WO2023025278A1 - SARS-CoV-2N蛋白抗体及其应用 - Google Patents

SARS-CoV-2N蛋白抗体及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2023025278A1
WO2023025278A1 PCT/CN2022/115077 CN2022115077W WO2023025278A1 WO 2023025278 A1 WO2023025278 A1 WO 2023025278A1 CN 2022115077 W CN2022115077 W CN 2022115077W WO 2023025278 A1 WO2023025278 A1 WO 2023025278A1
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antibody
seq
protein
antibodies
amino acid
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PCT/CN2022/115077
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French (fr)
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李一荣
康雅虹
潘运宝
钱纯亘
汪大明
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深圳市亚辉龙生物科技股份有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/08—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses
    • C07K16/10—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
    • C07K2317/24—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin containing regions, domains or residues from different species, e.g. chimeric, humanized or veneered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
    • C07K2317/565—Complementarity determining region [CDR]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
    • C07K2317/92—Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of immunoassay, in particular, to a SARS-CoV-2N protein antibody and its application.
  • Coronaviruses are a group of highly diverse, enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that cause respiratory tract infections of varying severity in a variety of animals, Intestinal, hepatic and nervous system disorders, including humans. Coronaviruses are divided into four genera: alphacoronaviruses, betacoronaviruses (betaCoVs), gammacoronaviruses and deltacoronaviruses. In the past 12 years, two novel betacoronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), have emerged, which cause severe human disease.
  • SARS-CoV severe acute respiratory syndrome
  • MERS-CoV Middle East respiratory syndrome
  • SARS-CoV-2 is a new strain of coronavirus that has never been found in humans before. Its homology with acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) reaches more than 80%, wherein the homology of the structural protein Nucleocapsid protein between the two is 94.1%, and the homology of the Spike protein between the two is 84.1%.
  • Antigen detection refers to the direct detection of structural proteins on pathogens in samples by using SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies.
  • the detection results can directly show whether the body is infected with pathogens, and it has the advantages of simple operation and reporting time period.
  • the structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 include spike protein (Spike protein, transmembrane protein, homotrimeric structure, such as "corona” distributed on the surface of the virus, which is the core component that mediates virus infection of cells), nucleocapsid Protein (Nucleoprotein, which is the most abundantly expressed component among the structural proteins of the new coronavirus), envelope protein (Envelope Protein) and membrane protein (Membrane Protein).
  • the spike protein and the nucleocapsid protein are the two most commonly used antigen detection targets. Because the spike protein is related to the virus escape immune body, it is easy to mutate, while the nucleocapsid protein (N protein) is highly conserved, high in abundance, and has strong antigenicity, and its antigenic determinant is specific antibody binding the main site. Therefore, nucleocapsid protein (N protein) was chosen as the target of antigen detection.
  • the present application relates to antibodies capable of specifically binding to the SARS-CoV-2N protein, selected from a and/or b;
  • a and b are independently selected from mouse-derived antibodies, human-mouse chimeric antibodies and humanized antibodies.
  • the heavy chain variable region of a is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 13, and the light chain variable region is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 14;
  • the heavy chain variable region of b is shown in SEQ ID NO:15
  • the light chain variable region is shown in SEQ ID NO:16.
  • a and b have constant regions.
  • the constant region of a is IgG1 or IgM
  • the constant region of b is IgG1 or IgM
  • the present application also relates to a nucleic acid encoding an antibody as described above.
  • the present application also relates to a vector comprising a nucleic acid as described above.
  • the present application also relates to a host cell comprising a nucleic acid as described above or transformed with a vector as described above.
  • the present application also relates to a method for producing the above-mentioned antibody, comprising:
  • the antibodies so produced are recovered from the culture medium or from the cultured host cells.
  • the present application also relates to a solid phase carrier, the surface of which is coated with the above-mentioned antibody, and has a and b at the same time.
  • the present application also relates to a kit comprising the above-mentioned solid phase carrier.
  • it also includes a second antibody that specifically recognizes the SARS-CoV-2N protein and can be paired with a and b.
  • the second antibody is a polyclonal antibody.
  • the species origin of the second antibody is not human, and is also different from the species origins of a and b.
  • it further comprises a third antibody that specifically recognizes the Fc portion of the second antibody, and the third antibody is conjugated with a detectable signal substance.
  • the present application also relates to reagents, kits or test strips comprising the antibodies as described above.
  • Fig. 1 is the SDS-PAGE result figure of the novel coronavirus N protein antigen in one embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 2 is the SDS-PAGE result graph of the antibody prepared in one embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a vector map of pFUSE-CHIg-mG1 in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is the vector map of pFUSE2-CLIg-mk in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is the carrier map of pFUSE-CHIgM in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis diagram of the IgG1 chimeric antibody prepared in one embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 7 is an SDS-PAGE electrophoresis diagram of an IgM chimeric antibody in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the application relates to an antibody capable of specifically binding to the SARS-CoV-2N protein, selected from a and/or b;
  • the two antibodies provided by the present application have complementary epitopes, and the two can cooperate with each other to effectively improve sensitivity and detection rate; and can also improve specificity and reduce false positives.
  • CDR complementarity determining region
  • Kabat et al. Kabat et al.
  • CDR complementarity determining region
  • CDR and “CDRs” are used to refer to a or more or even all of the regions of the main amino acid residues that play a role in the binding affinity of the antibody and its recognized antigen or epitope.
  • the CDR region or CDR refers to the immunoglobulin defined by IMGT Hypervariable regions of heavy and light chains.
  • variable chain is understood herein to include a full-length heavy chain comprising a variable region (VH) with an amino acid sequence determining antigen specificity and having three constant domains (CH1, CH2 and CH3) or Constant regions of the four constant domains (CH1, CH2, CH3 and CH4), and fragments thereof.
  • light chain herein includes full-length light chains comprising a variable domain (VL) having an amino acid sequence determining antigen specificity and also a constant domain (CL), as well as fragments thereof.
  • VL variable domain
  • CL constant domain
  • the variable region is concatenated from FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4 in the following order.
  • the terms “specifically bind”, “selectively bind”, “selectively bind” and “specifically bind” refer to the binding of an antibody to a predetermined epitope on an antigen. Typically, the antibody binds with an affinity (KD) of about less than 10 "4M , 10 "5M , 10" 6M , 10 "7M , 10" 8M , 10 "9M , or 10" 10M or less. Targeting is usually specific binding.
  • Variants of antibodies are also within the scope of the present application, e.g., each having at least 70%, each with the amino acid or nucleotide sequence of each of the CDRs or FRs, or variable regions VL and/or VH, or the full length of the antibody described herein, Sequences that are 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or greater than 99% identical.
  • antibody variants include at least the six CDRs described above; in some cases, antibody variants include at least one heavy chain and one light chain, while in other cases, variant forms contain two identical light chains. chain and two identical heavy chains (or subparts thereof).
  • variants of antibodies are conservatively modified or conservatively substituted or substituted in the antibody sequences provided herein.
  • Constant modification or “conservative substitution or substitution” refers to the replacement of an amino acid in a protein with another amino acid having similar characteristics (e.g., charge, side chain size, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, backbone conformation and rigidity, etc.) such that frequent Changes are made without altering the biological activity of the protein.
  • Those skilled in the art are aware that, in general, single amino acid substitutions in non-essential regions of a polypeptide do not substantially alter biological activity (see, e.g., Watson et al. (1987) Molecular Biology of the Gene, The Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co., p.
  • a and b are independently selected from mouse-derived antibodies, human-mouse chimeric antibodies, and humanized antibodies.
  • chimeric antibody is an antibody formed by fusing the variable region of a murine antibody with the constant region of a human antibody, which can reduce the immune response induced by the murine antibody.
  • To establish a chimeric antibody it is necessary to first establish a hybridoma that secretes a mouse-derived specific monoclonal antibody, then clone the variable region gene from the mouse hybridoma cell, and then clone the constant region gene of the human antibody as required, and then clone the mouse variable region gene It is connected with the human constant region gene to form a chimeric gene and inserted into an expression vector, and finally expresses the chimeric antibody molecule in a eukaryotic system or a prokaryotic system.
  • humanized antibody also known as CDR-grafted antibody (CDR-grafted antibody) refers to the antibody variable region framework grafted with mouse CDR sequences to humans, that is, different types of human germline antibodies Antibodies generated in framework sequences. It can overcome the heterologous reaction induced by chimeric antibodies due to carrying a large amount of mouse protein components.
  • framework sequences can be obtained from public DNA databases or published references that include germline antibody gene sequences.
  • Germline DNA sequences such as human heavy and light chain variable region genes are available at the "VBase” human germline sequence database (www.mrccpe.com.ac.uk/vbase), and at Kabat, E.A.
  • the heavy chain variable region of a is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13, and the light chain variable region is shown in SEQ ID NO: 14.
  • the heavy chain variable region of b is shown in SEQ ID NO: 15, and the light chain variable region is shown in SEQ ID NO: 16.
  • a and b have constant regions.
  • the heavy chain constant regions of a and b are independently selected from constant regions of any one of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD.
  • the constant region of a is IgG1 or IgM
  • the constant region of b is IgG1 or IgM
  • the constant region of a is IgG1 and the constant region of b is IgM.
  • the constant region of a is IgM and the constant region of b is IgG1.
  • the constant region of a is IgM and the constant region of b is IgM.
  • the constant region of a is IgG1 and the constant region of b is IgG1.
  • the constant region of at least one of a and b is IgM.
  • the constant region of a is IgM
  • the constant region of b is IgG1.
  • IgM chimeric antibody As a capture antibody, the antigen binding site is increased and the reaction sensitivity is improved.
  • the species source of the constant region is bovine, horse, pig, sheep, rat, mouse, dog, cat, rabbit, camel, donkey, deer, mink, chicken, duck, goose or human , in some specific embodiments, the species origin of the constant region is human.
  • the antibody can also include a secretion signal sequence.
  • the secretory signal sequence refers to a sequence that induces the secretion of the expressed protein or peptide by linking to the N-terminus of the coding sequence located outside the cell membrane or outside the cell, and the signal sequence may be a peptide sequence consisting of about 18 to 30 amino acids . All proteins that can be transported to the outside of the cell membrane have different signal sequences that are cleaved by signal peptidases on the cell membrane. Typically, for a foreign protein that is not natively expressed by the host cell, a secretion signal sequence that enables secretion of the protein into the periplasm or culture medium, or a modified sequence, may be used.
  • the present application also relates to an isolated nucleic acid encoding a bispecific antibody as described above.
  • the nucleic acid is usually RNA or DNA, and the nucleic acid molecule can be single-stranded or double-stranded, but is preferably double-stranded DNA.
  • a nucleic acid is "operably linked" when it is placed into a functional relationship with another nucleic acid sequence.
  • a promoter or enhancer is operably linked to a coding sequence if the promoter or enhancer affects the transcription of the coding sequence.
  • DNA nucleic acid is preferably used when it is ligated into a vector.
  • nucleic acid molecules can be codon optimized for different host cells.
  • the present application also relates to a vector comprising a nucleic acid as described above.
  • vector refers to a nucleic acid delivery vehicle into which a polynucleotide can be inserted.
  • the vector is called an expression vector.
  • a vector can be introduced into a host cell by transformation, transduction or transfection, so that the genetic material elements it carries can be expressed in the host cell.
  • Vectors are well known to those skilled in the art, including but not limited to: plasmids; phagemids; cosmids; artificial chromosomes, such as yeast artificial chromosomes (YAC), bacterial artificial chromosomes (BAC) or P1-derived artificial chromosomes (PAC) ; Phage such as lambda phage or M13 phage and animal viruses.
  • artificial chromosomes such as yeast artificial chromosomes (YAC), bacterial artificial chromosomes (BAC) or P1-derived artificial chromosomes (PAC)
  • Phage such as lambda phage or M13 phage and animal viruses.
  • Animal viruses that can be used as vectors include, but are not limited to, retroviruses (including lentiviruses), adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, herpesviruses (such as herpes simplex virus), poxviruses, baculoviruses, papillomaviruses, papillomaviruses, papillomaviruses, Polyoma vacuolar virus (eg SV40).
  • the vectors described herein contain regulatory elements commonly used in genetic engineering, such as enhancers, promoters, internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) and other expression control elements (such as transcription termination signals, or multiple adenylation signal and poly U sequence, etc.).
  • the present application also provides a host cell comprising the above-mentioned nucleic acid or transformed with the above-mentioned vector.
  • Suitable host cells or cell lines for expressing the antigen binding proteins of the present application include: mammalian cells such as NSO, Sp2/0, CHO, COS, HEK, fibroblasts and myeloma cells. Human cells can be used, thus allowing molecules to be modified with human glycosylation patterns. Alternatively, other eukaryotic cell lines can be used. The selection of suitable mammalian host cells, as well as methods for transformation, culture, amplification, screening and product production and purification, are known in the art.
  • bacterial cells can be used as host cells.
  • E. coli strains used for expression are well-known host cells in the field of biotechnology.
  • Various strains of Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces, other Bacillus, etc. can also be used in this method.
  • Yeast cell strains known to those skilled in the art as well as insect cells, such as Drosophila and Lepidopteran insects and viral expression systems, can also be used as host cells, if desired.
  • the antibodies so produced are recovered from the culture medium or from the cultured host cells.
  • the present application also provides a solid phase carrier, the surface of which is coated with the above-mentioned antibody, and has a and b at the same time.
  • Exemplary solid supports include, but are not limited to, column matrix materials, culture plates, tubes (EP tubes), dishes, flasks, microtiter plates, multiwell plates, wells of microreaction plates, microspheres, heat-killed Forol Marlin-(or other chemically)-fixed prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells, microscope slides, film or any other optically transparent polymer, or a combination thereof.
  • the solid support can be composed in whole or in part of plastic, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, nitrocellulose, glass, fiberglass, latex, or combinations thereof.
  • solid support indicates that the support material is predominantly non-liquid solid, allowing precise and traceable positioning of nucleic acids on the support material.
  • Materials such as polystyrene, plastic, cellulose, polyacrylamide, polyethylene polypropylene, cross-linked dextran, glass, silicone rubber, and agarose gel can be selected as the solid phase support.
  • the form of solid phase support can be film, sheet, porous plate, microsphere and so on.
  • the preferred solid phase carrier is a microtiter plate. It contains 16, 32, 48, 64, 96 or more pores.
  • microsphere may be spherical, spheroidal, cubical, polyhedral or irregular in shape.
  • the diameter of the microspheres is preferably 10 nm to 1 mm, such as 100 nm, 500 nm, 1 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 500 ⁇ m; preferably 400 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the microspheres are preferably magnetic beads, which contain magnetic substances in their composition.
  • the present application also relates to a kit comprising a solid support as described above.
  • the kit further includes a second antibody that specifically recognizes the SARS-CoV-2N protein and can be paired with a and b.
  • Paired antibodies refer to two or more antibodies that bind to the same antigen.
  • the epitopes they directly bind to are different, and the spatial distance can ensure that the steric hindrance of each other is within an acceptable range and can specifically recognize And bind to the antigen, when one of the paired antibodies is a polyclonal antibody, at least part of the antibodies in the polyclonal antibody can specifically recognize and bind to the antigen.
  • the second antibody is a polyclonal antibody.
  • the species origin of the second antibody is non-human, and is also different from the species origin of a and b.
  • the kit further comprises a third antibody that specifically recognizes the Fc portion of the second antibody, and the third antibody is conjugated with a detectable signal substance.
  • the present application also relates to a reagent, kit or test strip comprising an antibody as described above.
  • the application also relates to a method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 virus, comprising:
  • SARS-CoV-2 antigens were detected using the peptides, kits or test strips as described above.
  • the test sample for the detection is selected from biological tissue or its lavage fluid, cells, body fluid, further selected from blood, serum, plasma, anticoagulated blood, cell culture supernatant, saliva, semen, Amniotic fluid, villi, tissue or tissue lysate, throat swab, nasal swab, conjunctival swab, stool specimen, feces, urine, bronchial lavage fluid, alveolar lavage fluid, sputum.
  • Embodiment 1 immunogen preparation
  • the full-length gene sequence of the novel coronavirus N protein was constructed into the vector pET28a, and after recombinant expression by BL21(DE3), it was prepared by affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography to obtain the immunogen.
  • amino acid sequence consists of the following:
  • mice Use the prepared full-length novel coronavirus N protein to immunize age-appropriate BalB/C mice, use each immunogen to detect mouse tail blood by ELISA, stop immunization until the titer reaches 104 , take out the mouse spleen, and mix with mice after treatment.
  • Myeloma cells Sp2/0 were fused, and positive hybridoma cell lines were screened by limiting dilution method.
  • the activity of the obtained mouse monoclonal antibody and the new crown N protein was verified.
  • the sensitivity of the reaction between a single antigen and the N protein was verified, and on the other hand, the sensitivity of the paired antibodies to the N protein was verified.
  • Antibody pairing 1 Antibody 1 (capture antibody) + Antibody 2-HRP; Antibody pairing 2: Antibody 1 (capture antibody) + Antibody 3-HRP; Antibody pairing 3: Antibody 2 (capture antibody) + Antibody 1-HRP; Antibody pairing 4: antibody 2 (capture antibody) + antibody 3-HRP; antibody pair 5: antibody 3 (capture antibody) + antibody 1-HRP; antibody pair 6: antibody 3 (capture antibody) + antibody 2-HRP.
  • Example 3 IgM and IgG subtype chimeric antibodies against novel coronavirus N protein obtained
  • N-Ab-G1, N-Ab-G2, N-Ab-M1, and N-Ab-M2 at a ratio of 1:1, and coat them on a microtiter plate at a concentration of 2ug/ml. After blocking with BSA, After reacting with different concentrations of N antigen, an appropriate concentration of HRP-labeled rabbit polyclonal antibody was added, and TMB was used for color development.

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Abstract

本申请涉及免疫检测技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种SARS-CoV-2 N蛋白抗体及其应用。

Description

SARS-CoV-2N蛋白抗体及其应用
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年8月26日申请的，申请号为2021109896838，名称为“SARS-CoV-2N蛋白抗体及其应用”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及免疫检测技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种SARS-CoV-2N蛋白抗体及其应用。
背景技术
冠状病毒(CoVs；冠状病毒科亚科，冠状病毒科，病毒目)是一组高度多样性，有包膜的，正义链，单链RNA病毒，在多种动物中引起不同严重程度的呼吸道，肠道，肝和神经系统疾病，包括人类。冠状病毒分为四个属：α冠状病毒，β冠状病毒(βCoV)，γ冠状病毒和δ冠状病毒。在过去的12年中，出现了两种新型的β-冠状病毒，即严重的急性呼吸道综合症(SARS-CoV)和中东呼吸道综合症(MERS-CoV)，这两种病毒会引起严重的人类疾病。
2019新型冠状病毒，被世界卫生组织命名为“2019-nCoV”，后被国际病毒分类委员会命名为“严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)”。SARS-CoV-2是以前从未在人体中发现的冠状病毒新毒株。其同源性与急性呼吸道综合症(SARS-CoV)达到80％以上，其中的两者的结构蛋白Nucleocapsid protein同源性为94.1％，两者的Spike protein同源性为84.1％。
抗原检测指的是应用SARS-CoV-2特异性抗体直接检测样本中的病原体上的结构蛋白，该检测结果可直接显示机体是否感染病原体，具有操作简便、报告时间段等优势。SARS-CoV-2结构蛋白有刺突蛋白(Spike protein,跨膜蛋白，同源三聚体结构，如“冠状”分布于病毒表面，是介导病毒感染细胞的核心组分)、核衣壳蛋白(Nucleoprotein，是新冠病毒结构蛋白中表达丰度最高的组分)、包膜蛋白(Envelope Protein)和膜蛋白(Membrane Protein)。其中刺突蛋白和核衣 壳蛋白是最常用的两种抗原检测靶标。由于刺突蛋白与病毒逃逸免疫机体相关，容易突变，而核衣壳蛋白(N蛋白)的保守性较强、丰度较高，具有较强的抗原性，其抗原决定簇是特异性抗体结合的主要位点。因此选择以核衣壳蛋白(N蛋白)作为抗原检测的靶点。
有鉴于此，特提出本申请。
发明内容
根据本申请的各实施例，本申请涉及抗体，其能够特异性结合SARS-CoV-2N蛋白，选自a和/或b；
a)包含氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:1～3所示的重链互补决定区H-CDR1、H-CDR2、H-CDR3，以及氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:4～6所示的轻链互补决定区L-CDR1、L-CDR2、L-CDR3；
b)包含氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:7～9所示的重链互补决定区H-CDR1、H-CDR2、H-CDR3，以及氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:10～12所示的轻链互补决定区L-CDR1、L-CDR2、L-CDR3。
在其中一个实施例中，a和b独立地选自小鼠来源抗体、人-小鼠嵌合抗体以及人源化抗体。
在其中一个实施例中，a的重链可变区如SEQ ID NO:13所示，轻链可变区如SEQ ID NO:14所示；
在其中一个实施例中，b的重链可变区如SEQ ID NO:15所示，轻链可变区如SEQ ID NO:16所示。
在其中一个实施例中，a和b具有恒定区。
在其中一个实施例中，a的恒定区为IgG1或IgM，b的恒定区为IgG1或IgM。
根据本申请的各实施例，本申请还涉及核酸，其编码如上所述的抗体。
根据本申请的各实施例，本申请还涉及载体，其包含如上所述的核酸。
根据本申请的各实施例，本申请还涉及宿主细胞，其包含如上所述的核酸或被如上所述的载体所转化。
根据本申请的各实施例，本申请还涉生产如上所述的抗体的方法，包括：
在合适的培养条件下培养如上所述的宿主细胞；以及
从培养基中或从所培养的宿主细胞中回收如此产生的抗体。
根据本申请的各实施例，本申请还涉及固相载体，其表面包被有如上所述的抗体，且同时具有a和b。
根据本申请的各实施例，本申请还涉及试剂盒，其包含如上所述的固相载体。
在其中一个实施例中，其还包含特异性识别SARS-CoV-2N蛋白、且能够与a和b配对使用的第二抗体。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二抗体为多克隆抗体。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二抗体的种属来源非人，且与a和b的种属来源也不同。
在其中一个实施例中，其还包含特异性识别所述第二抗体Fc段的第三抗体，所述第三抗体缀合有可检测的信号物质。
根据本申请的各实施例，本申请还涉及试剂、试剂盒或试纸条，其包含如上所述的抗体。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其他特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书中变得明显。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一个实施例中新型冠状病毒N蛋白抗原的SDS-PAGE结果图；
图2为本申请一个实施例中所制备的抗体的SDS-PAGE结果图；
图3为本申请一个实施例中pFUSE-CHIg-mG1的载体图谱；
图4为本申请一个实施例中pFUSE2-CLIg-mk的载体图谱；
图5为本申请一个实施例中pFUSE-CHIgM的载体图谱；
图6为本申请一个实施例中制备的IgG1嵌合抗体SDS-PAGE电泳图；
图7为本申请一个实施例中IgM嵌合抗体SDS-PAGE电泳图。
具体实施方式
现将详细地提供本申请实施方式的参考，其一个或多个实例描述于下文。提供每一实例作为解释而非限制本申请。实际上，对本领域技术人员而言，显而易见的是，可以对本申请进行多种修改和变化而不背离本申请的范围或精神。例如，作为一个实施方式的部分而说明或描述的特征可以用于另一实施方式中，来产生更进一步的实施方式。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请涉及一种抗体，其能够特异性结合SARS-CoV-2N蛋白，选自a和/或b；
a)包含氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:1～3所示的重链互补决定区H-CDR1、H-CDR2、H-CDR3，以及氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:4～6所示的轻链互补决定区L-CDR1、L-CDR2、L-CDR3；
b)包含氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:7～9所示的重链互补决定区H-CDR1、H-CDR2、H-CDR3，以及氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:10～12所示的轻链互补决定区L-CDR1、L-CDR2、L-CDR3。
本申请所提供的两个抗体具有互补的表位，二者能够互相配合，有效提供改善灵敏度，提高检出率；又可以提高特异性，降低假阳性。
术语“互补性决定区”或“CDR”是指免疫球蛋白的重链和轻链的高度可变区，如Kabat等人所定义(Kabat等人，Sequences of proteins of immunological interest,5th Ed"US Department of Health and Human Services,NIH,1991,和后来的版本)。有三种重链CDR和三种轻链CDR。此处，取决于情况，术语“CDR”和“CDRs” 用于指包含一种或多种或者甚至全部的对抗体与其识别的抗原或表位的结合亲和力起作用的主要氨基酸残基的区域。在另一具体实施方式中，CDR区或CDR是指IMGT定义的免疫球蛋白的重链和轻链的高度可变区。
术语“重链”在本文中理解为包括全长重链，该重链包含具有决定抗原特异性的氨基酸序列的可变区(VH)和具有三个恒定结构域(CH1、CH2和CH3)或四个恒定结构域(CH1、CH2、CH3和CH4)的恒定区，以及它们的片段。同样，术语“轻链”在本文中包括全长轻链，该轻链包含具有决定抗原特异性的氨基酸序列的可变区(VL)，还包含恒定区(CL)，以及它们的片段。此外，在本申请中，若非特别强调，可变区从由如下顺序串联得到FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4。
术语“特异性结合”、“选择性结合”、“选择性地结合”和“特异性地结合”是指抗体对预先确定的抗原上的表位的结合。通常，抗体以大约小于10 -4M、10 -5M、10 -6M、10 -7M、10 -8M、10 -9M或10 -10M或更小的亲和力(KD)结合。靶向通常是特异性结合。
抗体的变体也在本申请范围内，例如各自与本申请所述的各个CDR或FR、或可变区VL和/或VH、或抗体全长的氨基酸或核苷酸序列具有至少70％、80％、85％、90％、91％、92％、93％、94％、95％、96％、97％、98％、99％或高于99％同一性的序列。在一些情况下，抗体的变体至少包括上述6个CDR；在一些情况下，抗体的变体至少包括一个重链和一个轻链，而在其他情况下，变体形式含有两个相同的轻链和两个相同的重链(或其子部分)。在一些情况下，抗体的变体是在本申请所提供的抗体序列上发生保守修饰或保守置换或取代所得到的。“保守修饰”或“保守置换或取代”是指具有类似特征(例如电荷、侧链大小、疏水性/亲水性、主链构象和刚性等)的其它氨基酸置换蛋白中的氨基酸，使得可频繁进行改变而不改变蛋白的生物学活性。本领域技术人员知晓，一般而言，多肽的非必需区域中的单个氨基酸置换基本上不改变生物学活性(参见例如Watson等(1987)Molecular Biology of the Gene,The Benjamin/Cummings Pub.Co.,第224页， (第4版))。另外，结构或功能类似的氨基酸的置换不大可能破环生物学活性。所属领域技术人员将能够使用熟知的技术确定如本文所阐明的抗原结合分子的合适变体。对于核苷酸和氨基酸序列，术语“同一性”表明当具有适当的插入或缺失的情况下最佳比对和比较时两个核酸或两个氨基酸序列之间的同一性程度。
在一些实施方式中，a和b独立地选自小鼠来源抗体、人-小鼠嵌合抗体以及人源化抗体。
术语“嵌合抗体(chimeric antibody)”，是将鼠源性抗体的可变区与人抗体的恒定区融合而成的抗体，可以减轻鼠源性抗体诱发的免疫应答反应。建立嵌合抗体，要先建立分泌鼠源性特异性单抗的杂交瘤，然后从鼠杂交瘤细胞中克隆可变区基因，再根据需要克隆人抗体的恒定区基因，将鼠可变区基因与人恒定区基因连接成嵌合基因后插入表达载体中，最后在真核系统或原核系统中表达嵌合抗体分子。
术语“人源化抗体(humanized antibody)”，也称为CDR移植抗体(CDR-grafted antibody)，是指将鼠的CDR序列移植到人的抗体可变区框架，即不同类型的人种系抗体构架序列中产生的抗体。可以克服嵌合抗体由于携带大量鼠蛋白成分，从而诱导的异源性反应。此类构架序列可以从包括种系抗体基因序列的公共DNA数据库或公开的参考文献获得。如人重链和轻链可变区基因的种系DNA序列可以在“VBase”人种系序列数据库(www.mrccpe.com.ac.uk/vbase)获得，以及在Kabat，E.A.等人，1991，Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest，第5版中找到。为避免免疫原性下降的同时，引起的活性下降，可对所述的人抗体可变区框架序列进行最少反向突变或回复突变，以保持活性。为避免免疫原性下降的同时，引起的活性下降，可对所述的人抗体可变区可进行最少反向突变，以保持活性。
在一些实施方式中，a的重链可变区如SEQ ID NO:13所示，轻链可变区如SEQ ID NO:14所示。
在一些实施方式中，b的重链可变区如SEQ ID NO:15所示，轻链可变区如SEQ ID NO:16所示。
在一些实施方式中，a和b具有恒定区。
在一些实施方式中，a和b的重链恒定区分别独立的选自IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA、IgM、IgE、IgD任意一种的恒定区。
在一些实施方式中，a的恒定区为IgG1或IgM，b的恒定区为IgG1或IgM。
在一些实施方式中，a的恒定区为IgG1，b的恒定区为IgM。
在一些实施方式中，a的恒定区为IgM，b的恒定区为IgG1。
在一些实施方式中，a的恒定区为IgM，b的恒定区为IgM。
在一些实施方式中，a的恒定区为IgG1，b的恒定区为IgG1。
在一些实施方式中，a和b至少一种的恒定区为IgM。
在最优选的实施方式中，a的恒定区为IgM，b的恒定区为IgG1。
通过使用IgM嵌合抗体作为捕获抗体，增加抗原结合位点，提高反应灵敏度。
在一些实施方式中，所述恒定区的种属来源为牛、马、猪、羊、大鼠、小鼠、狗、猫、兔、骆驼、驴、鹿、貂、鸡、鸭、鹅或人，在一些具体实施方式中，所述恒定区的种属来源为人。
在一些实施方式中，所述抗体还可以包括分泌信号序列。
分泌信号序列是指，通过连接至编码序列位于细胞膜外侧或细胞外侧的N端而诱导所表达的蛋白或肽的分泌的序列，所述信号序列可以是由约18～30个氨基酸组成的肽序列。所有能转运到细胞膜外侧的蛋白有不同的信号序列，所述信号序列被细胞膜上的信号肽酶切割。通常，对于并非宿主细胞天然表达的外来蛋白而言，可以采用能将该蛋白分泌到细胞周质或培养基中的分泌信号序列，或采用修饰的序列。
本申请还涉及分离的核酸，其编码如上所述的双特异性抗体。
核酸通常是RNA或DNA，核酸分子可以是单链或双链的，但优选是双链DNA。当将核酸与另一个核酸序列置于功能关系中时，核酸是“有效连接的”。例如，如果启动子或增强子影响编码序列的转录，那么启动子或增强子有效地连接至所述编码序列。当其连入载体时优选采用DNA核酸。此外，核酸分子可根据不同的宿主细胞进行密码子优化。
本申请还涉及载体，其包含如上所述的的核酸。
术语“载体(vector)”是指，可将多聚核苷酸插入其中的一种核酸运载工具。当载体能使插入的多核苷酸编码的蛋白获得表达时，载体称为表达载体。载体可以通过转化，转导或者转染导入宿主细胞，使其携带的遗传物质元件在宿主细胞中获得表达。载体是本领域技术人员公知的，包括但不限于：质粒；噬菌粒；柯斯质粒；人工染色体，例如酵母人工染色体(YAC)、细菌人工染色体(BAC)或P1来源的人工染色体(PAC)；噬菌体如λ噬菌体或M13噬菌体及动物病毒等。可用作载体的动物病毒包括但不限于，逆转录酶病毒(包括慢病毒)、腺病毒、腺相关病毒、疱疹病毒(如单纯疱疹病毒)、痘病毒、杆状病毒、乳头瘤病毒、乳头多瘤空泡病毒(如SV40)。在一些实施方式中，本申请所述载体中包含基因工程中常用的调控元件，例如增强子、启动子、内部核糖体进入位点(IRES)和其他表达控制元件(例如转录终止信号，或者多腺苷酸化信号和多聚U序列等)。
本申请还提供宿主细胞，其包含如上所述的核酸或被如上所述的载体所转化。
适用于表达本申请的抗原结合蛋白的宿主细胞或细胞系包括：哺乳动物细胞诸如NS0、Sp2/0、CHO、COS、HEK、成纤维细胞和骨髓瘤细胞。可以使用人细胞，因而允许分子用人糖基化模式来修饰。或者，可以采用其他真核细胞系。合适的哺乳动物宿主细胞的选择，以及用于转化、培养、扩增、筛选和产物产生和纯化的方法，是本领域已知的。
可以证明，细菌细胞可用作宿主细胞。用于表达的各种大肠杆菌菌株，是生物技术领域中众所周知的宿主细胞。枯草芽孢杆菌、链霉菌属、其他芽孢杆菌属等的各种菌株，也可以用于该方法中。
如果需要，本领域技术人员已知的酵母细胞菌株以及昆虫细胞，例如果蝇和鳞翅目昆虫和病毒表达系统，也可用作宿主细胞。
根据本申请的再一方面，还涉及一种生产如上所述的抗体的方法，包括：
在合适的培养条件下培养如上所述的宿主细胞；以及
从培养基中或从所培养的宿主细胞中回收如此产生的抗体。
本申请还提供固相载体，其表面包被有如上所述的抗体，且同时具有a和 b。
示例性固体支持物包括，但不限于，柱基质材料、培养板、管(EP管)、皿、烧瓶、微量滴定板、多孔板、微量反应板凹孔、微球、热杀死的福尔马林-(或其他化学)-固定的原核或真核细胞、显微镜载片、
Figure PCTCN2022115077-appb-000001
薄膜或任何其他光学透明的聚合物，或其组合。所述固体支持物可以全部或部分地由塑料、纤维素、纤维素衍生物、硝化纤维素、玻璃、玻璃纤维、乳胶或其组合构成。
术语“固相载体”表示载体材料以非液体坚固性为主，从而允许核酸在载体材料上的精确和可追踪的定位。固相支持物可以选用聚苯乙烯、塑料、纤维素、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯聚丙烯、交联葡聚糖、玻璃、硅橡胶、琼脂糖凝胶等材质。固相载体的形式可以是膜、片状物、多孔板，微球等。优选的固相载体为酶标板。其含有的孔位可以为16、32、48、64、96或更多。在本申请中，术语“微球”可以为球体、近球体、立方体、多面体或不规则形状。微球的直径优选为10nm～1mm，例如100nm、500nm、1μm、10μm、100μm、500μm；优选为400nm～10μm。微球优选为磁珠，其成分中含有磁性物质。
本申请还涉及试剂盒，其包含如上所述的固相载体。
在一些实施方式中，所述的试剂盒还包含特异性识别SARS-CoV-2N蛋白、且能够与a和b配对使用的第二抗体。
配对的抗体意为与同于抗原结合的两个或多个抗体，它们直接所结合的抗原表位不同，且空间上的距离能够保证彼此的空间位阻在可接受范围内，能够特异性识别并结合所述抗原，当配对的抗体之一为多抗时，多抗中的至少部分抗体能够特异性识别并结合所述抗原。
在一些实施方式中，所述第二抗体为多克隆抗体。
在一些实施方式中，所述第二抗体的种属来源非人，且与a和b的种属来源也不同。
在一些实施方式中，所述的试剂盒还包含特异性识别所述第二抗体Fc段的第三抗体，所述第三抗体缀合有可检测的信号物质。
本申请还涉及试剂、试剂盒或试纸条，其包含如上所述的抗体。
本申请还涉及一种检测SARS-CoV-2病毒的方法，包括：
使用如上所述的多肽、试剂盒或试纸条检测SARS-CoV-2抗原。
在一些实施方式中，所述检测的受试样品选自生物组织或其灌洗液、细胞、体液，进一步选自血液、血清、血浆、抗凝血、细胞培养上清、唾液、精液、羊水、绒毛、组织或组织裂解液、咽拭子、鼻拭子、眼结膜拭子、粪便标本、粪便、尿液、支气管灌洗液、肺泡灌洗液、痰液。
下面将结合实施例对本申请的实施方案进行详细描述。
实施例1免疫原制备
将新型冠状病毒N蛋白全长基因序列构建到载体pET28a中，并通过BL21(DE3)重组表达后，利用亲和层析和离子交换层析法制备，获得免疫原。
氨基酸序列组成如下：
(1)新型冠状病毒N蛋白全长
Figure PCTCN2022115077-appb-000002
上述抗原的SDS-PAGE结果图如图1所示。
实施例2抗新型冠状病毒N蛋白的鼠单克隆抗体筛选
使用制备的新型冠状病毒N蛋白全长免疫适龄BalB/C小鼠，使用各免疫原通过ELISA检测小鼠尾血，直至效价达到10 4时停止免疫，取出小鼠脾脏，处理后与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞Sp2/0进行融合，并进而通过有限稀释法筛选阳性杂交瘤细胞株。将获得的鼠单克隆抗体与新冠N蛋白进行活性验证，一方面验证单一 抗原与N蛋白的反应灵敏度，另一方面验证两个抗体配对后与N蛋白的灵敏度。
表1单克隆抗体细胞上清活性检测结果
Figure PCTCN2022115077-appb-000003
表2单克隆抗体配对检测(双抗夹心法)
Figure PCTCN2022115077-appb-000004
抗体配对1：抗体1(捕获抗体)+抗体2-HRP；抗体配对2：抗体1(捕获抗体)+抗体3-HRP；抗体配对3：抗体2(捕获抗体)+抗体1-HRP；抗体配对4：抗体2(捕获抗体)+抗体3-HRP；抗体配对5：抗体3(捕获抗体)+抗体1-HRP；抗体配对6：抗体3(捕获抗体)+抗体2-HRP。
上述抗体的SDS-PAGE结果图如图2所示。
实施例3抗新型冠状病毒N蛋白的IgM及IgG亚型嵌合抗体获得
扩增相应的阳性杂交瘤细胞株，提取其mRNA后利用RT-PCR的方法扩增其可变区的基因序列，Sanger法测序确认后，将其分别构建至IgG嵌合抗体重链及轻链表达载体pFUSE-CHIg-mG1及pFUSE2-CLIg-mk上(载体图谱分别如图3和图4所示)，另分别构建到IgM嵌合抗体重链及轻链表达载体pFUSE-CHIgM及pFUSE2-CLIg-mk上(载体图谱分别如图5和图4所示)。提取去内毒 素质粒，轻链、重链按照适当的比例瞬时转染293细胞，约48h后收集培养细胞上清，分别经Protein A(IgG)和Protein L(IgM)亲和层析和离子交换层析纯化，获得嵌合抗体，标记为N-Ab-G1(具有IgG1恒定区的a抗体)，N-Ab-G2(具有IgG1恒定区的b抗体)及N-Ab-M1(具有IgM恒定区的a抗体)、N-Ab-M2(具有IgM恒定区的b抗体)。制备的IgG1嵌合抗体SDS-PAGE电泳图如图6所示，IgM嵌合抗体SDS-PAGE电泳图如图7所示。
实施例4抗新型冠状病毒N蛋白的嵌合抗体活性验证
将N-Ab-G1，N-Ab-G2及N-Ab-M1、N-Ab-M2按照适当的浓度包被至酶标板上，BSA封闭后，与不同浓度的N蛋白反应后，加入合适浓度的HRP标记的兔多克隆抗体，使用TMB进行显色。
Figure PCTCN2022115077-appb-000005
将N-Ab-G1，N-Ab-G2及N-Ab-M1、N-Ab-M2两两1:1组合，均按照2ug/ml的浓度包被至酶标板上，BSA封闭后，与不同浓度的N抗原反应后，加入合适浓度的HRP标记的兔多克隆抗体，使用TMB进行显色。
Figure PCTCN2022115077-appb-000006
组合1：N-Ab-G1&N-Ab-G2；
组合2：N-Ab-G1&N-Ab-M1；
组合3：N-Ab-G1&N-Ab-M2；
组合4：N-Ab-G2&N-Ab-M1；
组合5：N-Ab-G2&N-Ab-M2；
组合6：N-Ab-M1&N-Ab-M2。
从上面的数据可知，组合2～6的亲和力均显著优于组合1，其中组合4的亲和力最高，组合6均为IgM，虽然抗体价态更高，但可能由于较大的空间位阻缘故，其亲和力差于组合4。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 抗体，其能够特异性结合SARS-CoV-2 N蛋白，选自a和/或b；
    a)包含氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:1～3所示的重链互补决定区H-CDR1、H-CDR2、H-CDR3，以及氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:4～6所示的轻链互补决定区L-CDR1、L-CDR2、L-CDR3；
    b)包含氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:7～9所示的重链互补决定区H-CDR1、H-CDR2、H-CDR3，以及氨基酸序列依次如SEQ ID NO:10～12所示的轻链互补决定区L-CDR1、L-CDR2、L-CDR3。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的抗体，a和b独立地选自小鼠来源抗体、人-小鼠嵌合抗体以及人源化抗体。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的抗体，a的重链可变区如SEQ ID NO:13所示，轻链可变区如SEQ ID NO:14所示。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的抗体，b的重链可变区如SEQ ID NO:15所示，轻链可变区如SEQ ID NO:16所示。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的抗体，a和b具有恒定区。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的抗体，a的恒定区为IgG1或IgM，b的恒定区为IgG1或IgM。
  7. 核酸，其编码权利要求1～6任一项所述的抗体。
  8. 载体，其包含权利要求7所述的核酸。
  9. 宿主细胞，其包含根据权利要求7所述的核酸或被权利要求8所述的载体所转化。
  10. 生产权利要求1～6任一项所述的抗体的方法，包括：
    在合适的培养条件下培养权利要求9所述的宿主细胞；以及
    从培养基中或从所培养的宿主细胞中回收如此产生的抗体。
  11. 固相载体，其表面包被有权利要求5或6所述的抗体，且同时具有a和b。
  12. 试剂盒，其包含权利要求11所述的固相载体。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的试剂盒，其还包含特异性识别SARS-CoV-2 N 蛋白、且能够与a和b配对使用的第二抗体。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的试剂盒，所述第二抗体为多克隆抗体。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的试剂盒，所述第二抗体的种属来源非人，且与a和b的种属来源也不同。
  16. 根据权利要求13～15任一项所述的试剂盒，其还包含特异性识别所述第二抗体Fc段的第三抗体，所述第三抗体缀合有可检测的信号物质。
  17. 试剂、试剂盒或试纸条，其包含权利要求1～6任一项所述的抗体。
PCT/CN2022/115077 2021-08-26 2022-08-26 SARS-CoV-2N蛋白抗体及其应用 WO2023025278A1 (zh)

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