WO2023082466A1 - 一种可变轨起升过载保护装置 - Google Patents

一种可变轨起升过载保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023082466A1
WO2023082466A1 PCT/CN2022/071831 CN2022071831W WO2023082466A1 WO 2023082466 A1 WO2023082466 A1 WO 2023082466A1 CN 2022071831 W CN2022071831 W CN 2022071831W WO 2023082466 A1 WO2023082466 A1 WO 2023082466A1
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Prior art keywords
reel
overload protection
driving disc
protection device
variable rail
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PCT/CN2022/071831
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈�峰
王键
张程
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法兰泰克重工股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023082466A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023082466A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear
    • B66D1/58—Safety gear responsive to excess of load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/12—Driving gear incorporating electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/60—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans adapted for special purposes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of overload protection devices, in particular to a variable rail lifting overload protection device.
  • the static load in the hoisting device is such as the rope that is lifted with acceleration in the crane, when the object is stationary
  • the tension on the rope is equal to the weight of the object, and the weight of the object acts as a static load on the rope.
  • the overload protection is realized through the mechanical switch connected with the lifting mechanism. For example, when the overload produces excessive tension on the wire rope anchor end of the hoist, it will cause the spring in the device to collapse, so that the flip switch cuts off the electrical circuit and stops the hoisting operation.
  • Electronic overload protection realizes overload protection through the current generated by the induction motor. When the generated current is too large, the hoisting operation will be stopped.
  • the device with electronic/mechanical double overload protection is equipped with a sensitive sensor, which can detect the slight deformation caused by the load, and adjust the voltage according to the offset that occurs.
  • the chain hoist overload protection device adopts the sliding clutch principle, just like a car in neutral. When overload is detected and the torque is too large, the device is automatically disconnected (the motor is idling) and the lifting operation is stopped.
  • the above-mentioned overload protection device only considers the static load when designing, which does not conform to the development of today's technology and affects the operation of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to fully consider the influence of dynamic load when designing the hydraulic rail changing crane.
  • the invention discloses a variable rail lifting overload protection device.
  • a variable rail lifting overload protection device including a slider crank mechanism, the slider crank mechanism is connected to a reel, the reel is installed on a mounting frame, and the bottom of the mounting frame is installed in a chute, The slider crank mechanism pushes the mounting frame to slide in the chute; one side of the reel is equipped with a driving disc, the driving disc is engaged with a gear, and the driving mechanism drives the gear to rotate; the reel Open a gap, the steel ball is arranged between the gap of the reel and the driving disc, and the driving disc drives the reel to rotate through the steel ball; a plurality of through holes are opened along the radial direction of the driving disc, so that An elastic element is installed in the through hole, and one end of the elastic element is connected with a set screw; when overloaded, the reel pushes the steel ball into the through hole, and the reel and the driving disc slip , to prevent the reel from breaking and the driving mechanism from being overloaded.
  • the drive mechanism includes a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the center of the gear.
  • crank-slider mechanism includes a slider, a connecting rod, a moving part and a rotary power source
  • the sliding block is fixed on the mounting frame
  • the connecting rod and the moving part The rotary pair is connected between them
  • the rotary power source is connected with the original moving member.
  • the elastic element is a compression spring.
  • the other side of the reel is inserted into one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft passes through the rolling element and the mounting frame.
  • the rolling elements are rolling bearings.
  • At least one sliding seat is installed on the bottom of the installation frame, and the sliding seat slides in the sliding groove.
  • the present invention pushes the variable rail hoisting overload protection device to slide in the chute through the crank slider mechanism.
  • the device can meet the precise positioning of the hoisting mechanism in space.
  • the driving mechanism drives the gear to rotate, and the driving disc and the gear are meshed for transmission.
  • the gear drives the driving disc to rotate.
  • steel balls are installed between the reel and the driving disk, and the driving disk drives the reel to rotate through the steel balls.
  • the reel pushes the steel ball into the through hole of the driving disc, and there is slippage between the reel and the driving disc to prevent the reel from breaking and the drive mechanism from being overloaded.
  • the present invention uses the set screw to adjust the pressure of the elastic element to adjust the limit torque.
  • the present invention uses an overload protection device to ensure that the crane does not exceed its rated load range, thereby preventing accidents caused by overloading.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the slider crank mechanism.
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of the overload protection mechanism.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of point A in FIG. 3 .
  • a variable rail lifting overload protection device includes a slider crank mechanism 5, the slider crank mechanism 5 is connected to the reel 1, the reel 1 is installed on the mounting frame 10, and the bottom of the mounting frame 10 Installed in the chute 9, the central axis of the reel 1 and the long side of the chute 9 are parallel to each other, and the slider crank mechanism 5 pushes the mounting bracket 10 to slide in the chute 9.
  • Drive plate 2 is installed on one side of reel 1, and drive plate 2 is mutually meshed with two gears 3 respectively, and drive mechanism 4 has two, and drive mechanism 4 comprises motor, and the output shaft of motor connects the center of gear 3.
  • the reel 1 has a gap, and the steel ball 8 is arranged between the gap of the reel 1 and the driving disc 2, and the driving disc 2 drives the reel 1 to rotate through the steel ball 8.
  • a plurality of through holes are provided along the radial direction of the driving disc 2, and an elastic element 7 is installed in the through holes.
  • One end of the elastic element 7 is connected to a set screw 6, and the flat end of the set screw 6 abuts against the top wall of the through hole.
  • the elastic element 7 is a compression spring, and a plurality of open coils are used to provide resistance to external pressure, and the set screw 6 is used to adjust the pressure of the elastic element 7 to adjust the limit torque.
  • the reel 1 When overloaded, the reel 1 pushes the steel ball 8 into the through hole, so that there is slippage between the reel 1 and the driving disc 2, preventing the reel 1 from breaking and the driving mechanism 4 from being overloaded.
  • the slider crank mechanism 5 includes a slider 501, a connecting rod 502, a moving part 504 and a rotary power source 505.
  • the sliding block 501 is fixed on the mounting frame 10, and the connecting rod 502 and the moving part 504 are connected by a rotating pair 503.
  • the rotary power source 505 is connected to the driving element 504 .
  • the slider crank mechanism 5 utilizes the connecting rod 502 , the driving element 504 and the slider 501 to realize mutual conversion between rotation and movement.
  • the other side of the reel 1 is inserted into one end of the rotating shaft 12 , and the other end of the rotating shaft 12 passes through the rolling element 11 and the mounting frame 10 .
  • At least one sliding seat is installed on the bottom of the mounting frame 10, and the sliding seat slides in the chute 9.
  • two sliding seats are installed on the bottom of the mounting frame 10, and the two sliding seats ensure that the mounting frame 10 slides stably in the chute 9, prevent the mounting frame 10 from tilting during the sliding process, and further prevent the The ropes are stacked.
  • a variable rail lifting overload protection device including a slider crank mechanism 5, the slider crank mechanism 5 is connected to a reel 1, the reel 1 is installed on a mounting frame 10, and the bottom of the mounting frame 10 is installed in the chute 9 , the central axis of the reel 1 and the long side of the chute 9 are parallel to each other, and the slider crank mechanism 5 pushes the mounting bracket 10 to slide in the chute 9 .
  • Drive plate 2 is installed on one side of reel 1, and drive plate 2 and a gear 3 mesh with each other, and drive mechanism 4 has one, and drive mechanism 4 comprises motor, and the output shaft of motor connects the center of gear 3.
  • the reel 1 has a gap, and the steel ball 8 is arranged between the gap of the reel 1 and the driving disc 2, and the driving disc 2 drives the reel 1 to rotate through the steel ball 8.
  • a plurality of through holes are provided along the radial direction of the driving disc 2, and an elastic element 7 is installed in the through holes.
  • One end of the elastic element 7 is connected to a set screw 6, and the flat end of the set screw 6 abuts against the top wall of the through hole.
  • the elastic element 7 is a compression spring, and a plurality of open coils are used to provide resistance to external pressure, and the set screw 6 is used to adjust the pressure of the elastic element 7 to adjust the limit torque.
  • the reel 1 When overloaded, the reel 1 pushes the steel ball 8 into the through hole, so that there is slippage between the reel 1 and the driving disc 2, preventing the reel 1 from breaking and the driving mechanism 4 from being overloaded.
  • the slider crank mechanism 5 includes a slider 501, a connecting rod 502, a moving part 504 and a rotary power source 505.
  • the sliding block 501 is fixed on the mounting frame 10, and the connecting rod 502 and the moving part 504 are connected by a rotating pair 503.
  • the rotary power source 505 is connected to the driving element 504 .
  • the slider crank mechanism 5 utilizes the connecting rod 502 , the driving element 504 and the slider 501 to realize mutual conversion between rotation and movement.
  • the other side of the reel 1 is inserted into one end of the rotating shaft 12 , and the other end of the rotating shaft 12 passes through the rolling element 11 and the mounting frame 10 .
  • At least one sliding seat is installed on the bottom of the mounting frame 10, and the sliding seat slides in the chute 9.
  • two sliding seats are installed on the bottom of the mounting frame 10, and the two sliding seats ensure that the mounting frame 10 slides stably in the chute 9, prevent the mounting frame 10 from tilting during the sliding process, and further prevent the The ropes are stacked.
  • the crank slider mechanism 5 pushes the variable rail lifting overload protection device to slide in the chute 9. This device can meet the precise positioning of the lifting mechanism in space.
  • the driving mechanism 4 drives the gear 3 to rotate, and the driving plate 2 and the gear 3 are meshed for transmission , the gear 3 drives the driving disc 2 to rotate.
  • a steel ball 8 is installed between the reel 1 and the driving disc 2, and the driving disc 2 drives the reel 1 to rotate through the steel ball 8.
  • the reel 1 When overloaded, the reel 1 pushes the steel ball 8 into the through hole of the driving disc 2, and the reel 1 and the driving disc 2 slip to prevent the reel 1 from breaking and the driving mechanism 4 from being overloaded.
  • the terms "setting” and "connection” should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or an optional connection. Detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种可变轨起升过载保护装置，包括曲柄滑块机构，曲柄滑块机构连接卷筒，卷筒安装在安装架上，且安装架的底部安装在滑槽内，曲柄滑块机构推动安装架在滑槽中滑动；卷筒的一侧安装主动盘，主动盘和齿轮啮合，驱动机构驱动齿轮旋转；卷筒开设缺口，钢珠设置在卷筒的缺口和主动盘之间，主动盘通过钢珠带动卷筒转动；沿主动盘的径向开设多个通孔，通孔内安装弹性元件，弹性元件的一端连接紧定螺钉；过载时，卷筒将钢珠推至通孔中，卷筒和主动盘之间打滑，防止卷筒折断和驱动机构过载。本发明可以满足起升机构在空间需要精确定位的要求，同时防止卷筒折断和驱动机构过载。

Description

一种可变轨起升过载保护装置 技术领域
本发明涉及过载保护装置技术领域，尤其是指一种可变轨起升过载保护装置。
背景技术
随着采煤技术和采煤机械设备的快速发展,对采煤设备的安装回撤设备——液压变轨起重机的需求也越来越大,对其结构要求也越来越高。
由于井下的安全生产越来越受到从业人员的重视，所以在设计时只考虑静载荷情况已经不符合当今技术的发展(起升装置中的静荷载例如起重机中以加速度提升的绳索，当物体静止不动或以等速上升时，绳索所受拉力等于物体的重量，物体的重量对绳索为静载荷作用)。
现有的过载保护装置有如下四种：
1、机械式过载保护通过与起升机构相连的机械开关实现过载保护。例如，当过载对葫芦的钢丝绳锚端产生过大拉力时，会导致装置内的弹簧塌陷，从而翻转开关切断电气回路，停止起升运行。
2、电子过载保护通过感应电机产生的电流大小实现过载保护，当产生的电流过大时，停止起升运行。
3、采用电子/机械双重过载保护的装置配备有灵敏的传感器，能察觉到载荷带来的细微形变，根据发生的偏移量调整电压。
4、环链葫芦过载保护装置采用滑动离合器原理，就像一辆处于空挡的汽车。当检测到过载时，扭矩过大，该装置就自动断开(电机空转)，停止起升运行。
然而，上述的过载保护装置在设计时只考虑静载荷情况，不符合当今技术的发展，影响设备的运行，所以进行液压变轨起重机的设计时充分考虑到动载荷的影响是很有必要的。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明公开了一种可变轨起升过载保护装置。
本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种可变轨起升过载保护装置，包括曲柄滑块机构，所述曲柄滑块机构连接卷筒，所述卷筒安装在安装架上，且所述安装架的底部安装在滑槽内，所述曲柄滑块机构推动所述安装架在所述滑槽中滑动；所述卷筒的一侧安装主动盘，所述主动盘和齿轮啮合，驱动机构驱动所述齿轮旋转；所述卷筒开设缺口，钢珠设置在所述卷筒的缺口和所述主动盘之间，所述主动盘通过所述钢珠带动所述卷筒转动；沿所述主动盘的径向开设多个通孔，所述通孔内安装弹性元件，所述弹性元件的一端连接紧定螺钉；过载时，所述卷筒将所述钢珠推至所述通孔中，所述卷筒和所述主动盘之间打滑，防止所述卷筒折断和所述驱动机构过载。
其进一步的技术特征在于：所述驱动机构包括电机，所述电机的输出轴连接所述齿轮的中心。
其进一步的技术特征在于：所述曲柄滑块机构包括滑块、连杆、原动件和回转动力源，所述滑块固定在所述安装架上，所述连杆和所述原动件之间通过转动副连接，所述回转动力源连接所述原动件。
其进一步的技术特征在于：沿所述主动盘的径向开设四个通孔，相邻两个所述通孔之间的夹角度数为90°。
其进一步的技术特征在于：所述紧定螺钉的平面端部抵接所述通孔的顶壁。
其进一步的技术特征在于：所述弹性元件为压缩弹簧。
其进一步的技术特征在于：所述卷筒的另一侧插入转轴的一端，所述转 轴的另一端穿过滚动元件和所述安装架。
其进一步的技术特征在于：所述滚动元件为滚动轴承。
其进一步的技术特征在于：所述安装架的底部安装至少一个滑动座，所述滑动座在所述滑槽内滑动。
其进一步的技术特征在于：所述卷筒的中轴线和所述滑槽的长边所在直线相互平行。
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：
1、本发明通过曲柄滑块机构推动可变轨起升过载保护装置在滑槽中滑动，该装置可以满足起升机构在空间需要精确定位，驱动机构驱动齿轮旋转，主动盘和齿轮啮合传动，齿轮带动主动盘旋转。
2、本发明在卷筒和主动盘之间装有钢珠，主动盘通过钢珠带动卷筒转动。过载时，卷筒将钢珠推至主动盘的通孔中，卷筒和主动盘之间打滑，防止卷筒折断和驱动机构过载。
3、同时，本发明通过紧定螺钉用来调节弹性元件的压力，以调整极限扭矩。
4、本发明采用安装过载保护装置，来确保起重机不超出其额定载荷范围，从而防止超载引发的事故。
附图说明
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解，下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1是本发明的示意图。
图2是曲柄滑块机构的示意图。
图3是过载保护机构的主视图。
图4是图3中A处的放大示意图。
说明书附图标记说明：1、卷筒；2、主动盘；3、齿轮；4、驱动机构； 5、曲柄滑块机构；501、滑块；502、连杆；503、转动副；504、原动件；505、回转动力源；6、紧定螺钉；7、弹性元件；8、钢珠；9、滑槽；10、安装架；11、滚动元件；12、转轴。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
关本发明的前述及其他技术内容、特点与功效，在以下配合参考附图对实施例的详细说明中，将可清楚的呈现。以下实施例中所提到的方向用语，例如：上、下、左、右、前或后等，仅是参考附图的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用来说明并非用来限制本发明，此外，在全部实施例中，相同的附图标号表示相同的元件。
实施例1：
如图1所示，一种可变轨起升过载保护装置，包括曲柄滑块机构5，曲柄滑块机构5连接卷筒1，卷筒1安装在安装架10上，且安装架10的底部安装在滑槽9内，卷筒1的中轴线和滑槽9的长边所在直线相互平行，曲柄滑块机构5推动安装架10在滑槽9中滑动。
卷筒1的一侧安装主动盘2，主动盘2分别和两个齿轮3相互啮合，驱动机构4有两个，且驱动机构4包括电机，电机的输出轴连接齿轮3的中心。
卷筒1开设缺口，钢珠8设置在卷筒1的缺口和主动盘2之间，主动盘2通过钢珠8带动卷筒1转动。沿主动盘2的径向开设多个通孔，通孔内安装弹性元件7，弹性元件7的一端连接紧定螺钉6，紧定螺钉6的平面端部抵接通孔的顶壁。优选地，弹性元件7为压缩弹簧，利用多个开放线圈对外载压力供给抵抗力量，紧定螺钉6用来调节弹性元件7的压力，以调整极限扭矩。
过载时，卷筒1将钢珠8推至通孔中，使得卷筒1和主动盘2之间打滑， 防止卷筒1折断和驱动机构4过载。
本实施例中，沿主动盘2的径向开设四个通孔，相邻两个通孔之间的夹角度数为90°。
曲柄滑块机构5包括滑块501、连杆502、原动件504和回转动力源505，滑块501固定在安装架10上，连杆502和原动件504之间通过转动副503连接，回转动力源505连接原动件504。曲柄滑块机构5利用连杆502、原动件504和滑块501来实现转动和移动相互转换。
卷筒1的另一侧插入转轴12的一端，转轴12的另一端穿过滚动元件11和安装架10。安装架10的底部安装至少一个滑动座，滑动座在滑槽9内滑动。本实施例中，安装架10的底部安装两个滑动座，两个滑动座保证安装架10在滑槽9内稳定滑动，防止安装架10在滑动过程中发生倾斜，进一步防止卷筒1上的绳索发生堆叠。
实施例2：
一种可变轨起升过载保护装置，包括曲柄滑块机构5，曲柄滑块机构5连接卷筒1，卷筒1安装在安装架10上，且安装架10的底部安装在滑槽9内，卷筒1的中轴线和滑槽9的长边所在直线相互平行，曲柄滑块机构5推动安装架10在滑槽9中滑动。
卷筒1的一侧安装主动盘2，主动盘2和一个齿轮3相互啮合，驱动机构4有一个，且驱动机构4包括电机，电机的输出轴连接齿轮3的中心。
卷筒1开设缺口，钢珠8设置在卷筒1的缺口和主动盘2之间，主动盘2通过钢珠8带动卷筒1转动。沿主动盘2的径向开设多个通孔，通孔内安装弹性元件7，弹性元件7的一端连接紧定螺钉6，紧定螺钉6的平面端部抵接通孔的顶壁。优选地，弹性元件7为压缩弹簧，利用多个开放线圈对外载压力供给抵抗力量，紧定螺钉6用来调节弹性元件7的压力，以调整极限扭矩。
过载时，卷筒1将钢珠8推至通孔中，使得卷筒1和主动盘2之间打滑， 防止卷筒1折断和驱动机构4过载。
本实施例中，沿主动盘2的径向开设四个通孔，相邻两个通孔之间的夹角度数为90°。
曲柄滑块机构5包括滑块501、连杆502、原动件504和回转动力源505，滑块501固定在安装架10上，连杆502和原动件504之间通过转动副503连接，回转动力源505连接原动件504。曲柄滑块机构5利用连杆502、原动件504和滑块501来实现转动和移动相互转换。
卷筒1的另一侧插入转轴12的一端，转轴12的另一端穿过滚动元件11和安装架10。安装架10的底部安装至少一个滑动座，滑动座在滑槽9内滑动。本实施例中，安装架10的底部安装两个滑动座，两个滑动座保证安装架10在滑槽9内稳定滑动，防止安装架10在滑动过程中发生倾斜，进一步防止卷筒1上的绳索发生堆叠。
由上述可知，实施例1和实施例2的区别在于：驱动机构4的数量，实施例1设置两个驱动机构4可以保证主动盘2高效、稳定运行。
本发明的安装原理和工作原理如下：
曲柄滑块机构5推动可变轨起升过载保护装置在滑槽9中滑动，该装置可以满足起升机构在空间需要精确定位，驱动机构4驱动齿轮3旋转，主动盘2和齿轮3啮合传动，齿轮3带动主动盘2旋转。在卷筒1和主动盘2之间装有钢珠8，主动盘2通过钢珠8带动卷筒1转动。
过载时，卷筒1将钢珠8推至主动盘2的通孔中，卷筒1和主动盘2之间打滑，防止卷筒1折断和驱动机构4过载。
在本发明实施例的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，若出现术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明 中的具体含义。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：包括曲柄滑块机构(5)，所述曲柄滑块机构(5)连接卷筒(1)，所述卷筒(1)安装在安装架(10)上，且所述安装架(10)的底部安装在滑槽(9)内，所述曲柄滑块机构(5)推动所述安装架(10)在所述滑槽(9)中滑动；所述卷筒(1)的一侧安装主动盘(2)，所述主动盘(2)和齿轮(3)啮合，驱动机构(4)驱动所述齿轮(3)旋转；所述卷筒(1)开设缺口，钢珠(8)设置在所述卷筒(1)的缺口和所述主动盘(2)之间，所述主动盘(2)通过所述钢珠(8)带动所述卷筒(1)转动；沿所述主动盘(2)的径向开设多个通孔，所述通孔内安装弹性元件(7)，所述弹性元件(7)的一端连接紧定螺钉(6)；过载时，所述卷筒(1)将所述钢珠(8)推至所述通孔中，所述卷筒(1)和所述主动盘(2)之间打滑，防止所述卷筒(1)折断和所述驱动机构(4)过载。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：所述驱动机构(4)包括电机，所述电机的输出轴连接所述齿轮(3)的中心。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：所述曲柄滑块机构(5)包括滑块(501)、连杆(502)、原动件(504)和回转动力源(505)，所述滑块(501)固定在所述安装架(10)上，所述连杆(502)和所述原动件(504)之间通过转动副(503)连接，所述回转动力源(505)连接所述原动件(504)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：沿所述主动盘(2)的径向开设四个通孔，相邻两个所述通孔之间的夹角度数为90°。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：所述紧定螺钉(6)的平面端部抵接所述通孔的顶壁。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：所述弹性元件(7)为压缩弹簧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：所述卷筒(1)的另一侧插入转轴(12)的一端，所述转轴(12)的另一端穿过滚动元件(11)和所述安装架(10)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：所述滚动元件(11)为滚动轴承。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：所述安装架(10)的底部安装至少一个滑动座，所述滑动座在所述滑槽(9)内滑动。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的可变轨起升过载保护装置，其特征在于：所述卷筒(1)的中轴线和所述滑槽(9)的长边所在直线相互平行。
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