WO2022267820A1 - 壳体、电池和电子设备 - Google Patents

壳体、电池和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022267820A1
WO2022267820A1 PCT/CN2022/095568 CN2022095568W WO2022267820A1 WO 2022267820 A1 WO2022267820 A1 WO 2022267820A1 CN 2022095568 W CN2022095568 W CN 2022095568W WO 2022267820 A1 WO2022267820 A1 WO 2022267820A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
peripheral wall
opening
cover plate
plate
cover
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/095568
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王冰
刘伟
张珂
胡海波
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to JP2023560026A priority Critical patent/JP2024524809A/ja
Priority to EP22827317.3A priority patent/EP4300672A1/en
Priority to KR1020237033282A priority patent/KR20230152122A/ko
Publication of WO2022267820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267820A1/zh
Priority to US18/373,251 priority patent/US20240014480A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H01M50/133—Thickness
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/157—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/159—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a case, a battery with the case, and an electronic device with the battery.
  • the battery is packaged by welding the flange edge, and the presence of the flange edge will occupy the assembly space and reduce the energy density of the battery.
  • the invention publication with the publication number "201711165151.2” discloses a packaging case for a metal case battery and a battery
  • the packaging case includes a first casing and a second casing
  • the first casing includes a top and a first side wall
  • the first side wall extends downward from the top
  • the first side wall has a first flange extending outward
  • the first side wall encloses an opening
  • the second shell includes a middle part and a first flange extending outward from the middle part Two flanges; wherein, the middle part is used to cover the opening, and the material of the first shell and the second shell is alloy.
  • the electric core is accommodated in the packaging case, and the first flange and the second flange are welded and packaged.
  • This type of packaging shell is welded at the first flange and the second flange of the shell.
  • the presence of the shell flange will occupy the assembly space, resulting in a decrease in the effective capacity of the battery, reducing the battery capacity.
  • the content of this application aims to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the flange side occupies the battery assembly space.
  • the application proposes a casing for accommodating the pole core, the casing includes a peripheral wall and a first cover, the peripheral wall is provided with a first opening, and the periphery of the first cover is provided with a reserved part, the reserved part is used for melting to form a frit, and the first cover plate is used for bonding with the peripheral wall through the frit to close the first opening.
  • the material of the surrounding wall is stainless steel.
  • the peripheral wall has a thickness of 30 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the first cover plate is stainless steel.
  • the reserved portion is a portion of the first cover protruding from the outer surface of the peripheral wall along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall when the first cover covers the first opening.
  • the reserved portion protrudes from the peripheral wall by a height of 50 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall.
  • the reserved portion has a thickness of 30 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the first cover plate is provided with a boss.
  • the circumferential dimension of the boss is equivalent to the first opening, so that when the first cover plate is assembled to the peripheral wall, the peripheral edge of the boss abuts against the peripheral wall.
  • the first cover plate includes a first plate body and a second plate body, the reserved portion is provided on the first plate body, and the second plate body is welded to the first plate body Body to form the boss.
  • the thickness of the first board is 30 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the second board is 100 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the housing includes a second cover plate, the peripheral wall defines a second opening opposite to the first opening, and the second cover plate is used to cover the second opening.
  • the peripheral wall is provided with welds extending to the first opening and the second opening.
  • the peripheral wall is roughly in the shape of a cuboid, the peripheral wall includes two opposite first side plates and two opposite second side plates, and the areas of the first opening and the second opening are smaller than the The first side panel and the second side panel.
  • the peripheral wall is provided with a weld seam extending to the first opening and the second opening, the area of the first side plate is smaller than that of the second side plate, and the weld seam is provided at the first side panel.
  • the present application proposes a battery, comprising the above casing and a pole core accommodated in the casing, the first cover plate is joined to the peripheral wall through the fusing edge to close the first opening .
  • the melting edge protrudes along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall.
  • the reinforcement of the molten edge protruding along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall is less than 200 ⁇ m.
  • the fusing edge at least partially abuts against the outer surface of the peripheral wall.
  • an end of the peripheral wall facing the first cover plate is located between the fusing edge and the boss.
  • the present application proposes an electronic device, including the aforementioned battery.
  • the present application proposes a casing and a battery, the casing includes a peripheral wall and a first cover, the peripheral wall is provided with a first opening, and the periphery of the first cover is provided with a reserved portion of a predetermined size according to requirements, so as to When the first cover plate is sealed with the surrounding wall, the reserved part is melted to form a fusing edge of the required size.
  • the first cover plate is bonded to the surrounding wall through the fusing edge to close the first opening, realizing the first cover plate and the surrounding wall.
  • the packaging and edge fusing will not take up too much space, improving the overall energy density of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a housing in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of assembly of the housing shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of place A shown in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of packaging of the housing shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of place B shown in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a battery in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a top view of the first cover plate of the housing shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 8 is a side view of the first cover shown in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a casing in another embodiment of the present application.
  • T1-thickness of the surrounding wall T2-thickness of the reserved part, H1-height of the reserved part, H2-residual height of the welded edge, W-width of the welded edge.
  • the present application proposes a casing 10 and a battery 20 having the casing 10 .
  • the housing 10 of the present application is used to house the pole core.
  • the housing 10 includes a peripheral wall 11 and a first cover plate 131, the peripheral wall 11 is provided with a first opening 111, and the first cover plate 131 is used for sealing the first opening 111 .
  • a reserved portion 1311 is provided around the first cover plate 131, and the reserved portion 1311 is set according to the size of the surrounding wall 11 (the thickness T1 of the surrounding wall 11, the size of the first opening 111), and the reserved portion 1311 is the first cover
  • the first cover plate 131 protrudes from the part of the peripheral wall 11 along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 11.
  • the first cover plate 131 protrudes from the peripheral wall 11 along the "Part” refers to the part of the first cover plate 131 protruding from the outer surface of the peripheral wall 11.
  • the height of the reserved part 1311 is H1.
  • the reserved portion 1311 is used for melting to form a fusing edge 1313 , and the first cover plate 131 is bonded to the peripheral wall 11 through the fusing edge 1313 .
  • the reserved portion 1311 is arranged around the first cover plate 131 so as to form a welded edge 1313 around the first cover plate 131 so as to cover the connection gap between the first cover plate 131 and the peripheral wall 11, and the periphery of the first cover plate 131 is uniform
  • the first opening 111 is closed by bonding the fusing edge 1313 to the peripheral wall 11 .
  • the welded edge 1313 has only a very small reinforcement H2.
  • the solution of the present application is on the premise of ensuring the sealing between the first cover plate 131 and the peripheral wall 11 Under the circumstances, the sealed structure occupies less assembly space, which effectively improves the energy density of the battery.
  • the circumferential dimension of the first cover plate 131 is larger than the circumferential dimension of the surrounding wall 11, which facilitates the assembly of the first cover plate 131 and the surrounding wall 11, and prevents the first cover plate 131 from falling into the surrounding wall 11 during positioning. Inside the surrounding wall 11, the process difficulty is reduced and the yield rate is improved.
  • the material of the peripheral wall 11 is stainless steel, which is stronger than aluminum and the like, and is suitable for making the peripheral wall 11 thinner.
  • the peripheral wall 11 is 316L stainless steel.
  • the thickness T1 of the peripheral wall 11 is 30 to 150 ⁇ m, while ensuring the strength requirements of the casing 10, it takes up less space, so that the casing 10 can accommodate a larger volume of pole core and improve the formed battery. capacity.
  • the height H1 of the reserved portion 1311 protruding from the peripheral wall 11 along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 11 is 50 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the dimensional tolerance of the first opening 111 is about ⁇ 50 ⁇ m, and the reserved portion 1311 protrudes from the peripheral wall 11 by at least 50 ⁇ m along the peripheral direction of the peripheral wall 11, which can prevent the first cover plate 131 from falling into the peripheral wall 11 when it is positioned with the peripheral wall 11, and is convenient for the second A cover plate 131 is welded and packaged with the surrounding wall 11 .
  • the reserved portion 1311 protrudes from the peripheral wall 11 by more than 300 ⁇ m along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 11 , the size of the reserved portion 1311 is too large. Firstly, it is difficult for the laser to melt the reserved portion 1311 completely, which increases the difficulty of processing, and the formed edge 1313 has too high residual height and takes up space. Furthermore, in order to melt away the reserved portion 1311, it is necessary to increase the laser energy, and for the thinner peripheral wall 11, too high laser energy will cause the peripheral wall 11 to have the risk of thermal deformation or even damage.
  • the material of the first cover 131 is stainless steel, which has higher strength and is suitable for making the first cover 131 thinner to reduce space occupation.
  • the first cover 131 is 316L stainless steel. Both the first cover plate 131 and the surrounding wall 11 are made of stainless steel, which can improve the welding effect of the two.
  • the first cover plate 131 also needs to be pierced with structures such as poles 1315 and liquid injection holes 1317, and the first cover plate 131 is provided with bosses 1319 for local thickening and lifting.
  • the structural strength of the first cover plate 131 at the corresponding position, such as corresponding to the pole 1315 and the liquid injection hole 1317, can effectively prevent the deformation of the first cover plate 131 during perforation and improve product quality.
  • the boss 1319 is compatible with the first opening 111, that is, the shape of the boss 1319 is similar to that of the first opening 111, and the circumferential dimension of the boss 1319 is equivalent to that of the first opening 111, so that the first cover plate 131 When assembled to the peripheral wall 11 , the boss 1319 acts as a guide, and the peripheral edge of the boss 1319 abuts against the peripheral wall 11 to realize the guiding and positioning of the assembly of the first cover 131 , which facilitates the welding of the first cover 131 and the peripheral wall 11 .
  • the circumferential dimension of the boss 1319 is equivalent to that of the first opening 111
  • the circumferential dimension of the boss 1319 is slightly larger, equal, or slightly smaller than the circumferential dimension of the first opening 111, for example, in FIG.
  • the first opening 111 is rectangular
  • the boss 1319 is also rectangular
  • the length and width of the boss 1319 are ⁇ 20 ⁇ m of the length and width of the first opening 111, which can pass through the boss 1319 and the surrounding wall.
  • the sliding connection or interference fit of 11 realizes the assembly guide and positioning of the first cover plate 131.
  • This application does not limit the ratio of the circumferential dimension of the boss 1319 to the first opening 111, as long as the first cover plate 131 can pass through the boss. 1319 to guide or locate.
  • the middle part of the first cover plate 131 is provided with a boss 1319 which is similar in shape to the first opening 111 and has a slightly larger circumferential dimension.
  • the edge of the first cover plate 131 form a continuous step structure along the circumferential direction, as shown in Figure 2, when the first cover plate 131 is assembled to the peripheral wall 11, the boss 1319 is located in the peripheral wall 11, and the peripheral edge of the boss 1319 (that is, perpendicular to The side surface of the connecting part) abuts against the inner surface of the surrounding wall 11, the connecting part abuts against the top annular surface of the surrounding wall 11, the reserved part 1311 protrudes from the outer surface of the surrounding wall 11, and the first cover plate 131 is closely connected with the surrounding wall 11, which can The welding quality between the subsequent first cover plate 131 and the peripheral wall 11 is improved.
  • the first cover plate 131 When the first cover plate 131 is made of a material with high hardness such as stainless steel, it is very difficult to process and form the above-mentioned step structure, especially in the case of a small thickness, it is difficult to process a right-angle structure that meets the requirements.
  • the first cover plate 131 includes a first plate body 13121 and a second plate body 13122, the reserved part 1311 is arranged on the first plate body 13121, the first plate body 13121 is smaller than the second plate body 13122 With a larger circumferential dimension, the second plate body 13122 is welded to the first plate body 13121 to form the above-mentioned boss 1319 .
  • the process difficulty of forming a circumferentially continuous step structure on the edge of the first cover plate 131 is reduced, and the production cost is effectively reduced.
  • the quality of the stepped structure is high, and the assembly effect between the first cover plate 131 and the surrounding wall 11 is improved.
  • the stainless steel material of the first cover plate 131 is only used as a specific implementation manner of the present application.
  • the two materials may also be of different materials.
  • stainless steel, and the material of the second plate body 13122 is nickel; or the material of the first plate body 13121 is stainless steel, and the material of the second plate body 13122 is aluminum, and the two are welded by nickel, which can reduce the gap between nickel and steel. usage and reduce costs.
  • the present application does not limit the materials of the first plate body 13121 and the second plate body 13122, as long as the stepped structure is formed by welding the double-layer plates.
  • the thickness of the first plate body 13121 is 30 to 200 ⁇ m, and a thinner thickness can be used to achieve sealing, which can reduce space occupation.
  • the thickness of the second plate body 13122 is 100-500 ⁇ m, preferably 200-300 ⁇ m, and the larger-sized boss 1319 can improve the guiding and positioning effect, facilitate assembly and positioning, and improve strength.
  • the thickness T2 of the reserved portion 1311 is 30 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m. If the first cover plate 131 is provided with a boss 1319, the strength of the first cover plate 131 is increased by the boss 1319, and the reserved portion 1311 is only used for assembly and subsequent sealing of the welded edge 1313, which can be made thinner, for example, The thickness T2 of the reserved part 1311 is 30 ⁇ m, which takes up less space while ensuring the strength requirements; The portion 1311 has a relatively large thickness. For example, the thickness T2 of the reserved portion 1311 is 300 ⁇ m, which can not only ensure the strength of the first cover plate 131 , but also reduce the number of procedures, reduce processing difficulty, and improve production efficiency.
  • the housing 10 includes a second cover plate 132, and the peripheral wall 11 defines a second opening 112 opposite to the first opening 111, that is, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are respectively opened in the axial direction of the peripheral wall 11.
  • the second cover plate 132 is used to cover the second opening 112 . It should be understood that the encapsulation method and structure of the second cover plate 132 and the surrounding wall 11 may be similar to that of the first cover plate 131 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the thickness T1 of the surrounding wall 11 should be made thinner.
  • the drawing method used in the prior art to make the steel shell thinner is likely to cause cracks and wrinkles.
  • it is easy to stretch the steel sheet as a whole. to 30 ⁇ m-150 ⁇ m the steel sheet of 30 to 150 ⁇ m is bent into a cylinder and then welded to form the surrounding wall 11, that is, the surrounding wall 11 is provided with welds 115 extending to the first opening 111 and the second opening 112, and the formed surrounding wall 11 reaches the current
  • welds 115 extending to the first opening 111 and the second opening 112
  • the peripheral wall 11 is roughly in the shape of a cuboid, and the peripheral wall 11 includes two opposite first side plates 1171 and two opposite second side plates 1172, and the first side plates 1171 and the second side plates 1172 are connected by rounded corners. Two first side plates 1171 and two second side plates 1172 surround and form a first opening 111 and a second opening 112 opened at both ends of the peripheral wall 11 in the axial direction.
  • the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are rectangular, and the first The area of the opening 111 and the second opening 112 is smaller than that of the first side plate 1171 and the second side plate 1172, that is, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are opened on the side of the cuboid with the smallest area of the surrounding wall 11, reducing the number of the first cover plate 131 and the influence of the second cover plate 132 on the overall energy density of the battery.
  • the area of the first side plate 1171 is smaller than that of the second side plate 1172, and the weld 115 is provided on the first side plate 1171 to reduce the influence of the weld 115 reinforcement on the thickness direction of the battery.
  • the weld 115 can be set on the second side plate 1172, or the weld 115 can be set on the first side plate 1171 and the second side plate 1171.
  • the specific location of the welds 115 is not limited in this application.
  • the battery 20 of the present application includes a case 10 and a pole core (not shown) accommodated in the case 10 , and the first cover plate 131 is joined to the peripheral wall 11 through a fusing edge 1313 to close the first opening. 111.
  • the weld edge 1313 protrudes along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 11 .
  • the cross section of the fusing edge 1313 is similar to a sector, and the reinforcement H2 and width W of the fusing edge 1313 meeting the sealing requirements are obtained according to the material properties of the casing 10 and the internal and external pressure difference of the battery 20 .
  • the reinforcement H2 of the welded edge 1313 protruding along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 11 is less than 200 ⁇ m, while ensuring the sealing connection between the first cover plate 131 and the peripheral wall 11, it only takes up a small space, thereby improving The energy density of the battery 20.
  • the cross-sectional area of the reserved part 1311 before melting and the cross-sectional area of the welded edge 1313 after melting are approximately equal, the height H1 of the reserved part 1311 and the reinforcement H2 of the welded edge 1313, the width W of the welded edge 1313 and the reserved
  • the height H1 of the reserved portion 1311 can be designed according to the required height H2 of the welded edge 1313 , the width W of the welded edge 1313 , and the thickness T2 of the reserved portion 1311 .
  • the welded edge 1313 is formed by melting the reserved portion 1311 of the first cover plate 131, that is, the welded edge 1313 is integrally connected with the first cover plate 131, and the welded edge 1313 is at least partially attached to the outer surface of the peripheral wall 11 , the connection between the peripheral wall 11 and the first cover plate 131 does not need to be melted, there is a connection interface between the fusing edge 1313 and the peripheral wall 11, and only the first cover plate 131 is reserved for the fusing edge 1313 connecting the first cover plate 131 and the peripheral wall 11 Portion 1311 is melt formed.
  • the end of the peripheral wall 11 facing the first cover plate 131 is located between the fusing edge 1313 and the boss 1319, the peripheral wall 11 does not need to be melted, and the peripheral wall 11 is in a state clamped by the fusing edge 1313 and the boss 1319, the second Between a cover plate 131 and the surrounding wall 11, in addition to the bonding between the fusing edge 1313 and the outer surface of the surrounding wall 11, the surrounding wall 11 is also clamped by the fusing edge 1313 and the boss 1319, which improves the connection strength between the first cover plate 131 and the surrounding wall 11 , to further ensure the sealing quality between the two.
  • the present application proposes a casing and a battery, the casing includes a peripheral wall and a first cover, the peripheral wall is provided with a first opening, and the periphery of the first cover is provided with a reserved portion of a predetermined size according to requirements, so as to When the first cover plate is sealed with the surrounding wall, the reserved part is melted to form a fusing edge of the required size.
  • the first cover plate is bonded to the surrounding wall through the fusing edge to close the first opening, realizing the first cover plate and the surrounding wall.
  • the packaging and edge fusing will not take up too much space, improving the overall energy density of the battery.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes the aforementioned battery.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

一种壳体、电池和电子设备，该壳体(10)用于容置极芯，所述壳体(10)包括周壁(11)和第一盖板(131)，所述周壁(11)设有第一开口(111)，所述第一盖板(131)周边设有预留部(1311)，所述预留部(1311)用于熔融形成熔边，所述第一盖板(131)用于通过所述熔边(1313)与所述周壁(11)接合以封闭所述第一开口(111)。

Description

壳体、电池和电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年06月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202121403374.X、申请名称为“壳体及电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种壳体、具有该壳体的电池以及具有该电池的电子设备。
背景技术
现有技术中，电池采用法兰边焊接封装，法兰边的存在会占用装配空间，降低电池能量密度。
例如，公开号为“201711165151.2”的发明公开，公开了一种金属壳电池的包装壳及电池，该包装壳包括第一壳体和第二壳体，第一壳体包括顶部和第一侧壁，第一侧壁从顶部向下延伸，第一侧壁具有向外延伸的第一凸缘，第一侧壁围成一个开口；第二壳体包括中间部和由中间部向外延伸的第二凸缘；其中，中间部用于覆盖开口，第一壳体和第二壳体材料为合金。电芯容纳在包装壳中，第一凸缘和第二凸缘焊接封装。
这种形式的包装壳，在壳体的第一凸缘和第二凸缘处焊接，为保证焊接密封有效性，壳体凸缘的存在会占用装配空间，造成电池有效容量体积减小，降低电池容量。
申请内容
本申请内容旨在解决现有技术中法兰边占用电池装配空间的技术问题。
一方面，本申请提出一种壳体，用于容置极芯，所述壳体包括周壁和第一盖板，所述周壁设有第一开口，所述第一盖板周边设有预留部，所述预留部用于熔融形成熔边，所述第一盖板用于通过所述熔边与所述周壁接合以封闭所述第一开口。
在一实施例中，所述周壁的材料为不锈钢。
在一实施例中，所述周壁的厚度为30至150μm。
在一实施例中，所述第一盖板的材料为不锈钢。
在一实施例中，所述预留部为所述第一盖板封盖所述第一开口时，所述第一盖板沿所述周壁的周向凸出所述周壁的外表面的部分。
在一实施例中，所述预留部沿所述周壁的周向凸出所述周壁的高度为50μm至300μm。
在一实施例中，所述预留部的厚度为30至300μm。
在一实施例中，所述第一盖板设有凸台。
在一实施例中，所述凸台的周向尺寸与所述第一开口相当，使得所述第一盖板装配至所述周壁时，所述凸台的周缘与所述周壁抵接。
在一实施例中，所述第一盖板包括第一板体和第二板体，所述预留部设于所述第一板体，所述第二板体焊接于所述第一板体而形成所述凸台。
在一实施例中，所述第一板体的厚度为30至200μm。
在一实施例中，所述第二板体的厚度为100至500μm。
在一实施例中，所述壳体包括第二盖板，所述周壁开设与所述第一开口相对的第二开口，所述第二盖板用于封盖所述第二开口。
在一实施例中，所述周壁设有延伸至所述第一开口和所述第二开口的焊缝。
在一实施例中，所述周壁大致呈长方体型，所述周壁包括两相对设置的第一侧板和两相对设置的第二侧板，所述第一开口、第二开口的面积小于所述第一侧板、第二侧板。
在一实施例中，所述周壁设有延伸至所述第一开口和所述第二开口的焊缝，所述第一侧板的面积小于所述第二侧板，所述焊缝设于所述第一侧板。
在一实施例中，所述预留部的高度H1、所述熔边的余高H2、所述熔边的宽度W以及所述预留部的厚度T2的关系为：H1＝(π×(H2+W/2)2-W2)/4T2。
另一方面，本申请提出一种电池，包括上述壳体和容置于所述壳体内的极芯，所述第一盖板通过所述熔边与所述周壁接合以封闭所述第一开口。
在一实施例中，所述熔边沿所述周壁的周向凸出。
在一实施例中，所述熔边沿所述周壁的周向凸出的余高小于200μm。
在一实施例中，所述熔边至少部分贴靠于所述周壁的外侧面。
在一实施例中，所述周壁朝向所述第一盖板的一端位于所述熔边与所述凸台之间。
再一方面，本申请提出一种电子设备，包括根据前述的电池。
综上所述，本申请提出一种壳体和电池，该壳体包括周壁和第一盖板，周壁设有第一开口，第一盖板周边根据需求设有预定尺寸的预留部，以在第一盖板与周壁封装时，预留部熔融形成所需尺寸的熔边，在该电池中，第一盖板通过熔边与周壁接合以封闭第一开口，实现第一盖板与周壁的封装且熔边不会占用过多空间，提升电池整体的能量密度。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显 和容易理解，其中：
图1为本申请一种实施方式的壳体立体图；
图2为图1所示壳体的装配示意图；
图3为图2所示A处的局部放大图；
图4为图1所示壳体的封装示意图；
图5为图4所示B处的局部放大图；
图6为本申请一种实施方式的电池立体图；
图7为图1所示壳体的第一盖板的俯视图；
图8为图7所示第一盖板的侧视图；
图9为本申请另一种实施方式的壳体的立体图。
附图标记：
10-壳体；
11-周壁、111-第一开口、112-第二开口、115-焊缝、1171-第一侧板、1172-第二侧板；
131-第一盖板、1311-预留部、13121-第一板体、13122-第二板体、1313-熔边、1315-极柱、1317-注液孔、1319-凸台；
132-第二盖板；
20-电池；
T1-周壁的厚度、T2-预留部的厚度、H1-预留部的高度、H2-熔边的余高、W-熔边的宽度。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在详细描述实施例之前，应当理解的是，本申请不限于本申请中下文或附图中所描述的详细结构或元件排布。本申请可为其他方式实现的实施例。并且，应当理解，本文所使用的措辞及术语仅仅用作描述用途，不应作限定性解释。本文所使用的“包括”、“包含”、“具有”等类似措辞意为包含其后所列出之事项、其等同物及其它附加事项。特别是，当 描述“一个某元件”时，本申请并不限定该元件的数量为一个，也可以包括多个。
本申请提出一种壳体10和具有该壳体10的电池20。
如图1所示，本申请的壳体10用于容置极芯，壳体10包括周壁11和第一盖板131，周壁11设有第一开口111，第一盖板131用于封盖第一开口111。
参照图2和图3，第一盖板131周边设有预留部1311，预留部1311根据周壁11尺寸(周壁11厚度T1、第一开口111尺寸)设置，预留部1311为第一盖板131封盖第一开口111时，第一盖板131沿周壁11的周向凸出周壁11的部分，应当理解的是，“第一盖板131沿周壁11的周向凸出周壁11的部分”是指第一盖板131凸出周壁11外表面的部分，如图3所示，预留部1311的高度为H1。
参照图4和图5，预留部1311用于熔融形成熔边1313，第一盖板131通过熔边1313与周壁11接合。预留部1311环绕第一盖板131一周设置，使得形成环绕第一盖板131一周的熔边1313，从而覆盖第一盖板131与周壁11之间的连接缝隙，第一盖板131周边均通过熔边1313与周壁11接合以封闭第一开口111。
根据需求，在制作第一盖板131时预留部分材料作为预留部1311，通过激光焊等方式将预留部1311熔融形成熔边1313，实现第一盖板131与周壁11的密封连接，熔边1313相较于周壁11的外表面仅存在很小的余高H2，相较于通过法兰边封装的现有技术，本申请的方案在保证第一盖板131与周壁11密封的前提下，密封结构对装配空间占用更少，有效提升了电池的能量密度。且通过设置预留部1311，使得第一盖板131的周向尺度大于周壁11的周向尺寸，方便第一盖板131与周壁11装配，避免第一盖板131与周壁11定位时掉进周壁11内，降低了工艺难度，提升良率。
进一步地，周壁11的材料为不锈钢，相较于铝等采用电池壳材料，不锈钢强度更大，适于将周壁11制成更薄，优选地，周壁11为316L型不锈钢。在一实施例中，周壁11的厚度T1为30至150μm，在保障壳体10的强度要求的同时，占用更少的空间，使得壳体10能容纳更大体积的极芯，提升所形成电池的容量。
在一种实施例中，预留部1311沿周壁11的周向凸出周壁11的高度H1为50μm至300μm。
第一开口111的尺寸公差大约为±50μm，限定预留部1311沿周壁11的周向凸出周壁11至少50μm，可避免第一盖板131与周壁11定位时掉进周壁11内，便于第一盖板131与周壁11焊接封装。
若预留部1311沿周壁11的周向凸出周壁11大于300μm，预留部1311尺寸过大。首先，激光难以完全融掉预留部1311，提升了加工难度，且形成的熔边1313余高过大，占用空间。再者，为了融掉预留部1311，需要提升激光能量，而对于厚度较薄的周壁11，过 高的激光能量使得周壁11有受热形变风险，甚至造成损坏。
在一实施例中，第一盖板131的材料为不锈钢，强度更大，适于将第一盖板131制成更薄，减少空间占用，优选地，第一盖板131为316L型不锈钢。第一盖板131和周壁11都采用不锈钢材料，能提升二者的焊接效果。
同时参照图6，与周壁11不同的是，第一盖板131还需要穿设极柱1315和注液孔1317等结构，通过在第一盖板131上设置凸台1319进行局部加厚，提升第一盖板131在对应位置的结构强度，例如对应极柱1315和注液孔1317处，从而有效防止第一盖板131在穿孔时产生形变，提升产品质量。
进一步的，凸台1319与第一开口111相配适，即凸台1319与第一开口111的形状相似，且凸台1319的周向尺寸与第一开口111相当，使得在将第一盖板131装配至周壁11时，凸台1319作为导向件，凸台1319的周缘与周壁11抵接，实现第一盖板131装配的导向和定位，利于第一盖板131与周壁11焊接。应当理解的是，“凸台1319的周向尺寸与第一开口111相当”包括凸台1319的周向尺寸比第一开口111的周向尺寸略大、相等、略小，例如，在图1至3所示实施例中，第一开口111呈长方形，则凸台1319也呈长方形，且凸台1319长度和宽度为第一开口111长度和宽度的±20μm，即可通过凸台1319与周壁11的滑动连接或过盈配合实现第一盖板131的装配导向及定位，本申请对凸台1319与第一开口111的周向尺寸比值不作限定，只要能实现第一盖板131通过凸台1319进行导向或定位即可。
在本实施例中，第一盖板131中部设有与第一开口111形状相似、周向尺寸略大的凸台1319，凸台1319通过连接部(未标号)与预留部1311一体连接，使得第一盖板131边缘形成沿周向连续的台阶结构，如图2所示，当第一盖板131装配至周壁11时，凸台1319位于周壁11内，凸台1319周缘(即垂直于连接部的侧面)与周壁11的内侧面抵接，连接部与周壁11的顶部环形面抵接，预留部1311凸出周壁11的外表面，第一盖板131与周壁11连接紧密，可提升后续第一盖板131与周壁11的焊接质量。
当第一盖板131采用不锈钢等硬度较大的材料，加工形成上述台阶结构工艺难度大，特别是在较小厚度的情况下，难以加工出符合要求的直角结构。如图7和图8所示，第一盖板131包括第一板体13121和第二板体13122，预留部1311设置于第一板体13121，第一板体13121较第二板体13122具有更大周向尺寸，第二板体13122焊接于第一板体13121而形成上述的凸台1319。通过将第二板体13122焊接于第一板体13121中部，降低了在第一盖板131边缘形成沿周向连续的台阶结构的工艺难度，有效降低生产成本，且通过双层板体焊接形成的台阶结构质量高，提升第一盖板131与周壁11的装配效果。
应当理解的是，第一盖板131为不锈钢材料仅作为本申请的一种具体实施方式，在其 他实施例中，二者也可以是不同材料，例如，第一板体13121为强度较大的不锈钢材料，而第二板体13122的材料为镍；或者第一板体13121的材料为不锈钢，第二板体13122的材料为铝，二者之间通过镍进行焊接，可减少镍和钢的使用量，降低成本。本申请对第一板体13121和第二板体13122的材料不作限定，只要通过双层板体焊接形成台阶结构即可。
进一步地，第一板体13121的厚度为30至200μm，采用较薄厚度实现密封即可，可减少空间占用。第二板体13122的厚度为100至500μm，优选为200至300μm，更大尺寸的凸台1319可提升导向和定位效果，方便装配定位，且提升强度。
在本实施例中，预留部1311的厚度T2为30μm至300μm。若第一盖板131设有凸台1319，由凸台1319提升第一盖板131的强度，预留部1311仅作装配及后续形成熔边1313的密封作用，可以做得更薄，例如，预留部1311的厚度T2为30μm，在保障强度要求的同时，占用更少的空间；若第一盖板131为单片板体，整体厚度相同，为了保证强度整体都需要加厚，预留部1311相应具有较大厚度，例如，预留部1311厚度T2为300μm，既能保证第一盖板131的强度，又能减少工序，降低加工难度，提升生产效率。
如图9所示，壳体10包括第二盖板132，周壁11开设与第一开口111相对的第二开口112，即第一开口111和第二开口112沿周壁11的轴向分别开设于周壁11的两端，第二盖板132用于封盖第二开口112。应当理解的是，第二盖板132与周壁11的封装方式及结构可与第一盖板131相似，在此不做赘述。
为了提升电池的能量密度，要将周壁11的厚度T1作薄，现有技术中采用的冲深方式对钢壳作薄容易产生破裂和褶皱，在本实施例中，容易将钢片整体拉伸至30μm-150μm，采用30至150μm的钢片弯折成筒体后焊接形成周壁11，即周壁11设有延伸至第一开口111和第二开口112的焊缝115，所形成周壁11达到现有冲深工艺难以达到的薄壳。
进一步地，周壁11大致呈长方体型，周壁11包括两相对设置的第一侧板1171和两相对设置的第二侧板1172，第一侧板1171和第二侧板1172之间通过圆角连接，两第一侧板1171和两第二侧板1172围合形成开设于周壁11轴向两端的第一开口111和第二开口112，第一开口111、第二开口112呈长方形，且第一开口111、第二开口112的面积小于第一侧板1171、第二侧板1172，即第一开口111和第二开口112开设于周壁11所呈长方体面积最小的侧面，减少第一盖板131和第二盖板132对电池整体能量密度的影响。
优选地，第一侧板1171的面积小于第二侧板1172，焊缝115设于第一侧板1171，减少焊缝115余高对电池厚度方向的影响。应当理解的是，这仅作为本申请的一种优选实施方式，在其他实施例中，焊缝115可设置于第二侧板1172上，或者焊缝115设置于第一侧板1171和第二侧板1172连接处，只要周壁11设有延伸至第一开口111和第二开口112的焊缝115即可，本申请对焊缝115的具体设置位置此不作限定。
如图6所示，本申请的电池20包括壳体10和容置于壳体10内的极芯(未示出)，第一盖板131通过熔边1313与周壁11接合以封闭第一开口111。
熔边1313沿周壁11的周向凸出。
同时参照图3和图5，熔边1313的截面类似扇形，根据壳体10的材料性能、电池20的内外压差获得满足密封要求的熔边1313的余高H2和宽度W。在本实施例中，熔边1313沿周壁11的周向凸出的余高H2为小于200μm，在保证第一盖板131与周壁11密封连接的同时，仅占用较小的空间，从而提升了电池20的能量密度。
根据熔前的预留部1311的截面积与熔后的熔边1313的截面积大致相等，建立预留部1311的高度H1与熔边1313的余高H2、熔边1313的宽度W以及预留部1311的厚度T2的关系：H1＝(π×(H2+W/2)2-W2)/4T2。
从而可根据所需求的熔边1313的余高H2、熔边1313的宽度W以及预留部1311的厚度T2设计预留部1311的高度H1。
在一种实施方式中，熔边1313由第一盖板131的预留部1311熔融形成，即熔边1313与第一盖板131一体连接，熔边1313至少部分贴靠于周壁11的外侧面，周壁11与第一盖板131连接处不需要熔融，熔边1313与周壁11之间具有连接界面，连接第一盖板131和周壁11的熔边1313仅有第一盖板131的预留部1311熔融形成。
如图4所示，周壁11朝向第一盖板131的一端位于熔边1313与凸台1319之间，周壁11不需要熔融，周壁11呈被熔边1313和凸台1319夹持的状态，第一盖板131与周壁11之间，除了熔边1313与周壁11外侧面的粘结，周壁11还受到熔边1313与凸台1319的夹持，提升第一盖板131与周壁11的连接强度，进一步确保二者之间的密封质量。
综上所述，本申请提出一种壳体和电池，该壳体包括周壁和第一盖板，周壁设有第一开口，第一盖板周边根据需求设有预定尺寸的预留部，以在第一盖板与周壁封装时，预留部熔融形成所需尺寸的熔边，在该电池中，第一盖板通过熔边与周壁接合以封闭第一开口，实现第一盖板与周壁的封装且熔边不会占用过多空间，提升电池整体的能量密度。
另外，本申请还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括前述的电池。
本文所描述的概念在不偏离其精神和特性的情况下可以实施成其它形式。所公开的具体实施例应被视为例示性而不是限制性。因此，本申请的范围是由所附的权利要求，而不是根据之前的这些描述进行确定。在权利要求的字面意义及等同范围内的任何改变都应属于这些权利要求的范围。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一 定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种壳体，用于容置极芯，其特征在于，所述壳体包括周壁和第一盖板，所述周壁设有第一开口，所述第一盖板周边设有预留部，所述预留部用于熔融形成熔边，所述第一盖板用于通过所述熔边与所述周壁接合以封闭所述第一开口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述周壁和所述第一盖板中至少一者的材料为不锈钢。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述周壁的厚度为30至150μm。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述预留部为所述第一盖板封盖所述第一开口时，所述第一盖板沿所述周壁的周向凸出所述周壁的外表面的部分。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述预留部沿所述周壁的周向凸出所述周壁的高度为50μm至300μm。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述第一盖板设有凸台，所述凸台的周向尺寸与所述第一开口相当，使得所述第一盖板装配至所述周壁时，所述凸台的周缘与所述周壁抵接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述第一盖板包括第一板体和第二板体，所述预留部设于所述第一板体，所述第二板体焊接于所述第一板体而形成所述凸台。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述预留部的厚度为30μm至300μm，所述第一板体的厚度为30至200μm，所述第二板体的厚度为100至500μm。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述壳体包括第二盖板，所述周壁开设与所述第一开口相对的第二开口，所述第二盖板用于封盖所述第二开口。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述周壁大致呈长方体型，所述周壁包括两相对设置的第一侧板和两相对设置的第二侧板，所述第一开口、第二开口的面积小于所述第一侧板、第二侧板。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述周壁设有延伸至所述第一开口和所述第二开口的焊缝，所述第一侧板的面积小于所述第二侧板，所述焊缝设于所述第一侧板。
  12. 如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述预留部的高度H1、所述熔边的余高H2、所述熔边的宽度W以及所述预留部的厚度T2的关系为：H1＝(π×(H2+W/2)2-W2)/4T2。
  13. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至12中任一项所述的壳体和容置于所述壳体内的极芯，所述第一盖板通过所述熔边与所述周壁接合以封闭所述第一开口。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电池，其特征在于，所述熔边沿所述周壁的周向凸出的余高 小于200μm。
  15. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求13或14所述的电池。
PCT/CN2022/095568 2021-06-23 2022-05-27 壳体、电池和电子设备 WO2022267820A1 (zh)

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