WO2023008561A1 - 血液成分吸着材料 - Google Patents
血液成分吸着材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023008561A1 WO2023008561A1 PCT/JP2022/029308 JP2022029308W WO2023008561A1 WO 2023008561 A1 WO2023008561 A1 WO 2023008561A1 JP 2022029308 W JP2022029308 W JP 2022029308W WO 2023008561 A1 WO2023008561 A1 WO 2023008561A1
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- Prior art keywords
- blood component
- polymer
- adsorbing material
- blood
- adsorption
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3679—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits by absorption
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blood component adsorption material.
- particulate blood component adsorption materials have a small specific surface area and are less likely to clog due to filtration, making them suitable for blood treatment, and various particulate adsorption materials have been developed.
- a sugar chain selected from the group consisting of sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose and cellobiose is covalently bound to a functional group on the surface of a water-insoluble carrier, and the sugar chain is an amino group of the functional group.
- a blood component-adsorbing carrier for adsorbing and removing both cytokines and leukocytes, which is covalently bonded to a group on the reducing end side, is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a blood component adsorbing carrier characterized by comprising at least an outer layer made of a cellulose acetate molded body and an inner layer made of polycarbonate formed inside the outer layer.
- US Pat. No. 5,900,000 discloses a polymer system comprising at least one polymer, the polymer comprising residues of one or more aromatic monomers and one or more crosslinkers, wherein the polymer comprises an external surface and a plurality of Disclosed is a polymer system having pores, wherein the polymer is functionalized with different functional groups on the external surface and on the surface within the pores.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a coated particle comprising a hydrophobic porous polymer particle and a coating layer made of a crosslinked hydroxyl group-containing polymer that coats at least part of the surface of the hydrophobic porous polymer particle.
- US Pat. No. 5,300,002 discloses a biocompatible polymer system comprising at least one polymer, wherein said polymer comprises either a polyol or a zwitterionic functional group, said polymer comprising hydroxyl groups in repeating units.
- a biocompatible polymer system comprising a solid support having a compatible hydrogel coating, wherein said polymer system is also capable of adsorbing one or more of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-positive bacterial fragments, and Gram-positive bacterial components. It is disclosed
- Non-Patent Document 1 reports that alveolar macrophages, which are a type of leukocyte, specifically recognize and adhere to specific sugar chains.
- Leukocytes are classified into monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes, and since monocytes and granulocytes are involved as components that cause inflammation in blood component adsorption, it is particularly important to adsorb without distinguishing between monocytes and granulocytes. is considered preferable.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose materials that adsorb blood components based on the binding of sugar-derived molecular structures.
- the material of Patent Document 1 discloses that neutrophils and monocytes, which are types of granulocytes, can be adsorbed, it does not describe or suggest whether all monocytes and granulocytes can be adsorbed.
- Patent Document 1 introduces a sugar chain for specific binding of leukocytes, it does not describe or suggest adsorption removal based on the van der Waals force due to the physical structure of the material surface.
- Patent Document 2 does not specifically disclose blood components that can be adsorbed.
- Patent Document 3 describes a material that enables the adsorption and removal of proteins, toxins, and pathogens, but does not disclose any specific effects, and suggests the disclosure of the adsorption and removal of cell components such as leukocytes. neither.
- Patent Document 4 is a separation material for chromatography, which is assumed to be used for the purpose of reversible adsorption of proteins, and cannot be applied as it is to the irreversible adsorption and removal of blood components for the purpose of treating patients. Can not. In addition, there is no description regarding adsorption and removal of cell components such as leukocytes.
- Patent document 5 provides a solid support with a polyol functional group such as a diol group or a zwitterionic functional group in order to remove one of the bacteria-derived components, and furthermore transfers blood components to the surface of the solid support.
- a polyol functional group such as a diol group or a zwitterionic functional group
- a biocompatible polymer system with a hydrogel coating to prevent adsorption is disclosed.
- adsorption and removal of blood components based on van der Waals force due to physical structure.
- cell components such as leukocytes.
- the present invention provides a vandel on the surface of a blood component-adsorbing material by immobilizing a polymer having a hydroxyl group at a specific content on the surface of porous particles consisting only of a polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- a blood component adsorbing material capable of adsorbing blood components such as various leukocytes without limiting the types of monocytes and granulocytes by controlling the Waals force.
- blood component adsorption material (4) The blood component adsorption according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the second polymer is a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyhydroxyalkyl acrylate, polyhydroxyalkyl methacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol. material.
- a blood purification column comprising the blood component-adsorbing material according to any one of (1) to (5).
- the blood component-adsorbing material of the present invention highly efficiently adsorbs blood components such as various leukocytes without limiting the types of monocytes and granulocytes by adsorption based on the Van der Waals force due to the physical structure of the surface. can do.
- the blood component-adsorbing material of the present invention comprises porous particles consisting only of a first polymer having aromatic hydrocarbon groups in repeating units, and second polymers having hydroxyl groups in repeating units immobilized on the surfaces of the porous particles. and a polymer, wherein the content of the second polymer on the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material is 3 to 30 mg/g.
- a first polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group in a repeating unit means a polymer having a hydrocarbon group containing an aromatic structure in a repeating unit. There is no particular limitation as long as the repeating unit contains an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a plurality of repeating units may be contained.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably a functional group in which a hydrocarbon structure is substituted with, for example, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, or an acetylene ring, and more preferably contains a benzene ring.
- the first polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group in a repeating unit may be a homopolymer consisting of a single repeating unit or a copolymer containing a plurality of types of repeating units. From the viewpoint of security, it is preferable that divinylbenzene is contained in any case.
- the first polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group in a repeating unit is a homopolymer
- polystyrene, polyethylvinylbenzene, polymethylvinylbenzene and polydivinylbenzene are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of handling and availability.
- Polydivinylbenzene is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of ensuring the strength of the particles.
- substitution position of the substituent with respect to each aromatic ring does not matter.
- the composition of the first polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group in a repeating unit is not limited except that it includes repeating units composed of an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and may be a copolymer containing a plurality of types of repeating units.
- the number of repetitions and molecular weight of the chemical structure of the first polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group in the repeating unit from the viewpoint of physical properties and strength stability as a polymer, 100 or more are shared as repeating units. It is preferably a bond-linked polymer.
- the first polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group is a polymer in which 100 or more repeating units are covalently bonded, because it does not dissolve when impregnated with isopropyl alcohol.
- the first polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group in a repeating unit may have a crosslinked structure for maintaining strength and a terminal structure derived from an initiator for initiation and termination of polymerization.
- the fact that the first polymer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group has a crosslinked structure can be confirmed by impregnating the first polymer in acetone and performing a reflux operation using a Soxhlet extractor to confirm that it does not dissolve.
- the second polymer having a hydroxyl group in the repeating unit means a polymer containing a hydroxyl group in the repeating unit as a chemical structure.
- the molecular structure and molecular weight of the repeating unit are not limited, the molecular weight of the repeating unit is preferably 200 g/mol or less per hydroxyl group.
- Examples of the second polymer having a hydroxyl group in the repeating unit include synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyhydroxyalkyl acrylate and polyhydroxyacrylate, dextran, dextran sulfate, alginic acid, hyaluronic acid, pectin, xyloglucan, and xylan. and polysaccharides such as heparin are preferred, synthetic polymers are more preferred from the viewpoint of sterilization and stability, and polyvinyl alcohol, polyhydroxyalkyl acrylate and polyhydroxy acrylate are more preferred.
- the second polymer having hydroxyl groups in the repeating units may be a copolymer containing only hydrocarbon as repeating units.
- repeating units composed only of hydrocarbons for example, repeating units of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylvinylbenzene, polymethylvinylbenzene, and polydivinylbenzene are preferable.
- Examples of the second polymer include poly(vinyl alcohol/ethylene), poly(vinyl alcohol/styrene), poly(vinyl alcohol/methylvinylbenzene), poly(vinyl alcohol/divinylbenzene), poly(hydroxyalkyl acrylate), /ethylene), poly(hydroxyalkyl acrylate/styrene), poly(hydroxyalkyl acrylate/methylvinylbenzene), poly(hydroxyalkyl acrylate/divinylbenzene), poly(hydroxyacrylate/ethylene), poly(hydroxyacrylate/styrene) and Poly(hydroxyacrylate/methylvinylbenzene), poly(hydroxyacrylate/divinylbenzene) are preferred.
- the abundance ratio of the repeating unit containing a hydroxyl group in the repeating unit of the second polymer if it is too small, the adhesion rate of platelets will increase due to the increase in hydrophobicity, leading to clogging of the column. It is preferably 100% or less, more preferably 40% or more and 100% or less, and particularly preferably 95% or more and 100% or less.
- the number of repeating units is 10 or more and 10,000 or less from the viewpoint of surface interaction and modification properties. It is preferably a polymer with a degree of polymerization of 10 to 10,000, more preferably a polymer with a degree of polymerization of 30 to 10,000, in which repeating units are linked by covalent bonds.
- the degree of polymerization of the second polymer when a commercially available product with a specified degree of polymerization is used as it is, the degree of polymerization is adopted, and when the degree of polymerization is not specified, the weight average molecular weight is the molecular weight of the repeating unit. It is obtained by dividing and rounding off the ones place. For example, when the weight average molecular weight is 10,000 and the molecular weight of the repeating unit is 250, the degree of polymerization is 40.
- the second polymer is a copolymer consisting of two or more types of monomers, the abundance ratio of each repeating unit is multiplied by the molecular weight of each repeating unit, and the obtained values are added up and divided by the total number of components.
- the weighted average obtained by the above is regarded as the molecular weight of the repeating unit.
- the second polymer having a hydroxyl group in the repeating unit may have a crosslinked structure for maintaining strength and a terminal structure derived from an initiator for initiation and termination of polymerization.
- porous particle means a particle having a plurality of pores, and the porous particle in the present invention is composed only of the first polymer.
- the pore volume of the pores contained in the blood component-adsorbing material is not limited, but in order to improve the strength of the blood component-adsorbing material and stabilize the adsorption process, the pore volume per 1 g of the blood component-adsorbing material should be 0.5. It is preferably 5 cm 3 or more and 1.8 cm 3 or less.
- the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material means the physical properties of the blood component-adsorbing material up to a certain depth measured in the infrared absorption spectrum (wave number 4500 cm ⁇ 1 to 500 cm ⁇ 1 ) by the total reflection measurement (ATR) method. .
- the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material can be measured by the following method. Select Advanced ATR mode of Nicolet iS5 FT-IR (manufactured by Thermo Scientific; iD5 diamond ATR accessory included, detector: DTGS KBr, beam splitter: KBr) and set parameters (number of scans: 16, data interval: 0 .241 cm ⁇ 1 , automatic atmospheric correction: none).
- the total average of the blood component-adsorbing material is the blood components measured by the infrared absorption spectrum (wave number 4500 cm ⁇ 1 to 500 cm ⁇ 1 ) by the total reflection measurement (ATR) method after homogenizing the structure of the blood component-adsorbing material. It refers to the physical properties of the adsorbent material.
- the overall average infrared absorption spectrum of the blood component-adsorbing material can be analyzed by the following method.
- the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material is measured in the same manner as the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material. can be obtained.
- the second polymer being immobilized on the surface of the porous particle means that the second polymer is physically or chemically immobilized on the surface of the porous particle composed of the first polymer. do.
- fixation by agglomeration on the surface of porous particles or fixation by entanglement of polymers is preferred.
- the method of chemical fixation is also not limited, but fixation by forming a covalent bond or an ionic bond is preferred.
- the method for immobilizing the second polymer on the surface of the porous particles may be physical or chemical. More preferred.
- the method for chemically immobilizing the second polymer is not particularly limited, it is preferably immobilized by covalent bonding from the viewpoint of stability, and is preferably immobilized via a linker.
- a “linker” is a chemical structure for covalently immobilizing the first polymer and the second polymer, and the repeating unit of the first polymer and the repeating unit of the second polymer.
- a chemical structure formed by covalent bonds For example, when a substituent is introduced into the aromatic ring of the first polymer and reacted with the hydroxyl group of the second polymer to bond, the structure between the aromatic ring carbon and the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group after the reaction is changed. means.
- the chemical structure included as a linker is not limited. chemical bonds are preferred.
- the linker contains an amide bond, a urea bond, an ether bond, or an ester bond as a bond that is electrically neutral and can impart hydrophilicity from the viewpoint of suppressing clogging due to platelet adsorption. From the viewpoint of bond stability, it is even more preferable to contain an amide bond or an ester bond, and an amide bond is particularly preferable.
- the amide bond contained in the linker may be any one of primary amide, secondary amide and tertiary amide, but secondary amide is preferred.
- the binding position of the amide bond contained in the linker is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of appropriately suppressing the hydrophobicity of the aromatic hydrocarbon group to which platelets tend to adsorb, the first polymer is attached via the alkylene group. It is preferably covalently attached to the coalescing aromatic ring.
- the alkylene group is preferably methylene, ethylene, propylene, or the like, more preferably a methylene group.
- the linker may contain an ionic functional group in order to make the binding of the second polymer easier to control.
- an amino group or a carboxylic acid group is preferable, and from the viewpoint of blood compatibility. Amino groups are more preferred.
- the chemical structure in the linker contains an electrically neutral chemical bond and an ionic functional group at the same time.
- the chemical structure preferably includes an electrically neutral chemical bond on the first polymer side and an ionic functional group on the surface side.
- an amide bond is covalently bonded to the aromatic ring of the first polymer via an alkylene group, and an amino group is further bonded to the distal end thereof.
- the method of immobilizing the first polymer and the linker by covalent bonding is not limited, for example, a state in which the aromatic ring contained in the repeating unit of the first polymer and the linker are bonded via a carbon-carbon bond is preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms in the linker is not limited, the distance between the first polymer and the second polymer is set appropriately, and the mobility of the linker is kept within a preferable range to facilitate immobilization of the second polymer.
- the number of carbon atoms is preferably 2 or more and 30 or less, more preferably 4 or more and 20 or less, and even more preferably 6 or more and 15 or less.
- the method for physically immobilizing the second polymer is not particularly limited, but a copolymer containing a hydrophobic repeating unit is used as the second polymer, and the hydrophobic interaction of its structure
- a method in which the first polymer is aggregated or the second polymer is mixed during the formation of the first polymer and immobilized by entanglement is preferable.
- a method of aggregating into the first polymer by interaction is preferred.
- the content of the second polymer on the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material is 3 mg/g or more and 30 mg/g or less, more preferably 3 mg/g or more and 20 mg/g or less.
- the content of the second polymer in the overall average of the blood component-adsorbing material is not limited, in order to improve the adsorption performance of the humoral factors of blood components, the second polymer in the overall average of the blood component-adsorbing material is is preferably 0.3 mg/g or less.
- the particle size of the blood component-adsorbing material is not limited, but is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 10 mm or less, and more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 3 mm or less, in order to facilitate the flow of blood when the blood components are adsorbed. , 100 ⁇ m or more and 1 mm or less.
- the pore volume per 1 g of the blood component adsorbing material is the diameter obtained by measuring the freezing point depression due to capillary aggregation of water in the pores by differential scanning calorimetry using a differential scanning calorimeter (hereinafter referred to as DSC). It means the volume of minute pores of 200 nm or less.
- the pore volume per gram is obtained by obtaining a thermal differential (DSC) curve in the hydrated state of the target material by the DSC measurement method described below, then calculating the melting point and abundance of water from the obtained DSC curve, and further pore volume Calculate the volume.
- 1 g of the material is impregnated in 10 mL of pure water impregnated with water, and the container containing the solution is degassed for 10 minutes with an aspirator while being subjected to an ultrasonic cleaner.
- About 6 mg of the obtained material in a water-containing state is taken out immediately before the DSC measurement, and excess water adhering to the surface is removed to such an extent that no water droplets can be seen visually.
- the sealed aluminum sample container was set in a DSC Q100 (manufactured by TA Instruments) that had undergone temperature and calorific value calibration (melting point 0.0°C, heat of fusion 79.7 cal/g) with pure water in advance. Measure the weight. Subsequently, about 6 mg of the material is sampled, sealed in an aluminum sealed sample container, and used as a measurement sample. Put the measurement sample into the DSC Q100 and measure the weight. A sample weight is obtained by subtracting the blank weight from the obtained weight.
- DSC Q100 manufactured by TA Instruments
- a sample to be measured is rapidly cooled to -55°C, heated to 5°C at a rate of 0.3°C/min, measured for differential scanning calorimetry, and a DSC curve is obtained using the peak top temperature as the melting point. After that, take out the sample, vacuum dry it at 110°C for 2 hours, place it again in the DSC Q100, measure the weight, and take the amount of decrease before and after the vacuum drying as the total moisture content. From the obtained DSC curve, total water content, and sample weight, the pore volume per 1 g of the material was calculated according to the method of Ishikiriyama et al. do.
- porous particles consist only of the first polymer is obtained by pulverizing the porous particles in a mortar so that they can be inserted into the NMR tube, measuring the solid 13 CNMR, and finding a peak in the aromatic ring-derived region ( ⁇ : 110 to 170 ppm). It can be confirmed from
- the inclusion of the second polymer on the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material can be confirmed by the presence of an absorption wavelength (3340 cm ⁇ 1 ) for OH stretching in the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material.
- the content of the second polymer in the overall average of the blood component-adsorbing material was obtained by measuring the dry weight of the blood component-adsorbing material in advance, and then immersing it in tetrahydrofuran, hydrochloric acid, and aqueous sodium hydroxide at 90°C or higher overnight. Wash repeatedly with exchanged water until neutral, dry again, measure the weight of the blood component-adsorbing material, and round off the value obtained from the following formula 1 to the second decimal place as the post-elution weight of the blood component-adsorbing material. can be calculated.
- Second polymer content (mg/g) in overall average of blood component-adsorbing material ⁇ dry weight (1000 mg) ⁇ post-elution weight (mg) ⁇ /1 g Equation 1
- the absorption intensity of the peak (2920 cm ⁇ 1 ) derived from the CH stretching of each of the average infrared absorption spectrum of the blood component-adsorbing material and the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material, and the total average of the blood component-adsorbing material Based on the absorption intensity of the peak (3340 cm ⁇ 1 ) derived from the OH group in the infrared absorption spectrum and the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the blood component adsorbing material, the value obtained from the following formula 2 is converted to the first decimal place. Round off to calculate the content of the second polymer on the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material.
- Second polymer content (mg/g) on the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material Second polymer content (mg/g) on the average of the entire blood component-adsorbing material x ⁇ surface of the blood component-adsorbing material OH group-derived peak absorption intensity/Peak absorption intensity derived from CH stretching on the surface of blood component-adsorbing material ⁇ / ⁇ Peak absorption intensity derived from OH-groups of overall average of blood component-adsorbing material/Overall average of blood component-adsorbing material Peak absorption intensity derived from CH stretching ⁇ Equation 2
- the particle size of the blood component-adsorbing material is obtained by randomly collecting 10 particle samples and taking 1000- to 3000-fold photographs using a scanning electron microscope. Means the average value of the measured diameters.
- Bood component-adsorbing material means a material that has the ability to adsorb blood components.
- Blood components refer to components that make up blood, and are classified into humoral factors in blood and cells in blood.
- the blood components to be adsorbed by the blood component-adsorbing material of the present embodiment are not particularly limited, but among the blood components, cells in the blood are preferable, and the cells in the blood and the humoral factors in the blood can be adsorbed at the same time. preferable.
- Cells in blood means cells contained in blood, and includes, for example, white blood cell components such as granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes, red blood cells and platelets.
- white blood cell components such as granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes, red blood cells and platelets.
- leukocyte components are preferred as the target for adsorption, and among leukocyte components, removal of monocytes and granulocytes is preferred, and activated granulocytes, activated monocytes, or activated granulocyte-activated More preferred are activated platelet complexes and activated monocyte-activated platelet complexes.
- Activated granulocytes and activate monocytes mean granulocytes and monocytes that release cytokines, active oxygen, etc. by cytokines, LPS, etc.
- the degree of activation can be determined by measuring the amount of activated oxygen released by activated leukocytes or measuring the expression of surface antigens by flow cytometry or the like.
- Activated platelets means platelets that release cytokines, active oxygen, etc. by cytokines, LPS, etc.
- Activated granulocyte-activated platelet complex and “activated monocyte-activated platelet complex” refer to the binding of activated granulocytes or activated monocytes and activated platelets to self-organization. It means one having phagocytic action. In particular, in the treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases, it is considered necessary to remove activated granulocyte-activated platelet complexes, which are thought to be directly involved in the pathology.
- the above-mentioned granulocytes are further classified into neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils, but it is preferable that the components derived from monocytes and granulocytes are removed together without their selectivity.
- Human factors in the blood refer to organic substances dissolved in the blood. Specific examples include proteins such as urea, ⁇ 2-microglobulin, cytokines, IgE and IgG, and polysaccharides such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Among them, urea, proteins such as cytokines, and polysaccharides such as LPS are preferable as the adsorption target, and cytokines are more preferable as the adsorption target for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
- proteins such as urea, ⁇ 2-microglobulin, cytokines, IgE and IgG
- polysaccharides such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
- urea proteins such as cytokines, and polysaccharides such as LPS are preferable as the adsorption target, and cytokines are more preferable as the adsorption target for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
- cytokine refers to a group of proteins that are produced from various cells including immunocompetent cells and released extracellularly to act upon stimulation such as infection and trauma.
- interferon ⁇ interleukin 1 to interleukin 15, tumor necrosis factor- ⁇ , tumor necrosis factor- ⁇ , high mobility group box-1, erythropoietin or monocyte chemoattractant
- Leukin-8 is preferred as the target for adsorption.
- Inflammatory disease refers to all diseases in which an inflammatory reaction is induced in the body, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, malignant rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, drug-induced hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, hepatitis E, sepsis (e.g.
- Gram-negative sepsis Gram-positive sepsis, culture-negative sepsis and fungal sepsis
- influenza acute respiratory distress syndrome
- ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome
- acute respiratory facilitation syndrome is also transcribed.
- acute lung injury ALI
- pancreatitis idiopathic interstitial pneumonia
- Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis IPF
- inflammatory enteritis e.g., ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
- transfusion of blood products organ transplantation, reperfusion injury after organ transplantation, cholecystitis, cholangitis, or neonatal blood group incompatibility, etc. be done.
- hepatitis E sepsis (e.g. Gram-negative sepsis, Gram-positive sepsis, culture-negative sepsis, fungal sepsis), influenza, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute lung injury, pancreatitis or idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is preferred as a therapeutic target.
- sepsis e.g. Gram-negative sepsis, Gram-positive sepsis, culture-negative sepsis, fungal sepsis
- influenza acute respiratory distress syndrome
- acute lung injury pancreatitis or idiopathic interstitial pneumonia
- pancreatitis or idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is preferred as a therapeutic target.
- the use of the adsorption column of the present embodiment for example, the use for treatment of the above-mentioned inflammatory diseases is preferable. Among them, it is difficult to treat with drugs alone, and both cytokines and activated leukocytes-activated platelets are involved.
- sepsis e.g
- Adsorption means a state in which a specific substance adheres to a material and does not easily peel off.
- states of adhesion due to ionic interactions such as electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals forces such as hydrogen bonds, adhesion of cells, phagocytosis of leukocytes, etc. means the biologically attached state of It is preferable that the blood component-adsorbing material of the present embodiment can adsorb by van der Waals force.
- the blood component-adsorbing material of the present embodiment can be produced, for example, by the following method, but is not limited to this method.
- the production of porous particles consisting only of the first polymer can be achieved by adding a monomer having an aromatic hydrocarbon group, a cross-linking agent, a dispersant and an initiator in suspension polymerization.
- the monomer includes styrene, ethylvinylbenzene, or divinylbenzene, which are vinyl monomers having an aromatic ring, and preferably contains at least divinylbenzene.
- Cross-linking agents include divinylbenzene
- dispersing agents include polyvinyl alcohol
- initiators include benzoyl peroxide.
- the commercially available divinylbenzene monomer is generally a mixture with ethylvinylbenzene
- the first polymer obtained by polymerization of divinylbenzene is the copolymer poly(ethylvinylbenzene/divinylbenzene).
- the particle size of the porous particles can be made smaller by increasing the concentration of the dispersant.
- the pore volume of porous particles can be increased by decreasing the monomer concentration, increasing the initiator concentration, and decreasing the cross-linking agent concentration (for example, divinylbenzene concentration).
- a method of immobilizing the second polymer on the porous particles includes, for example, a method of dissolving the second polymer in an organic solvent and adding or coating the porous particles in the solution, or a method of adding an amine compound to the surface of the porous particles. is immobilized and reacted with the terminal structure of the second polymer as a linker.
- the organic solvent includes N,N-dimethylformamide, diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, toluene, xylene, Hexane or ethyl acetate are preferred, and N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, toluene or ethyl acetate are particularly preferred.
- the concentration of the second polymer in the organic solvent is preferably 1-10%, more preferably 5%.
- a commercially available second polymer can be used.
- the terminal structure of the second polymer is a hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acid group, or an epoxy group.
- a urea group, a carboxylic anhydride group, etc. are immobilized, and the amine compound is subjected to a condensation reaction with an amine or a carboxylic acid.
- Immobilization of the amine compound to the porous particles can be achieved by further immobilizing a functional group that serves as a linker to the aromatic ring contained in the first polymer.
- the functional group that serves as a linker is not limited, but examples thereof include a halogenated alkyl group, a carboxylic acid group and an epoxy group.
- the amine compound to be immobilized is preferably ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, polyethyleneimine, glycine, etc., preferably ethylenediamine or glycine. These can use what is marketed.
- the reaction solvent is preferably N,N-dimethylformamide, diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran or dimethylsulfoxide, more preferably dimethylsulfoxide.
- Examples of the base include organic bases such as triethylamine or 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, and inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, with organic bases such as triethylamine being preferred.
- the concentration of the amine compound in the reaction solution is preferably 50 mM to 1000 mM, more preferably 50 mM to 100 mM.
- the immobilization of halogenated alkyl groups can be produced, for example, by introducing a halogenated hydroxyalkyl compound into porous particles in the presence of a catalyst.
- the halogenated hydroxyalkyl compound is preferably, for example, N-hydroxymethyl-2-chloroacetamide, and commercially available products can be used.
- reaction solvents include nitrobenzene, nitropropane, chlorobenzene, toluene or xylene, with nitrobenzene or nitropropane being preferred.
- Catalysts include, for example, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, or Lewis acids such as aluminum(III) halides (e.g., aluminum(III) chloride) or iron(III) halides (e.g., iron(III) chloride). , sulfuric acid is preferred.
- Lewis acids such as aluminum(III) halides (e.g., aluminum(III) chloride) or iron(III) halides (e.g., iron(III) chloride).
- sulfuric acid is preferred.
- the concentration of the catalyst in the reaction liquid is preferably 5 wt% to 80 wt%, more preferably 30 wt% to 70 wt%.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 0°C to 90°C, more preferably 5°C to 40°C.
- the reaction time is preferably 1 minute to 120 hours, more preferably 5 minutes to 24 hours.
- the immobilized amount of the second polymer on the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material and the immobilized amount of the second polymer on the whole average of the blood component-adsorbing material are controlled by coating the second polymer with an organic polymer. It can be increased by increasing the concentration of the second polymer in the solvent, by increasing the coating temperature, or by decreasing the molecular weight of the second polymer, respectively.
- the immobilized amount of the second polymer on the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material and the immobilized amount of the second polymer on the whole average of the blood component-adsorbing material are , can be controlled by increasing the concentration of the second polymer during immobilization, increasing the temperature, or reacting for a longer period of time.
- the above blood component-adsorbing material is preferably used as a material to be filled in a container forming the outer shape of the adsorption column.
- the shape of the container forming the outer shape of the adsorption column may be any container that can be filled with the blood component-adsorbing material and has an inlet and an outlet for blood.
- a prismatic container such as a columnar or octagonal prismatic container can be used.
- the adsorption column provided with the blood component-adsorbing material can be suitably used for the treatment of bacterial-derived infectious diseases for extracorporeal circulation used for the treatment of bacterial-derived infectious diseases.
- an adsorption column provided with the above-mentioned blood component-adsorbing material is connected to a patient via a blood circuit, and body fluid taken from the patient is passed through the above-mentioned adsorption column and returned to the patient.
- the extracorporeal circulation method is preferred.
- the treatment time for body fluids is preferably continuous treatment, more preferably 4 hours or longer, and even more preferably 24 hours or longer.
- the adsorption column comprising the above adsorption material may be used in combination with other body fluid treatment methods and medical devices.
- Other body fluid treatment methods and medical devices include, for example, plasmapheresis, peritoneal dialysis, plasma separators, hemofilters, heart-lung machines, or ECMO.
- a method for evaluating the adsorption performance of blood component adsorption materials there is a method for evaluating the adsorption rate of leukocytes.
- a method for calculating the adsorption rate of leukocytes for example, a container having an inlet and an outlet is filled with a blood component adsorbing material, a liquid containing leukocytes is passed through, and changes in their concentrations at the inlet and outlet are used to determine the number of leukocytes.
- a method of calculating each adsorption rate can be mentioned.
- White blood cell concentration can be measured by a commercially available multi-item blood cell analyzer, and specifically, it can be measured by the following method.
- a cylindrical column (inner diameter 1 cm ⁇ height 5.14 cm) having upper and lower blood inlets and outlets filled with 3.1 mL of the blood component adsorbing material is prepared.
- Human blood kept at 37° C. (external temperature) was passed through this column at a flow rate of 1.9 mL/min for 5 minutes, and after 5 minutes the blood at the column inlet and the blood components at the column outlet were analyzed.
- Calculate the leukocyte adsorption rate of the adsorption material The measurement of each blood component is performed using a multi-item automatic blood cell analyzer XT-1800i (manufactured by Sysmex Corporation).
- the leukocyte adsorption rate can be calculated by Equation 3 below.
- White blood cell adsorption rate (%) of the blood component adsorption material ⁇ (total number of granulocytes and monocytes in column inlet blood) - (total number of granulocytes and monocytes in column outlet blood) ⁇ /(column inlet blood) Total number of granulocytes and monocytes) ⁇ 100 Formula 3
- leukocytes are cells and include measurement variations in the adsorption rate, it can be determined that significant removal is achieved if the adsorption rate is 20% or more.
- the leukocyte adsorption performance is sufficiently developed if the adsorption rate is 20% or more, and an adsorption rate of 50% or more is more preferable.
- the blood component-adsorbing material of the present invention adsorbs leukocytes by van der Waals force, it is considered that the difference in the removal rate derived from leukocyte components is small. Therefore, if the leukocyte adsorption rate exceeds 20% or more, each of the individual leukocyte components, monocytes, neutrophils, and granulocytes, is removed by 20% or more, and is significantly removed even when measurement variations are considered. It is thought that
- the method for evaluating the adsorption rate of each of monocytes, neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils can be evaluated by the following procedures 1) to 4).
- a cylindrical column (inner diameter 1 cm ⁇ height 5.14 cm) having upper and lower blood inlets and outlets filled with 3.1 mL of the blood component adsorption material 4 is prepared.
- Human blood kept at 37° C. (external temperature) is passed through the column at a flow rate of 1.9 mL/min for 5 minutes.
- Cytokines are substances that are preferably removed from the blood in order to improve the condition of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it can be judged that the greater the amount of decrease in concentration due to impregnation, the higher the blood component adsorption performance. Cytokines include interleukin-1 ⁇ , interleukin-6, interleukin-8, high-mobility group protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor- ⁇ . It is more preferable in that it is an effective biomarker.
- Adsorption of cytokines to the blood component-adsorbing material is considered to be an equilibrium reaction derived from intermolecular forces such as van der Waals forces. Adsorption equilibrium is assumed to be reached.
- the cytokine adsorption rate is preferably 100% in 4 hours, and since it is time-dependent, it can be considered that the adsorption performance is sufficiently developed if it is 50% or more in 2 hours. can.
- Performance deterioration due to sterilization of the blood component-adsorbing material can be evaluated by the following procedures 1) to 5).
- a column filled with the obtained blood component-adsorbing material after sterilization and a column filled with the blood component-adsorbing material before sterilization are prepared.
- the performance deterioration rate is less than 50% because it is possible to reduce the elution of decomposition products from the blood component-adsorbing material.
- the platelet adsorption rate of the blood component-adsorbing material can be evaluated by the following procedures 1) to 4).
- a cylindrical column (inner diameter 1 cm ⁇ height 5.14 cm) having upper and lower blood inlets and outlets filled with 3.1 mL of blood component adsorbing material is prepared.
- Nafamostat mesylate, an anticoagulant was added to the column at 37°C (external temperature) to a concentration of 200 ⁇ g/mL, and the solution was quickly passed through the column at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min for 5 minutes. do.
- the platelet adsorption rate is not limited, in order to prevent the formation of aggregates in the blood circulation and to make clogging more difficult, the platelet adsorption rate is preferably 50% or less, and 20%. The following are more preferable.
- the blood component-adsorbing material of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- wt% means weight%.
- M represents mol/L
- mM represents mmol/L.
- the weights of the blood component-adsorbing material, porous particles, first polymer, and second polymer represent dry weights.
- the absorbance was measured at room temperature using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-1280; manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). A blank measurement was performed in advance before the absorbance measurement, and background peaks were subtracted. Infrared absorption spectra were measured by the following method unless otherwise specified.
- the degree of saponification of polyvinyl alcohol is synonymous with the abundance of hydroxyl groups in the repeating units, and the remaining repeating units that are not saponified are polyvinyl acetate.
- the remaining repeating units that are not saponified are polyvinyl acetate.
- 90 mol % of the repeats are polyvinyl acetate and 10 mol % are polyvinyl alcohol.
- thermocouple A 500 mL three-necked flask was equipped with a stirrer, a Dimroth condenser, a thermocouple and a whisk to form a reactor, and the temperature was controlled with a mantle heater while measuring the temperature with the thermocouple.
- the total amount of the PVA aqueous solution was added to the reactor and heated to 70° C.
- the total amount of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution was added to form an aqueous phase.
- 106 g of divinylbenzene (hereinafter referred to as DVB), 116 g of cyclohexanol, 11 g of polypropylene glycol (hereinafter referred to as PPG) and 1.1 g of benzoyl peroxide (hereinafter referred to as BPO) were mixed to form an organic phase.
- the organic phase was poured over the aqueous phase of the reactor and the stirrer was turned on to ensure that the droplets were dispersed. When the temperature reached 80° C., the reaction was started and continued for 16 hours.
- the powder was sieved to uniform the particle size, and dried with a hot air dryer at 100°C.
- the resulting porous particles were designated as Blood Component Adsorbing Material 1, in which the first polymer was poly(ethylbenzene/divinylbenzene) and no linker was included.
- the presence of the first polymer in the blood component-adsorbing material 1 can be confirmed by measuring the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the blood component-adsorbing material 1 and detecting the C—H out-of-plane deformation vibration peak derived from the disubstituted aromatic compound. (800 cm ⁇ 1 ) exists.
- NMCA N-methylol- ⁇ -chloroacetamide
- PFA paraformaldehyde
- EDA Ethylenediamine
- DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
- an amide bond is added to the aromatic ring via a methylene group, an amino group is added to the surface side, and an amide bond is added to the surface side via an ethylene group. It was obtained as a blood component adsorption material 2 having a structure.
- the fact that the blood component-adsorbing material 2 contains the second polymer was confirmed by measuring the infrared absorption spectrum of the blood component-adsorbing material 2 and confirming the presence of a hydroxyl group-derived peak (3340 cm ⁇ 1 ).
- a blood component-adsorbing material 4 was obtained by manufacturing in the same procedure as the blood component-adsorbing material 2, except that the saponification rate of the immobilizing PVA (saponification rate: 10%, degree of polymerization: 500) was changed from 10% to 95%. .
- a blood component-adsorbing material 5 was obtained by manufacturing in the same manner as the blood component 4, except that the amount of PVA added for immobilization was changed from 10 mg to 3 mg.
- a blood component adsorbing material 6 was obtained by manufacturing in the same manner as for the blood component 4, except that the amount of PVA added for immobilization was changed from 10 mg to 20 mg.
- a blood component adsorbing material 7 was obtained by manufacturing in the same manner as the blood component 4, except that the amount of PVA added for immobilization was changed from 10 mg to 25 mg.
- a blood component adsorbing material 5 was obtained by manufacturing in the same manner as the blood component 4, except that the amount of PVA added for immobilization was changed from 10 mg to 5 mg.
- Chlorinated particles were prepared by the same procedure as the blood component-adsorbing material 2. Furthermore, glycine (hereinafter referred to as GL) was dissolved in a mixed solution of 0.2 g of triethylamine and 51 g of DMSO so that the addition concentration was 0.8 M, chlorinated particles were added, and impregnated at 40° C. for 3 hours. The particles were filtered onto a glass filter and washed with 500 mL of DMSO. After washing with DMSO, the particles were further washed with 60 mL of distilled water, and then washed with 3 L of distilled water and physiological saline to obtain GLized particles.
- GL glycine
- PHEMA poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
- the GL particles were produced in the same procedure as the blood component-adsorbing material 11 . Further, 0.5 g of GL particles, 10 mg of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, 10 mg of dextran sulfate (degree of polymerization: 30) and 10 mL of water were mixed and reacted for 24 hours. The obtained porous particles were taken out on a filter paper, and 200 mL of methanol was poured over the particles to wash them while suction filtering. Only the porous particles were removed from the filter paper with a spatula and dried in a warm air dryer at 50°C for 24 hours.
- a blood component-adsorbing material 12 on which dextran sulfate was immobilized was obtained.
- Blood component adsorption material 16 Blood component adsorption material 2 except that PVA for immobilization (saponification rate 10%) was changed to PVA for immobilization (saponification rate 100%, polymerization degree 10000), and the solvent for adding EDA particles was changed from water to isopropanol.
- a blood component adsorbing material 16 was obtained by manufacturing in the same procedure as .
- a blood component adsorbing material 17 was obtained in the same manner as the blood component adsorbing material 11 except that poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was changed to poly(4-hydroxybutyl acrylate) (degree of polymerization: 80).
- a blood component-adsorbing material 18 was obtained by manufacturing in the same manner as the blood component-adsorbing material 12 except that lactose was used instead of dextran sulfate.
- a blood component-adsorbing material 19 was obtained by manufacturing in the same manner as the blood component-adsorbing material 12 except that dextran sulfate was changed to dextran (degree of polymerization: 250).
- a blood component adsorbing material 20 was obtained by manufacturing in the same procedure as the blood component adsorbing material 4, except that the porous particles used were changed to polystyrene porous particles.
- Epoxy group-containing porous particles were obtained in the same manner as the blood component-adsorbing material 1, except that 106 g of DVB to be added was changed to a mixture of 90 g of DVB and 16 g of glycidyl ether containing no aromatic hydrocarbon group. 1 g of the epoxy group-containing porous particles was added to 50 mL of a 6 N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and heated at 60° C. for 24 hours to open the epoxy groups and convert them into diol group-containing porous particles consisting of two hydroxyl groups.
- the particles were taken out from the solution and washed repeatedly with water until the washing liquid was no longer colored by phenolphthalein. free of the washed linker and second polymer, the first polymer being poly(ethylvinylbenzene/divinylbenzene/glycidyl ether ring-opening product), and the aromatic hydrocarbon group in the first polymer A diol group-containing porous particle in which repeating units not containing are present was used as the blood component adsorbing material 21 .
- a blood component-adsorbing material 22 was obtained in which an amino group was added via a methylene group and an ester group was added to the surface side via a methylene group.
- Pore volume measurement of blood component-adsorbing material 1 1 g of the blood component-adsorbing material 1 was impregnated in 10 mL of pure water, and the container containing the solution was degassed with an aspirator for 10 minutes while being subjected to an ultrasonic cleaner. The obtained blood component-adsorbing material 1 in a water-containing state was taken out immediately before the DSC measurement, and water adhering to the surface was removed to such an extent that water droplets could not be seen visually.
- the aluminum sealed sample container was set in a DSC Q100 (manufactured by TA Instruments) that had undergone temperature and calorific value calibration (melting point 0.0 ° C., heat of fusion 79.7 cal / g) with pure water in advance, and a blank Weighed.
- a measurement sample was placed in DSC Q100, and the weight was measured.
- a sample weight was obtained by subtracting the blank weight from the obtained weight.
- the measurement sample was rapidly cooled to ⁇ 55° C. and heated to 5° C.
- Pore volumes per 1 g of the blood component-adsorbing materials 16 to 22 were measured in the same manner as the pore volume per 1 g of the blood component-adsorbing material 1 was measured. Table 2 shows the results.
- the blood component-adsorbing material 1 was dried in a warm air dryer at 60°C for 4 hours. Taking the weight of the blood component-adsorbing material 1 obtained after drying as the dry weight of the blood component-adsorbing material 1, 1 g was weighed and set aside. After that, the sample was immersed in tetrahydrofuran at 90°C or higher, 6N hydrochloric acid, and 6N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution overnight, washed 5 times with ion-exchanged water, put in a vacuum dryer for 12 hours, and weighed again.
- the obtained value is defined as the post-elution weight of the blood component-adsorbing material 1
- the value obtained from the formula 10 is rounded off to two decimal places
- the content of the second polymer in the whole average of the blood component-adsorbing material 1 is calculated as Calculated.
- Table 1 shows the results.
- Second polymer content (mg/g) in overall average of blood component-adsorbing material 1 ⁇ dry weight (1000 mg) ⁇ weight after elution (mg) ⁇ /1 g Equation 10
- Second polymer content (mg/g) on surface of blood component-adsorbing material 1 second polymer content (mg/g) in whole average of blood component-adsorbing material 1 ⁇ blood component-adsorbing material Peak absorption intensity derived from OH groups on the surface of 1/Peak absorption intensity derived from CH expansion/contraction on the surface of blood component-adsorbing material 1 ⁇ / ⁇ Peak absorption intensity derived from OH groups on average of blood component-adsorbing material 1/blood component adsorption Overall average peak absorption intensity derived from CH stretching of material 1 ⁇ Equation 11
- first polymer means the name of the first polymer contained in the blood component-adsorbing material
- second polymer means the name of the second polymer contained in the blood component-adsorbing material. 2 refers to the name of the polymer.
- Example 1 In order to confirm the adsorption performance of the blood component-adsorbing material 2, blood was passed through a column filled with the blood component-adsorbing material 2 for a predetermined period of time, and the amount of leukocyte reduction in the solution was measured before and after passing through the column, and the leukocyte adsorption rate was calculated. .
- the method for measuring and calculating the leukocyte adsorption rate is shown below.
- a column was prepared by packing 3.1 mL of the blood component-adsorbing material 2 into a cylindrical column (inner diameter 1 cm ⁇ height 5.14 cm) having upper and lower inlets and outlets for blood.
- Human blood kept at 37° C. (external temperature) was passed through this column at a flow rate of 1.9 mL/min for 5 minutes, and after 5 minutes the blood at the column inlet and the blood components at the column outlet were analyzed.
- the leukocyte adsorption rate of adsorption material 2 was calculated. Table 1 shows the results.
- the measurement of each blood component was performed using a multi-item automatic blood cell analyzer XT-1800i (manufactured by Sysmex Corporation).
- the adsorption rate of each blood component was calculated by Equation 12 below.
- Table 3 shows the results.
- White blood cell adsorption rate (%) of blood component adsorbing material 2 ⁇ (total number of granulocytes and monocytes in blood at column inlet)-(total number of granulocytes and monocytes in blood at column outlet) ⁇ /(in blood at column inlet of granulocytes and monocytes) ⁇ 100
- Formula 12
- the blood component adsorption material 2 was placed in a 0.1 mL polypropylene container.
- Fetal bovine serum (hereinafter referred to as FBS) prepared to have an IL-8 concentration of 2000 pg/mL was added to this container so that 30 mL per 1 cm 3 of the blood component adsorption material 2 was added.
- FBS Fetal bovine serum
- ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent
- IL-8 adsorption rate (%) of blood component adsorbing material 2 ⁇ IL-8 concentration before inversion mixing (pg/mL) - IL-8 concentration after inversion mixing (pg/mL) ⁇ / IL before inversion mixing -8 concentration (pg / mL) ⁇ 100 Formula 13
- Example 2 Using the blood component-adsorbing materials 3-6 and 8-15, the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed to measure the leukocyte adsorption rate and the IL-8 adsorption rate. Table 3 shows the results.
- Example 1 Using the blood component-adsorbing materials 1 and 7, the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed to measure the leukocyte adsorption rate and the IL-8 adsorption rate. Table 3 shows the results.
- leukocyte adsorption rate means the leukocyte adsorption rate of the blood component adsorption material
- IL-8 adsorption rate means the IL-8 adsorption rate of the blood component adsorption material.
- the results in Table 3 show that the blood component-adsorbing material of the present embodiment adsorbs blood components such as leukocytes with high efficiency.
- Example 3 Using the blood component-adsorbing material 16, the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed to measure the leukocyte adsorption rate and the IL-8 adsorption rate. Table 5 shows the results.
- Example 4 Leukocyte adsorption rate and IL-8 adsorption rate were measured by performing the same measurement as in Example 1 using the blood component adsorption material 17 . Table 5 shows the results.
- Example 5 Leukocyte adsorption rate and IL-8 adsorption rate were measured by performing the same measurement as in Example 1 using the blood component adsorption material 19 . Table 5 shows the results.
- Example 6 Using the blood component-adsorbing material 20, the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed to measure the leukocyte adsorption rate and the IL-8 adsorption rate. Table 5 shows the results.
- Example 7 Using the blood component-adsorbing material 22, the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed to measure the leukocyte adsorption rate and the IL-8 adsorption rate. Table 5 shows the results.
- Example 8 A cylindrical column (inner diameter 1 cm ⁇ height 5.14 cm) having upper and lower blood inlets and outlets filled with 3.1 mL of the blood component adsorbing material 4 was prepared. Human blood kept at 37° C. (external temperature) was passed through this column at a flow rate of 1.9 mL/min for 5 minutes. After 5 minutes, the blood at the column inlet and the blood at the column outlet were sampled, and monocyte counts, neutrophil counts, basophil counts, and eosinophil counts were measured using a multi-item automatic hematology analyzer XT-1800i (manufactured by Sysmex Corporation), respectively.
- XT-1800i manufactured by Sysmex Corporation
- Example 9 5 mL of the blood component adsorption material 4 and 25 mL of distilled water were placed in a 50 mL centrifuge tube.
- a sterilized blood component-adsorbing material 4 was obtained by performing gamma ray irradiation with an absorbed dose of 40 kGy. Measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blood component-adsorbing material 2 was changed to the blood component-adsorbing material 4 after sterilization, and the obtained leukocyte adsorption rate was defined as the leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization.
- Example 10 Measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the blood component-adsorbing material 4 was changed to the blood component-adsorbing material 12, and the leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization was obtained. Furthermore, using the leukocyte adsorption rate of the blood component-adsorbing material 12 of Example 2 and the leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization, the value obtained from Equation 8 is rounded to the first decimal place, and the blood component-adsorbing material 12 before and after sterilization is performance degradation rate was calculated. Table 4 shows the results.
- Example 11 Measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 9, except that the blood component-adsorbing material 4 was changed to the blood component-adsorbing material 17, and the leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization was obtained. Furthermore, using the leukocyte adsorption rate of the blood component adsorbent material 17 of Example 4 and the leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization, the value obtained from Equation 8 is rounded to one decimal place, and the blood component adsorbent material 17 before and after sterilization is performance degradation rate was calculated. Table 4 shows the results.
- Example 12 Measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 9, except that the blood component-adsorbing material 4 was changed to the blood component-adsorbing material 19, and the leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization was obtained. Furthermore, using the leukocyte adsorption rate of the blood component-adsorbing material 19 of Example 5 and the leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization, the value obtained from Equation 8 is rounded to the first decimal place, and the blood component-adsorbing material 19 before and after sterilization is obtained. performance degradation rate was calculated. Table 4 shows the results.
- leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization means the leukocyte adsorption rate after sterilization of the blood component-adsorbing material
- performance decrease rate before and after sterilization means the performance decrease rate before and after sterilization of the blood component-adsorbing material.
- the blood component-adsorbing material of the present embodiment containing the synthetic polymers polyvinyl alcohol and poly(4-hydroxybutyl acrylate) as the second polymer contains the natural polymers dextran sulfate and dextran. It was shown that the performance deterioration rate before and after sterilization was smaller than that of the blood component-adsorbing material of this embodiment containing the second polymer.
- Example 13 A cylindrical column (inner diameter 1 cm ⁇ height 5.14 cm) having upper and lower blood inlets and outlets filled with 3.1 mL of the blood component adsorbing material 4 was prepared.
- the blood at the column inlet and the column outlet blood were sampled, and the platelet count was obtained using a multi-item automatic blood cell analyzer XT-1800i (manufactured by Sysmex Corporation).
- the platelet adsorption rate of the blood component-adsorbing material 4 was calculated by rounding off the value obtained using Equation 9 to the first decimal place. Table 7 shows the results.
- Example 14 Measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the blood component-adsorbing material 4 was changed to the blood component-adsorbing material 25, and the platelet adsorption rate of the blood component-adsorbing material 25 was calculated. Table 7 shows the results.
- Example 3 Using the blood component-adsorbing material 21, the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed to measure the leukocyte adsorption rate and the IL-8 adsorption rate. Table 5 shows the results.
- Example 4 Measurements and calculations were performed in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the blood component-adsorbing material 4 was changed to the blood component-adsorbing material 18. rate and eosinophil count removal rate were calculated. Table 6 shows the results.
- monocyte adsorption rate means the monocyte adsorption rate of the blood component adsorption material
- neutralil adsorption rate means the neutrophil adsorption rate of the blood component adsorption material
- basophil adsorption rate means the neutrophil adsorption rate of the blood component adsorption material.
- adsorption rate means the basophil adsorption rate of the blood component adsorption material
- eosinophil adsorption rate means the eosinophil adsorption rate of the blood component adsorption material.
- the platelet adhesion rate means the platelet adhesion rate of the blood component adsorption material.
- the results in Table 7 show that the blood component-adsorbing material of the present embodiment can suppress the platelet adsorption rate, and in particular, the platelet adsorption rate of the blood component-adsorbing material containing an amide bond in the linker is particularly suppressed. .
- the blood component-adsorbing material of the present invention can adsorb leukocytes and the like with high efficiency, it is an adsorption carrier for columns used for the purpose of treating inflammatory diseases, immunosuppressing before transplantation, and suppressing side effects of blood products such as fever and infectious diseases. can be used as
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Abstract
Description
(1) 繰り返し単位に芳香族炭化水素基を有する第1の重合体のみからなる多孔粒子と、上記多孔粒子表面に固定化された、繰り返し単位に水酸基を有する第2の重合体と、を有し、血液成分吸着材料の表面における上記第2の重合体の含有率が3~30mg/gである、血液成分吸着材料。
(2) 上記血液成分吸着材料の全体平均における上記第2の重合体の含有率は、0.3mg/g以下であり、1gあたりの細孔体積は、0.5~1.8cm3である、(1)記載の血液成分吸着材料。
(3) 上記第1の重合体は、ポリスチレン、ポリエチルビニルベンゼン、ポリジビニルベンゼン、ポリ(エチルビニルベンゼン/ジビニルベンゼン)又はポリ(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン)である、(1)又は(2)記載の血液成分吸着材料。
(4) 上記第2の重合体は、ポリヒドロキシアルキルアクリレート、ポリヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレート及びポリビニルアルコールからなる群から選択される重合体である、(1)~(3)のいずれか記載の血液成分吸着材料。
(5) 白血球吸着除去用である、(1)~(4)のいずれか記載の血液成分吸着材料。
(6) (1)~(5)のいずれか記載の血液成分吸着材料を備える、血液浄化カラム。
血液成分吸着材料の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率(mg/g)={乾燥重量(1000mg)-溶出後重量(mg)}/1g ・・・式1
血液成分吸着材料の表面における第2の重合体の含有率(mg/g)=血液成分吸着材料の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率(mg/g)×{血液成分吸着材料の表面のOH基由来のピーク吸収強度/血液成分吸着材料の表面のCH伸縮由来のピーク吸収強度}/{血液成分吸着材料の全体平均のOH基由来のピーク吸収強度/血液成分吸着材料の全体平均のCH伸縮由来のピーク吸収強度} ・・・式2
血液成分吸着材料の白血球吸着率(%)={(カラム入口血液中の顆粒球、単球の総数)-(カラム出口血液中の顆粒球、単球の総数)}/(カラム入口血液中の顆粒球、単球の総数)×100 ・・・式3
1)上下に血液の出入り口のある円筒状カラム(内径1cm×高さ5.14cm)に、3.1mLの血液成分吸着材料4を充填したカラムを作製する。
2)カラムに、37℃(外温)で保温したヒト血液を、流量1.9mL/minで5分間通液する。
3)5分後にカラム入口血液とカラム出口血液をサンプリングし、多項目自動血球分析装置XT-1800i(シスメックス株式会社製)を用いて、単球数、好中球数及び好塩基球数、好酸球数のそれぞれの値を得る。
4)下記式4~7を用いて、それぞれ得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料の単球除去率、好中球除去率、好塩基球除去率及び好酸球除去率を算出する。
血液成分吸着材料の単球吸着率(%)={(カラム入口血液中の単球数)-(カラム出口血液中の単球数)}/(カラム入口中の単球数)×100 ・・・式4
血液成分吸着材料の好中球吸着率(%)={(カラム入口血液中の好中球数)-(カラム出口血液中の好中球数)}/(カラム入口中の好中球数)×100 ・・・式5
血液成分吸着材料の好塩基球吸着率(%)={(カラム入口血液中の好塩基球数)-(カラム出口中の好塩基球数)}/(カラム入口血液中の好塩基球数)×100 ・・・式6
血液成分吸着材料の好酸球吸着率(%)={(カラム入口血液中の好酸球数)-(カラム出口中の好酸球数)}/(カラム入口血液中の好酸数)×100 ・・・式7
1)あらかじめ血液成分吸着材料の白血球吸着率を測定する。
2)血液成分吸着材料5mLと25mLの蒸留水を50mL遠沈管に入れ、吸収線量を40kGyとしてガンマ線照射を行うことで滅菌後の血液成分吸着材料を得る。
3)得られた滅菌後の血液成分吸着材料を充填したカラムと、滅菌前の血液成分吸着材料を充填したカラムを作製する。
4)それぞれのカラムに、37℃(外温)で保温したヒト血液を、流量1.9mL/minで5分間通液する。
5)5分後にカラム入口血液とカラム出口血液をサンプリングし、多項目自動血球分析装置XT-1800i(シスメックス株式会社製)を用いて白血球吸着率を測定し、下記式8を用いて得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料の滅菌前後の性能低下率を算出する。
血液成分吸着材料の滅菌前後の性能低下率(%)=100×{(血液成分吸着材料の白血球吸着率)-(血液成分吸着材料の滅菌後の白血球吸着率)}/(血液成分吸着材料の白血球吸着率)・・・式8
1)上下に血液の出入り口のある円筒状カラム(内径1cm×高さ5.14cm)に、3.1mLの血液成分吸着材料を充填したカラムを作製する。
2)カラムに、37℃(外温)で保温したヒト血液に、抗凝固剤のメシル酸ナファモスタットを200μg/mLになるように添加し、すみやかに流量0.7mL/minで5分間通液する。
3)5分後にカラム入口血液とカラム出口血液をサンプリングし、多項目自動血球分析装置XT-1800i(シスメックス株式会社製)を用いて血小板数を得る。
4)下記式9を用いて、得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料の血小板吸着率を算出する。
血液成分吸着材料の血小板吸着率(%)=100×{(カラム入口血液中の血小板数)-(カラム出口血液中の血小板数)}/(カラム入口血液中の血小板数) ・・・式9
500mLの三ツ口フラスコに攪拌機、ジムロート冷却器、熱電対及び泡立て器を取り付けて反応器とし、熱電対で温度を測定しながらマントルヒーターで温度制御を行った。
多孔粒子の製造:
ポリビニルアルコール(以下、PVA)0.68gを溶かしたPVA水溶液115mLと、リン酸1ナトリウム(以下、MSP)0.71g、リン酸2ナトリウム(以下、DSP)2.36g、リン酸3ナトリウム(以下、TSP)0.01g、及び亜硝酸ナトリウム0.01gを溶かしたリン酸水溶液115mLをそれぞれ作製した。PVA水溶液を全量反応器に添加し、70℃まで加熱した後にリン酸水溶液を全量添加し、水相とした。さらに、ジビニルベンゼン(以下、DVB)106g、シクロヘキサノール116g、ポリプロピレングリコール(以下、PPG)11g、過酸化ベンゾイル(以下、BPO)1.1gを混合し、有機相とした。有機相を反応器の水相の上に注ぎ、攪拌機を起動して攪拌し、液滴が分散していることを確認した。温度が80℃に達したところで反応開始として、16時間反応を継続した。
N-メチロール-α-クロロアセトアミド(以下、NMCA)2.4gをニトロベンゼン31gと濃硫酸31gの混合溶液に添加、NMCAが溶解するまで10℃で攪拌して、NMCA溶液とした。次に、ニトロベンゼン2.0g、濃硫酸2.0gにパラホルムアルデヒド(以下、PFA)0.2gを添加し、PFAが溶解するまで20℃で攪拌し、PFA溶液とした。PFA溶液4.2gを5℃に冷却し、NMCA溶液に混合、5分間攪拌し、血液成分吸着材料1を1g添加して2時間含浸した。含浸後の血液成分吸着材料1を0℃のニトロベンゼン200mL中に浸して反応を停止させた後、当該多孔粒子に付着しているニトロベンゼンをメタノールで洗浄し、クロロ化粒子を得た。
固定化用PVA(けん化率10%、重合度500)のけん化率を10%から35%に変更した以外は全て血液成分吸着材料2と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料3を得た。
固定化用PVA(けん化率10%、重合度500)のけん化率を10%から95%に変更した以外は全て血液成分吸着材料2と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料4を得た。
固定化用PVAの添加量を10mgから3mgに変更した以外は全て血液成分4と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料5を得た。
固定化用PVAの添加量を10mgから20mgに変更した以外は全て血液成分4と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料6を得た。
固定化用PVAの添加量を10mgから25mgに変更した以外は全て血液成分4と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料7を得た。
固定化用PVAの添加量を10mgから5mgに変更した以外は全て血液成分4と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料5を得た。
血液成分吸着材料1と同じ方法で得た多孔粒子1gと、ポリ(エチレン-ビニルアルコール)(ポリエチレン繰り返し単位含有率40%、重合度250)1gをトルエン20mL中に添加し、2時間攪拌した。得られた多孔粒子をろ紙のうえに取り出し、吸引ろ過しながらメタノール200mLを粒子に注いで洗浄した。ろ紙から多孔粒子のみをスパチュラではがしとり、50℃の温風乾燥機で24時間乾燥させた。リンカーを含まずに物理的固定化によりポリ(エチレン-ビニルアルコール)(ポリエチレン繰り返し単位含有率40%)が固定化された血液成分吸着材料9を得た。
PVA0.6gを溶かしたPVA水溶液115mLと、MSP0.71g、DSP2.4g、TSP0.01g、及び亜硝酸ナトリウム0.01gを溶かしたリン酸水溶液115mLをそれぞれ作製した。PVA水溶液を全量反応器に添加し、70℃まで加熱した後にリン酸水溶液を全量添加し、水相とした。さらに、DVB106g、シクロヘキサノール116g、PPG6.0g、BPO1.1g、PVA(けん化率95%、重合度500)3.0gを混合し、有機相とした。有機相を反応器の水相の上に注ぎ、攪拌機を起動して攪拌し、液滴が分散していることを確認した。温度が80℃に達したところで反応開始として、16時間反応を継続した。
血液成分吸着材料2と同じ手順でクロロ化粒子を作製した。さらに、トリエチルアミン0.2gとDMSO51gの混合溶液にグリシン(以下、GL)の添加濃度が0.8Mになるように溶解し、クロロ化粒子を添加し、40℃で3時間含浸させた。ガラスフィルター上に該粒子をろ別し、500mLのDMSOで洗浄した。DMSO洗浄後の該粒子を60mLの蒸留水でさらに洗浄し、をそれぞれ3Lの蒸留水及び生理食塩水で洗浄して、GL化粒子を得た。
血液成分吸着材料11と同じ手順でGL化粒子を作製した。さらに、GL化粒子0.5gと塩酸1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミドを10mg、デキストラン硫酸(重合度30)を10mg、水10mLを混和し、24時間反応させた。得られた多孔粒子をろ紙のうえに取り出し、吸引ろ過しながらメタノール200mLを粒子にかけて洗浄した。ろ紙から多孔粒子のみをスパチュラではがしとり、50℃の温風乾燥機で24時間乾燥させた。温風乾燥機から取り出し、リンカーとして芳香環にメチレン基を介してアミド結合が付与され、さらに表面側にアミノ基が付与され、さらに表面側にエチレン基を介してエステル基が付与された構造を有する、デキストラン硫酸が固定化された血液成分吸着材料12を得た。
多孔粒子の製造において、有機相をDVB120g、トルエン80g、イソオクタン90g、BPO1.1gを混合して調整した以外は血液成分吸着材料4と同じ手順で製造を行い、PVAが固定化された血液成分吸着材料13を得た。
多孔粒子の製造において、有機相をDVB130g、シクロヘキサノール116g、PPG)11g、過酸化ベンゾイル(BPO)1.3gを混合して調整した以外は血液成分吸着材料4と同じ手順で製造を行い、PVAが固定化された血液成分吸着材料14を得た。
多孔粒子の製造において、有機相をDVB83g、シクロヘキサノール116g、PPG38g、BPO0.8gを混合して調整した以外は血液成分吸着材料4と同じ手順で製造を行い、PVAが固定化された血液成分吸着材料15を得た。
固定化用PVA(けん化率10%)を固定用PVA(けん化率100%、重合度10000)に変更し、EDA化粒子を添加する溶媒を水からイソプロパノールに変更する以外は全て血液成分吸着材料2と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料16を得た。
ポリ(2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート)をポリ(4-ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート)(重合度80)に変更する以外は血液成分吸着材料11と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料17を得た。
デキストラン硫酸をラクトースに変更する以外は血液成分吸着材料12と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料18を得た。
デキストラン硫酸をデキストラン(重合度250)に変更する以外は血液成分吸着材料12と同じ手順で製造を行い、血液成分吸着材料19を得た。
ポリスチレン多孔粒子の製造:
添加するDVB106gをスチレン105gとDVB1gの混合物、PPGの添加量を11gから14g、BPOの添加量を1.1gから0.7gに変更する以外は血液成分吸着材料1と同じ手順で製造を行い、第1の重合体がポリ(スチレン/エチルビニルベンゼン/ジビニルベンゼン)である、ポリスチレン多孔粒子を得た。
水酸基含有多孔粒子の製造:
添加するDVB106gをDVB90gと芳香族炭化水素基を含まないグリシジルエーテル16gの混合物、に変更する以外は血液成分吸着材料1と同じ手順で製造を行い、エポキシ基含有多孔粒子を得た。エポキシ基含有多孔粒子1gを6規定の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液50mLに添加し、60℃で24時間加温することでエポキシ基を開環し、水酸基2つからなるジオール基含有多孔粒子に変換した。溶液から粒子のみ取り出し、洗浄液がフェノールフタレインで着色しなくなるまで水で繰り返し洗浄した。洗浄後のリンカー及び第2の重合体を含まず、第1の重合体がポリ(エチルビニルベンゼン/ジビニルベンゼン/グリシジルエーテル開環物)であり、第1の重合体中に芳香族炭化水素基を含まない繰り返し単位が存在するジオール基含有多孔粒子を血液成分吸着材料21とした。
クロロメチル基含有多孔粒子の製造:
添加するDVB106gをクロロメチルスチレン36gとDBV70gとの混合物に変更する以外は血液成分吸着材料1と同じ手順で製造を行い、第1の重合体がポリ(エチルビニルベンゼン/ジビニルベンゼン/クロロメチルスチレン)であるクロロメチル基含有多孔粒子を得た。
純水10mLに血液成分吸着材料1を1g含浸し、溶液が入った容器を超音波洗浄機にかけながらアスピレーターで10分間脱気した。得られた含水状態の血液成分吸着材料1をDSC測定直前に取り出し、目視で水滴が見えなくなる程度に表面付着水を除去した。次に、事前に純水で温度、熱量校正(融点0.0℃、融解熱量79.7cal/g)を行ったDSC Q100(TA Instruments社製)にアルミニウム製密封型試料容器をセットし、ブランク重量を測定した。続けて、血液成分吸着材料1を約6mg程度サンプリングしてアルミニウム製密封型試料容器に封入して測定試料とした。測定試料をDSC Q100に入れ、重量を測定した。得られた重量からブランク重量を差し引いた値をサンプル重量とした。続けて測定試料を-55℃に急冷し、5℃まで0.3℃/分で昇温させて示差走査熱量を測定し、DSC曲線を得た。その後、サンプル試料を取り出して110℃で2時間真空乾燥し、再度DSC Q100に入れて重量を測定し、真空乾燥前後の減少量を全水分量とした。得られたDSC曲線、全水分量、サンプル重量から、Ishikiriyamaらの方法(JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE、1995年、171巻、p.103-111)に従い、血液成分吸着材料1の1gあたりの細孔体積を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
血液成分吸着材料1の1gあたりの細孔体積の測定と同様の方法で、血液成分吸着材料2~15の1gあたりの細孔体積測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
血液成分吸着材料1の1gあたりの細孔体積の測定と同様の方法で、血液成分吸着材料16~22の1gあたりの細孔体積測定を行った。結果を表2に示す。
血液成分吸着材料1を60℃の温風乾燥機で4時間乾燥させた。得られた乾燥後の血液成分吸着材料1の重量を血液成分吸着材料1の乾燥重量として、1gを秤量、取り分けた。さらにその後90℃以上のテトラヒドロフラン、6規定の塩酸、6規定の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液にそれぞれ一晩含浸した後、イオン交換水で5回洗浄し、真空乾燥機に12時間かけ、再度重量測定を行い、得た値を血液成分吸着材料1の溶出後重量とし、式10から得られた値の小数点第2位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料1の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
血液成分吸着材料1の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率(mg/g)={乾燥重量(1000mg)-溶出後重量(mg)}/1g ・・・式10
Nicolet iS5 FT-IR(Thermo Scientific社製;iD5 ダイヤモンドATRアクセサリ付属、検出器:DTGS KBr、ビームスプリッタ:KBr)のAdvanced ATRモードを選択し、パラメーターを設定した(スキャン回数:16、データ間隔:0.241cm-1、自動大気補正:なし)。設定後、バックグラウンド測定実施した。バックグラウンド測定が終了後、あらかじめ60℃の温風乾燥機で4時間乾燥させた血液成分吸着材料1をプリズム上に敷き詰め、プレッシャーデバイスがロックするまでプリズムに押しつけ、バックグラウンド測定から20分以内に測定を開始し、血液成分吸着材料1の表面の赤外吸収スペクトルを得た。
血液成分吸着材料1の表面における第2の重合体の含有率(mg/g)=血液成分吸着材料1の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率(mg/g)×{血液成分吸着材料1の表面のOH基由来のピーク吸収強度/血液成分吸着材料1の表面のCH伸縮由来のピーク吸収強度}/{血液成分吸着材料1の全体平均のOH基由来のピーク吸収強度/血液成分吸着材料1の全体平均のCH伸縮由来のピーク吸収強度} ・・・式11
血液成分吸着材料1の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率の測定と同様の方法で、血液成分吸着材料2~15の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
血液成分吸着材料1の表面における第2の重合体の含有率の測定と同様の方法で、血液成分吸着材料2~15の表面における第2の重合体の含有率を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
血液成分吸着材料1の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率の測定と同様の方法で、血液成分吸着材料16~22の全体平均における第2の重合体の含有率を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
血液成分吸着材料1の表面における第2の重合体の含有率の測定と同様の方法で、血液成分吸着材料16~22の表面における第2の重合体の含有率を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
血液成分吸着材料2の吸着性能を確認するため、血液成分吸着材料2を充填したカラムに血液に所定時間通液し、通液前後の溶液中の白血球減少量を測定、白血球吸着率を算出した。以下に白血球吸着率の測定方法及び算出方法を示す。
血液成分吸着材料2の白血球吸着率(%)={(カラム入口血液中の顆粒球、単球の総数)-(カラム出口血液中の顆粒球、単球の総数)}/(カラム入口血液中の顆粒球、単球の総数)×100 ・・・式12
血液成分吸着材料2のIL-8吸着性能を確認するため、IL-8を含む液体に血液成分吸着材料2を所定時間含浸後に取り出し、含浸前後の液体中のIL-8量の差分からIL-8吸着率を測定した。以下に測定方法を示す。
血液成分吸着材料2のIL-8吸着率(%)={転倒混和前のIL-8濃度(pg/mL)―転倒混和後のIL-8濃度(pg/mL)}/転倒混和前のIL-8濃度(pg/mL)×100 ・・・式13
血液成分吸着材料3~6及び8~15を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表3に示す。
血液成分吸着材料1及び7を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表3に示す。
血液成分吸着材料16を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
血液成分吸着材料17を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
血液成分吸着材料19を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
血液成分吸着材料20を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
血液成分吸着材料22を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
上下に血液の出入り口のある円筒状カラム(内径1cm×高さ5.14cm)に、3.1mLの血液成分吸着材料4を充填したカラムを作製した。このカラムに、37℃(外温)で保温したヒト血液を、流量1.9mL/minで5分間通液した。5分後にカラム入口血液とカラム出口血液をサンプリングし、多項目自動血球分析装置XT-1800i(シスメックス株式会社製)を用いてそれぞれ単球数、好中球数、好塩基球数、好酸球数を得た。式4~7を用いて得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料4の単球除去率、好中球除去率、好塩基球除去率、好酸球除去率を算出した。結果を表6に示す。
血液成分吸着材料4を5mLと25mLの蒸留水を50mL遠沈管に入れた。吸収線量を40kGyとして、ガンマ線照射を行うことで滅菌後の血液成分吸着材料4を得た。
血液成分吸着材料2を滅菌後の血液成分吸着材料4に変更する以外は実施例1と同じ手順で測定を行い、得られた白血球吸着率を滅菌後の白血球吸着率とした。実施例2で得た血液成分吸着材料4の白血球吸着率と滅菌後の白血球吸着率から、式8を用いて得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料4の滅菌前後の性能低下率を算出した。結果を表4に示す。
血液成分吸着材料4を血液成分吸着材料12に変更する以外は実施例9と同じ手順で測定を行い、滅菌後の白血球吸着率を得た。さらに、実施例2の血液成分吸着材料12の白血球吸着率と滅菌後の白血球吸着率を用いて、式8から得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料12の滅菌前後の性能低下率を算出した。結果を表4に示す。
血液成分吸着材料4を血液成分吸着材料17に変更する以外は実施例9と同じ手順で測定を行い、滅菌後の白血球吸着率を得た。さらに、実施例4の血液成分吸着材料17の白血球吸着率と滅菌後の白血球吸着率を用いて、式8から得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材17の滅菌前後の性能低下率を算出した。結果を表4に示す。
血液成分吸着材料4を血液成分吸着材料19に変更する以外は実施例9と同じ手順で測定を行い、滅菌後の白血球吸着率を得た。さらに、実施例5の血液成分吸着材料19の白血球吸着率と滅菌後の白血球吸着率を用いて、式8から得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料19の滅菌前後の性能低下率を算出した。結果を表4に示す。
上下に血液の出入り口のある円筒状カラム(内径1cm×高さ5.14cm)に、3.1mLの血液成分吸着材料4を充填したカラムを作製した。このカラムに、37℃(外温)で保温したヒト血液に、抗凝固剤のメシル酸ナファモスタットを200μg/mLになるように添加し、すみやかに流量0.7mL/minで5分間通液した。5分後にカラム入口血液とカラム出口血液をサンプリングし、多項目自動血球分析装置XT-1800i(シスメックス株式会社製)を用いて血小板数を得た。式9を用いて得られた値の小数点第1位を四捨五入し、血液成分吸着材料4の血小板吸着率を算出した。結果を表7に示す。
血液成分吸着材料4を血液成分吸着材料25に変更する以外は実施例13と同じ手順で測定を行い、血液成分吸着材料25の血小板吸着率を算出した。結果を表7に示す。
血液成分吸着材料18を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
血液成分吸着材料21を用いて、実施例1と同様の測定を行うことで、白血球吸着率、IL-8吸着率を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
血液成分吸着材料4を血液成分吸着材料18に変更する以外は実施例8と同じ手順で測定、計算を行い、血液成分吸着材料18の単球除去率、好中球除去率、好塩基球除去率、好酸球数除去率を算出した。結果を表6に示す。
血液成分吸着材料4を血液成分吸着材料1に変更する以外は実施例13と同じ手順で測定を行い、血液成分吸着材料1の血小板吸着率を算出した。結果を表7に示す。
Claims (6)
- 繰り返し単位に芳香族炭化水素基を有する第1の重合体のみからなる多孔粒子と、前記多孔粒子表面に固定化された、繰り返し単位に水酸基を有する第2の重合体と、を有し、
血液成分吸着材料の表面における前記第2の重合体の含有率が、3~30mg/gである、血液成分吸着材料。 - 前記血液成分吸着材料の全体平均における前記第2の重合体の含有率は、0.3mg/g以下であり、
1gあたりの細孔体積は、0.5~1.8cm3である、請求項1記載の血液成分吸着材料。 - 前記第1の重合体は、ポリスチレン、ポリエチルビニルベンゼン、ポリジビニルベンゼン、ポリ(エチルビニルベンゼン/ジビニルベンゼン)又はポリ(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン)である、請求項1又は2記載の血液成分吸着材料。
- 前記第2の重合体は、ポリヒドロキシアルキルアクリレート、ポリヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレート及びポリビニルアルコールからなる群から選択される重合体である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項記載の血液成分吸着材料。
- 白血球吸着除去用である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項記載の血液成分吸着材料。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項記載の血液成分吸着材料を備える、血液浄化カラム。
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