减振弹簧(6)的长度方向与所述轴体(1)的轴线的延伸方向相同。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述减振弹簧(6)与所述轴体(1)同轴设置。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述减振弹簧(6)的长度大于所述固定支架(3)的长度。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述减振弹簧(6)的远离所述固定支架(3)的一端设有配重块，所述感应线圈(4)设在所述配重块上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述配重块为配重铁芯(7)，所述感应线圈(4)缠绕在所述配重铁芯(7)外。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述感应线圈(4)通过电路(8)与信号接收器(9)相连，所述信号接收器(9)与所述控制器(5)通信连接，能够将从感应线圈(4)接收到的电流信号放大后传递给所述控制器(5)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的加工电主轴，其特征在于，所述电路(8)从所述轴体(1)的一端伸出并与所述信号接收器(9)相连。
  11. 一种数控机床，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-10中任一项所述的加工电主轴。
PCT/CN2022/110457 2021-11-19 2022-08-05 加工电主轴及数控机床 WO2023087792A1 (zh)

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