WO2023074843A1 - 新規なオリゴ糖、該オリゴ糖の製造中間体、及びそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
新規なオリゴ糖、該オリゴ糖の製造中間体、及びそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023074843A1 WO2023074843A1 PCT/JP2022/040346 JP2022040346W WO2023074843A1 WO 2023074843 A1 WO2023074843 A1 WO 2023074843A1 JP 2022040346 W JP2022040346 W JP 2022040346W WO 2023074843 A1 WO2023074843 A1 WO 2023074843A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 426
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 1122
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 217
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 209
- -1 isopropyl undecafluorocaproate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 176
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 168
- 239000012051 hydrophobic carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 167
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 161
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical group CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 156
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 136
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 100
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000005544 phthalimido group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 29
- LJCZNYWLQZZIOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trichlorethoxycarbonyl chloride Chemical group ClC(=O)OCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl LJCZNYWLQZZIOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 21
- HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(C#N)=C(C#N)C1=O HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- WADSJYLPJPTMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(cycloundecen-1-yl)-1,2-diazacycloundec-2-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCCCCC=C1C1=NNCCCCCCCC1 WADSJYLPJPTMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- ABDBNWQRPYOPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonofluoridic acid Chemical compound OC(F)=O ABDBNWQRPYOPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- LZWQNOHZMQIFBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropan-2-olate Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LZWQNOHZMQIFBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004810 partition chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- QDFXRVAOBHEBGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(cyclononen-1-yl)-4,5,6,7,8,9-hexahydro-1h-diazonine Chemical compound C1CCCCCCC=C1C1=NNCCCCCC1 QDFXRVAOBHEBGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- LINDOXZENKYESA-UHFFFAOYSA-N TMG Natural products CNC(N)=NC LINDOXZENKYESA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- VMVNZNXAVJHNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)F VMVNZNXAVJHNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- RTCUCQWIICFPOD-SECBINFHSA-N (1r)-1-naphthalen-1-ylethanamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C([C@H](N)C)=CC=CC2=C1 RTCUCQWIICFPOD-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroethanol Chemical compound OCC(F)(F)F RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- KMPWYEUPVWOPIM-KODHJQJWSA-N cinchonidine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C([C@H]([C@H]3[N@]4CC[C@H]([C@H](C4)C=C)C3)O)=CC=NC2=C1 KMPWYEUPVWOPIM-KODHJQJWSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 11
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical group [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- QPDJILZPDAMLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylbutan-2-olate Chemical compound [Li]OC(C)(C)CC QPDJILZPDAMLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- KMPWYEUPVWOPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonidine Natural products C1=CC=C2C(C(C3N4CCC(C(C4)C=C)C3)O)=CC=NC2=C1 KMPWYEUPVWOPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HIBWGGKDGCBPTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HIBWGGKDGCBPTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002511 behenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- CLDYDTBRUJPBGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F CLDYDTBRUJPBGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- YDXXJZKOOOJVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YDXXJZKOOOJVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MPAULUFXCUVYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MPAULUFXCUVYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LISFREFGRFFOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-undecafluorohexanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F LISFREFGRFFOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- DBOFMRQAMAZKQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F DBOFMRQAMAZKQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JVHJRIQPDBCRRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JVHJRIQPDBCRRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JBEYNXOZKKQLOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JBEYNXOZKKQLOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PIGASTCSFHUJBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-undecafluorohexanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F PIGASTCSFHUJBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JMKJCPUVEMZGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JMKJCPUVEMZGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MRPUVAKBXDBGJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MRPUVAKBXDBGJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OSDPSOBLGQUCQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F OSDPSOBLGQUCQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NJXMLQHJFDKLKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-undecafluorohexanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NJXMLQHJFDKLKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001802 myricyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003053 polystyrene-divinylbenzene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hydride Chemical compound [KH] NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000105 potassium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- ASAXRKSDVDALDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F ASAXRKSDVDALDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWHVHYKUGRQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F FAPWHVHYKUGRQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NTGPCGNHKAKTAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutanoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NTGPCGNHKAKTAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- APTSNXMNLJXMIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentanoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F APTSNXMNLJXMIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CDXJNCAVPFGVNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F CDXJNCAVPFGVNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BBVCHFOOSHSLGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F BBVCHFOOSHSLGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CQTLZOHQVZFPOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CQTLZOHQVZFPOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UFTXWKSBYSWRLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-undecafluorohexanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UFTXWKSBYSWRLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- CPWJKGIJFGMVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-K tricesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CPWJKGIJFGMVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous collidine Natural products CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1C HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010056 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001743 benzylic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001488 beta-D-galactosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- HIWPGCMGAMJNRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-sophorose Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC(O)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HIWPGCMGAMJNRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWTDFICHZKXYAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;oxolane Chemical compound [B].C1CCOC1 UWTDFICHZKXYAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004799 bromophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001460 carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KWEDUNSJJZVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbononitridic azide Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NC#N KWEDUNSJJZVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000991 chicken egg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004803 chlorobenzyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000068 chlorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011097 chromatography purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N collidine Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=N1 UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021310 complex sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JIDMEYQIXXJQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F JIDMEYQIXXJQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWPIIMNHWGOFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;toluene Chemical compound ClCCl.CC1=CC=CC=C1 MWPIIMNHWGOFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylpyridine Natural products CC1=CC=CN=C1C HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical group [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CEIPQQODRKXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-(6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-1H-indazole-5-carboximidate dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1=C(O)C=CC2=CC(C3=NNC4=CC=C(C=C43)C(=N)OCC)=CC=C21 CEIPQQODRKXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAMZXMDZZWGPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;toluene Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.CC1=CC=CC=C1 OAMZXMDZZWGPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001207 fluorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002256 galaktoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000013595 glycosylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000043 hydrogen iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002497 iodine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006303 iodophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000654 isopropylidene group Chemical group C(C)(C)=* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium methoxide Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZVCGYPLLBEUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;ethanolate Chemical compound [Li+].CC[O-] AZVCGYPLLBEUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAUKUGBTJXWQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;propan-2-olate Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[O-] HAUKUGBTJXWQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006501 nitrophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005151 nonafluorobutanesulfonyl group Chemical group FC(C(C(S(=O)(=O)*)(F)F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)F 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUYQYZLEHLTPBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(F)(=O)=O LUYQYZLEHLTPBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium ethoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC[O-] RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium methoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRLVQFQTCMUIRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;2-methylbutan-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].CCC(C)(C)[O-] ZRLVQFQTCMUIRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;propan-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)[O-] WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZZLJQBPSUUZOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NZZLJQBPSUUZOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004853 protein function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003214 pyranose derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CGRKYEALWSRNJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-methylbutan-2-olate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC(C)(C)[O-] CGRKYEALWSRNJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBQTXTBONIWRGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;propan-2-olate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)[O-] WBQTXTBONIWRGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sym-collidine Natural products CC1=CN=C(C)C(C)=C1 GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGYONVRJGWHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC WGYONVRJGWHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LHJCZOXMCGQVDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)silyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F LHJCZOXMCGQVDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002424 x-ray crystallography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/20—Carbocyclic rings
- C07H15/203—Monocyclic carbocyclic rings other than cyclohexane rings; Bicyclic carbocyclic ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel oligosaccharide that is a biantennary glycan having an ⁇ 2,6-sialic acid structure at the non-reducing end, a method for producing the oligosaccharide, an intermediate thereof, and a method for producing an intermediate thereof.
- Non-Patent Document 1 The addition of sugar chains (glycosylation) to proteins is known to have a significant impact on protein function and structure. Among them, N-linked sugar chains are deeply involved in the physiological activity of proteins. Among them, biantennary N-glycans having ⁇ 2,6-sialic acid structure at the non-reducing end exhibit antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity. (ADCC activity) and complement-dependent cytotoxic activity (CDC activity) are reported to be optimal structures (Non-Patent Document 1).
- ADCC activity antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity
- CDC activity complement-dependent cytotoxic activity
- Non-Patent Document 2 As a semi-chemical synthesis method, it has been reported that an N-linked sugar chain can be obtained from chicken egg yolk by combining an enzymatic method and a chemical method (Non-Patent Document 2). While these methods can synthesize the target sugar chain in fewer steps than pure chemical synthesis, they require the procurement of a large amount of egg yolk, and the subsequent isolation and purification from the egg yolk and the water-soluble sugar chain after chemical conversion. Purification of unprotected sugar chains also requires special techniques and purification equipment in many cases (Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- Non-Patent Document 3 Total synthesis of complex-type 11-sugar glycans with ⁇ 2,6-sialyl moieties
- Non-Patent Document 4 Total Synthesis of Immunoglobin G13 Glycopeptide Having an ⁇ 2,6-Sialyl Site
- Non-Patent Document 5 Total Synthesis of ⁇ 2,6-sialyl 12-sugar N-linked sugar chain containing core fucose
- Non-Patent Document 5 Total Synthesis of ⁇ 2,6-sialyl 10-sugar Oligosaccharide Chain Fluorinated at 3-Position
- Non-Patent Document 6 Total synthesis of asymmetrically deuterated ⁇ 2,6-sialyl biantennary-type 11-sugar oligosaccharide chains and tetra-antennary-type
- deacylation may be required in sugar derivatives protected by phthalimide groups.
- the phthalimide group readily undergoes a ring-opening reaction under basic conditions, so it is necessary to strictly control the amount of water in the system. Even if there is, it is difficult to completely suppress the ring opening. Therefore, there is a demand for a technique that can proceed deacylation with high yield while suppressing ring-opening of the phthalimide group.
- Non-Patent Document 9 an increase in the number of benzyl groups in the substrate tends to reduce the reaction yield
- Non-Patent Document 10 improved conditions using ⁇ -pinene as an additive have been reported
- Non-Patent Document 11 the yield is low in a complex substrate having multiple benzyl groups. remains moderate.
- liquid-phase synthesis methods and solid-phase synthesis methods are known as methods for chemically synthesizing oligosaccharide chains.
- the liquid phase synthesis method allows the use of ordinary organic synthesis methods, so although it is easy to track reactions and scale up, post-treatment and purification are performed for each step, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.
- the solid-phase synthesis method is advantageous in that automatic synthesis is possible and rapid production is possible, but there is a limit to scale-up due to equipment restrictions, and due to low reactivity, sugar elongation reaction It has the disadvantage that it is necessary to use an excessive amount of the glycosyl donor, which makes it unsuitable for industrial large-scale synthesis, and that it is difficult to confirm the progress of the reaction during the intermediate steps (Patent Document 5).
- Patent Document 6 Non-Patent Documents 12, 13, and 14).
- the Troc group requires deprotection reaction conditions with zinc/AcOH or a long reaction time with an excess amount of lithium hydroxide, and complex sugar chains are accompanied by decomposition of the substrate under the deprotection reaction conditions.
- the deprotection of the phthalimide group the use of an excessive amount of ethylenediamine poses a problem that amidation of the sialic acid ester moiety proceeds as a side reaction. After hydrolysis, a two-step process is required to perform deprotection.
- sulfonyl groups are deprotected under reaction conditions that are difficult to scale up using metallic sodium.
- Non-Patent Document 15 a purification method using a metal complex using MgCl 2 has been reported (Non-Patent Document 15), but since it is a method in which the target substance is adsorbed to an excess amount of MgCl 2 , there is a lot of loss in the filtrate. , its purification effect is expected to be small compared to isolation by crystallization. Therefore, a method for purifying compounds having the polyethylene glycol structure is desired.
- One of the objects of the present invention is a novel oligosaccharide that can be used to produce a biantennary glycan having an ⁇ 2,6-sialic acid structure at the non-reducing end, a method for producing the oligosaccharide, and intermediates thereof. and to provide a method for producing intermediates thereof.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a novel oligosaccharide that is a biantennary glycan having an ⁇ 2,6-sialic acid structure at the non-reducing end, a method for producing the oligosaccharide, an intermediate thereof, and an intermediate thereof. It is to provide a manufacturing method.
- the present inventors have made intensive studies and found that a novel oligosaccharide represented by A-13 below, a novel method capable of efficiently producing the oligosaccharide, and its An intermediate and a method for producing the intermediate, a novel oligosaccharide represented by D-13 below, which is a biantennary glycan having an ⁇ 2,6-sialic acid structure at the non-reducing end, and an efficient production of the oligosaccharide
- D-13 which is a biantennary glycan having an ⁇ 2,6-sialic acid structure at the non-reducing end
- the inventors have completed the present invention by discovering a novel method that can be produced systematically, an intermediate thereof, and a method for producing the intermediate.
- the present invention relates to, but is not limited to, the following.
- the alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid is methyl trifluoroacetate, ethyl trifluoroacetate, propyl trifluoroacetate, isopropyl trifluoroacetate, butyl trifluoroacetate, methyl pentafluoropropionate, ethyl pentafluoropropionate, pentafluoropropionate.
- propyl acid isopropyl pentafluoropropionate, methyl heptafluorobutyrate, ethyl heptafluorobutyrate, propyl heptafluorobutyrate, isopropyl heptafluorobutyrate, butyl heptafluorobutyrate, methyl nonafluorovalerate, ethyl nonafluorovalerate, propyl nonafluorovalerate, isopropyl nonafluorovalerate, butyl nonafluorovalerate, methyl undecafluorocaproate, ethyl undecafluorocaproate, propyl undecafluorocaproate, isopropyl undecafluorocaproate, or butyl undecafluorocaproate, [2 ] The method described in .
- the strong base is sodium, lithium, and potassium salts of metal amides; sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, and barium salts of C1-C20 alkoxides; sodium hydride, potassium hydride, lithium hydride. , butyl lithium, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, lithium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, cesium phosphate, lithium phosphate, diazabicycloundecene (DBU), diazabicyclononene (DBN), and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG); and combinations thereof.
- DBU diazabicycloundecene
- DBN diazabicyclononene
- TMG 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine
- step I-2 The reaction in step I-2 is performed by a C1-C10 alcohol solvent alone, or a C1-C10 alcohol solvent and an amide solvent, an ether solvent, an ester solvent, an aromatic solvent, a halogen solvent, a hydrocarbon solvent, or a nitrile.
- step I-3 the compound represented by formula A-12 is reacted with DDQ (2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone) in a mixed solvent of fluorous alcohol and water.
- DDQ 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone
- any one of [1] to [6] including producing the oligosaccharide represented by the formula A-13 by removing the 2-naphthylmethyl group in the compound represented by the formula A-12. or the method described in paragraph 1.
- the fluorous alcohol is hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pen
- HFIP hexafluoro-2-propanol
- TFE 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol
- 2-but3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pen The method of [7], selected from the group consisting of tanol, nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol and combinations thereof.
- step I-1 after stopping the reaction between the compound represented by the formula A-4 and the compound represented by the formula A-3, the generated compound represented by the formula A-5 and impurities are removed.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to the water-soluble organic solvent containing By washing with a mixed solution of and the water, the impurities are removed, and then the compound represented by the formula A-5 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- step I-2 after stopping the reaction between the compound represented by the formula A-7 and the compound represented by the formula A-8, the generated compound represented by the formula A-9 and impurities are A hydrophobic carrier and water are added to the water-soluble organic solvent containing By washing with the mixed solution with water, the impurities are removed, and then the compound represented by the formula A-9 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- the generated compound represented by the formula A-12 and contaminants are A hydrophobic carrier and water are added to the water-soluble organic solvent containing By washing with a mixed solution of and the water, the impurities are removed, and then the compound represented by the formula A-12 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- the reversed-phase partition chromatography packing resin is poly(styrene/divinylbenzene) polymer gel resin, polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin, polyhydroxymethacrylate resin, styrene-vinylbenzene copolymer resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polystyrene resin, polymethacrylate.
- the method of [17], wherein the method is selected from the group consisting of resins, chemically bonded silica gel resins, and combinations thereof.
- the chemically bonded silica gel resin includes (1) a resin obtained by reacting silica gel with a silane coupling agent, (2) silica gel, dimethyloctadecyl, octadecyl, trimethyloctadecyl, dimethyloctyl, octyl, butyl, ethyl, methyl , a resin obtained by chemically bonding a phenyl, cyanopropyl, or aminopropyl group, (3) a resin obtained by chemically bonding a docosyl or triacontyl group to silica gel, and (4) the above (1) to (3) ), the method of [18].
- the method according to [18], wherein the chemically bonded silica gel resin is an octadecyl group-bonded silica gel resin (ODS resin).
- ODS resin octadecyl group-bonded silica gel resin
- the water-soluble organic solvent is a water-soluble alcohol solvent, a water-soluble nitrile solvent, a water-soluble ether solvent, a water-soluble ketone solvent, a water-soluble amide solvent, or a water-soluble sulfoxide solvent, or the water-soluble organic
- the organic solvent used in the step of eluting the target substance from the hydrophobic carrier is a nitrile solvent, an ether solvent, an ester solvent, a ketone solvent, a halogen solvent, an aromatic solvent, or the solvent system described above.
- the compound represented by the formula A-11 is (Step Y-1) Formula B-1 below:
- the compound represented by the following formula B-2 By forming a ⁇ -1,4-glycoside bond with a compound represented by the following formula B-3: to produce a compound of formula B-4 below:
- a step of producing a compound represented by (Step Y-2) Lithium tert-butoxide or lithium tert-amoxide is added to a solvent containing the compound represented by the formula B-4 and the benzyl halide or benzyl sulfonate to obtain the compound represented by the formula B-4.
- the following formula B-5 A step of producing a compound represented by The method according to any one of [1] to [23], which is produced by a process comprising [25]
- the solvent containing the compound represented by formula B-4 and the benzyl halide or benzyl sulfonate is an amide solvent, an ether solvent, an aromatic solvent, a hydrocarbon solvent, a urea solvent, or the solvent system described above.
- the compound of formula B-5 is converted to a crystalline compound of formula B-6 by ring-opening the phthalimido group in the compound of formula B-5 and then forming a salt with cinchonidine: and after separating the crystalline compound represented by the formula B-6 and the non-crystalline substance, by adding an acidic aqueous solution and a solvent, the compound represented by the formula B-6 With cinchonidine removed, formula B-7 below: and then purified by closing the ring-opened phthalimido group in the compound of formula B-7. the method of.
- the compound represented by the formula A-13 opens the phthalimido group in the compound represented by the formula A-13, and then (R)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine and salt.
- a crystalline compound of formula A-14 By forming a crystalline compound of formula A-14: and after separating the crystalline compound represented by the formula A-14 and the non-crystalline substance, the addition of an acidic aqueous solution and a solvent causes the compound represented by the formula A-14 to (R)-(+)-1-(1-Naphthyl)ethylamine is removed to give formula A-15 below: and then purifying by closing the ring-opened phthalimide group in the compound of formula A-15. or the method described in paragraph 1.
- Equation D-13 A method for producing an oligosaccharide represented by (Step II-1) Formula A-13 below: The oligosaccharide represented by the following formula A-3: By forming an ⁇ -1,3-glycosidic bond with a compound represented by the following formula D-1: to produce a compound of formula D-2 below: A step of producing a compound represented by (Step II-2) The compound represented by the above formula D-2 is converted to the following formula D-3: By forming a ⁇ -1,2-glycosidic bond with a compound represented by the following formula D-4: to produce a compound of formula D-5 below: After producing the compound represented by the formula D-5, the amino group in the compound represented by the above formula D-5 is replaced with an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group.
- COOAr aryloxycarbonyl
- Ac acetyl
- a protecting group selected from a phthalimido (Pht) group the following formula D-6: wherein R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group, and R 6 is hydrogen or R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a phthalimido group), or form an acetyl (Ac ) group to produce a compound of formula D-6 above, wherein R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a phthalimido group; (Step II-3)
- the compound represented by the above formula D-6 is converted to the following formula D-7: By forming a ⁇ -1,4-glycosidic bond with a compound represented by the following formula D-8: wherein R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group
- step II-1 the compound represented by the formula D-1 is reacted with a strong base in the presence of an alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid to produce the compound represented by the formula D-2.
- the alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid is methyl trifluoroacetate, ethyl trifluoroacetate, propyl trifluoroacetate, isopropyl trifluoroacetate, butyl trifluoroacetate, methyl pentafluoropropionate, ethyl pentafluoropropionate, pentafluoropropionate.
- propyl acid isopropyl pentafluoropropionate, methyl heptafluorobutyrate, ethyl heptafluorobutyrate, propyl heptafluorobutyrate, isopropyl heptafluorobutyrate, butyl heptafluorobutyrate, methyl nonafluorovalerate, ethyl nonafluorovalerate, propyl nonafluorovalerate, isopropyl nonafluorovalerate, butyl nonafluorovalerate, methyl undecafluorocaproate, ethyl undecafluorocaproate, propyl undecafluorocaproate, isopropyl undecafluorocaproate, or butyl undecafluorocaproate, [29 ] The method described in .
- the strong base is sodium, lithium, and potassium salts of metal amides; sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, and barium salts of C1-C20 alkoxides; sodium hydride, potassium hydride, lithium hydride. , butyl lithium, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, lithium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, cesium phosphate, lithium phosphate, diazabicycloundecene (DBU), diazabicyclononene (DBN), and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG); and combinations thereof.
- DBU diazabicycloundecene
- DBN diazabicyclononene
- TMG 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine
- the step of producing the compound represented by the formula D-6 from the compound represented by the formula D-5 is sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, or hydrogen phosphate.
- the compound of formula D-12 is prepared by the following steps: Formula E-1: (wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy group) to give the following formula E-2: and isolating the crystalline compound, and then isolating the isolated crystalline compound extracting the compound represented by the formula D-12 from The method according to any one of [28] to [35], obtained by a purification method comprising [37] The method of [36], wherein the compound of formula D-12 after purification has a purity of 95% or higher as measured by HPLC. [38] The method of [37], wherein the purity is 98% or higher.
- step II-1 after stopping the reaction between the compound represented by the formula A-13 and the compound represented by the formula A-3, the generated compound represented by the formula D-1 and impurities are removed.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to the water-soluble organic solvent containing By washing with a mixed solution of and the water, the impurities are removed, and then the compound represented by the formula D-1 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- step II-2 after stopping the reaction between the compound represented by the formula D-3 and the compound represented by the formula D-4, the generated compound represented by the formula D-5 and impurities are A hydrophobic carrier and water are added to the water-soluble organic solvent containing The impurities are removed by washing with a mixed solution of and the water, and then the compound represented by the formula D-5 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- step II-3 after stopping the reaction between the compound represented by the formula D-6 and the compound represented by the formula D-7, the generated compound represented by the formula D-8 and impurities are A hydrophobic carrier and water are added to the water-soluble organic solvent containing By washing with a mixed solution of and the water, the impurities are removed, and then the compound represented by the formula D-8 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- step II-3 the amino group on formula D-9 is protected with acetyl to give the following formula D-10:
- a compound represented by the formula D-10 is produced, and a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to the produced water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the formula D-10 and contaminants to form the compound represented by the formula D- in the hydrophobic carrier.
- the compound represented by 10 is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and the water, and then using an organic solvent.
- any one of [28] to [41] comprising purifying the compound represented by the formula D-10 by eluting the compound represented by the formula D-10 from the hydrophobic carrier with described method.
- the reversed-phase partition chromatography packing resin is poly(styrene/divinylbenzene) polymer gel resin, polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin, polyhydroxymethacrylate resin, styrene-vinylbenzene copolymer resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polystyrene resin, polymethacrylate.
- the method of [47] selected from the group consisting of resins, chemically bonded silica gel resins, and combinations thereof.
- the chemically bonded silica gel resin includes (1) a resin obtained by reacting silica gel with a silane coupling agent, (2) silica gel, dimethyloctadecyl, octadecyl, trimethyloctadecyl, dimethyloctyl, octyl, butyl, ethyl, methyl , a resin obtained by chemically bonding a phenyl, cyanopropyl, or aminopropyl group, (3) a resin obtained by chemically bonding a docosyl or triacontyl group to silica gel, and (4) the above (1) to (3) ), the method of [48].
- the method of [48], wherein the chemically bonded silica gel resin is an octadecyl group-bonded silica gel resin (ODS resin).
- ODS resin octadecyl group-bonded silica gel resin
- the water-soluble organic solvent is a water-soluble alcohol solvent, a water-soluble nitrile solvent, a water-soluble ether solvent, a water-soluble ketone solvent, a water-soluble amide solvent, or a water-soluble sulfoxide solvent, or the water-soluble organic
- the organic solvent used in the step of eluting the target substance from the hydrophobic carrier is a nitrile solvent, an ether solvent, an ester solvent, a ketone solvent, a halogen solvent, an aromatic solvent, or the solvent system described above.
- [54] By forming a salt of the compound of formula D-5 with fumaric acid, the following crystalline formula D-5-FMA: and then separating and purifying the crystalline compound of formula D-5-FMA from the amorphous material, any one of [28] to [53]. The method described in .
- Formula B-5 A method for producing a compound represented by the following formula B-4: Lithium tert-butoxide or lithium tert-amoxide is added to a solvent containing the compound represented by and benzyl halide or benzyl sulfonate to protect the hydroxyl group present in the compound represented by the above formula B-4 with a benzyl group. a method comprising the step of [56] The method of [55], wherein the solvent is an amide-based solvent, an ether-based solvent, an aromatic-based solvent, a urea-based solvent, a hydrocarbon-based solvent, or a mixed solvent containing at least one of the aforementioned solvent systems.
- Formula A-10 below A method for producing a compound represented by the following formula A-9: with a strong base in the presence of an alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid.
- the alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid is methyl trifluoroacetate, ethyl trifluoroacetate, propyl trifluoroacetate, isopropyl trifluoroacetate, butyl trifluoroacetate, methyl pentafluoropropionate, ethyl pentafluoropropionate, pentafluoropropionate.
- propyl acid isopropyl pentafluoropropionate, methyl heptafluorobutyrate, ethyl heptafluorobutyrate, propyl heptafluorobutyrate, isopropyl heptafluorobutyrate, butyl heptafluorobutyrate, methyl nonafluorovalerate, ethyl nonafluorovalerate, propyl nonafluorovalerate, isopropyl nonafluorovalerate, butyl nonafluorovalerate, methyl undecafluorocaproate, ethyl undecafluorocaproate, propyl undecafluorocaproate, isopropyl undecafluorocaproate, or butyl undecafluorocaproate, [57 ] The method described in .
- the strong base is sodium, lithium, potassium salts of metal amides; sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, and barium salts of C1-C20 alkoxides; sodium hydride, potassium hydride, lithium hydride, butyl lithium, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, lithium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, cesium phosphate, lithium phosphate, diazabicycloundecene (DBU), diazabicyclononene (DBN), and 1 , 1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG); and combinations thereof.
- DBU diazabicycloundecene
- DBN diazabicyclononene
- TMG 1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine
- Formula A-13 A method for producing an oligosaccharide represented by the following formula A-12: is reacted with DDQ (2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone) in a mixed solvent of fluorous alcohol and water to obtain 2 in the compound of formula A-12 - a process comprising removing a naphthylmethyl group.
- the fluorous alcohol is hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pen
- HFIP hexafluoro-2-propanol
- TFE 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol
- TFE 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pen
- the method of [62] selected from the group consisting of tanol, nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol and combinations thereof.
- the method of [62] or [63] which is carried out at -35°C to 70°C.
- the method of [62] or [63] which is carried out at -30°C to -10°C.
- Formula A-5 A method for purifying the compound represented by the formula A-5, wherein a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the formula A-5 and contaminants, and the hydrophobic carrier contains the compound represented by the formula A
- the compound represented by -5 is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and the water, and then the organic solvent is removed.
- purifying said compound of formula A-5 by eluting said compound of formula A-5 from said hydrophobic carrier using a method.
- Formula A-9 A method for purifying a compound represented by the formula A-9, wherein a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the formula A-9 and contaminants, and the hydrophobic carrier contains the compound represented by the formula A
- the compound represented by -9 is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and the water, and then the organic solvent is removed.
- purifying said compound of Formula A-9 by eluting said compound of Formula A-9 from said hydrophobic carrier using a method.
- Formula A-12 A method for purifying a compound represented by the formula A-12, wherein a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the formula A-12 and contaminants, and the hydrophobic carrier contains the compound represented by the formula A
- the compound represented by -12 is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and the water, and then the organic solvent is removed.
- purifying said compound of formula A-12 by eluting said compound of formula A-12 from said hydrophobic carrier using a method.
- Formula D-1 A method for purifying a compound represented by the formula D-1, wherein a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the formula D-1 and impurities, and the hydrophobic carrier contains the compound represented by the formula D
- the compound represented by -1 is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and the water, and then the organic solvent is removed.
- purifying said compound of formula D-1 by eluting said compound of formula D-1 from said hydrophobic carrier using a.
- Formula D-5 A method for purifying the compound represented by the formula D-5 by adding a hydrophobic carrier and water to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the formula D-5 and impurities, and adding the above formula D to the hydrophobic carrier
- the compound represented by -5 is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and the water, and then the organic solvent is removed.
- purifying said compound of formula D-5 by eluting said compound of formula D-5 from said hydrophobic carrier using a method.
- Formula D-8 below: wherein R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group, and R 6 is hydrogen or R 5 and R 6 form a phthalimido group together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached), wherein the compound of formula D-8 and contaminants are purified
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to the water-soluble organic solvent containing By washing with a mixed solution of and the water, the impurities are removed, and then the compound represented by the formula D-8 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- a method comprising purifying a compound designated D-8.
- Formula D-10 A method for purifying a compound represented by the formula D-10, wherein a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the formula D-10 and contaminants, and the hydrophobic carrier contains the compound represented by the formula D
- the compound represented by -10 is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and the water, and then the organic solvent is removed.
- the hydrophobic carrier is a resin for packing reversed-phase partition chromatography.
- the reversed-phase partition chromatography packing resin is poly(styrene/divinylbenzene) polymer gel resin, polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin, polyhydroxymethacrylate resin, styrene-vinylbenzene copolymer resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polystyrene resin, polymethacrylate.
- the chemically bonded silica gel resin includes (1) a resin obtained by reacting silica gel with a silane coupling agent, (2) silica gel, dimethyloctadecyl, octadecyl, trimethyloctadecyl, dimethyloctyl, octyl, butyl, ethyl, methyl , a resin obtained by chemically bonding a phenyl, cyanopropyl, or aminopropyl group, (3) a resin obtained by chemically bonding a docosyl or triacontyl group to silica gel, and (4) the above (1) to (3) ), the method of [78].
- the method of [79], wherein the chemically bonded silica gel resin is octadecyl group bonded silica gel resin (ODS resin).
- the water-soluble organic solvent is a water-soluble alcohol-based solvent, a water-soluble nitrile-based solvent, a water-soluble ether-based solvent, a water-soluble ketone-based solvent, a water-soluble amide-based solvent, a water-soluble sulfoxide-based solvent, or the water-soluble organic solvent described above.
- the method of [81], wherein the water-soluble nitrile solvent is acetonitrile.
- the organic solvent used in the step of eluting the target substance from the hydrophobic carrier is a nitrile solvent, an ether solvent, an ester solvent, a ketone solvent, a halogen solvent, an aromatic solvent, or the solvent system described above.
- Formula D-8 wherein R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group, and R 6 is hydrogen atom, or R5 and R6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a phthalimido group).
- R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group
- R 6 is hydrogen atom, or R5 and R6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a phthalimido group.
- Formula D-9 wherein M + is a sodium ion, lithium ion, potassium ion, or a protonated triethylamine cation.
- Formula D-10 wherein M + is a sodium ion, lithium ion, potassium ion, or a
- Formula D-11 wherein M + is a sodium ion, lithium ion, potassium ion, or a protonated triethylamine cation.
- Formula E-2 A crystalline compound represented by (wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy group).
- Formula D-12 having a purity of greater than or equal to 90% as determined by HPLC: A compound represented by [115] 110. The compound of claim 109, wherein said purity is 95% or greater.
- Formula D-13 Oligosaccharides represented by.
- an oligosaccharide represented by the above formula A-13 and a novel method for producing the same an intermediate for producing the oligosaccharide and a method for producing the same, and an oligosaccharide represented by the above formula D-13 and a novel method for producing the same , and an intermediate for the production of the oligosaccharide and a method for producing the same are provided.
- oligosaccharide represented by formula A-13 means the following oligosaccharide.
- a novel synthetic scheme for the oligosaccharide represented by the above formula A-13 includes the following steps I-1 to I-3.
- Step I-1 comprises formula A-3: The compound represented by the following formula A-4: By forming an ⁇ -1,6-glycosidic bond with a compound represented by the following formula A-5: to produce a compound of formula A-7 below: is a step of producing a compound represented by The step I-1 includes the following steps I-1-1 to I-1-3.
- step I-1-1 the compound represented by formula A-3 and the compound represented by formula A-4 are ⁇ -1,6-glycosidic bonded to produce the compound represented by formula A-5. It is a process. This step can be carried out by using or applying a known method, but can preferably be carried out, for example, by the method shown in Example 22.
- the compound represented by formula A-3 can be , Molecular sieve 4A powder and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) are sequentially added in an organic solvent (toluene, etc.) to form an ⁇ -1,6-glycosidic bond with the compound represented by the above formula A-4.
- TMSOTf trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
- Compounds of formula A-5 above can be produced.
- the compound represented by the formula A-3 and the compound represented by the formula A-4, which are starting materials can be produced as follows.
- the compound represented by formula A-3 can be produced by the following steps, but is not limited to this production method.
- formula A-1 (3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-1,2-O-(1-methoxyethylidene)- ⁇ -D-mannopyranose), for example, water and p-TsOH.H 2
- formula A-2 By adding O and then reacting with triethylamine, formula A-2 below: produces a compound represented by This step can be preferably carried out by the method shown in Example 1, for example.
- the compound of formula A-3 is produced by adding, for example, trichloroacetonitrile and diazabicycloundecene (DBU) to the compound of formula A-2.
- DBU diazabicycloundecene
- compounds of formula A-4 are produced by the following Steps X-1 to X-14, or by the following Steps X-1 to X-8+X-15 to X-16 . Details of each step are exemplified below, and each step can also be carried out using a conventional method for producing monosaccharides or oligosaccharides, or by applying such a conventional method.
- Step X-1 comprises the following formula C-1:
- the following formula C-2 is a step of producing a compound represented by
- the compound represented by formula C-1 which is the starting material for this step, can be produced by a known method, or a commercially available product can be used.
- Commercially available products of the compound represented by formula C-1 include, for example, 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene- ⁇ -D-glucofuranose manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich.
- This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 10, for example.
- Step X-2 converts a compound of formula C-2 by two-point acid hydrolysis of isopropylidene and pyranose ring formation to the following formula C-3: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 11, for example.
- step X-3 the hydroxyl group on the compound represented by formula C-3 is protected with an acetyl group to give the following formula C-4: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 12, for example.
- Step X-4 is carried out by selectively removing only the acetyl group in the acetyloxy group bonded to the carbon at the 1-position of the compound of formula C-4 to give the following formula C-5: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 12, for example.
- the step of producing the compound represented by formula C-5 from the compound represented by formula C-3 above) may be carried out in one pot, for example, as shown in Example 12.
- Step X-5 comprises reacting a compound of formula C-5 with trichloroacetonitrile to give the following formula C-6: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 13, for example.
- Step X-6 converts a compound of formula C-6 to the following formula C-7: by reacting with a compound of formula C-8 below: is a step of producing a compound represented by Compounds of formula C-7 can be prepared by known methods or are commercially available.
- Commercially available products of the compound represented by formula C-7 include, for example, 4-methoxyphenyl 3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimide- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. can be mentioned.
- This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 14, for example.
- Step X-7 is carried out by removing the acetyl group from the compound of formula C-8 to obtain the following formula C-9: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 15, for example.
- step X-7 comprises reacting a compound of formula C-8 with a strong base in the presence of a trifluoroacetate to eliminate the acetyl group to give a compound of formula C- It is a step of producing a compound represented by 9.
- the elimination reaction of the acetyl group has been reported to be carried out using sodium methoxide in methanol (Org. Biomol. Chem., 2018, 16, 4720-4727), in which case the ring opening of the phthalimide group An undesired side reaction may also occur at the same time.
- alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid used in the above step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but methyl trifluoroacetate, ethyl trifluoroacetate, propyl trifluoroacetate, isopropyl trifluoroacetate, butyl trifluoroacetate , methyl pentafluoropropionate, ethyl pentafluoropropionate, propyl pentafluoropropionate, isopropyl pentafluoropropionate, methyl heptafluorobutyrate, ethyl heptafluorobutyrate, propyl heptafluorobutyrate, isopropyl heptafluorobutyrate, butyl heptafluorobutyrate , methyl nonafluorovalerate, ethyl nonafluorovalerate, propyl nonafluorovalerate, isopropyl
- strong base is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but for example, sodium, lithium, and potassium salts of metal amides; and barium salts; sodium hydride, potassium hydride, lithium hydride, butyllithium, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, lithium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, cesium phosphate, lithium phosphate, diazabicyclo undecene (DBU), diazabicyclononene (DBN), and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG); and combinations thereof, for example sodium salts of C1-C20 alkoxides.
- DBU diazabicyclo undecene
- DBN diazabicyclononene
- TMG 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine
- lithium salt and potassium salt include lithium methoxide, sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide, lithium ethoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium ethoxide, lithium isopropoxide, sodium isopropoxide, potassium isopropoxide, lithium tert -butoxide, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, lithium tert-pentoxide, sodium tert-pentoxide or potassium tert-pentoxide, particularly preferably sodium tert-butoxide, lithium tert-butoxide, potassium Mention may be made of tert-butoxide, LHMDS (lithium hexamethyldisilazide).
- LHMDS lithium hexamethyldisilazide
- the solvent in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds.
- C1-C10 alcohol solvent can be substituted with alcohols having more carbon atoms
- C1-C5 alcohols methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc.
- the reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but for example, -20°C to 80°C, preferably 0°C to 70°C, more preferably 20°C to 65°C, particularly preferably , 40°C to 60°C.
- step X-8 in the compound represented by formula C-9, the hydroxyl groups bonded to the 4-position and 6-position carbons of D-glucopyranoside are selectively protected using benzaldehyde dimethylacetal to obtain the following Formula C-10: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 16, for example.
- Step X-9 removes a compound represented by formula C-10 from the group consisting of a trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy group, a nonafluorobutanesulfonyloxy group, a 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy group and a 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy group.
- the "compound imparting a leaving group selected from the group consisting of a trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy group, a nonafluorobutanesulfonyloxy group, a 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy group and a 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy group” includes, for example , trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride, nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonyl fluoride, bis(nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonic acid) anhydride, 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, or 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, preferably can include trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride.
- the solvent in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds.
- Examples include ethyl acetate, toluene, dichloromethane, acetonitrile, cyclopentyl methyl ether, or tert-butyl methyl ether, preferably ethyl acetate, Mention may be made of toluene or dichloromethane.
- the reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but for example, -40°C to 60°C, preferably -30°C to 40°C, more preferably -20°C to 10°C. can be done.
- This step can be preferably carried out in the presence of a base.
- the base used in this step is not particularly limited as long as the reaction proceeds. Examples thereof include 1-methylimidazole, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, picoline, lutidine and collidine. -methylimidazole.
- Step X-10 comprises reacting a compound of formula C-11 with cesium acetate or tetrabutylammonium acetate to give the following formula C-12: wherein X 2 is an acetyl group, or by reacting a compound of formula C-11 with tetrabutylammonium benzoate to give the following formula C- 12: is a process for producing a compound represented by (wherein X 2 is a benzoyl group).
- the solvent in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but examples include dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylimidazolidinone, sulfolane, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile. preferably dimethylsulfoxide.
- the reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is, for example, 20° C. to 80° C., preferably 23° C. to 70° C., more preferably 26° C. to 60° C., particularly preferably 30°C to 50°C can be mentioned.
- Step X-11 involves removing the X 2 group and ring-opening the phthalimido group in a compound of formula C-12 to give the following formula C-13: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be carried out by using or applying a known hydrolysis method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 18, for example.
- the compound represented by formula C-13 produced may be dissolved in the solvent and used as it is in the next step, or may be isolated and purified by recrystallization.
- a major advantage of the compound represented by formula C-13 is that it can be isolated and purified by crystallization. Crystallization can almost completely remove impurities having similar structures that are difficult to remove by column purification. In this case, the compound of formula C-13 can be obtained with an HPLC purity of 99% or more.
- Isolation/purification by recrystallization in this step is, for example, a method of completely removing the solvent by drying under reduced pressure from a state dissolved in the solvent, or using tetrahydrofuran as a good solvent, in the presence of a trace amount of water, A method of dropping isopropanol as a poor solvent can be mentioned.
- Recrystallization in this step can also be performed using seed crystals of the compound represented by formula C-13.
- seed crystals for example, tetrahydrofuran is used as a good solvent, a portion of isopropanol is added dropwise as a poor solvent in the presence of a small amount of water, the seed crystals are added, crystal precipitation is confirmed, and the remaining isopropanol is added dropwise. Crystallization can be performed by
- the step of producing the compound represented by formula C-13 from the compound represented by formula C-11 above may be carried out in one pot, for example, as shown in Example 18.
- step X-12 the ring-opened phthalimido group in the compound represented by formula C-13 is ring-closed by dehydration condensation to obtain the following formula C-14: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 19, for example.
- step X-13 in the compound represented by formula C-14, the hydroxyl group bonded to the carbon at the 2-position of D-mannopyranoside is protected with a benzyl group to obtain the following formula C-15: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 20, for example.
- step X-13 is attached to the 2-carbon of D-mannopyranoside in the compound of formula C-14 in the presence of lithium tert-butoxide or lithium tert-amoxide. It involves protecting the hydroxyl group with a benzyl group to produce a compound of formula C-15. Ring opening of the phthalimide can be suppressed by performing step X-15 in the presence of lithium tert-butoxide or lithium tert-amoxide. In addition, compared to general conditions using sodium hydride, it can be carried out safely and can be easily scaled up.
- the solvent in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, and examples thereof include dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone and N,N-dimethylimidazolidinone, preferably dimethylacetamide. can be mentioned.
- the reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is, for example, -20°C to 100°C, preferably -15°C to 70°C, particularly preferably -10°C to 50°C. can be done.
- Step X-14 is carried out by selectively reducing the benzylidene protecting group in compounds of formula C-15 (for more details see Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 1665-1668 ), wherein only the hydroxyl group attached to the 6-carbon of D-mannopyranoside is deprotected, the following formula A-4: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 21, for example.
- the compound represented by formula A-4 produced may be dissolved in the solvent and used as it is in the next step, or it may be isolated and purified by column purification or the like.
- steps X-9 to X-12 including the step of performing the stereoinversion of glucose to mannose using an S N 2 reaction, it is performed using a redox reaction. Steps X-15 and X-16 shown below for
- Step X-15 is performed by oxidizing the 2-position of the D-glucopyranoside in a compound of formula C-10 to give the following formula C-16: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method.
- Step X-16 is carried out by reducing the ketone group attached to carbon 2 of 2-keto-D-glucopyranoside in a compound of formula C-16 to the following formula C-14: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method.
- the solvent in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but examples include diethyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether, and 1,4-dioxane. preferably tetrahydrofuran.
- the reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but can be -80°C to 20°C, for example. As described below, the optimum reaction temperature differs depending on the reducing agent used.
- the oxo group attached to the carbon at the 2-position of 2-keto-D-glucopyranoside in the compound represented by formula C-16 is L-selectride, LS-selectride, lithium diisobutyl -tert-butoxyaluminum hydride (LDBBA), formula W below:
- L-selectride LS-selectride
- LLBBA lithium diisobutyl -tert-butoxyaluminum hydride
- the stereoselectivity was low (about 7:3), and it was difficult to efficiently obtain the desired stereoinversion from Gln to Man (Org. Biomol. Chem., 2018, 16, 4720-4727).
- the selectivity of the Gln ⁇ Man stereoinversion is greatly improved compared to the case with NaBH 4 (93.6:6.4-98. 1:1.9).
- compounds in which three R 3 are di-tert-butylmethylphenoxide can be prepared, for example, by adding 0 It can be obtained by adding dibutylhydroxytoluene (885.41 mg, 4.02 mmol) at °C and then stirring at 25 °C.
- Compounds of Formula W in which two R 3 are di-tert-butylmethylphenoxide can be prepared in a similar manner using 2 molar equivalents of dibutylhydroxytoluene to 1 molar equivalent of lithium aluminum hydride. can be obtained by
- the reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but when L-selectride, LS-selectride or LDBBA is used as the reducing agent, the reaction temperature is preferably -80°C. to -20°C, more preferably -80°C to -30°C, more preferably -80°C to -40°C, and particularly preferably -80°C to -50°C.
- the reaction temperature is preferably -20°C to 20°C, more preferably -15°C to 15°C, particularly preferably -10°C to 10°C. °C can be mentioned. Therefore, the compound represented by the formula W is particularly suitable as the reducing agent used in this step in that the reaction proceeds at a temperature that is easier to handle.
- the compound represented by formula A-5 can be obtained in a purified form by the following purification method.
- the purification method includes the compound represented by the above formula A-5 generated after the reaction between the compound represented by the above formula A-4 and the compound represented by the above formula A-3 and contaminants.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent to adsorb the compound represented by the above formula A-5 in the hydrophobic carrier, and then filtration and the hydrophobic carrier are combined with the water-soluble organic solvent and water.
- Contaminants are removed by washing with a mixed solution of and then, by eluting the compound represented by the above formula A-5 from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent, the compound represented by the above formula A-5 including purifying compounds that are According to this purification method, in the liquid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharide chains, reagent residues remaining after the glycosylation reaction and impurities derived from the sugar donor and sugar acceptor are washed away using a small amount of a hydrophobic carrier. Since these impurities can be easily removed and reaction inhibition and side reactions caused by these impurities can be suppressed, it has become possible to produce high-quality oligosaccharides in large quantities and efficiently.
- the present invention can reduce the number of steps for tag detachment and prevent deterioration of tag functionality during oligomerization by utilizing the hydrophobicity of the substrate itself, compared to conventionally developed methods. Therefore, it is possible to produce oligosaccharides more efficiently.
- the compound represented by formula A-5 can be easily separated and purified from the decomposed product derived from the compound represented by formula A-3 by the above purification method.
- the purification of the compound represented by formula A-5 above is not limited to the purification in this step I-1-1. Therefore, in one aspect of the present invention, a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the above formula A-5 and contaminants, and the above formula A-5 is added to the hydrophobic carrier. The compound represented by is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and water. Also provided is a method comprising purifying a compound of formula A-5 above by eluting the compound of formula A-5 from a hydrophobic carrier. Furthermore, the above purification method can also be applied to purification of organic compounds other than sugar compounds.
- the organic compound to be purified is a sugar compound
- a protected oligosaccharide having a sugar chain structure consisting of 3 to 15 sugar residues in which one or all of the hydroxyl groups in the sugar are protected can be preferably purified.
- sugar chain-protecting groups include, but are not limited to, alkyl ethers, benzyl ethers, silyl ethers, esters, and carbonate esters.
- contaminants refer to compounds and reagents other than the protected oligosaccharide (in this step, the compound represented by the above formula A-5), reagents used in the synthesis reaction of the protected oligosaccharide, residues thereof, protected oligosaccharide It mainly means sugars other than protected oligosaccharides such as monosaccharide or disaccharide compounds used in the elongation reaction of , or by-products produced by the deprotection reaction of protected oligosaccharides.
- hydrophobic carrier refers to a hydrophobic adsorbent material that adsorbs to specific compounds including sugar compounds.
- hydrophobic carrier is poly(styrene/divinylbenzene) polymer gel resin, polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin, polyhydroxymethacrylate resin, styrene vinylbenzene copolymer resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polystyrene resin, polymethacrylate resin, chemically bonded silica gel resin, and combinations thereof, but not limited thereto.
- the above-mentioned "chemically bonded silica gel resin” includes (1) a resin obtained by reacting silica gel with a silane coupling agent, (2) silica gel, dimethyloctadecyl, octadecyl, trimethyloctadecyl, dimethyloctyl, octyl, butyl, and ethyl , a resin obtained by chemically bonding a methyl, phenyl, cyanopropyl, or aminopropyl group, (3) a resin obtained by chemically bonding a docosyl or triacontyl group to silica gel, and (4) (1) to It is selected from the group consisting of combinations of (3), but octadecyl group-bonded silica gel resins (ODS resins) are preferably used, but are not limited thereto.
- ODS resins octadecyl group-bonded silica gel resins
- water-soluble organic solvent is not particularly limited, but water-soluble alcohol solvents (preferably C1 to C4), water-soluble nitrile solvents (acetonitrile etc.), water-soluble ether solvents (tetrahydrofuran etc. ), water-soluble ketone-based solvents (acetone, etc.), water-soluble amide-based solvents (dimethylformamide, etc.), or water-soluble sulfoxide-based solvents (dimethylsulfoxide, etc.) can be used, and acetonitrile can be preferably used. .
- water-soluble alcohol solvents preferably C1 to C4
- water-soluble nitrile solvents acetonitrile etc.
- water-soluble ether solvents tetrahydrofuran etc.
- water-soluble ketone-based solvents acetone, etc.
- water-soluble amide-based solvents dimethylformamide, etc.
- water-soluble sulfoxide-based solvents dimethylsulfoxide, etc.
- the "organic solvent” used in the elution step of the target substance from the hydrophobic carrier is not particularly limited, but nitrile solvents (acetonitrile etc.), ether solvents (tetrahydrofuran etc.), ester solvents ( ethyl acetate, etc.), ketone solvents (acetone, etc.), halogen solvents (dichloromethane, etc.), aromatic solvents (toluene, etc.), or mixed solvents containing at least one of the above solvent systems can be used.
- acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, toluene can be preferably used.
- the above purification step is not particularly limited, but can be performed at a temperature of 0°C to 50°C.
- the compound represented by the above formula A-7 can be produced from the compound represented by the above formula A-5 by the following steps I-1-2 to I-1-3. However, it is not limited to these manufacturing processes.
- Step I-1-2 comprises deprotecting the 4-methoxyphenyl group from the compound of formula A-5 above to give is a step of producing a compound represented by
- this step comprises reacting a compound of formula A-5 above with ⁇ 3-iodane in a fluorous alcohol and water to deprotect the 4-methoxyphenyl group to obtain
- This is the step of producing a compound represented by A-6.
- This step can be preferably carried out by the method shown in Example 23, for example.
- ⁇ 3-iodane means a trivalent hypervalent iodine compound.
- R 4 is an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl group and R 5 is H, acetoxy, trifluoroacetoxy , tosyloxy, methanesulfonyloxy, and combinations thereof).
- R 4 may be a "substituted phenyl group", and examples of such substituents include linear or branched saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups, oxygen-containing groups (alkoxy, ester etc.), nitrogen-containing groups (cyano, azide, etc.), halogen atoms (e.g., fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom), etc., more preferably hydrocarbon groups, oxygen-containing substituents, halogen is an atom.
- substituents contain carbon, for example, those having 1 to 5 carbons or those having 1 to 3 carbons can be preferably used.
- ⁇ 3-iodane examples include [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene (PIFA), [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (HTIB), (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (PIDA), [bis(trifluoro Acetoxy)iodo]pentafluorobenzene, and [hydroxy(methanesulfonyloxy)iodo]benzene, but not limited to.
- Fluorous alcohol used in the above process means a fluorine-containing alcohol compound in which all carbons except the carbons bonded to the alcohol have fluorine. As long as fluorine substitution is tolerated, the fluorous alcohol preferably has more fluorine. Fluorous alcohols include, but are not limited to, fluorous fatty alcohols. The hydrocarbon moiety in the fluorous fatty alcohol may be saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, and cyclic. The fluorous fatty alcohol is, for example, a fluorous C 2 -C 8 fatty alcohol, preferably a fluorous C 2 -C 5 fatty alcohol, more preferably a fluorous C 2 -C 3 fatty alcohol. .
- fluorous alcohols include hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-
- HFIP hexafluoro-2-propanol
- TFE 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol
- Non-limiting examples include the group consisting of 1-pentanol, nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.
- This process is carried out in the coexistence of the fluorous alcohol and "water".
- the amount of water can be appropriately set from the viewpoint of achieving a high yield of the product. about 1.5 equivalents or more, about 2.0 equivalents or more, or about 2.5 equivalents or more, and a volume ratio of about 10 or less, about 8 or less, about It can be 5 or less, or about 3 or less.
- an "additive" may be added to the fluorous alcohol and water.
- the additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, trifluoroacetic acid, and combinations thereof.
- the amount of the additive can be set as appropriate, for example, about 0.5 to 8 equivalents, about 1 to 6 equivalents, or about 1.5 to 5 equivalents relative to the compound represented by formula A-5. obtain.
- Step I-1-3 is a step of producing a compound represented by the above formula A-7 from the compound represented by the above formula A-6. This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 24, for example.
- the process comprises reacting a compound of formula A-6 above with 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride (TFPC) in the presence of DBU.
- TFPC 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride
- DBU 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride
- the solvent in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but examples include dichloromethane, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, or tetrahydrofuran, preferably dichloromethane.
- the reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is preferably -20°C to 40°C, more preferably -10°C to 35°C, and particularly preferably 0°C to 30°C. can be mentioned.
- This step is preferably carried out in the presence of a dehydrating agent.
- the dehydrating agent used in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but for example, molecular sieves can be used, and molecular sieves 4A powder having a powder particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less can be preferably used.
- the compound represented by A-7 produced may be dissolved in the solvent and used as it is in the next step, provided that the operation of removing the base used in the reaction has been performed.
- it can be isolated and purified by column purification or the like. Examples of isolation/purification using a column include isolation/purification using silica gel as the stationary phase and dichloromethane or a toluene-ethyl acetate mixed solvent system as the mobile phase.
- Step I-2 converts the compound of formula A-7 above to the following formula A-8:
- Step I-2 converts the compound of formula A-7 above to the following formula A-8:
- Step I-2-1 is a ⁇ -1,4-glycosidic linkage of a compound of formula A-7 with a compound of formula A-8 to produce a compound of formula A-9. It is a process.
- Compounds of formula A-8 can be prepared by known methods or are commercially available.
- Commercially available products of the compound represented by formula A-8 include, for example, 4-methoxyphenyl 3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimide- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. can be mentioned.
- This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 25, for example.
- the compound represented by formula A-9 can be obtained in a purified form by the following purification method.
- the purification method includes the compound represented by the formula A-9 generated after the reaction between the compound represented by the formula A-7 and the compound represented by the formula A-8 and contaminants.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent to adsorb the compound represented by the above formula A-9 on the hydrophobic carrier, and then filtration and the hydrophobic carrier are combined with the water-soluble organic solvent and water.
- Contaminants are removed by washing with a mixed solution of and then, by eluting the compound represented by the above formula A-9 from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent, the compound represented by the above formula A-9 including purifying compounds that are As described in the method for purifying the compound represented by formula A-5 above, this purification method uses a small amount of a hydrophobic carrier to produce a large amount of high-quality oligosaccharides in liquid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharide chains. and efficient production.
- the compound of formula A-8 which is a monosaccharide
- the compound of formula A-9 which is a tetrasaccharide
- hexane which is a typical column solvent system.
- the Rf values were the same and separation was difficult, but by using the purification method of the present invention, it is possible to easily separate monosaccharides and tetrasaccharides that are very close in polarity. became.
- the purification of the compound represented by formula A-9 above is not limited to the purification in this step I-2-1. Therefore, in one aspect of the present invention, a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the above formula A-9 and contaminants, and the above formula A-9 is added to the hydrophobic carrier. The compound represented by is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and water. Also provided is a method comprising purifying a compound of formula A-9 above by eluting the compound of formula A-9 from a hydrophobic carrier.
- contaminants refers to compounds and reagents other than the protected oligosaccharide (in this step, the compound represented by formula A-9), reagents used in the synthesis reaction of the protected oligosaccharide, their residues, and the protected oligosaccharide. It mainly means sugars other than protected oligosaccharides, such as monosaccharide or disaccharide compounds used in elongation reaction, or by-products produced by deprotection reaction of protected oligosaccharides.
- the "hydrophobic carrier” reverse phase partition chromatography packing resin, etc.
- the "water-soluble organic solvent” the "organic solvent”
- purification temperature used in this step are the above formula A-5. Similar to those described for the purification methods of the indicated compounds.
- Step I-2-2 is a step of producing a compound represented by formula A-10 from a compound represented by formula A-9.
- step I-2-2 includes reacting the compound represented by formula A-9 with a strong base in the presence of a perfluorocarboxylic acid alkyl ester in a solvent to remove the acetyl group. It is a step of producing a compound represented by formula A-10 by separating (deacetylation reaction), which can be preferably carried out by the method shown in Example 26, for example.
- the deacetylation reaction can be carried out in the same manner as the deacetylation reaction described in step X-7, except that the substrate is different.
- the above deacetylation reaction is not limited to use in this step I-2-2. Accordingly, in one aspect of the present invention, in a method for producing a compound represented by the above formula A-10, the compound represented by the formula A-9 is strongly reacted in the presence of an alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid. A method is also provided comprising the step of reacting with a base.
- the alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid, strong base, solvent, and reaction temperature used in this step are as described in above step X-7.
- Step I-3 converts a compound of formula A-10 above to the following formula A-11: by forming a ⁇ -1,2-glycosidic bond with a compound represented by the following formula A-12: A step of producing an oligosaccharide of formula A-13 above, comprising producing a compound of formula A-13.
- Step I-3 includes Steps I-3-1 to I-3-2 below.
- step I-3-1 a compound represented by the above formula A-12 is obtained by forming a ⁇ -1,2-glycosidic bond between the compound represented by the above formula A-10 and the compound represented by the above formula A-11.
- This is the process of generating.
- the glycosidic bonding step described above can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 27, for example.
- the compound represented by formula A-11 can be produced as follows. Additionally, compounds of Formula A-12 may be purified as described below.
- the compound of Formula A-11 above is (Step Y-1) Formula B-1 below:
- a step of producing a compound represented by (Step Y-2) Lithium tert-butoxide or lithium tert-amoxide is added to a solvent containing the compound represented by the formula B-4 and the benzyl halide or benzyl sulfonate to obtain the compound represented by the formula B-4.
- a step of producing a compound represented by The step Y-1 includes steps Y-1-1 and Y-1-2, and the step Y-2 includes steps Y-2-1 to Y-2-3.
- step Y-1-1 a compound represented by the above formula B-3 is formed by forming a ⁇ 1,4-glycosidic bond between the compound represented by the above formula B-1 and the compound represented by the above formula B-2. is a step of generating Commercially available products of the compound represented by formula B-1 include 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl- ⁇ -D-galactopyranosyl 2,2,2-trichloroacetate available from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Mention may be made of the imidate (86520-63-0).
- commercial products of the compound represented by formula B-2 include, for example, 4-methoxyphenyl 3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimide- ⁇ -D manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. - glucopyranosides may be mentioned.
- This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but can preferably be performed, for example, by the method shown in Example 3, for example, represented by the above formula B-2
- a compound represented by the following formula B-3 is obtained by sequentially adding a solution containing the compound represented by the above formula B-1, molecular sieve 4A powder, and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) to the solution containing the compound. can be generated.
- TMSOTf trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
- step Y-1-2 the acetyl group is removed from the compound represented by B-3 to obtain the following formula B-4: is a step of producing a compound represented by
- the above deprotection of the acetyl group (AcO) can be carried out by using a known method, preferably by the method shown in Example 4, for example, Elimination of the acetyl group by reacting compounds of formula B-3 with a strong base in the presence of a trifluoroacetate in a solvent can provide compounds of formula B-4. .
- Step Y-2-1 is a step of producing a compound represented by the above formula B-5 by protecting multiple hydroxyl groups present in the compound represented by the above formula B-4 with a benzyl group.
- this step Y-2-1 comprises a compound represented by formula B-4 above and a solvent containing benzyl halide (benzyl bromide, benzyl chloride, benzyl fluoride, or benzyl iodide) or benzyl sulfonate
- benzyl halide benzyl bromide, benzyl chloride, benzyl fluoride, or benzyl iodide
- benzyl sulfonate The compound represented by the above formula B-5 by adding lithium tert-butoxide or lithium tert-amoxide to protect multiple hydroxyl groups present in the compound represented by the above formula B-4 with a benzyl group.
- a method for producing a compound represented by formula B-5 above comprises a compound represented by formula B-4 above and a benzyl halide (benzyl bromide, benzyl chloride, benzyl fluoride , or benzyl iodide) or benzyl sulfonate), lithium tert-butoxide or lithium tert-amoxide is added to replace the hydroxyl group present in the compound represented by the above formula B-4 with a benzyl group.
- a method is also provided comprising the step of protecting.
- the solvent used in this step is not particularly limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but amide solvents (dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.), ether solvents (tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, etc.), aromatic solvents (toluene, etc.) , a hydrocarbon solvent (hexane, etc.), a urea solvent, or a mixed solvent containing at least one of the above solvent systems can be used, and an amide solvent (dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.) is more preferably used. can do.
- reaction in this step is preferably carried out at 0°C to 60°C, more preferably at 30°C to 50°C.
- the compound represented by formula B-5 above can be purified by the following steps.
- the process involves ring-opening the phthalimido group in the compound of formula B-5 and then forming a salt with cinchonidine to give a crystalline cinchonidine salt of formula B-6:
- a solvent is added to remove cinchonidine in the compound represented by the formula B-6 and the following formula B-7:
- a compound of formula B-5 can be regenerated by forming a compound of formula B-7 and then closing the ring-opened phthalimido group in the compound of formula B-7.
- the compound of formula B-6 (the cinchonidine salt of the compound of formula B-7) is crystalline, whereas the compounds of formulas B-3, B-4, and B-5 above do not crystallize.
- the phthalimide in the compound represented by formula B-5 is once ring-opened, and the carboxylic acid moiety in the phthalimide group thus generated and cinchonidine form a salt to form a salt represented by formula B-5.
- the cinchonidine in the compound of formula B-6 above is removed, for example, by addition of an acidic aqueous solution and a solvent, and then , the phthalimide can be ring-closed again to obtain a highly purified compound represented by the formula B-5.
- the ring-opening and ring-closing of phthalimide can be performed using a known method, and the ring-opening of phthalimide can be performed, for example, by adding sodium hydroxide in methanol-tetrahydrofuran. can be performed, for example, by adding carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) in tetrahydrofuran solvent. This step can be suitably carried out, for example, by the methods shown in Examples 6 and 7.
- step Y-2-2 the 4-methoxyphenyl group is removed from the compound represented by formula B-5 to give the following formula B-8: is a step of producing a compound represented by
- this step Y-2-2 comprises reacting the compound represented by formula B-5 with ⁇ 3-iodane in a fluorous alcohol and water to eliminate the 4-methoxyphenyl group,
- This is a step of producing a compound represented by formula B-8 above, and can be suitably carried out, for example, by the method shown in Example 8.
- This step can be carried out according to Step I-1-2 above, and the fluorous alcohol and ⁇ 3-iodane used in this step are the same as those used in Step I-1-2 above. can be used.
- Step Y-2-3 is a step of producing the compound represented by the above formula A-11 from the compound represented by the above formula B-8.
- step Y-2-3 the compound represented by formula B-8 above is treated with 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimide in the presence of N-methylimidazole.
- TFPC yl chloride
- the equivalent amount of TFPC is reduced compared to, for example, potassium carbonate. is possible, and the desired product can be obtained with a high yield.
- the solvent and reaction temperature used, the fact that it is preferably carried out in the presence of a dehydrating agent, and the fact that it may be isolated and purified by column purification or the like are the same as those in Step I-1-3 above. is.
- the compound represented by formula A-12 can be obtained in a purified form by the following purification method.
- the purification method includes the compound represented by the above formula A-12 generated after the reaction between the compound represented by the above formula A-10 and the compound represented by the above formula A-11 and contaminants.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent to adsorb the compound represented by the formula A-12 in the hydrophobic carrier, and then filtered and the hydrophobic carrier is combined with the water-soluble organic solvent.
- Contaminants are removed by washing with a mixed solution with water, and then the compound represented by the above formula A-12 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent to obtain the above formula A-12.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the above formula A-12 and contaminants, and the hydrophobic carrier contains the above formula A-12
- the compound represented by is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the soluble organic solvent and water.
- a method comprising purifying the compound of Formula A-12 above by eluting the compound of Formula A-12 from a hydrophobic carrier.
- contaminants refers to compounds and reagents other than the protected oligosaccharide (in this step, the compound represented by formula A-12), reagents used in the synthesis reaction of the protected oligosaccharide, their residues, and the protected oligosaccharide. It mainly means sugars other than protected oligosaccharides, such as monosaccharide or disaccharide compounds used in elongation reaction, or by-products produced by deprotection reaction of protected oligosaccharides.
- hydrophobic carrier reverse phase partition chromatography packing resin, etc.
- water-soluble organic solvent the "organic solvent”
- purification temperature used in the above steps are represented by the above formula A-5. It is the same as described in the purification method of the compound.
- Step I-3-2 is a step of producing an oligosaccharide represented by formula A-13 from a compound represented by formula A-12.
- step I-3-2 the compound represented by formula A-12 is treated with DDQ (2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-) in a mixed solvent of fluorous alcohol and water.
- DDQ 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-
- p-benzoquinone to eliminate the 2-naphthylmethyl group in the compound represented by the above formula A-12 (de-2-naphthylmethylation reaction) to give the oligo represented by the above formula A-13
- This is a step of producing sugar, and can be preferably carried out, for example, by the method shown in Example 28-1.
- the present inventors prepared a 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano- It has been found that by reacting (acting) p-benzoquinone, the reaction can be carried out under mild conditions with good stirring, and a de-2-naphthylmethylation product can be obtained in high yield. .
- the advantages of the de-2-naphthylmethylation reaction are described in greater detail below.
- a substrate such as a sugar having a 2-naphthylmethyl group bonded via an oxygen atom is de-2-naphthylmethylated in high yield under mild conditions.
- a product can be obtained.
- the by-product 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzohydroquinone does not cause deterioration of stirring properties or adhesion to the wall surface of the container, and the reaction can be carried out with good reproducibility. It is also suitable for mass synthesis of products.
- due to the abnormal freezing point depression of HFIP-H 2 O solidification of the solvent was not confirmed even when the reaction temperature was lowered to -30°C, and a wide temperature range can be applied according to the reactivity of the reaction substrate (melting point HFIP: ⁇ 3.3° C., H 2 O: 0° C.).
- the selectivity, especially for substrates with 10 or more benzylic groups, such as compounds of formula A-12, is not well understood.
- DDQ and by-products derived from DDQ have the problem of causing deterioration in stirring properties, and the reaction conditions are not suitable for large-scale synthesis.
- the DDQ/HFIP-H 2 O system of the present method realized a high selectivity of 85% or more for the compound represented by formula A-12 having 15 benzyl groups. In this method, deterioration of stirring properties due to DDQ as described above is not confirmed.
- the de-2-naphthylmethylation reaction described above is not limited to the reaction in this step I-3-1. Therefore, in one aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing the oligosaccharide represented by formula A-13 above, the compound represented by formula A-12 is added to DDQ (2 ,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone) to eliminate the 2-naphthylmethyl group in the compound of formula A-12.
- fluorous alcohol is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is preferably hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), 2,2,3,3, selected from the group consisting of 4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentanol, nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol and combinations thereof.
- HFIP hexafluoro-2-propanol
- TFE 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol
- 2,2,3,3 selected from the group consisting of 4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentanol, nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol and combinations thereof.
- de-2-naphthylmethylation reaction is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but it is preferably carried out at -35°C to 70°C, more preferably -30°C to -10°C.
- the following formula A-13 An oligosaccharide represented by is provided.
- the oligosaccharides of formula A-13 may include modifications thereof as long as they have the same functions or actions as the oligosaccharides, such as a chlorobenzyl group in place of the benzyl group in the oligosaccharides of formula A-13. Those having similar protective groups such as are also included.
- the compound of formula A-13 above may be purified by the following steps. As the step, the phthalimido group in the compound represented by formula A-13 is ring-opened, and then a salt is formed with (R)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine to obtain a crystalline
- the following formula A-14 and after separating the compound represented by the crystalline compound represented by the formula A-14 and the non-crystalline substance, the compound represented by the formula A-14 is obtained by adding an acidic aqueous solution and a solvent.
- a compound of formula A-13 can be regenerated by forming a compound of formula A-15 and then closing the ring-opened phthalimido group in the compound of formula A-15.
- the compound represented by formula A-14 (the (R)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine salt of the compound represented by formula A-15) is crystalline, whereas the compound represented by formula A-13 above is crystalline.
- the phthalimide in the compound represented by formula A-13 is once ring-opened, and the carboxylic acid moiety in the phthalimide group thus generated and (R)-(+)-1-( After separating the resulting crystalline material from the non-crystalline material by forming a salt with 1-naphthyl)ethylamine, (R )-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine is removed to give a compound of formula A-15, which is then ring-closed again with the phthalimide to yield a purified formula A-13. can be obtained.
- the ring-opening and ring-closing of phthalimide can be performed using a known method, and the ring-opening of phthalimide can be performed, for example, by adding sodium hydroxide in methanol-tetrahydrofuran. can be performed, for example, by adding carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) in tetrahydrofuran solvent. This step can be preferably carried out, for example, by the method shown in Example 28-2.
- CDI carbonyldiimidazole
- oligosaccharide represented by formula D-13 means the following oligosaccharide.
- a novel synthetic scheme for the oligosaccharide represented by the above formula D-13 includes the following steps II-1 to II-4.
- Step I-1 is a process of Formula A-13 below:
- D-1 By forming an ⁇ -1,3-glycosidic bond with a compound represented by the following formula D-1: to produce a compound of formula D-2 below: is a step of producing a compound represented by
- the step II-1 includes the following steps II-1-1 to II-1-2.
- step II-1-1 the compound represented by formula D-1 is obtained by ⁇ -1,3-glycosidic bonding between the compound represented by formula A-13 and the compound represented by formula A-3. It is a manufacturing process. This step can be carried out by using or applying a known method, and is preferably carried out, for example, by the method shown in Example 52.
- the compound represented by formula A-13 by sequentially adding molecular sieve 4A powder and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) in an organic solvent (toluene, etc.) to form an ⁇ -1,3-glycosidic bond with the compound represented by the above formula A-3, Compounds of formula D-1 above can be produced.
- TMSOTf trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
- the compound represented by formula D-1 can be obtained in a purified form by the following purification method.
- the purification method includes the compound represented by the above formula D-1 generated after the reaction between the compound represented by the above formula A-13 and the compound represented by the above formula A-3, and contaminants.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent to adsorb the compound represented by the above formula D-1 on the hydrophobic carrier, and then filtration and the hydrophobic carrier are combined with the water-soluble organic solvent and water.
- Contaminants are removed by washing with a mixed solution of the above formula D-1 by eluting the compound represented by the above formula D-1 from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- the purification of the compound represented by formula D-1 above is not limited to the purification in this step. Therefore, in one aspect of the present invention, a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the above formula D-1 and contaminants, and the above formula D-1 is added to the hydrophobic carrier. The compound represented by is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and water. Also provided is a method comprising purifying a compound of formula D-1 above by eluting the compound of formula D-1 from a hydrophobic carrier.
- contaminants refers to compounds and reagents other than the protected oligosaccharide (in this step, the compound represented by formula D-1), reagents used in the synthesis reaction of the protected oligosaccharide, residues thereof, and protected oligosaccharide. It mainly means sugars other than protected oligosaccharides, such as monosaccharide or disaccharide compounds used in elongation reaction, or by-products produced by deprotection reaction of protected oligosaccharides.
- the "hydrophobic carrier” reverse phase partition chromatography packing resin, etc.
- the "water-soluble organic solvent”, the “organic solvent”, and the purification temperature used in the step I-1- 1 is the same as that described in the method for purifying the compound represented by formula A-5 in 1.
- Step II-1-2 is a step of producing a compound of formula D-2 by eliminating the acetyl group from the compound of formula D-1. This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 53, for example.
- step II-1-2 includes reacting the compound represented by the above formula D-1 with a strong base in the presence of an alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid to eliminate the acetyl group.
- This is a step of producing a compound represented by formula D-2.
- the deacetylation reaction can be carried out in the same manner as the deacetylation reaction described in step X-7 above, except that the substrate is different. It is possible to carry out the deacetylation reaction while suppressing the ring opening of the phthalimide group by using the technique of reacting with a strong base under the following conditions.
- the above deacetylation reaction is not limited to use in this step II-1-2. Accordingly, in one aspect of the present invention, in a method for producing a compound represented by the above formula D-2, the compound represented by the above formula D-1 is strongly reacted in the presence of an alkyl ester of perfluorocarboxylic acid. A method is also provided comprising the step of reacting with a base.
- Step II-2 converts the compound of formula D-2 above to the following formula D-3: By forming a ⁇ -1,2-glycosidic bond with a compound represented by the following formula D-4: to produce a compound of formula D-5 below: After producing the compound represented by the formula D-5, the amino group in the compound represented by the above formula D-5 is replaced with an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group.
- COOAr aryloxycarbonyl
- Ac acetyl
- Tro 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl
- step II-2 includes the following steps II-2-1 to II-2-3.
- step II-2-1 the compound represented by the above formula D-4 is formed by forming a ⁇ -1,2-glycosidic bond between the compound represented by the above formula D-2 and the compound represented by the above formula D-3.
- the glycosidic bonding step described above can be performed by using or applying a known method, but can preferably be performed by, for example, the method shown in Example 54, for example, Molecular sieve 4A powder and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) are sequentially added in an organic solvent (toluene, etc.) to form a ⁇ -1,2-glycosidic bond with the compound represented by the above formula D-3.
- TMSOTf trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
- substep Z-2 comprises reacting a compound of formula F-1 with ⁇ 3-iodane in a fluorous alcohol and water to eliminate the 4-methoxyphenyl group.
- a step of producing a compound represented by Formula F-2 can be preferably carried out by the method shown in Example 35, for example.
- This step can be carried out according to Step I-1-2 above, and the fluorous alcohol and ⁇ 3-iodane used in this step are the same as those used in Step I-1-2 above. can be used.
- substep Z-3 is performed by reacting with 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride (TFPC) in the presence of N-methylimidazole to
- TFPC 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride
- This is a step of producing a compound represented by D-3, and can be preferably carried out by the method shown in Example 36, for example.
- N-methylimidazole as the base used, as described for the similar reaction in step I-1-3, the equivalent amount of TFPC is reduced compared to, for example, potassium carbonate. is possible, and the desired product can be obtained with a high yield.
- the solvent and reaction temperature used, the fact that it is preferably carried out in the presence of a dehydrating agent, and the fact that it may be isolated and purified by column purification or the like are the same as those in Step I-1-3 above. is.
- Step II-2-2 is a step of removing the phthalimido group, which is a protective group for the amino group on the compound of formula D-4 above, to produce a compound of formula D-5.
- This step can be suitably carried out, for example, by the method shown in Example 55-1, for example, by adding n-butanol and ethylenediamine to the solution containing the compound represented by formula D-4. can be done, but is not limited to these.
- the compound represented by formula D-5 can be obtained in a purified form by the following purification method.
- the purification method includes the compound represented by the above formula D-5 produced after the reaction between the compound represented by the above formula D-3 and the compound represented by the above formula D-4, and contaminants.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent to adsorb the compound represented by the formula D-5 in the hydrophobic carrier, and then filtration and the hydrophobic carrier are combined with the water-soluble organic solvent and water.
- Contaminants are removed by washing with a mixed solution, and then the compound represented by the above formula D-5 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent, so that the compound represented by the above formula D-5 including purifying compounds that are As described in the method for purifying the compound represented by formula A-5 in step I-1-1 above, in this purification method, by using a small amount of hydrophobic carrier, in the liquid phase synthesis of oligosaccharide chains, It has become possible to produce high-quality oligosaccharides in large quantities and efficiently.
- the purification of the compound represented by formula D-5 above is not limited to the purification in this step. Therefore, in one aspect of the present invention, a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the above formula D-5 and contaminants, and the above formula D-5 is added to the hydrophobic carrier. The compound represented by is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and water. Also provided is a method comprising purifying the compound of formula D-5 above by eluting the compound of formula D-5 from a hydrophobic carrier.
- contaminants refers to compounds and reagents other than the protected oligosaccharide (in this step, the compound represented by formula D-5), reagents used in the synthesis reaction of the protected oligosaccharide, their residues, and the protected oligosaccharide. It mainly means sugars other than protected oligosaccharides, such as monosaccharide or disaccharide compounds used in elongation reaction, or by-products produced by deprotection reaction of protected oligosaccharides.
- the "hydrophobic carrier” reverse phase partition chromatography packing resin, etc.
- the "water-soluble organic solvent”, the “organic solvent”, and the purification temperature used in the step I-1- 1 is the same as that described in the method for purifying the compound represented by formula A-5 in 1.
- the compound represented by formula D-5 above can also be purified by the following steps. This purification may be performed separately from or in addition to purification (1) of the compound represented by formula D-5 above.
- the process includes first reacting a compound represented by formula D-5 with fumaric acid to obtain a crystalline fumarate salt of formula D-5-FMA: and the crystalline compound of formula D-5-FMA can be separated from the non-crystalline material.
- the compound represented by formula D-5-FMA may be dissolved in a solvent and used as it is in the next step II-2-3, or converted to a compound represented by formula D-5. good too.
- Conversion to the compound represented by the formula D-5 is carried out by removing fumaric acid in the compound represented by the formula D-5-FMA to the aqueous layer, such as by adding a basic aqueous solution and a solvent, and then concentrating the organic layer.
- a highly purified compound represented by formula D-5 can be obtained.
- impurities with similar structures such as stereoisomers, which are difficult to remove even in column purification, can be easily removed.
- This step can be preferably carried out, for example, by the method shown in Example 55-2.
- step II-2-3 the amino group in the compound represented by formula D-5 above is replaced with an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group, and a phthalimido (Pht) group to protect the compound represented by the above formula D-6 (wherein R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or 2 , 2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group, and R 6 is a hydrogen atom, or R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a phthalimido group ) is generated.
- COOAr aryloxycarbonyl
- Ac acetyl
- Troc 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl
- Pht phthalimido
- the purpose of introducing such an amino-protecting group as described above is that it is more linear to use an acetyl group as the amino-protecting group for the production of the target compound (compound represented by formula D-13).
- the amino group protected with an acetyl group (- NHAc group) is present in the reaction substrate, the reaction with the Lewis acid significantly reduces the reactivity of the desired glycosylation reaction, and an excess amount of the glycosyl donor is required for completion of the reaction. is.
- a temporary protecting group on the glucosamine nitrogen is selected from aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr), 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc), and phthalimido (Pht) groups.
- COOAr aryloxycarbonyl
- Troc 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl
- Pht phthalimido
- Aryl (Ar) group in aryloxycarbonyl means a group formed by removing one hydrogen atom on an aromatic ring in an aromatic hydrocarbon, including, but not limited to, a phenyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-pyridyl group, 3-pyridyl group, nitrophenyl group, chlorophenyl group, fluorophenyl group, bromophenyl group, iodophenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, and C1-C4 alkylphenyl group and preferably a phenyl group.
- An aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group undergoes a glycosylation reaction better than other protecting groups, and the subsequent deprotection reaction can be carried out under suitable conditions such as general hydrolysis conditions, room temperature, and within 1 hour. It has been found that deprotection of is possible.
- the above step can be suitably carried out, for example, by the methods shown in Examples 56-59, for example, by adding tetrahydrofuran and sodium bicarbonate, carbonate to a solution of the compound of formula D-5 in tetrahydrofuran. It can be carried out by adding an aqueous solution obtained by dissolving potassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate in water, but is not limited to these.
- the compound represented by formula D-6 above is obtained by selectively removing the acetyl (Ac) group on the compound represented by formula D-4 above. wherein R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a phthalimido group.
- the selective removal of the acetyl group can be performed under methyl trifluoroacetate conditions, but is not limited to this. This step yields the same results as when a phthalimide (Pht) group is selected as the amino-protecting group in the compound represented by formula D-5 above in steps II-2-2 and II-2-3. .
- Step II-3 converts the compound of formula D-6 above to the following formula D-7:
- a compound represented by the following formula D-8 (wherein R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group, and R 6 is a hydrogen atom or R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a phthalimido group), then protect the amino group in the compound of formula D-8.
- COOAr aryloxycarbonyl
- Ac acetyl
- Troc 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl
- Step II-3 includes the following Steps II-3-1 to II-3-4.
- This step is a step of forming a compound represented by formula D-8 by forming a ⁇ -1,4-glycosidic bond between a compound represented by formula D-6 above and a compound represented by formula D-7 below.
- the glycosidic bonding step described above can be performed by using or applying a known method, but can be preferably performed by, for example, the methods shown in Examples 60-63.
- compounds of formula D-7 above can be prepared as in substeps V-1 to V-11 below.
- This step includes, as an essential minor step, the minor step V-7 described later in which two molecules of monosaccharides are ⁇ -2,6-glycoside-bonded to synthesize a disaccharide block.
- it can be carried out using conventional methods in oligosaccharide production or by applying such conventional methods.
- Step V includes the following sub-steps.
- Sub-step V-1 is the following formula G-1:
- the following formula G-2 is a step of producing a compound represented by The compound of formula G-1, which is the starting material for this step, is the compound identified as CAS number 100759-10-2 and can be prepared by known methods, for example, as described in Examples 37 and 38. It can be manufactured by the method shown. This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 39, for example.
- Step V-2 is carried out by removing the benzylidene protecting group from the compound of formula G-2 to give the following formula G-3: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, and preferably by the method shown in Example 40, for example.
- this step is a step of solid phase extraction of the compound represented by formula G-3 by contacting a solvent in which the produced compound represented by formula G-3 is dissolved with silica gel. including. Since the unreacted compound represented by the formula G-2 and the desorbed benzaldehyde are not adsorbed on the silica gel, the compound represented by the formula G-3 can be efficiently purified by this step.
- Solvents for dissolving the compound represented by formula G-3 include, for example, toluene, heptane, dichloromethane, chloroform, or combinations thereof, preferably toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, or these Combinations can be mentioned, and particularly preferably toluene can be mentioned, but not limited to these.
- silica gel in this step for example, silica gel in an amount of 2 to 5 times the amount of the raw material can be used, and preferably silica gel in an amount of 2 to 4 times the amount of the raw material can be used. Preferably, about three times the amount of silica gel can be used with respect to the starting material.
- the solvent for eluting the compound represented by the formula G-3 adsorbed on silica gel is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve silica gel and can elute the desired product.
- the solvent for eluting the compound represented by the formula G-3 adsorbed on silica gel is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve silica gel and can elute the desired product.
- cyclopentyl methyl ether ethyl acetate, or tert-butyl methyl ether.
- Sub-step V-3 is the following formula G-4:
- the following formula G-5 is a step of producing a compound represented by The compound represented by formula G-4, which is the starting material for this step, can be produced by a known method, or a commercially available product can be used.
- Commercially available products of the compound represented by formula G-4 include, for example, N-acetylneuraminic acid manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 41, for example.
- ⁇ Small process V-4> in the compound represented by formula G-5, a hydroxyl group other than the hydroxyl group bonded to carbon at position 1 is selectively protected with an acetyl group to obtain the following formula G-6: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 42, for example.
- Substep V-5 involves reacting a compound of formula G-6 with 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride (TFPC) to give the following formula G-7: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 43, for example.
- TFPC 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride
- this step is a step of producing a compound of formula G-7 by reacting a compound of formula G-6 with TFPC in the presence of N-methylimidazole. .
- N-methylimidazole when N-methylimidazole is used, it is possible to reduce the equivalent amount of TFPC, and even in that case, the desired product can be obtained in high yield. Obtainable. Since TFPC is an expensive reagent, improving the yield of the process is very beneficial for commercial production.
- the solvent in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but examples include dichloromethane, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, or tetrahydrofuran, preferably dichloromethane.
- the reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is preferably 20°C to 40°C, more preferably 10°C to 35°C, and particularly preferably 0°C to 30°C. can be done.
- This step is preferably carried out in the presence of a dehydrating agent.
- the dehydrating agent used in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but for example, molecular sieves can be used, and molecular sieves 4A powder having a powder particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less can be preferably used.
- Step V-6 is carried out by protecting the nitrogen atom in the acetamide group of the compound of formula G-7 with a tert-butoxycarbonyl group to give the following formula G-8: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 44, for example.
- the produced compound represented by formula G-8 may be dissolved in the solvent and used as it is in the next step, or may be isolated and purified by recrystallization.
- the compound represented by the formula G-8 has a great advantage in that it can be isolated and purified by crystallization, and the compound represented by the formula G-8 with an HPLC purity of 99% or more can be obtained by crystallization. , Since it does not contain impurities, it becomes possible to stably carry out the glycosylation reaction in the next step. Isolation and purification by recrystallization can be performed, for example, by adding heptane to a solution of cyclopentyl methyl ether to crystallize.
- ⁇ Small process V-7> the compound represented by formula G-8 and the compound represented by formula G-3 are ⁇ -2,6-glycosidic bonded to give the following formula G-9: is a step of producing a compound represented by It is difficult to bind an N-acetylneuraminic acid derivative and a galactose derivative selectively through an ⁇ -2,6-glycoside bond. (J.Org.Chem., 2016, 81, 10600-10616), but it is not easy to reproduce the reaction, and the desired yield, No selectivity could be obtained. In addition, in this reaction, the higher the scale, the lower the selectivity, the narrower the reaction temperature tolerance, and the greater the influence of reaction heat.
- This step can be preferably carried out in the presence of a Lewis acid.
- the Lewis acid in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds. Examples include trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, triisopropylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, and tert-butyldimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. can include trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate.
- the solvent in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but examples include diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, dipropyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane. , toluene, chlorobenzene, trifluoromethylbenzene, propionitrile or acetonitrile, preferably cyclopentyl methyl ether.
- reaction temperature in this step is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds. -78°C to -40°C is particularly preferred.
- a mixed solution of the compound represented by Formula G-8 and the compound represented by Formula G-3 is added to a Lewis acid. (preferably a cyclopentyl methyl ether solution) over a long period of time, or a solution of the compound represented by formula G-8 (preferably a cyclopentyl methyl ether solution) is added to a Lewis acid and formula G-3 can be carried out by adding dropwise to a solution containing the compound represented by (preferably cyclopentylmethyl ether solution) for a long period of time, preferably a solution of the compound represented by Formula G-8 (preferably cyclopentylmethyl ether solution) can be added dropwise over a long period of time to a solution containing a Lewis acid and the compound represented by formula G-3 (preferably a cyclopentylmethyl ether solution).
- the dropwise addition time is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is, for example
- the step includes a step of solid phase extraction of the compound of formula G-9 by contacting a solvent in which the compound of formula G-9 is dissolved with silica gel.
- N-phenyltrifluoroacetamide which is a by-product of the glycosylation reaction, and other trace impurities that are not adsorbed to silica gel in the toluene solvent are not adsorbed to silica gel. It can be refined well.
- Solvents for dissolving the compound represented by formula G-9 include, for example, toluene, heptane, dichloromethane, chloroform, or combinations thereof, preferably toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, or these Combinations can be mentioned, and particularly preferably toluene can be mentioned, but not limited to these.
- silica gel in this step for example, silica gel in an amount of 2 to 5 times the amount of the raw material can be used, and preferably silica gel in an amount of 2 to 4 times the amount of the raw material can be used. Preferably, about 3.5 times the amount of silica gel can be used with respect to the starting material.
- the solvent for eluting the compound represented by formula G-9 adsorbed on silica gel is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve silica gel and can elute the desired product.
- examples include ethyl acetate, Cyclopentyl methyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether can be mentioned, preferably ethyl acetate.
- This step can be performed, for example, by the method shown in Example 45.
- Step V-8 is carried out by removing the tert-butoxycarbonyl group from the compound of formula G-9 to give the following formula G-10: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 46, for example.
- Step V-9 further protects the hydroxyl group of the compound of formula G-10 as well as the nitrogen atom in the acetamide group with an acetyl group to give the following formula G-11: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 47, for example.
- the step includes a step of solid phase extraction of the compound of formula G-11 by contacting a solvent in which the compound of formula G-11 is dissolved with silica gel.
- By-products such as the diacetyl form of the compound represented by formula G-3, which is produced by acetylation of the compound represented by formula G-3 used in excess in the upstream glycosylation reaction, are not adsorbed on silica gel.
- the compound represented by formula G-11 can be efficiently purified.
- Solvents for dissolving the compound represented by formula G-11 include, for example, toluene, heptane, dichloromethane, chloroform, or combinations thereof, preferably toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, or these Combinations can be mentioned, and particularly preferably toluene can be mentioned, but not limited thereto.
- silica gel in this step for example, silica gel in an amount of 2 to 5 times the amount of the raw material can be used, and preferably silica gel in an amount of 2 to 4 times the amount of the raw material can be used. Preferably, about 3.5 times the amount of silica gel can be used with respect to the starting material.
- the solvent for eluting the compound represented by formula G-11 adsorbed on silica gel is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve silica gel and can elute the desired product.
- examples include ethyl acetate, Cyclopentyl methyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether can be mentioned, preferably ethyl acetate.
- Substep V-10 is a compound represented by formula G-11, by removing the allyl group attached to the carbon at position 1 of D-galactopyranoside to obtain the following formula G-12: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 48, for example.
- the produced compound represented by formula G-12 may be dissolved in the solvent and used as it is in the next step, or may be isolated and purified by recrystallization.
- the compound represented by the formula G-12 has a great advantage in that it can be isolated and purified by crystallization, and the compound represented by the formula G-12 with an HPLC purity of 99% or more can be obtained by crystallization. , since it does not contain impurities, it is possible to carry out the reaction in the next step stably.
- Isolation and purification by recrystallization can be carried out, for example, by adding 2-propanol to a solution of ethyl acetate in which the compound represented by formula G-12 is dissolved to crystallize, preferably, for example, It can be carried out by the method shown in Example 48.
- Substep V-11 involves reacting a compound of formula G-12 with 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride (TFPC) to give the following formula D-7: is a step of producing a compound represented by This step can be performed by using or applying a known method, but preferably by the method shown in Example 49, for example.
- TFPC 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride
- the compound represented by formula D-8 can be obtained in a purified form by the following purification method.
- the purification method includes the compound represented by the above formula D-8 produced after the reaction between the compound represented by the above formula D-6 and the compound represented by the above formula D-7 and contaminants.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent to adsorb the compound represented by the formula D-8 in the hydrophobic carrier, and then filtration and the hydrophobic carrier are combined with the water-soluble organic solvent and water. Contaminants are removed by washing with a mixed solution, and then the compound represented by the above formula D-8 is eluted from the hydrophobic carrier using an organic solvent.
- the purification of the compound represented by formula D-8 above is not limited to the purification in this step. Therefore, in one aspect of the present invention, a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the above formula D-8 and contaminants, and the above formula D-8 is added to the hydrophobic carrier. The compound represented by is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and water. Also provided is a method comprising purifying the compound of formula D-8 above by eluting the compound of formula D-8 from a hydrophobic carrier.
- contaminants refers to compounds and reagents other than the protected oligosaccharide (in this step, the compound represented by the formula D-8), reagents used in the synthesis reaction of the protected oligosaccharide, their residues, protected oligosaccharide It mainly means sugars other than protected oligosaccharides, such as monosaccharide or disaccharide compounds used in elongation reaction, or by-products produced by deprotection reaction of protected oligosaccharides.
- step I-1- 1 is the same as that described in the method for purifying the compound represented by formula A-5 in 1.
- This step is a step of removing the amino group-protecting group on the compound of formula D-8 and the acyl-based protecting group of the alcohol to produce the compound of formula D-9.
- the removal (deprotection) of the amino-protecting group described above can be carried out by using or applying a known method, preferably, for example, by the method shown in Example 64, For example, it can be carried out by sequentially adding 1,2-dimethoxyethane and an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or lithium hydroxide, but is not limited thereto.
- Step II-3-3 to Step II-3-4 are exemplary embodiments for producing a compound represented by Formula D-11 from a compound represented by Formula D-9. It is not limited to processes.
- Step II-3-3> the amino group on the compound represented by formula D-9 is protected with an acetyl group to give the following formula D-10: is a step of producing a compound represented by Protection of the amino group with the acetyl group can be carried out by using or applying a known method, preferably by the method shown in Example 65, for example.
- the compound represented by formula D-10 can be obtained in a purified form by the following purification method.
- a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the above formula D-10 and contaminants produced, and the above formula D-10 is added to the hydrophobic carrier.
- Impurities are removed by adsorbing the compound shown, then filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and water, and then using an organic solvent to obtain the compound of formula D- purifying the compound of formula D-10 above by eluting the compound of formula D-10 from a hydrophobic carrier.
- the purification of the compound represented by formula D-10 above is not limited to the purification in this step. Therefore, in one aspect of the present invention, a hydrophobic carrier and water are added to a water-soluble organic solvent containing the compound represented by the above formula D-10 and contaminants, and the above formula D-10 is added to the hydrophobic carrier. The compound represented by is adsorbed, and then the impurities are removed by filtering and washing the hydrophobic carrier with a mixed solution of the water-soluble organic solvent and water. Also provided is a method comprising purifying a compound of formula D-10 above by eluting the compound of formula D-10 from a hydrophobic carrier.
- contaminants refers to compounds and reagents other than the protected oligosaccharide (in this step, the compound represented by formula D-10), reagents used in the reaction for synthesizing the protected oligosaccharide, their residues, and the protected oligosaccharide. It mainly means sugars other than protected oligosaccharides, such as monosaccharide or disaccharide compounds used in elongation reaction, or by-products produced by deprotection reaction of protected oligosaccharides.
- step I-1- 1 is the same as that described in the method for purifying the compound represented by formula A-5 in 1.
- This step is a step of removing the benzyl group from the benzyloxy group on the compound of formula D-10 to produce the compound of formula D-11 above.
- Removal of the above benzyl group can be carried out by using or applying a known method, but can preferably be carried out, for example, by the method shown in Example 66, for example, in formula D-10 It can be carried out by adding N-methylpyrrolidone and Pd/C to the represented compound, decompressing ⁇ nitrogen replacement and hydrogen pressurizing ⁇ depressurizing, but not limited to these.
- Step II-4 converts a compound of formula D-11 above to an azide PEG linker of formula D-12 below: (11-azido-3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1-amine) to produce an oligosaccharide represented by the above formula D-13.
- the binding of the compound represented by Formula D-11 and the compound represented by Formula D-12 can be carried out by using or applying known methods.
- a compound represented by Formula D-12, N-ethyldiisopropylamine, and hexafluorophosphoric acid (benzotriazole-1 -yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium, bromotripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate, or 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium It can be carried out by sequentially adding chloride and then stirring, but is not limited to these.
- the purification method it is possible to obtain a compound represented by the formula D-12 with high purity, and the compound represented by the formula D-12 has a purity measured by HPLC (herein also referred to as "HPLC purity” preferably 95% or higher, more preferably 96% or higher or 97% or higher, and still more preferably 98% or higher or 99% or higher.
- HPLC purity preferably 95% or higher, more preferably 96% or higher or 97% or higher, and still more preferably 98% or higher or 99% or higher.
- HPLC purity preferably 95% or higher, more preferably 96% or higher or 97% or higher, and still more preferably 98% or higher or 99% or higher.
- the purpose of purifying the compound represented by D-12 is that the commercially available reagent for the compound is contaminated with a plurality of other impurities, including dimers.
- the present inventors investigated a purification method for obtaining a compound represented by the formula D-12 with high purity, and found three types of tartaric acid derivatives represented by the above formula E-1 (wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom , a methyl group, or a methoxy group), the compounds represented by the formula D-12 form 1:1 salts with their tartaric acid derivatives and can be isolated as crystals.
- the obtained compound represented by the above formula E-2 is a novel crystalline compound, and after isolation, liquid separation with ethyl acetate/hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, etc., followed by freeing and extraction, the HPLC purity is higher than before purification. (preferably 95% or higher HPLC purity) can be obtained.
- the above purification method is as follows as an exemplary method.
- the compound represented by Formula E-1 is added to a solution of the compound represented by Formula D-12 in a solvent such as acetonitrile and water, and the mixture is stirred.
- a solvent such as acetonitrile is added.
- the resulting slurry liquid is concentrated under reduced pressure, and the slurry liquid is stirred to filter precipitated crystals.
- the filtered crystals are washed with acetonitrile and dried under reduced pressure to obtain crystals of the compound represented by formula E-2 (crystal formation step).
- concentrated hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of the obtained crystalline compound in ethyl acetate and water, and after stirring, the layers are separated.
- a compound represented by can be obtained. More preferably, for example, it can be carried out by the methods shown in Examples 67-71.
- the purification of the compound represented by the above formula D-12 is not limited to the purification in this step. Accordingly, in one aspect of the present invention, a solution containing the crude compound of formula D-12 above is added with a compound of formula E-1 above (wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy is a group) to generate a crystalline compound represented by the above formula E-2 (wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy group), and the crystalline compound and then extracting the compound of formula D-12 from the isolated crystalline compound.
- a compound of formula E-1 above wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy is a group
- a crystalline compound represented by the above formula E-2 wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy group
- the oligosaccharide intermediate represented by the above formula A-13 is useful in the production of the oligosaccharide, but is not limited to the production of the oligosaccharide and can be applied to all uses. Accordingly, the present invention provides oligosaccharides represented by formula A-13 above and intermediates thereof.
- Formula A-13 An oligosaccharide represented by is provided.
- Formula A-5 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula A-6 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula A-7 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula A-9 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula A-10 below A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula A-14 below A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula A-15 A compound represented by is provided.
- the intermediate of the compound represented by formula A-11 above is useful in the production of the compound, but is not limited to the production of the compound, and can be applied to all uses. Accordingly, the present invention also provides intermediates to compounds of formula A-11 above.
- Formula B-4 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula B-5 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula B-6 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula B-7 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula B-8 A compound represented by is provided.
- the oligosaccharide intermediate represented by the above formula D-13 is useful in the production of the oligosaccharide, but is not limited to the production of the oligosaccharide, and can be applied to all uses.
- the present invention provides oligosaccharides represented by formula D-13 above and intermediates thereof (including compounds represented by formula A-13 above and intermediates thereof).
- Formula D-13 An oligosaccharide represented by is provided.
- Formula D-1 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula D-4 A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula D-5 A compound represented by is provided.
- D-5-FMA of the following formula: A compound represented by is provided.
- Formula D-6 (wherein R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group, and R 6 is a hydrogen atom or R 5 and R 6 form a phthalimido group with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached).
- R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group
- R 6 is a hydrogen atom or R 5 and R 6 form a phthalimido group with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached.
- Formula D-8 (wherein R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group, and R 6 is a hydrogen atom or R 5 and R 6 form a phthalimido group with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached).
- R 5 is an aryloxycarbonyl (COOAr) group, an acetyl (Ac) group, or a 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) group
- R 6 is a hydrogen atom or R 5 and R 6 form a phthalimido group with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached).
- Formula D-9 is provided, wherein M + is a sodium ion, lithium ion, potassium ion, or a protonated triethylamine cation.
- Formula D-10 is provided, wherein M + is a sodium ion, lithium ion, potassium ion, or a protonated triethylamine cation.
- Formula D-11 is provided, wherein M + is a sodium ion, lithium ion, potassium ion, or a protonated triethylamine cation.
- Formula E-2 is provided, wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy group.
- Formula D-12 having a purity of 95% or greater as measured by HPLC A compound represented by is provided.
- compounds of formula D-12 above are provided having a purity of 95% or greater as determined by HPLC.
- a biantennary glycan having an ⁇ 2,6-sialic acid structure at the non-reducing end is converted to a glycoprotein or the like (particularly, a sugar chain remodeling antibody or Provided are novel glycoproteins and the like, which are used as donor molecules in synthesizing their FC region-containing molecules or antibody-drug conjugates, and novel production methods thereof.
- the oligosaccharide represented by formula D-13 obtained by the production method of the present invention is a glycoprotein (particularly, a sugar chain remodeling antibody or Fc region-containing molecule, or an antibody-drug conjugate). It can be used for manufacturing (WO2019/065964, WO2020/050406, etc.), but is not limited to this, and can also be used for other uses.
- hydrolytic enzymes are first used to excise heterogeneous sugar chains attached to proteins (antibodies, etc.), leaving only terminal N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), and GlcNAc is added.
- a homogenous protein moiety is prepared (hereinafter referred to as the "acceptor molecule”).
- donor molecule a separately prepared arbitrary sugar chain is prepared (hereinafter referred to as “donor molecule”), and the acceptor molecule and the donor molecule are linked using a glycosyltransferase.
- uniform glycoproteins with arbitrary sugar chain structures can be synthesized.
- the oligosaccharide represented by the formula D-13 produced using the novel production method of the present invention is transformed into the uniform glycoprotein (particularly sugar It can be used as a donor molecule in synthesizing chain-remodeling antibodies (or Fc region-containing molecules thereof).
- the room temperature is 15°C to 35°C.
- Silica gel chromatography is Biotage Sfar HC D (20 ⁇ m, manufactured by Biotage)
- reversed-phase column chromatography is Universal Column ODS Premium 30 ⁇ m L size (manufactured by Yamazen Co., Ltd.) and Inject column ODS L size (manufactured by Yamazen Co., Ltd.)
- preparative HPLC was performed using an Agilent Preparative HPLC System (manufactured by Agilent Technology).
- XBridge Prep OBD 5 ⁇ m, C18, 130 ⁇ , 250 ⁇ 30 mm, manufactured by Waters
- Example 1 2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-D-mannopyranose (compound represented by formula A-2) 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-1,2-O-(1-methoxyethylidene)- ⁇ -D-mannopyranose (compound represented by formula A-1) (40.0 g, 78.9 mmol ) was added to a 1 L 4-bore flask followed by ethyl acetate (400 mL). Water (2 mL) and p-TsOH.H 2 O (45 mg, 0.237 mmol) were added at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 6 hours.
- Toluene (400 mL) was added again, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid volume of 80 mL.
- Dehydrated toluene (120 mL) was added to obtain a toluene solution of 2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-D-mannopyranose (compound represented by formula A-2) as a colorless solution. .
- a toluene solution (78.9 mmol) of 2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-D-mannopyranose (compound represented by formula A-2) was added to a 1 L flask, and trichloroacetonitrile ( 12 mL, 118 mmol) and DBU (119 ⁇ L, 0.789 mmol) were added. Stir at 0° C. for 2 hours under nitrogen.
- Ethyl acetate (2.4 L) and water (600 mL) were added to the acetonitrile layer and the layers were separated to obtain an organic layer A and an aqueous layer.
- a mixed solution of ethyl acetate (1.5 L) and tetrahydrofuran (1.5 L) was again added to the aqueous layer to separate the layers to obtain an organic layer B and an aqueous layer.
- the organic layers A and B were mixed, washed with saturated brine (600 mL), and concentrated under reduced pressure until the liquid volume reached 1.5 L (precipitation of crystals was confirmed at the concentration stage). Further ethyl acetate (4.5 L) was added and concentrated again until the liquid volume reached 3 L.
- Silica gel 60N (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 150 g) was added to this solution, stirred for 1.5 hours, and then filtered. The silica gel was washed with dichloromethane (1.5 L), and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure until the liquid volume became 450 mL. Dichloromethane (1.5 L) was further added, and the liquid volume was concentrated to 450 mL. -(2,2,2-Trichloroethanimidoyl)-D-glycero-hexopyranose (compound of formula C-6) was obtained as a dichloromethane solution. This product was directly used in the next step.
- Methyl isobutyl ketone (2.1 L) was added to the resulting crude compound represented by formula C-8 (350.00 g) and dissolved at 50° C., followed by addition of ethylcyclohexane (1.4 L) over 1 hour. Dripped.
- O-benzylidene-3-O-[(naphthalen-2-yl)methyl]- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl ⁇ -2-deoxy-2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindole- 2-yl)- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside (compound represented by formula C-10) was obtained as a toluene solution containing 1-methylimidazole. This product was directly used in the next step.
- Example 17 4-methoxyphenyl 3,6-di-O-benzyl-4-O- ⁇ 4,6-O-benzylidene-3-O-[(naphthalen-2-yl)methyl]-2-O-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl )- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl ⁇ -2-deoxy-2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside (shown by formula C-11 compound (where X 1 is a Tf group))
- trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (16.53 g, 58.59 mmol) was added dropwise over 1 hour and then stirred for 30 minutes. After confirming the completion of the reaction by HPLC, water (300 mL) was added and separated into an organic layer and an aqueous layer. The organic layer was washed twice with water (300 mL) and once with a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (150 mL), and concentrated under reduced pressure until the liquid volume reached 90 mL.
- the reaction solution was partially subdivided and concentrated to precipitate a solid, which was used.
- This reaction uses tetrabutylammonium acetate manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (product code: T2694, purity: >90.0%) and Sigma-Aldrich (product code: 86849, purity: >90%). Then, the reaction progresses satisfactorily. Note that other manufacturers' tetrabutylammonium acetate may contain excess acetic acid, which tends to significantly retard the reaction. Alternatively, similar transformations are possible using cesium acetate (described in detail below).
- Acetic acid (0.72 g, 11.95 mmol) was added to the solution and filtered. After washing the molecular sieve 4A with ethyl acetate (90 mL), water (60 mL) was added for liquid separation. The organic layer was washed twice with water (60 mL) and then concentrated under reduced pressure until the liquid volume reached 12 mL. Add toluene (30 mL), concentrate again until the liquid volume reaches 12 mL, add toluene (18 mL) and silica gel 60N (spherical, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m) (9 g), and stir at 25° C. for 30 minutes. bottom.
- borane-tetrahydrofuran complex (0.91 mol/L tetrahydrofuran solution) (18.06 mL, 16.43 mmol) and copper (II) trifluoroacetate (0.59 g, 1.64 mmol) for 3 hours.
- methanol 5.5 mL was added and the mixture was further stirred for 30 minutes.
- This solution was filtered, the molecular sieve 4A was washed with ethyl acetate (110 mL), 0.5 N hydrochloric acid (55 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes.
- trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (2.7 mL, 15.1 mmol) was added dropwise at ⁇ 15° C. over 15 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes.
- triethylamine (4.2 mL, 30.2 mmol) was added and the temperature was raised to room temperature. The reaction solution was filtered through celite and then washed with acetonitrile (195 mL).
- the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, acetonitrile (650 mL) was added to the concentrated residue, and reverse phase silica gel 120RP-18 (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 97.5 g) was added.
- Water 130 mL was added dropwise over 30 minutes to allow the target substance to be adsorbed on the solid phase, followed by filtration. After washing the solid phase with acetonitrile/water (3/1, 326 mL) (the filtrate was discarded), the desired product was desorbed with an acetonitrile (585 mL)-ethyl acetate (65 mL) solution.
- trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (545 ⁇ L, 2.83 mmol) was added dropwise at ⁇ 15° C. over 5 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour.
- triethylamine (1.67 mL, 11.32 mmol) was added and the temperature was raised to room temperature.
- the reaction solution was filtered and washed with acetonitrile (160 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to 97.5 mL, acetonitrile (650 mL) was added, and concentrated under reduced pressure again to 97.5 mL.
- Acetonitrile (488 mL) and reverse-phase silica gel 120RP-18 (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size 40-50 ⁇ m, 130 g) were added.
- Water (146 mL) was added dropwise over 30 minutes to allow the target substance to be adsorbed on the solid phase, followed by filtration. It was washed with acetonitrile (536 mL)-water (146 mL) (the filtrate was discarded), and the desired product was desorbed with acetonitrile (975 mL)-ethyl acetate (244 mL).
- t-butyldimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (2.4 mL, 10.4 mmol) was added dropwise at ⁇ 78° C. over 5 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 10 hours.
- Triethylamine (4.6 mL, 33.2 mmol) was added and the temperature was raised to room temperature.
- the reaction solution was filtered through Celite and washed with acetonitrile (150 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to 150 mL, acetonitrile (600 mL) was added, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to 150 mL.
- Acetonitrile (600 mL) and reverse-phase silica gel 120RP-18 (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 135 g) were added.
- Water (120 mL) was added dropwise over 30 minutes to allow the solid phase to adsorb the desired product, followed by filtration. After washing the solid phase with acetonitrile (900 mL)-water (135 mL) (the washing solution was discarded), the desired product was desorbed from the solid phase with an acetonitrile (840 mL)-ethyl acetate (210 mL) solution.
- Acetonitrile (1528 mL) and reverse phase silica gel 120RP-18 (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 573 g) were added to the residue.
- Water (1242 mL) was added dropwise over 30 minutes to allow the solid phase to adsorb the desired product, followed by filtration. After washing the solid phase with acetonitrile (1337 mL)-water (573 mL) (the washing liquid was discarded), the solid phase was washed with methanol (955 mL). After that, the desired product was desorbed from the solid phase with an acetonitrile (6876 mL)-tetrahydrofuran (764 mL) solution.
- Example 28-2 Compounds of formula A-13 were purified by using the procedure according to the scheme below. As shown below, by this purification method, a highly pure compound represented by formula A-13 could be obtained without HPLC preparative purification.
- reaction mixture was cooled to 0°C and neutralized by dropping hydrochloric acid (6M, 11 mL, 7.5 equivalents) at 10°C or lower.
- hydrochloric acid 6M, 11 mL, 7.5 equivalents
- Ethyl acetate (250 mL) and 3% brine (250 mL) were added, and the pH of the aqueous layer was adjusted to 2.0 or lower with hydrochloric acid (6 M) while stirring.
- the aqueous layer was removed by liquid separation, and the resulting organic layer was washed with 3% saline (250 mL).
- the organic layer was concentrated to 38 mL, ethyl acetate (250 mL) was added and concentrated to 38 mL.
- Powder X-ray crystallographic analyzer Rigaku ⁇ measurement conditions> Wavelength: Cuka/1.541862 ⁇ Goniometer: MiniFlex 300/600 Scan speed: CONTINUOUS Scan speed/counting time: 10.00 Step width: 0.02deg Scan axis: 2 ⁇ / ⁇ Scan range: 3.00 to 40.00 deg Filter: K-beta (x1) Rotation: Yes ⁇ Powder X-ray crystallography measurement chart of compound of formula A-14>
- This dichloromethane solution was passed through silica gel (36 g, Chromatorex SMB100-20/45 manufactured by Fuji Silysia) and eluted with a diisopropyl ether/dichloromethane mixed solvent (7/93, 720 mL) (90 mL Each fraction was divided and the solution was collected). Purity was measured by HPLC, fractions were selected, and the selected fractions were mixed and then concentrated to 18 mL. After cyclopentyl methyl ether (90 mL) was added to the concentrate to concentrate it to 36 mL, this solution was added dropwise to isopropanol (630 mL) cooled to 0° C. with stirring over 30 minutes.
- Example 29 For the deacylation reaction to form the compound of Formula C-9 from the compound of Formula C-8 in Example 15 above, the reaction conditions shown in the table below were used for the deacylation reaction. A comparative experiment was conducted. Entries 1-3 are comparative examples, and Entries 4 and 5 are examples of the present invention.
- Example 30 The de-2-naphthylmethylation reaction of the compound of formula A-12 containing 15 benzyl groups and 1 2-naphthylmethyl group was carried out under conventional conditions (CH 2 Cl 2 — H 2 O) (Entry 1) and the method of the present invention (HFIP-H 2 O) (Entry 2, 3), analyzed by HPLC, and the target product (compound represented by formula A-13) and excess reactant The area peak ratio of a certain debenzylated form was calculated. Results are shown in the table below.
- Example 31 The de-2-naphthylmethylation reaction of compounds of Formula A-4 containing four benzyl groups and one 2-naphthylmethyl group was carried out under conventional conditions (CH 2 Cl 2 —H 2 O) (Entry 1), the method of the present invention (HFIP-H 2 O) (Entry 2), the acidic conditions (Entry 3), and the hydrogenation conditions (Entry 4) were reacted, and the target product (the following The area peak ratio of the compound represented by formula A-4') was calculated. Results are shown in the table below.
- Example 32 The de-2-naphthylmethylation reaction of the compound of formula A-10 containing nine benzyl groups and one 2-naphthylmethyl group was carried out under conventional conditions (CH 2 Cl 2 —H 2 O) (Entry 1) and the method of the present invention (HFIP-H 2 O) (Entry 2) were reacted, and by analysis using HPLC, the area peak ratio of the target compound (compound represented by formula A-10′ below) was obtained. was calculated. Results are shown in the table below.
- Example 33 ⁇ Separation and Purification of Compound Represented by Formula A-8 and Compound Represented by Formula A-9>
- Examples of separating and purifying the compound represented by formula A-8 and the compound represented by formula A-9, which are sugar acceptors used in tetrasaccharide synthesis, are shown below.
- the sugar acceptor compound of formula A-8 and the tetrasaccharide compound of formula A-9 are very close in polarity in normal-phase silica gel column chromatography, e.g. Under ethyl acetate conditions, the Rf values were the same and separation was difficult.
- the experimental procedure is as follows. First, triethylamine was added to the post-reaction solution to terminate the reaction, followed by filtration through a molecular sieve, and after concentration, acetonitrile was added. After adding octadecyl-modified silica gel to the solution, water was added to adsorb the compound represented by formula A-9, which is a tetrasaccharide. When the filtrate at this time was analyzed by HPLC, it was found that the tetrasaccharide compound represented by formula A-9 was adsorbed and the monosaccharide compound represented by formula A-8 was present in the filtrate.
- the resulting organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to 490 mL (precipitation of crystals was confirmed during concentration), and heptane (735 mL) was added dropwise. After cooling the resulting slurry liquid to 0° C. to 5° C., the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour, and the precipitated crystals were filtered. The filtered crystals were washed with a mixture of ethyl acetate and heptane (39/118 mL) at 0°C to 5°C, dried under reduced pressure at 40°C, and 4-O-acetyl-3,6-di-O-benzyl.
- N-methylimidazole (3.40 g, 41.39 mmol) and 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride (8.20 g, 39.51 mmol) were sequentially added at 0° C. under nitrogen, The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 18 hours. After confirming the completion of the reaction by HPLC, the reaction solution was filtered and washed with dichloromethane (100 mL). The filtrate was filtered through a neutral silica gel pad (silica gel 60N, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 60 g) filled with dichloromethane, and 100 mL portions were collected.
- a neutral silica gel pad sica gel 60N, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 60 g
- the silica gel pad was washed with dichloromethane (400 mL, 100 mL aliquots) and ethyl acetate/dichloromethane (1:4, 400 mL, 100 mL aliquots) and selected fractions were concentrated until the volume reached 40 mL. Add toluene (200 mL) and concentrate again until the liquid volume reaches 40 mL. Add toluene (200 mL) and concentrate until the liquid volume reaches 40 mL.
- O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-O-[2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylethanimide yl]- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside (compound represented by formula D-3) was obtained as a toluene solution. This product was directly used in the next step.
- D-galactopyranose (20.00 g, 111.01 mmol) was added to a 500 mL 4-diameter flask followed by allyl alcohol (200.0 mL). Under a nitrogen atmosphere, p-TsOH.H 2 O (2.11 g, 11.10 mmol) was added at room temperature, the temperature was raised to 70° C., and the mixture was stirred for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 40° C., added with triethylamine (1.69 g, 16.65 mmol), stirred for 5 minutes, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a volume of 100 mL. nBuOH (200 mL) was added dropwise to this concentrate over 30 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
- reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid volume of 80 mL, and stirred overnight at room temperature.
- the suspension was filtered, and the crystals were washed with nBuOH (40 mL) at 0°C and dried under reduced pressure at 40°C to obtain allyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (compound represented by G-0) ( 8.41 g, yield 34.4%) was obtained as white crystals.
- reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid volume of 25 mL, and stirred overnight at 0°C. Subsequently, after filtering the suspension, the obtained crystals were washed with isopropyl alcohol (5 mL) cooled to 0° C. and dried under reduced pressure at 40° C. to obtain prop-2-en-1-yl. 6-O-benzylidene- ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (compound represented by formula G-1) (5.35 g, yield 76.3%) was obtained as white crystals.
- a toluene (330 mL) slurry containing neutral silica gel (silica gel 60N, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 141 g) cooled to 0°C to 5°C was poured. The mixture was added and stirred at the same temperature for 15 minutes to adsorb the product onto silica gel, followed by filtration. After washing the silica gel solid phase containing the product with toluene (942 mL) at 0° C. to 5° C.
- the temperature of the obtained concentrate was adjusted to 15° C., water (20 mL) and ethyl acetate (722 mL) were added, and after stirring at 25° C. for 1 hour, the slurry was cooled to 0° C. to 5° C. The mixture was stirred at warm temperature for 2 hours. The precipitated crystals are filtered, washed with ethyl acetate (80 mL) at 0° C.
- reaction solution was cooled to 15° C.
- acetic anhydride (12.05 g, 118.03 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 47 hours.
- methanol 40 mL was added, the temperature was adjusted to 25° C., and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours.
- sodium acetate (0.97 g, 11.82 mmol) was added, and the mixture was further stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour.
- the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to 120 mL, cooled to 0°C to 5°C, ethyl acetate (403 mL) and water (161 mL) were added, and triethylamine was added while stirring at 0°C to 5°C to adjust the pH to 7.0. adjusted to 0.
- the organic layer obtained by liquid separation was washed twice with 10% brine (121 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure to 200 mL.
- Ethyl acetate (605 mL) was added to the concentrate, and the mixture was again concentrated under reduced pressure to 200 mL.
- Ethyl acetate (40 mL) was added to the concentrate, seed crystals were inoculated, and after stirring at 25° C.
- N-methylimidazole 11.03 g, 134.33 mmol
- the reaction solution was filtered and washed with dichloromethane (88 mL) to obtain a filtrate.
- the obtained filtrate was cooled to 0° C., cold water (440 mL) was added, and triethylamine was added while stirring at 0° C. to 5° C. to adjust the pH to 7.5. After stirring at 0° C. to 5° C.
- Toluene (195 mL) was added to the concentrate, and the mixture was again concentrated under reduced pressure to 117 mL.
- the concentrate was filtered using a silica gel-filled funnel (silica gel 60N, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 117 g, toluene wet filling), and filtered with a toluene/ethyl acetate mixture (8/2) (975 mL). After washing, a filtrate was obtained. The resulting filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure (to a weight of 59 g) and cyclopentyl methyl ether (23 mL) was added.
- aqueous hydrochloric acid 350 mL was added to the organic layer, and the mixture was stirred at 20°C for 2 hours. After confirming the decomposition of the by-products by HPLC, liquid separation was performed to obtain an organic layer. The organic layer was washed with water (350 mL) and 20% brine (175 mL), and concentrated under reduced pressure to 70 mL. Toluene (700 mL) was added to the concentrate, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to 70 mL.
- toluene (700 mL) and neutral silica gel (silica gel 60N, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 158 g) were added to the concentrate, and the mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 30 minutes. After the product is adsorbed on silica gel, it is filtered, and the silica gel solid phase containing the product is washed with toluene (1575 mL) (the filtrate when washing with toluene is discarded), and the desired product is removed from the silica gel with ethyl acetate (875 mL). detached.
- Example 48 4-O-acetyl-2,3-di-O-benzoyl-6-O-[4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-5-(diacetylamino)-1- Methyl-D-glycero- ⁇ -D-galacto-non-2-uropyranosyl]-D-galactopyranose (compound represented by Formula G-12)
- the organic layer was washed four times with 20% aqueous methanol (580 mL) to remove 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid in the aqueous layer, then concentrated under reduced pressure to 58 mL, toluene (435 mL) was added, and the pressure was reduced to 58 mL again. Concentrated. Toluene (383 mL), chloroform (197 mL), and neutral silica gel (silica gel 60N, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 145 g) were added to the concentrated solution, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes to allow the product to be adsorbed onto the silica gel. After that, it was filtered.
- the resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to 58 mL, toluene (145 mL) was added, and concentrated under reduced pressure again to 58 mL.
- the concentrate was purified by a silica gel column (silica gel 60N, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40-50 ⁇ m, 290 g, mobile phase hexane/ethyl acetate 50/50-30/70), and selected fractions were concentrated under reduced pressure to 29 mL.
- Ethyl acetate (290 mL) and activated carbon (Shirasagi A, 14.5 g) were added to the concentrate, stirred for 30 minutes, filtered and washed with ethyl acetate (87 mL) to obtain a purified ethyl acetate solution containing the desired product. rice field.
- N-methylimidazole (1.91 g, 23.3 mmol) and 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride (4.39 g, 21.1 mmol) were added at the same temperature under nitrogen, and the mixture was cooled to room temperature. and stirred for 24 hours.
- the reaction solution was filtered and washed with dichloromethane (100 mL).
- the filtrate was filtered through a neutral silica gel pad (silica gel 60N, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size: 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 60 g) filled with dichloromethane, and 100 mL portions were collected.
- the silica gel pad was washed with ethyl acetate/dichloromethane (1:9, 1000 mL, 200 mL each), and the selected fractions were concentrated under reduced pressure to give 4-O-acetyl-2,3-di-O-benzoyl-6.
- a toluene solution (9.00 mmol) of 2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-D-mannopyranose (compound represented by formula A-2) was added to a 100 mL eggplant flask. After cooling to °C, trichloroacetonitrile (1.95 g, 13.5 mmol) and DBU (13.5 ⁇ L, 8.96 ⁇ mol) were added. Stir at 0° C. for 4 hours under nitrogen.
- trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (38.5 ⁇ L, 0.212 mmol) was added dropwise at ⁇ 15° C. over 15 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour.
- triethylamine (0.19 mL, 1.06 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- the filtrate was washed with acetonitrile (30 mL), and the obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid volume of 6 mL.
- Acetonitrile (30 mL) was added again, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid volume of 6 mL.
- Acetonitrile (30 mL) was added to this concentrate, and reversed-phase silica gel 120RP-18 (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 9.0 g) was added.
- Water (20 mL) was added dropwise over 30 minutes to allow the target substance to be adsorbed on the solid phase, followed by filtration. After washing the solid phase with acetonitrile/water (5:4, 90 mL) (the filtrate was discarded), the desired product was desorbed with acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran (9:1, 180 mL). The resulting filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid volume of 6 mL.
- Example 55-2 The compound represented by formula D-5 was purified by the following method, including obtaining crystals of the fumarate salt of the compound. This purification method achieved a significant improvement in the purity of the compound represented by the formula D-5-FMA, and made it possible to remove a plurality of impurities including anomeric isomers into the filtrate. .
- the obtained organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure, acetonitrile (25 mL) was added to the residue, and reverse phase silica gel 120RP-18 (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 7.5 g) was added.
- Water (10 mL) was added dropwise to allow the target substance to be adsorbed on the solid phase, followed by filtration. After the filter cake was washed with acetonitrile/water (5:1, 60 mL), it was washed with toluene (200 mL) in order to elute the target substance from the filter cake.
- trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (24.4 ⁇ L, 0.11 mmol) was added dropwise at ⁇ 15° C. over 5 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour.
- triethylamine (0.15 mL, 1.06 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- the filtrate was washed with acetonitrile (40 mL), and the obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid volume of 6 mL.
- Acetonitrile (40 mL) was added to this solution, and reversed-phase silica gel 120RP-18 (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku, particle size 40 to 50 ⁇ m, 12.0 g) was added.
- Water (40 mL) was added dropwise over 30 minutes to allow the target substance to be adsorbed on the solid phase, followed by filtration. After washing the solid phase with acetonitrile/water (3:2, 90 mL) (the filtrate was discarded), the desired product was desorbed with acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran (9:1, 180 mL).
- Triisopropylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate 50 ⁇ L was added dropwise at ⁇ 15° C., and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour. After confirming the completion of the reaction by HPLC, triethylamine (84 ⁇ L) was added and the temperature was raised to room temperature. After filtering the reaction mixture through a filter, the filtrate was washed with acetonitrile (50 mL), and the obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- reaction solution 1 Molecular sieves were filtered off from the resulting reaction suspension at room temperature and washed with dichloromethane (3 mL). The obtained solution was concentrated to dryness and acetonitrile (1 mL), methanol (0.1 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (5 ⁇ L) were added sequentially. After stirring for 1 hour, triethylamine (10 ⁇ L) was added (reaction solution 1).
- reaction solution 2 After 14 hours, triethylamine (20 ⁇ L) was added and the resulting reaction suspension was filtered at room temperature to remove molecular sieves and washed with dichloromethane (3 mL). The obtained solution was concentrated to dryness and acetonitrile (4 mL), methanol (0.1 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (10 ⁇ L) were added sequentially. After stirring at 0° C. for 1 hour, triethylamine (25 ⁇ L) was added (reaction solution 2).
- Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (0.25 ⁇ L) was added dropwise at ⁇ 15° C., and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour. After confirming the completion of the reaction by HPLC, triethylamine was added and the temperature was raised to room temperature.
- reaction solution was purified by preparative TLC (toluene-ethyl acetate), and 4-methoxyphenyl 4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-5-(diacetylamino)-1- O-methyl-D-glycero- ⁇ -D-galacto-non-2-uropyranosyl-(2 ⁇ 6)-4-O-acetyl-2,3-di-O-benzoyl- ⁇ -D-galactopyranosyl -(1 ⁇ 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-[(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)]- ⁇ - D-glucopyranosyl-(1 ⁇ 2)-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl- ⁇ -D-mannopyranosyl-(1 ⁇ 3)-[2,3,4,6-tetra-O
- Example 67 A compound represented by D-12 was purified according to Synthetic Scheme W below. The compounds shown below at the bottom left are examples of compounds in which "R 7 " in formula E1 is methyl. [Synthesis scheme W]
- 11-azido-3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1-amine (compound of formula D-12) (10.0 g, 45.82 mmol, 94.3% HPLC purity) in acetonitrile (24 mL) and water (-)-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid (17.70 g, 45.82 mmol) was added to the solution of (6 mL), stirred at 35°C, and after confirming dissolution, acetonitrile (300 mL) was added at the same temperature. was added dropwise over 1 hour. The resulting slurry liquid was concentrated under reduced pressure to 200 mL, the slurry liquid was stirred at 25° C.
- Example 68 11-azido-3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1-amine (-)-di-p-toluoyl-L-tartrate salt obtained in Example 68 (compound represented by formula E-2-PTTA)
- Concentrated hydrochloric acid (2.41 g, 23.82 mmol) was added to a solution of (12.0 g, 19.85 mmol) in ethyl acetate (120 mL) and water (18 mL), and the mixture was stirred at 25°C and then separated.
- the resulting aqueous layer was washed twice with ethyl acetate (120 mL), adjusted to pH 11 with 10 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.15 mL, 21.50 mmol), and dissolved by adding sodium chloride (0.6 g). .
- Dichloromethane (120 mL) was added, and after stirring, the mixture was separated to obtain an organic layer.
- dichloromethane (120 mL) was added to the aqueous layer, and after stirring, the layers were separated, and the obtained organic layers were combined.
- the combined organic layers were concentrated under vacuum to 12 mL, acetonitrile (120 mL) was added and concentrated under vacuum to 12 mL.
- ⁇ Preparation of blank solution 2 mL of acetonitrile and 100 ⁇ L of triethylamine were added to a 10 mL volumetric flask and mixed. 50 ⁇ L of acetic anhydride was added, and after mixing, the mixture was allowed to stand for 15 minutes. After adding 150 ⁇ L of 4N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and mixing, the mixture was diluted with 50% acetonitrile water to prepare a sample solution.
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Abstract
Description
(1)α2,6-シアリル部位を有する複合型11糖グリカンの全合成(非特許文献3)
(2)α2,6-シアリル部位を有するイムノグロルビンG13糖ペプチドの全合成(非特許文献4)
(3)コアフコースを含むα2,6-シアリル12糖N結合型糖鎖の全合成(非特許文献5)
(4)3位がフッ素化されたα2,6-シアリル10糖オリゴ糖鎖の全合成(非特許文献6)
(5)非対称に重水素化されたα2,6-シアリル2分岐型11糖オリゴ糖鎖並びに4分岐型17糖オリゴ糖鎖の全合成(非特許文献7)
以下の式A-13:
(工程I-1)式A-3:
(工程I-2)前記式A-7で示される化合物を、以下の式A-8:
(工程I-3)前記式A-10で示される化合物を、以下の式A-11:
を含む、方法。
[2]
前記工程I-2において、前記式A-9で示される化合物を、パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルの存在下で、強塩基と反応させることにより、前記式A-10で示される化合物を生成することを含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[3]
前記パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルが、トリフルオロ酢酸メチル、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル、トリフルオロ酢酸プロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソプロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸ブチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸プロピル、ぺンタフルオロプロピオン酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸メチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸エチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸プロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸ブチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸メチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸エチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸プロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸イソプロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸ブチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸メチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸エチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸プロピル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸イソプロピル、又はウンデカフルオロカプロン酸ブチルである、[2]に記載の方法。
[4]
前記強塩基が、金属アミドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、及びカリウム塩;C1~C20アルコキシドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、カリウム塩、セシウム塩、及びバリウム塩;水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム、水素化リチウム、ブチルリチウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸リチウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸セシウム、リン酸リチウム、ジアザビシクロウンデセン(DBU)、ジアザビシクロノネン(DBN)、及び1,1,3,3-テトラメチルグアニジン(TMG);並びにこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、[2]又は[3]に記載の方法。
[5]
前記強塩基が、カリウムtert-ブトキシド、ナトリウムtert-ブトキシド、リチウムtert-ブトキシド、又はLHMDS(リチウムヘキサメチルジシラジド)である、[2]又は[3]に記載の方法。
[6]
前記工程I-2の反応が、C1~C10アルコール溶媒単独又はC1~C10アルコール溶媒とアミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒、若しくはニトリル系溶媒との混合溶媒中で行われる、[2]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[7]
前記工程I-3において、前記式A-12で示される化合物を、フルオラスアルコール及び水の混合溶媒中で、DDQ(2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-p-ベンゾキノン)と反応させて、前記式A-12で示される化合物中の2-ナフチルメチル基を脱離させることにより、前記式A-13で示されるオリゴ糖を生成することを含む、[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[8]
前記フルオラスアルコールが、ヘキサフルオロ-2-プロパノール(HFIP)、2,2,2-トリフルオロエタノール(TFE)、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロ-1-ペンタノール、ノナフルオロ-tert-ブチルアルコール及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、[7]に記載の方法。
[9]
前記工程I-3の反応が、-35℃~70℃で行われる、[7]又は[8]に記載の方法。
[10]
前記工程I-3の反応が、-30℃~-10℃で行われる、[7]又は[8]に記載の方法。
[11]
前記工程I-1において、前記式A-4で示される化合物と前記式A-3で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式A-5で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式A-5で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式A-5で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式A-5で示される化合物を精製することを含む、[1]~[10]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[12]
前記工程I-2において、前記式A-7で示される化合物と前記式A-8で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式A-9で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式A-9で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いでろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式A-9で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式A-9で示される化合物を精製することを含む、[1]~[11]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[13]
前記工程1-3において、前記式A-10で示される化合物と前記式A-11で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式A-12で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式A-12で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式A-12で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式A-12で示される化合物を精製することを含む、[1]~[12]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[14]
前記夾雑物が、前記式A-5で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[11]に記載の方法。
[15]
前記夾雑物が、前記式A-9で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[12]に記載の方法。
[16]
前記夾雑物が、前記式A-12で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[13]に記載の方法。
[17]
前記疎水性担体が、逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂である、[11]~[16]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[18]
前記逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂が、ポリ(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン)ポリマーゲル樹脂、ポリスチレン-ジビニルベンゼン樹脂、ポリヒドロキシメタクリレート樹脂、スチレンビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリメタクリレート樹脂、化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、[17]に記載の方法。
[19]
前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、(1)シリカゲルに、シランカップリング剤を反応させて得られる樹脂、(2)シリカゲルに、ジメチルオクタデシル、オクタデシル、トリメチルオクタデシル、ジメチルオクチル、オクチル、ブチル、エチル、メチル、フェニル、シアノプロピル、又はアミノプロピル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、(3)シリカゲルに、ドコシル又はトリアコンチル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、及び(4)前述の(1)~(3)の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、[18]に記載の方法。
[20]
前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、オクタデシル基結合シリカゲル樹脂(ODS樹脂)である、[18]に記載の方法。
[21]
前記水溶性有機溶媒が、水溶性アルコール系溶媒、水溶性ニトリル系溶媒、水溶性エーテル系溶媒、水溶性ケトン系溶媒、水溶性アミド系溶媒、又は水溶性スルホキシド系溶媒、もしくは前述の水溶性有機溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、[11]~[20]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[22]
前記水溶性ニトリル系溶媒が、アセトニトリルである、[21]に記載の方法。
[23]
前記疎水性担体から目的物の溶出工程で使用される前記有機溶媒が、ニトリル系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、又は前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、[11]~[22]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[24]
前記式A-11で示される化合物が、
(工程Y-1)以下の式B-1:
(工程Y-2)前記式B-4で示される化合物及びハロゲン化ベンジル又はスルホン酸ベンジルを含む溶媒に、リチウムtert-ブトキシド又はリチウムtert-アモキシドを添加して、前記式B-4で示される化合物中に存在する水酸基をベンジル基で保護することにより、以下の式B-5:
を含む工程により製造される、[1]~[23]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[25]
前記式B-4で示される化合物及びハロゲン化ベンジル又はスルホン酸ベンジルを含む溶媒が、アミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、又は炭化水素系溶媒、ウレア系溶媒、もしくは前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、[24]に記載の方法。
[26]
前記式B-5で示される化合物が、前記式B-5で示される化合物中のフタルイミド基を開環し、次いで、シンコニジンと塩を形成することにより、結晶性の以下の式B-6:
[27]
前記式A-13で示される化合物が、前記式A-13で示される化合物中のフタルイミド基を開環し、次いで、(R)-(+)-1-(1-ナフチル)エチルアミンと塩を形成することにより、結晶性の以下の式A-14で示される化合物:
[28]
以下の式D-13
(工程II-1)以下の式A-13:
(工程II-2)前記式D-2で示される化合物を、以下の式D-3:
(工程II-3)前記式D-6で示される化合物を、以下の式D-7:
(工程II-4)前記式D-11で示される化合物を、以下の式D-12:
[29]
前記工程II-1において、前記式D-1で示される化合物を、パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルの存在下で、強塩基と反応させることにより、前記式D-2で示される化合物を生成することを含む、[28]に記載の方法。
[30]
前記パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルが、トリフルオロ酢酸メチル、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル、トリフルオロ酢酸プロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソプロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸ブチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸プロピル、ぺンタフルオロプロピオン酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸メチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸エチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸プロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸ブチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸メチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸エチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸プロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸イソプロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸ブチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸メチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸エチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸プロピル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸イソプロピル、又はウンデカフルオロカプロン酸ブチルである、[29]に記載の方法。
[31]
前記強塩基が、金属アミドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、及びカリウム塩;C1~C20アルコキシドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、カリウム塩、セシウム塩、及びバリウム塩;水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム、水素化リチウム、ブチルリチウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸リチウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸セシウム、リン酸リチウム、ジアザビシクロウンデセン(DBU)、ジアザビシクロノネン(DBN)、及び1,1,3,3-テトラメチルグアニジン(TMG);並びにこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、[29]又は[30]に記載の方法。
[32]
前記強塩基が、カリウムtert-ブトキシド、ナトリウムtert-ブトキシド、リチウムtert-ブトキシド、又はLHMDS(リチウムヘキサメチルジシラジド)である、[29]又は[30]に記載の方法。
[33]
前記式D-1で示される化合物を、トリフルオロ酢酸エステルの存在下で、強塩基と反応させることにより、前記式D-2で示される化合物を生成する工程が、C1~C10アルコール溶媒単独又はC1~C10アルコール溶媒とアミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒、若しくはニトリル系溶媒との混合溶媒中で行われる、[29]~[32]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[34]
前記工程II-3において、前記式D-5で示される化合物中のアミノ基を、アリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基で保護することによって前記式D-6で示される化合物を生成する、[28]~[33]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[35]
前記工程II-3において、前記式D-5で示される化合物から前記式D-6で示される化合物を生成する工程が、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、又はリン酸水素二カリウムの水溶液中で行われる、[28]~[34]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[36]
前記式D-12で示される化合物が、以下の工程:
粗製の前記式D-12で示される化合物を含む溶液に、以下の式E-1:
を含む精製方法により得られる、[28]~[35]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[37]
精製後の前記式D-12で示される化合物が、HPLCで測定した際に95%以上の純度を有する、[36]に記載の方法。
[38]
前記純度が、98%以上である、[37]に記載の方法。
[39]
前記工程II-1において、前記式A-13で示される化合物と前記式A-3で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式D-1で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式D-1で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式D-1で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式D-1で示される化合物を精製することを含む、[28]~[38]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[40]
前記工程II-2において、前記式D-3で示される化合物と前記式D-4で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式D-5で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式D-5で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式D-5で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式D-5で示される化合物を精製することを含む、[28]~[39]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[41]
前記工程II-3において、前記式D-6で示される化合物と前記式D-7で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式D-8で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式D-8で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式D-8で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式D-8で示される化合物を精製することを含む、[28]~[40]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[42]
前記工程II-3において、前記式D-9上のアミノ基をアセチルで保護することにより、以下の式D-10:
[43]
前記夾雑物が、前記式D-1で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[39]に記載の方法。
[44]
前記夾雑物が、前記式D-5で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[40]に記載の方法。
[45]
前記夾雑物が、前記式D-8で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[41]に記載の方法。
[46]
前記夾雑物が、前記式C-10で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[42]に記載の方法。
[47]
前記疎水性担体が、逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂である、[39]~[46]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[48]
前記逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂が、ポリ(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン)ポリマーゲル樹脂、ポリスチレン-ジビニルベンゼン樹脂、ポリヒドロキシメタクリレート樹脂、スチレンビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリメタクリレート樹脂、化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、[47]に記載の方法。
[49]
前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、(1)シリカゲルに、シランカップリング剤を反応させて得られる樹脂、(2)シリカゲルに、ジメチルオクタデシル、オクタデシル、トリメチルオクタデシル、ジメチルオクチル、オクチル、ブチル、エチル、メチル、フェニル、シアノプロピル、又はアミノプロピル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、(3)シリカゲルに、ドコシル又はトリアコンチル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、及び(4)前述の(1)~(3)の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、[48]に記載の方法。
[50]
前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、オクタデシル基結合シリカゲル樹脂(ODS樹脂)である、[48]に記載の方法。
[51]
前記水溶性有機溶媒が、水溶性アルコール系溶媒、水溶性ニトリル系溶媒、水溶性エーテル系溶媒、水溶性ケトン系溶媒、水溶性アミド系溶媒、又は水溶性スルホキシド系溶媒、もしくは前述の水溶性有機溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、[39]~50]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[52]
前記水溶性ニトリル系溶媒が、アセトニトリルである、[51]に記載の方法。
[53]
前記疎水性担体から目的物の溶出工程で使用される前記有機溶媒が、ニトリル系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、又は前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、[39]~[52]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[54]
前記式D-5で示される化合物をフマル酸と塩を形成することにより、結晶性の以下の式D-5-FMA:
[55]
以下の式B-5:
[56]
前記溶媒が、アミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、ウレア系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒、もしくは前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、[55]に記載の方法。
[57]
以下の式A-10:
[58]
前記パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルが、トリフルオロ酢酸メチル、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル、トリフルオロ酢酸プロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソプロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸ブチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸プロピル、ぺンタフルオロプロピオン酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸メチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸エチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸プロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸ブチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸メチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸エチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸プロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸イソプロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸ブチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸メチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸エチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸プロピル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸イソプロピル、又はウンデカフルオロカプロン酸ブチルである、[57]に記載の方法。
[59]
前記強塩基が、金属アミドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、カリウム塩;C1~C20アルコキシドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、カリウム塩、セシウム塩、及びバリウム塩;水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム、水素化リチウム、ブチルリチウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸リチウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸セシウム、リン酸リチウム、ジアザビシクロウンデセン(DBU)、ジアザビシクロノネン(DBN)、及び1,1,3,3-テトラメチルグアニジン(TMG);並びに、これらの組み合わせから選択される、[57]又は[58]に記載の方法。
[60]
前記強塩基が、カリウムtert-ブトキシド、ナトリウムtert-ブトキシド、リチウムtert-ブトキシド、又はLHMDS(リチウムヘキサメチルジシラジド)である、[57]又は[58]に記載の方法。
[61]
前記反応が、C1~C10アルコール溶媒単独又はC1~C10アルコール溶媒とアミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒、若しくはニトリル系溶媒との混合溶媒中で行われる、[57]~[60]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[62]
以下の式A-13:
[63]
前記フルオラスアルコールが、ヘキサフルオロ-2-プロパノール(HFIP)、2,2,2-トリフルオロエタノール(TFE)、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロ-1-ペンタノール、ノナフルオロ-tert-ブチルアルコール及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、[62]に記載の方法。
[64]
-35℃~70℃で行われる、[62]又は[63]に記載の方法。
[65]
-30℃~-10℃で行われる、[62]又は[63]に記載の方法。
[66]
下記の式A-5:
[67]
下記の式A-9:
[68]
下記の式A-12:
[69]
下記の式D-1:
[70]
下記の式D-5:
[71]
下記の式D-8:
[72]
下記の式D-10:
[73]
前記夾雑物が、前記式D-1で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[69]に記載の方法。
[74]
前記夾雑物が、前記D-5で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[70]に記載の方法。
[75]
前記夾雑物が、前記D-8で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[71]に記載の方法。
[76]
前記夾雑物が、前記式D-10で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、[72]に記載の方法。
[77]
前記疎水性担体が、逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂である、[69]~[76]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[78]
前記逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂が、ポリ(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン)ポリマーゲル樹脂、ポリスチレン-ジビニルベンゼン樹脂、ポリヒドロキシメタクリレート樹脂、スチレンビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリメタクリレート樹脂、化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、[77]に記載の方法。
[79]
前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、(1)シリカゲルに、シランカップリング剤を反応させて得られる樹脂、(2)シリカゲルに、ジメチルオクタデシル、オクタデシル、トリメチルオクタデシル、ジメチルオクチル、オクチル、ブチル、エチル、メチル、フェニル、シアノプロピル、又はアミノプロピル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、(3)シリカゲルに、ドコシル又はトリアコンチル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、及び(4)前述の(1)~(3)の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、[78]に記載の方法。
[80]
前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、オクタデシル基結合シリカゲル樹脂(ODS樹脂)である、[79]に記載の方法。
[81]
前記水溶性有機溶媒が、水溶性アルコール系溶媒、水溶性ニトリル系溶媒、水溶性エーテル系溶媒、水溶性ケトン系溶媒、水溶性アミド系溶媒、水溶性スルホキシド系溶媒、又は前述の水溶性有機溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、[69]~[80]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[82]
前記水溶性ニトリル系溶媒が、アセトニトリルである、[81]に記載の方法。
[83]
前記疎水性担体から目的物の溶出工程で使用される前記有機溶媒が、ニトリル系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、又は前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、[69]~[82]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[84]
以下の式D-8:
[85]
R5が、アリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基である、[84]に記載の方法。
[86]
前記式D-8で示される化合物中のアミノ基の保護基及びアルコールのアシル系保護基を除去することにより、式D-9:
[87]
以下の式D-12:
[88]
以下の式A-13:
[89]
以下の式A-5:
[90]
以下の式A-6:
[91]
以下の式A-7:
[92]
以下の式A-9:
[93]
以下の式A-10:
[94]
以下の式A-11:
[95]
以下の式A-12:
[96]
以下の式A-14:
[97]
以下の式A-15:
[98]
以下の式B-4:
[99]
以下の式B-5:
[100]
以下の式B-6:
[101]
以下の式B-7:
[102]
以下の式B-8:
[103]
以下の式D-1:
[104]
以下の式D-2:
[105]
以下の式D-4:
[106]
以下の式D-5:
[107]
以下の式D-5-FMA:
[108]
以下の式D-6:
(式中、R5は、アリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基、アセチル(Ac)基、若しくは2,2,2-トリクロロエトキシカルボニル(Troc)基であり、かつ、R6は、水素原子であるか、又はR5及びR6は、これらが結合している窒素原子と一緒にフタルイミド基を形成する)。
[109]
以下の式D-8:
[110]
以下の式D-9:
[111]
以下の式D-10:
[112]
以下の式D-11:
[113]
以下の式E-2:
[114]
HPLCで測定した際に90%以上の純度を有する、以下の式D-12:
[115]
前記純度が、95%以上である、請求項109に記載の化合物。
[116]
以下の式D-13:
本発明の一態様において、新規式A-13で示されるオリゴ糖及びその新規製造方法が提供される。本発明において、式A-13で示されるオリゴ糖は、以下のオリゴ糖を意味する。
工程I-1は、式A-3:
工程I-1-1は、式A-3で示される化合物と式A-4で示される化合物とをα-1,6-グリコシド結合させることにより、式A-5で示される化合物を製造する工程である。本工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例22に示した方法によって行うことができ、例えば、式A-3で示される化合物を、有機溶媒(トルエン等)中、モレキュラーシーブ4A粉末、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル(TMSOTf)を順次添加して、上記式A-4で示される化合物とα-1,6-グリコシド結合させることにより、上記式A-5で示される化合物を生成することができる。また、出発材料である式A-3で示される化合物及び式A-4で示される化合物は、以下のようにして製造することができる。
本発明の一態様において、式A-3で示される化合物は、以下の工程により製造することができるが、当該製造方法に限定するものではない。
本発明の一態様において、式A-4で示される化合物は、以下の工程X-1~工程X-14、又は以下の工程X-1~X-8+X-15~X-16により製造される。以下には、各工程の詳細を例示するが、各工程は、単糖又はオリゴ糖製造における常法を用いて、又はこのような常法を応用することによって、実施することもできる。
工程X-1は、以下の式C-1:
工程X-2は、式C-2で示される化合物を、二箇所のイソプロピリデンの酸加水分解とピラノース環形成により、以下の式C-3:
工程X-3は、式C-3で示される化合物上の水酸基をアセチル基にて保護することにより、以下の式C-4:
工程X-4は、式C-4で示される化合物の1位の炭素に結合しているアセチルオキシ基におけるアセチル基のみを選択的に脱離させることにより、以下の式C-5:
工程X-5は、式C-5で示される化合物をトリクロロアセトニトリルと反応させることにより、以下の式C-6:
工程X-6は、式C-6で示される化合物を、以下の式C-7:
工程X-7は、式C-8で示される化合物より、アセチル基を脱離させることにより、以下の式C-9:
工程X-8は、式C-9で示される化合物において、D-グルコピラノシドの4位及び6位の炭素に結合している水酸基を、ベンズアルデヒドジメチルアセタールを用いて選択的に保護することにより、以下の式C-10:
工程X-9は、式C-10で示される化合物を、トリフルオロメタンスルホニルオキシ基、ノナフルオロブタンスルホニルオキシ基、2-ニトロベンゼンスルホニルオキシ基及び4-ニトロベンゼンスルホニルオキシ基からなる群より選択される脱離基を付与する化合物と反応させることにより、以下の式C-11:
工程X-10は、式C-11で示される化合物を、酢酸セシウム又はテトラブチルアンモニウムアセテートと反応させることにより、以下の式C-12:
工程X-11は、式C-12で示される化合物において、X2基を脱離させるともに、フタルイミド基を開環させることにより、以下の式C-13:
工程X-12は、式C-13で示される化合物における開環したフタルイミド基を脱水縮合により閉環することにより、以下の式C-14:
工程X-13は、式C-14で示される化合物において、D-マンノピラノシドの2位の炭素に結合している水酸基をベンジル基で保護することにより、以下の式C-15:
工程X-14は、式C-15で示される化合物において、ベンジリデン保護基を選択的に還元することにより(より詳細には、Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 1665-1668を参照のこと)、D-マンノピラノシドの6位の炭素に結合している水酸基のみが脱保護された、以下の式A-4:
工程X-15は、式C-10で示される化合物において、D-グルコピラノシドの2位を酸化することにより、以下の式C-16:
工程X-16は、式C-16で示される化合物において、2-ケト-D-グルコピラノシドの2位の炭素に結合しているケトン基を還元することにより、以下の式C-14:
本工程I-1-1では、以下の精製方法により、式A-5で示される化合物を精製された形態で得ることができる。当該精製方法としては、上記式A-4で示される化合物と上記式A-3で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した上記式A-5で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に上記式A-5で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び疎水性担体を上記水溶性有機溶媒と水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて上記式A-5で示される化合物を疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、上記式A-5で示される化合物を精製することを含む。当該精製方法より、オリゴ糖鎖の液相合成において、グリコシル化反応後に残留する試薬残骸や糖供与体及び糖受容体由来の不純物を、少量の疎水性担体を用いて洗浄操作を行うことで、簡便に除去でき、これら不純物による反応阻害及び副反応も抑制できるため、高品質のオリゴ糖を大量かつ効率的に製造することが可能となった。また、本願発明は従来開発されてきた手法と比較して、基質自身が有する疎水性を利用することにより、タグ脱着の工程数の削減及びオリゴ化時のタグの機能性の低下を防ぐことが可能となっており、より効率的にオリゴ糖を製造することが可能である。特に、本工程では、上記精製方法により、式A-5で示される化合物を式A-3で示される化合物由来の分解物から容易に分離精製することができる。
工程I-1-3は、上記式A-6で示される化合物から上記式A-7で示される化合物を生成する工程である。本工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例24に示した方法によって行うことができる。
工程I-2は、上記式A-7で示される化合物を、以下の式A-8:
工程I-2-1は、式A-7で示される化合物を、式A-8で示される化合物とβ-1,4-グリコシド結合させることにより、式A-9で示される化合物を生成する工程である。式A-8で示される化合物は、既知の方法によって製造することができ、又は、市販品を使用することができる。式A-8で示される化合物の市販品としては、例えば、東京化成工業株式会社製の4-メトキシフェニル3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-フタルイミド-β-D-グルコピラノシドを挙げることができる。本工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例25に示した方法によって行うことができる。
本工程I-2-1では、以下の精製方法により、式A-9で示される化合物を精製された形態で得ることができる。当該精製方法としては、上記式A-7で示される化合物と上記式A-8で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した上記式A-9で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に上記式A-9で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び疎水性担体を上記水溶性有機溶媒と水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて上記式A-9で示される化合物を疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、上記式A-9で示される化合物を精製することを含む。上記式A-5で示される化合物の精製方法で述べたのと同様、当該精製方法では、少量の疎水性担体を用いることで、オリゴ糖鎖の液相合成において、高品質のオリゴ糖を大量かつ効率的に製造することが可能となった。特に、単糖である式A-8で示される化合物及び4糖である式A-9で示される化合物は順相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにおいて極性が極めて近く、例えば典型的なカラム溶媒系であるヘキサン-酢酸エチル条件では同一のRf値であり分離は困難であったが、本発明の精製方法を利用することにより、極性の極めて近い単糖及び4糖を容易に分離することができることが可能となった。
工程I-2-2は、式A-9で示される化合物から式A-10で示される化合物を生成する工程である。
工程I-3は、上記式A-10で示される化合物を、以下の式A-11:
工程I-3-1は、上記式A-10で示される化合物を上記式A-11で示される化合物とβ-1,2-グリコシド結合させることにより、上記式A-12で示される化合物を生成する工程である。上記のグリコシド結合工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例27に示した方法によって行うことができる。また、式A-11で示される化合物は、以下のようにして製造することができる。さらに、式A-12で示される化合物は後述のようにして精製されてもよい。
一実施形態において、上記式A-11で示される化合物は、
(工程Y-1)以下の式B-1:
(工程Y-2)前記式B-4で示される化合物及びハロゲン化ベンジル又はスルホン酸ベンジルを含む溶媒に、リチウムtert-ブトキシド又はリチウムtert-アモキシドを添加して、前記式B-4で示される化合物中に存在する水酸基をベンジル基で保護することにより、以下の式B-5:
工程Y-1-1は、上記の式B-1で示される化合物を上記の式B-2で示される化合物とβ1,4-グリコシド結合させることにより、上記の式B-3で示される化合物を生成する工程である。式B-1で示される化合物の市販品としては、東京化成工業株式会社の2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-アセチル-α-D-ガラクトピラノシル2,2,2-トリクロロアセトイミデート(86520-63-0)を挙げることができる。また、式B-2で示される化合物の市販品としては、例えば、東京化成工業株式会社製の4-メトキシフェニル3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-フタルイミド-β-D-グルコピラノシドを挙げることができる。本工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例3に示した方法によって行うことができ、例えば、上記の式B-2で示される化合物を含む溶液に、上記の式B-1で示される化合物を含む溶液、モレキュラーシーブ4A粉末、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル(TMSOTf)を順次添加することにより、以下の式B-3で示される化合物を生成させることができる。
工程Y-1-2は、B-3で示される化合物からアセチル基を脱離させることにより、以下の式B-4:
工程Y-2-1は、上記式B-4で示される化合物中に存在する複数の水酸基をベンジル基で保護することにより、上記式B-5で示される化合物を生成する工程である。
上記式B-5で示される化合物は、以下の工程により精製することができる。当該工程としては、式B-5で示される化合物中のフタルイミド基を開環し、次いで、シンコニジンと塩を形成することにより、シンコニジン塩である結晶性の以下の式B-6:
工程Y-2-3は、上記式B-8で示される化合物より上記式A-11で示される化合物を生成する工程である。
上記工程I-3-1では、以下の精製方法により、式A-12で示される化合物を精製された形態で得ることができる。当該精製方法としては、上記式A-10で示される化合物と上記式A-11で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した上記式A-12で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に上記式A-12で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を上記水溶性有機溶媒と水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて上記式A-12で示される化合物を疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、上記式A-12で示される化合物を精製することを含む。上記式A-5で示される化合物の精製方法で述べたのと同様、上記精製方法より、少量の疎水性担体を用いることで、オリゴ糖鎖の液相合成において、高品質のオリゴ糖を大量かつ効率的に製造することが可能となった。
工程I-3-2は、式A-12で示される化合物から式A-13で示されるオリゴ糖を生成する工程である。
上記式A-13で示される化合物は、以下の工程により精製してもよい。当該工程としては、式A-13で示される化合物中のフタルイミド基を開環し、次いで、(R)-(+)-1-(1-ナフチル)エチルアミンと塩を形成することにより、結晶性の以下の式A-14:
本発明の一態様において、新規式D-13で示されるオリゴ糖及びその新規製造方法が提供される。本発明において、式D-13で示されるオリゴ糖は、以下のオリゴ糖を意味する。
工程I-1は、以下の式A-13:
工程II-1-1は、上記式A-13で示される化合物と上記式A-3で示される化合物とをα-1,3-グリコシド結合させることにより、式D-1で示される化合物を製造する工程である。本工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例52に示した方法によって行うことができ、例えば、式A-13で示される化合物を、有機溶媒(トルエン等)中、モレキュラーシーブ4A粉末、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル(TMSOTf)を順次添加して、上記式A-3で示される化合物とα-1,3-グリコシド結合させることにより、上記式D-1で示される化合物を生成することができる。
本工程II-1-1では、以下の精製方法により、式D-1で示される化合物を精製された形態で得ることができる。当該精製方法としては、上記式A-13で示される化合物と上記式A-3で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した上記式D-1で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に上記式D-1で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び疎水性担体を上記水溶性有機溶媒と水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて上記式D-1で示される化合物を疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、上記式D-1で示される化合物を精製することを含む。上記工程I-1-1における式A-5で示される化合物の精製方法で述べたのと同様、当該精製方法では、少量の疎水性担体を用いることで、オリゴ糖鎖の液相合成において、高品質のオリゴ糖を大量かつ効率的に製造することが可能となった。
工程II-1-2は、上記式D-1で示される化合物より、アセチル基を脱離させることにより、式D-2で示される化合物を生成する工程である。本工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例53に示した方法によって行うことができる。
工程II-2は、上記式D-2で示される化合物を、以下の式D-3:
工程II-2-1は、上記式D-2で示される化合物を上記式D-3で示される化合物とβ-1,2-グリコシド結合させることにより、上記式D-4で示される化合物を生成する工程である。上記のグリコシド結合工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例54に示した方法によって行うことができ、例えば、式D-2で示される化合物を、有機溶媒(トルエン等)中、モレキュラーシーブ4A粉末、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル(TMSOTf)を順次添加して、上記式D-3で示される化合物とβ-1,2-グリコシド結合させることにより、上記式D-4で示される化合物を生成することができる。
上記式D-3で示される化合物は、以下の小工程Z-1~Z-3のようにして製造することができる。
まず、上記工程Y-1でも使用した式A-8:
次いで、式F-2で示される化合物を、2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルアセトイミドイルクロリド(TFPC)と反応させることにより、式D-3:
工程II-2-2は、上記式D-4で示される化合物上のアミノ基の保護基であるフタルイミド基を除去して、式D-5で示される化合物を生成する工程である。当該工程は、好適には、例えば、実施例55-1に示した方法によって行うことができ、例えば、式D-4で示される化合物を含む溶液に、n-ブタノール及びエチレンジアミンを添加することにより行うことができるが、これらに限定されない。
本工程II-2-2では、以下の精製方法により、式D-5で示される化合物を精製された形態で得ることができる。当該精製方法としては、上記式D-3で示される化合物と上記式D-4で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した上記式D-5で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に上記式D-5で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び疎水性担体を上記水溶性有機溶媒と水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて上記式D-5で示される化合物を疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、上記式D-5で示される化合物を精製することを含む。上記工程I-1-1における式A-5で示される化合物の精製方法で述べたのと同様、当該精製方法では、少量の疎水性担体を用いることで、オリゴ糖鎖の液相合成において、高品質のオリゴ糖を大量かつ効率的に製造することが可能となった。
上記式D-5で示される化合物は、以下の工程によっても精製することができる。なお、当該精製は、上記の式D-5で示される化合物の精製(1)とは別に、またはこれに加えて行ってもよい。当該工程としては、まず、式D-5で示される化合物をフマル酸と反応させることにより、フマル酸塩である結晶性の以下の式D-5-FMA:
工程II-2-3は、上記式D-5で示される化合物中のアミノ基をアリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基、アセチル(Ac)基、2,2,2-トリクロロエトキシカルボニル(Troc)基、及びフタルイミド(Pht)基から選択される保護基によって保護して、上記式D-6で示される化合物(式中、R5は、アリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基、アセチル(Ac)基、若しくは2,2,2-トリクロロエトキシカルボニル(Troc)基であり、かつ、R6は、水素原子であるか、又はR5及びR6は、これらが結合している窒素原子と一緒にフタルイミド基を形成する)を生成する工程である。上記のようなアミノ基の保護基を導入する目的は、目的化合物(式D-13で示される化合物)の製造のためには、当該アミノ基の保護基はアセチル基とする方が直線的なルートとなり、より効率的ではあるが、次工程II-3における式D-6で示される化合物と式D-7で示される化合物とのグリコシル化反応において、アセチル基で保護されたアミノ基(-NHAc基)が反応基質内に存在する場合、ルイス酸との相互作用により、目的のグリコシル化反応の著しい反応性の低下がみられ、過剰量の糖供与体が反応の完結に必要となるためである。したがって、上記グリコシル化反応時はグルコサミンの窒素上の一時的な保護基としてアリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基、2,2,2-トリクロロエトキシカルボニル(Troc)基、及びフタルイミド(Pht)基から選択される保護基によって保護して、グリコシル化反応後に脱保護し、-NHAc基とすることにより、上記の不利益を回避することができる。また、上記保護基としては、アリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基を使用することが最も好ましい。アリールオキシカルボニルにおける「アリール(Ar)基」は、芳香族炭化水素において芳香環上の1個の水素原子を除去することにより生成される基を意味し、限定するものではないが、フェニル基、2-ナフチル基、1-ナフチル基、2-ピリジル基、3-ピリジル基、ニトロフェニル基、クロロフェニル基、フルオロフェニル基、ブロモフェニル基、ヨードフェニル基、メトキシフェニル基、及びC1~C4アルキルフェニル基が挙げられ、好ましくはフェニル基である。アリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基は、他の保護基よりもグリコシル化反応が良好に進行し、更にその後の脱保護反応では一般的な加水分解条件下、室温、1時間以内等の好適な条件での脱保護が可能であることが見出されている。
工程II-3は、上記式D-6で示される化合物を、以下の式D-7:
本工程は、上記式D-6で示される化合物を、以下の式D-7で示される化合物とβ-1,4-グリコシド結合させることにより、式D-8で示される化合物を生成する工程である。上記のグリコシド結合工程は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例60~63に示した方法によって行うことができる。
本発明の一態様において、上記式D-7で示される化合物は、以下の小工程V-1~V-11のようにして製造することができる。当該工程は、2分子の単糖をα-2,6-グリコシド結合させて二糖ブロックを合成する後述の小工程V-7を必須の小工程として含むものであるが、それ以外については、単糖又はオリゴ糖製造における常法を用いて、又はこのような常法を応用することによって、実施することができる。
小工程V-1は、以下の式G-1:
小工程V-2は、式G-2で示される化合物より、ベンジリデン保護基を脱離させることにより、以下の式G-3:
小工程V-3は、以下の式G-4:
小工程V-4は、式G-5で示される化合物において、1位の炭素に結合している水酸基以外の水酸基を選択的にアセチル基で保護することにより、以下の式G-6:
小工程V-5は、式G-6で示される化合物を、2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルアセトイミドイルクロリド(TFPC)と反応させることにより、以下の式G-7:
小工程V-6は、式G-7で示される化合物のアセトアミド基中の窒素原子を、tert-ブトキシカルボニル基で保護することにより、以下の式G-8:
小工程V-7は、式G-8で示される化合物と、式G-3で示される化合物を、α-2,6-グリコシド結合させることにより、以下の式G-9:
小工程V-8は、式G-9で示される化合物より、tert-ブトキシカルボニル基を脱離させることにより、以下の式G-10:
小工程V-9は、式G-10で示される化合物の水酸基、並びにアセトアミド基中の窒素原子をアセチル基でさらに保護することにより、以下の式G-11:
小工程V-10は、式G-11で示される化合物において、D-ガラクトピラノシドの1位の炭素に結合しているアリル基を脱離させることにより、以下の式G-12:
小工程V-11は、式G-12で示される化合物を、2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルアセトイミドイルクロリド(TFPC)と反応させることにより、以下の式D-7:
本工程II-3-1では、以下の精製方法により、式D-8で示される化合物を精製された形態で得ることができる。当該精製方法としては、上記式D-6で示される化合物と上記式D-7で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した上記式D-8で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に上記式D-8で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び疎水性担体を上記水溶性有機溶媒と水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて上記式D-8で示される化合物を疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、上記式D-8で示される化合物を精製することを含む。上記工程I-1-1における式A-5で示される化合物の精製方法で述べたのと同様、当該精製方法では、少量の疎水性担体を用いることで、オリゴ糖鎖の液相合成において、高品質のオリゴ糖を大量かつ効率的に製造することが可能となった。
本工程は、式D-8で示される化合物上のアミノ基の保護基並びにアルコールのアシル系保護基を除去して、式D-9で示される化合物を生成する工程である。上記のアミノ基の保護基の除去(脱保護)は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例64に示した方法によって行うことができ、例えば、1,2-ジメトキシエタン及び水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、又は水酸化リチウム水溶液を順次添加することによって行うことができるが、これらに限定されない。
本工程は、式D-9で示される化合物上のアミノ基をアセチル基で保護して、以下の式D-10:
本工程II-3-3では、以下の精製方法により、式D-10で示される化合物を精製された形態で得ることができる。当該精製方法としては、生成した上記式D-10で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に上記式D-10で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び疎水性担体を上記水溶性有機溶媒と水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて上記式D-10で示される化合物を疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、上記式D-10で示される化合物を精製することを含む。上記工程I-1-1における式A-5で示される化合物の精製方法で述べたのと同様、当該精製方法では、少量の疎水性担体を用いることで、オリゴ糖鎖の液相合成において、高品質のオリゴ糖を大量かつ効率的に製造することが可能となった。
本工程は、式D-10で示される化合物上のベンジルオキシ基からベンジル基を除去して、上記の式D-11で示される化合物を生成する工程である。上記のベンジル基の除去は、既知の方法を利用又は応用することにより行うことができるが、好適には、例えば、実施例66に示した方法によって行うことができ、例えば、式D-10で表される化合物にN―メチルピロリドン、Pd/Cを加え、減圧→窒素置換及び水素加圧→解圧を行うことによって行うことができるが、これらに限定されない。
工程II-4は、上記式D-11で示される化合物を、アジドPEGリンカーである以下の式D-12:
本発明の一態様において、上記の式D-12で示される化合物は、粗製の式D-12で示される化合物を含む溶液に、以下の式E-1:
上記式A-13で示されるオリゴ糖の中間体は、該オリゴ糖の製造において有用であるが、該オリゴ糖の製造に限定されず、あらゆる用途に適用することが可能である。従って、本発明により、上記式A-13で示されるオリゴ糖及びその中間体が提供される。
本発明の一態様において、非還元末端にα2,6-シアル酸構造を有する2分岐型グリカン(即ち、式D-13で示されるオリゴ糖)を糖タンパク質等(特に、糖鎖リモデリング抗体若しくはそのFC領域含有分子、又は抗体薬物コンジュゲート)を合成する際のドナー分子として利用した、新規な糖タンパク質等及びその新規製造方法が提供される。以下に詳述するとおり、本発明の製造方法により得られた式D-13で示されるオリゴ糖は、糖タンパク質(特に、糖鎖リモデリング抗体若しくはFc領域含有分子、又は抗体薬物コンジュゲート)の製造のために使用することができる(WO2019/065964、WO2020/050406等)が、これに限定されず、その他の用途のために使用することもできる。
2-O-アセチル-3,4,6-トリ-O-ベンジル-D-マンノピラノース(式A-2で示される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-(2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-アセチル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式B-3で示される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式B-4で示される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-(2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-ベンジル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式B-5で示される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-(2-カルボキシベンズアミド)-2-デオキシ-4-O-(2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-ベンジル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド シンコニジン塩(式B-6で示される化合物)
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ176.2,169.5,155.3,151.6,150.1,148.0,146.4,138.88,138.7,138.53,138.48,138.39,138.35,138.26,137.8,133.4,130.15,130.07,129.11,128.73,128.70,128.51,128.4,128.34,128.22,128.2,128.16,127.95,127.92,127.83,127.75,127.57,127.55,127.43,127.41,127.19,127.12,124.9,122.8,119.5,118.7,116.2,114.3,103.2,100.3,82.4,79.8,78.7,76.2,75.2,75.1,74.8,73.7,73.4,73.03,72.99,72.7,68.7,68.1,59.8,55.5,55.3,54.1,43.4,37.6,27.0,25.0,19.1
HRMS(ESI+)[M+HNEt3]+ calcd for C75H85N2O14:1237.5995;found 1237.5977.
[α]D 20=-21.889(c 1.003,CDCl3).
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-(2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-ベンジル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式B-5で示される化合物)
3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-(2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-ベンジル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-β-D-グルコピラノース(式B-8で示される化合物)
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ168.2,139.06,139.04,138.98,138.91,138.7,138.6,138.5,138.10,138.06,133.8,131.7,128.40,128.38,128.32,128.27,128.24,128.10,127.99,127.96,127.90,127.84,127.78,127.76,127.72,127.68,127.65,127.63,127.55,127.51,127.49,127.44,127.42,127.3,126.8,123.6,123.3,102.9,102.8,93.1,92.8,82.34,82.32,80.02,79.99,77.8,77.7,76.6,75.43,75.39,75.31,74.53,74.49,74.33,73.98,73.72,73.63,73.41,73.24,73.20,73.07,72.63,72.59,70.6,68.3,68.0,67.8,57.7,55.8,
HRMS(ESI+)[M+Na]+ calcd for C62H61NNaO12:1034.4092;found 1034.4071.
[α]D 20=+33.243(c 1.002,CDCl3).
3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-(2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-ベンジル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-1-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-β-D-グルコピラノース(式A-11で示される化合物)
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ167.6,143.4,143.1,139.0,138.68,138.66,138.5,137.08,137.06,135.2,133.92,131.5,129.3,129.1,129.0,128.5,128.41,128.37,128.31,128.27,128.22,128.90,127.86,127.69,127.56,127.45,127.44,127.2,126.9,126.2,124.3,123.4,120.6,120.5,119.3,116.3(q,J=148.5Hz),102.9,93.5,82.3,79.9,76.6,76.0,75.4,74.5,73.61,73.41,73.08,73.05,72.6,68.3,67.2,54.8.
HRMS(ESI+) [M+Na]+ calcd for C70H65F3N2NaO12:1205.4387;found 1205.43835.
[α]D 20=+66.645(c 1.099,CDCl3).
13C-NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6)δ137.3,132.8,132.3,127.6,127.5,127.4,126.1,126.0,125.6,125.5,96.9,85.4,76.7,74.8,73.7,69.9,61.1.
HRMS(ESI-)[M-H]- calcd for C17H20O6:320.1260;found 319.1175.
なお、式C-3で示される化合物→式C-5で示される化合物の工程はワンポットで実施している。
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-{2,4,6-トリ-O-アセチル-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-グルコピラノシル}-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-8で示される化合物)
得られた粗体の式C-8で示される化合物(350.00g)にメチルイソブチルケトン(2.1L)を加え、50℃で溶解した後、エチルシクロヘキサン(1.4L)を1時間かけて滴下した。4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-{2,4,6-トリ-O-アセチル-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-グルコピラノシル}-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-8で示される化合物)(70.00mg)を加えて1時間攪拌し、結晶の析出を確認後、エチルシクロヘキサン(4.9L)を2時間かけて滴下した。懸濁液を室温に冷却し、14.5時間撹拌後、析出した結晶をろ過し、結晶をメチルイソブチルケトン(350mL)及びエチルシクロヘキサン(1.4L)の混合溶液で洗浄した。得られた結晶を減圧下40℃で乾燥し、4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-{2,4,6-トリ-O-アセチル-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-グルコピラノシル}-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-8で示される化合物)(331.74g,収率94.8%)を得た。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ171.0,169.5,169.1,155.6,151.0,138.7,138.2,135.5,133.9,133.4,133.2,128.7,128.4,128.23,128.20,128.06,128.05,127.9,127.2,126.5,126.2,125.7,123.5,118.9,114.5,100.7,97.8,80.6,78.5,76.8,75.2,74.8,74.1,73.8,73.1,72.1,69.9,67.8,62.2,55.78,55.75,21.1,20.94,20.85.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+H]+ calcd for C58H58NO16:1024.3750;found 1024.3706.
下記文献とスペクトルの一致を確認した:
Org.Biomol.Chem.,2018,16,4720-4727。
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-4-O-{3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-グルコピラノシル}-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-9で示される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-4-O-{4,6-O-ベンジリデン-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-グルコピラノシル}-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-10で示される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-4-O-{4,6-O-ベンジリデン-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-2-O-(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)-β-D-グルコピラノシル}-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-11で示される化合物(式中、X1はTf基である))
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-4-O-{4,6-O-ベンジリデン-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-マンノピラノシル}-2-(2-カルボキシベンズアミド)-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-13で示される化合物)
※式C-12で示される化合物→式C-13で示される化合物の工程はワンポットで実施した。
※種晶に関しては、反応液を一部小分けし、濃縮して固体を析出させたものを使用した。
※本反応は、東京化成工業株式会社製(製品コード:T2694、純度:>90.0%)及びSigma-Aldrich社製(製品コード:86849、純度:>90%)の酢酸テトラブチルアンモニウムを使用すると良好に反応が進行する。なお、その他のメーカーにおいては、酢酸テトラブチルアンモニウムに過剰の酢酸が含まれる場合があり、そういった場合、反応は大幅に遅延する傾向がある。代替法として、酢酸セシウムを用いて同様の変換反応が可能である(以下に詳細を記載)。
※式C-11で示される化合物→式C-12で示される化合物への変換は、酢酸セシウム(3当量)、ジメチルスルホキシド、50℃、24時間の条件においても実施可能であった。その後、同様の反応(式C-12で示される化合物→式C-13で示される化合物)、後処理を行うことで、式C-13で示される化合物を取得できた。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ170.9,168.4,155.3,151.4,138.7,138.0,137.6,136.2,135.4,133.4,133.3.,132.2,132.1,130.7,130.3,129.2,128.6,128.49,128.45,128.11,128.07,128.0,127.89,127.87,127.8,126.8,126.4,126.3,126.2,125.8,118.6,114.7,101.7,100.4,99.1,78.3,76.7,76.4,75.1,73.7,73.3,72.5,69.9,69.4,68.5,67.0,55.8,54.4.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+H]+ calcd for C59H58NO14:1004.3852;found 1004.3873.
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-4-O-{4,6-O-ベンジリデン-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-マンノピラノシル}-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-14で示される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-4-O-{2-O-ベンジル-4,6-O-ベンジリデン-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-マンノピラノシル}-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式C-15で示される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-4-O-{2,4-ジ-O-ベンジル-3-O-[(ナフタレン-2-イル)メチル]-β-D-マンノピラノシル}-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式A-4で示される化合物)
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ155.6,151.1,138.9,138.64,138.56,138.0,135.9,134.0,133.5,133.2,131.8,128.7,128.6,128.4,128.3,128.20,128.19,128.15,128.1,120.04,128.01,127.9,127.7,127.6,127.3,126.4,126.3,126.1,125.8,123.6,119.0,114.6,101.2,98.0,82.6,79.0,77.2,75.9,75.4,75.3,75.2,75.1,74.8,74.7,73.8,72.1,68.7,62.6,55.82,55.78,34.4,30.5.
HRMS(ESI-)[M+HCO2]- calcd for C67H64NO15:1122.4281;found 1122.4285.
13C-NMR(CDCl3)σ 167.0,155.3,150.8,138.8,138.7,138.51,138.49,138.4,138.0,137.9,135.6,133.6,133.2,132.9,131.6,128.44,128.41,128.32,128.26,128.22,128.19,128.12,127.86,127.81,127.75,127.71,127.69,127.63,127.56,127.44,127.37,127.27,127.0,126.3,126.2,125.9,125.7,123.2,118.7,114.3,101.9,98.3,97.6,82.7,79.6,77.8,76.6,75.04,74.98,74.91,74.89,74.75,74.4,74.3,74.1,74.0,73.4,73.3,71.70,71.65,71.3,68.8,68.6,68.3,67.1,55.6,55.5,20.9.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+HNEt3]+ calcd for C101H109N2O19 +:1654.7653;found 1654.7618.
[α]D 20=+31.589(c 1.002,CDCl3).
13C-NMR(CDCl3)σ 170.2,167.9,138.85,138.79,138.6,138.5,138.4,138.0,137.8,135.6,133.6,133.2,132.9,131.6,128.55,128.50,128.33,128.24,128.20,128.16,127.9,127.80,127.75,127.69,127.66,127.62,127.54,127.45,127.36,127.33,126.97,126.22,126.17,125.9,125.6,123.2,101.1,97.9,92.9,82.6,78.6,78.0,76.1,74.9,74.8,74.4,74.15,74.13,74.0,73.5,73.2,71.7,71.6,71.3,68.8,68.768.4,67.0,57.6,20.9.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+HNEt3]+ calcd for C94H103N2O18 +:1548.7234;found 1548.7237.
[α]D 20=+32.528(c 1.006,CDCl3).
13C-NMR(CDCl3)σ 170.0,167.4,143.0,138.8,138.7,138.5,138.4,138.0,137.6,135.6,133.7,133.2,133.0,131.5,128.56,128.53,128.4,128.32.128.30,128.26,128.22,128.19,128.14,128.12,127.90,127.86,127.81,127.74,127.72,127.69,127.54,127.46,127.38,127.28,127.0,126.3,126.2,126.0,125.6,124.3,123.3,119.3,101.8,98.2,82.6,79.0,77.8,76.2,75.5,75.0,74.91,74.89,74.7,74.5,74.3,74.1,74.0,73.4,73.3,71.7,71.7,71.3,68.8,68.3,68.0,67.0,54.7,20.8.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+HNH3]+ calcd for C96H91F3N3O18 +:1635.6591;found 1635.6549.
[α]D 20=+62.169(c 1.002,CDCl3).
13C-NMR(CDCl3)σ 169.8,168.1,167.4,155.2,150.8,138.9,138.71,138.68,138.55,138.48,138.36,137.9,135.6,133.8,133.6,133.2,133.0,131.8,131.6,131.5,128.5,128.34,128.32,128.29,128.26,128.20,128.17,128.12,128.10,127.89,127.85,127.80,127.77,127.69,127.65,127.52,127.47,127.44,127.36,127.29,127.28,126.90,126.87,126.3,126.2,126.0,125.7,123.5,123.2,123.1,118.5,114.2,102.1,98.2,97.4,97.1,82.7,80.0,77.8,76.6,75.9,74.9,74.8,74.63,74.61,74.56,74.49,74.3,74.06,74.03,73.3,73.2,72.6,71.7,71.6,71.2,68.7,68.3,68.11,68.06,68.8,56.5,55.6,55.5,20.8.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+HNEt3]+ calcd for C129H134N3O25 +:2125.9334;found 2125.9267.
[α]D 20=+30.098(c 1.008,CDCl3).
13C-NMR(CDCl3)σ 168.2,167.5,155.2,150.8,138.91,138.88,138.6,138.52,138.47,138.38,128.32,128.0,137.9,135.7,133.9,133.6,133.3,133.0,131.8,131.6,131.4,128.5,128.29,128.23,128.19,128.13,128.0,127.92,127.87,127.82,127.79,127.76,127.70,127.56,127.53,127.46,127.36,127.31,127.28,126.9,126.3,126.2,126.0,125.7,123.5,123.2,123.1,118.6,114.2,101.9,99.7,97.4,97.1,82.7,79.7,79.6,76.7,75.9,75.3,74.9,74.8,74.73,74.68,74.63,74.5,74.4,74.2,74.1,73.2,73.2,72.6,71.8,71.3,71.2,68.9,68.13,68.07,67.8,66.6,56.5,55.6,55.5.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+HNEt3]+ calcd for C127H132N3O24 +:2083.9229;found 2083.9150.
[α]D 20=+27.776(c 1.007,CDCl3).
13C-NMR(CDCl3)σ 168.4,168.2,167.4,155.2,150.8,139.1,139.02,139.99,138.93,138.8,138.7,138.52,138.48,138.38,138.32,138.06,138.01,135.6,133.7,133.61.133.56,133.3,133.2,132.9,131.8,131.6,131.4,128.54,128.50,128.39,128.34,128.17,128.13,128.10,128.00,127.96,127.89,127.82,127.78,127.67,127.64,127.62,127.59,127.51,127.48,127.46,127.41,127.39,127.29,127.20,127.05,127.01,126.9,126.7,126.3,126.2,125.9,125.7,123.5,123.2,123.1,123.0,118.6,114.2,102.9,102.7,97.8,97.4,97.0,96.9,83.1,82.5,80.4,79.9,77.7,77.4,76.9,76.6,75.7,75.3,75.175.0,74.8,74.7,74.6,74.52,74.46,74.0,73.95,73.85,73.7,73.4,73.2,73.0,72.9,72.58,72.55,72.52,72.48,72.0,71.9,69.8,69.7,68.2,3,68.20,68.06,68.03,67.0,56.6,55.6,55.5
HRMS(ESI+)[M+HNEt3]+ calcd for C191H175N4O35 +:3078.3350;found 3078.3200.
[α]D 20=+9.276(c 1.002,CDCl3).
得られた粗体を分取HPLCによる精製を行うことで精製品として4-メトキシフェニル 2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-ベンジル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル-(1→4)-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→2)-3,4,6-トリ-O-ベンジル-α-D-マンノピラノシル-(1→6)-2,4-ジ-O-ベンジル-β-D-マンノピラノシル-(1→4)-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→4)-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式A-13で示される化合物)を96g(式C-13で示される化合物)からの通算収率として36.1%)得た。
13C-NMR(CDCl3)σ 168.4,168.2,167.4,167.3,155.2,150.8,139.1,139.0,138.9,138.8,138.7,138.51,138.49,138.44,138.38,138.37,138.35,138.26,138.0,137.7,133.8,133.6,122.49,133.41,133.36,131.8,131.4,128.6,128.52,128.49,128.39,128.34,128.30,128.2,128.14,128.10,128.06,128.0,127.85,127.82,127.7,127.69,127.65,127.56,127.53,127.48,127.38,127.33,127.26,127.1,127.0,126.9,126.7,123.5,123.2,123.09,123.05,122.98,118.5,114.2,102.9,102.6,97.8,97.4,97.0,96.9,82.5,80.5,79.9,78.5,77.8,77.4,76.9,76.7,75.87,75.80,75.2,75.0,74.79,74.77,74.62,74.59,74.48,74.41,74.2,74.0,73.9,73.6,73.4,73.0,72.9,72.7,72.62,72.56,72.0,69.8,68.24,68.20,68.1,67.8,67.2,56.6,55.6,55.5,53.4.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+HNEt3]+ calcd for C172H183N4O35 +:2938.2725;found 2938.2516.
[α]D 20=+14.385(c 1.005,CDCl3).
式A-13で示される化合物を下記のスキームによる手法を用いることにより精製した。以下に示される通り、当該精製方法により、HPLC分取精製を行うことなく高純度の式A-13で示される化合物を取得することができた。
粉末X線結晶解析測定装置 : リガク
<測定条件>
波長 : Cuka / 1.541862 Å
ゴニオメーター : MiniFlex 300/600
スキャンスピード : CONTINUOUS
スキャンスピード/計数時間: 10.00
ステップ幅 : 0.02deg
スキャン軸 : 2θ/θ
スキャン範囲 : 3.00~40.00 deg
フィルター : K-beta(×1)
回転 : 有り
<式A-14の化合物の粉末X線結晶解析測定チャート>
カラム: Xbridge Phenyl 3.5μm, 4.6φX150mm (Waters)
波 長:220nm
オーブン:40℃
溶離液:
(A)10mM AcONH4水溶液、(B)アセトニトリル
グラジエント: 0分 (B)濃度85%
30分 (B)濃度100%
30.01分(B)濃度85%
35分 (B)濃度85%
流速:
1mL/分
インジェクション:
5μL
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δσ7.75(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.69-7.40(10H),7.55-7.10(m,54H),7.06-6.97(5H),6.97-6.89(m,8H),6.88-6.84(m,1H),6.82-6.73(m,5H),6。72-6.67(m,2H),6.62-6.56(m,5H),5.42(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.22(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.03(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),4.99(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),4.92(d,J=10.9Hz,1H),4.87-4.79(m,5H),4.75(d,J=11.5Hz,1H),4.70(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),4.67(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),4.63(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),4.61(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.60-3.97(m,30H),3.88(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),3.84(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.82-3.67(m,5H),3.66-3.60(m,5H),3.54-3.33(m,14H),3.27-3.23(m,1H),3.20(d,J=10.9Hz,1H),3.15-3.09(m,2H),2.83-2.78(m,1H),2.27-2.21(m,1H)
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ168.4,168.2,167.4,167.3,155.2,150.8,139.1,139.0,138.9,138.8,138.7,138.51,138.49,138.44,138.38,138.37,138.35,138.26,138.0,137.7,133.8,133.6,122.49,133.41,133.36,131.8,131.4,128.6,128.52,128.49,128.39,128.34,128.30,128.2,128.14,128.10,128.06,128.0,127.85,127.82,127.7,127.69,127.65,127.56,127.53,127.48,127.38,127.33,127.26,127.1,127.0,126.9,126.7,123.5,123.2,123.09,123.05,122.98,118.5,114.2,102.9,102.6,97.8,97.4,97.0,96.9,82.5,80.5,79.9,78.5,77.8,77.4,76.9,76.7,75.87,75.80,75.2,75.0,74.79,74.77,74.62,74.59,74.48,74.41,74.2,74.0,73.9,73.6,73.4,73.0,72.9,72.7,72.62,72.56,72.0,69.8,68.24,68.20,68.1,67.8,67.2,56.6,55.6,55.5,53.4
上記の実施例15での式C-8で示される化合物から式C-9で示される化合物を生成する脱アシル化反応について、以下の表に示される反応条件を用いて、脱アシル化反応の比較実験を行った。Entry1~3は比較例であり、Entry4及び5は本発明の実施例である。
・酸性条件下では、フタルイミド基の開環は抑制可能なものの、反応速度は遅く、分解が進行した(Entry2)。
・t-BuOKを用いたところ、85%程度で目的物は生成したものの、試薬、溶媒中の水分の影響から開環体が8%程度副生した(Entry3)。
・CF3CO2Meを添加したところ、開環体をほぼ完全に抑制して反応は完結した。塩基としてt-BuOK及びLHMDSが同等の結果を与えた(Entry4、5)。
15個のベンジル基と1個の2-ナフチルメチル基を含む式A-12で示される化合物の脱2-ナフチルメチル化反応を、以下の表に示すように、従来条件(CH2Cl2-H2O)(Entry1)及び本発明方法(HFIP-H2O)(Entry2、3)で行い、HPLCにて分析を行い、目的物(式A-13で示される化合物)及び過剰反応体である脱ベンジル体の面積ピーク比を算出した。結果を以下の表に示す。
・Entry2 HFIPを用いることで選択性が改善された。
・Entry3 HFIPを用いてさらに低温で反応を行うことで最も良い結果となった。
4つのベンジル基と一つの2-ナフチルメチル基を含む式A-4で示される化合物の脱2-ナフチルメチル化反応を、以下の表に示すように、従来条件(CH2Cl2-H2O)(Entry1)、本発明方法(HFIP-H2O)(Entry2)、酸性条件(Entry3)、及び水素添加条件(Entry4)に関して反応を行い、HPLCを用いた分析により、目的物(以下の式A-4’で示される化合物)の面積ピーク比を算出した。結果を以下の表に示す。
・Entry2 HFIPを用いることでより反応が改善された。
・Entry3 論文(J.Org.Chem.2015,80,8796-8806 )で報告されていたHCl/HFIP条件を適用したが反応が複雑化し、低収率という結果になった。
・Entry4 水素添加条件を用いると、ベンジル基の脱離も観測され、低収率という結果になった。
9つのベンジル基と一つの2-ナフチルメチル基を含む式A-10で示される化合物の脱2-ナフチルメチル化反応を、以下の表に示すように、従来条件(CH2Cl2-H2O)(Entry1)及び本発明方法(HFIP-H2O)(Entry2)に関して反応を行い、HPLCを用いた分析により、目的物(以下の式A-10’で示される化合物)の面積ピーク比を算出した。結果を以下の表に示す。
<式A-8で示される化合物と式A-9で示される化合物との分離精製>
以下に、4糖合成の際に用いる糖受容体である式A-8で示される化合物と式A-9で示される化合物との分離精製の実施例を示す。糖受容体である式A-8で示される化合物及び4糖である式A-9で示される化合物は順相シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにおいて極性が極めて近く、例えば典型的なカラム溶媒系であるヘキサン-酢酸エチル条件では同一のRf値であり分離は困難であった。本願発明を利用することでシリカゲルにおいて極性の極めて近い単糖及び4糖を容易に分離することが可能となった。
4-メトキシフェニル 4-O-アセチル-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式F-1で表される化合物)
4-メトキシフェニル 3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式A-8で表される化合物)(50.0g,83.94mmol)の酢酸エチル(200mL)溶液にトリエチルアミン(11.04g,109.12mmol)、ジメチルアミノピリジン(0.31g,2.52mmol)及び無水酢酸(11.10g,109.12mmol)を加え、20℃で4時間攪拌した。反応終了をHPLCにより確認後、エタノール(500mL)及び水(150mL)を滴下した。スラリー液を1時間攪拌し、析出した結晶をろ過して、濾別した結晶をエタノールと水の混合液(150/50mL)で洗浄して、40℃で減圧乾燥し、4-メトキシフェニル 4-O-アセチル-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式F-1で表される化合物)(49.0g,収率91%)を白色結晶として得た。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ169.6,155.3,150.6,137.8,137.5,133.9,128.2,128.0,127.7,127.7,127.5,127.4,123.3,118.4,114.3,97.4,76.8,73.9,73.7,73.5,72.2,69.4,55.4,55.3,20.8.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+H]+ calcd for C37H36NO9:638.2385;found 638.2401.
4-メトキシフェニル 4-O-アセチル-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式F-1で表される化合物)(49.0g,76.84mmol)のジクロロメタン(392mL)、ヘキサフルオロ-2-プロパノール(245mL)及び水(25mL)の溶液に、25℃以下で[ビス(トリフルオロアセトキシ)ヨード]ベンゼン(46.3g,107.58mmol)を加え、同温にて4時間攪拌した。反応終了をHPLCにより確認後、酢酸エチル(1225mL)を加えて、氷冷した後、炭酸水素ナトリウム(24.5g)及び亜硫酸ナトリウム(24.5g)を溶解した水(490mL)を注加し、分液して、有機層を得た。得られた有機層を炭酸水素ナトリウム(24.5g)及び亜硫酸ナトリウム(24.5g)を溶解した水(490mL)で再度洗浄し、さらに20%食塩水(245g)で洗浄した。得られた有機層を490mLまで減圧濃縮し(濃縮中に結晶の析出を確認した)、ヘプタン(735mL)を滴下した。得られたスラリー液を0℃~5℃に冷却後、同温にて1時間攪拌し、析出した結晶をろ過した。濾別した結晶を0℃~5℃の酢酸エチルとヘプタンの混合液(39/118mL)で洗浄して、40℃で減圧乾燥し、4-O-アセチル-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-D-グルコピラノシド(式F-2で表される化合物)(37.5g,収率92%)を白色結晶として得た。
13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.8,168.1,137.7,137.7,134.0,131.6,128.4,128.2,128.0,127.8. 127.7,127.5,123.4,116.2,92.9,73.9,73.7,73.5,72.2,69.3,57.1,20.9.
HRMS(ESI-)[M-H]- calcd for C30H28NO8:530.1820;found 530.1841.
4-O-アセチル-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-O-[2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル]-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式D-3で表される化合物)
4-O-アセチル-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-D-グルコピラノシド(式F-2で表される化合物)(20.0g,37.63mmol)を500mLナスフラスコに加え、ジクロロメタン(200mL)及びモレキュラーシーブ4A粉末(10μm以下,10.0g)を加えた。窒素下、0℃にてN-メチルイミダゾール(3.40g,41.39mmol)及び2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルアセトイミドイルクロリド(8.20g,39.51mmol)を順次加え、同温にて18時間撹拌した。HPLCにより反応終了を確認した後、反応液をフィルターろ過し、ジクロロメタン(100mL)にて洗浄した。ろ液をジクロロメタンにて充填した中性シリカゲルパッド(シリカゲル60N,関東化学製,粒子径:40~50μm,60g)でろ過し、100mLずつ分取した。シリカゲルパッドをジクロロメタン(400mL,100mLずつ分取)及び酢酸エチル/ジクロロメタン(1:4,400mL,100mLずつ分取)にて洗浄し、選定フラクションを、液量が40mLに達するまで濃縮した。トルエン(200mL)を加え、再度液量が40mLに達するまで濃縮、さらにトルエン(200mL)を加え、液量が40mLに達するまで濃縮し、粗体の4-O-アセチル-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-2-(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)-O-[2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル]-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式D-3で表される化合物)をトルエン溶液として得た。このものを次工程にそのまま使用した。
13C-NMR(125MHz,METHANOL-D4)δ62.74,69.36,70.21,71.08,71.51,72.49,99.46,117.47,135.69.
MS(ESI)m/z:221(M+H)+,219(M-H)-.
MS(ESI)m/z:309(M+H)+,307(M-H)-.
プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 4,6-О-ベンジリデン-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-1で表される化合物)(30.0g,97.30mmol)のピリジン(150mL)溶液に、塩化ベンゾイル(47.87g,340.54mmol)を40℃以下で滴下し、同温で2時間攪拌した。反応終了をHPLCにて確認後、20℃-30℃に冷却し、エタノール(450mL)を注加後、水(300mL)を30分間かけて滴下した。スラリー液を20℃-30℃で1時間攪拌後、析出した結晶をろ過し、濾別した結晶をエタノールと水の混合液(75/75mL)で洗浄して、40℃で減圧乾燥し、プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 2,3-ジ-О-ベンゾイル-4,6-О-ベンジリデン-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-2で表される化合物)(47.9g,収率95%)を白色結晶として得た。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ166.1,165.8,137.5,133.4,133.2,133.1,129.8,129.7,129.5,129.4,128.8,128.3,128.1,126.1,117.5,100.6,96.2,74.2,69.3,69.1,68.7,68.6,62.4.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+H]+ calcd for C30H29O8:517.1857;found 517.1880.
プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 2,3-ジ-О-ベンゾイル-4,6-О-ベンジリデン-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-2で表される化合物)(47.1g,91.18mmol)のアセトニトリル(377mL)溶液を45℃に加温し、水(24mL)及び濃塩酸(9.2g,91.18mmol)を加え、同温で30分間攪拌した。水(353mL)を45℃~50℃で3時間かけて滴下後、さらに30分間攪拌した。反応終了をHPLCにより確認後、酢酸ナトリウム(11.22g,136.78mmol)を加え、酢酸エチル(942mL)及び水(471mL)を注加し、25℃以下に冷却後、分液して、有機層を得た。得られた有機層を水(471mL)で二回洗浄後、20%食塩水(236mL)でさらに洗浄した。有機層を141mLまで減圧濃縮し、トルエン(707mL)を加え、再度、141mLまで減圧濃縮した。得られた濃縮液にトルエン(236mL)を加え、141mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液を0℃~5℃に冷却後、0℃~5℃に冷却した中性シリカゲル(シリカゲル60N,関東化学製、粒子径:40~50μm,141g)を含むトルエン(330mL)スラリー液を注加し、同温で15分間攪拌して生成物をシリカゲルに吸着させた後、ろ過した。生成物を含むシリカゲル固相を0℃~5℃のトルエン(942mL)で洗浄後(トルエン洗浄時のろ液は廃棄)、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル(707mL)で目的物をシリカゲルより脱着させ、プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 2,3-ジ-О-ベンゾイル-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-3で表される化合物)のシクロペンチルメチルエーテル溶液(定量値36.2g,定量収率93%)を得た。本溶液を次工程に使用した。
5-アセトアミド-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソニック酸(式G-4で表される化合物)(40.1g,129.66mmol)及びオルトギ酸メチル(15.60mL,142.59mmol)のメタノール(321mL)溶液に硫酸(1.0g,10.20mmol)を加え、40℃に加温し、3時間攪拌した。反応終了をHPLCにより確認後、25℃に冷却し、ジメチルアセトアミド(40mL)を加え、160mLまで減圧濃縮した。得られた濃縮液を15℃に温度調整し、水(20mL)及び酢酸エチル(722mL)を注加して、25℃で1時間攪拌後、スラリー液を0℃~5℃に冷却し、同温で2時間攪拌した。析出した結晶をろ過し、濾別した結晶を0℃~5℃の酢酸エチル(80mL)で洗浄して、40℃で減圧乾燥し、メチル 5-アセトアミド-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート 一水和物(式G-5で表される化合物)(41.1g,収率93%)を白色結晶として得た。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CD3OD)δ175.2,175.1,171.8,96.6,72.1,72.0,71.6,70.1,67.9,64.8,54.4,54.3,53.2,40.7,22.7,22.7.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+H]+ calcd for C12H22NO9:324.1289;found 324.1288.
メチル 5-アセトアミド-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート 一水和物(式G-5で表される化合物)(40.3g,118.07mmol)のアセトニトリル(403mL)スラリー液を25℃に温度調整し、無水酢酸(60.27g,590.36mmol)及びパラトルエンスルホン酸一水和物(1.12g,5.89mmol)を加え、25℃で24時間攪拌した。その後、反応液を15℃に冷却し、無水酢酸(12.05g,118.03mmol)を加え、同温で47時間攪拌した。HPLCにより反応終了を確認後、メタノール(40mL)を加え、25℃に温度調整し、同温にて2時間攪拌した。次に、酢酸ナトリウム(0.97g,11.82mmol)を加え、更に同温にて1時間攪拌した。反応液を120mLまで減圧濃縮し、0℃~5℃に冷却後、酢酸エチル(403mL)及び水(161mL)を注加し、0℃~5℃攪拌下、トリエチルアミンを加えて、pHを7.0に調整した。分液により得られた有機層を10%食塩水(121mL)で2回洗浄し、200mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液に酢酸エチル(605mL)を加え、再度、200mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液に酢酸エチル(40mL)を加え、種晶を接種し、25℃で4時間攪拌後、ヘプタン(302mL)を30分間かけて滴下した。スラリー液を25℃で2時間攪拌後、析出した結晶をろ過し、濾別した結晶を酢酸エチルとヘプタンの混合液(67/135mL)で洗浄して、35℃で減圧乾燥し、メチル 5-アセトアミド-4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート(式G-6で表される化合物)(44.1g,収率76%)を白色結晶として得た。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ171.5,171.1,170.8,170.3,170.2,168.9,94.9,72.1,71.4,69.1,68.3,62.5,53.2,49.1,36.1,23.0,21.0,20.8,20.7,20.7.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+H]+ calcd for C20H30NO13:492.1712;found 492.1712.
メチル 5-アセトアミド-4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-2-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-D-グリセロ-β-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート(式G-7で表される化合物)
メチル 5-アセトアミド-4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート(式G-6で表される化合物)(44.0g,89.53mmol)及びモレキュラーシーブス4A粉末(粉末粒径10μm以下)(22g)のジクロロメタン(352mL)スラリー液を20℃に温度調整し、同温で30分間攪拌後、2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルアセトイミドイルクロリド(26.02g,125.35mmol)を加えた。続いて、N-メチルイミダゾール(11.03g,134.33mmol)を滴下し、20℃で7.5時間攪拌した。HPLCにより反応終了を確認後、反応液をろ過し、ジクロロメタン(88mL)で洗浄して、ろ液を得た。得られたろ液を0℃に冷却し、冷水(440mL)を加え、0℃~5℃攪拌下、トリエチルアミンを加えて、pHを7.5に調整した。0℃~5℃にて30分間攪拌後、分液し、得られた有機層を冷水(440mL)で2回、冷却した20%食塩水(220mL)で洗浄し、88mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液に酢酸エチル(440mL)を加え、再度、88mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液にt-ブチルメチルエーテル(308mL)を加え、種晶を接種し、20℃で4時間攪拌した。得られたスラリー液にヘプタン(264mL)を1時間かけて滴下し、同温にて2時間攪拌後、析出した結晶をろ過し、濾別した結晶をt-ブチルメチルエーテルとヘプタンの混合液(132/88mL)で洗浄して、35℃で減圧乾燥し、メチル 5-アセトアミド-4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-2-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-D-グリセロ-β-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート(式G-7で表される化合物)(39.5g,収率67%)を白色結晶として得た。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ171.0,170.7,170.4,170.2,170.1,165.3,142.6,141.0(q,2JC-F=36.0Hz),128.8,124.6,119.0,115.1(q,1JC-F=284.4Hz),99.7,73.6,71.9,68.3,68.0,62.4,53.1,48.6,35.6,23.0,20.8,20.8,20.7,20.3.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+NH4]+ calcd for C28H37F3N3O13:680.2273;found 680.2314.
メチル 4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-5-[アセチル(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ]-3,5-ジデオキシ-2-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-D-グリセロ-β-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート(式G-8で表される化合物)
メチル 5-アセトアミド-4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-2-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-D-グリセロ-β-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート(式G-7で表される化合物)(39.0g,58.86mmol)のテトラヒドロフラン(390mL)溶液に2炭酸ジ-tert-ブチル(27.05g,123.94mmol)及びジメチルアミノピリジン(1.80g,14.73mmol)を加え、還流温度まで加温した。還流下で30分間攪拌後、HPLCにより反応終了を確認し、反応液を117mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液にトルエン(195mL)を加え、再度、117mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液をシリカゲル充填した漏斗(シリカゲル60N,関東化学製,粒子径:40~50μm、117g、トルエン湿式充填)を用いて、ろ過し、トルエン・酢酸エチル混液(8/2)(975mL)にて洗浄して、ろ液を得た。得られたろ液を減圧濃縮し(重量59gとなるまで)、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル(23mL)を加えた。溶液を20℃に温度調整し、ヘプタン(156mL)を15分間かけて滴下し、同温にて1時間攪拌した。結晶の析出を確認後、ヘプタン(312mL)を1時間かけて滴下し、析出した結晶をろ過し、濾別した結晶をヘプタン(78mL)で洗浄して、35℃で減圧乾燥し、メチル 4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-5-[アセチル(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ]-3,5-ジデオキシ-2-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-D-グリセロ-β-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート(式G-8で表される化合物)(37.0g,収率82%)を白色結晶として得た。
注)ca.1/4異性体混合物として検出された。Major isomer:δ7.27(t,J=8.9Hz,2H),7.09(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.73(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),5.75-5.65(m,1H),5.31(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),5.18-5.14(m,1H),5.15(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.54(dd,J=12.0,2.0Hz,1H),4.08(dd,J=12.6,6.9Hz,1H),3.84(s,3H),2.90(dd,J=13.7,5.2Hz,1H),2.39(s,3H),2.25(dd,J=13.7,11.2Hz,1H),2.09(s,3H),2.07(s,3H),1.99(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),1.62(s,9H).Minor isomer:δ 6.76(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),5.85-5.80(m,1H),5.29-5.25(m,1H),5.22-5.19(m,1H),4.44(d,J=11.0Hz,1H),4.15-4.11(m,1H),3.03(dd,J=14.0,5.0Hz,1H),2.41(s,3H),2.12(s,3H),2.00(s,3H),1.88(s,3H),1.74(s,3H),1.54(s,9H).13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3) Mixture:δ173.7,170.4,170.2,170.0,169.9,165.4,151.7,142.8,128.7,124.5,119.1,100.6,85.2,72.8,71.3,67.7,65.9,62.0,53.1,52.0,36.7,27.9,27.7,26.6,20.8,20.7,20.6,20.3.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+NH4]+ calcd for C33H45F3N3O15:780.2797;found 780.2801.
プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-{4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-5-[アセチル(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ]-3,5-ジデオキシ-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル}-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-9で表される化合物)
プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 2,3-ジ-О-ベンゾイル-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-3で表される化合物)のシクロペンチルメチルエーテル溶液(定量値31.46g,73.43mmol)を105mLまで減圧濃縮した後、メチル 4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-5-[アセチル(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ]-3,5-ジデオキシ-2-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-D-グリセロ-β-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノソナート(式G-8で表される化合物)(35.0g,45.89mmol)のシクロペンチルメチルエーテル(175mL)溶液に加えた。次に、得られた混合溶液にシクロペンチルメチルエーテルを加え、全量を350mLに調整した(式G-3で表される化合物及び式G-8で表される化合物のシクロペンチルメチルエーテル混合溶液)。別容器にシクロペンチルメチルエーテル(525mL)及びモレキュラーシーブス4A粉末(粉末粒径10μm以下)(17.5g)を加え、-60℃に冷却後、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル(4.2mL,23.24mmol)を加えた。この溶液に対し、-60℃、強攪拌下、式G-3で表される化合物及び式G-8で表される化合物のシクロペンチルメチルエーテル混合溶液を4.5時間かけて滴下し、同温にて2時間攪拌した。HPLCにより反応終了を確認した後、トリエチルアミン(4.5mL,32.12mmol)を加え、反応液を0℃まで昇温した。その後、セライト545(35.00g)を加えた後、反応液をろ過し、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル(175mL)で洗浄した。ろ液に水(350mL)を加え、分液した。次に、有機層に0.5N塩酸水(350mL)を加え、20℃で2時間攪拌した。HPLCにより副生成物の分解を確認した後、分液して有機層を得た。有機層を水(350mL)及び20%食塩水(175mL)で洗浄後、70mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液にトルエン(700mL)を加え、70mLまで減圧濃縮した。再度、濃縮液にトルエン(700mL)及び中性シリカゲル(シリカゲル60N,関東化学製,粒子径:40~50μm,158g)を加え、20℃で30分間攪拌した。生成物をシリカゲルに吸着させた後、ろ過し、生成物を含むシリカゲル固相をトルエン(1575mL)で洗浄後(トルエン洗浄時のろ液は廃棄)、酢酸エチル(875mL)で目的物をシリカゲルより脱着させた。得られた酢酸エチル溶液を70mLまで減圧濃縮し、トルエン(175mL)を加え、再度、70mLまで減圧濃縮して、プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-{4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-5-[アセチル(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ]-3,5-ジデオキシ-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル}-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-9で表される化合物)のトルエン溶液を得た。本溶液を次工程に使用した。
プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 6-O-{5-アセトアミド-4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル}-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-10で表される化合物)
実施例45で取得したプロプ-2-エン-1-イル 2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-{4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-5-[アセチル(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ]-3,5-ジデオキシ-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル}-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-9で表される化合物)のトルエン溶液に、ジクロロメタン(525mL)及びトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸銅(II)(8.30g,22.95mmol)を加え、40℃で昇温し、同温にて2時間攪拌した。HPLCにより反応終了を確認した後、25℃に冷却し、70mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液に酢酸エチル(525mL)を加え、5%食塩水(350mL)で3回洗浄後、有機層にヘプタン(263mL)を加え、20%メタノール水(525mL)で4回洗浄した。HPLCにより、グリコシル化反応で副生した化合物8のβ脱離体由来の不純物が水層に除去されていることを確認後、有機層を70mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液に酢酸イソプロペニル(525mL)を加え、350mLまで減圧濃縮して、プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 6-O-{5-アセトアミド-4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル}-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-10で表される化合物)の酢酸イソプロペニル溶液を得た。本溶液を次工程に使用した。
プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 4-O-アセチル-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-[4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-5-(ジアセチルアミノ)-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル]-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-11で表される化合物)
実施例46で取得したプロプ-2-エン-1-イル 6-O-{5-アセトアミド-4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル}-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-10で表される化合物)の酢酸イソプロペニル溶液に、パラトルエンスルホン酸一水和物(0.88g,4.62mmol)を加え、還流温度まで昇温し(内温90℃付近)、同温にて3時間攪拌した。HPLCにより反応終了を確認した後、25℃に冷却し、トリエチルアミン(0.95mL,6.85mmol)を加え、70mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液にトルエン(350mL)を加え、再度、70mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液にトルエン(630mL)を加え、中性シリカゲル(シリカゲル60N,関東化学製,粒子径:40~50μm,123g)を加えて、同温で30分攪拌して生成物をシリカゲルに吸着させた後、ろ過した。生成物を含むシリカゲル固相をトルエン(1925mL)及びトルエン/酢酸エチル混液(97/3,1400mL)で洗浄後(洗浄時のろ液は廃棄)、生成物を含むシリカゲル固相から酢酸エチル(1050mL)で目的物を脱着させ、得られた酢酸エチル溶液を減圧濃縮することにより、プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 4-O-アセチル-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-[4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-5-(ジアセチルアミノ)-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル]-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-11で表される化合物)(30.1g,収率67%(式G-8で表される化合物基準))を白色泡沫固体として得た(0.42当量のトルエン(約4重量%)を含む)。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ174.5,173.6,170.5,170.1,169.9,169.8,169.6,167.3,166.0,165.5,133.5,133.3,133.1,129.8,129.5,129.4,128.4,128.3,117.5,98.6,95.5,77.2,69.8,68.9,68.6,68.6,68.3,68.3,67.5,67.0,66.7,62.4,61.8,57.0,52.9,38.7,27.9,25.9,21.0,20.9,20.7,20.7,20.6.
HRMS(ESI+)[M+H]+ calcd for C47H56NO22:986.3288;found 986.3277.
得られた化合物について、下記文献とスペクトルの一致を確認した:
J.Org.Chem.2016,81,10600-10616。
4-O-アセチル-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-[4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-5-(ジアセチルアミノ)-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル]-D-ガラクトピラノース(式G-12で表される化合物)
プロプ-2-エン-1-イル 4-O-アセチル-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-[4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-5-(ジアセチルアミノ)-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル]-α-D-ガラクトピラノシド(式G-11で表される化合物)(29.00g,29.41mmol)、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸(9.19g,58.86mmol)、及びトリフェニルホスフィン(2.31g,8.81mmol)のメタノール溶液(290mL)を減圧、窒素置換を5回繰り返して、脱気操作を行った後、酢酸パラジウム(II)(0.66g,2.94mmol)を加え、40℃で12時間攪拌した。HPLCにより反応終了を確認した後、トルエン(580mL)及び水(1015mL)を加え、分液し、有機層を得た。有機層を20%メタノール水(580mL)で4回洗浄し、1,3-ジメチルバルビツール酸を水層に除去した後、58mLまで減圧濃縮し、トルエン(435mL)を加え、再度、58mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液にトルエン(383mL)、クロロホルム(197mL)、及び中性シリカゲル(シリカゲル60N,関東化学製,粒子径:40~50μm,145g)を加えて、30分間攪拌して生成物をシリカゲルに吸着させた後、ろ過した。生成物を含むシリカゲル固相をトルエン、クロロホルム混液(2/1,4350mL)で洗浄後(洗浄時のろ液は廃棄)、生成物を含むシリカゲル固相から酢酸エチル(870mL)で目的物を脱着させた。得られた酢酸エチル溶液にSHシリカゲル(29.00g)を加え、30分間攪拌後、ろ過して、酢酸エチル(145mL)で洗浄し、目的物を含む酢酸エチル溶液を得た。得られた溶液を58mLまで減圧濃縮し、トルエン(145mL)を加えて、再度58mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液をシリカゲルカラム精製し(シリカゲル60N,関東化学製,粒子径:40~50μm,290g,移動相 ヘキサン/酢酸エチル 50/50~30/70)、選定したフラクションを29mLまで減圧濃縮した。濃縮液に、酢酸エチル(290mL)及び活性炭(白鷺A,14.5g)を加え、30分間攪拌後、ろ過して、酢酸エチル(87mL)で洗浄し、目的物を含む精製酢酸エチル溶液を得た。得られた溶液を減圧濃縮し、4-O-アセチル-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-[4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-5-(ジアセチルアミノ)-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル]-D-ガラクトピラノース(式G-12で表される化合物)(18.70g,収率67%)を白色泡沫固体として得た。
13C-NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)α/β mixture:174.5,173.8,173.6,171.7,171.0,170.5,170.3,170.3,169.9,169.8,169.8,169.6,167.6,167.3,166.3,166.0,165.6,165.4,133.3,133.2,133.2,133.1,129.8,129.7,129.5,129.4,129.4,129.3,129.0,128.4,128.3,99.1,98.8,95.9,91.0,72.2,71.6,71.5,69.9,69.9,69.3,69.3,68.8,68.5,68.1,67.5,67.5,67.3,67.0,66.6,62.9,62.6,62.4,60.3,57.2,56.8,53.0,52.9,38.6,38.3,27.9,27.8,26.1,25.7,21.0,20.9,20.8,20.7,20.7,20.6,20.5.
HRMS(ESI-)[M+HCOO]- calcd for C45H52NO24:990.2885;found 990.2873.
カラム:CAPCELL PAK ADME φ4.6×150mm,膜厚3μm
波長:220nm
オーブン:40℃
溶離液:(A)0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液、(B)アセトニトリル
グラジエント:0~150m分(B)濃度40%
150.1分(B)濃度95%
155分 (B)濃度95%
155.1分(B)濃度40%
160分 (B)濃度40%
流速: 1mL/分
インジェクション: 5μL
4-O-アセチル-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-[4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-5-(ジアセチルアミノ)-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル]-1-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-D-ガラクトピラノース(式D-7で表される化合物)
4-O-アセチル-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-[4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-5-(ジアセチルアミノ)-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル]-D-ガラクトピラノース(式G-12で表される化合物)(20.0g,21.1mmol)を500mLナスフラスコに加え、ジクロロメタン(200mL)及びモレキュラーシーブ4A粉末(10μm以下,10.0g)を加えて、0℃まで冷却した。窒素下、同温にてN-メチルイミダゾール(1.91g,23.3mmol)及び2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルアセトイミドイルクロリド(4.39g,21.1mmol)を加え、室温に昇温して24時間撹拌した。HPLCにより反応終了を確認した後、反応液をフィルターろ過し、ジクロロメタン(100mL)にて洗浄した。ろ液をジクロロメタンにて充填した中性シリカゲルパッド(シリカゲル60N,関東化学製,粒子径:40~50μm,60g)でろ過し、100mLずつ分取した。シリカゲルパッドを酢酸エチル/ジクロロメタン(1:9,1000mL,200mLずつ分取)にて洗浄し、選定フラクションを減圧濃縮することで、4-O-アセチル-2,3-ジ-O-ベンゾイル-6-O-[4,7,8,9-テトラ-O-アセチル-3,5-ジデオキシ-5-(ジアセチルアミノ)-1-メチル-D-グリセロ-α-D-ガラクト-ノン-2-ウロピラノシル]-1-O-(2,2,2-トリフルオロ-N-フェニルエタンイミドイル)-D-ガラクトピラノース(式D-7で表される化合物)(20.1g,収率85%)を白色アモルファスとして得た。
HRMS(ESI+)[M+NH4]+ calcd for C52H59F3N3O22:1134.3537;found 1134.3564.
下記文献とスペクトルの一致を確認した:
J.Org.Chem.2016,81,10600-10616。
式D-5で表される化合物を、当該化合物のフマル酸塩結晶を取得する工程を含む下記方法によって精製した。当該精製方法により、式D-5-FMAで表される化合物の純度の大幅な向上が達成され、また、アノマー異性体をはじめとする複数の不純物をろ液に除去することが可能となった。
カラム:Xselect Fluoro-Phenyl 3.5μm, 4.6φX150mm (Waters)
波長:220nm
オーブン:40℃
溶離液:(A)10 mM NH4HCO3水溶液、(B)アセトニトリル
グラジエント: 0分 (B)濃度.75%
25分(B)濃度80%
30分(B)濃度100%
30.01分(B)濃度75%
35分 (B)濃度75%
流速:
1mL/分
インジェクション:
5μL
C195H213N4O38 +:3218.4852;found 3218.4861
1H-NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.54(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),7.48-7.15(m,100H),6.94(d,J=9.5Hz,2H),6.84(s,10H),5.43(s,1H),5.34(d,J=9,5Hz,1H),5.25-5.01(m,6H),4.93-4.29(m,40H),4.21-3.43(m,41H),3.42-3.40(m,24H),3.23-2.93(m,6H),
13C-NMR(125MHz,CD3OD)δ155.3,151.4,139.3,139.2,139.06,139.02,138.85,138.83,138.78,138.69,138.5,138.34,133.31,138.19,138.16,138.14,138.07,137.5,128.5,128.45,128.43,128.37,128.34,128.31,128.28,128.26,128.20,128.15,128.10,128.04,127.95,127.86,127.80,127.75,127.72,127.65,127.62,127.59,127.52,127.50,127.4,127.36,127.33, 127.31,127.2,126.0,118.6,114.4,103.40,103.36,102.7,102.63,102.59,101.2,99.8,97.9,84.3,83.2,83.1,82.8,82.4,81.6,79.9,78.4,78.2,77.9,77.5,76.1,76.0,75.6,75.5,75.2,75.2,75.1,74.91,74.89,74.8,74.7,74.58,74.55,74.5,74.4,74.3,74.2,74.1,73.9,73.84,73.77,73.4,73.26,73.23,73.1,73.06,72.98,72.93,72.8,72.6,72.5,71.6,71.5,71.3,70.5,69.4,68.79,68.75,68.3,68.2,67.1,57.1,56.4,55.6,55.4.
得られた粗体の4-メトキシフェニル 2-アミノ-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→2)-3,4,6-トリ-O-ベンジル-α-D-マンノピラノシル-(1→3)-[2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-ベンジル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル-(1→4)-2-アミノ-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→2)-3,4,6-トリ-O-ベンジル-α-D-マンノピラノシル-(1→6)]-2,4-ジ-O-ベンジル-β-D-マンノピラノシル-(1→4)-2-アミノ-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→4)-2-アミノ-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式D-5で表される化合物)に2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン(6.6mL)、メタノール(3.3mL)、無水酢酸(124.1μL,1.31mmol)及びトリエチルアミン(145μL,1.56mmol)を順次添加した。6時間攪拌後、反応液を濃縮乾固して得られる粗体を分取HPLC(アセトニトリル/水93%→100%)で精製して、4-メトキシフェニル 2-アセトアミド-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→2)-3,4,6-トリ-O-ベンジル-α-D-マンノピラノシル-(1→3)-[2,3,4,6-テトラ-O-ベンジル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシル-(1→4)-2-アセトアミド-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→2)-3,4,6-トリ-O-ベンジル-α-D-マンノピラノシル-(1→6)]-2,4-ジ-O-ベンジル-β-D-マンノピラノシル-(1→4)-2-アセトアミド-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→4)-2-アセトアミド-3,6-ジ-O-ベンジル-2-デオキシ-β-D-グルコピラノシド(式D-6-ACで表される化合物)(295.60mg,収率80%)を得た。
なお、(-)-ジ-p-トルオイル-L-酒石酸の替わりに、(+)-ジ-p-トルオイル-D-酒石酸を用いても同様の操作が可能である。
13C-NMR(125MHz,DMSO)δ167.98,164.86,133.38,129.63,129.22,128.66,72.10,69.73,69.63,69.59,69.57,69.21,66.69,49.97,38.38.
なお、(-)-ジベンゾイル-L-酒石酸の替わりに、(+)-ジベンゾイル-D-酒石酸を用いても同様の操作が可能である。
(-)-ジ-p-アニソイル-L-酒石酸の替わりに、(+)-ジ-p-アニソイル-D-酒石酸を用いても同様の操作が可能である。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ3.69-3.62(m,10H),3.51(t,J=5.5Hz,2H),3.39(t,J=5.5Hz,2H),2.87(t,J=5.5Hz,2H).
下記のHPLC分析条件において、式D-12で示される化合物の純度の測定を実施した。サンプル溶液を測定後、ブランク溶液を測定し、ブランクピークを削除することにより、式D-12で示される化合物のHPLC純度を算出した。
10mLメスフラスコに、式D-12で示される化合物50mgを秤量し、アセトニトリル2mL、トリエチルアミン100μLを加え、混合した。無水酢酸50μLを添加し、混合後、15分静置し、式D-12で示される化合物をアセチル誘導体化した。4規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液150μLを加え、混合後、50%アセトニトリル水でメスアップしてサンプル溶液を調製した。
<ブランク溶液の調製>
10mLメスフラスコにアセトニトリル2mL、トリエチルアミン100μLを加え、混合した。無水酢酸50μL を添加し、混合後、15分静置した。4規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液150μLを加え、混合後、50%アセトニトリル水でメスアップしてサンプル溶液を調製した。
<HPLC分析条件>
使用機器:SHIMAZU HPLC(LC-20AD)
カラム:Xbrige C18 3.5μm,4.6×150mm(Waters)
移動相A:10mM AcONH4水溶液
移動相B:CH3CN
検出波長:210nm
カラム温度:40℃
注入量:5μL
保持時間:7.3分(アセチル化された式D-12で示される化合物),9.0分(アセチル化された式D-12で示される化合物の二量体)
13C-NMR(125MHz,D2O)δ22.71,22.76,22.89,22.99,23.06,23.91,38.85,39.41,50.80,52.35,55.22,55.50,55.62,56.45,60.58,60.62,60.84,61.64,62.28,62.34,63.29,63.68,66.31,66.43,67.63,67.91,67.92,67.99,68.45,68.97,69.14,69.18,69.80,69.85,70.06,70.10,70.16,70.28,70.83,71.29,71.62,71.73,72.66,72.71,72.73,73.09,73.16,73.50,74.12,74.16,74.19,75.02,75.05,75.34,75.36,75.99,76.98,77.06,79.19,79.65,80.10,81.11,81.48,97.67,100.02,100.10,100.18,101.07,102.03,103.60,104.29,115.72,118.92,151.66,155.49,163.48,169.72,175.26,175.28,175.39,175.46,175.64.
HRMS(ESI)[M+H]+(m/z):calcd for C88H144N9O57:2238.8641;found 2238.8604[M+H]+).
Claims (116)
- 以下の式A-13:
(工程I-1)式A-3:
(工程I-2)前記式A-7で示される化合物を、以下の式A-8:
(工程I-3)前記式A-10で示される化合物を、以下の式A-11:
を含む、方法。 - 前記工程I-2において、前記式A-9で示される化合物を、パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルの存在下で、強塩基と反応させることにより、前記式A-10で示される化合物を生成することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルが、トリフルオロ酢酸メチル、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル、トリフルオロ酢酸プロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソプロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸ブチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸プロピル、ぺンタフルオロプロピオン酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸メチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸エチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸プロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸ブチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸メチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸エチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸プロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸イソプロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸ブチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸メチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸エチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸プロピル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸イソプロピル、又はウンデカフルオロカプロン酸ブチルである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記強塩基が、金属アミドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、及びカリウム塩;C1~C20アルコキシドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、カリウム塩、セシウム塩、及びバリウム塩;水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム、水素化リチウム、ブチルリチウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸リチウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸セシウム、リン酸リチウム、ジアザビシクロウンデセン(DBU)、ジアザビシクロノネン(DBN)、及び1,1,3,3-テトラメチルグアニジン(TMG);並びにこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項2又は3に記載の方法。
- 前記強塩基が、カリウムtert-ブトキシド、ナトリウムtert-ブトキシド、リチウムtert-ブトキシド、又はLHMDS(リチウムヘキサメチルジシラジド)である、請求項2又は3に記載の方法。
- 前記工程I-2の反応が、C1~C10アルコール溶媒単独又はC1~C10アルコール溶媒とアミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒、若しくはニトリル系溶媒との混合溶媒中で行われる、請求項2~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程I-3において、前記式A-12で示される化合物を、フルオラスアルコール及び水の混合溶媒中で、DDQ(2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-p-ベンゾキノン)と反応させて、前記式A-12で示される化合物中の2-ナフチルメチル基を脱離させることにより、前記式A-13で示されるオリゴ糖を生成することを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記フルオラスアルコールが、ヘキサフルオロ-2-プロパノール(HFIP)、2,2,2-トリフルオロエタノール(TFE)、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロ-1-ペンタノール、ノナフルオロ-tert-ブチルアルコール及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記工程I-3の反応が、-35℃~70℃で行われる、請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 前記工程I-3の反応が、-30℃~-10℃で行われる、請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 前記工程I-1において、前記式A-4で示される化合物と前記式A-3で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式A-5で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式A-5で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式A-5で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式A-5で示される化合物を精製することを含む、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程I-2において、前記式A-7で示される化合物と前記式A-8で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式A-9で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式A-9で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いでろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式A-9で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式A-9で示される化合物を精製することを含む、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程1-3において、前記式A-10で示される化合物と前記式A-11で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式A-12で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式A-12で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式A-12で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式A-12で示される化合物を精製することを含む、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式A-5で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式A-9で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式A-12で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性担体が、逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂である、請求項11~16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂が、ポリ(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン)ポリマーゲル樹脂、ポリスチレン-ジビニルベンゼン樹脂、ポリヒドロキシメタクリレート樹脂、スチレンビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリメタクリレート樹脂、化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、(1)シリカゲルに、シランカップリング剤を反応させて得られる樹脂、(2)シリカゲルに、ジメチルオクタデシル、オクタデシル、トリメチルオクタデシル、ジメチルオクチル、オクチル、ブチル、エチル、メチル、フェニル、シアノプロピル、又はアミノプロピル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、(3)シリカゲルに、ドコシル又はトリアコンチル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、及び(4)前述の(1)~(3)の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、オクタデシル基結合シリカゲル樹脂(ODS樹脂)である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性有機溶媒が、水溶性アルコール系溶媒、水溶性ニトリル系溶媒、水溶性エーテル系溶媒、水溶性ケトン系溶媒、水溶性アミド系溶媒、又は水溶性スルホキシド系溶媒、もしくは前述の水溶性有機溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、請求項11~20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性ニトリル系溶媒が、アセトニトリルである、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性担体から目的物の溶出工程で使用される前記有機溶媒が、ニトリル系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、又は前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、請求項11~22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記式A-11で示される化合物が、
(工程Y-1)以下の式B-1:
(工程Y-2)前記式B-4で示される化合物及びハロゲン化ベンジル又はスルホン酸ベンジルを含む溶媒に、リチウムtert-ブトキシド又はリチウムtert-アモキシドを添加して、前記式B-4で示される化合物中に存在する水酸基をベンジル基で保護することにより、以下の式B-5:
を含む工程により製造される、請求項1~23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記式B-4で示される化合物及びハロゲン化ベンジル又はスルホン酸ベンジルを含む溶媒が、アミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、又は炭化水素系溶媒、ウレア系溶媒、もしくは前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記式A-13で示される化合物が、前記式A-13で示される化合物中のフタルイミド基を開環し、次いで、(R)-(+)-1-(1-ナフチル)エチルアミンと塩を形成することにより、結晶性の以下の式A-14で示される化合物:
- 以下の式D-13
(工程II-1)以下の式A-13:
(工程II-2)前記式D-2で示される化合物を、以下の式D-3:
(工程II-3)前記式D-6で示される化合物を、以下の式D-7:
(工程II-4)前記式D-11で示される化合物を、以下の式D-12:
- 前記工程II-1において、前記式D-1で示される化合物を、パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルの存在下で、強塩基と反応させることにより、前記式D-2で示される化合物を生成することを含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルが、トリフルオロ酢酸メチル、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル、トリフルオロ酢酸プロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソプロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸ブチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸プロピル、ぺンタフルオロプロピオン酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸メチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸エチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸プロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸ブチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸メチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸エチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸プロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸イソプロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸ブチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸メチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸エチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸プロピル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸イソプロピル、又はウンデカフルオロカプロン酸ブチルである、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記強塩基が、金属アミドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、及びカリウム塩;C1~C20アルコキシドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、カリウム塩、セシウム塩、及びバリウム塩;水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム、水素化リチウム、ブチルリチウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸リチウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸セシウム、リン酸リチウム、ジアザビシクロウンデセン(DBU)、ジアザビシクロノネン(DBN)、及び1,1,3,3-テトラメチルグアニジン(TMG);並びにこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項29又は30に記載の方法。
- 前記強塩基が、カリウムtert-ブトキシド、ナトリウムtert-ブトキシド、リチウムtert-ブトキシド、又はLHMDS(リチウムヘキサメチルジシラジド)である、請求項29又は30に記載の方法。
- 前記式D-1で示される化合物を、トリフルオロ酢酸エステルの存在下で、強塩基と反応させることにより、前記式D-2で示される化合物を生成する工程が、C1~C10アルコール溶媒単独又はC1~C10アルコール溶媒とアミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒、若しくはニトリル系溶媒との混合溶媒中で行われる、請求項29~32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程II-3において、前記式D-5で示される化合物中のアミノ基を、アリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基で保護することによって前記式D-6で示される化合物を生成する、請求項28~33のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程II-3において、前記式D-5で示される化合物から前記式D-6で示される化合物を生成する工程が、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、又はリン酸水素二カリウムの水溶液中で行われる、請求項28~34のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 精製後の前記式D-12で示される化合物が、HPLCで測定した際に95%以上の純度を有する、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記純度が、98%以上である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記工程II-1において、前記式A-13で示される化合物と前記式A-3で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式D-1で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式D-1で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式D-1で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式D-1で示される化合物を精製することを含む、請求項28~38のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程II-2において、前記式D-3で示される化合物と前記式D-4で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式D-5で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式D-5で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式D-5で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式D-5で示される化合物を精製することを含む、請求項28~39のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程II-3において、前記式D-6で示される化合物と前記式D-7で示される化合物との反応を停止させた後、生成した前記式D-8で示される化合物及び夾雑物を含む水溶性有機溶媒に、疎水性担体及び水を添加して、該疎水性担体中に前記式D-8で示される化合物を吸着させ、次いで、ろ過及び該疎水性担体を前記水溶性有機溶媒と前記水との混合溶液で洗浄することで、前記夾雑物の除去を行い、次いで、有機溶媒を用いて前記式D-8で示される化合物を前記疎水性担体から溶出させることにより、前記式D-8で示される化合物を精製することを含む、請求項28~40のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式D-1で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式D-5で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式D-8で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式C-10で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性担体が、逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂である、請求項39~46のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂が、ポリ(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン)ポリマーゲル樹脂、ポリスチレン-ジビニルベンゼン樹脂、ポリヒドロキシメタクリレート樹脂、スチレンビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリメタクリレート樹脂、化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項47に記載の方法。
- 前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、(1)シリカゲルに、シランカップリング剤を反応させて得られる樹脂、(2)シリカゲルに、ジメチルオクタデシル、オクタデシル、トリメチルオクタデシル、ジメチルオクチル、オクチル、ブチル、エチル、メチル、フェニル、シアノプロピル、又はアミノプロピル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、(3)シリカゲルに、ドコシル又はトリアコンチル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、及び(4)前述の(1)~(3)の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項48に記載の方法。
- 前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、オクタデシル基結合シリカゲル樹脂(ODS樹脂)である、請求項48に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性有機溶媒が、水溶性アルコール系溶媒、水溶性ニトリル系溶媒、水溶性エーテル系溶媒、水溶性ケトン系溶媒、水溶性アミド系溶媒、又は水溶性スルホキシド系溶媒、もしくは前述の水溶性有機溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、請求項39~50のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性ニトリル系溶媒が、アセトニトリルである、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性担体から目的物の溶出工程で使用される前記有機溶媒が、ニトリル系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、又は前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、請求項39~52のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒が、アミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、ウレア系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒、もしくは前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記パーフルオロカルボン酸のアルキルエステルが、トリフルオロ酢酸メチル、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル、トリフルオロ酢酸プロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソプロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸ブチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸プロピル、ぺンタフルオロプロピオン酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸メチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸エチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸プロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸イソプロピル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸ブチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸メチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸エチル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸プロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸イソプロピル、ノナフルオロ吉草酸ブチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸メチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸エチル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸プロピル、ウンデカフルオロカプロン酸イソプロピル、又はウンデカフルオロカプロン酸ブチルである、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 前記強塩基が、金属アミドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、カリウム塩;C1~C20アルコキシドのナトリウム塩、リチウム塩、カリウム塩、セシウム塩、及びバリウム塩;水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム、水素化リチウム、ブチルリチウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸リチウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸セシウム、リン酸リチウム、ジアザビシクロウンデセン(DBU)、ジアザビシクロノネン(DBN)、及び1,1,3,3-テトラメチルグアニジン(TMG);並びに、これらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項57又は58に記載の方法。
- 前記強塩基が、カリウムtert-ブトキシド、ナトリウムtert-ブトキシド、リチウムtert-ブトキシド、又はLHMDS(リチウムヘキサメチルジシラジド)である、請求項57又は58に記載の方法。
- 前記反応が、C1~C10アルコール溶媒単独又はC1~C10アルコール溶媒とアミド系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒、若しくはニトリル系溶媒との混合溶媒中で行われる、請求項57~60のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記フルオラスアルコールが、ヘキサフルオロ-2-プロパノール(HFIP)、2,2,2-トリフルオロエタノール(TFE)、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロ-1-ペンタノール、ノナフルオロ-tert-ブチルアルコール及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項62に記載の方法。
- -35℃~70℃で行われる、請求項62又は63に記載の方法。
- -30℃~-10℃で行われる、請求項62又は63に記載の方法。
- 下記の式D-8:
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式D-1で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項69に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記D-5で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項70に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記D-8で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項71に記載の方法。
- 前記夾雑物が、前記式D-10で示される化合物以外の糖化合物、及び/又は前記精製される化合物を得るための反応試薬由来の化合物を含む、請求項72に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性担体が、逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂である、請求項69~76のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記逆相分配クロマトグラフィー充填用樹脂が、ポリ(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン)ポリマーゲル樹脂、ポリスチレン-ジビニルベンゼン樹脂、ポリヒドロキシメタクリレート樹脂、スチレンビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリメタクリレート樹脂、化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項77に記載の方法。
- 前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、(1)シリカゲルに、シランカップリング剤を反応させて得られる樹脂、(2)シリカゲルに、ジメチルオクタデシル、オクタデシル、トリメチルオクタデシル、ジメチルオクチル、オクチル、ブチル、エチル、メチル、フェニル、シアノプロピル、又はアミノプロピル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、(3)シリカゲルに、ドコシル又はトリアコンチル基を化学結合して得られる樹脂、及び(4)前述の(1)~(3)の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 前記化学結合型シリカゲル樹脂が、オクタデシル基結合シリカゲル樹脂(ODS樹脂)である、請求項79に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性有機溶媒が、水溶性アルコール系溶媒、水溶性ニトリル系溶媒、水溶性エーテル系溶媒、水溶性ケトン系溶媒、水溶性アミド系溶媒、水溶性スルホキシド系溶媒、又は前述の水溶性有機溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、請求項69~80のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性ニトリル系溶媒が、アセトニトリルである、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性担体から目的物の溶出工程で使用される前記有機溶媒が、ニトリル系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒、ハロゲン系溶媒、芳香族系溶媒、又は前述の溶媒系を少なくとも1種以上含む混合溶媒である、請求項69~82のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 以下の式D-8:
- R5が、アリールオキシカルボニル(COOAr)基である、請求項84に記載の方法。
- 前記純度が、95%以上である、請求項109に記載の化合物。
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