WO2023053180A1 - 移動体の制御装置および制御方法 - Google Patents
移動体の制御装置および制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023053180A1 WO2023053180A1 PCT/JP2021/035578 JP2021035578W WO2023053180A1 WO 2023053180 A1 WO2023053180 A1 WO 2023053180A1 JP 2021035578 W JP2021035578 W JP 2021035578W WO 2023053180 A1 WO2023053180 A1 WO 2023053180A1
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- Prior art keywords
- control device
- cargo handling
- moving body
- handling implement
- transport robot
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 106
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 44
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/20—Control system inputs
- G05D1/24—Arrangements for determining position or orientation
- G05D1/243—Means capturing signals occurring naturally from the environment, e.g. ambient optical, acoustic, gravitational or magnetic signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/20—Control system inputs
- G05D1/24—Arrangements for determining position or orientation
- G05D1/244—Arrangements for determining position or orientation using passive navigation aids external to the vehicle, e.g. markers, reflectors or magnetic means
- G05D1/2446—Arrangements for determining position or orientation using passive navigation aids external to the vehicle, e.g. markers, reflectors or magnetic means the passive navigation aids having encoded information, e.g. QR codes or ground control points
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/60—Intended control result
- G05D1/656—Interaction with payloads or external entities
- G05D1/667—Delivering or retrieving payloads
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/60—Intended control result
- G05D1/69—Coordinated control of the position or course of two or more vehicles
- G05D1/698—Control allocation
- G05D1/6987—Control allocation by centralised control off-board any of the vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
- B65G1/02—Storage devices
- B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
- B65G1/137—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2207/00—Indexing codes relating to constructional details, configuration and additional features of a handling device, e.g. Conveyors
- B65G2207/34—Omni-directional rolls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
- B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2105/00—Specific applications of the controlled vehicles
- G05D2105/20—Specific applications of the controlled vehicles for transportation
- G05D2105/28—Specific applications of the controlled vehicles for transportation of freight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2107/00—Specific environments of the controlled vehicles
- G05D2107/70—Industrial sites, e.g. warehouses or factories
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2107/00—Specific environments of the controlled vehicles
- G05D2107/95—Interior or surroundings of another vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2109/00—Types of controlled vehicles
- G05D2109/10—Land vehicles
- G05D2109/18—Holonomic vehicles, e.g. with omni wheels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2111/00—Details of signals used for control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles
- G05D2111/10—Optical signals
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a control device and a control method of a moving body that can recognize and support cargo handling equipment on which cargo is placed, and move while estimating its own position.
- a loading system in which goods are loaded onto a truck by means of a plurality of work trolleys each having a motor powered via a trolley wire and traveling on rails arranged along the bed of the truck (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- this loading system at least the initial loading position of the leading work vehicle is notified to the subsequent work vehicles, and each work vehicle is notified of the number of the work vehicle from the top.
- each work vehicle stores the initial loading position of the work vehicle, and derives the loading position from the second time onward based on the initial loading position.
- the conventional loading system described above is dedicated equipment for loading onto trucks, and requires the laying of rails and trolley wires for power supply.
- cargo handling equipment such as pallets and trolleys using autonomous mobile bodies such as AMRs (Autonomous Mobile Robots)
- AMRs Autonomous Mobile Robots
- laying of rails and trolley wires becomes unnecessary.
- a certain amount of space is secured between adjacent cargo handling equipment in order to suppress interference between the cargo handling equipment.
- the target position of the carriage must be set as described above, and it becomes impossible to arrange the cargo handling equipment at the arrangement place without gaps.
- the main purpose of the present disclosure is to align and arrange a plurality of cargo handling implements at an arrangement location so that the gap is as small as possible by using a mobile body that can move while estimating its own position.
- a control device for a mobile body is a control device for a mobile body that can recognize and support cargo handling equipment on which cargo is placed and move while estimating its own position.
- the position of the previous cargo handling equipment placed prior to the arrangement location is acquired, and the next position is determined based on the acquired position of the previous cargo handling equipment. It controls the moving body so as to place the cargo handling equipment.
- a control device for a mobile body is a mobile body that can move while estimating its own position. to get the position of the cargo handling equipment. Further, the control device controls the moving body to place the next cargo handling implement at the position determined based on the acquired position of the previous cargo handling implement. As a result, even if there is an error in estimating the self-position of the mobile body, the next cargo handling implement can be placed at the placement location while minimizing the gap from the preceding cargo handling implement. As a result, according to the control device of the present disclosure, it is possible to align and arrange a plurality of cargo handling implements at the arrangement location so that the gap between them is as small as possible.
- a control method for a mobile body is a method for controlling a mobile body that can recognize and support cargo handling equipment on which cargo is placed and move while estimating its own position, wherein a plurality of cargo handling equipment are attached to the mobile body.
- the position of the previous cargo handling equipment placed prior to the arrangement location is acquired, and the next position is determined based on the acquired position of the previous cargo handling equipment. It controls the moving body so as to place the cargo handling equipment.
- the next cargo handling equipment can be placed at the placement location while minimizing the gap with the previous cargo handling equipment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a distribution center to which mobile bodies including the control device of the present disclosure are applied;
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a physical distribution management system of the distribution center of FIG. 1;
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a truck used in the distribution center of FIG. 1;
- 1 is a perspective view showing a moving object including a control device of the present disclosure;
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the mobile body control device of the present disclosure;
- 4 is a flow chart for explaining a procedure for causing a moving body including the control device of the present disclosure to place a trolley as a cargo handling tool in a storage location;
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining another procedure for causing a moving body including the control device of the present disclosure to place a truck as a cargo handling tool in a storage location;
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining another procedure for causing a moving body including the control device of the present disclosure to place a truck as a cargo handling tool in a storage location;
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining another procedure for causing a moving body including the control device of the present disclosure to place a truck as a cargo handling tool in a storage location;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a distribution center 1 to which a carrier robot (AMR: Autonomous Mobile Robot) 50 as an autonomously mobile body including the control device of the present disclosure is applied, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a physical distribution management system 10 of No. 1.
- FIG. A distribution center 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a facility for storing, transporting, handling, packaging, and distributing goods (products).
- the distribution center 1 includes an entrance 2 for delivery vehicles T such as trucks, and a plurality of shipping gates 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, A shipping area 3 having 3i, 3j, 3k, and 3l (hereinafter, the shipping gates are collectively referred to as "shipping gates 3x"), and a large number of packaged packages P are transported from a warehouse (not shown) to the shipping area 3. It includes a conveying conveyor 4 and a plurality of carriages 5 . In the distribution center 1 , the packages P are conveyed to the shipping area 3 by the conveyor 4 and transferred to the trolley 5 .
- the trolley 5 as a material handling device carrying the load P is transported by the transport robot 50 to the corresponding shipping gate 3x. Then, the trolley 5 carrying the cargo P is loaded onto the corresponding delivery vehicle T at the shipping gate 3x, and transported by the delivery vehicle T to the shipping destination.
- the entrance management device 25 is a computer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a storage device, a communication module, etc., and acquires the ID of the delivery vehicle T that has arrived at the entrance 2 based on the imaging data (image data) of the entrance camera 20. . That is, the entrance camera 20 and the entrance management device 25 function as an ID acquisition device for the entrance 2 .
- the ID of the delivery vehicle T is, for example, a number assigned in advance to the delivery vehicle T by the distribution center 1, and the ID is indicated on the delivery vehicle T so that it can be recognized from the entrance camera 20. No markers are affixed.
- the ID of the delivery vehicle T may be the vehicle registration number of the delivery vehicle T, or may be the number of an in-vehicle device such as an ETC acquired via a communication device (not shown).
- the entrance control device 25 causes the monitor 21 to display information to be provided to the driver.
- each shipping gate 3a-3l is provided with a camera 30 for imaging the delivery vehicle T that has arrived at the shipping gate 3a-3l, and a truck detector 31 capable of imaging the truck 5 that passes when the delivery vehicle T is loaded.
- the shipping gate management device 35 is a computer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a storage device, a communication module, etc., and based on the image data (image data) of the camera 30, the delivery arrived at the shipping gates 3a, 3b, . . . or 3l. Get the ID of the car T. That is, the camera 30 and the shipping gate management device 35 function as a delivery vehicle ID acquisition device for each of the shipping gates 3a-3l.
- the shipping gate management device 35 acquires the ID of the truck 5 loaded onto the delivery vehicle T based on the imaging data (image data) of the truck detector 31 . That is, the truck detector 31 and the shipping gate management device 35 function as a truck ID acquisition device for each of the shipping gates 3a-3l.
- Conveyor 4 comprises a main transport line 40 and a plurality of shipping lines 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4f, 4f, 4b, 4b, 4f, 4f, 4b, 4c, 4f, 4f, 4b, 4c, 4f, 4f, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4c, 4d, 4d, 4c,
- the conveyor 4 is controlled by a conveyor control device 14 (see FIG. 2), which is a computer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, storage device, communication module, and the like.
- a package P handled in the distribution center 1 is affixed with a bar code sticker indicating its ID. That is, the conveyor control device 14 acquires the ID of the package P on the main transfer line 40 via a barcode reader (not shown), and based on the acquired ID, the package P conveyed to the shipping area 3 by the main transfer line 40. to the corresponding shipping line 4x.
- the trolley 5 is a so-called basket trolley as shown in FIG. 3, and includes markers 5m as recognition targets such as AR markers, QR codes (registered trademark), and bar codes that indicate the ID of the trolley 5.
- the marker 5m is provided at least one location (two locations in the example of FIG. 3) on the carriage 5 so that it can be recognized by the transport robot 50 and the carriage detector 31.
- FIG. Further, in the distribution center 1, as shown in FIG. Unused trucks 5 are arranged in line at the storage location 6, and the trucks 5 to be used are identified by the transport robot 50 and transported from the storage location 6 to a designated location. Furthermore, on the floor, pillars, etc. of the shipping area 3 in the building of the distribution center 1, there are a plurality of markers 3m as recognition objects such as AR markers and QR codes (registered trademark) for autonomously traveling the transport robots 50. affixed.
- the physical distribution management system 10 includes a management server 11 as a management device and a storage device 12.
- the management server 11 is a computer having a CPU, ROM, RAM, communication modules, and the like.
- the management server 11 acquires various kinds of information from the entrance management device 25 and the shipping gate management devices 35 of the respective shipping gates 3a to 3l, and also receives information and command signals requested from the entrance management device 25 and the respective shipping gate management devices 35. to send. Furthermore, the management server 11 transmits information necessary for sorting the packages P, such as the ID of the packages P, to the conveyor control device 14 and exchanges information with the AMR management device 15 .
- the AMR management device 15 is a computer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a storage device, a communication module, etc., and manages the plurality of transfer robots 50 by exchanging information with the plurality of transfer robots 50 via wireless communication. is.
- the storage device 12 of the physical distribution management system 10 stores a delivery database in which information related to the delivery of the package P is stored for each of a plurality of delivery vehicles T to which IDs have been assigned from the distribution center 1.
- the delivery database contains the ID of the delivery vehicle T, the ID of the package P loaded on the delivery vehicle T, the destination of the package P, and the shipping gate 3x (hereinafter referred to as It is appropriately referred to as "loading gate 3z".) ID is linked (associated) and stored.
- the storage device 12 includes the movable area and prohibited area for the transport robot 50 in the shipping area 3 (distribution center 1), identification sign information for each area, position information for the marker 3m, time zone during which movement is prohibited, and the like. Store area information.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the transport robot 50
- FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of the transport robot 50.
- the transport robot 50 includes a plurality (four) of mecanum wheels 51, a plurality of (four) electric motors 52 that rotationally drive the corresponding mecanum wheels 51, and a carriage. It includes an elevating unit 53 for elevating the carriage 5 and is configured to be movable back and forth below the carriage 5 .
- Each mecanum wheel 51 has a pair of support plates 51p and a plurality of wheels rotatable around an axis tilted at 45° with respect to the axle while being supported by the pair of support plates 51p so as to be arranged in a ring. and a roller 51r.
- the elevating unit 53 includes a support member that supports the carriage 5 and lifts the support member with respect to the main body of the transport robot 50 so that each wheel of the carriage 5 is separated from the traveling road surface and grounded on the traveling road surface. and a drive that causes the
- the transport robot 50 includes a camera 54 as an imaging device, a control device 55, a communication module 56 used for communication (wireless communication) with the AMR management device 15 and other transport robots 50, and a storage device 57.
- the camera 54 captures an image of the surroundings of the transport robot 50 and transmits image data (image data) to the control device 55 .
- the control device 55 is a computer including a CPU, ROM, RAM and the like.
- an arithmetic processing unit 55G, a travel control unit 55D and an elevation control unit 55L are constructed by cooperation of hardware such as a CPU, ROM, and RAM and various pre-installed programs. be done.
- the arithmetic processing unit 55G of the control device 55 utilizes VSLAM technology (self-localization technology), and while the transport robot 50 is running, at predetermined time intervals (minute time intervals), based on the imaging data of the camera 54, the relevant The self-position (three-dimensional coordinates) of the transport robot 50 in the shipping area 3 (distribution center 1 ) and the environment map are acquired and stored in the storage device 57 . Further, the arithmetic processing unit 55G recognizes (identifies) the marker 3m of the shipping area 3 and the marker 5m of the truck 5 (ID of the truck 5) from the imaging data of the camera 54, and also recognizes (identifies) the object itself such as the truck 5. identification).
- VSLAM technology self-localization technology
- the arithmetic processing unit 55G recognizes the marker 3m arranged in the shipping area 3 while the transport robot 50 is running, and corrects the estimated self-position and the environment map based on the previously known position of the marker 3m. do. Further, the arithmetic processing unit 55G can adjust the sensitivity of the camera 54 (gain of the imaging device) and the exposure time (shutter speed). Furthermore, the arithmetic processing unit 55G determines the imaging conditions of the camera 54 when the recognition targets such as the markers 3m and 5m can be normally recognized from the imaging data of the camera 54, that is, the sensitivity and the exposure time of the location (ID) of the marker 3m and the like. , the marker 3m, etc. are stored in the storage device 57 in association with the time period when the marker 3m or the like was imaged.
- the traveling control unit 55D of the control device 55 controls the plurality of electric motors 52 based on the self-position (current position) and the environment map obtained by the arithmetic processing unit 55G. Further, the elevation control section 55L controls the elevation unit 53 so as to raise or lower the carriage 5 when the transport robot 50 is positioned below the carriage 5 in question.
- the arithmetic processing unit 55G of the control device 55 may be configured to acquire the self-position and the environment map by SLAM technology using 2D or 3D LiDAR (laser sensor) or the like, and based only on the position of the marker It may be configured to estimate its own position, or it may be configured to acquire its own position and an environment map by indoor positioning technology using beacons or the like.
- the transport robot 50 may include wheels other than Mecanum wheels, such as general wheels containing rubber tires and omni wheels (registered trademark).
- Carriages 5 that are not used in the shipping area 3 of the distribution center 1 are stored in a storage location 6 within the shipping area 3.
- the storage location 6 is It is required to arrange a plurality of trucks 5 in the storage place 6 as narrowly as possible without gaps.
- the control device 55 of the transfer robot 50 is specified by the AMR management device 15 according to the procedures shown in FIGS.
- the carrier robot 50 is controlled to store the cart 5 in the storage place 6 .
- the storage location 6 is divided into a plurality of layout sections in which one truck 5 is arranged, and at least the first truck 5 is stored in the storage location 6 when the truck 5 is not stored. is stored (hereinafter referred to as "initial placement section"), a marker (not shown) is provided so that it can be imaged by the camera 54 of the transport robot 50 .
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the procedure for storing a plurality of carts 5 in an empty storage location 6 by a single transport robot 50.
- the travel control unit 55D of the control device 55 of the single transport robot 50 moves up to the periphery of the carriage 5 to be the first storage object designated by the AMR management device 15 based on the self-position estimated by the arithmetic processing unit 55G.
- a plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled so that the transport robot 50 moves.
- the travel control unit 55D controls the electric motors 52 so that the transport robot 50 enters below the carriage 5.
- the elevation control section 55L of the control device 55 controls the elevation unit 53 so as to raise the carriage 5 .
- the first cart 5 is supported by the transport robot 50 (step S100).
- the travel control unit 55D of the control device 55 reads the information of the initial placement section in which the first truck 5 is to be placed, received from the AMR management device 15.
- the information of the initially placed section may be the coordinates of the initially placed section, the number (ID) of the placed section, or the like.
- the travel control unit 55D of the control device 55 determines the location around the initially placed section based on the information on the initially placed section from the AMR management device 15 and the self-position estimated by the arithmetic processing unit 55G.
- a plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled so that the transport robot 50 moves up to , and the arithmetic processing unit 55G recognizes the marker of the first placement section from the imaging data of the camera 54 (step S110).
- the travel control unit 55D determines the stop position of the transport robot 50 based on the position of the marker of the first placement section recognized by the arithmetic processing unit 55G, and sets a plurality of electric motors so that the transport robot 50 moves to the stop position.
- the motor 52 is controlled (step S120).
- the arithmetic processing unit 55G of the control device 55 acquires the coordinates of the stop position of the transport robot 50, and stores the coordinates in the storage device 57 as the coordinates of the previous arrangement section (step S120).
- the elevation control section 55L of the control device 55 controls the elevation unit 53 so as to lower the truck 5, and when the wheels of the truck 5 touch the ground, the travel control section 55D of the control device 55 causes the transport robot 50 to move to the truck 5.
- the plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled to exit from below (step S130). As a result, the first truck 5 is stored in the initial placement section.
- the traveling control unit 55D of the control device 55 determines whether or not the storage of the next truck 5 has been instructed by the AMR management device 15 (step S140).
- the travel control unit 55D determines that there is no instruction to store the next carriage 5 (step S140: NO)
- the travel control unit 55D controls the plurality of electric motors 52 so that the transport robot 50 moves to a predetermined standby position. (step S210), and the storage of the truck 5 in the storage place 6 is completed.
- the travel control unit 55D causes the transport robot 50 to move to the vicinity of the designated next carriage 5.
- a plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled as follows. Further, when the arithmetic processing unit 55G of the control device 55 recognizes the marker 5m of the next cart 5, the travel control unit 55D of the control device 55 controls the electric motors 52 so that the transport robot 50 enters below the cart 5. to control. Further, the elevation control section 55L of the control device 55 controls the elevation unit 53 so as to raise the carriage 5 . As a result, the next carriage 5 to be stored is supported by the transport robot 50 (step S150).
- step S150 the travel control unit 55D of the control device 55 sets the coordinates of the initial arrangement section in which the first carriage 5 is arranged, in other words, the coordinates of the previous arrangement section of the storage place 6 in which the previous carriage 5 is arranged. is read from the storage device 57 . Further, the travel control unit 55D sets the coordinates of the current placement section in which the next carriage 5 should be placed based on the coordinates of the previous placement section (initial placement section) (step S160).
- the travel control unit 55D of the control device 55 transports the vehicle to the periphery of the currently placed section based on the coordinates of the currently placed section where the next carriage 5 should be placed and the self-position estimated by the arithmetic processing section 55G.
- a plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled so that the robot 50 moves, and the arithmetic processing unit 55G recognizes the marker of the cart 5 stored in the previous placement section (initial placement section) from the imaging data of the camera 54 (step S170).
- the travel control unit 55D drives the plurality of electric motors 52 so that the transport robot 50 moves to the coordinates of the current placement section based on the position of the marker 5m of the carriage 5 of the previous placement section recognized by the arithmetic processing unit 55G. control (step S180).
- the arithmetic processing unit 55G of the control device 55 acquires the coordinates of the stop position of the transport robot 50, and stores the coordinates in the storage device 57 as the coordinates of the current arrangement section (step S180).
- the elevation control section 55L of the control device 55 controls the elevation unit 53 so as to lower the truck 5, and when the wheels of the truck 5 touch the ground, the travel control section 55D causes the transport robot 50 to leave from below the truck 5.
- the plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled so as to do so (step S190). As a result, the next (second) truck 5 is stored in the current placement section.
- step S200 the travel control unit 55D of the control device 55 determines whether or not the number of carts 5 specified by the AMR management device 15 has been stored in the storage location.
- step S200: NO the processing from step S150 described above is executed.
- step S150 the coordinates of the currently placed section stored in the most recent step S180 are read out as the coordinates of the previously placed section.
- step S200: YES the plurality of electric motors 52 are operated to move the transport robot 50 to a predetermined standby position. (step S210), and the storage of the trolley 5 in the storage place 6 is completed.
- FIG. 7 a procedure for storing a plurality of carts 5 in an empty storage location 6 by a plurality of transfer robots 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- FIG. 7 a procedure for storing a plurality of carts 5 in an empty storage location 6 by a plurality of transfer robots 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the control device 55 (travel control unit 55D) of the first transport robot 50 specified by the AMR management device 15 moves the transport robot 50 to the vicinity of the carriage 5 to be first stored, which is specified by the AMR management device 15.
- a plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled so that the Further, when the arithmetic processing unit 55G recognizes the marker 5m of the carriage 5, the control device 55 of the first transport robot 50 controls the plurality of electric motors 52 and the lifting unit 53 to move the transport robot 50 to the first carriage 5m. is supported (step S300). Also, in step S300, the control device 55 (running control unit 55D) of the first transport robot 50 reads the information received from the AMR management device 15 about the initial placement section in which the first carriage 5 should be placed.
- the control device 55 (travel control unit 55D) of the first transport robot 50 controls the plurality of electric motors 52 so that the transport robot 50 moves to the periphery of the initial placement section, and
- the control device 55 (arithmetic processing unit 55G) recognizes the marker of the first placement section from the imaging data of the camera 54 (step S310). Further, the control device 55 (running control unit 55D) of the first transport robot 50 determines the stop position of the transport robot 50 based on the position of the marker of the initial placement section recognized by the arithmetic processing unit 55G, and determines the stop position of the transport robot 50.
- a plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled so that the transport robot 50 moves to the position (step S320).
- the control device 55 acquires the coordinates of the stop position of the transport robot 50, and stores the coordinates in the storage device 57 as the coordinates of the previous placement section. (Step S320). Further, the control device 55 of the first transport robot 50 controls the lifting unit 53 so as to lower the carriage 5 , and after the wheels of the carriage 5 touch the ground, the transport robot 50 exits from below the carriage 5 . control the electric motor 52 (step S330). As a result, the first truck 5 is stored in the initial placement section.
- the control device 55 (travel control unit 55D) of the first transport robot 50 determines whether or not the AMR management device 15 instructs to store another carriage 5. Determine (step S340).
- the control device 55 determines that no further retraction of the carriage 5 has been instructed (step S340: NO)
- the control device 55 moves the transport robot 50 to a predetermined standby position. control the electric motor 52 (S345), and the storage of the truck 5 in the storage place 6 is completed.
- step S340 when the control device 55 (travel control unit 55D) of the first transport robot 50 determines that further storage of the carriage 5 is instructed (step S340: YES), the specified storage A plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled so that the transfer robot 50 moves to the vicinity of the target cart 5 (step S350). Further, in step S350, the control device 55 controls the plurality of electric motors 52 and the lifting units 53 to cause the carrier robot 50 to support the carriage 5, and temporarily causes the carrier robot 50 to wait there.
- control device 55 (travel control unit 55D) of the second transport robot 50 specified by the AMR management device 15 carries the transport to the vicinity of the next carriage 5 to be stored specified by the AMR management device 15.
- a plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled so that the robot 50 moves.
- the control device 55 of the second transport robot 50 controls the plurality of electric motors 52 and the lifting units 53 to transport the robot as shown in FIG.
- the robot 50 is made to support the next cart 5 (step S400).
- step S400 the control device 55 (travel control unit 55D) of the second transport robot 50 determines the last placement section in which the first carriage 5 is stored in the first transport robot 50, i.e., the first placement section. A transmission of coordinates is requested, and the coordinates of the previous placement section (initial placement section) are acquired from the first transport robot 50 . Further, the control device 55 (running control unit 55D) sets the coordinates of the current placement section in which the next carriage 5 should be stored based on the coordinates of the previous placement section (initial placement section) (step S410).
- control device 55 running control unit 55D of the second transport robot 50 controls the plurality of electric motors 52 so that the transport robot 50 moves to the periphery of the current placement section, and the second transport robot 50 is transported.
- the arithmetic processing unit 55G of the control device 55 of the robot 50 recognizes the marker of the cart 5 stored in the previous placement section (first placement section) from the imaging data of the camera 54 (step S420). Further, the control device 55 (running control unit 55D) controls the transfer robot 50 to move to the coordinates of the current arrangement section based on the position of the marker 5m of the carriage 5 of the previous arrangement section recognized by the arithmetic processing section 55G.
- a plurality of electric motors 52 are controlled (step S430).
- the arithmetic processing unit 55G of the control device 55 acquires the coordinates of the stop position of the transport robot 50, and stores the coordinates in the storage device 57 as the coordinates of the current arrangement section (step S430). Furthermore, the control device 55 of the second transport robot 50 controls the lifting unit 53 to lower the cart 5, and after the wheels of the cart 5 touch the ground, the transport robot 50 exits from below the cart 5. control the electric motor 52 (step S440). As a result, the next (second) truck 5 is stored in the current placement section.
- step S450 the control device 55 (travel control unit 55D) of the second transport robot 50 determines whether or not the AMR management device 15 has instructed to store the carriage 5 further (step S450). ).
- the control device 55 determines that no further retraction of the carriage 5 has been instructed (step S450: NO)
- step S450 NO
- the control device 55 moves the transport robot 50 to a predetermined standby position. control the electric motor 52 (S455), and the storage of the truck 5 in the storage place 6 is completed.
- step S450 determines that further storage of the carriage 5 has been instructed (step S450: YES)
- step S450 determines that further storage of the carriage 5 has been instructed
- step S460 the controller 55 controls the plurality of electric motors 52 and the lifting units 53 to cause the carrier robot 50 to support the carriage 5, and makes the carrier robot 50 temporarily stand by there.
- step S400 the processing of steps S400 to S460 in FIG. 8 is executed by the first transport robot 50 .
- the first transport robot 50 acquires the coordinates of the current placement section acquired by the second transport robot 50 in step S430 as the coordinates of the previous placement section.
- steps S400 to S460 the processing of steps S400 to S460 in FIG.
- the control device 55 of the transport robot 50 aligns a plurality of carts 5 (cargo handling equipment) in the storage place 6 for the transport robot 50, which is a moving body that can move while estimating its own position.
- the position of the previous carriage 5 placed in the storage place 6 ahead of time that is, the coordinates of the previous placement section are acquired (step S150 in FIG. 6, step S400 in FIG. 8).
- the control device 55 controls the transport robot 50 to place the next carriage 5 in the current placement section, which is the position determined based on the acquired coordinates of the previous placement section (position of the previous carriage 5) ( Steps S160-S190 in FIG. 6, Steps S410-S440 in FIG. 8).
- the control device 55 recognizes the marker 5m of the previous truck 5 and moves the transport robot 50 based on the position of the marker 5m of the previous truck 5. (step S180 in FIG. 6, step S430 in FIG. 8). As a result, the gap between the front truck 5 and the next truck 5 can be made smaller.
- control device 55 acquires the position of the previous truck 5, that is, the coordinates of the previously arranged section, and stores them in the storage device 57 (step S120 in FIG. 6), and also acquires the position of the next truck 5, that is, the coordinates of the currently arranged section. is acquired and stored in the storage device 57 (step S180 in FIG. 6).
- the position of the previous carriage 5, that is, the coordinates of the previous placement section is the same as the transportation location where the previous carriage 5 was placed in the storage location 6.
- the control device 55 of the transport robot 50 that transports the next carriage 5 obtained by the robot 50 (another moving body) controls the transport robot 50 that transported the previous carriage 5 (another moving object).
- the coordinates of the previously placed section are obtained from the control device 55 of the body (step S400 in FIG. 8).
- the position of the previous carriage 5, that is, the coordinates of the previous placement section does not necessarily need to be exchanged directly between the transport robots 50 as described above. Coordinates may be communicated indirectly. That is, in step S320 of FIG. 7, the coordinates of the previous placement section may be transmitted to the AMR management device 15 from the control device 55 of the transport robot 50 that transported the previous carriage 5, and in step S400 of FIG. The control device 55 of the transport robot 50 that transports the carriage 5 may acquire the coordinates of the previous arrangement section from the AMR management device 15 (other device).
- control device 55 of the transport robot 50 recognizes the marker attached to the initial placement section in which the first carriage 5 is to be placed when arranging the first carriage 5 in the storage location 6, and determines the position of the marker.
- the transport robot 50 is moved as a reference (step S120 in FIG. 6, step S320 in FIG. 7). This makes it possible to accurately place the first truck 5 in the initial placement section.
- control device 55 of the transport robot 50 controls the transport robot 50 based on the coordinates (predetermined absolute position) of the initial placement section of the storage location 6 so as to place the first carriage 5 in the initial placement section. may be
- the storage location of the cart 5 is not limited to that provided in the distribution center 1, and may be a storage location provided in a retail store such as a store, a shopping center, or a backyard of a retail store, for example. good.
- the carriage 5 may be arranged around a production line such as a component mounting line.
- the cargo handling equipment stored in the storage place (arrangement place) is not limited to the trolley 5, and may be a pallet without wheels.
- the transport robot 50 includes a plurality of mecanum wheels 51 that are rotationally driven by corresponding electric motors 52 . As a result, the transfer robot 50 can be moved smoothly in all directions with a higher degree of freedom of movement.
- the invention of the present disclosure can be used in the manufacturing industry of moving bodies that can recognize and support cargo handling equipment on which cargo is placed and move while estimating its own position.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 荷物を載せる荷役器具を認識して支持すると共に自己位置を推定しながら移動することができる移動体の制御装置において、
前記移動体に複数の前記荷役器具を配置場所に整列して配置させる際に、前記配置場所に先行して置かれた前の荷役器具の位置を取得すると共に、取得した前記前の荷役器具の位置に基づいて定めた位置に次の荷役器具を置くように前記移動体を制御する移動体の制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の移動体の制御装置において、
前記次の荷役器具を前記配置場所に配置する際に、前記前の荷役器具を認識すると共に前記前の荷役器具の位置を基準に前記移動体を移動させる移動体の制御装置。 - 請求項1または2に記載の移動体の制御装置において、
前記前の荷役器具の位置を取得して記憶装置に記憶させると共に、前記次の荷役器具の位置を取得して前記記憶装置に記憶させる移動体の制御装置。 - 請求項1または2に記載の移動体の制御装置において、
前記前の荷役器具の位置は、前記前の荷役器具を前記配置場所に置いた他の移動体により取得され、
前記前の荷役器具の位置を前記他の移動体から直接的または間接的に取得する移動体の制御装置。 - 請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の移動体の制御装置において、
前記配置場所に最初の荷役器具を配置する際に、前記最初の荷役器具を配置すべき位置に付されたマーカーを認識すると共に前記マーカーの位置を基準に前記移動体を移動させる移動体の制御装置。 - 請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の移動体の制御装置において、
前記配置場所の予め定められた位置に最初の荷役器具を配置するように前記移動体を制御する移動体の制御装置。 - 請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の移動体の制御装置において、
前記配置場所は、物流センター、店舗、小売店、小売店のバックヤード、あるいは生産ラインの周辺に設けられた前記荷役器具の保管場所である移動体の制御装置。 - 請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の移動体の制御装置において、前記荷役器具は、台車またはパレットである移動体の制御装置。
- 請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の移動体の制御装置において、
前記移動体は、それぞれ対応する電動モータにより回転駆動される複数のホイールを含み、全方向に移動可能である移動体の制御装置。 - 荷物を載せる荷役器具を認識して支持すると共に自己位置を推定しながら移動することができる移動体の制御方法において、
前記移動体に複数の前記荷役器具を配置場所に整列して配置させる際に、前記配置場所に先行して置かれた前の荷役器具の位置を取得すると共に、取得した前記前の荷役器具の位置に基づいて定めた位置に次の荷役器具を置くように前記移動体を制御する移動体の制御方法。
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PCT/JP2021/035578 WO2023053180A1 (ja) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | 移動体の制御装置および制御方法 |
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JPH09230933A (ja) * | 1996-02-27 | 1997-09-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 自動搬送装置 |
JP2000159313A (ja) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-13 | Amada Co Ltd | 材料自動搬送システム |
JP2001301987A (ja) | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | Murata Mach Ltd | 荷積みシステム |
WO2017090108A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 棚配置システム、搬送ロボット及び棚配置方法 |
JP2019169019A (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 前田建設工業株式会社 | 走行装置の走行制御システム |
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CN105593143B (zh) * | 2013-10-11 | 2018-02-23 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 搬运机器人系统及搬运装置 |
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JPH09230933A (ja) * | 1996-02-27 | 1997-09-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 自動搬送装置 |
JP2000159313A (ja) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-13 | Amada Co Ltd | 材料自動搬送システム |
JP2001301987A (ja) | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | Murata Mach Ltd | 荷積みシステム |
WO2017090108A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 棚配置システム、搬送ロボット及び棚配置方法 |
JP2019169019A (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 前田建設工業株式会社 | 走行装置の走行制御システム |
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