WO2022262143A1 - 一种吡啶硼酸酯的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种吡啶硼酸酯的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022262143A1
WO2022262143A1 PCT/CN2021/120522 CN2021120522W WO2022262143A1 WO 2022262143 A1 WO2022262143 A1 WO 2022262143A1 CN 2021120522 W CN2021120522 W CN 2021120522W WO 2022262143 A1 WO2022262143 A1 WO 2022262143A1
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preparation
pyridine
tetramethyl
dimethyl
dioxaborolan
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PCT/CN2021/120522
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French (fr)
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胡范
周鑫洁
张宇辰
胡海文
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杭州中美华东制药有限公司
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Priority to CN202180099449.6A priority Critical patent/CN117500789A/zh
Publication of WO2022262143A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022262143A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/54—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/55—Acids; Esters

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of drug synthesis, and in particular relates to a preparation method of an intermediate pyridine boronate of a GLP-1 receptor agonist.
  • CN102378574A discloses the synthesis of (S)-2-(3S,8S)-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)phenyl-7-((S)-1-phenylpropyl)-2 ,3,6,7,8,9-Hexahydro-[1,4]-dioxine[2,3-g]isoquinoline-8-carboxamido)-3-(4- (2,3-Dimethylpyridin-4-yl)phenyl)propionic acid free base method, which specifically discloses the formation of (S)-3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-2-tert-butoxy Carbonylamino-propionic acid methyl ester VI is used as the starting material, and (S)-2-amino-3-[4-(2,3-lutidine-4 -yl)phenyl]propionic acid methyl ester dihydrochloride (IV). In the method, column chromatography is required for separation and purification, and the
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing 2,3-dimethyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine (compound III)
  • the new method reduces the amount of boric acid ester used, reduces the cost, and reduces the three wastes.
  • the reducing agent used in step 1) is selected from Fe, Fe/NH 4 Cl, Fe/AcOH, Fe/HCl, Zn/HCl, Zn/AcOH or PCl 3 .
  • the reducing agent used in the step 1) is preferably Fe/NH 4 Cl.
  • the reaction solvent used in the step 1) is selected from a mixed solution of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, tetrahydrofuran and water.
  • the reaction solvent used in the step 1) is preferably ethanol/water.
  • the molar feeding ratio of compound XIII to the reducing agent in the step 1) is 1:1.5 ⁇ 1:5.
  • the molar feed ratio of compound XIII to the reducing agent in the step 1) is preferably 1:2-1:3.
  • post-treatment may be performed after the reaction in step 1) is completed.
  • the post-processing method of step 1) is, after the reaction is completed, filter, concentrate to remove the organic solvent, extract and remove the water phase, dry the organic phase, filter, and concentrate; wherein the extraction reagent selected from dichloromethane or ethyl acetate; the drying reagent is sodium sulfate.
  • reaction solvent in step 2) is selected from xylene or toluene.
  • reaction solvent in step 2) is preferably xylene.
  • the catalyst in step 2) is selected from a palladium catalyst or a mixed system of a palladium catalyst and an organophosphorus ligand;
  • the palladium catalyst is selected from Pd 2 (dba) 3 , PdCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2
  • the organophosphorus ligand is selected from one or more of PCy 3 , PPh 3 , n-Bu 3 P and P(OMe) 3 .
  • the catalyst in step 2) is preferably a mixed system of Pd 2 (dba) 3 and PCy 3 .
  • the organic acid salt used in step 2) is selected from potassium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium oxalate, sodium oxalate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, L-potassium tartrate, L-sodium tartrate, Potassium Malate, Sodium Malate, Potassium Succinate, Sodium Succinate, Potassium Maleate, Sodium Maleate.
  • the organic acid salt used in step 2) is preferably potassium acetate.
  • the molar ratio of compound A to bis(pinacolate)diboron in the step 2) is 1:1 ⁇ 1:1.2.
  • reaction temperature in step 2) is selected from 90-130°C.
  • post-treatment should be carried out after the reaction in step 2) is completed.
  • the post-treatment method of step 2) is: after the reaction, add an organic solvent to stir, filter out the insoluble matter, then add an acid solution to the filtrate, remove the organic layer, wash the acid water layer, acid water
  • the pH of the layer is adjusted to 8-9 with dilute alkali solution, filtered, and dried to obtain solid compound III;
  • the organic solvent is selected from any one of heptane, n-hexane, and cyclohexane; the washing reagent is selected from From dichloromethane or ethyl acetate.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are: by changing the deoxidation method, using a reducing agent to deoxidize, and then performing a coupling reaction, the amount of di(pinacolate)diboron can be reduced by more than half, thereby greatly reducing the cost of raw materials. At the same time, post-processing is simplified, and a product with higher purity can be obtained, so that the effective content of the product is higher.
  • the experimental method that does not indicate specific condition in the embodiment of the present invention is conventional condition usually, or according to the condition suggested by raw material or commodity manufacturer; It can be prepared from known reagents by conventional methods.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，本方法可减少硼酸酯的用量，降低成本，减少三废，使产品有效含量更高。

Description

一种吡啶硼酸酯的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于药物合成技术领域，具体涉及一种GLP-1受体激动剂的中间体吡啶硼酸酯的制备方法。
背景技术
(S)-2-(3S,8S)-3-(4-(3,4-二氯苄氧基)苯基-7-((S)-1-苯丙基)-2,3,6,7,8,9-六氢-[1,4]-二氧杂环己烯并[2,3-g]异喹啉-8-甲酰氨基)-3-(4-(2,3-二甲基吡啶-4-基)苯基)丙酸二盐酸盐，是非肽类小分子胰高血糖素样肽-1受体(GLP-1R)激动剂，其分子式为C 50H 49Cl 4N 3O 6，分子量为929.76。(S)-2-(3S,8S)-3-(4-(3,4-二氯苄氧基)苯基-7-((S)-1-苯丙基)-2,3,6,7,8,9-六氢-[1,4]-二氧杂环己烯并[2,3-g]异喹啉-8-甲酰氨基)-3-(4-(2,3-二甲基吡啶-4-基)苯基)丙酸二盐酸盐含有四个手性中心，其中，(S)-2-氨基-3-[4-(2,3-二甲基吡啶-4-基)苯基]丙酸甲基酯二酸盐为合成引入最后一个手性中心，是其制备过程中的关键中间体。
CN102378574A公开了合成(S)-2-(3S,8S)-3-(4-(3,4-二氯苄氧基)苯基-7-((S)-1-苯丙基)-2,3,6,7,8,9-六氢-[1,4]-二氧杂环己烯并[2,3-g]异喹啉-8-甲酰氨基)-3-(4-(2,3-二甲基吡啶-4-基)苯基)丙酸游离碱的方法，其中具体公开了由(S)-3-(4-溴-苯基)-2-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-丙酸甲酯VI作为起始物料，通过Suzuki偶联，脱保护等3步反应制备得到(S)-2-氨基-3-[4-(2,3-二甲基吡啶-4-基)苯基]丙酸甲基酯二盐酸盐(IV)。方法中需使用柱层析分离纯化，总收率仅有49％，且化合物IX价格较昂贵，市场上只有克级原料供应，较难工业化应用。
Figure PCTCN2021120522-appb-000001
为了实现工业化应用，相关研究人员重新开发了两条适合工业化的合成路线，如下所示，两条新工艺均用到了中间体2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶(即，化合物III)，文献中(WO2015153720A1)制备化合物III同样使用化合物IX为原料，与二(频哪醇合)二硼偶联，受制于化合物IX的产量影响，该方法并不适合作为工业化应用。
Figure PCTCN2021120522-appb-000002
新开发的两条路线中，2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶(化合物III)使用相对便宜易得的吡啶氮氧化物XIII为原料，与二(频哪醇合)二硼偶联反应制得，该反应中二(频哪醇合)二硼既作为脱氧试剂，又作为偶联试剂，导致其用量较大(2当量以上)，其成本占比约33％，为高消耗物料，且售价较高，直接影响整体工艺成本。此外，大量使用二(频哪醇合)二硼产生的硼酸废渣较多，给后处理带来很大压力。故急需进一步优化，寻找更高效的方法来制备化合物III，减少硼酸酯的用量，降低成本，减少三废。
发明内容
本发明提供一种制备2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶(化合物III)的新方法，减少硼酸酯的用量，降低成本，减少三废。
本发明提供的制备2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶(化合物III)的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)化合物XIII在还原剂的作用下脱氧生成中间体A；
2)中间体A与二(频哪醇合)二硼在有机酸盐和催化剂的作用下发生偶联反应生成化合物III。
Figure PCTCN2021120522-appb-000003
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤1)中使用的还原剂选自Fe、Fe/NH 4Cl、Fe/AcOH、Fe/HCl、Zn/HCl、Zn/AcOH或PCl 3。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤1)中使用的还原剂优选为Fe/NH 4Cl。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤1)中使用的反应溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、四氢呋喃中任一种与水的混合溶液。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤1)中使用的反应溶剂优选为乙醇/水。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤1)中化合物XIII与还原剂的摩尔投料比为1：1.5～1：5。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤1)中化合物XIII与还原剂的摩尔投料比优选为1：2～1：3。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤1)反应完成后可进行后处理。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤1)的后处理方法为，待反应结束后，过滤，浓缩除去有机溶剂，萃取除去水相，干燥有机相，过滤，浓缩；其中，所述萃取试剂选自二氯甲烷或乙酸乙酯；所述干燥试剂为硫酸钠。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)的反应溶剂选自二甲苯或甲苯。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)的反应溶剂优选为二甲苯。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)中的催化剂选自钯催化剂或钯催化剂与有机磷配体混合体系；所述的钯催化剂选自Pd 2(dba) 3，PdCl 2(PPh 3) 2，Pd(OAc) 2，所述有机磷配体选自PCy 3，PPh 3，n-Bu 3P，P(OMe) 3中的一种或两种以上。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)中的催化剂优选为Pd 2(dba) 3和PCy 3混合体系。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)使用的有机酸盐选自醋酸钾，醋酸钠，草酸钾，草酸钠，柠檬酸钠，柠檬酸钾，L-酒石酸钾，L-酒石酸钠，苹果酸钾，苹果酸钠，琥珀酸钾，琥珀酸钠，马来酸钾，马来酸钠。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)使用的有机酸盐优选为醋酸钾。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)中化合物A与二(频哪醇合)二硼的投料摩尔比为1:1～1:1.2。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)的反应温度选自90～130℃。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)反应完成后应进行后处理。
作为一种具体的实施方式，所述步骤2)的后处理方法为，反应结束后加入有机溶剂搅拌，滤除不溶物，然后滤液中加入酸溶液，除去有机层，洗涤酸水层，酸水层再用稀碱溶液调节pH至8～9，过滤，干燥得固体化合物III；其中，所述的有机溶剂选自庚烷、正己烷、环己烷中的任一种；所述洗涤试剂选自二氯甲烷或乙酸乙酯。
本发明的有益效果为：通过改变脱氧方法，采用还原剂脱氧，再进行偶联反应，可使二(频哪醇合)二硼的用量降低一半以上，从而使原料成本大大降低。同时，简化了后处理，且能获得纯度更高的产品，使产品有效含量更高。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，通常为常规条件，或按照原料或商品 制造厂商所建议的条件；未注明来源的试剂，通常为通过商业途径可购得的常规试剂或者可以由已知的试剂通过常规方法制备得到。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1化合物III的制备
将化合物XIII(20g，126.9mmol，1eq)，铁粉(17.56g，317.26mmol，2.5eq)，氯化铵(20.4g，317.25mmol，2.5eq)，6ml水，60ml甲醇加入反应瓶中，氮气保护，65℃下反应5h。反应结束后，抽滤出去铁粉，旋去乙醇，加入50ml水，二氯甲烷(3×80ml)萃取。饱和食盐水(2×100ml)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，旋干有16.09g黄色液体。收率89.5％，纯度99.8％。
将中间体A(11.74g，82.91mmol，1eq)加入到甲苯中，再加入二(频哪醇合)二硼(23.16g，91.2mmol，1.1eq)，之后再加入乙酸钾(24.41g，248.73mmol，3eq)，Pd 2(dba) 3(152mg，0.17mmol，0.002eq)，PCy 3(186mg，0.66mmol，0.008eq)。氮气保护，100℃反应。反应结束后冷却至室温，加入庚烷稀释，搅拌1h，过滤，溶液加入2N稀盐酸提取，二氯甲烷洗涤两次，水相加入饱和碳酸钠调节pH至8～9，过滤干燥得21.12g白色固体。收率94％，纯度99％。
实施例2
将化合物XIII(20g，126.9mmol，1eq)，铁粉(17.56g，317.26mmol，2.5eq)，乙酸(19.05g，317.25mmol，2.5eq)，6ml水，60ml甲醇加入反应瓶中，氮气保护，65℃下反应5h。反应结束后，抽滤出去铁粉，旋去乙醇，加入50ml水，二氯甲烷萃取。饱和食盐水洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，旋干有13.48g黄色液体。收率75.0％，纯度98.8％。
将中间体A(11.74g，82.91mmol，1eq)加入到甲苯中，再加入二(频哪醇合)二硼(23.16g，91.2mmol，1.1eq)，之后再加入乙酸钾(24.41g，248.73mmol，3eq)，Pd 2(dba) 3(152mg，0.17mmol，0.002eq)，PCy 3(186mg，0.66mmol，0.008eq)。氮气保护，100℃反应。反应结束后冷却至室温，加入庚烷稀释，搅拌1h，过滤，溶液加入2N稀盐酸提取，二氯甲烷洗涤两次，水相加入饱和碳酸钠调节pH至8～9，过滤干燥得21.12g白色固体。收率94％，纯度99％。
实施例3
将化合物XIII(20g，126.9mmol，1eq)，铁粉(17.56g，317.26mmol，2.5eq)，氯化铵(20.4g，317.25mmol，2.5eq)，6ml水，60ml甲醇加入反应瓶中，氮气保护，65℃下反应5h。反应结束后，抽滤出去铁粉，旋去乙醇，加入50ml水，二氯甲烷萃取。饱和食盐水(2×100ml)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，旋干有16.09g黄色液体。收率89.5％，纯度99.8％。
将中间体A(11.74g，82.91mmol，1eq)加入到甲苯中，再加入二(频哪醇合)二硼(23.16g，91.2mmol，1.1eq)，之后再加入乙酸钾(24.41g，248.73mmol，3eq)， PdCl 2(PPh 3) 2(1.19g，1.7mmol，0.02eq)。氮气保护，100℃反应。反应结束后冷却至室温，加入庚烷(80ml)稀释，搅拌1h，过滤，溶液加入2N稀盐酸(3×100ml)提取，二氯甲烷(50ml)洗涤两次，水相加入饱和碳酸钠调节pH至8～9，过滤干燥得21.56g白色固体。收率96％，纯度99.2％。
上述实施例仅用于理解本发明的方法和核心思想，而不是限制本发明的范围。对于本领域技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，进行任何可能的变化或替换，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
    Figure PCTCN2021120522-appb-100001
    1)化合物XIII在还原剂的作用下脱氧生成中间体A；
    2)中间体A与二(频哪醇合)二硼在有机酸盐和催化剂的作用下发生偶联反应生成化合物III。
  2. 一种如权利要求1所述的2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，其中，所述步骤1)中的还原剂选自Fe/NH 4Cl、Fe/AcOH、Fe/HCl、Zn/HCl、Zn/AcOH或PCl 3，优选Fe/NH 4Cl；
    和/或，所述步骤1)中的反应溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、四氢呋喃中任一种与水的混合溶液，优选乙醇/水溶液。
  3. 一种如权利要求1所述的2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，其中，步骤1)中化合物XIII与还原剂的投料摩尔比为1：1.5～1：5，优选1：2～1：3。
  4. 一种如权利要求1所述的2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，其中，所述步骤2)的反应溶剂为二甲苯或甲苯，优选二甲苯。
  5. 一种如权利要求1所述的2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，其中，步骤2)加入的催化剂选自钯催化剂或钯催化剂与有机磷配体混合体系；所述的钯催化剂选自Pd 2(dba) 3，PdCl 2(PPh 3) 2，Pd(OAc) 2，所述有机磷配体选自PCy 3，PPh 3，n-Bu 3P，P(OMe) 3中的一种或两种以上，优选Pd 2(dba) 3和PCy 3混合体系。
  6. 一种如权利要求1所述的2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，其中，步骤2)加入的有机酸盐选自醋酸钾，醋酸钠，草酸钾，草酸钠，柠檬酸钠，柠檬酸钾，L-酒石酸钾，L-酒石酸钠，苹果酸钾，苹果酸钠，琥珀酸钾，琥珀酸钠，马来酸钾，马来酸钠，优选醋酸钾。
  7. 一种如权利要求1所述的2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，其中，步骤2)中化合物A与二(频哪醇合)二硼的投料摩尔比为1:1～1:1.2；
    和/或，所述步骤2)的反应温度为90～130℃。
  8. 一种如权利要求1所述的2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，其中，步骤1)和/或步骤2)完成后可进行后处理。
  9. 一种如权利要求1～8任一项所述的2,3-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)吡啶的制备方法，在制备(S)-2-(3S,8S)-3-(4-(3,4-二氯苄氧基)苯基-7-((S)-1-苯丙基)-2,3,6,7,8,9-六氢-[1,4]-二氧杂环己烯并[2,3-g]异喹啉-8-甲酰氨基)-3-(4-(2,3-二甲基吡啶-4-基)苯基)丙酸中的用途。
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